DOCSLIB.ORG

NEO-NAZISM: United Nations Anti-Nazi Resolution and Falsification of History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NEO-NAZISM: United Nations Anti-Nazi Resolution and Falsification of History NEO-NAZISM: United Nations Anti-Nazi Resolution and Falsification of History Iran, Israel, Syria, Russia United in UN General Assembly Vote against Neo- Nazism By Carla Stea Theme: History, United Nations Global Research, January 22, 2012 22 January 2012 On December 19, 2011, in an extraordinary vote, Iran, Israel and Syria united in support of United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/66/460 on “Inadmissibility of Certain Practices That Contribute to Fuelling Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance.” The resolution was adopted by a majority vote of 134, with 24 opposed and 31 abstentions. Among the 32 co-sponsors of the Resolution were, notably, Iran, Syria, Belarus, the Russian Federation, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, India, Venezuela, Viet Nam. The resolution states: 4. “Expresses deep concern about the glorification of the Nazi movement and former members of the Waffen SS organization, including by erecting monuments and memorials and holding public demonstrations in the name of the glorification of the Nazi past, the Nazi movement and neo-Nazism, as well as by declaring or attempting to declare such members and those who fought against the anti-Hitler Coalition and collaborated with the Nazi movement participants in national liberation movements. 5. “Expresses concern at recurring attempts to desecrate or demolish monuments erected in remembrance of those who fought against Nazism during the Second World War, as well as to unlawfully exhume or remove the remains of such persons, and in this regard urges States to fully comply with their relevant obligations, inter alia, under Article 34 of Additional Protocol 1 to the Geneva Conventions of 1949. 8. Stresses that the practices described above do injustice to the memory of the countless victims of crimes against humanity committed in the Second World War, in particular those committed by the SS organizations and those who fought against the anti-Hitler coalition and collaborated with the Nazi movement, and poison the minds of young people, and that failure by States to effectively address such practices is incompatible with the obligation of States members of the United Nations under its Charter and is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the Organization.” In 1945 George Braziller published Michael Sayers and Albert E. Kahn’s “The Plot Against the Peace,” which documents, in chapter 6, the nazi doctrine’s explicitly defined policy of xenophobia and racial genocide against the Slavic peoples and the Jews: “Immediately after Hitler came to power, the Nazi government launched a systematic campaign aimed at the ultimate extermination of the Jewish | 1 population of the Third Reich…” But “It was against the Slav peoples, the traditional enemy of Pan-Germanism, that the policy of genocide was most extensively applied…’It will be one of the chief tasks of German statesmanship,’ Hitler told Hermann Rauschning, ‘for all time to prevent, by every means in our power, the further increase of the Slav races.’” (From “The Plot Against the Peace,” by Sayers and Kahn, 1945). By the end of World War II, in addition to the six million Jews exterminated by the Nazis, approximately 30 million Soviet citizens had been exterminated, only one third of whom had been soldiers. Former United States Justice Department Attorney John Loftus, in “America’s Nazi Secret,” ( Trine Day Press, 2010), describes this process in the town of Borissow, near Minsk, typical of the genocidal policies executed throughout Nazi occupied Europe, and throughout the Soviet Union. On page 27 he writes: “The roundup of Jews began at 3AM… The local police, bolstered by reinforcements from the neighboring town of Zembin, surrounded the ghetto… The killing went on throughout the day…Some of the guards raped the younger women before forcing them into the pits. Heads were smashed by rifle butts, and bodies were mutilated. Autopsies conducted after the war showed that some babies, out of sheer savagery or to save ammunition, had been thrown into the pits and buried alive….children were thrown into wells and hand grenades dropped down upon them, and Byelorussian policeman commanded by SS General Franz Kushel, swung infants by the heels and smashed their heads against rocks…..The SS claimed they were killing ten thousand Jews per week. …In all, about two thirds of the approximately 375,000 Jews who lived in Byelorussia before the Nazi invasion were swallowed up by the Holocaust…..Solomon Schiadow, one of the few inmates who escaped Koldichevo, later described conditions there: One day a Byelorussian caught a youngster looking at the sky as planes flew overhead, and accused the prisoner of attempting to signal enemy aircraft. The guard ordered several other Jews to hold the youth down over a table. He warned them that anyone who let go would replace the man at the table. He took out his knife and began to carve large steaks out of the living flesh of the young man, as if he were a butcher calmly working on a side of beef.” (Loftus, “America’s Nazi Secret”) The events described above, replicated throughout Europe, in the murders of more than 30 million people, describe Nazism, a doctrine so abhorrent that any attempt to legitimize it is to legalize slavery and genocide. Yet, this year, 2011, twenty-two members of the United Nations, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, France, Georgia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Albania, Belgium, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, voted to legalize the Nazi doctrine that perpetrated mass slavery and genocide of Jews and Slavs and numerous other groups the Nazis deemed inferior races. Even more remarkable in the voting record, is the consistency with which Iran, Syria and the Democratic Republic of Korea have voted together with Israel, year after year, after year to oppose the rehabilitation and glorification of Nazism, the Nazi past and neo-Nazism. It is indeed remarkable that the very same states that voted to permit the restoration of Nazism voted the following week to condemn Syria for human rights abuses. The appalling and willful indifference of 22 “developed” countries – indeed their condoning the horrors of Nazism, probably the worst scourge of atrocities in the history of the human species, must | 2 be considered the grossest hypocrisy when these same 22 countries sanctimoniously condemn Syria for human rights violations. If these 22 states tolerate the revival of Nazism, by what standard do they condemn Syria? Further, together with Israel, Iran voted to support A/66/460, prohibiting the resurrection of Nazi doctrine. Iran voted to oppose that very same Nazism which exterminated the entire population of Jews in Europe and the Soviet Union. But this is just the beginning of the disconnect. According to John Loftus (“America’s Nazi Secret”, page 83): “The United States Counter-Intelligence Corps’ primary task was to identify and arrest Nazi war criminals and key officials. But the denazification program was the responsibility of area military commanders… The Pentagon began smuggling top Nazi scientists into the United States under ‘Operation Paperclip,’ fraudulently identifying them… The recruitment of Nazi war criminals into the United States vastly expanded, and DP camps were scoured by the Operations Research Office of the Pentagon interested in the use of Nazi collaborators ‘in the hope of obtaining information of value in the event of an American invasion of Russia” (Loftus, 117). Harvard University was linked to this program. “The Harvard Institute for Russian Research was funded by OPC (Office of Poly Coordination)… The B-6 series of interviews, for example, covered such non-academic topics as the best method for dropping paratroopers, the utility of Nazi anti-partisan operations, the popularity of Nazi sponsored political organizations….Several of those interviewed candidly acknowledged that they had held positions in Nazi police or intelligence organization. One even admitted that he was hiding out because he was wanted as a major war criminal. Apparently they were more than willing to confess participation in criminal activities because they suspected that the person conducting the interview was more than just another Harvard researcher.” (Loftus, p. 118) Following the CIA overthrow of Premier Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran in 1953, and the military coup against democratically elected President Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala, the intelligence community “waited for a signal to begin making serious trouble for the Soviet Union, especially in the occupied countries of Eastern Europe.” “In 1955 the National Security Council issued NSC 5412/1 which stated: ‘In accordance with established policies, in areas dominated or threatened by international communism, develop underground resistance and facilitate covert and guerrilla operations…Specifically, such operations shall include any covert activities related to: propaganda, political action, economic warfare, direct action, including sabotage, antisabotage, demolition, escape and evasion and evacuation measures; assistance to underground resistance movements, guerrillas and refugee liberation groups; support of indigenous and anti-communist elements in threatened countries of the free world, deception plans and operations and all compatible activities necessary to accomplish the foregoing……The OPC authorized an operation designed to incite simultaneous revolts against Soviet authority in each of the major cities of Eastern Europe, which were to be followed by a civil war among the ethnic and religious minorities within the Soviet Union…. The OPC Nazi ‘liberation armies’ would be dropped in to attack the scattered Soviet garrisons. Roads, bridges and rail lines would be blown up or blocked to prevent the movement of Russian reinforcements. After the Soviets had been sufficiently weakened, NATO troops would be dispatched as a peacekeeping force with the declaration that they would remain only long enough to restore order and conduct | 3 democratic elections….A few years before President Truman had ordered a study prepared for an invasion of the Soviet Union.” (Loftus, p.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • British Responses to the Holocaust
    Centre for Holocaust Education British responses to the Insert graphic here use this to Holocaust scale /size your chosen image. Delete after using. Resources RESOURCES 1: A3 COLOUR CARDS, SINGLE-SIDED SOURCE A: March 1939 © The Wiener Library Wiener The © AT FIRST SIGHT… Take a couple of minutes to look at the photograph. What can you see? You might want to think about: 1. Where was the photograph taken? Which country? 2. Who are the people in the photograph? What is their relationship to each other? 3. What is happening in the photograph? Try to back-up your ideas with some evidence from the photograph. Think about how you might answer ‘how can you tell?’ every time you make a statement from the image. SOURCE B: September 1939 ‘We and France are today, in fulfilment of our obligations, going to the aid of Poland, who is so bravely resisting this wicked and unprovoked attack on her people.’ © BBC Archives BBC © AT FIRST SIGHT… Take a couple of minutes to look at the photograph and the extract from the document. What can you see? You might want to think about: 1. The person speaking is British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain. What is he saying, and why is he saying it at this time? 2. Does this support the belief that Britain declared war on Germany to save Jews from the Holocaust, or does it suggest other war aims? Try to back-up your ideas with some evidence from the photograph. Think about how you might answer ‘how can you tell?’ every time you make a statement from the sources.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Delegitimizing Jews and Israel in Iran's International Holocaust Cartoon Contest Rusi Jaspal, Ph.D. De Montfort University I
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Nottingham Trent Institutional Repository (IRep) Delegitimizing Jews and Israel in Iran’s International Holocaust Cartoon Contest Rusi Jaspal, Ph.D. De Montfort University In 2006, the Iranian government-aligned newspaper Hamshahri sponsored The International Holocaust Cartoon Contest. The stated aim of the contest was to denounce “Western hypocrisy on freedom of speech,” and to challenge “Western hegemony” in relation to Holocaust knowledge. This government-backed initiative was a clear attempt to export the Iranian regime’s anti-Zionist agenda. Using qualitative thematic analysis and Social Representations Theory, this article provides an in-depth qualitative analysis of the cartoons submitted to the contest in order to identify emerging social representations of Jews and Israel. Three superordinate themes are outlined: (i) “Constructing the ‘Evil Jew’ and ‘Brutal Israel’ as a Universal Threat”; (ii) “Denying the Holocaust and Affirming Palestinian Suffering”; (iii) “Constructing International Subservience to ‘Nazi-Zionist’ Ideology”. Although the organizers of the International Holocaust Cartoon Contest claimed that their aims were anti-Zionist, this article elucidates the overtly anti- Semitic character of the contest and its cartoons. It is argued that the cartoons exhibit a distorted, one-sided version of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and of Jewish history, and may therefore shape viewers’ beliefs concerning Jews and Israel in fundamentally negative ways, with negative outcomes for intergroup relations and social harmony. CITING THIS ARTICLE Jaspal, R. (in press). Delegitimizing Jews and Israel in Iran’s International Holocaust Cartoon Contest. Journal of Modern Jewish Studies CORRESPONDENCE Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Untitled
    The Journal of Perpetrator Research (JPR) is an Issue Editors inter-disciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access Dr Susanne C. Knittel (Utrecht University) journal committed to promoting the scholarly Dr Stéphanie Benzaquen-Gautier study of perpetrators of mass killings, political (University of Nottingham) violence, and genocide. The journal fosters scholarly discussions General Editors about perpetrators and perpetratorship across Dr Susanne C. Knittel (Utrecht University) the broader continuum of political violence. Dr Emiliano Perra (University of Winchester) JPR does not confine its attention to any Dr Uğur Ümit Üngör (Utrecht University) particular region or period. Instead, its mission is to provide a forum for analysis of perpetrators Advisory Board of genocide, mass killing and political violence Dr Stephanie Bird (UCL) via research taking place within the fields of Dr Tomislav Dulic (Uppsala University) history, criminology, law, forensics, cultural Prof. Mary Fulbrook (UCL) studies, sociology, anthropology, philosophy, Prof. Alexander L. Hinton (Rutgers University) memory studies, psychology, politics, litera- Prof. A. Dirk Moses (University of Sydney) ture, film studies and education. In providing Prof. Alette Smeulers (University of Tilburg) this interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary Prof. Sue Vice (University of Sheffield) space the journal moves academic research on Prof. James Waller (Keene State College) this topic beyond, and between, disciplinary boundaries to provide a forum in which robust Copyeditor and interrogative research and cross-curricular Sofía Forchieri (Utrecht University) discourse can stimulate lively intellectual en- gagement with perpetrators. Layout & Typesetting JPR thus not only addresses issues related Sofía Forchieri (Utrecht University) to perpetrators in the past but also responds Dr Kári Driscoll (Utrecht University) to present challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • Filming the End of the Holocaust War, Culture and Society
    Filming the End of the Holocaust War, Culture and Society Series Editor: Stephen McVeigh, Associate Professor, Swansea University, UK Editorial Board: Paul Preston LSE, UK Joanna Bourke Birkbeck, University of London, UK Debra Kelly University of Westminster, UK Patricia Rae Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada James J. Weingartner Southern Illimois University, USA (Emeritus) Kurt Piehler Florida State University, USA Ian Scott University of Manchester, UK War, Culture and Society is a multi- and interdisciplinary series which encourages the parallel and complementary military, historical and sociocultural investigation of 20th- and 21st-century war and conflict. Published: The British Imperial Army in the Middle East, James Kitchen (2014) The Testimonies of Indian Soldiers and the Two World Wars, Gajendra Singh (2014) South Africa’s “Border War,” Gary Baines (2014) Forthcoming: Cultural Responses to Occupation in Japan, Adam Broinowski (2015) 9/11 and the American Western, Stephen McVeigh (2015) Jewish Volunteers, the International Brigades and the Spanish Civil War, Gerben Zaagsma (2015) Military Law, the State, and Citizenship in the Modern Age, Gerard Oram (2015) The Japanese Comfort Women and Sexual Slavery During the China and Pacific Wars, Caroline Norma (2015) The Lost Cause of the Confederacy and American Civil War Memory, David J. Anderson (2015) Filming the End of the Holocaust Allied Documentaries, Nuremberg and the Liberation of the Concentration Camps John J. Michalczyk Bloomsbury Academic An Imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc LONDON • OXFORD • NEW YORK • NEW DELHI • SYDNEY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2014 Paperback edition fi rst published 2016 © John J.
    [Show full text]
  • Fascist Legacies: the Controversy Over Mussolini’S Monuments in South Tyrol
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, Department of History History, Department of 2013 Fascist Legacies: The Controversy over Mussolini’s Monuments in South Tyrol Gerald Steinacher University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historyfacpub Steinacher, Gerald, "Fascist Legacies: The Controversy over Mussolini’s Monuments in South Tyrol" (2013). Faculty Publications, Department of History. 144. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historyfacpub/144 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Department of History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Gerald Steinacher* Fascist Legacies:1 Th e Controversy over Mussolini’s Monuments in South Tyrol2 Th e northern Italian town of Bolzano (Bozen in German) in the western Dolomites is known for breathtaking natural landscapes as well as for its medieval city centre, gothic cathedral, and world-famous mummy, Ötzi the Iceman, which is on dis- play at the local archaeological museum. At the same time, Bolzano’s more recent history casts a shadow over the town. Th e legacy of fascism looms large in the form of Ventennio fascista-era monuments such as the Victory Monument, a mas- sive triumphal arch commissioned by the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini and located in Bolzano’s Victory Square, and the Mussolini relief on the façade of the former Fascist Party headquarters (now a tax offi ce) at Courthouse Square, which depicts il duce riding a horse with his arm raised high in the Fascist salute.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Gillen Leah Anti-Semitisminitaly.Pdf
    THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES ANTI-SEMITISM IN ITALY, 1922-1945 LEAH GILLEN SUMMER 2013 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for baccalaureate degrees in History, Italian, and Global and International Studies with honors in History Reviewed and approved* by the following: Tobias Brinkmann Malvin and Lea Bank Associate Professor of Jewish Studies and History Thesis Supervisor Mike Milligan Senior Lecturer in History Honors Adviser * Signatures are on file in the Schreyer Honors College. i ABSTRACT This thesis is a study of the emergence and development of anti-Semitism in Italy, from its roots in pre-Unification, Catholic prejudice to the political, Fascist form of anti-Jewish discrimination of the 1930’s and early 1940’s. Italian Jews, from their 1848 emancipation to the establishment of the race laws in 1938, achieved a degree of assimilation into the surrounding Italian society unparalleled in other European countries. The high level of Jewish influence and involvement in the Unification effort coupled with the continued, successful integration of the Italian Jews into society well into the 20th century lead to the creation of the concept of the italianita`, or Italian-ness, of the Jewish community in Italy. As the Fascist party began to cultivate a modern, political form of anti-Semitism in Italy, culminating in the establishment of the discriminatory race laws in the late 1930’s, Italian Jews failed to successfully respond to the growing dangers facing the Jewish community. Jews in Italy believed themselves inseparable from their non-Jewish Italian counterparts, and thus safe from the genocide in other parts of Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Pedlars of Hate: the Violent Impact of the European Far Right
    Pedlars of hate: the violent impact of the European far Right Liz Fekete Published by the Institute of Race Relations 2-6 Leeke Street London WC1X 9HS Tel: +44 (0) 20 7837 0041 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7278 0623 Web: www.irr.org.uk Email: [email protected] ©Institute of Race Relations 2012 ISBN 978-0-85001-071-9 Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the support of the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust and the Open Society Foundations in the researching, production and dissemination of this report. Many of the articles cited in this document have been translated into English by over twenty volunteers who assist the IRR’s European Research Programme. We would especially like to thank Sibille Merz and Dagmar Schatz (who translate from German into English), Joanna Tegnerowicz (who translates from Polish into English) and Kate Harre, Frances Webber and Norberto Laguía Casaus (who translate from Spanish into English). A particular debt is due to Frank Kopperschläger and Andrei Stavila for their generosity in allowing us to use their photographs. In compiling this report the websites of the Internet Centre Against Racism in Europe (www.icare.to) and Romea (www.romea.cz) proved invaluable. Liz Fekete is Executive Director of the Institute of Race Relations and head of its European research programme. Cover photo by Frank Kopperschläger is of the ‘Silence Against Silence’ memorial rally in Berlin on 26 November 2011 to commemorate the victims of the National Socialist Underground. (In Germany, white roses symbolise the resistance movement to the Nazi
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1933-1945
    NAZI GERMANY AND THE JEWS, 1933–1945 ABRIDGED EDITION SAUL FRIEDLÄNDER Abridged by Orna Kenan To Una CONTENTS Foreword v Acknowledgments xiii Maps xv PART ONE : PERSECUTION (January 1933–August 1939) 1. Into the Third Reich: January 1933– December 1933 3 2. The Spirit of the Laws: January 1934– February 1936 32 3. Ideology and Card Index: March 1936– March 1938 61 4. Radicalization: March 1938–November 1938 87 5. A Broken Remnant: November 1938– September 1939 111 PART TWO : TERROR (September 1939–December 1941) 6. Poland Under German Rule: September 1939– April 1940 143 7. A New European Order: May 1940– December 1940 171 iv CONTENTS 8. A Tightening Noose: December 1940–June 1941 200 9. The Eastern Onslaught: June 1941– September 1941 229 10. The “Final Solution”: September 1941– December 1941 259 PART THREE : SHOAH (January 1942–May 1945) 11. Total Extermination: January 1942–June 1942 287 12. Total Extermination: July 1942–March 1943 316 13. Total Extermination: March 1943–October 1943 345 14. Total Extermination: Fall 1943–Spring 1944 374 15. The End: March 1944–May 1945 395 Notes 423 Selected Bibliography 449 Index 457 About the Author About the Abridger Other Books by Saul Friedlander Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher FOREWORD his abridged edition of Saul Friedländer’s two volume his- Ttory of Nazi Germany and the Jews is not meant to replace the original. Ideally it should encourage its readers to turn to the full-fledged version with its wealth of details and interpre- tive nuances, which of necessity could not be rendered here.
    [Show full text]
  • Muslims Who Risked Their Lives to Save Jews During the Holocaust: Overview and Sources of Information
    Muslims Who Risked Their Lives to Save Jews During the Holocaust: Overview and Sources of Information Craig T. Palmer Department of Anthropology University of Missouri Amber L. Palmer Department of Visual & Media Anthropology Freie Universität Berlin Mountains east of Tirana, Albania How we came to study this subject The Puzzle of Altruism Moral Elevation Binah Yitzrit Foundation Yad Vashem The Righteous Among the Nations Year One (2013-2014) Holocaust Museums in the United States, Canada, Israel, Germany, Poland, and Hungary *Year Two (2014-2015) Righteous Muslims and/or Arabs Casablanca (1942) Major Strasser: “It is possible the French authorities will find a reason to put him in the concentration camp here.” Robert Satloff “Among the Righteous: Lost Stories of the Holocaust’s Long Reach into Arab Lands” Read more about the true stories in Among the Righteous. Plus, watch video clips and extended interviews about some of the people profiled. Khaled Abdul Wahab A charismatic, cosmopolitan Tunisian not only hid a local Jewish family at his farm, but also protected the women from harm. Si Ali Sakkat After a long career in public service, an Arab nobleman retired to a farm, where, one day, he welcomed and harbored some unexpected guests -- Jewish men who had escaped from a labor camp during a battle. Nissim Zvili When the father of this Tunisian Jewish family was conscripted for forced labor by the Nazis, the others were taken to a farm for protection by an Arab friend. Morice Tondowski A young Polish man fled his country to escape the war, but after joining the French military, wound up in a desert labor camp.
    [Show full text]
  • HOLOCAUST DENIAL Kenneth S
    HOLOCAUST DENIAL Kenneth S. Stern The American Jewish Committee New York Kenneth S. Stern is program specialist on anti-Semitism and extremism for the American Jewish Committee. The American Jewish Committeeprotects the rights andfreedoms ofJews the world over; combats bigotry and anti-Semitism andpromotes hwnan rights for all; works for the security of Israel and deepened understanding between Americans and Israe- lis; advocates public policy positions rooted in American democratic vulues and the perspectives ofthe Jewish heritagr: and enhances the creative virality of the Jewish people. Founded in 1906, it is the pioneer human-relations agency in the United States. Copyright 0 1993 The American Jewish Committeen All rights reserved Library of Congress catalog number 93-070665 ISBN 0-87495-102-X First printing April 1993 Second printing June 1993 Third printing July 1994 This publication is dedicated to the memory of Zachariah Shuster, who gave 40 years of extraordinary service to the cause of world Jewry, human rights, and Jewish-Christian understanding. He opened AJC's European office in 1948, helping thousands of Holo- caust survivors, and, later, North African Jews fleeing anti-Semi- tism, rebuild their lives. On behalf of the AJC, he had a hand in establishing the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, the passage of Nostra Aetaze-which marked a turning point in Catholic attitudes toward Jews-and the publication of German textbooks containing accurate information about Jews, Judaism, anti-Semitism, and the Holocaust. In the early 1950s, Zachariah Shuster was one of the first to speak out about the plight of Soviet Jewry.
    [Show full text]
  • Holocaust Education in Germany: Ensuring Relevance and Meaning in an Increasingly Diverse Community
    FIRE: Forum for International Research in Education Vol. 5, Iss. 1, 2019, pp. 44-62 HOLOCAUST EDUCATION IN GERMANY: ENSURING RELEVANCE AND MEANING IN AN INCREASINGLY DIVERSE COMMUNITY Monica Vitale1 Drexel University, USA Rebecca Clothey Drexel University, USA Abstract German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s ‘open-door’ policy towards the recent wave of migrants and refugees to Europe shows promise for expanding the workforce and increasing diversity, yet opens up some significant cultural and religious differences. Although the government has created programs to aid in their transition, little attention has been paid to how school curriculum, particularly education on the Holocaust, is presented to students for whom the event lacks personal, religious, or social relevance or who may have been taught that it is a fabrication. This study focuses on how classroom material presents the rise of National Socialism and the Holocaust through a document analysis of curriculum materials from a Gymnasium in Hamburg, Germany. Results show that even at the highest level of the education system, students are not being presented with the material in a way that draws relevance to the present day nor fosters meaning for recent immigrants. For the Holocaust, which is both a significant historical event and a critical lesson in the importance of universal human rights, effective education is imperative in order to combat present global trends of radicalism and intolerance. Keywords: Holocaust Education, Refugees, Human Rights, Anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, Xenophobia Introduction Throughout human history, global migration has existed as people sought a better life or an escape from persecution. However, migration is presently at unprecedented levels.
    [Show full text]
  • The Unsc and Nato As Medialities in Achieving the United States of America’S National Interest in Libyan Revolution 2011
    THE UNSC AND NATO AS MEDIALITIES IN ACHIEVING THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’S NATIONAL INTEREST IN LIBYAN REVOLUTION 2011 By CandiCindarbumi 016201100119 A Thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor’s Degree in International Relations in Strategic and Defense Study 2015 THESIS ADVISER RECCOMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “The UNSC and NATO as Medialities in Achieving the United States of America’s National Interest in Libyan Revolution 2011” prepared and submitted by CandiCindarbumi in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in the Faculty of Humanities has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, January 27th, 2015 Teuku Rezasyah, Ph.D Thesis Advisor i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “The UNSC and NATO as Medialities in Achieving the United States of America’s National Interest in Libyan Revolution 2011” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, January 27th, 2015 CandiCindarbumi ii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “The UNSC and NATO as Medialities in Achieving the United States of America’s National Interest in Libya Revolution 2011”that was submitted by CandiCindarbumi majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on 03rd March 2015 Prof.
    [Show full text]