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North American Zoology

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North American Zoology OF TIIR NORTH AMERICANZOOLOGY, HY GEORGE ORD. -c BEIN(; AS‘ EXACTREPHODUCTION OF TIIF. PAR’$ ORIGINALLYCOMPILED BY MR.ORD FOB JOIIISON B WARNER, A 3D FIRST PUBLISHED 1IY THEM INTHEIR SECOND 3TMERICXN EDITION GUTHRIE’S GEOGRAPHY, IN 1815.’ TAKEN FROM MR. OliD’S I’KIVATE.ANNOTATEI) COPY. TO WIIICII IS ADDED ANAPPENDIX ON THE %ORE IMPOliTANT BCIPNTIFIC ANL, IIIYTOIìIC QESTIONS INVOLVED. PUBLISHED, BY THE EDITOR. HRDDONPIBLD, NBW JBRSBY. 1894. ‘S 1 . GEoRaE BTOHLEY, PRINTER, Haddonfield, N. J. viii As long ago as 1857, Prof. Baird characterized the so-called Second American Edition of Guthrie’s Geography as ‘‘ exceedingly rare.” ad- ding, ‘‘I have never, even in Philadelphia, been able to see a perfect copy. TheLibrary of thePhiladelphia Academy hasthe naturel history portion, separate.” It is probably to this copy that Dr. Coues refers ia the Bibliographic Appendixto his Birds of the Colorado Valley.After giving part of thetitle of thisspec‘ en, Dr.Coues notes,“above title defective after thefirst two lines, he only copyI ever handled, havingpart of the title page torn off.” T The all-around desirability of such a rare work, and the well known activity of Dr. Coues in his bibliographic researches,seem to llave failed in revealiug another copy, and, what is more uufortunate, to have re- sulted in the mysterious disappearance of the copy belongi~~g to the Library of the Academy of Natural Sciences, The numerous applications fmm scientists, both at home and abroad, for cirations from this historic copy evidenced the extreme scarcity, if notextinction, of thisedition of Guthrie’sGeography and inspired certain workers at the Academy to renewed diligence in the sFarch for ít. In a casualconversation with Dr. Edward J. Nolan,librarian of the Academy, last h’overnher, he suggested lo me that Mr. Ord, having presented a quantity of his private books and papers to the Philadelphia College of Physicians,it would be well toask the College Librarian if theyhad a copy of the long-lost work. On applica- ti~~],I was informed that their library did not couQiu it, but as I was leaving,the librarian remerked that I mightinquire of Dr. J. Solis Cohen, that gentlemen haviugpurcllaseda number of books and papers not coming within the scope of their library. I visited Dr. Cohen and after a delay of two days received a letter an~~ouncing that hehad a prrfect copy of the book I was after, containing marginal pencil notes on the zoological portion. On comparillgthese notes with Mr. Ord’s letters written al that period, I feel no hesitation in attributing their authorshipto him, not only from the chirographic resemblance but from the character of the notes thenlselves. As a reward forhaving idmtified the work, Dr. Cohen has kindly placedthe same in mycustody until the present reprint could be satisfactorilycompleted. For thiscourtesy Dr. Cohen deserves 11ot onlythe sincere gratitude of theeditor, hut of the scientific world, for to his inlerest in these matters WC owe the rescue of an invaluable work from the musty chaos of some oldbook-store, or a fateeven more obscure. X “The article on the Zoology of North America, is, for it extent, by farthe most accurate which has ever appeared. The modesty of its author forbids a personal acknowledgement, which the editors would have the highest satisfaction in making.” Onlythrough the recognition of his associates, and,in larger measure, by the citations of Prof. Baird in his work on the Mammals of North America, is the scientific world enabled to accord to the author of Ord’s Zoology the honor and distinction which he humbly sought to avoid. May the followingpages not only serve to establish more clearly Mr. Od’s title to a high place among the Zoologists of America, but further those loftier interests whichhe considered so essential to scien- tific progress. ACADEMYOF XATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA, XEW YEAR’S DAY, . Plandi; wlth ßed useful C)eagrrphld Ded- OF Qovernmënt Re1 on km. Renu nltlons and Problema keq Naval &d Mi%& Btmngh, Od3 S. TheGrand Divinions oFthe Olobe Into Lpnd and Knl htbood ¿& Water ConUnenta and Islands. 8. ‘&e &n&, Manuem, Cuntorm and Habil# of ’ 4. Th; Sltuntlon &KExtenL of Ek~oires.Kinu- IIthe bole. TO WHICH AILE ADDED, I. A GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX WITH THE NANES OF PLACEB ALPHABETICALLY hBRANGEII. P. A CHRONOLOOICAL TABLE OF REMARKABLE EVENTS, FROM THE CREATION TU TEE PRESENT TINE. II. A LIBT I OF MEN OF LJURNINQ AND SCIENCE. BY WILLIAM QUTHRIE, ESQ. THEASTRONOMICAL PART BY JAMES FERGUSON, F. R. S. TO WHICH BAVEBEEN ADDED. THE LATE D1SCY)VERIEBOF DR. HERBCHEL, AND OTHER EMINENT ASTRONOYEIW, ILLUSTRATEDWITH TWENTY-BIGHT CORRECT YAPS. THE SECOND AMERlCAN EDITION IMPROVED. IN TWO VOLUMES . f . VOL. II, PHILADELPHIA : PUBLIBHED BY JOHNSON B WARNER AND FOR WALE AT THEIR BOOK BTURm IN PHJLAUELPHIA, AND RICHYONU VIRGINIA. 1815, 290 BrardllnnlYger- - MounWnIgnr - BnyLynxarWlldaSt CornmonLynr Mexican Cat l Ëlacl j[Süpposed lyllome writersLU be the anme *Radiated Mola of Pmnnnt. ttBrowu Mole of lhe menuthor. $92 ' ZJNITEI) STATES OF AMERICA. nlnr?lunrl Munnot, or nr 294 UKITED STATES OF AMERICA. settlers, t.ended greatiy to impede the progress of husbandry. In the Gennesee country, and the weslern parts of I’enn8ylvania, they yet occasionally make a sweep anlong the sheep. Dut such is the hos- tility of the inhabitants, that in a shoit time these animals will entirely disappear from those parts. In Louisiana they are numerous ; and commit ravages amongst the Deer and Anlelopes, hunting them, it is said, in packs, like hounds, and somctimes relieving each other du- ring the chase, as the game are too swift to be run down by a single Wolf. It is wcn asserted that they will venture to at,tack a straggling Bison or Buffaloe. They frequently kill ewh otherin their contesta for a carcass. Indian Dog. Pennant is of the opinion that this animal is the Wolf in a domesticatcd state. &Altstill betmys,” bays he, <hit#savage descent, by uttering only a howl, instead of t,he significant bark of the genuine dog. It is singular that the race of European dogm shew as stronœ an utipathy to this American spccics, as they do to thc Wolf itself. %hey never meet with them, but they shew all posmihle signs of dislike, and will fall on and worry thcm ; while the wolfish brwd, with every mnrk of timidity, puta its tail betw-een it8 legs, llnd nlns from the rage of the others. The avervionto the Wolf is natural toall genuine dogs ; for it is well known that a whelp, which has never seen a Wolf, will at first sight tremble, and ruu to its master for protection: an old dog will instantly attack it..” * Almost all the northern and u-estern lndians employ these dogs, -+cd to elcdges, for the 1mrl;ose of trnnlrporting their gnrne &c. Mnckenxie, in his gcncral histc?rs of the fur trade, sayß 66that the Iinistenenus Indians in the winler, when the watcrs are froxcb, make thcir jollrnic+,wIlic.11 arcnewr of nny grcnt lmgth, wit.h sledges drnw1 by dogs. t Patrick (~RRo1)wrvrs thnt “thc Sioux lndinns fasten thcir dogs 10 polcs, and malic them draw them from one ramp to anothcr, loaded with skins and other arlicles.”$ And again, that ‘Mlex xokc thrm to a kind of cnr, which they have to haul their bag- gnge from olle (-amp to another. ‘lhe dogs,l’ continues he, “are not large, lnurh rr.mnl)lc a wolf, ant1 will haul about seventy pounds cllch.” S From the Jounml of Lewis and Clark we learn that ‘rdog meat is a pcnt dish nnloug th(? Sious Indians, and udon al1 festivals.” But it sc(ms tlmt thc uatiomr to th! westward of the Rocky Mountainm, though thry posctis numbcm of these animals, yet they do not eat tllcnl. IYith the last nlentionod tmvellcrs, dog meat became a fa- volite food, wns found to 1)c a strong healthy diet, preferable to lean Ilccr or 1<1k, end much superior to horse flcHh in any state.ll With all due t1cferenc.c to thc opinion of the respeotaLle Mr. Pen- unut, WC must ditiwnl from him with rcspect Lo tho origin of the In- dain Dog. JVe do not considcr this animal the Wolf. If he be not, RH somc suppose he is, a collateral dccendallt of the European family, introduced by the early adventurers into the New World, we have strong reaßons to conclude that he is an independent species. HOW- ever, the result of our inquires into the history of this animal is very unsatisfactory. In Barton’s Medical and Physical Journal, vol. i, part ii, p. 3, we are ‘Arctic Zoology, Art. Wolf. 8 Gass’s Journal p. 47. TMackenzie’s Voyages, vol. i. p. IZO. II Hist. of the Exp. vol. 2. p. 2 39. $Gasa’sJournal, p. 42. 296 UNITED STATES OF'AMERICA.' I , ,. .1 .Z:NITED STATES OF AMERICA. Foxes feed ; and during the whole of thewinter these aninads are be smelt nt the diRhnce of amile. By accurate dissection, which abundantly supplied with geese, brant and duck@,which, on being was made bg Dr. Mitchell, it has been. found that this ill-scented fluid wounded by the gunners, either die or are caught by the Foxes. They is entirely distinct from tl1e.uriue. It is contabed in hobags, situate likewise liein ambush on the margins of the fresh water ponds, in the posterior pnrts of the body ; and surrounded by thecircular where the ducks came to drink and feed at night, and destroy num- muscleein such a manner,that, by their constriction, the fluid is bers. forced out with great velocity.
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