CEN/TC304 N932 Source: Secretariat Date: 15 Dec 1999 Title: European Fallback Rules, ballot Mailed: 15 Dec 1999 Status: TC-enquiry: DEADLINE 1st March 2000

Action required: Respond before 1 March 2000 * Notes: This is a TC-enquiry, to establish the suitability of N932 to be sent for Formal vote as prENV. National member body officers, responsible for CEN/TC304 issues are asked to fill in this form and send it to the TC-secretariat before 1 March 2000.

Comments in any form will be forwarded to the CEN/TC 304 Project Team of European Fallback Rules. The PT will before the next plenary of TC304 in April 2000 produce a disposition of comments and a revised draft. The PT will produce a disposition of comments and plans to ask the TC304 plenary in November to approve a revised draft to be sent for Formal Vote. Comments from affiliated members of CEN and liaisons are welcome and will be considered.

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Name:______EUROPEAN PRESTANDARD DRAFT PRÉNORME EUROPÉENNE prENV_____ EUROPÄISCHE VORNORM

ICS: 35.040

Descriptors: Data processing, information interchange, text processing, text communication, graphic characters, character sets, representation of characters, coded character sets, conversion, fallback

English version Information Technology European fallback rules

Technologies de l'information- Informations technologies Character repertoire and coding transformations: Character repertoire and coding transformations: European fallback rules - Nº 1 European fallback rules - Nº 1

This draft ENV is submitted to CEN members for Formal Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 304.

This draft ENV was prepared by CEN in one official version (English). A version in another language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official version.

CEN members are the national bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom.

CEN

European Committee for Standardisation Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komite für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36,B-1050 Brussels

© CEN 1999 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref.No. ENV_____:1999 This page has been left intentionally blank. Contents

Foreword ...... 4 0. Introduction ...... 5 0.1 Rationale for the standard provision of fallback rules...... 5 0.2 Basic concepts ...... 6 0.2 Requirements...... 6 0.3 Satisfying the requirements ...... 7 1. Scope and field of application ...... 7 1.1 Scope ...... 7 1.2 Field of application...... 7 2. Normative references...... 7 3. Definitions and abbreviations...... 8 3.1 Basic definitions...... 8 3.2 Other definitions...... 8 3.2 Abbreviations ...... 9 4. Conformance ...... 9 5. Fallback rules specification ...... 9 5.1 Specification of the general fallback rules ...... 9 ANNEX 1. (Normative) The list of fallback specification per character...... 9 Table I GENERAL FALLBACK TABLE ...... 9 ANNEX II (Informative) EXAMPLES OF TEXT IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES PRESENTED WITH FALLBACKS FROM TABLE I ANNEX III (Informative) Notes on fallback for Latin, Greek and Cyrillic characters ANNEX IV (Informative) Bibliography...... Foreword

This ENV was prepared by CEN/TC304 European Localisation Requirements. It was approved in the month of_____ 1999. No other organisation than CEN took part in the preparation of this document.

This European Standard is intended to facilitate cross border communications and data exchange and to ensure that European cultural requirements are safeguarded in the increasingly interconnected world of today. It provides rules for fallback for multilingual European texts into the invariant set of ISO/IEC 646. These rules come into effect if data from different languages must be represented by equipment and systems which do not support the presentation of all the characters in the different language repertoires.

This European Standard does not intend to influence, let alone substitute itself for, national standards or customs in this field. Nevertheless, national standards have the opportunity to adapt this European Standard by declaring a formalized set of deviation rules (»delta«) if they so wish.

This document does not cancel or replace another standard.

There is no known identical national standard in Europe.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Common Rules the following countries are bound to announce the existence of this ENV: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom. 0. Introduction

0.1 Rationale for the standard provision of fallback rules

Users who are trying to write text in a language which is not their mother language often wish to write that text using a character repertoire which does not contain all the letters needed for that language, especially those with diacritic marks. A standard method of character substitution would be useful for such users.

In spite of the computers being able to process larger repertoires of graphic characters than ever before, there are cases where it is not possible to render all the characters of a processing repertoire on an output device. In these cases, not all the characters in a processing repertoire are available in an output repertoire. In order to cater for these situations, a widely applicable standard method of character substitution (fallback) is required which will allow an approximate rendition to be made of the unsupported characters of the processing repertoire for output and rendition.

Examples of key applications are: a) a multilingual information service offered across Europe where personal or business documents come from different countries and are presented in a standardised rendition using MES 2 characters and which cannot be properly represented by the information service; and b) search engines in the World Wide Web which make use of "fuzzy" search techniques based on the use of search terms which have diacritical marks removed and make use of common substitutions for less frequently used letters of the Latin alphabet. Examples of the latter are - eth (ð), thorn (Þ), æ, œ and the German sharp s (ß)

The provision of single fallback rules with a collection of fallback representations for MES 2 will enable the services to be improved and the applications easier for use by the human end user. A standard set of substitutions would be useful for such applications in order to avoid confusion. The same applies for the other two scripts represented by MES-2, Cyrillic and Greek.

The justification for preparing an ENV for these purposes is that the concept of representing the characters without diacritical marks is not useful for scripts originating outside Europe. Furthermore, Standardisation bodies of Europe that may wish to specify National schemes for fallback may modify the scheme given in this ENV for a limited set of characters and promulgate national standards for fallbacks. Greek and Cyrillic fallback representation specified in this ENV should be used with caution since transliteration into various Latin script languages depends on the target language. Local standards or local best practice should be referenced where they exist.

The European standard fallback specification can be used as a default in all relevant situations. It can be used as the basis for national standards with local preferences being used for specific substitutions defined by particular nation. It is expected that national standards for fallback will be registered in the international cultural registry as part of national locales. Well known local solutions will also be documented in addition to the default values. 0.2 Basic concepts

This standard specifies how a source stream of coded characters from a processing repertoire is represented in a target stream of an output repertoire. The worst case that is covered by the substitutions defined in this standard is where the processing repertoire is MES-2 and the output repertoire is the invariant repertoire of ISO/IEC 646. The coding of the processing repertoire and the coding of the output repertoire are outside the scope of this standard.

Characters in the source stream which occur in the output repertoire are transferred directly to the target stream without substitution. Characters in the source stream which do not occur in the output repertoire are subject to substitution.

There are two types of substitution. In the first type, the target characters are represented in a way that disables the reverse transformation of the target stream to the source stream because of loss of information. A very common example of this type of presentation is when the Latin small letter e acute (é) is presented by Latin small letter e (e). This type of substitution when a letter with diacritical mark is represented with the same character but without diacritical mark is known as accent dropping The second type of presentation introduces special symbols that preserve the information about the original graphical symbol enabling transformation of the character stream to the original encoding. An example of this is the use of the SGML symbols (e.g. é in the case above). This type of substitution is outside the scope of this standard.

The substitution with loss of information can have more forms, but two main classes are always recognised as basic:

-one-to-many when one graphical character of the source stream is substituted with more than one graphical character from the output repertoire in the target stream. An example of this type of presentation is Latin capital letter Æ presented as AE. This class is recommended for general use.

-one-to-one when one graphical character of the source stream is substituted with one graphical character of the output repertoire in the target stream. This type of presentation is required in applications were the number of characters in the data entries or fields (e.g. in data bases or application forms) is fixed. The accent dropping is a type of one to one substitution. It is anticipated that this class will have minority application and should be discouraged, only to be used when there are strong technical reason for doing so.

0.3 Requirements

It is desirable that a standard fallback specification have a very large field of application so that it may be used across a wide range of platforms. To achieve this, a fallback specification is needed for a processing repertoire which is a superset of a large proportion of existing processing repertoires. Also, a fallback repertoire is needed which is a subset of a large proportion of existing output repertoires. The characters contained in the collection Multilingual European Subset No.2 (MES-2) specified in ISO/IEC 10646, have a wide usage across Europe. In many cases, MES-2 will become the processing repertoire of choice. MES-2 is a large repertoire for which there will be a need for a fallback specification.

0.4 Satisfying the requirements

MES-2 has been designed to be a superset of a wide range of processing repertoires for commercial and administrative applications in office environments across the EEA.

It is a valid assumption that the minimum output repertoire that is implemented in computer systems is the invariant repertoire of ISO/IEC 646. Therefore a substitution with one or more characters from the invariant repertoire of ISO/IEC 646 will always be able to be rendered on an output device. The invariant repertoire of ISO/IEC 646 does not have letters with diacritic marks nor letters from national alphabets used in Europe.

This standard satisfies the requirements by providing a fallback specification which can represent each character of MES-2 with one or more characters of the invariant repertoire of ISO/IEC 646.

1. Scope and field of application

1.1 Scope

This standard specifies the representation of the characters of the collection Multilingual European Subset No.2 (MES 2) with the characters from the repertoire of the invariant part of ISO/IEC 646 (83 graphic characters). Where a character of MES-2 is not available in the invariant set of ISO/IEC 646, a fallback representation for rendering is specified.

1.2 Field of application

The fallback rules given here are only intended for data in more than one European language, i.e. for use in pan-European applications. They are not meant to influence, let alone replace existing national standards or practices.

2. Normative references

2.1 ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993, Information technology-Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)-Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane.

2.2 ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993/Cor.1:1996, Information technology-Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)-Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane, Technical Corrigendum 1.

2.3 ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology - ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange. 3. Definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Basic definitions

For the purposes of this standard the basic definitions of ISO/IEC 10646-1 section 4 apply. The following are reproduced here for ease of reference:

3.1.1 character: A member of a set of elements used for organisation, control, or representation of data.

3.1.2 coded character: A character together with its coded representation.

3.1.3 coded character set: A set of unambiguous rules that establishes a character set and the relationship between the characters of the set and their coded representation.

3.1.4 repertoire: A specified set of characters that are represented in a coded character set

3.1.5 presentation: To present: the process of writing, printing, or displaying of a graphic symbol.

3.1.6 graphic symbol: The visual representation of a graphic character or of a composite sequence.

3.1.7 graphic character: A character, other than a control function, that has a visual representation, normally hand-written, printed, or displayed.

3.2 Other definitions

Also, the following definitions apply:

3.2.1 diacritical mark: Any of a number of recurring graphical structures placed over, under, next to, or through a basic letter which does not significantly modify the shape of the basic letter itself and which in combination with that basic letter is a graphic character of the identified repertoire of MES-2.

3.2.2 letter with diacritical mark: A letter which is constructed as the combination of a basic letter and a diacritical mark.

3.2.3 basic letter: a letter that is one of the letters of the repertoire of the IRV of ISO 646.

3.2.4 character stream: A series of coded characters in sequence, sometimes referenced as a stream.

3.2.5 character classification: The characters of the repertoire characters are classified into letters, digits and special characters.

3.2.6 processing repertoire: This is the repertoire used by an application for processing character based information. 3.2.7 output repertoire: This the repertoire used by a computer system for external representation of character based information.

3.2 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations apply:

3.2.1 MES-2: Multilingual European Subset No. 2

4. Conformance

A claim of conformance to this standard during a fallback operation implies representing the characters of MES-2 (as specified in Table 1 columns 1-3) by the characters of the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646 (as specified in Table 1, column 4).

The fallbacks used in Table 1, column 5 should only be used where no other fallback is possible.

5. Fallback rules specification

5.1 Specification of the general fallback rules

This standard provides two mappings for substitution. The first mapping is one to many (1: many) and the second is one to one (1:0) fallback for characters outside of the ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset. The one-to-one mapping should be avoided, and used only when technical difficulties prevent the use of the one-to-many fallback.

Common practice is used as the basis for determining fallbacks, where possible. Both fallback methods drop accents (diacritical marks). Common practice in several European countries leads to fallbacks to digraphs for several accented and modified vowels used in Nordic countries and in German-speaking countries (aa, ae, oe, ue, etc). One character may default to several characters, especially in the case of symbols, where fallbacks are sometimes based on the name of the character.

Fallbacks for the letters of the Greek and Cyrillic alphabets are based on the international romanisation standards ISO 843 and ISO 9 where possible, amended where necessary to allow fallbacks to be limited to the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646.

ANNEX 1. (Normative) The list of fallback specification per character

Table I GENERAL FALLBACK TABLE

Column 1 contains the ISO/IEC 10646-1 code for the source character Column 2 contains a glyph Column 3 contains the ISO/IEC 10646-1 character name Column 4 contains a glyph or glyphs for the one-to-many fallback Column 5 contains a glyph for the one-to-one fallback

ANNEX II . (Informative)

Examples of fallback representation of text in different languages and scripts

Multilingual original text

Notre ancienne langue est le fondement de notre héritage culturel et spirituel sans lequel nous ne pourrions exister de la façon prévue par notre Créateur.L’éducation est la transmission de la culture et des valeurs; parconséquent, nous déclarons que l’éducation de la langue ancienne sera le moyen de transmission de la de l’héritage spirituel et culturel.

In alten, alten Zeiten, als die Menschen nochin ganz anderen Sprachen redeten, gab es in den warmen Ländern schongroße und prächtige Städte. Da erhoben sich die Paläste derKönige und Kaiser, da gab es breite Straßen, enge Gassen und winkelige Gäßchen, da standen herrliche Tempel mit goldenen undmarmornen Götterstatuen, da gab es bunte Märkte, wo Waren aus allerHerren Länder feilgeboten wurden, und weite schöne Plätze, wo dieLeute sich versammelten, um Neuigkeiten zu besprechen und Reden zu halten oder anzuhören. Und vor allem gab es dortgroße Theater.

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Notre ancienne langue est le fondement de notre heritage culturel et spirituel sans lequel nous ne pourrions exister de la facon prevue par notre Createur. L'education est la transmission de la culture et des valeurs; par consequent, nous declarons que l'education de la langue ancienne sera le moyen de transmission de l'heritage spirituel et culturel.

In alten, alten Zeiten, als die Menschen nochin ganz anderen Sprachen redeten, gab es in den warmen Laendern schongrosse und praechtige Staedte. Da erhoben sich die Palaeste der Koenigeund Kaiser, da gab es breite Strassen, enge Gaessen und winkelige Gasschen, da standen herrliche Tempel mitgoldenen und marmornen Goetterstatuen, da gab es bunte Maerkte, wo Warenaus aller Herren Laender feilgeboten wurden, und weite schoene Plaetze, wo die Leute sich versammelten, um Neuigkeiten zu besprechen und Reden zu halten oder anzuehoren. Und vorallem gab es dortgrosse Theater.

Internet je tehnoloshki in druzhbeni fenomen devedesetih let. O Internetu se povsod govori in pishe. Nekateri opisujejo Internet kot pojav novega obdobja v razvoju druzhbe in jo imenujejo globalna informacijska druzhba ali bolj natanchno informacijska infrastruktura te druzhbe. Poenostavljeno informacijska druzhba je globalna shirokopasovna komunikacijska infrastruktura in storitve za obchane, podjetja, ustanove in vse ostale subjekte svetovnega gospodarstva.

Kroz projekt Hrvatske akademske i istrazhivachke mrezhe CARnet i Klinike za bolesti srca i krvnih zhila Medicinskog fakulteta po prvi put u kardioloshkoj praksi biti ce izvrsheno udaljeno podeshavanje elektrostimulatora srca na bolesniku putem Interneta. Uvodjenje ovakve prakse u podruchje medicine znachi niz prednosti za bolesnike sa ugradjenim elektrostimulatorom.

Na VSEKH virtualynih serverakh, razmeshchennyikh na baze kompanii Yelvis-Telekom bez vzimaniya dopolnitel”noj oplat’i vklyuchena vozmozhnost’ ispol’zovaniya RNR3. Rasshirenie fajlov, ispol’zuemoe dlya obrabotki RNR. Dokumentatsiya po RNR3 i drugim sredstva WWW programmirovaniya dostupna tut. Uvazhaemye Polz’ovateli! Nesmotrya na vvedenie v Moskve s 1 iyuliya 1999 goda 2%-nogo naloga s prodazh, kompaniya YELVIS-TELEKOM prinyala reshenie: ne povyshat’ svoi tarif’i na vse vidyi uslug.

I kao shto svaka bajka jelte pochinje evo i mi c'emo pocheti a kako c'e se zavrshiti zavisi od nashe prljave mashte. Nekada davno zhiveli su Ivica i Marica u gustoj shumi. Medjutim u istoj shumi je zhivela stara veshtica.

Opo6- diapisto-sate to pio basiko apo ta endiaferonta moy einai ta atoma me ti6- legomene6- “eidekes anagke6-“ i- oi anthro-poi me anapi-rie6-. Ascholoymai me ti-n ekdosi- toy periodikoy ANAPI-RIA TO-RA katho-6- kai me to sti-sipso ayto-n to-n selido-n. Annex III: Notes on fallback for Latin, Greek and Cyrillic characters

III.0 Fallback from extended Latin characters

Diacritics as parts of pre-composed Latin characters are not recorded, although non-combining free- standing diacritics (rarely used in practice, compared to their precomposed forms in MES-2 (or in combination with their combining forms if this fallback standard were to be extended to MES-3) are recorded as " . "

Note: sometimes extended Latin to basic Latin fallback is described as transliteration. This should more correctly be described as fallback, as transliteration really relates to the Conversion of Scripts: transliteration is a form of Romanization as noted below in section III.1.

III.1 Fallback from Greek characters to Latin characters

Fallback from Greek characters to the ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset is effectively the same as Romanization. There are two types of romanization: transliteration and transcription.

Transliteration is a simple character by character conversion, irrespective of pronunciation.

Transcription undertakes additional conversions to maximise compatibility with pronunciation, and may differ in detail from a simple transliteration. For some languages and scripts the two outcomes can be identical, but for some languages, including Greek, transcription is desirable due to the way the Greek language is written in Greek script.

In some cases, including Greek to Latin, transcription can also be undertaken through a multiple- pass (usually a two pass) process, to achieve a more pronouncable fallback. Restoration of the original script is possible both from fallback using transliteration, and from fallback using transcription. Transcription is the preferred method used in Greece.

In this context transcription provides different conversions on some character pairs, before undertaking a simple transliteration fallback. The fallback repertoire in both cases is the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646.

From the Greek characters in Table 1 it is is possible to derive: - one-to-many transliteration fallbacks, - one-to-many transcription fallbacks, or - one-to-one transliteration fallbacks.

In any body of Greek text that has been converted via a fallback conversion to the repertoire of the ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset, it should be possible to compare the text against Table 1 or Table 2, to determine whether the fallback conversion has used (in order of preference) a one-to-many transliteration fallback, a one-to-many transcription fallback, or a one-to-one transliteration fallback.

III.2. one-to-many transliteration fallbacks Fallbacks that are listed in Table 1 for Greek characters provide a one-to-many transliteration fallback for Greek according to the provisions of the Romanization standards ISO 843 and ELOT 743 with minor modifications to ensure that the fallbacks are limited to the repertoire of the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646.

The most obvious modification is use of " - " (HYPHEN-MINUS) instead of the macron specified in ISO 843 and ELOT 743. In one-to-many fallback, this is used with the Greek letters OMEGA and ETA, as is typically used in Greece. The use of " - " is also extended to the much more rarely used Greek symbols outside the range of basic Greek characters in order to maximise distinctiveness in characters, while maximising readability.

In Greek text there is little use of HYPHEN-MINUS within words, so ambiguous fallback text is unlikely as a result of this usage.

In addition, diacritics as parts of pre-composed Greek characters are not recorded, although non- combining free-standing diacritics (rarely used in practice, compared to Greek letters including precomposed diacritics) are recorded as " . " which is identical to the treatment of such characters in fallback from Latin script characters.

III.3. one-to-many transcription fallbacks

Note: for Greek characters, a one-to-many transcription fallback is strongly preferred to a one-to- many transliteration fallback. It is the transcription tables from ISO 843 and ELOT 743 that are used in Greece and Cyprus, not simply the transliteration tables.

Transcription can also be achieved automatically, using a multiple stage fallback conversion, again using only the repertoire of the ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset.

Transcription provides a better equivalence to Greek pronunciation, by using a simple automatic multiple-pass conversion on some digraphs or trigraphs used in Greek before performing a simple fallback conversion on the remaining single characters.

Transcription can be applied either to the source data or the target data, after a one-to-many transcription fallback has been performed.

The transcription table appears as Table 2 in this standard.

III.4. Restoring Greek text from Latin script fallback text

A reversible transformation from the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646 back to the equivalent Greek characters is also possible, whether this is done using a one-to-many transcription fallback or a one- to-many transliteration fallback, although information on restoration of relevant Greek diacritics is outside the scope of this standard.

III.5. one-to-one transliteration fallbacks Note that the use of a one-to-one transliteration fallback would result in incorrect data if a similar Latin to Greek conversion were to be applied. Use of one-to-one fallback is generally discouraged in this standard, and should be particularly avoided when dealing with Greek text.

III.6 Fallback from Cyrillic characters to Latin characters

From the Cyrillic characters in Table 1 it is possible to derive one-to-many transliteration fallbacks or one-to-one transliteration fallbacks.

In any body of Cyrillic script text that has been converted via a fallback conversion to the repertoire of the ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset, it may be possible to use statistical analysis of fallback text to determine the likely languages used in fallback text.

Specification of such analyses is outside the scope of this standard: however it may be useful to note that the characters in the Cyrillic section of Table 1 can be loosely grouped as:

(a) 0410-044F Basic Slavonic Cyrillic characters (in Russian/Bulgarian) (b) 0490-0491 Additional Ukrainian/Belarusian characters (c) 0401-040F&) Additional modern Slavonic Cyrillic characters 0451-045F ) (in the above languages and in Serbian and Macedonian) (d) 0492-04F9 ) + 048C-048F ) Additional modern non-Slavonic Cyrillic characters + 04EC-04ED ) (e) 0460-0486 Additional archaic Slavonic Cyrillic characters + indicates new to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000.

Languages using ranges (b), (c), (d) and (e) also tend to use most of the characters from the range (a). Russian (except for using 0401 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IO and 0451 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO) and Bulgarian generally use only characters from the range (a).

Diacritics as parts of pre-composed Cyrillic script characters are noted in the same way as other modifications to basic characters, mainly through use of " ' " (APOSTROPHE).

[Combining diacritics, which are rarely used in practice, compared to their pre composed forms in MES-2 (or in combination with their combining forms if this fallback standard were to be extended to MES-3) are recorded as " . "]

III.7. one-to-many transliteration fallbacks

Fallbacks that are listed in the section of Table 1 listing Cyrillic characters provide a one-to-many transliteration fallback for Cyrillic script, based where possible on tables in the Cyrillic Romanization standard ISO 9, with modifications to ensure that the fallbacks are limited to the repertoire of the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646, and to allow the possibility of conversion of fallback text from the repertoire of ISO/IEC 646 back to Cyrillic characters, if required.

As ISO 9 is currently under process of revision, the fallbacks in the Cyrillic section of Table 1 also take into account approaches being considered during this revision. These include the use of "fallback-like" transliterations available as an option in ISO R/9, the predecessor of ISO 9 for the following characters: 0416; 0419; 0425; 0426; 0427; 0428; 0429; 042E and 042F (upper-case) 0436; 0439; 0445; 0446; 0447; 0448; 0449; 044E and 044F (lower-case).

It is also planned to document language-specific romanizations both in the revised ISO 9 and in this European fallback standard.

The main modification of ISO 9 is use of " ' " (APOSTROPHE) instead of the various diacritics specified in ISO 9. APOSTROPHE is mainly used for the fallback of less common characters, in order to maximise distinctiveness of characters, while maximising readability. In Cyrillic text there is very little use of APOSTROPHE within words, so ambiguous fallback text is unlikely as a result of this usage.

III.8 Restoring Cyrillic text from Latin script fallback text

Unequivocal reversible transformation from the Invariant Subset of ISO/IEC 646 back to the equivalent Cyrillic text is not possible, due to the number of Cyrillic characters with identical fallbacks.

However, it may still be possible to produce readable Cyrillic text, in transforming back from fallback text which may contain errors due to information loss, and to use other comparison methods, including the use of spelling checkers, to improve the text. Before any such transformation back to Cyrillic script text, it would be essential to do a multiple pass conversion first, transforming various multiple character fallbacks first.

Specification of such comparison methods to improve the accuracy of text converted back to Cyrillic script is outside the scope of this standard.

III.9 One-to-one transliteration fallbacks

One-to-one transliteration fallbacks are discouraged due to the resulting ambivalent text, which is likely to be much more difficult to read, or to enable reconstruction of the original text, than is the case for Latin or Greek text, as there are more basic Cyrillic script letters in many languages than is the case for basic letters in Greek script or Latin script.

Note that the use of a one-to-one transliteration fallback would result in incorrect data if a similar Latin script to Cyrillic script conversion were to be applied. Use of one-to-one fallback is generally discouraged in this standard, and should be particularly avoided when dealing with Cyrillic text. Table 2 ISO 843 Transcription modified for ISO/IEC 646 Invariant Subset fallback Transliteration, and Transcription possibilities for character pairs (transcription shown only where different from transliteration) ------UCS ID 1st and 2nd letters Transliterated Transcription ------0391 03B1 ALPHA A a ALPHA + UPSILON Ay ay AV av [1] ALPHA + UPSILON Ay ay AF af [2] ------0392 03B2 BETA V v ------0393 03B3 GAMMA G g GAMMA + GAMMA Gg gg NG ng GAMMA + XI Gx gx NX nx GAMMA + CHI Gch gch NCH nch ------0394 03B4 DELTA D d ------0395 03B5 EPSILON E e EPSILON+UPSILON Ey ey EV ev [1] EPSILON+UPSILON Ey ey EF ef [2] ------0396 03B6 ZETA Z z ------0397 03B7 ETA I- i- ETA + UPSILON I-y i-y IV iv [1] ETA + UPSILON I-y i-y IF if [2] ------0398 03B8 THETA Th th ------0399 03B9 IOTA I i ------039A 03BA KAPPA K k ------039B 03BB LAMDA L l ------039C 03BC MU M m MU + PI Mp mp B b [3] ------039D 03BD NU N n ------039E 03BE XI X x ------039F 03BF OMICRON O o OMICRON+UPSILON Oy oy OU ou [4] ------03A0 03C0 PI P p ------03A1 03C1 RHO R r ------03A3 03C3 SIGMA S s [5] ------03A4 03C4 TAU T t ------03A5 03C5 UPSILON Y y ------03A6 03C6 PHI F f ------03A7 03C7 CHI Ch ch ------03A8 03C8 PSI Ps ps ------03A9 03C9 OMEGA O- o------

[1] Before BETA, GAMMA, DELTA, ZETA, LAMDA, MU, NU, RHO & before all vowels,unless the fallback is from an accented UPSILON, when a simple transliteration is used. [2] Before THETA, KAPPA, XI, PI, SIGMA, TAU, CHI, PSI and at end of words,unless the fallback is from an accented UPSILON, when a simple transliteration is used. [3] "B" At the beginning or end of words; "mp" in the middle of words. Note that sometimes 03D0 GREEK BETA SYMBOL is used as an explicit B, in cases where users want to make clear its distinction as sounding like a B, in comparison to BETA (romanized as V). Unlike MU with PI, note that NU with TAU are not transcribed to LATIN LETTER D in ISO 843 or ELOT 743. [4] If a vowel in the pair is accented, then a simple transliteration is used. [5] 03C2 GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA only occurs at the end of words, so it is straightforward to distinguish 03C3 from 03C2 in reconversion, even though in Latin fallback text both default to a single character s. ANNEX IV (Informative) Bibliography

1. ISO/IEC 8879, 1986 (SGML), Standardised General Mark up Language

2.Satz und Korrektur Anweisungen mit aus Fuhrilicher Beispiel Sammlung, Publisher: Duden Verlag, Menheim Wien, Zuerich 1986

3. EWOS EG/ODA/91/Technical Guidance in Fallbacks for ENV 41 510: 1992

4. CWA TC304/MES-2:1999

5.Information Technology -Character Repertoire and Coding for Interworking with Telex services, EN 1922:1997 CHARACTERS AND FALLBACKS MES-2 0034 DIGIT FOUR

FALLBACKS FALLBACK SOURCE CHARACTER 0035 DIGIT FIVE CHARACTERS CHARACTER One-to-one 0036 DIGIT SIX Code Glyph Character name One-to-many glyph(s) glyph 0037 DIGIT SEVEN 0020 SPACE

0038 DIGIT EIGHT 0021 EXCLAMATION MARK

0039 DIGIT NINE 0022 QUOTATION MARK

003A COLON 0023 NUMBER SIGN

003B SEMICOLON 24 DOLLAR SIGN

003C LESS-THAN SIGN 0025 PERCENT SIGN

003D EQUALS SIGN 0026 AMPERSAND

003E GREATER-THAN SIGN 0027 APOSTROPHE

003F QUESTION MARK 0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS

0040 COMMERCIAL AT 0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS

0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A 002A ASTERISK

0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B 002B PLUS SIGN

0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C 002C COMMA

0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D 002D HYPHEN-MINUS

0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E 002E FULL STOP

0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F 002F SOLIDUS

0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G 0030 DIGIT ZERO

0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H 0031 DIGIT ONE

0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I 0032 DIGIT TWO

004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J 0033 DIGIT THREE 004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K 0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B

004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L 0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C

004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M 0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D

004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N 0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E

004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O 0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F

0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P 0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G

0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q 0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H

0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R 0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I

0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S 006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J

0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T 006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K

0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U 006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L

0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V 006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M

0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W 006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N

0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X 006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O

0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y 0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P

005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z 0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q

005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET 0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R

005C REVERSE SOLIDUS 0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S

005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET 0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T

005E CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT 0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U

005F LOW LINE 0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V

0060 GRAVE ACCENT 0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W

0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A 0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X 0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y 00B1 PLUS-MINUS SIGN

007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z 00B2 SUPERSCRIPT TWO

007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET 00B3 SUPERSCRIPT THREE

007C VERTICAL LINE 00B4 ACUTE ACCENT

007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET 00B5 MICRO SIGN

007E TILDE 00B6 PILCROW SIGN

00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE 00B7 MIDDLE DOT

00A1 INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK 00B8 CEDILLA

00A2 CENT SIGN 00B9 SUPERSCRIPT ONE

00A3 POUND SIGN 00BA MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR

RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE 00A4 CURRENCY SIGN 00BB QUOTATION MARK

00A5 YEN SIGN 00BC VULGAR FRACTION ONE QUARTER

00A6 BROKEN BAR 00BD VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF

VULGAR FRACTION THREE 00A7 SECTION SIGN 00BE QUARTERS

00A8 DIAERESIS 00BF INVERTED QUESTION MARK

LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00A9 COPYRIGHT SIGN 00C0 GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00AA FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR 00C1 ACUTE LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00AB 00C2 QUOTATION MARK CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00AC NOT SIGN 00C3 TILDE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00AD SOFT HYPHEN 00C4 DIAERESIS LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 00AE REGISTERED SIGN 00C5 RING ABOVE

00AF MACRON 00C6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE

LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH 00B0 DEGREE SIGN 00C7 CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 00C8 00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00C9 00E0 ACUTE GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00CA 00E1 CIRCUMFLEX ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00CB 00E2 DIAERESIS CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00CC 00E3 GRAVE TILDE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00CD 00E4 ACUTE DIAERESIS LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 00CE 00E5 CIRCUMFLEX RING ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH 00CF 00E6 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE DIAERESIS LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH 00D0 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH 00E7 CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00D1 00E8 TILDE GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00D2 00E9 GRAVE ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00D3 00EA ACUTE CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00D4 00EB CIRCUMFLEX DIAERESIS LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH 00D5 00EC TILDE GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH 00D6 00ED DIAERESIS ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH 00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN 00EE CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH 00D8 00EF STROKE DIAERESIS LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 00D9 00F0 LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH 00DA 00F1 ACUTE TILDE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 00DB 00F2 CIRCUMFLEX GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 00DC 00F3 DIAERESIS ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 00DD 00F4 ACUTE CIRCUMFLEX LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 00DE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN 00F5 TILDE LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH 00F6 010D DIAERESIS CARON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH 00F7 DIVISION SIGN 010E CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH 00F8 010F STROKE CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH 00F9 0110 GRAVE STROKE LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH 00FA 0111 ACUTE STROKE LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 00FB 0112 CIRCUMFLEX MACRON LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00FC 0113 DIAERESIS MACRON LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 00FD 0114 ACUTE BREVE LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 00FE LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN 0115 BREVE LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 00FF 0116 DIAERESIS DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 0100 0117 MACRON DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 0101 0118 MACRON OGONEK LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 0102 0119 BREVE OGONEK LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 0103 011A BREVE CARON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 0104 011B OGONEK CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 0105 011C OGONEK CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH 0106 011D ACUTE CIRCUMFLEX LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 0107 011E ACUTE BREVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH 0108 011F CIRCUMFLEX BREVE LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 0109 0120 CIRCUMFLEX DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH 010A 0121 DOT ABOVE DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 010B 0122 DOT ABOVE CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH 010C 0123 CARON CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH 0124 013B CIRCUMFLEX CEDILLA LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH 0125 013C CIRCUMFLEX CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH 0126 013D STROKE CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH 0127 013E STROKE CARON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH 0128 013F TILDE MIDDLE DOT LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH 0129 0140 TILDE MIDDLE DOT LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH 012A 0141 MACRON STROKE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH 012B 0142 MACRON STROKE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH 012C 0143 BREVE ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH 012D 0144 BREVE ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH 012E 0145 OGONEK CEDILLA LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH 012F 0146 OGONEK CEDILLA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH 0130 0147 DOT ABOVE CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH 0131 0148 I CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER N 0132 LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE IJ 0149 PRECEDED BY APOSTROPHE

0133 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE IJ 014A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ENG

LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J WITH 0134 014B LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG CIRCUMFLEX LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH 0135 014C CIRCUMFLEX MACRON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 0136 014D CEDILLA MACRON LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH 0137 014E CEDILLA BREVE LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 0138 LATIN SMALL LETTER KRA 014F BREVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH 0139 0150 ACUTE DOUBLE ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 013A 0151 ACUTE DOUBLE ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 0152 LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE 0169 TILDE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 0153 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE 016A MACRON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 0154 016B ACUTE MACRON LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 0155 016C ACUTE BREVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 0156 016D CEDILLA BREVE LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 0157 016E CEDILLA RING ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 0158 016F CARON RING ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 0159 0170 CARON DOUBLE ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 015A 0171 ACUTE DOUBLE ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 015B 0172 ACUTE OGONEK LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH 015C 0173 CIRCUMFLEX OGONEK LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W WITH 015D 0174 CIRCUMFLEX CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH 015E 0175 CEDILLA CIRCUMFLEX LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH 015F 0176 CEDILLA CIRCUMFLEX LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH 0160 0177 CARON CIRCUMFLEX LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH 0161 0178 CARON DIAERESIS LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH 0162 0179 CEDILLA ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH 0163 017A CEDILLA ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH 0164 017B CARON DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH 0165 017C CARON DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH 0166 017D STROKE CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH 0167 017E STROKE CARON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH 0168 017F LATIN SMALL LETTER LONG S TILDE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE 018F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER SCHWA 01FC WITH ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH 0192 01FD HOOK ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH 01B7 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER EZH 01FE STROKE AND ACUTE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 01DE 01FF DIAERESIS AND MACRON STROKE AND ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 01DF 0218 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S DIAERESIS AND MACRON WITH COMMA BELOW LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 01E0 DOT ABOVE AND MACRON 0219 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH COMMA BELOW LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 01E1 DOT ABOVE AND MACRON 021A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE WITH COMMA BELOW 01E2 WITH MACRON 021B LATIN SMALL LETTER T LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH WITH COMMA BELOW 01E3 MACRON 021E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 01E4 WITH COMMA BELOW STROKE LATIN SMALL LETTER H LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH 021F 01E5 STROKE WITH COMMA BELOW LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH 01E6 0259 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH 01E7 027C CARON LONG LEG LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K WITH 01E8 0292 LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH MODIFIER LETTER TURNED 01E9 02BB CARON COMMA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH 01EA 02BC MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE OGONEK LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MODIFIER LETTER REVERSED 01EB 02BD OGONEK COMMA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX 01EC 02C6 OGONEK AND MACRON ACCENT LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH 01ED 02C7 CARON OGONEK AND MACRON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER EZH 01EE 02C9 MODIFIER LETTER MACRON WITH CARON LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH WITH 01EF 02D8 BREVE CARON LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH 01FA 02D9 DOT ABOVE RING ABOVE AND ACUTE LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH 01FB 02DA RING ABOVE RING ABOVE AND ACUTE GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 02DB OGONEK 0395 EPSILON

02DC SMALL TILDE 0396 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ZETA

02DD DOUBLE ACUTE ACCENT 0397 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA

MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE 02EE 0398 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA APOSTROPHE

0374 GREEK NUMERAL SIGN 0399 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA

0375 GREEK LOWER NUMERAL SIGN 039A GREEK CAPITAL LETTER KAPPA

037A GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI 039B GREEK CAPITAL LETTER LAMDA

037E GREEK QUESTION MARK 039C GREEK CAPITAL LETTER MU

0384 GREEK TONOS 039D GREEK CAPITAL LETTER NU

0385 GREEK DIALYTIKA TONOS 039E GREEK CAPITAL LETTER XI

GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 0386 039F WITH TONOS OMICRON

0387 GREEK ANO TELEIA 03A0 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI

GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 0388 03A1 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER RHO EPSILON WITH TONOS GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 0389 03A3 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA WITH TONOS GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 038A 03A4 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER TAU WITH TONOS GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 038C 03A5 OMICRON WITH TONOS UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 038E 03A6 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI UPSILON WITH TONOS GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 038F 03A7 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER CHI WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 0390 03A8 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PSI WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS

0391 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 03A9 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA

GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 0392 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER BETA 03AA WITH DIALYTIKA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 0393 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA 03AB UPSILON WITH DIALYTIKA GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 0394 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA 03AC WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON 03AD 03C4 GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 03AE 03C5 GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 03AF 03C6 GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 03B0 03C7 GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI WITH DIALYTIKA AND TONOS

03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 03C8 GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI

03B2 GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA 03C9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA

GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 03B3 GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA 03CA WITH DIALYTIKA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 03B4 GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA 03CB WITH DIALYTIKA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON 03B5 GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON 03CC WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 03B6 GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA 03CD WITH TONOS GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 03B7 GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA 03CE WITH TONOS

03B8 GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA 03D7 GREEK KAI SYMBOL

03B9 GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 03DA GREEK LETTER STIGMA

03BA GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA 03DB GREEK SMALL LETTER STIGMA

03BB GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA 03DC GREEK LETTER DIGAMMA

03BC GREEK SMALL LETTER MU 03DD GREEK SMALL LETTER DIGAMMA

03BD GREEK SMALL LETTER NU 03DE GREEK LETTER KOPPA

03BE GREEK SMALL LETTER XI 03DF GREEK SMALL LETTER KOPPA

03BF GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON 03E0 GREEK LETTER SAMPI

03C0 GREEK SMALL LETTER PI 03E1 GREEK SMALL LETTER SAMPI

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IE 03C1 GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO O400 WITH GRAVE GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL 03C2 0401 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IO SIGMA

03C3 GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA 0402 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DJE 0403 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GJE 041A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0404 041B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EL UKRAINIAN IE

0405 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZE 041C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EM

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0406 041D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I

0407 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YI 041E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O

0408 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER JE 041F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PE

0409 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER LJE 0420 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ER

040A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER NJE 0421 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 040B 0422 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TE TSHE

040C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KJE 0423 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I 040D 0424 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EF WITH GRAVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 040E 0425 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA SHORT U CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 040F 0426 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TSE DZHE

0410 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A 0427 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE

0411 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BE 0428 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0412 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER VE 0429 SHCHA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0413 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE 042A HARD SIGN CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0414 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DE 042B YERU CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0415 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER E 042C SOFT SIGN

0416 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE 042D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER E

0417 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZE 042E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YU

0418 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I 042F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YA

CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 0419 0430 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A SHORT I 0431 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BE 0448 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHA

0432 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE 0449 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHCHA

CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD 0433 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE 044A SIGN

0434 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DE 044B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU

CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT 0435 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE 044C SIGN

0436 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE 044D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER E

0437 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE 044E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YU

0438 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I 044F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA

CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE 0439 0450 I WITH GRAVE

043A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 0451 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO

043B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EL 0452 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DJE

043C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EM 0453 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GJE

CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 043D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN 0454 UKRAINIAN IE

043E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O 0455 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZE

CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 043F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PE 0456 BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I

0440 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER 0457 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YI

0441 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES 0458 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER JE

0442 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE 459 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER LJE

0443 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U 045A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER NJE

0444 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EF 045B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSHE

0445 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA 045C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KJE

0446 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSE 045D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT 0447 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE 045E U CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 045F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZHE 04A1 BASHKIR KA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN 048C 04A2 SEMISOFT SIGN WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04A3 048D WITH DESCENDER SEMISOFT SIGN CYRILLIC CAPITAL LIGATURE 04A4 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN GHE 048E ER WITH TICK CYRILLIC SMALL LIGATURE EN 04A5 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER GHE 048F WITH TICK CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PE 04A6 WITH MIDDLE HOOK CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE 0490 WITH UPTURN CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PE 04A7 WITH MIDDLE HOOK CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE 0491 WITH UPTURN CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04A8 ABKHASIAN HA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE 0492 WITH STROKE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04A9 ABKHASIAN HA CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE 0493 WITH STROKE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES 04AA WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE 0494 WITH MIDDLE HOOK CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES 04AB WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE 0495 WITH MIDDLE HOOK CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TE 04AC WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE 0496 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE 04AD WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE 0497 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04AE STRAIGHT U CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZE 0498 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04AF STRAIGHT U CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE 0499 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04B0 STRAIGHT U WITH STROKE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA 049A WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04B1 STRAIGHT U WITH STROKE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 049B WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA 04B2 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA 049C WITH VERTICAL STROKE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA 04B3 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 049D WITH VERTICAL STROKE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LIGATURE 04B4 TE TSE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA 049E WITH STROKE CYRILLIC SMALL LIGATURE TE 04B5 TSE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 049F WITH STROKE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE 04B6 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04A0 BASHKIR KA CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE 04B7 WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE CYRILLIC SMALL LIGATURE A 04B8 04D5 WITH VERTICAL STROKE IE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IE 04B9 04D6 WITH VERTICAL STROKE WITH BREVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE 04BA 04D7 SHHA WITH BREVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04BB CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHHA 04D8 SCHWA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04BC 04D9 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA ABKHASIAN CHE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04BD 04DA ABKHASIAN CHE SCHWA WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SCHWA 04DB 04BE ABKHASIAN CHE WITH WITH DIAERESIS DESCENDER CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE 04DC CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER WITH DIAERESIS 04BF ABKHASIAN CHE WITH DESCENDER CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE 04DD WITH DIAERESIS 04C0 CYRILLIC LETTER PALOCHKA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZE 04DE WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE 04C1 WITH BREVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE 04DF WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE 04C2 WITH BREVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04E0 ABKHASIAN DZE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA 04C3 WITH HOOK CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04E1 ABKHASIAN DZE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 04C4 WITH HOOK CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I 04E2 WITH MACRON CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN 04C7 WITH HOOK CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I 04E3 WITH MACRON CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN 04C8 WITH HOOK CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I 04E4 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04CB KHAKASSIAN CHE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I 04E5 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04CC KHAKASSIAN CHE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O 04E6 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A 04D0 WITH BREVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O 04E7 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A 04D1 WITH BREVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04E8 BARRED O CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A 04D2 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04E9 BARRED O CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A 04D3 WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER 04EA BARRED O WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LIGATURE A 04D4 IE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER 04EB BARRED O WITH DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH 04EC 1E61 BARRED E WITH DIAERESIS DOT ABOVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH 04ED 1E6A BARRED E WITH DIAERESIS DOT ABOVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH 04EE 1E6B WITH MACRON DOT ABOVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W WITH 04EF 1E80 WITH MACRON GRAVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH 04F0 1E81 WITH DIAERESIS GRAVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W WITH 04F1 1E82 WITH DIAERESIS ACUTE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH 04F2 1E83 WITH DOUBLE ACUTE ACUTE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W WITH 04F3 1E84 WITH DOUBLE ACUTE DIAERESIS CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH 04F4 1E85 WITH DIAERESIS DIAERESIS CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE LATIN SMALL LETTER LONG S 04F5 1E9B WITH DIAERESIS WITH DOT ABOVE CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH 04F8 1EF2 YERU WITH DIAERESIS GRAVE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH 04F9 1EF3 WITH DIAERESIS GRAVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E02 1F00 DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI LATIN SMALL LETTER B WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E03 1F01 DOT ABOVE WITH DASIA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E0A 1F02 DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI AND VARIA LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E0B 1F03 DOT ABOVE WITH DASIA AND VARIA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E1E 1F04 DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI AND OXIA LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E1F 1F05 DOT ABOVE WITH DASIA AND OXIA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E40 1F06 DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1E41 1F07 DOT ABOVE WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1E56 1F08 DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI LATIN SMALL LETTER P WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1E57 1F09 DOT ABOVE WITH DASIA LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1E60 1F0A DOT ABOVE WITH PSILI AND VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F0B 1F25 WITH DASIA AND VARIA DASIA AND OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F0C 1F26 WITH PSILI AND OXIA PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F0D 1F27 WITH DASIA AND OXIA DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F0E 1F28 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI WITH PSILI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F0F 1F29 WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI WITH DASIA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F10 1F2A WITH PSILI WITH PSILI AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F11 1F2B WITH DASIA WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F12 1F2C WITH PSILI AND VARIA WITH PSILI AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F13 1F2D WITH DASIA AND VARIA WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F14 1F2E WITH PSILI AND OXIA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1F15 1F2F WITH DASIA AND OXIA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F18 1F30 EPSILON WITH PSILI WITH PSILI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F19 1F31 EPSILON WITH DASIA WITH DASIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F32 1F1A EPSILON WITH PSILI AND WITH PSILI AND VARIA VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F33 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER WITH DASIA AND VARIA 1F1B EPSILON WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F34 WITH PSILI AND OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1F1C EPSILON WITH PSILI AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F35 WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1F1D EPSILON WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F36 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F20 PSILI GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F37 WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F21 DASIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1F38 WITH PSILI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F22 PSILI AND VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1F39 WITH DASIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F23 DASIA AND VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1F3A WITH PSILI AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F24 PSILI AND OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1F3B WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1F3C 1F56 WITH PSILI AND OXIA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1F3D 1F57 WITH DASIA AND OXIA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1F3E 1F59 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI UPSILON WITH DASIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1F3F WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI 1F5B UPSILON WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON 1F40 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER WITH PSILI 1F5D UPSILON WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON 1F41 WITH DASIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1F5F UPSILON WITH DASIA AND GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON PERISPOMENI 1F42 WITH PSILI AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F60 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH PSILI 1F43 WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F61 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH DASIA 1F44 WITH PSILI AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F62 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH PSILI AND VARIA 1F45 WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F63 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER WITH DASIA AND VARIA 1F48 OMICRON WITH PSILI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F64 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER WITH PSILI AND OXIA 1F49 OMICRON WITH DASIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F65 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER WITH DASIA AND OXIA 1F4A OMICRON WITH PSILI AND GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA VARIA 1F66 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F4B OMICRON WITH DASIA AND 1F67 VARIA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F4C 1F68 OMICRON WITH PSILI AND OXIA WITH PSILI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F4D 1F69 OMICRON WITH DASIA AND OXIA WITH DASIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F50 1F6A WITH PSILI WITH PSILI AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F51 1F6B WITH DASIA WITH DASIA AND VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F52 1F6C WITH PSILI AND VARIA WITH PSILI AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F53 1F6D WITH DASIA AND VARIA WITH DASIA AND OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F54 1F6E WITH PSILI AND OXIA WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F55 1F6F WITH DASIA AND OXIA WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F70 WITH VARIA 1F87 WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F71 WITH OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1F88 WITH PSILI AND GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON PROSGEGRAMMENI 1F72 WITH VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON 1F89 WITH DASIA AND 1F73 WITH OXIA PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1F74 VARIA 1F8A WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1F75 OXIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1F8B WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA PROSGEGRAMMENI 1F76 WITH VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1F8C WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND 1F77 WITH OXIA PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1F78 WITH VARIA 1F8D WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON 1F79 GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA 1F8E WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON AND PROSGEGRAMMENI 1F7A WITH VARIA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1F8F WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1F7B AND PROSGEGRAMMENI WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F90 1F7C PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1F91 1F7D DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F92 PSILI AND VARIA AND 1F80 WITH PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F93 DASIA AND VARIA AND 1F81 WITH DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F94 PSILI AND OXIA AND 1F82 WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F95 DASIA AND OXIA AND 1F83 WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F96 PSILI AND PERISPOMENI AND 1F84 WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F97 DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND 1F85 WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1F98 WITH PSILI AND 1F86 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F99 WITH DASIA AND 1FAA WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F9A WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND 1FAB WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F9B WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND 1FAC WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F9C WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND 1FAD WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F9D WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND 1FAE WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1F9E WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI 1FAF WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI AND PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB0 1F9F WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI WITH VRACHY AND PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB1 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH MACRON 1FA0 WITH PSILI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB2 WITH VARIA AND GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA YPOGEGRAMMENI 1FA1 WITH DASIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB3 WITH YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1FA2 WITH PSILI AND VARIA AND GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB4 YPOGEGRAMMENI WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA 1FB6 1FA3 WITH DASIA AND VARIA AND WITH PERISPOMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1FB7 WITH PERISPOMENI AND 1FA4 WITH PSILI AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1FB8 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH VRACHY 1FA5 WITH DASIA AND OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1FB9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH MACRON 1FA6 WITH PSILI AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1FBA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA 1FBB 1FA7 WITH DASIA AND PERISPOMENI WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1FBC 1FA8 WITH PSILI AND WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI PROSGEGRAMMENI 1FBD GREEK KORONIS GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1FA9 WITH DASIA AND PROSGEGRAMMENI 1FBE GREEK PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1FBF GREEK PSILI 1FD8 WITH VRACHY GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1FC0 GREEK PERISPOMENI 1FD9 WITH MACRON GREEK DIALYTIKA AND GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1FC1 1FDA PERISPOMENI WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA 1FC2 1FDB VARIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1FC3 1FDD GREEK DASIA AND VARIA YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1FC4 1FDE GREEK DASIA AND OXIA OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH 1FC6 1FDF GREEK DASIA AND PERISPOMENI PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1FE0 1FC7 PERISPOMENI AND WITH VRACHY YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FE1 1FC8 WITH MACRON EPSILON WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FE2 1FC9 WITH DIALYTIKA AND VARIA EPSILON WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1FE3 1FCA WITH DIALYTIKA AND OXIA WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1FE4 1FCB PSILI WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO WITH GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA 1FE5 1FCC DASIA WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1FE6 1FCD GREEK PSILI AND VARIA WITH PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON 1FCE GREEK PSILI AND OXIA 1FE7 WITH DIALYTIKA AND PERISPOMENI GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FCF GREEK PSILI AND PERISPOMENI 1FE8 UPSILON WITH VRACHY GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FD0 1FE9 WITH VRACHY UPSILON WITH MACRON GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FD1 1FEA WITH MACRON UPSILON WITH VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FD2 1FEB WITH DIALYTIKA AND VARIA UPSILON WITH OXIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA GREEK CAPITAL LETTER RHO 1FD3 1FEC WITH DIALYTIKA AND OXIA WITH DASIA GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1FD6 1FED GREEK DIALYTIKA AND VARIA WITH PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA 1FD7 WITH DIALYTIKA AND 1FEE GREEK DIALYTIKA AND OXIA PERISPOMENI 1FEF GREEK VARIA GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 1FF2 WITH VARIA AND 201E DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 2020 DAGGER 1FF3 WITH YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 2021 DOUBLE DAGGER 1FF4 WITH OXIA AND YPOGEGRAMMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 2022 BULLET 1FF6 WITH PERISPOMENI GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA 2026 HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS 1FF7 WITH PERISPOMENI AND YPOGEGRAMMENI 2030 PER MILLE SIGN GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FF8 OMICRON WITH VARIA 2032 PRIME GREEK CAPITAL LETTER 1FF9 OMICRON WITH OXIA 2033 DOUBLE PRIME GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1FFA WITH VARIA SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE 2039 QUOTATION MARK GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1FFB WITH OXIA SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE 203A QUOTATION MARK GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA 1FFC WITH PROSGEGRAMMENI 203C DOUBLE EXCLAMATION MARK 1FFD GREEK OXIA 203E OVERLINE 1FFE GREEK DASIA 2044 FRACTION SLASH 2013 EN DASH 204A TIRONIAN ET SIGN 2014 EM DASH SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL 207F LETTER N 2015 HORIZONTAL BAR 2082 SUBSCRIPT TWO 2017 DOUBLE LOW LINE 20A3 FRENCH FRANC SIGN 2018 LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK 20A4 LIRA SIGN 2019 RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK 20A7 PESETA SIGN 201A SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK 20AC EURO SIGN SINGLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 201B QUOTATION MARK 20AF DRACHMA SIGN 201C LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK 2105 CARE OF 201D RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK 2116 NUMERO SIGN 2122 TRADE MARK SIGN 221A SQUARE ROOT

2126 OHM SIGN 221E INFINITY

215B VULGAR FRACTION ONE EIGHTH 221F RIGHT ANGLE

VULGAR FRACTION THREE 215C 2227 LOGICAL AND EIGHTHS VULGAR FRACTION FIVE 215D 2228 LOGICAL OR EIGHTHS VULGAR FRACTION SEVEN 215E 2229 INTERSECTION EIGHTHS

2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW 222A UNION

2191 UPWARDS ARROW 222B INTEGRAL

2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW 2248 ALMOST EQUAL TO

2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW 2259 ESTIMATES

2194 LEFT RIGHT ARROW 2260 NOT EQUAL TO

2195 UP DOWN ARROW 2261 IDENTICAL TO

21A8 UP DOWN ARROW WITH BASE 2264 LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO

2200 FOR ALL 2265 GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO

2202 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL 2282 SUBSET OF

2203 THERE EXISTS 2283 SUPERSET OF

2206 INCREMENT 2295 CIRCLED PLUS

2208 ELEMENT OF 2297 CIRCLED TIMES

2209 NOT AN ELEMENT OF 2302 HOUSE

220F N-ARY PRODUCT 2310 REVERSED NOT SIGN

2211 N-ARY SUMMATION 2320 TOP HALF INTEGRAL

2212 MINUS SIGN 2321 BOTTOM HALF INTEGRAL

2219 BULLET OPERATOR 2329 LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND 232A 255B BRACKET LEFT DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND 2500 255C HORIZONTAL LEFT SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND 2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL 255D LEFT BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 250C 255E RIGHT SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 2510 255F LEFT DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE 2514 2560 RIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 2518 2561 LEFT SINGLE AND LEFT DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 251C 2562 AND RIGHT DOUBLE AND LEFT SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE 2524 2563 AND LEFT VERTICAL AND LEFT BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE 252C 2564 HORIZONTAL AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE 2534 2565 HORIZONTAL AND HORIZONTAL SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN 253C 2566 AND HORIZONTAL AND HORIZONTAL BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND 2550 2567 HORIZONTAL HORIZONTAL DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND 2551 2568 VERTICAL HORIZONTAL SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND 2552 2569 AND RIGHT DOUBLE HORIZONTAL BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 2553 AND RIGHT SINGLE 256A SINGLE AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN 2554 AND RIGHT BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL 256B DOUBLE AND HORIZONTAL BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE SINGLE 2555 AND LEFT DOUBLE BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE 256C BOX DRAWINGS DOWN DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL 2556 AND LEFT SINGLE 2580 UPPER HALF BLOCK BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN 2557 AND LEFT 2584 LOWER HALF BLOCK BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND 2558 RIGHT DOUBLE 2588 FULL BLOCK BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND 2559 RIGHT SINGLE 258C LEFT HALF BLOCK BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND 255A RIGHT 2590 RIGHT HALF BLOCK 266A EIGHTH NOTE

2591 LIGHT SHADE 266B BEAMED EIGHTH NOTES

2592 MEDIUM SHADE FB01 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FI

2593 DARK SHADE FB02 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FL

25A0 BLACK SQUARE FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER

25AC BLACK RECTANGLE

25B2 BLACK UP-POINTING TRIANGLE

BLACK RIGHT-POINTING 25BA POINTER BLACK DOWN-POINTING 25BC TRIANGLE

25C4 BLACK LEFT-POINTING POINTER

25CA LOZENGE

25CB WHITE CIRCLE

25D8 INVERSE BULLET

25D9 INVERSE WHITE CIRCLE

263A WHITE SMILING FACE

263B BLACK SMILING FACE

263C WHITE SUN WITH RAYS

2640 FEMALE SIGN

2642 MALE SIGN

2660 BLACK SPADE SUIT

2663 BLACK CLUB SUIT

2665 BLACK HEART SUIT

2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT