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Proceedings of BAT GATE DESIGN: A TECHNICAL INTERACTIVE FORUM Held at Red Lion Hotel Austin, Texas March 4-6, 2002 BAT CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL Edited by: Kimery C. Vories Dianne Throgmorton Proceedings of Bat Gate Design: A Technical Interactive Forum Proceedings of Bat Gate Design: A Technical Interactive Forum held March 4 -6, 2002 at the Red Lion Hotel, Austin, Texas Edited by: Kimery C. Vories Dianne Throgmorton Published by U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois and Coal Research Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Coal Research Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois Copyright 2002 by the Office of Surface Mining. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bat Gate Design: A Technical Interactive Forum (2002: Austin, Texas) Proceedings of Bat Gate Design: Red Lion Hotel, Austin, Texas, March 4-6, 2002/ edited by Kimery C. Vories, Dianne Throgmorton; sponsored by U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of Surface Mining and Fish and Wildlife Service, Bat Conservation International, the National Cave and Karst Management Symposium, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, the National Speleological Society, Texas Parks and Wildlife, the Lower Colorado River Authority, the Indiana Karst Conservancy, and Coal Research Center, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-885189-05-2 1. Bat ConservationBUnited States Congresses. 2. Bat Gate Design BUnited States Congresses. 3. Cave Management BUnited State Congresses. 4. Strip miningBEnvironmental aspectsBUnited States Congresses. 5. Coal mines and miningBEnvironmental aspectsBUnited States Congresses. I. Vories, Kimery C. II. Throgmorton, Dianne. III. United States. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. IV. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. V. Bat Conservation International. VI. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Coal Extraction and Utilization Research Center. VI. Title SD409.E62 2002 333.75' 153' 0973Bdc21 99-38937 CIP Contents Foreword Steering Committee Members Sponsors Bat Conservation Steering Committee Recommendations What is a Technical Interactive Forum? Kimery C. Vories, USDI Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Session 1: Why Do We Protect Mines and Caves? Session Chairperson: Val Hildreth-Werker and Jim Werker, National Speleological Society, Hillsboro, New Mexico Cave and Karst Resources ............... Ronal Kerbo, National Park Service, Denver, Colorado Importance of Protecting Mines J. Scott Altenbach and Richard E. Sherwin, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico Legal Issues Associated with Bat Gate Construction Jim Nieland, U.S. Forest Service, Amboy, Washington and Len Meier, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Management and Prote ction Issues on Private Land Heather Garland, The Nature Conservancy--Tennessee, Nashville, Tennessee Consequences of Not Protecting the Resource Mark Mesch, Utah Division of Oil, Gas, and Mining, Salt Lake City, Utah Session 2: Project Planning Session Chairperson: Len Meier, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Performing a Needs Assessment for Potential Gating a Cave or Mine Rick Olson, National Park Service, Mammoth Cave, Kentucky Developing a Project Strategy Susanna Henry, Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, Yuma, Arizona Bio-Assessment--Determining the Suitabilaity of Mines and Caves for Bats Dr. Patricia Brown, University of California at Los Angeles, Bishop, California Developing a Cave or Mine Managment Plan Amy Fesnock, Pinnacles National Monument, National Park Service, Paicines, California Bat Gates and NEPA Compliance Fred Sherfy, Office of Surface Mining, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Funding a Bat Gate Project:An Overview of Public and Private Sector Financial Resources for the Environmental Professional Joseph Kath, Illinois DNR, Division of Natural Heritage, Springfield, Illinois Cave Gating Partnerships: Success through Careful Planning and Coordinatio n Steve Walker, Bat Conservation International, Austin, Texas v Training Opportunities for Cave and Mine Gaters Jim Kennedy, Bat Conservation International, Austin, Texas Session 3: Closure Design: Part 1 Session Chairperson: John Kretzmann, New Mexico Abandoned Mine Land Bureau, Sante Fe, New Mexico Bat Roost Protection: Closure Design using Soft Closures Debbie and and Bob Buecher, National Speleological Society, Tucson, Arizona Cable Nets for Bat Habitat Preservation John Kretzmann, New Mexico Mining and Minerals Division, Sante Fe, New Mexico Solid and Invertebrate Cave Gate Options Mike Warton, Mike Warton & Associates, Cedar Park, Texas Culvert Closure Design and Constr uction Jim Langdon, Idaho Panhandle National Forest, Couer d' Alene, Idaho Protecting Cave Bat Populations with Flyover Barriers Blake Sasse, Arkansas Game & Fish, Little Rock, Arkansas Session 4: Closure Design: Part 2 Session Chairperson: Keith Dunlap, Indiana Karst Conservancy, Indianapolis, Indiana Ladder Bat Gates Kirk Navo, Colorado Division of Wildlife, Monte Vista, Colorado and Paul Krabacher, Colorado Division of Minerals & Geology, Grand Junction, Colorado Horizontal Bar Gates - An Overview Dave Dalton, Gating Consultant, Tucson, Arizona The Angle Iron Bat Gate Roy Powers, American Cave Conservation Association, Duffield, Virginia Rectangular Tube Gating Marion Vittetoe, Gating Consultant, Tucson Arizona Round Bar Manganal Steel "Jail Bar" Bat Gate Louis Amodt and Mark Mesch, Utah Division of Oil, Gas, and Mining, Salt Lake City, Utah Bat Cupola Design Considerations John Kretzmann, New Mexico Mining and Minerals Division, Sante Fe, New Mexico Characte ristics of Materials Used in Cave and Mine Gates Jim Werker, National Speleological Society, Hillsboro, New Mexico Session 5: Construction Managment Session Chairperson: Dr. Patricia Brown, University of California at Los Angeles, Bishop, California Bat Grate Construction/Contract Mangement Paul Krabacher, Colorado Division of Minerals and Geology, Grand Junction, Colorado Eastern Consultant Perspective Kristen Bobo, American Cave Conservation Association, Duffield Virginia Western Contractor Perspective Ed Winchester, Frontier Environmental Services, Ridgecrest, California Partner and Volunteer Logistics Mark Stacy, Indiana DNR, Division of Reclamation, Jasonville, Indiana Why Investigate Abandoned and Underground Mine Workings? John Burghardt, National Park Service, Mining and Minerals Branch, Denver, Colorado v Bat Gate Construction, On-Site Coordination, and Work Jim Nieland, U.S. Forest Service, Amboy, Washington Personnel and Qualifications Bob Hall, Bureau of Land Management, Kingman, Arizona Session 6: Monitoring and Maintenance Session Chairperson: Robert Currie, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Asheville, North Carolina The Response of Bats to Gates J. Scott Altenbach and Richard E. Sherwin, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico and Shauna Haymond, Holistic Wildlife Services, Rio Rancho, New Mexico Monitoring the Effectiveness of Bat Compatible Mine Gates Mike Herder, Bureau of Land Management, St. George, Utah Pre- and Post-Gate Microclimate Monitor ing Jim Kennedy, Bat Conservation International, Austin, Texas Closure Repair and Maintenance Dave Bucknam, Colorado DNR, Minerals & Geology Division, Denver, Colorado Policies, Management, and Monitoring:Protection of Habitat Using Bat Gates Jim Nieland, U.S. Forest Service, Amboy, Washington Demonstration of Bat Gate Database Mark Mesch and Paul Wisniewski, Utah Division of Oil, Gas, and Mining, Salt Lake City, Utah and Len Meier, Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Poster Presentations Where Do We Go From Here? Forum Participant Recommendations Survey Results Participant Statistics,Comments, and Individual Recommendations Appendix 1: Recorded Discussions Edited by Kimery C. Vories, USDI Office of Surface Mining, Alton, Illinois Participants List Addresses and Phone Numbers v FOREWORD On December 15, 1998, the Office of Surface Mining (OSM) signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Bat Conservation International, Inc. in order to establish a framework for cooperative efforts between the two organizations to maintain and increase the conservation of bats and their habitats. Under this agreement, OSM will: $ Consider the conservation of bats and their hab itats in the development and implementation of abandoned mine land (AML) reclamation standards and recommendations to States and Indian Tribes. $ Provide assistance in the development of AML programs to help manage bats and their habitats. $ For Federal Programs, monitor non-emergency AML shaft and portal areas for bat activity prior to reclamation. $ As appropriate, require the use of bat gates to seal the shafts of portals where bat habitation is known and would be endangered if sealed otherwise. OSM will encourage the States and Tribes to do the same. $ Promote the education of OSM staff, State agencies, and Indian Tribes as to: the beneficial aspects of conserving bats, tested methods to safeguard bat habitat and public health, and ways to mitigate for loss of bat roosts and habitat. On March 1, 1999, OSM convened a multi-agency, multi-interest group, steering committee made up of people who have experience in this area in order to initiate planning for a technical interactive forum on the subject of Bat Conservation and Mining.