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Fo#371/102721 BRITISH EMBASSY, CAIRO. No.l78£3X>51/3/53) August 17, 1953. CONFIDENTIAL INDEXED My Lord Marquess, I have the honour to inform you that when I called on the Minister for Foreign Affairs on the 13th of August I took the opportunity to speak to him regarding the Anglo- Libyan Treaty. I said that some very hard words had been said about this in the press, but I personally could not really understand whether, and if so why, the Egyptian Govern- ment were opposed to it. The Libyan Government were very pleased about it as he would have seen from Muntasoer's statement published that morning. The agreement would put Libya on its feet economically and give it a good start. There did not seem to be 'any other adequate means by which this could have been assured. At the same time the presence of British troops in some otherwise deserted places in the Middle East would ensure that there was no strategic vacuum there, and add to the security of the area, which was a common interest of Egypt and of the other Middle Eastern countries. This was particularly valuable at a time when we were contemplating taking our fighting troops away from the Canal Zone and would make it less difficult for us to give acceptable terms to Egypt. 2. The Minister for Foreign Affairs showed himself to be well-informed on the whole subject. He said that the Egyptian people (he did not mention the Government at this point) thought that the presence of any foreign troops on the soil of an Arab state was bound to constitute a threat to the independence of that country. This ran counter to what they hoped for the Arab countries. Moreover, so far as financial help was concerned, the Egyptian Government would have liked it to be given internationally. He did not mention the press controversy as to how the Egyptian offer of financial aid to Libya had been made, and I did not see very much point in reminding him of it. Dr. Fawzi added that he was disturbed about the problem of Italian assets in Libya, and implied thai; the Libyan Government had had a very rough deal. He spoke as if he personally or the Egyptian Govern- ment were the legal advisers for the Libyan Governnent in all such matters. I was not previously conversant with this problem and did not follow his remarks up. 3» I concluded this part of our conversation by saying that we ought sooner or later to consider where such clashes in foreign policy were likely to lead. Her Majesty's Government had long-standing friendships with many countries in the Middle East including, they hoped, Egypt. Were the Egyptian Governnent wedded to a policy of undermining our friendships and destroying our interests in every country whenever possible? I very much hoped this was not so, because it would not in the least coincide with our attempt to sink our differences about the Canal Zone Base, on which Her Majesty's Government were being asked to make a most prodigious effort. To this Dr. Fawzi made his usual very smooth reply, but in the course of his rather general remarks he used the phrase "inevitability of/. The Most Honourable, The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G. , P.O., . Foreign Office, LONDON. S.W. 1. PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE Reference:- "COPYRIGHT - MOT TO BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHICALLY WITHOUT PERU Charge d'Affaires, Cairo (Mr. Murumbi) 13. Mr. Fenner Brockway asked the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs if, in view of the fresh evidence submitted to him demonstrating the incorrectness of his original information, he will instruct the British Ambassador at Cairo to with- draw the charge made by the Charge d'Affaires against Mr. Joseph Murumbi of being an emissary of Mau Mau. Mr. Selwyn Lloyd: It is true that on 28th August Her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires at Cairo did, in a communica- tion to the Egyptian Government, refer to Mr. Murumbi as: " variously described as Vice-President of the African Union, an illegal organisation, and as a representative of the Mau Mau movement in Kenya." That description was in accordance with reports in the Egyptian Press relating to interviews with Mr. Murumbi. Those reports were not at the time contradicted by Mr. Murumbi. Since that date Mr. Murumbi has stated that he is not a representative of Mau Mau and is, in fact, opposed to the movement. Her Majesty's Government are glad to hear this and trust that this Question and answer have clarified the position. Mr. Brockway : While 1 appreciate that recognition, may I ask the right hon. and learned Gentleman whether he is aware th^t Mr. Murumbi repudiated those reports while he was in Cairo, when he called a special Press conference for the purpose and issued a statement to the Press agencies in Egypt? As many of us who know Mr. Murumbi have no doubt upon this matter, and in view of the correction which has appeared in "The Times," will the right hon. and learned Gentleman make it clear that the charge is withdrawn? , Mr. Lloyd: In my answer I dealt with ' the information in the possession of Her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires at the time the communication was made to the Egyptian Government. With regard to the latter part of the supplementary, I think that today's Question and answer have dealt with that. DEC 1955 COPYRIGHT - NOT TO BE of gradualness" in such a way ae to leave on my mind the impression that the Egyptian Government hoped eventually to see the end of Western dominance in the Middle East and no doubt to "become themselves the leading state in this part of the world. One sees this tendency only too clearly in the Sudan and also in the Arab League. 4. If this interpretation is correct, the degree of cooperation with Egypt to which we can look forward, even if we make an agreement about the Canal Zone Base, may "be severely qualified. I-am coming more and more to the opinion that even if we sink our differences in that respect, we shall never "be able to regard Egypt as a really reliable friend unless we are able to make collaboration worth-while and at the same time to ensure that our rights are respected. The question is whether any agreement we may conclude about the Canal Zone Base will leave us in a position to keep Egypt up to her obligations. It seems very doubtful. No doubt the presence of our troops in Libya will diminish our over-all weakness in the area, but I feel increasingly sure that we shall have to back our position in Egypt with a flow of economic and perhaps also military assistance (and I mean a flow as opposed to lump sum generosity) which can be turned off like a tap if Egypt misbehaves. The inference of any such requirement as regards cooperation with the United States Government is obvious. 5. I am sending a copy of this despatch to the British Middle East Office and Tripoli. I have the honour to be, With the highest respect, My Lord Marquess, Your Lordship's obedient Servant, . 1 i | i | | r~>^Z'"1l/Jrvic\~7'7l ^3 / ^ ^-""l F<—'_!> \ 1 I ( LJ oL / »s. I 1 I <>- Q I 1 2 • 1 I 1 1 LL i i i COPYRIGHT - NOT TO BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHICALLY WITHOUT PERM SSION S/VING in Olair by Bag. PROM CAIRO TO FOREIGN OFFICE Mr. M.J. Oreswell No. 3*11 Saving November 27, 1953. UNCLASSIFIED . Addressed to Foreign Office telegram NO. 311 Saving of November 27, repeated for information Saving to:- Washington No, 407, Paris No. 513 and B.M.Ii.O. No. 491. On the occasion of General Naguib's visit to Alexandria on November 26 to lay the foundation stone of the new University City,,a mass meeting was 'Organised by the Liberation Kelly ut which the General, Col. Abaci Nasr, Major Saleh Salem and others spoke. 2. 'All stressed the theme that true independence could on?y • be obtained by force. Negotiated independence said the General, was' independence "on the cheap", which was useless. 3. Major Salem took up what he described as a suggestion of Col. Abdel Nasser's last .nonth for r. reg'.'.lar conference of Arab leaders at Jfecca, and said that what was wanted was an all- Arab 6ongress of representatives of the Arab peoples, not of the £rab Governments, and it should meet in Cairo, Erypt should cooperate with the j'rab peoples in order to bring into existence a bloc which the world would be compelled to respect. 4. At a press conference after the meeting Major Salem in reply to question t'.~ /eloped the theme that ii^ypt should rely only on herself, since no country courted her except in pursuit of its own ends. Hope of assistance from America was a irirege. Any commitments un:1er Point IV had been made by the previous reg. x;, and the revolutionary regime "had courageously accepted the continuance of this assistance", which was purely technical and carried no political strings. Any aid which imposed obli^atr.o'is would be refused. Egypt would be a satellite o? neither L'ast nor West. Her relations with Russia were normal, and she welcomed cooperation in nil fields with any country in the world, including Russia, ^ PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE 1 2 3 4 5 < Reference:- 1 l Fczii //OSL7SLI ^ far) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COPYRIGHT - NOT TO BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHICALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION \ African Parliamentary Question •jf 29 Mr.
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