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An Electro-Mechanical Model of Simple Animals Comparing Digital An Electro-Mechanical Model of Simple Animals FEBRUARY 1958 Comparing Digital Computing Systems • Automatic Programming for Business Applications VOL. 7 - NO.2 Automatika I Telemechanika In BOBBIN CORES, you need PRECISION tNUt~d. ~1fHItd;n,A/W()Q) • For use In shift registers, coinCldent ployed are Deltamax, Permalloy and current matrix systems, pulse trans- Supermalloy, in standard thicknesses formers, .c;tatlC magnetic memory ele- of .001", .0005", and .00025". Core ments, harmonic generators and ~imi- properties include quite rectangular lar equipment, Arnold Bobbin Cores hysteresis loops, relatively low co- meet the most exacting requirements. ercive values and high saturation Quality and uniformity? You'/l find densities, plus the ability to shift in them no problem-because, as a fully a few microseconds from negative integrated producer with highly mod- remanence to positive saturation, and ern facilities, we're able to maintain vice versa, under conditions of pulse close control over every step. excitation. • Let Arnold supply your Arnold Bobbin Cores are available requirements for Bobbin Cores-or in a wide range of sizes, tape thick- other tape-wound cores, powder Ultra-thin tape for bobbin cores is rolled to nesses, widths and number of wraps cores, permanent magnets, etc.-from high precision standards for thickness and depending on the ultimate use of the the most complete line of magnetic :finish on our own 20-high Sendzimir cold core. Magnetic materials usually em- materials in the industry. wsw 6399 reducing mi11, beta-ray controlled. (j)Jri$1fYu BULLETIN TC-108A .ENGINEEiiiG .. ···C6~p~l "TAPE-WOUND BOBBIN CORES <, " , ,:'~"", • ,~,' ';' , ~,~->t~:1<, '. 'Main 'Office ,&, PI~n't: Marengo, Illinois,''', ,,',,};L;.}: FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS" Repath Pociflc Dlv'Aon Plantt 641, Eost'61.t 'Street, LO$ Anget~'J calif~(::*" Includes essential data on applications and , ',' : " "" ;',' 'Oi$t~ici:SQ/~$:Office$:: ',' ...... " " <,~,{";~<':' properties, fabrication and testing of Arnold Boston: 49 Waltham St.~ texl!'lgfon "Lo~ Angeles: 3450 Wi/5hire Blvd.: ': B.obbin Cores; lists standard sizes, etc. New York: '35Q 'Fifth A,n. ;W(l$hi~gf~~~ D'.C.~"1001 .. 15tt; Sf'J N.W. ,.'" ADDRESS'DEPT. CA-82 , " .,',' ..., " , 2 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for February, 1958 Readers' and Editor's Forum FRONT COVER: MACHINA VERSATILIS To look back in history, there are other weapons used for offense only, and especially against captives: torture, THE FRONT COVER (which is also Figure 1 of the starvati?n, operations to change the character or virility first article in this issue) shows an electro-mechanical of a pnsoner, the torture of a prisoner's wife and chil­ animal, the September, 1957, model of Machina Versa­ dren in front of him, . tilis, made by Ivan Sutherland. This machine is a suc­ All these fields are open to science, the scientific cessor to the earlier models made by William R. Suther­ ~et~od of investigation and experiment, the solving of land and Malcolm G. Mugglin. This machine has two mtncate problems by automatic computing machinery. wheels forward (each separately driven) and one rolling caster rear (none visible in the picture), two "eyes" But is there no horror point? Is there no point at which a self-respecting human (photoelectric cells) inside the dark plastic at the top being should say "I cannot do this - I cannot study of the central post, and a bumper of plastic all the way this, investigate this, publish this . I cannot have around, to sense obstacles. The coin gives an idea of the anything to do with this: this is horrible"? size. Different plug-in circuits vary the behavior and President Eisenhower on Jan. 10 in his State of the the intelligence of the animal. Union Message to Congress said "In the last analysis, there is only one solution to the grim problems that CO-OPERATION IN HORROR lie ahead. The world must stop the present plunge toward more and more destructive weapons of war, and ONE OF the papers recently submitted to COM­ turn the corner that will start our steps firmly on the PUTERS and AUTOMATION to consider for publica­ tion was entitled something like "diffusion calculations path toward lasting peace." on the [trade name] electronic computer." It came In agreement with that view, we trust that it will be from a writer at the U.S. Army Chemical Corps, and a very long time if ever before COMPUTERS and referred to a "chemical munition, which is designed to AUTOMATION publishes articles dealing with "diffu­ disseminate an agent in the form of a gaseous or aerosol sion calculations" on the spreading of poison gas. cloud which will travel near the surface of the earth." The phrase "poison gas" was avoided, but that is the IRE 7TH REGIONAL CONFERENCE AND concept which leapt into your editor's mind. TRADE SHOW - SACRAMENTO, CALIF. This paper reminded me of some of the problems APRIL 30-MAY 2, 1958 which the Nazis put into arithmetic books for young Ewald W. Berger German boys to study in the days when Hitler was de­ Chairman of Conference veloping the Nazi state. One problem, as I remember, Sacramento, Calif. asked the youngster to calculate how many bombs would WE ARE CALLING for papers for this forthcoming be required to destroy a circular town, given that one conference and show, particularly first-rate technical bomb would destroy such and such an area, and given papers on the Conference Theme "Accelerated Progress the diameter of the town. m Elec.tronics." We are interested in the following I can well imagine that if automatic electronic digital categones: computers had been available in Nazi Germany, they Aeronautical & Navigational Electronics would have been applied to computations such as find­ Antennas & Propagation ing out how much nerve gas would be economically Audio necessary to kill stated numbers and distributions of Circuit Theory Jews in the concentration camps of Buchenwald Dachau Communications Systems Maidanek, . (The Nazis in fact put to d;ath ove; Electronic Computers 6,000,000 Jews, unarmed and captive.) Electronic Devices There are weapons which can be used for defense and Engineering Management not for offense, like a radar warning network. There are Industrial Electronics weapons that can be used for defense and for offense Instrumentation both, like a fighter aircraft. And there are weapons that Microwave Theory & Technique can. be used for offense only, like poison gas and bio­ Military Electronics logiCal warfare, such as the spreading of a mortal disease Vehicular Communications that only one combatant has an antitoxin for. (Inci­ de.nta~ly success~u.l biological warfare is probably more Abstracts outlining the subject matter of the paper sCIentlfically effiCtent than any kind of atomic bomb shoul~ be forwarded promptly for consideration by the beca~se it selects human beings and puts them to death: techntcal program committee; closing date is February leavtng enemy property intact and the air of Earth uncon­ 28. Address all entries or inquiries to the Technical ~,amin~~e~ by any radioactivity - a weapon completely Program Chairman, IRE 7th Region Conference, Senator .clean m the language of the Atomic Energy Commis­ Hotel, Sacramento, California. s1On.) [Please turn to page 13] COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for February, 1958 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION DATA PROCESSING • CYBERNETICS • ROBOTS Volume 7 Established Number 2 FEBRUARY, 1958 September 1951 FRONT COVER Selecting Areas in Punched Paper Tape According Machina Versatilis 1,6 to Address . 17 Post Office Operations - A Report on Progress of ARTICLES Mechanization . 18 An Electro-Mechanical Model of Simple Animals 1, 6 A Ball Point Pencil--- Is a Computer? 19 TED F. SILVEY WM. R. SUTHERLAND, M. G. MUGGLIN, and IVAN SUTHERLAND Oil Industry Comments on Computers 20 Comparing Digital Computing Systems: An In- Instruction . 21 creasing Problem . 10 JOHN A. McGANN REFERENCE INFORMATION Automatic Programming for Business Applications 14 Books and Other Publications 26 GRACE M. HOPPER Automatika I Telemechanika . 28 READERS' AND EDITOR'S FORUM INDEX OF NOTICES Co-operation in Horror 3 Advertising Index . 36 IRE 7th Regional Conference and Trade Show- Sacramento, Calif., April 30 - May 2, 1958 3 Western Joint Computer Conference-Los Ang- Change of Address: If your address changes, please send eles, May 6 - 8, 1958 13 us both your new address and your old address (as it appears on the magazine address sticker), and allow three DAVID PARRY weeks for the change to be made. Small Automatic Computers and Input/Output Equipment - A Report from the Manufacturers - May 9, 1958 13 FRED GRUENBERGER THE COMPUTER DIRECTORY AND International Conference on Scientific Information BUYERS' GUIDE, 1958 - Request for Papers 13 is the June, 1958, issue of COMPUTERS AND AUTOMA­ TION. We plan that it will be printed by letterpress, and will INDUSTRY NEWS NOTES contain at least 75 pages. It will hold more information than last year's directory, which contained over 700 Organization Digital Tape System: 90,000 Characters a Second. 17 entries and over 1300 Product and Service ~ntries. Digital Computer Controlling Oil Process 17 BE SURE TO SEND US YOUR ENTRIES Millions of Tiny Ferrite Memory Cores 17 Write us for information: Electronic System for Avoiding Air Collisions . 17 COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION Double-Length Double-Strength Magnetic Tape 17 815 Washington Street High-Speed Printer . 17 Newtonville 60, Mass. EJITO::l.: Edmund C. Berkeley San Francisco 5: A. S. Babcock, 605 Market St....... Yukon 2-3954 ASSISTANT EDITOR: Neil D. Macdonald Los Angeles 5: W. F. Green, 439 S. Western Ave... Dunkirk 7-8135 SERVICE AND SALES DIRECTOR Elsewhere: The Publisher, BerkelE:Y Enterprises, Inc., 815 Wash- ington St., Newtonville 60, Mass ...... Decatur 2-5453 or 2-3928 M. L. Kaye, 535 Fifth Ave, New York 17, N. Y .. Murray Hill 2-4194 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION is published monthly at 160 CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Warren St., Roxbury 19, Mass., by Berkeley Enterprises, Inc.
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