Ultimate Learning Experience (P) LTD IAS SOCIO - ECONOMIC GS TSP 2014 DIRECTION STUDENTS ONLY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR IAS EXAM. • The overall growth of GDP at factor cost at constant (2004-05) prices (real GDP) for 2013-14 is placed at 4.9 per cent as compared to 4.5 per cent for 2012-13 (as per the Advance Estimates released on 7th February, 2014). The GDP growth rate is placed at 4.4 per cent, 4.8 per cent and 4.7 per cent respectively in the first, second and third quarters of 2013-14. Growth in the first three quarters of 2013-14 is, thus, 4.6 per cent. • Food grains (rice and wheat) stocks held by FCI and State agencies were 55.91 million tonnes as on February 1, 2014 vis-à-vis the buffer stock norm of 25 million tonnes on January 1, 2014. • Overall growth in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) was 0.1 per cent during January 2014 as compared to 2.5 per cent in January 2013. During April- January 2013-14, IIP shows nil growth vis-à-vis 1.0 per cent growth during April- January 2012-13. • Eight core infrastructure industries registered a growth of 1.6 per cent in January 2014 as compared to a growth of 8.3 per cent in January 2013. During April- January 2013-14, these sectors grew by 2.4 per cent as compared to 6.9 per cent during April- January 2012-13. • Broad money (M3) for 2013-14 (up to February 21, 2014) increased by 11.7 per cent as compared to 11.0 per cent during the corresponding period of the last year. The year-on-year growth, as on February 21, 2014 was 14.5 per cent as compared to 12.7 per cent in the previous year. • Exports and imports decreased by 3.7 per cent and 17.1 per cent respectively, in US dollar terms during February 2014 over February 2013. • Foreign Currency Assets stood at US$ 267.9 billion at end-February 2014 as compared to US$ 258.7 billion at end-February 2013. • The Rupee depreciated against US dollar, Pound sterling, Japanese yen and Euro in the month of February 2014 over January 2014. • The WPI inflation for all commodities for the month of February 2014 has declined to 4.68 per cent from 5.05 per cent in the previous month. • Grosswww. tax revenue for the financialdirectionias.com year 2013-14 (April-January) was Rs 821,329 crore, recorded a growth of 10 per cent over 2012-13. As a proportion of revised estimate, fiscal deficit and revenue deficit during 2013-14 (April–January) was 101.6 per cent and 102.3 per cent respectively. As per the Advance Estimates of the Central Statistics Office (CSO), the growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at factor cost at constant (2004-05 prices) is estimated at 4.9 per cent in 2013-14 with agriculture, industry and services registering growth rates of 4.6 per cent, 0.7 per cent and 6.9 per cent respectively. The GDP growth rate is placed at 4.4 per cent, 4.8 per cent and 4.7 per cent respectively in the first, second and third quarters of 2013-14. 1 Ultimate Learning Experience (P) LTD IAS SOCIO - ECONOMIC GS TSP 2014 DIRECTION STUDENTS ONLY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR IAS EXAM. Economic reforms initiated since 1991 have put the Indian economy on a higher growth trajectory. Annual growth rate in the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has accelerated from below 6 per cent during the initial years of reforms to more than 8 per cent in recent years. The Planning Commission in its approach paper to the Eleventh Five- Year-plan has stated that 9 per cent growth rate in GDP would be feasible during the Eleventh Plan period. However, Agriculture, that accounted for more than 30 per cent of total GDP at the beginning of reforms, failed to maintain its pre-reform growth. On the contrary, it witnessed a sharp deceleration in growth after the mid-1990s. This happened despite the fact that agricultural productivity in most of the states was quite low as it were, and the potential for the growth of agriculture was high. The GDP of agriculture increased annually at more than 3 per cent during the 1980s. Since the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996 to 2001-02), India has been targeting a growth rate of more than 4 per cent in agriculture, but the actual achievement has been much below the target. More than 50 per cent of the workforce of the country still depends upon agriculture for it’s livelihood. Slow growth in Agriculture and allied sectors can lead to acute stress in the economy because the population dependent upon this sector is still very large. A major cause behind the slow growth in agriculture is the consistent decrease in investments in the sector by the state governments. While public and private investments are increasing manifold in sectors such as infrastructure, similar investments are not forthcoming in Agriculture and allied sectors, leading to distress in the community of farmers, especially that of the small and marginal segment. Hence the need for incentivising states that increase their investments in the Agriculture and allied sectors has been felt. Concerned by the slow growth in the Agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council (NDC), in its meeting held on 29th May, 2007 resolved that a special Additional Central Assistance Scheme (RKVY) be launched. The NDC resolved that agricultural development strategies must be reoriented to meet the needs of farmers and called upon the Central and State governments to evolve a strategy to rejuvenate agriculture. The NDC reaffirmed its commitment to achieve 4 per cent annual growth in the agricultural sector during the 11th plan. The Resolution with respect to the Additional Central Assistance scheme reads as below: Introduce a new Additional Central Assistance scheme to incentivise States to draw up plans for their agriculture sector morewww. comprehensively, taking directionias.com agro-climatic conditions, natural resource issues and technology into account, and integrating livestock, poultry and fisheries more fully. This will involve a new scheme for Additional Central Assistance to State Plans, administered by the Union Ministry of Agriculture over and above its existing Centrally Sponsored schemes, to supplement the State-specific strategies including special schemes for beneficiaries of land reforms. The newly created National Rainfed Area Authority will on request assist States in planning for rainfed areas. The Department of Agriculture, in compliance of the above resolution and in consultation with the Planning Commission, has prepared the guidelines for the RKVY scheme · The Vegetable Initiative for Urban clusters · Programme of Integrated development of 60,000 Pulses Villages in Rainfed Area 2 Ultimate Learning Experience (P) LTD IAS SOCIO - ECONOMIC GS TSP 2014 DIRECTION STUDENTS ONLY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR IAS EXAM. · Extending Green Revolution to eastern India · Special Programme on Oil Palm Area Expansion(OPAE) · Rainfed Area Development Programme(RADP) Majors Crops Rice : Ist ranking crop of country • 23 per cent of total cropped area under rice • Aus, Auman , Boro are three rice Crops of autumn ,winter and summer respectively Leading Producers • West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Orissa, Assam Areal Coverage • Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu • Broad cost, drill and transplant method of Sowing • HYVs – IR8, IRS, IR20, IR22 • Other taichung Native ,Taichung 242 ,Tinan 3 Sabarmati , Bala , Jamuna , Karuna, KanchiJaganath , Krishna , Kavery,Hansa Padma Vijai,Annapurna • 100cm isohyte marks the areal termination Wheat : 2nd prominent crop • Chief Rabi and irrigated crop (85% Cropped area) • 18 Percent of total cropped area under wheat • North West Ganga Sutlej plain and central Deccan Black soil • Leading Producers: Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh West Bengal, Maharashtra • Areal Coverage: Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh., Haryan,Rajasthan,Bihar,Maharashtra ,West Bengal Types of Wheat Cultivated in India : - Commamwww. Bread - Punjab, Uttar directionias.com Pradesh - Macaroni (Durum) - Madhya Pradesh - Emmer - Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu - India Dwar - Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh • HYVs - Mexican, Lerma Rajo, Sonera 63/64, Sona 227, Kalyan, Sonalika ,Safed Lerma Shrabati Sonera Jowar : 3rd Rank (both Kharif and rabi) • 5.2 Percent of cropped area under jowar • lost land due to soyabean and wheat encroachment Grown throughout peninsula • Maharastra 50.1% of area and 51.7% Production • Other Region Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu Madhya Pradesh 3 Ultimate Learning Experience (P) LTD IAS SOCIO - ECONOMIC GS TSP 2014 DIRECTION STUDENTS ONLY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR IAS EXAM. • Average Yield 716 Kg/hec. Bajara: • Inferior millet crop • 5 Percent of cropped area • Mostly cultivated as Kharif Crop • Areas has remained constant • Rajasthan (28.9%) ,Uttar Pradesh Maharastra ,Gujrat ,Haryana • Yield 456 kg/hec. Maize: 3.5 % of cropped area • Area production has increased • Cultivated through out the country (Kharif) • Yield 1694 kg/hec • Producer: Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra, M.P., Rajasthan Pulses: Main source of protein 37% of Production • 30.20 Percent of Cultivated total area • Leguminous crop • Tur, Urad, Moong, Moth (Kharif) • Gram, Peas, Tur, Masoor, Urad (Rabi) • Gram Principal Pulse crop – Madhya Pradesh,Uttar Pradesh,Rajasthan , Haryana , Punjab. • Tur - Maharastra, Uttar Pradesh • Total Pulses Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,Maharastra. Sugarcane: irrigated crop, cheaper in Northern Plains • Subtropical and Tropical crop Producers: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, TamilNadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat. • Yield 65,383 kg/hec (Higher in South India) • 50% utilized for gur , Khandsari Tobacco: 3rdwww. ranking producing directionias.comcountry, World total 8% • Types of Cultivation - Nicotiana Tobacco - Nicotiana Rustica Producers :Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh 68% of Production 67% of area, other Uttar Pradesh Karnataka, W.B, Bihar and Yield 1340 Kg/hec.