Life of John Eadie, D.D., Ll.D
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LIFE OF JOHN EADIE, D.D., LL.D. LIFE OF JOHN EADIE, D.D., LL.D. BY JAMES BROWN, D.D., All'rIIOR OF ·rug 'LIJ<~F, OF A SCOTTISI! PROBATIONER.' ~onbon: MACMILLAN AND 00. 1878. [ The right of translation amd reproduction is resei·ved.] THE VERY REVEREND JAMES HARPER, D.D., PRI>ICIPAl.o OF THE THEOLOGICAL HALL OF THE UNl'l'ED FRESBYTERIAN CHC'RCU, wno WAS F,LECTED TO THE PROFESSORATE OJ< THE SA:IIE DAY WITH DR, EA.DIE, A..'>{D WAS ASSOClAT'ED WITH HIM FOR TRIRTY-THit.EE YEARS IN" o:rs OF THE CHIEF DEP .A.RTME'NTS or 'THE WORI{ OF 111S LIFE, 'iJltis 1ilo[umt is Ythimttll WITH RESPECT AND AFFECTION. PREFACE. THE uneventful life of a pastor and scholar does not generally furnish much material for biography. In Dr. Eadie's case there is a more than usual lack of incident. He never removed from the city where he began his ministry, and he did not connect his name with the controversies of his time. He kept no jour nal, and he seldom wrote a letter which extended beyond the limits of a hurried business note. It was, nevertheless, believed by those who knew him best, that if the story of his quiet and laborious life could be simply told, the record would be neither uninter esting nor unprofitable. In arranging the material at his disposal, the author has not followed strictly the chronological order. Dr. Eadie wrought simultaneously in three distinct spheres of labour, and it seemed more convenient to treat X PREFACE. separately of his pastorate, his professorship, and his literary work; but; at t~e same time, care has been takei'.i to trace clearly the line of his personal history. The author returns his heartfelt thanks to all who have aided him in his work. He is under special obligation to Mrs. Eadie for much kind assistance and encouragement. He is deeply indebted to the authorH of interesting contributions which will be found in their appropriate places ; to several members of the New Testament Revision Company, not only for leave to make use of letters, but also for valuable informa tion and advice; to friends in Alva and in Cambridge Street and Lansdowne Churches, for assistance in col lecting the facts embodied in the chapters relating to Dr. Eadie's early life and his two pastorates; to all who have placed letters at his disposal; and to those who have given unwearied assistance in the work of revising proofs. The Photograph prefixed to this volume is by Mr. Fergus of Largs, to whom thanks are due for the use of the negative. ST. JAMES' MANSE, PAISLEY, 19th April, Jf,78. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. BOYHOOD .. County of Stirling-Alva-View from the Ochils-Battlefield of Scotland-Influence of Early. Scenes-House in Back Raw ' Eadie's Well'-His .Father-His Mother--Early Training-' A Causeway Saint and a Hoose Deil'-Love of Birds-His First Teacher-Sketch of the Rev. Archibald Browning-A Young Anti-Burgher-Morning Walks _to School-Reminiscences of the School Boy-Feats of Memory--Mechanical Skill-Liking for Time-pieces, Pages 1-26 CHAPTER II. STUDENT LIFE. Enters Glasgow University- Blackstone Examination-General Reading-Logic Class-Class of Ethics-Crisis-Light Returns Salutary Influences-The Robertsons of Greenhill-Mr. Brown ing's Power over Him-Early Poverty-Tutorship at Tillicoultry -Gratitt-ide to Mr. Browning-Temperance Lectures-Reform Bill-Celebration of Victory-Voluntary Controversy-Divinity Hall-Biblical Literature-Dr. John· Brown-Early Exegetical Efforts-First Review: Stuart on the Hebrews-Mr. Gilfillan's Reminiscences-License and First Sermon-His Mother's Death -Baptism of Sorrow, . 27-60 xii CONTENTS. CHAPTER III. THE CAMBRIDGE STREET MINISTRY. Call to Cambridge Street-Progress of Glasgow-Church Extension in Secession Church-Rich and Poor meeting together-Eadie a Villager-Proud of Great City-His Ordination-His first 'Pres bytery Elder'-Trials of a Young Minister-Reminiscences of his Early Ministry-His Preaching-His 'Lecturing'-' Retros pect and Memorial '-Interest in his People-Territorial Work Mr. Cumming, Mr. Galloway, and Mr. Robertson-Sabbath Schools, &c.-Unselfishness of the Minister-Call to Rose Street, Edinburgh-Attachment of Cambridge Street People, 61-105 CHAPTER IV. CONTINUATION OF PERSOXAL HISTORY. His Mauiage-Early Sorrows-Formation of Library-Hebrew Class-Atonement Controversy-Professorship and .Academic Degrees-Visit to Germany and Switzerland - Letter to his Daughter-Trip to London and Paris-Assisting at Country Sacraments - Gathering of Congregation- Appearance of the Minister-' Action' Sermon-' Fencing the Tables '-Evening Sermon-' What an Alva bairn can do '--Supper in the Manse Monday Dinner-Tuesday Excursion-Return to the City Tidings of Sorrow-Letter of Sympathy--Death of his ·wifo Invalid's Furlough-Letters-1.Iodcratorship-l\fodel Synod Ser mon, . 106-143 CH.APTER V. HIS PROFESSORSHIP. Origin of Secession Hall-John Brown and Dr. Lawson-Eadie's Election-Edinburgh in Autumn-Corstorphine Parties-His Colleagues-His Class-Room-Secret of his Power-Freshness of his Lectures-Dislike of Extremes-Views of Moral Law Letter to Dr. Norman Macleod-Disa<lvantages and Advantages of Continued Pastorate-Practical Counsels to Students-His Influence as a Professor, 144--172 CONTENTS. xiii CHAPTER VI. HIS LITERARY WORK. 'Voluntary Church Magazine '-Contributions to 'Eclectic Review' and 'North British Review '-Biographical ·works-Books in illustration of Scripture-Popular Cyclopredias-Other popular Works-Controversial pamphlet on Marriage Law-Commen taries-Their Grammatical Analysis-Their Exegetical Power Disadvantages and Advantages of Northern Training-Power of Hard Work-Authorities-Traces of Pastorate-His position among Biblical Scholars, . 173-202 CHAPTER VII. PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PERSONAL HISTORY. Method in l1is vV.ork-General Reading-Intercourse with Friends Early Companions-' Garnethill Presbytery '-Association with Students-Synod Gatherings-Correspondence-Mr. Middleton -His Second Marriage-Family Relations-Dr. \Vaugh-Mr. Home-Correspondence-Period of Comparative Relaxation, 203-223 CHAPTER VIII. HIS :MINISTRY IN LANSDOWNE CHURCH. Further Progress of Glasgow-Origin of Lansdowne Church-Its Cost-Liberality-Care for the Poor-Unselfishness of the Minis ter-Mission ·work-Improvement of Church Service-Frequent Communion-Union Movement-Letters-Extra Hall \'{ork Visits from English Scholars-Unsectarian Spirit-Home Life, 224-246 XIV CONTENTS. CHAPTER IX. JOURNEY TO THE EAST. Travelling Companions-Preparations-Marseilles to Alexandria Cairo and the Pyramids-Desert Encampment-Wilderness of Shur-Elim to Sinai-Northward Journey to Gaza-Ruins of Ascalon-Jerusalem-Dead Sea-Journey through Palestine to Damascus-Beyrout to Constantinople-Athens-Venice-Home -Annua,l Gathering, . 247-299 CHAPTER X. VISIT TO AMERICA. Commission to Presbyterian Churches-On board the' Abyssinia' First experience of New York-Chi-Alpha and Century Clubs Bryant-Pri:nceton-Tour to the West-Presbywrian Assembly at Baltimore-Visit to the -South-United Presbyterian Assembly at Philadelphia-Assembly of Reformed Church at New Bruns wick-Niagara-Assembly of Presbyterian Church of Canada at Toronto-Visits to Montreal and Quebec-Boston and Harvard University- 'Commencement Day' at Yale College-Homeward Voyage, . 300-335 CHAPTER XI. HIS WORK ON THE REVISION COMPANY. Resolution by Convocation of Canterbury to attempt Revision Invitations to Scholars of other Communions-Members of New Testament Company-Communion Service-Jerusalem Chamber -·Westminster Assembly-Necessity for Revision-Imaginary Dangers-Necessary Qualifications-Dr. En.die's Diligence-His Silence-Respect of his Colleagues-Prospects of Success-His 'English Bible'-Its Thoroughness--Breadth of Treatment-Ex• actness-Relation to Scotland-Dedication to his Colleagues Letters of Acknowledgment, . 336-357 CONTENTS. xv CHAPTER XII. THF. END. First Symptoms of Illness-Increased' Diligence-Proposed Change in Theological Hall-His Objections-Resolution to continue in Pastorate-Arrangement with his Congregation-Severe Cold Change in his Appearance-Yisit to Berwick-His Last Sermon -Rest at Dunblane-Birth-day Party-Memories of his Youth -Synod Meeting-Last Communion-Alarming Symptoms-His Death-Widespread Sorrow-The :Funeral-Preservation of his Library-Other Monuments to his Memory, . 358-388 APPENDIX A, 389-404 APPENDIX B, 404-409 LIFE OF JOHN EADIE, D.D., LL.D. CHAPTER ·I. BOYHOOD. County of Stirling-Alva-View from the Ochils-Battlefield of Scotland-Influence of Early Scenes-House in Back Raw-. 'Eadie's '.Vell '-His Father-His Mother-Early Training-' A Causeway Saint and a Hoose Deil '-Love of Birds-His First Teacher- Sketch of the Re\·. Archibald Browning--.A young Anti-Burgher-Morning ·walks to School-Reminiscences of the School Boy-Feats of Memory-Mechanical Skill--Liking for Time-pieces. JOHN EADIE was born at Alva, Stirlingshire, on the 9th of May, 1810. His native county is, alike geographically and historically, the very heart of Scotland. It is the meeting place of highland and lowland. The richest corn-land in the country lies along the foot of rugged hillR which rise abruptly from the plain. Rapid mountain streams, coming from highland lakes, through famous passes, have joip.ed to form the Forth, which sleeps through the Carse between sedgy banks, and with so little descent that it can only find its way to the sea by interminable windings, compelling the traveller A 2 ALVA. by water to pass over twenty miles in going be tween places only five miles apart. The plain through which the river winds is the great battle field of Scotland. The most famous fights in Scottish history-those of them, at least, of which Scotchmen like best to speak-were fought either on or near this Carse of Stirling. In the most picturesque of many sunny nooks at the foot of the Ochils, where the lowland richness touches the hills, the village of Alva has gradually gathered itself around two little streams that have cut their way down the wooded hillside, cleaving it into glens that in a less mountainous country tourists would go far to see.