Trends and Structure in Contemporary Thai Poetry
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Glossary Abhayamudra A style of keeping hands while sitting Abhidhama The Abhidhamma Pitaka is a detailed scholastic reworking of material appearing in the Suttas, according to schematic classifications. It does not contain systematic philosophical treatises, but summaries or enumerated lists. The other two collections are the Sutta Pitaka and the Vinaya Pitaka Abhog It is the fourth part of a composition. The last movement gradually goes back to the sthayi after completion of the paraphrasing and improvisation of the composition, which can cover even three octaves in the recital of a master performer Acharya A teacher or a tutor who is the symbol of wisdom Addhayoga One of seven kinds of lodgings where monks are allowed to live. Addhayoga is a building with a roof sloping on either one side or both. It is shaped like wings of the Garuda Agganna-sutta AggannaSutta is the 27th Sutta of the Digha Nikaya collection. The sutta describes a discourse imparted by the Buddha to two Brahmins, Bharadvaja, and Vasettha, who left their family and caste to become monks Ahankar Haughtiness, self-importance A-hlu-khan mandap Burmese term, a temporary pavilion to receive donation Akshamala A japa mala or mala (meaning garland) which is a string of prayer beads commonly used by Hindus, Buddhists, and some Sikhs for the spiritual practice known in Sanskrit as japa. It is usually made from 108 beads, though other numbers may also be used Amulets An ornament or small piece of jewellery thought to give protection against evil, danger, or disease. Clay tablets have also been used as amulets. -
The Accentual System of Thai Polysyllabic Words
THE ACCENTUAL SYSTEM OF THAI POLYSYLLABIC WORDS Udom Warotamasikkhadit1 Abstract 1. Introduction Many Thai grammarians seem to ignore intonational rhythms that exist in the At present, the pronunciation of Thai pronunciation of Thai words. It is language is in a state of chaos. No one erroneous to think that Thai words are knows for sure how to pronounce certain monotonous and without rhythms. The words in the Thai language. If one looks Thais have pronounced words with fixed through the Dictionary of the Royal pronunciation patterns for years but many Institute ofB.E. 2525, one will find words grammarians and Thai scholars ignore with more than one pronunciation more them. At the moment pronunciation of often than one will find in an English, the language is chaotic because many Thai French, or German dictionary. Nowadays people do not know how to pronounce radio and television announcers often Thai words. They often make the wrong mispronounce words and are influential cuts at morpheme or word boundarie::s. sources of mispronunciation. If you tum The Royal Institute rules for the on two different radio stations, you will pronunciation of Thai words concerning find two different pronunciations of the the gemination of the final consonant of a same word. It is very confusing for young syllable with an inserted [a] in conjoining children who must decide which one is words, as found in the dictionary of the correct. The Royal Institute of Thailand Royal Institute of B.E. 2525, must be held seems to compromise that two responsible for these problems. This paper pronunciations are acceptable. -
TEMPORARY THAI and WESTERN POETRY1 Chetana
AN IMAGINARY DIA Blood dripped dropped like LOGUE: A COMPARA prized gems Smooth flesh breached TIVE LOOK AT CON By powered thrust of iron TEMPORARY THAI AND blades WESTERN POETRY1 Screams reverberated through the land but valued no more than fruit- 2 Chetana Nagavajara flies' buzz Back and forth, back and forth I do not wish to sound pessimistic, but it Tears flooded the clouds is time that the image of Thailand as a Little rabbit's up to its neck in land of smiles should be questioned. In despair this respect, contemporary Thai poetry Grabbed heaven-spire, pulled can substantiate my point that hope crashing down contemporary Thai society is extremely Rainbow ghost lunged his complex and defies any simplification. lightening rod As we are meeting at Sanam Chandra Ripping through the startled Palace in Nakom Pathom, it is only chest appropriate that I begin with a poem by Rainbow ghost sucked dry the Saksiri Meesomsueb (born 1956) blood "Retracing Footprints on the Path", The sky moans mixed with which was the very first poem read at a fierce gun-fires poetry reading session on 14 March Was it this tamarind tree or some 1997, at Tabkhwan House, only a few other? steps away from our meeting place Sobbing Pigtail, Topknot and today. The poem is quoted here in full in Glae queried a translation by Chamnongsri Was it on this branch or another, Hanchanelak. pretty tree, That they hung the beloved "Paper birds panicked into flight maid? Reeling in vast tear-filled skies Breezes blew, branch bent, Boom, Boom .... -
The King's Nation: a Study of the Emergence and Development of Nation and Nationalism in Thailand
THE KING’S NATION: A STUDY OF THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF NATION AND NATIONALISM IN THAILAND Andreas Sturm Presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London (London School of Economics and Political Science) 2006 UMI Number: U215429 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U215429 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 I Declaration I hereby declare that the thesis, submitted in partial fulfillment o f the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and entitled ‘The King’s Nation: A Study of the Emergence and Development of Nation and Nationalism in Thailand’, represents my own work and has not been previously submitted to this or any other institution for any degree, diploma or other qualification. Andreas Sturm 2 VV Abstract This thesis presents an overview over the history of the concepts ofnation and nationalism in Thailand. Based on the ethno-symbolist approach to the study of nationalism, this thesis proposes to see the Thai nation as a result of a long process, reflecting the three-phases-model (ethnie , pre-modem and modem nation) for the potential development of a nation as outlined by Anthony Smith. -
Thai Poetry Machine Translation to English Automated Evaluation VS Human Post-Edit
The 2nd International Conference on Technical Education Thai Poetry Machine Translation to English Automated Evaluation VS Human Post-Edit Sajjaporn Waijanya Anirach Mingkhwan Faculty of Information Technology Faculty of Industrial Technology and Management King Mongkut’s University of Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand North Bangkok, Prachinburi, Thailand [email protected] [email protected] Abstract- Poetry Machine Translation output is very will not concern only the quality of the meaning important, the output of poetry translation should still be correctness, it should concern to the quality of the poetry. The evaluation of translation will present the quality of translator but Evaluation is still a research topic prosody and correctness as well. In case of the poetry in itself. The reference of evaluation is very important for translation, Thai poetry has the complex prosody and automated evaluation method. It is very difficult to prepare Thai language is more complex than other languages. original reference for the poetry. The result of Human Post- Even through many researchers try to translate the poetry Edit can use for reference. This paper will focus on the Thai but there are a few published of The Thai poetry poetry type “Klonn-Pad” and aim to translate into English keeping terms of prosody. The results of translation translation by human in other languages and not found in between Forward and Backward translation will be MT world. compared by Automatic Evaluation and Semi-Automate by The previous researches by authors have presented an using Human Post-Edit. The Human Post-Edit Evaluation algorithms of Thai Poetry Translation to English with use HBLEU (Human-Targeted Bilingual Evaluation prosody keeping [2] and has analyst the quality of model Understudy) HMETEOR (Human-Targeted Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering) and compare with statistical MT by BLEU and METEOR HTER (Human-Targeted Translation Error Rate). -
Literary Historiography and the History of the Thai Novel
Literary Historiography and the History of the Thai Novel Maurice Simmons Presented for the Degree of Master of Philosophy of the University of London (School of Oriental and African Studies) 2005 ProQuest Number: 10731334 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731334 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2 Abstract The novel first appeared in Thailand approximately one hundred years ago. But for many years it lacked the cultural prestige of its Western counterpart. When the first histories of Thai literature appeared in the 1950s/Siyjtnade no mention of the Xu. novel and it was not until the 1960s that the first attempts to record its history were made. This study plots the major landmarks in charting the history of the Thai novel in the ensuing thirty years. Chapter 1 discusses the terms for ‘literature’ and the ‘novel’ and looks at the first histories of Thai literature and histories of Thai literature written in English. Chapter 2 surveys the work of the first ‘historians’ of the Thai novel, Yot Watcharasathian, Prakat Watcharapho’n and Sathian Chanthimatho’n. -
JSS 054 1A Front
VOLUME LIV PART 1 January 1966 THE JOURNAL OF THE SIAM SOCIETY (JS S) BANGKOK 2509 THl<: SIAM SOCUtTY P.\.ct•uo::s His Majesty the Kiug vxcu:-I•A'I'HONH Her Majesty the Queen Her Mnjcsty Queen Rnmbai Barni Her Royal Highness the Princess of Songkhla no:-<. t•lm~u)J!:N'!' His Majesty Kmg Frederik IX of Denmark CO'UNCJJ, OJ•' 'I'HJ'! SI.\:O.l !0\0f~ll'c'l'\' l•'OH HHH: Honorary President lUI. Princt~ Dhaninivat, Kromamun Hidyalabh 1. lUI. Prince Prem Purachatra President 2. H.S.H. Prince Ajavadis Diskul Senior Vice-President 3. H.E. Monsieur Ebbe Munck Vice-Pre~ident and Hcmornry Editor of the Natural History Bulletin 4. Lt. General Phya S:.tlvidhan Nidhes Vice-President m;d Leader of the Nntural History Section 5. Luang Tha.vil Sethpanijkarn Honorary Secretary 6. Mr. V.F. Hemmingsen Honorury Treasurer 7. Dr. L. Sternstein Honorary Editor of the Journal 8 Mr. Sanya Dharmasakti Leader of Travel Sectimt 9. H.S.H. Prince Subhadrndis Diskul Chairman of the E:tchtulge Committee 10. Phya Anuman Rajadhon ll. H.S.H. Prince Piyanmgsit Rangsit 12. H.H. Prince Sukbuma Puributra. 13. Mr. Ariyant Manjikul 14. Mr. Graham Lucas 15. Mr. Kraisri Nimmanahaeminda 16. Professor Dr. Prasert na Nagara 17. Professor Ouay Ketusinh M.D. Mr. J.J. Boelcs Hon. Librarian & l)irector of Sbtm Society Research Centre liONOHAHY !\tl~MHJ~H:<; Jnn:x•; !\H~:vnn:u!!:l 1. Professor G. Coedes 1. Reverend Father Eugene BQber 2. Dr. Reginald S. lc May 2. Cha Reng Nganradrud 3; Professor Giuseppe Tucci 3. -
Aesthetics of Khlong in Thai Poetry
AESTHETICS OF KHLONG have imitated the same words employed by IN THAI POETRY: poets of previous generations, they have also adapted and developed them to suit CONVENTION AND the individuality of each poet for the 1 CREATIVITY unique aesthetics of both diction and concept. It can be said that the creation of Weerawat lntaraporn 2 melodious and witty khlong is congruent with the nature of the Thai language since khlong is Thai in its origin and this in Abstract itself enhances the effectiveness of Thai poets in making use of the dominant · This paper aims to illustrate the beaury of characteristics of the Thai language in the khlong (Thai poetry) creatively written composition of their poetic works from the and transmitted from the past to the past to the present. present through a study of the preservation and creation of aesthetics in Introduction relation to euphony, and diction, as well as the imitation of words used by previous Among all types of Thai verse, khlong has poets with new meaning in Thai poetry. long been given significance by poets From the study, it is found that Thai poets throughout the hi story of Thai literature. It of each era have both followed and is presumed that khlong originated at adapted the traditional style of almost the same time as rai, another composition. In terms of euphony, poets classical type of Thai verse. (Watchari from the past to the present put an Ramayanun, 1995: 78). The evidence can emphasis on tones at the end of each line, be found in a work of Thai literature play on different tone levels, and use written in the central part of the country, internal rhymes as seen in both Lilit Ongkan Chang Nam, composed alliteration and assonance. -
A Study of Selected Symbols Through Poetry: the Orient and the West
A STUDY OF SELECTED SYMBOLS THROUGH POETRY: THE ORIENT AND THE WEST By SOMTAWIL ~RACHOONWONGSE Bachelor of Arts Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand 1972 Master of Science in Education University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 1974 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION July, 1976 A STUDY OF SELECTED SYMBOLS THROUGH POETRY: THE ORIENT AND THE WEST Thesis Approved: 964226 ;; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to express a sincere appreciation to her major adviser, Dr. Leon L.· Munson, who provided the inspiration, counsel, guidance,and encouragement during the course of study and in the preparation of this thesis. She would like to thank him for his careful review which resulted in a greatly improved study. It is a distinct privilege to have had him not only as an adviser but also as a very best and respectful friend all the time of her staying at the Oklahoma State University. The author has a firm belief that her gratitude and appreciation will last forever as once Shakespeare had a belief in his work of arts. 11 So Long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee ... Gratitude is extended to .Dr. Bill Elsom, Dr. John Battle, Dr. Daniel Selakovich, Dr. Kenneth King, and Dr. Cecili Dugger for serving as her advisory committee. Special recognition is due Mr. Kong and Sawanee Orachoonwongse, the author•s parents, who kindled the author•s love of knowledge and love of people. -
JSS 052 2L Annualreport
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1963 The Annual General Meeting of the Siam Society terminating the year 1%2 was held at the Society's Home, 1:31 Asoka Road (Lane 21, Sukhumvit ), Bangkapi, Bangkok on Thursday, 11th March 1963 at 8.15 p.m. with H.H. Prince Dhaninivat, Kromamun Bidyalabh, President, in the Chair. The meeting was attended by about 150 members and guests including the following members of the Council : H.H. Prince Prem Purachatra Senior Vice-President I-I.E. Chao Phya Sri Dharmadhibes Vice-President H.S.H. Prince Ajavadis Diskul Vice-President and Honorary Secretary Mr. Pracha Guna-I<asem Honorary Assistant Secretary Mr. V.F. Hemmingsen Honorary Treasurer Mr. ].]. Boeles Honorary Librarian and Director of the H.esearcb Centre Mr. Kenneth J, MacCormac Honorary Editor of the Journal Lt. General Phya Salwidhan Nidhes Leader of the Natural History Section I-I.E. Monsieur Ebbe Munck · Honorary Editor of the Natural History Bulletin Mr. Sanya Dharmasakti Mr. Ariyant Manjikul H.S.H. Prince Piyarangsit Rangsit Mom Rajawongse Sumonajati Swasdikul Mr. J,H.W. Thompson The Meeting unanimously re-elected the Council en block with H.H. Prince Dhaninivat, Kromamun Bidyalabh, as President. The meeting was terminated by a showing of NANG T ALUNG (southern style of shadow play) which was much enjoyed by mem bers and guests present. 274 Annual Report For 1963 The Council upon taking office re-elected the following standing committees for carrying out the activities of the Society: 1 ) Finance Committee : The Senior Vice-President ( H.H. Prince Prem Purachatra ), Chairman The Honorary Secretary The Honorary Treasurer 2 ) Editorial Committee : The Honorary Editor of the Journal (Mr. -
Translating Traditional Thai Poetry Into an English Verse Form
International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics, Vol. 1, No. 3, September 2015 Translating Traditional Thai Poetry into an English Verse Form Gritiya Rattanakantadilok Abstract—The original text is an epic poetry in Thai and this II. SOURCE TEXT paper analyzes one segment that is rendered into an English This segment is about the khwan-calling ceremony for verse form from the translation entitled The Tale of Khun Chang Khun Phaen by Baker and Pasuk (2010/2012). The Khun Phaen (who is called Phlai Ngam as a child). It is translators sought a form that fills a parallel function within the performed when Khun Phaen, the leading male character, is poetic tradition of the target language, which is blank verse, the one-month old. The words roek, khwan, and phuang kaeo lae form appropriate to epic in English. Because of the differences phuang thong, considered to be culturally specific items, in phonological rules, morphological patterns and syntactic remain in their transliterated forms in the „literal translation‟ rules between Thai and English, the translators have to find column because of their complex nature. The translated what is possible in the target language and meanings have to be sacrificed in verse translation. choices opted for will be discussed in detail when an analysis is carried out in terms of cultural and semantic matrix. Index Terms—Poetry translation, verse translation, poetic The word pat means eight, which is the desirable number tradition, epic poetry. of syllables in each hemistich. I translate klon pat as „eight-syllabled poem‟. The original layout of the second segment is as following: I. -
The Nature of Modern Thai Poetry Considered with Reference to the Works of Angkhan Kalayanaphong, Naowarat Phongphaibun and Suchit Wongthet
THE NATURE OF MODERN THAI POETRY CONSIDERED WITH REFERENCE TO THE WORKS OF ANGKHAN KALAYANAPHONG, NAOWARAT PHONGPHAIBUN AND SUCHIT WONGTHET Thesis submitted for the Ph.D. degree of the University of London by Suchitra Chongstitvatana School of Oriental and African Studies March 1984 ProQuest Number: 10670120 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10670120 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT This study is an attempt to explore the nature of modern Thai poetry through the works of some well-recognized poets of today, namely Angkhan Kalayanaphong, Naowarat Phongphaibun and Suchit Wongthet. The exploration into the nature of modern Thai poetry serves ultimately to reveal the nature of the art of Thai poetry. The analysis of the works of these poets reflects the significance of 'convention' in the creation of 'modernity'. The study is divided into six chapters: Chapter I : 'Convention' and 'modernity' in modern Thai poetry: a study of Angkhan Kalayanaphong1s Lam Nam