DOCSLIB.ORG

Page 1 Every Star on This Page Equals 2,000 Years. the Hawaiian

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Page 1 Every Star on This Page Equals 2,000 Years. the Hawaiian Every star on this page equals 2,000 years. The Hawaiian honeycreepers ancestors arrived 5,000,000 years ago. The massive extinction of Hawaii s endemic birds began only 1,700 years ago when the first humans arrived! ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** ************************************************** TIMELINE OF HAWAII S ENDEMIC NATIVE LAND BIRD SPECIES EXTINCTIONS RED= 21 ENDANGERED SPECIES PRE HUM AN (111 sp) BY 1778 (54 sp) BY 1960 (37 sp) BY 2000 (28 sp) BY 2020? Flightless Ibis #1 Nene Nene Nene Flightless Ibis #2 Laysan Duck Laysan Duck Laysan Duck Flightless Ibis#3 Hawaiian Duck Hawaiian Duck Hawaiian Duck Moa Nalo #1 Laysan Rail Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot Moa Nalo #2 Haw aiian Ra il Haw aiian Stilt Haw aiian Stilt Moa Nalo #1 Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Hawk Hawaiian Hawk Moa Nalo #1 Haw aiian Stilt Hawaiian Crow Hawaiian Crow Branta Sp #1 Hawaiian Hawk Millerbird Millerbird Brata Sp #2 Hawaiian Crow Puaiohi Puaiohi Goose #1 Millerbird Kamao Laysan Finch Goose #2 Puaiohi Olomao Nihoa Finch Goose #3 Kamao Omao Palila Rail #1 Olomao Kauai OO Maui Parro tbill Rail #2 Omao Laysan Finch Akiapolau Rail #3 Kauai OO Nihoa Finch Kauai Creeper Rail #4 Oahu OO Palila Hawaii Creeper Rail #5 Bishops OO Poouli Maui Creeper Rail #6 Hawaii OO Ou Kauai Akepa Rail #7 Kioea Maui Parro tbill Hawaii Akepa Rail #8 Laysan Finch Akiapolau Anianiau Rail #9 Nihoa Finch Anianiau Crested Honeycreeper Rail #10 Palila Kauai Amakihi Kauai Amakihi Coot #1 Kona Grossbeak Hawaii Amakihi Hawaii Amakihi Eagle Greater Koa Finch Oahu Amakihi Oahu Amakihi Buteo Lesser Koa Finch Kauai Akialoa Iiwi Harrier Poouli Kauai Creeper Apapane Owl 1 Ou Oahu Creeper Omao Owl 2 Lanai H ookbill Molokai Creeper Elepaio Owl 3 Maui Parro tbill Hawaii Creeper Owl 4 Oahu Nukupuu Maui Creeper Crow 1 Akiapolau Kauai Akepa Crow 2 Anianiau Maui Akepa Crow 3 Kauai Amakihi Hawaii Akepa Thrush 1 Hawaii Amakihi Iiwi Honeyeater 1 Oahu Amakihi Apapane Honeyeater 2 Oahu Akialoa Crested Honeycreeper Honeyeater 3 Lanai Akialoa Elepaio Finch 1 Kauai Akialoa Finch 2 Hawaii Akialoa Finch 3 Kauai Creeper Finch 4 Oahu Creeper Finch 5 Molokai Creeper Finch 6 Hawaii Creeper Finch 7 Maui Creeper Finch 8 Kauai Akepa Finch 9 Oahu akepa Finch 10 Maui Akepa Finch 11 Hawaii Akepa Finch 12 Greater Amakihi Finch 13 Iiwi Finch 14 Apapane Finch 15 Crested Honeycreeper Finch 16 Ula Ai Hawane Finch 17 Elepaio Finch 18 Finch 19 Finch 20 Nene Laysan Duck Hawaiian Duck Laysan Rail Haw aiian Ra il Hawaiian Coot Haw aiian Stilt Hawaiian Hawk Hawaiian Crow Millerbird Puaiohi Kamao Olomao Omao Kauai OO Oahu OO Bishops OO Hawaii OO Kioea Laysan Finch Nihoa Finch Palila Kona Grossbeak Greater Koa Finch Lesser Koa Finch Poouli Ou Lanai H ookbill Maui Parro tbill Oahu Nukupuu Akiapolau Anianiau Kauai Amakihi Hawaii Amakihi Oahu Amakihi Oahu Akialoa Lanai Akialoa Kauai Akialoa Hawaii Akialoa Kauai Creeper Oahu Creeper Molokai Creeper Hawaii Creeper Maui Creeper Kauai Akepa Oahu akepa Maui Akepa Hawaii Akepa Greater Amakihi Iiwi Apapane Crested Honeycreeper Ula Ai Hawane Elepaio.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Relationships Among Native and Alien Plants on Pacific Islands with and Without Significant Human Disturbance and Feral Ungulates
    RELATIONSHIPS AMONG NATIVE AND ALIEN PLANTS ON PACIFIC ISLANDS WITH AND WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT HUMAN DISTURBANCE AND FERAL UNGULATES Mark D. Merlin and James 0. Juvik ABSTRACT The native plants of remote tropical islands have been frequently characterized as poor competitors against seemingly more aggressive alien species.. Does this "weak competitor" characterization relate to some real adaptive consequences of island isolation and endemism, or does the generally concurrent presence of introduced ungulates and other forms of recurrent human disturbance also act to encourage alien plant dominance? A comparison of tropical islands with and without introduced ungulates suggests that some insular plant species competitively resist alien displacement in the absence of ungulates. INTRODUCTION For millions of years remote tropical islands in the Pacific Ocean have provided a variety of ecological opportunities for plant species that reached them through long-distance dispersal mechanisms. Many species that successfully established themselves on far-flung oceanic islands gave rise to extraordinary endemic forms, examples of adaptive radiation, and unusual adaptive shifts. Evolutionary developments occurred on isolated islands largely because of the limited numbers and kinds of colonizing taxa and varying environmental diversity within islands or groups of islands. Among the structural and physiological adaptations that frequently occur in remote island environments is the disappearance of typical defensive mechanisms such as poisons, strong odors, thorns, deep tap roots, and tough stems and branches in insular plant species. Some of these adaptations left many species especially vulnerable to a variety of alien ungulates introduced in the historic period (Fosberg 1965; Mangenot 1965; Mueller-Dombois 1975). In the Hawaiian Islands, for example, only a very small fraction of the endemic species of plants produce poisons, thorns, or other defensive strategies against herbivory (Carlquist 1974, 1980).
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Animals in Hawaii's Native Ecosystems: Toward Controlling The
    ALIEN ANIMALS IN HAWAI!IfS NATIVE ECOSYSTEMS: TOWARD CONTROLLING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF INTRODUCED VERTEBRATES Charles P. Stone ABSTRACT The adverse effects of introduced birds and mam- mals on native taxa and ecosystems in Hawaifi have been long term, widespread, and severe. Impacts began at least 1,500 years ago with colonization by the Poly- nesians and their flora and fauna, and continued with their increasingly severe disturbance to the landscape, especially below 500 m elevation. Problems accelerated with the arrival of continental man in 1778, and con- tinue to the present day with suspected deliberate re- leases of birds that threaten native species as re- cently as 1982. Alien vertebrates can affect native biota through predation, competition, depredation, and habitat degradation. Negative impacts can be subtle or dramatic, but evidence of importance is manifested in large percentages of extinct and rare taxa. In this paper, adverse effects of major bird and mammal intro- ductions are outlined where possible for islands, vege- tation zones, and rare taxa. Although much remains to be learned, suggestions for reducing negative effects of alien vertebrates can be made. These include: En- forcement of efficient quarantine procedures; suffi- cient support for enduring and complete vertebrate dam- age control programs (including research, management, and monitoring) on lands managed for preservation of native Hawaiian ecosystems and taxa; development of multiple and adaptable methods of vertebrate damage reduction; preservation and management of the most in- tact areas remaining in Hawai'i; and cooperation and communication among the agencies and special interest groups (including developers and conservationists) in land use planning on regional bases.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of Hawaii Reefs
    11 Geology of Hawaii Reefs Charles H. Fletcher, Chris Bochicchio, Chris L. Conger, Mary S. Engels, Eden J. Feirstein, Neil Frazer, Craig R. Glenn, Richard W. Grigg, Eric E. Grossman, Jodi N. Harney, Ebitari Isoun, Colin V. Murray-Wallace, John J. Rooney, Ken H. Rubin, Clark E. Sherman, and Sean Vitousek 11.1 Geologic Framework The eight main islands in the state: Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe , Lanai , Molokai , Oahu , Kauai , of the Hawaii Islands and Niihau , make up 99% of the land area of the Hawaii Archipelago. The remainder comprises 11.1.1 Introduction 124 small volcanic and carbonate islets offshore The Hawaii hot spot lies in the mantle under, or of the main islands, and to the northwest. Each just to the south of, the Big Island of Hawaii. Two main island is the top of one or more massive active subaerial volcanoes and one active submarine shield volcanoes (named after their long low pro- volcano reveal its productivity. Centrally located on file like a warriors shield) extending thousands of the Pacific Plate, the hot spot is the source of the meters to the seafloor below. Mauna Kea , on the Hawaii Island Archipelago and its northern arm, the island of Hawaii, stands 4,200 m above sea level Emperor Seamount Chain (Fig. 11.1). and 9,450 m from seafloor to summit, taller than This system of high volcanic islands and asso- any other mountain on Earth from base to peak. ciated reefs, banks, atolls, sandy shoals, and Mauna Loa , the “long” mountain, is the most seamounts spans over 30° of latitude across the massive single topographic feature on the planet.
    [Show full text]
  • Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
    PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
    LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma
    [Show full text]
  • December 2011
    Volume 22, Number 6 December 2011 Price: $5.00 This Little Piggy… Hawai‘i’s Imperiled Species Receive t may star in GEICO commercials and be National Attention at Wildlife Convention Ifeatured in children’s nursery rhymes, but in Hawai‘i’s forests, there’s nothing ast month, The Wildlife Society, a cent watershed initiative. “We have to con- funny or cute about Sus scrofa, the wild pig Lnational association made up mostly of trol ungulates. Fencing and removal of ungu- that does more damage to Hawai‘i’s native specialists in the area of wildlife research lates, especially in watersheds, is a major part ecosystems than any other animal in the and management, held its annual conven- of our plan going forward,” Aila said. “We islands. tion at the Waikoloa resort, on the Big have made a conscious decision that in prior- And if anyone harbored doubts about it, Island. ity watersheds, we are going to double the they only had to sit through a few of the Over the four days of discussions and amount of fencing and protection.” many presentations at the recent symposia connected with the meeting, some Fencing, removal of introduced game convention of The Wildlife Society, held of the most respected names in Hawai‘i species, and restoration of habitat for native last month on the Big Island. Pigs directly biology took to the lectern, providing a largely wildlife was an undercurrent in nearly all of tear up trees and the forest floor. They mainland audience with their perspectives on the talks by Hawai‘i presenters.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIVE HAWAIIAN PRACTICES Permit Application
    Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Permit Application – Native Hawaiian Practices OMB Control # 0648-0548 Page 1 of 14 Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument NATIVE HAWAIIAN PRACTICES Permit Application NOTE: This Permit Application (and associated Instructions) are to propose activities to be conducted in the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. The Co-Trustees are required to determine that issuing the requested permit is compatible with the findings of Presidential Proclamation 8031. Within this Application, provide all information that you believe will assist the Co-Trustees in determining how your proposed activities are compatible with the conservation and management of the natural, historic, and cultural resources of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (Monument). ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT INFORMATION: • Any or all of the information within this application may be posted to the Monument website informing the public on projects proposed to occur in the Monument. • In addition to the permit application, the Applicant must either download the Monument Compliance Information Sheet from the Monument website OR request a hard copy from the Monument Permit Coordinator (contact information below). The Monument Compliance Information Sheet must be submitted to the Monument Permit Coordinator after initial application consultation. • Issuance of a Monument permit is dependent upon the completion and review of the application and Compliance Information Sheet. INCOMPLETE APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED Send Permit
    [Show full text]
  • Hawaii National Parte NATURE NOTES
    Hawaii National Parte NATURE NOTES V N o v L M U B M E E Q T T H M E E E E 1933 */£•£>. DEPAMMBNT 0F/Tlffi;lltol9Bgj OFFIC^OF NATIONAL PARKS^? HJIllffNGS,1 ANL RESERVATl6N£f 101W "'"*/?< 'HAWAII NATIONAL PARK V/f< NATURE NOTES f£j. Volume III May - Junfe, 1953 sNumber 2 Nature Notes from Hawaii National Park is % bimonthly pamphlej;N edited by the Park Naturalist, and distributed to those inJereswoT^^the 1 natural features of the park. Free copies may be oMained,^jointhe I office of the Park Naturalist, address, Hawaii National Pa^fc IlajTaii. Anyone desiring to use or publish articles appearing in Naiarre^'Notes may do so. Please give credit to the author end pamphlet. #J%i{$i\. E. G. Wine-ate, Superintendent John E. DaerirJ/Jr, Park Naturalist TABLE OF CONTENTSy |W Nene - The Hawaiian Goose $/ ffl AW ' by John iS. Doorr, Jr. Rocks in Hawaii National'Park - Volcanic Glass, A Common Rock yd^y^y J°hn E. Doerr, Jr. Credit for the diagrarnii^h'pages 23,25,27, and 37 is due S& /V Nancy Elliott Poerr -23- nEnEr THE tnutourtN GOOS£r Introduction. Hawaii has seldom if ever experienced seeing the famous flying-wedge' formation of a flock of geese.. The "honk- honk-k'wonk" of the" Canada Goose migrating southward across a fall sky or northward*with the spring is not heard in Hav7aii.(l) Perhaps - centuries ago - the "honk-honk-k'wbnk" of geese did announce the fall arrival and the spring departure of feathered visitors along the shores of the islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard Papers in the Biological Sciences 2010 Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World: Tribe Anserini (Swans and True Geese) Paul A. Johnsgard University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans Part of the Ornithology Commons Johnsgard, Paul A., "Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World: Tribe Anserini (Swans and True Geese)" (2010). Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard. 5. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Tribe Anserini (Swans and True Geese) MAP 10. Breeding (hatching) and wintering (stippling) distributions of the mute swan, excluding introduced populations. Drawing on preceding page: Trumpeter Swan brownish feathers which diminish with age (except MuteSwan in the Polish swan, which has a white juvenile Cygnus alar (Cmelin) 1789 plumage), and the knob over the bill remains small through the second year of life. Other vernacular names. White swan, Polish swan; In the field, mute swans may be readily iden­ Hockerschwan (German); cygne muet (French); tified by their knobbed bill; their heavy neck, usu­ cisne mudo (Spanish). ally held in graceful curve; and their trait of swim­ ming with the inner wing feathers raised, especially Subspecies and range.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the N'n' Or Hawaiian Goose
    Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the N‘n‘ or Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvicensis) (First Revision, July 2004) (Original Approval: 1983) Region 1 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Portland, Oregon Approved: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Date: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the N‘n‘ July 2004 DISCLAIMER Recovery plans delineate reasonable actions that are believed to be required to recover and/or protect listed species. We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, publish recovery plans, sometimes with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State agencies, and other affected and interested parties. Objectives will be attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans do not obligate other parties to undertake specific actions and may not represent the views nor the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in recovery plan formulation, other than our own. They represent our official position only after they have been signed by the Regional Director or Director as approved. Recovery plans are reviewed by the public and submitted to additional peer review before we adopt them as approved final documents. Approved recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery actions. NOTICE OF COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Permission to use copyrighted illustrations and images in the revised draft version of this recovery plan has been granted by the copyright holders. These illustrations are not placed in the public domain by their appearance herein.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 NIHOA ISLAND TRIP REPORT, 21-29 SEPTEMBER 2013 To
    NIHOA ISLAND TRIP REPORT, 21-29 SEPTEMBER 2013 To: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge, Honolulu, Hawai‘i. From: Sheldon Plentovich, Chris Farmer, Joshua Fisher, Holly Freifeld, and Rachel Rounds Recommended Citation: Plentovich, S., C. Farmer, J. Fisher, H. Freifeld, and R. Rounds. 2013. Nihoa Island biological monitoring and management, 21-29 September 2013. Unpublished report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY We conducted Variable Circular Plot surveys for Nihoa Millerbird (Acrocephalus familiaris) and the Nihoa Finch (Telespiza ultima) 23-28 September 2013 at 60 points. There were 270 Millerbird and 569 Nihoa Finch detections, with a range of 0 - 6 and 1 - 9 respectively. The detection rate of Millerbirds increased sharply between 2012 and 2013, suggesting there might have been an increase in this species. Conversely, the detection rate of Nihoa Finches declined, suggesting this species might have declined. The U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources Division is completing a report that will compare population estimates from the distance-based strip-transect and variable circular plot methods performed in 2012. Six banded Nihoa Millerbirds were resighted. Fourteen seabird species were observed on Nihoa and 13 of the 14 were nesting or had fledglings. Three species of migratory shorebirds were observed. Fifteen native plant species were found and appeared healthy. A total of 25 grey bird locusts (Schistocerca nitens) were observed during passerine surveys. A single non-native sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus) was detected and removed. The plant was located down slope from Cluster 2, about 100 meters above our campsite, with a little bit of green growth still present.
    [Show full text]
  • Engelsk Register
    Danske navne på alverdens FUGLE ENGELSK REGISTER 1 Bearbejdning af paginering og sortering af registret er foretaget ved hjælp af Microsoft Excel, hvor det har været nødvendigt at indlede sidehenvisningerne med et bogstav og eventuelt 0 for siderne 1 til 99. Tallet efter bindestregen giver artens rækkefølge på siden.
    [Show full text]