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Tutor's Guide: Working with Adult Learners A FRONTIER COLLEGE TUTOR’S GUIDE: WORKING WITH ADULTS www.frontiercollege.ca FRONTIER COLLEGE PRESS Ce document est aussi disponible en français. © 2011, Frontier College Press 35 Jackes Avenue Toronto, Ontario Canada M4T 1E2 416-923-3591 www.frontiercollege.ca Printed in Canada. ISBN 978-0-921031-43-7 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title: A Frontier College tutor's guide : working with adults. Previously published as: Frontier College tutor's handbook, 1997. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-921031-43-7 1. Reading (Adult education). 2. Elementary education of adults. 3. Tutors and tutoring--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Frontier College II. Title: Tutor's guide. LC5225.R4F78 2011 428.0071'5 C2011-906339-5 Table of Contents Welcome ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Writers and Contributors .............................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Additional Resources .................................................................................................................................. 14 References .................................................................................................................................................. 16 Getting Started Student Centred Individualized Learning (SCIL) .......................................................................................... 19 Learning Styles ............................................................................................................................................ 26 Learning disabilities .................................................................................................................................... 35 Assessment Practices .................................................................................................................................. 40 Initial student assessment .......................................................................................................................... 41 Goal Setting ................................................................................................................................................. 43 Lesson planning ........................................................................................................................................... 50 Ongoing evaluation ..................................................................................................................................... 55 Evaluation tools........................................................................................................................................... 60 Setting boundaries and managing conflict ................................................................................................. 64 Moving on ................................................................................................................................................... 68 References .................................................................................................................................................. 69 Tutor Strategies and Activities - Beginner Learners Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 73 Tutoring strategies ...................................................................................................................................... 74 Word analysis skills ..................................................................................................................................... 97 References ................................................................................................................................................ 108 Tutor Strategies and Activities - Intermediate Learners Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 111 Tutoring concepts ..................................................................................................................................... 112 Reading tutoring strategies ....................................................................................................................... 117 Writing activities ....................................................................................................................................... 124 Intermediate numeracy ............................................................................................................................ 141 Use of information technology ................................................................................................................. 145 References ................................................................................................................................................ 146 Tutoring Specific Learner Populations Tutoring Students with intellectual disabilities ........................................................................................ 149 Tutoring students in prison ....................................................................................................................... 167 Tutoring English Language Learner (ELL) Students ................................................................................... 182 Tutoring students who are homeless ....................................................................................................... 209 References ................................................................................................................................................ 225 Welcome Frontier College has proudly brought literacy into our communities for over 100 years. Our mission is to ensure that all Canadians have the reading and writing skills they need to reach their full potential. By committing to become a tutor, you play a crucial role in that process. This guide will help you and our learners achieve success. It presents the knowledge, experience and best practices that we have accrued over the years. I know it will be a helpful tool as you embark on this journey. On behalf of the thousands of children and adults we serve, thank you for believing in our mission. Sherry Campbell President Frontier College A Frontier College Tutor’s Guide: Working with Adults 1 Writers and Contributors Maureen Anglin John Barron Angela Bisby Terri Block Johanna Goering Sandra Huehn Ken Martin Angela Parkin Judy Perry Mélanie Valcin Editor: Kristine Morris We would also like to thank the many people who took the time to review portions of this guide. 2 A Frontier College Tutor’s Guide: Working with Adults Introduction Welcome ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Writers and Contributors .............................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 How to use this guide ............................................................................................................................... 5 Literacy in Canada ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Types of adult literacy programs .............................................................................................................. 8 Current trends in literacy .......................................................................................................................... 9 Additional resources ................................................................................................................................... 14 Frontier College ....................................................................................................................................... 14 Libraries ................................................................................................................................................... 14 Internet search terms ............................................................................................................................. 15 Websites ................................................................................................................................................. 15 References .................................................................................................................................................. 16 Introduction Introduction Frontier College has been tutoring people for over 110 years. This Tutor’s Guide presents information to tutors based on these many years of experience. It is designed for tutors who are helping adults improve their skills in reading, writing, and using numbers. It provides tutors with ideas, tools and additional resources as they work with a learner to improve his or her skills. There are three main sections in this guide: 1. Getting started:
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