Separate Volume National Universities 15 Quarterly Report 2017 by The Association of National Universities (JANU) Current Situation of National Universities in Japan

Constituent Members Students By course (Unit: Persons) By area (Undergraduate) (Unit: Persons)

17.3% 5.1% 77.6% Undergraduate National国立 31.7% 68.3% 444,204 131,406 1,991,420 140,650 303,554

59.0% 6.6% 34.3% Master 93,940 10,522 54,652 公立 35.5% 64.5% Public 46,632 84,774 68.5% 6.6% 25.0% Doctor 50,561 4,853 18,437 75.8% 24.2% 37.4% 58.2% 私立 Professional 4.4% Private 1,510,277 481,143 6,223 733 9,667

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Three 三大都市圏 その他の地域Other areas National Public Private metropolitan areas

Note: Total may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Note: The three metropolitan areas here include Saitama Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, , Kanagawa Prefecture, , , Osaka, and Hyogo Prefecture. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “School Basics Survey 2016” issued by MEXT Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “School Basics Survey 2016” issued by MEXT Master course and doctor course students at national universities account for approx. 60% and approx. 70% National universities provide university education of the total respectively. across the nation.

Faculty Labor Cost of Managers and Staff Number of faculty at national universities (by gender) Total of salaries, compensations, etc. (Unit: 100M yen) (Unit: Persons) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 (FY) (FY) 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 H19 9,362 89.2% 10.8% 2007 2004 [Value] [Value] 60,897 H272015 8,834 83.7% 16.3% 2016 [Value] [Value] 64,771 Salaries paid to part-time managers, staff, etc. Male Female (Unit: 100M yen) Note: Faculty numbers include only full-time faculty members. 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “School Basics Survey” (each year (FY) version) issued by MEXT H19 2,146 2007 Increase in the female headcount and rate

Employment of faculty members under age 40 at national universities H272015 4,082 (Unit: Persons) 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 Note 1: National university corporations and Inter-University Research Institute Corporation (FY) Note 2: “Total of salaries, compensations, etc.” shows the total of compensations, salaries, 38.8% 61.2% bonuses, and allowances paid to full-time managers and staff. H19 17,667 2007 [Value] [Value] Note 3: “Salaries paid to part-time managers, staff, etc.” shows the total of salaries, allowances and retirement allowances paid to part-time managers and staff, temporary workers, etc. 62.9% 37.1% Note 4: Welfare expenses (total of legal welfare expenses and non-statutory welfare 2015H28 16,920 [Value] [Value] expenses) are not included. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Compensation levels of managers 任期付きFixed-term Permanent任期無し and staff at national university corporations, etc.” (each year) issued by MEXT Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on MEXT surveys. Decrease in labor cost for full-time managers and staff, Decrease in the young faculty headcount and increase in increase in labor cost for part-time managers, staff, etc. the fixed-term faculty rate Education

Main Distinctive Faculties Newly Established after Incorporation

Niigata University Shimane University Tottori University College of Creative Studies (2017) Faculty of Human Sciences (2017) Faculty of Regional Sciences (2004) Yamagata University Ehime University Faculty of Education, Art and Science (2005) Faculty of Collaborative Akita University Regional Innovation (2016) Shinshu University Faculty of Economics and Faculty of International Resource Sciences (2014) University of the Ryukyus Law (2016) Faculty of Tourism Sciences and Utsunomiya University Industrial Management (2008) Faculty of Regional Design (2016) University of Fukui Yamaguchi University School of Global and University of Yamanashi Faculty of Global Science Community Studies (2016) Studies (2015) Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences (2012)

Saga University Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Faculty of Art and Regional School of Language and Culture Studies / School Design (2016) of International and Area Studies (2012)

Nagasaki University Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology School of Global Humanities and School of Marine Resources and Environmental Social Sciences (2014) Studies (2017)

Yamaguchi University & Kagoshima Yokohama National University University College of Urban Sciences (2017) Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (2012)

University of Miyazaki Chiba University Faculty of Regional Innovation (2016) College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (2016)

Oita University Wakayama University University Faculty of Welfare and Health Science (2016) Faculty of Tourism (2008) School of Informatics (2017)

Shiga University Kochi University Tokushima University Faculty of Data Science (2017) Faculty of Regional Collaboration (2015) Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry (2016) Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on materials provided by MEXT

Development of Educational Environment Educational Reform Activities Number of students per full-time teacher Number of library books per student Implementing the GPA system (strict grade assessment) (Unit: Persons) (Unit: books) (Unit: Universities) 200.0 73 25.0 165.3 80 19.9 152.0 20.0 60 150.0 60 51 15.0 11.3 93.7 9.4 100.0 10.0 40 50.0 5.0 20 0.0 0.0 0 National国立 Public公立 Private私立 National国立 Public公立 Private私立 Source: Created by the Secretariat of Note: Number of students/Number of (full-time) 2008H20 H232011 H262014 (FY) JANU based on the FY2016 Fact- faculty finding Survey of Academic Information Note: Only undergraduate courses Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based Infrastructure (March 2017) conducted Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2014 University Education on “School Basics Survey 2016” issued by MEXT by MEXT Curriculum, etc. Reform Situation (outline)” (December 2016) issued by MEXT

Types of available electronic journals per national university Universities where over 50% full-time teachers participate in FD (Unit: Types of journals) 50.0% 47.6% 15,000 36.5% 40.0% 29.1% 31.0% 10,000 30.0% その他 5,238 Other 4,169 20.0% 2,136 出版社 5,000 Publisher 5,132 5,414 5,008 10.0% 0 0.0% 2007H19 2011H23 2015H27 (FY) H232011 2012H24 2013H25 2014H26 (FY) Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on the Fact-finding Survey of Academic Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2014 University Information Infrastructure (each FY) conducted by MEXT Education Curriculum, etc. Reform Situation (outline)” (December 2016) issued by Note: “Other” electronic journals show the number of e-journals purchased from service vendors that MEXT collect and offer e-journals from many publishers. National universities actively provide advanced, high-quality education. Research No. 1 Local National University in Each Field that Has Been Awarded the Nobel Laureates Largest Number of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Affiliation at the Time of the Year Name Field Educational Background Award University Field University Field / Columbia 1949 Hideki Yukawa Physics Kyoto University (Former) Agricultural engineering / Nara Women's (Former) Human life University Ibaraki University Rural planning University Clothing life/ Dwelling life 1965 Shin-Itiro Tomonaga Physics Kyoto University Tokyo University of Education Web informatics/ Service 1968 Yasunari Kawabata Literature The ― informatics Wakayama IBM Thomas J. Watson Tourism 1973 Leo Esaki Physics The University of Tokyo Library and information science / University Research Center Humanistic social informatics 1974 Eisaku Sato Peace The University of Tokyo ― Modeling and technologies for (Former) Phytopathology 1981 Kenichi Fukui Chemistry Kyoto University Kyoto University environmental conservation and Okayama remediation Physiology or Massachusetts Institute of University Respiratory surgery 1987 Susumu Tonegawa Kyoto University Sports science Medicine Technology University of Developmental mechanisms and 1994 Kenzaburo Oe Literature The University of Tokyo ― Tsukuba Education the body works Tokyo Institute of 2000 Hideki Shirakawa Chemistry University of Tsukuba Applied health science Sociology of education Technology Education on school Human geography 2001 Ryoji Noyori Chemistry Kyoto University subjects and activities Hiroshima Masatoshi Koshiba Physics The University of Tokyo The University of Tokyo Economic statistics Surgical dentistry 2002 University Properties in chemical Koichi Tanaka Chemistry Shimadzu Corporation engineering process/ High Energy Accelerator Special needs education Makoto Kobayashi Physics Nagoya University Transfer operation/ Unit Research Organization operation Toshihide Maskawa Physics Nagoya University Kyoto Sangyo University Nagaoka University Environmental technology / 2008 (Former) Carcinogens of Technology Environmental load reduction Yoichiro Nambu Physics The University of Tokyo Chicago University Yamaguchi Shinshu University (Former) Human life Pathological inspection Osamu Shimomura Chemistry Nagasaki University Boston University University Kagawa Embryonic/ Neonatal Akira Suzuki Chemistry Hokkaido University (Former) Carcinogens 2010 University University medicine Ei-ichi Negishi Chemistry The University of Tokyo Purdue University Childhood science (childhood Environmental risk control University of Fukui Ehime University Physiology or environment science) and evaluation 2012 Shinya Yamanaka Kobe University Kyoto University Shizuoka Parasitology (including Medicine Domestic science / Human life University sanitary zoology) Isamu Akasaki Physics Kyoto University Meijo University Nagasaki Hamamatsu University Hiroshi Amano Physics Nagoya University Nagoya University University School of Psychiatric science Infectious disease medicine 2014 University of California, Santa Medicine Shuji Nakamura Physics Tokushima University Barbara Note: Local national universities here refer to national universities, other than the former seven (Hokkaido University, Takaaki Kajita Physics Saitama University The University of Tokyo Tohoku University, The University of Tokyo, Nagoya University, Kyoto University, , and ), and universities located in the three metropolitan areas (Saitama Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, Osaka, Hyogo 2015 Physiology or Satoshi Ōmura University of Yamanashi Kitasato University Prefecture, and Kyoto). Medicine Note 2: Universities sharing the No. 1 position with the same number of research fields are also included. Note 3: Total number of new projects in the past five years Physiology or 2016 Yoshinori Osumi The University of Tokyo Tokyo Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on ”FY2016 Allocation of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Projects” (October Medicine 2016) issued by MEXT Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on NobelPrize.org website Using each university’s strong points and distinctive features to promote various research projects across the country All Nobel laureates graduated from national universities.

Allocation of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (for newly adopted projects) (Unit: 1,000 yen)

No. of No. of Adopted Allocation Allocation Amount (『学術研究 Adoption Rate Amount Subscribed Indirect Applications Projects Amount (Total) Direct Expenditure Rate 盤形成』) Expenditure 明のため、仮 特設分野研究 National 49,769 14,610 29.4% 240,895,669 53,326,390 41,020,300 12,306,090 63.2% 研究』は前年度 Public 7,735 1,959 25.3% 23,684,098 4,796,870 3,689,900 1,106,970 5.7% を使用しました Private 31,361 7,037 22.4% 86,725,154 15,631,590 12,024,300 3,607,290 18.5% Other 12,369 3,070 24.8% 54,356,421 10,583,040 8,140,800 2,442,240 12.5% Total 101,234 26,676 26.4% 405,661,342 84,337,890 64,875,300 19,462,590 －

Note 1: The FY2016 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research are for research projects (newly adopted) (excluding “Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (research in a proposed research area): Formation of Academic Research Support Infrastructure”, “Special Field Research” and “Encouragement Research”) and research projects (newly adopted) of the “Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (International Group)”. Note 2: Total may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on ”FY2016 Allocation of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Projects” (October 2016) issued by Research Promotion Bureau, MEXT

Promotion of joint research with local companies, etc. Top 30 universities in terms of joint research with private companies Top 30 universities in terms of number of joint No. of research projects Research grant amount research projects with SMEs in the same prefecture 私立大学 公立大学 公立大学 公立大学 [Value] 私立大学 私立大学 [Value] [Value] [Value] [Value] [Value] 国立大学 国立大学 国立大学 （三大都市圏） （三大都市圏） （三大都市圏） ] [Value] [Value] [Value

国立大学 （三大都市圏 国立大学 国立大学 以外） （三大都市圏以外） （三大都市圏以外） [Value] [Value] [Value]

(Unit: universities) The three metropolitan areas here include Saitama Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, Aichi Prefecture, Kyoto, Osaka, and Hyogo Prefecture. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2015 Universities, etc. Industry-Academia Collaboration Situation” issued by MEXT Industry-Academia Collaboration

No. of Joint Research Projects No. of Contracted Research Projects Implemented and Amount Received Implemented and Amount Received （Unit: Projects） (Unit: Million yen) （Unit: Projects） (Unit: Million yen) 70,000 10,000 14,000

20,000 12,710 3,796 60,000 11,066 12,000 12,289 11,329 10,960 3,456 8,000 11,706 11,227 10,543 3,093 1,359 11,528 9,765 2,625 50,000 9,682 10,000 15,000 2,344 1,278 1,774 2,062 1,192 1,845 1,200 46,719 8,668 1,165 41,603 1,470 1,121 6,000 9141,012 39,023 40,000 8,000 1,341639 33,907 34,148 964 585 31,407 3,968 Received 10,000 33,433 4,175 4,158 3,872 3,732 432 15,666 30,000 3,757 4,105 6,000 31,077 29,451 14,336 4,000 4,249 3,917 3,519 3,889 743 28,585 3,847 13,596 AmountReceived

347 Amount 13,100 24,857 12,793 12,361 20,000 4,000 19,671 690 665 5,000 11,922 582 12,286 457 451 490 11,681 2,000 456 621 495 459 405 423 10,563 10,000 2,000 No. of Joint Research Projects Implemented 9,658 1,936 2,295 7,774 1,562 1,848 2,206 2,375 No. ofContracted No. Research ProjectsImplemented 1,650 1,563 1,785 1,548 1,683 1,881 0 0 0 0 H16’04 H17‘05 H18‘06 H19‘07 H20 ‘08 H21‘09 ‘10H22 H23 ’11 H24’12 H25‘13 H26’14 ‘15H27 (FY)(FY) H16’04 H17‘05 H18 ’06 H19 ‘07 H20 ’08 H21 ‘09 H22’10 H23’11 ’12H24 H25 ’13 H26‘14 H27‘15 (FY)(FY)

National,国立等 etc. Public,公立等 etc. Private,私立等 etc. 全体Total National,国立等 etc. Public,公立等 etc. 私立等Private, etc. 全体Total Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Universities, etc. Industry- Academia Collaboration Situation” (each FY version) issued by the Science and Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Universities, etc. Industry- Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT Academia Collaboration Situation” (each FY version) issued by the Science and Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT The number of joint research projects implemented and the amount received The amount received has been stagnant in are increasing. recent years.

No. of Patents Held by National Donations Received by National Universities, etc. Universities, etc.

(Unit: Patents) (Unit: 100M yen) 1,400 25,000 1,265 1,313 1,1931,1681,190 1,200 1,1511,148 19,409 1,0951,080 20,000 448 17,254 438 1,000 404 366 431 431 378 In-kind 14,527 366 318 現物寄附donation 15,000 800 現物寄附以外Donation other than 10,942 the above 600 10,000 8,239 7,481 6,833 5,483 400 827 802 865 4,759 721 770 789 758 729 762 5,000 4,125 3,294 2,570 2,879 2,100 1,845 200 885 973 1,290 0 0 ’07H19 ’08H20 H21’09 H22’10 H23’11 ’12H24 H25’13 H26’14 H27‘15 (FY) H20’08 H21 ’09 H22 ’10 H23’11 H24’12 H25’13 H26 ’14 H27 ‘15 H28 ’16 (FY) Domestic国内 Overseas外国 (Provisional value) Note 1: The amount for FY2016 is a provisional value . Note 2: Figures may not add up to the totals due to rounding down. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Universities, etc. Industry- Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on materials provided by MEXT Academia Collaboration Situation” (each FY version) ) issued by the Science and ( “Financial Statements of National Universities,” etc.) Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT The amount of donations received shows a sign of The number of patents held in Japan and increase, despite recent stagnant growth, as a abroad is increasing every year. result of active efforts, etc. of each university. Internationalization No. of International Students No. of Courses Given in English (Unit: Course) 20,000 16,024 Undergraduate 14,285 15,000 12,796 (Unit: Persons) 10,936 80,000 10,000 8,068 5,449 4,075 4,439 3,711 2,510 60,000 5,000 0 40,000 57,345 59,078 47,834 49,544 2012H24 2013H25 2014H26 2015H27 H282016 (FY) 20,000 Undergraduate Graduate 1,406 1,302 1,636 1,670 Note: The number of FY2012 courses includes a part of language courses. 9,084 9,674 10,293 11,481 Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Follow-up Survey Results on the Further Promotion 0 of Educational Internationalization at National Universities” (each year) issued by JANU 2004H16 2008H20 2012H24 2016H28 (FY) The number of courses given in English is increasing Nationa国立 l Public公立 Private私立 both at undergraduate and graduate levels. Graduate (Unit: Persons) 50,000 No. of Overseas Sites No. of International 40,000 14,397 Exchange Agreements 13,281 (Unit: Sites) (Unit: Agreements) 30,000 1,928 8,694 11,103 1,680 400 11,000 10,474 1,316 352 20,000 1,302 9,515 27,153 350 10,000 20,247 24,680 316 19,518 9,000 8,549 288 7,847 0 300 277 7,465 2004H16 2008H20 2012H24 2016H28 (FY) 250 230 7,000 Nationa国立 l 公立Public 私立Private 200 5,000 Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “International Student Enrollment H21 H23 H24 H25 H26 (FY) ’09 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 H21 H23 H24 H25 H26 (FY) Survey Results” (each year) issued by the Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO) ’09 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 Note: Only for national universities Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Survey Results on Inter-university Exchange International graduate students at national Agreements with International Universities and Overseas Sites” (each year) issued by MEXT universities account for over 60% of the total. Various activities for internationalization are increasing.

No. and Rate of Japanese Students Studying Abroad No. of Non-Japanese No. of Japanese Researchers Accepted Researchers Sent Abroad (Unit: Persons) (Unit: Persons) (Unit: Persons) 30,000 27,714 100,000 30,000 5.0% 25,490 93,329 24,488 92,444 23,611 95,000 92,109 25,000 23,107 90,445 90,000 87,203 25,000 3.9% 「国 4.0% 20,000 流の 3.6% 85,000 定訳 め仮 15,000 80,000 20,000 3.0% 2.9% 6,962 H23’11 H24 ’12 H25 ’13 H26 ’14 H27 ’15 (FY) H23’11 H24 ’12 H25 ’13 H26 ’14 H27’15 (FY) 3.0% 6,283 Note: Only national universities Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Overview of International Research Exchange” (FY2015) issued by MEXT 15,000 2.2% 6,911 5,578 The number of researchers both accepted and sent 2.0% 4,769 is increasing. 10,000 15,467 14,132 No. of Non-Japanese Teachers 11,525 1.0% 5,000 10,392 8,350 (Unit: Persons) 2,788 3,000 2,574 2,329 2,500 0 0.0% 1,997 2,000 1,770 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (FY) 1,474 1,503 1,551 1,500 Undergraduate Graduate 1,000 Note: Figures for FY2011 and FY2012 show the share of students studying abroad (not limited to Japanese students). The denominator is the total number of students as of May 1 of the year. Figures for FY2013 and 500 subsequent years show the share of students studying abroad (limited to Japanese students). The denominator is [No. of students as of May 1 of the year – No. of non-Japanese students] 0 H162004 2006H18 2008H20 2010H22 2012H24 2014H26 2015H27 2016H28 (FY) Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “The 4th Follow-up Survey Results on the Further Note 1: Only national universities Promotion of Educational Internationalization at National Universities” (2016) issued by JANU Note 2: The figures here are for full-time teachers in “Basic School Survey” Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “School Basics Survey” (each year) issued by MEXT

The number and rate of both undergraduate and The number of non-Japanese teachers is increasing graduate students studying abroad is increasing. every year. World University Rankings

1. Overall 2. Overall THE (Times Higher Education), UK Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China 2016-2017 University Country, etc. 2016-2017 University Country, etc. 1 University of Oxford United Kingdom 1 Harvard University United States 2 California Institute of Technology United States 2 Stanford University United States 3 Stanford University United States 3 University of California, Berkeley United States 4 University of Cambridge United Kingdom 4 University of Cambridge United Kingdom 5 Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States 5 Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States 6 Harvard University United States 6 Princeton University United States 7 Princeton University United States 7 University of Oxford United Kingdom 8 Imperial College United Kingdom 8 California Institute of Technology United States ETH Zurich – Swiss Federal Institute of 9 Switzerland 9 Columbia University United States Technology Zurich 10 University of Chicago United States 10 University of California, Berkeley United States 20 The University of Tokyo Japan 10 University of Chicago United States 32 Kyoto University Japan 24 National University of Singapore Singapore 40 The University of Melbourne Australia 29 Peking University China 58 Tsinghua University China 39 The University of Tokyo Japan 71 Peking University China 43 The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 72 Nagoya University Japan 72 National University 96 Osaka University Japan 91 Kyoto University Japan 101-150 Seoul National University South Korea 201-250 Tohoku University Japan 101-150 Shanghai Jiao Tong University China 251-300 Osaka University Japan 101-150 Tohoku University Japan 251-300 Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Academic Ranking of World Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “Times Higher Education World Universities 2016” University Rankings 2016-17”

Two Japanese universities ranked in the world top 100. Four Japanese universities ranked in the world top 100.

3. By Subject 4. Japanese Universities QS (Quacquarelli Symonds Limited), UK THE (Times Higher Education) Chemistry Physics & Astronomy 2017 University Category Country, Country, 2017 University 2017 University 1 The University of Tokyo National etc. etc. Massachusetts Institute of Massachusetts Institute of 2 Tohoku University National 1 US 1 US Technology Technology 3 Kyoto University National 2 University of California, Berkeley US 2 Harvard University US 4 Nagoya University National 3 University of Cambridge UK 3 Stanford University US Tokyo Institute of 5 National 8 California Institute of Technology US 9 The University of Tokyo Japan Technology 10 The University of Tokyo Japan 16 Kyoto University Japan 6 Osaka University National 12 Peking University China Tokyo Institute of 7 Kyushu University National 29 Japan 15 Kyoto University Japan Technology 8 Hokkaido University National 17 Tsinghua University China 31 Tohoku University Japan 9 University of Tsukuba National 26 Osaka University Japan 33 Osaka University Japan 10 Waseda University Private 32 Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan 49 Nagoya University Japan 11 Keio University Private 33 National University Taiwan 12 Hiroshima University National 45 Tohoku University Japan Biological Science 13 Kobe University National Social Policy / Public Administration Country, 2017 University 14 National Country, etc. 2017 University International Christian etc. 1 Harvard University US 15 Private University 1 Harvard University US Massachusetts Institute of 2 US 16 Chiba University National 2 University of Oxford UK Technology Nagaoka University of London School of Economics and 3 University of Cambridge UK 17 National 3 UK Technology Political Science 12 The University of Tokyo Japan 9 The University of Tokyo Japan 18 Sophia University Private 15 Kyoto University Japan Hong 19 National 10 The University of Hong Kong Kong 47 Osaka University Japan 20 Akita International University Public 19 Peking University China Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on ＱＳ World University Rankings by Subject 2017. on THE World University Ranking - Japanese Universities 2017 Japanese universities are leading the world in natural science subjects and Of the top 20 universities, 15 are social science subjects. national universities. National University Hospitals

Total No. of Outpatients and New Inpatients Unit Price Paid by Outpatients and Inpatients (Unit: 1,000 persons) (Unit: 1,000 persons) (Unit: Yen) (Unit: Yen) 18,000 800 20,000 80000

17,000 600 15,000 60000 16,000 400 10,000 40000 15,000 200 14,000 5,000 20000

13,000 0 0 0 H16’04 H17’05 H18’06 H19’07 H20’08 H21’09 H22 ’10 H23’11 ’12H24 H25’13 H26’14 H27’15 (FY) ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 (FY) 外来患者延べ数（左軸）Total No. of outpatients (left) 新入院患者延べ数（右軸）Total No. of new inpatients (right) Unit price paid by outpatients (left) Unit price paid by inpatients (right) Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on JANU’s workshop documents The total number of both outpatients and new inpatients is increasing. The unit price paid by outpatients is also increasing as a result of decreased average days spent in hospital, etc.

Response to Medical Policies Shortage of Investment in Medical Equipment, etc.

Approval of Specific Function Hospitals 1400

7 National university hospital 1200 （8.3％） Public university hospital 28 41 （ ％） 1000 （33.3％） 48.8 Private university hospital 8 800 ▲ 512 （9.5％） Other ▲ ▲ 742 ▲ 681 658 ▲ 685 ▲729 Note: Based on the survey conducted by the Medical Education Division, MEXT (as of September 2016) 600 Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on JANU’s workshop documents 400 National universities account for approx. 50% of 658 approved specific function hospitals. 512 200 428 489 485 441

No. of Organ Transplants 0 H22 H23 H24 H25 H26 H27 379 National university hospital 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (FY) Amount診療機器等の取得額 paid for medical 投資不足額Shortage of investment （20.5％） Public university hospital equipment, etc. 1,076 343 Note 1: The amount paid for medical equipment, etc. shows the amount paid in each fiscal year. The amount （58.2％） Private university hospital is the total of medical equipment, administrative equipment, etc. that cost more than 500,000 yen and is used （18.651％） in the activities of university hospitals. Other Note 2: Assuming medical equipment is replaced after six years, approx. 117 billion yen needs to be invested （2.8％） every fiscal year. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on the financial statements of national university corporations (JANU’s workshop documents) Note 1: Based on the survey by the Japan Organ Transplant Network (total between Feb. 28, 1999 and Dec. 29, 2016) Note 2: Total may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on JANU’s workshop documents The function of university hospitals is decreasing due to 50 to 75 billion-yen underinvestment per fiscal year and National universities carry out approx. 60% of organ postponement of replacing necessary medical equipment, etc. transplants.

Financial Situation of National University Hospitals [except medical and dental schools] (Unit: 100M yen) Ordinary Expenditure Statistics (Unit: 100M yen) Ordinary Revenue Statistics 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 (FY) (FY) 2010 1,400 8,489 2010 126 5,470 3,806 411 9,813 481 10,370 2011 1,365 8,880 508 10,753 2011 159 5,771 3,985 392 10,307 2012 179 6,029 4,123 379 10,710 2012 1,226 9,314 577 11,117 2013 189 6,376 4,268 391 11,224 2013 1,201 9,652 667 11,520 2014 203 6,656 4,477 409 11,745 2014 1,305 9,925 708 11,938 2015 206 6,886 4,645 414 12,151 2015 1,303 10,369 746 12,418 Education & Research Medical care Labor Other Operational grant University hospital revenue Other Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2015 Financial Results of National University Corporations, etc.” issued by MEXT

Medical care expenditure has an increasing share of total ordinary expenditure in response to increasing needs for medical care, etc. National university hospital revenue has an increasing share of total ordinary revenue. Financial Situation

Budgets (National University Corporation Operational Grants, etc.) (Unit: 100M yen)

(FY) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 2004H16 9,785 741 581 1,305 12,415 2008H20 9,427 790 308 1,288 11,813 2012H24 9,304 1,000 63 999 11,366 2015H27 9,192 795 958 10,945 Ordinary一般運営費交付金 operational grant 特別運営費交付金Special operational grant 附属病院運営費交付金University hospital operational grant 特殊要因運営費交付金Special factor operational grant

2016H28 9,113 912 920 10,945 2017H29 9,092 861 973 45 10,970 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

基幹経費Basic cost 機能強化経費Function enhancement cost Special特殊要因運営費交付金 factor operational grant Function機能強化促進費 enhancement promotion cost Note 1: The figures above do not include special account budgets for disaster restoration. (Special account budgets for disaster restoration: 5.7B yen for FY2012, 1.1B yen for FY2013, 700M yen for FY2014, and 400M yen for FY2015) Note 2: The university hospital operational grant is nil since FY2013. Note 3: The budget for FY2015 shows figures after budget revision. Note 4: The budget for beyond FY2016 is for a three-term budget, which is shown here by dividing the basic operational grant into the basic cost and the function enhancement cost. Note 5: Function enhancement promotion cost is included for FY2017. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on on “National University Corporation Operational Grant Plan (90 Corporations Including Inter-University Research Institute Corporations” (each FY version) issued by MEXT

Financial Results (Ordinary Revenue) 1,059 2,153 1,936 （4.3％） 2,256 (6.9%) （7.9％） 運営費交付金収益Operational revenue 4,5074,272（7.9％） 3,560 10,820 附属病院収益University hospital revenue （(14.4%)13.4％） （14.6％） 2004 11,654 2015 （34.6％） （ ％） 47.7 学生納付金収益Tuition revenue 3,4073,433 24,454 (11.0%) 競争的資金等Competitive funds, etc. （11.0％） 31,293 6,245 （25.5％） その他Other 9,93910,380 (Unit: 100M yen) （33.2(33.2%)％）

Note 1: Operational grants, etc. are recorded as a liability upon receipt, then sequentially transferred to a revenue account with the assumed progress of education, research, and other activities. Note 2: Competitive funds, etc. for FY2004 show the total amount of subsidies, contracted research revenue, donations, research institution revenue, and other revenues. Competitive funds etc. for FY2015 show the total amount of subsidies, contracted research revenue, donations, and research-related revenue. Note 3: Total may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2004 Financial Statements of National University Corporations” and “FY2015 Financial Results, etc. of National University Corporations, etc.” issued by MEXT Operational grant and tuition revenue have decreasing shares of total ordinary revenue. University hospital revenue from medical fees, etc. has increased (but the earning rate has decreased due to the consumption tax hike). The share of competitive funds, etc. has also increased.

Financial Results (Ordinary Expenditure)

1,039 1,754 1,836 教育経費Education 1,773 （4.4％） （5.7％） （7.8％） 2,332 （5.7％）3,440 研究経費Research （9.9％） （10.8％）

診療経費Medical care (including labor costs in university 10,190 2004 hospitals) 2015 （病院人件費を含む） （33.0％） 10,098 7,235 受託研究費等 23,622 Contracted research, etc. （42.7％） （ ％） 30,901 30.6 11,542 人件費Labor (excluding university hospitals) （37.4％） 1,082 （附属病院以外） 2,302 （7.4％） （4.6％） 一般管理費等General administration

(Unit: 100M yen)

Source: Created by the Secretariat of JANU based on “FY2004 Financial Statements of National University Corporations” and “FY2015 Financial Results, etc. of National University Corporations, etc.” issued by MEXT Medical care costs account for an increasing share of total ordinary expenditure in response to increasing needs for medical care at university hospitals, but the share of labor cost is decreasing. Administrative cost has been reduced by energy saving, etc.

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