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Volume 51 – Number 18 Wednesday – February 28, 2007 TechTalk S ERVING T HE M I T C OMMUNITY Speakers exhort the Institute and the nation to honor MLK’s legacy and lead the way forward—quickly Ruth Walker said, refer- and computer groups. And this year, there are eight new News Office Correspondent ring to his science, could MLK visiting professors and scholars, r e n o w n e d not ignore rac- more than ever before in the program’s 1963 “I Have ism or injus- history. MIT’s 33rd annual Dr. Martin Luther a Dream” tice at MIT And Hockfield pointed to the Insti- King Jr. Celebration, held Friday, Feb. 16, speech, from or anywhere tute’s ongoing gender-equity initiative as was a sign of the Institute’s “extraordinary which she read else, Hockfield a model, both for what can be achieved commitment to the principles of Dr. King,” an excerpt. said: These are with concerted effort and for the kind of President Susan Hockfield told the capac- “We have been “issues that national influence an MIT initiative can ity crowd at Walker Memorial. walking for- reach beyond have. But this is a time when there is a great ward. But we any single indi- “We want our new initiative on minority need to “accelerate the pace of change,” need to pick vidual or any faculty issues, recently announced by the she added. up the pace.” single institu- provost, to have the same catalytic impact “If MIT today is to advance its historic Ted Childs Jr. Participants Elizabeth Clay tion.” and to demonstrate the same kind of insti- mission of teaching, research and service, at the celebra- Still, in tutional and national leadership,” she said. we simply must increase opportunities tory breakfast, which also featured musi- the larger context, the president had The title for this year’s King celebra- for minority faculty, students and staff,” cal selections by the MIT Gospel Choir some good news to report: Of new fac- See MLK Hockfield said. and solos by Hiram Ettienne, administra- ulty on campus this year, 11.5 percent are “King urges us to walk together,” she tive assistant in electrical engineering members of underrepresented minority Page 6 Dresselhaus New analog wins L’Oréal- circuits could UNESCO Award impact consumer MIT Institute Professor Mildred Dres- electronics selhaus is the North American winner of a 2007 L’Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women Advances in digital electronic circuits in Science. have prompted the boost in functions and She and four other recipients, each ever-smaller size of such popular consum- representing a different continent, were er goods as digital cameras, MP3 players named at a ceremony Feb. 22 at UNESCO and digital televisions. But the same can- House in Paris where Sir Lindsay Owen- not be said of the older analog circuits in Jones, chair of the same devices, which process natu- L’Oréal, and ral sights and sounds in the real world. Koïchiro Mat- Because analog circuits haven’t enjoyed a suura, direc- similar rate of progress, they are draining tor-general of power and causing other bottlenecks in UNESCO, pre- improved consumer electronic devices. sented each lau- Now MIT engineers have devised new reate with her analog circuits they hope will change that. $100,000 award. They reported the work at the Interna- Dresselhaus tional Solid State Circuits Conference was selected for (ISSCC) in San Francisco Feb. 11-15. “conceptualiz- “During the past several decades engi- IMAGE COURTESY / NASA/JPL-CALTECH/T. PYLE (SSC) ing the creation neers have focused on allowing signals to of carbon nano- This artist’s concept shows a cloudy Jupiter-like planet, similar to HD 209458b, that be processed and stored in digital forms,” Mildred Dresselhaus tubes,” accord- orbits very close to its fiery hot star. said Hae-Seung Lee, a professor in MIT’s ing to L’Oréal Microsystems Technology Laboratories and UNESCO (United Nations Education- (MTL) and the Department of Electri- al, Scientific and Cultural Organization). Extrasolars’ light guides atmosphere research cal Engineering and Computer Science Due to their small size, high strength and (EECS). “But most real-world signals are electrical conductivity, carbon nanotubes Anne Trafton researchers used NASA’s Spitzer Space analog signals, so analog circuits are an are ideal for new materials used in objects News Office Telescope to capture the most detailed essential part of most electronic systems.” such as lightweight bicycles and flat-panel information yet about an extrasolar Analog circuits are used to amplify, screens. planet. process and filter analog signals and con- A native of Bronx, N.Y., Dresselhaus So far, astronomers have discovered Seager’s team is one of three that are vert them to digital signals, or vice versa, has conducted scientific research for more about 200 planets outside our solar reporting spectral observations of extra- so the real world and electronic devices than four decades. An MIT professor of system, known as “extrasolar” plan- solar planets this week. Two groups can talk to each other. Analog signals are physics and electrical engineering, she ets. Very little is known about most of studied HD 209458b, and one stud- continuous and they vary in size, whereas received her Ph.D. from the University of them, but for the first time, scientists ied another planet in a different solar digital signals have specific or discrete Chicago. She began her MIT career at the have obtained new information about system. The work by Seager’s team is values. Lincoln Laboratory studying superconduc- the atmospheres of two such planets reported in the Feb. 22 issue of Nature. The reason the two different types of tivity; she later switched to magneto-optics, by splitting apart the light emitted from Astronomers often learn about dis- electronic signal circuits did not advance carrying out a series of experiments that them. tant objects, such as stars and galaxies, at the same pace, Lee said, is because they led to a fundamental understanding of the Sara Seager, MIT associate professor by studying the composition of light are very different. Digital circuits can be electronic structure of semimetals, espe- of earth, atmospheric and planetary sci- emitted by them, Seager said. But extra- decreased in size more easily, for exam- cially graphite. ences, is part of a research group based solar planets are much dimmer than ple, by using the popular complementa- Dresselhaus was the first tenured at Goddard Space Flight Center that ry metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) studied a planet about 904 trillion miles See PLANETS See DRESSELHAUS from Earth, known as HD 209458b. The Page 4 See CIRCUITS Page 6 Page 4 NEWS RESEARCH HUMANITIES FRANCIS E. LOW DIES THE UPSIDE OF WRINKLES MIT SLOAN ALUM WINS MUH The physicist and former provost was 85. New polymer ‘skin’ will aid bioengineering. Arts manager Michael Kaiser will give annual talk. Page 2 Page 4 Page 7 MIT, ABU DHABI ENERGY SIGN AGREEMENT GLOBAL WARMING COMES HOME WAR TRILOGY COMPLETED Institute of Science and Technology is first of its kind Researchers see signs in metro Boston’s flora and Laura Harrington’s study of war culminates in ‘N.’ in the region. fauna. Page 7 Page 3 Page 8 PAGE 2 February 28, 2007 NEWS MIT Tech Talk Francis E. Low, theoretical physicist DIGITALK: WHERE IT’S AT Prep computers for and former provost, dies at 85 daylight saving time The Energy Policy Act of 2005 Francis E. Low, a retired MIT physicist and provost Before becoming provost, he directed MIT’s Center changed the dates of daylight sav- who worked on the Manhattan Project, died of heart fail- for Theoretical Physics and the Laboratory for Nuclear ing time this year. It will start three ure on Feb. 16 at a retirement home in Haverford, Pa. He Science. An Institute Professor, he retired from MIT weeks earlier (March 11) and end was 85. in 1991 but continued to teach physics for a few more one week later (Nov. 4) than last year. These date “Francis was a hero of the physics department,” said years. changes may impact your operating system and current department head Marc Kastner. “His theoretical “Low’s career spanned enormous changes in what it some software. ideas shaped much of modern particle physics as well as meant to be a physicist. When he began his training in If you run a current operating system (Mac OS condensed matter physics, and he was a wise, the late 1930s, physics was still treated as just X 10.4; Windows XP or Vista; Linux Red Hat Enter- generous colleague who helped many of us one subject among many. Yet soon after that, prise 4) and subscribe to an auto update service, you when we were starting our careers at MIT.” thanks to their wartime service, physicists’ should be set. If you don’t subscribe or you have an Low described his teaching and interac- roles expanded dramatically. They became earlier operating system, your date-time stamp may tions with students as highlights in his long administrators, consultants, even political not automatically update on Sunday, March 11 at career. His former students include Alan Guth forces to be reckoned with. Francis excelled 2 a.m. You will then need to manually set the date- (Ph.D. 1972), the Victor F. Weisskopf Profes- in each of these roles, while making several time stamp. sor of Physics at MIT; Mitchell Feigenbaum lasting contributions to physics itself. He has If you use TechTime for calendaring, IS&T (Ph.D. 1970), the Toyota Professor of Math- left an impressive legacy of ideas and of stu- advises that you cross-check your calendar pages for ematical Physics at the Rockefeller University; dents,” said David Kaiser, associate professor the weeks of March 11 through April 1 and the week and Susan Coppersmith (S.B.