--
Friday May 22, 1981
., Part III
Environmental Protection Agency Eighth Report of the Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator; Request for Comments Regarding Priority List of Chemicals
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ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTJON such chemical substances may present actively participating In the workshop "GENCY to health and the enVironment. (i.e.,making a presentation or Sec. 4(e) ofTSCA established an partiCipatingIn the workshop :OPTS 41007; TSH-FRL-1834-6] Interagency Testing Committee to make discussIOn)should 1OformEPAby recommendations to the AdmlDlstrator reglstenng with the Industry Assistance Eighth Report of the Interagency of EPA of chemical substances for Office no later than July1, 1981. resting Committee to the pnority consideration for proposing test "dmlnlstrator. Receipt of Report and rules under sec. 4(a). Sec. 4[e) directs the B. Schedule and Agenda Request for Comments Regarding Committee to revise its list of The workshop will COnsistof three Priority Ust of Chemica's recommendatons every SIXmonths as it separate, half-day sessIons as follows: 'OENCV:Environmental Protection detenmnes to be necessary. The total Session I-diethylenetrlam1Oe-9:oo number of chemicals designated by the a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on July 15, 1981; !\gency (EPA). lTC for pnority consideration may not Ses810n II-hexachloroethane-l:00 'CTlON:Notice. exceed 50 at anyone time. Withtn 12 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. on July 15, 1981; months of the date of designation, EPA Session lli-2-chlorotoluene-9:00 SUMMARY:The Interagency Testing must Initiate rulemaklng to requlrB Committee (lTC), established under a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on July 16, 1981; testing or publish m the Federal Register Each session will consist oC(1) EPA's Jection 4[e) ofTSCA, transmitted its its reasons for not domg so. &:ighthReport to the Admmlstrutor of The lTC's Eighth Report was received preliminary views on testing need's and Issues, (2) presentations by other &:PAon April 24, 1981. This report, by the Acting Admmlstrator on April 24, which reVIses and updates the 1981, and follows this notice. workshop partiCipants, (3) question and :ommittee's priority list of chemicals, answer penod, (4) discussion of the ldds three chemicals to the list for II. Written Comments Issues, and (5)summary oCmajor pomts. ;>r1orityconsideration by EPA in the EPA 10vites 10terested persons to A specific agenda will be available 1 ?romulgation of test rules under section submit comments on the lTC's new week prlor.to the workshop. I(a) of the Act. The Eighth Report IS recommendations. In particular, the c. Workshop Report ncluded m this Notice. The Agency Agency would be mterested 10receiVIng " ,nvites mterested persons to submit mformation concern1Og additional Follow1Ogthe workshop, 4 weeks will written comments on the Report and to health and safety data on the subject be allowed for sublllJsslon of additional ?articlpate m a scopmg workshop. chemicals. The Agency requests mformatlon or documentation for I)ATES:Written comments should be submissions be received no later than 1OcluslonIn the workshop record. A IUbmitted by June 22, 1981. The June 22, 1981. All submissions received final report on the workshop will be workshop will be held on July 15, 1981, by that date will be considered by the prepared on the basIs of mmute& taken :rom 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and on July Agency m determm10g whether to dunng the meeting; there will be no 16,1981, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00p.m. The propose test rules 10response to the recording or verbatim transcnpt of the :leadline for.registration for the Committee's new recommendations. workshop proceedings. workshop ISJuly 1, 1981. Documentation Submissions should "'beartbe Identify10g The fmal report of the scopang Docket No. 0PTS-41oo7 workshop, together with all written lubsequent to the workshop should be comments and matena)s submitted 10 IUbmitted no later than August 17. 1981. III. Seopmg Workshop connection with this notice, will be 'OORESSES:Send written sublllJsslons EPA will conduct a scopmg workshop available for mspection under Docket :0: Document Control Officer ~793), No. 0PTS-41oo7 at the Document )ffice of Pesticides and ToXIc on July 15 and 16, 1981, concermng the lTC's Eighth Report. The purpose of the Control Office,Rm.&-107,Office of :lubstances, EnvlfOnmental Protection PestiCidesand TOXICSubstances, !\gency,Rm. E-401,401M St., SW., scopmg workshop ISto provide an early opportunity for the acadelllJc Environmental Protection Agency, 401M Waslungton,D.C. 20460. Submissions should bear the community,labo~lndustry, St. SW.. Washmgton, D.C.20460,8:00 Document Control Number OPT8-41oo7 environmental groups, .and the general a.m. to 4:00p.m. weekdays, except legal public to Identify and discuss with EPA holidays. The workshop will be held at Issues to be addressed by the agency In f-Iospitality House Motor Inn, 2000 Dated: May n. 1981. responding to the lTC's Eighth Report. In fefferson .DaVlsHighway, Arlington, VA Edwm H. Clark, D. Z2202. order that the worksbop may focus on Acting AssIstant AdmInIstratorfor PesticIdes the Issues of greatest concern, It IS and ToxIcSubstances. ~OR FURTHER INFORMAnON CONTACT: requested that comments submitted on lohn B. Ritch, Jr., Director. Industry the lTC Report Include suggestions of Eighth Report of the .TSCA Interagency A.sslstance Office (TS-799). Office of the Issues which should be b1ghlighted Testing Committee 10 the Admmastralor. roXlCSubstances, EnVIronmental m the scop1Ogworkshop. EnVlfOnmentaJ Protection Agency Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW., Waslungton, D.C. 20460, Toll Free: (800- A. Reglstration and Partielpation Summary 124-9065).In Washmgton, D.C.. (554- The scopmg workshop will be open to Section 4 of the TOXICSubstances 1404),Outside the USA: (Operator-202- all who wish to attend. Anyone who IS CongrolAct of 1976(TSCA. Pub.L.94- )54-1404). mterested 10participating 10or 469) proVIdes for the testing of SUPP~ENTARVINFORMAnON: attending the workshop or 10recelVmg chemicals 10commerce that may present subsequent matenals on the workshop I. Background an unreasonable nsk of 10Jury to health should contact the Industry Assistance or the enVlfOnment. It also provIdes for Sec. 4(a) ofTSCA authonzes the Office (see "For Further Information the establishment of a Committee, AdIIlIDlstrator ofEPA to promulgate Contact"). All further 1Oformation on the composed of representatives from eight regulations requmng testing of chemical SCOplngworkshop will be dissemmated desIgnated Federal agencIes, to 9ubstances m order to develop data through the mail or by telephone recommend chemical substances or relevant to detenDlnlng the nske lhat contact. Those who are 10terested In mIXtures to which the AdmlDlstrator of
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the U.S. Envlfonmental Protection OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH a PrIority LIst. which IS to be published Agency (EPA) should give prIOrity ADMINISTRATION In the Federal Re81ster.The Committee consideration for the promulgation of Patncla Marlow. Member and Vice ISdirected to make revIsions to the ust, testing rules. The Committee makes ChaU'peraon as it determines to be necessary. and to such reVISions ID the List (the section Lucille Adamson. Alternate transmit such reVISions to the EPA 4(e) Pnority ust) as it determlDes to be lJalson Agencies and Their Representatives Admmlstrator at least every 6 months necessary and transmits them to the CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY after submission of the Initial ust. EPA AdmlDlstrator at least every 6 COMMISSION The Committee IScompnsed of months. Arthur Gregory (7) and Lakshnu Misbra (8) representatives from eight statutory As a result of its deliberations, the DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE member agencies, five liaison agencies, Committee ISrevlsmg the TSCA section and one national program. The specific 4(e) PriOrity ust by the addition of three Homer E. Fall'cblld and Fred W. Clayton representatives and their affiliations are chemicals. The chenucals bemg added DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE named m the front of this report. The to the ust are presented alphabetically, Arthur R McCreesh (9) Committee's chelOlcal review together with the types of testing DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR procedures and pnor recommendations recommended. as follows: Charles R. Walker are described m preVIous reports (Refs. 8). Chemical and Recommended Studies FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 1 through 1.2 2-Chlorotoluene-Health Effects: Allen R Helm and Winston deMonsabert Committee's activities during "thiS reporting period Carcmogemcity /oncogemcity, NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM mutagemcity, chromc effects, The Committee has continued to reproductive effects, teratogemcity. Dorothy Canter reVIew chelOlcals from its second round EnVlfOnmental Effects: Chenucal fate, Committee Staff of sconng and has begun to review those from the thud scormg exerCise, bloconcentration, chromc tOXicityto Martin Greif. Executive Secretary fish. chrome "toXicityto aquatic Vacant. Admlmstratlve Techmclan which are high-production chemICals(in IDvertebrates. excess of 2 millionpounds annually) Diethylenetnanune-Health Effects: Support Staff listed m the TSCA Chemical Substances Chromc effects, reproductive effects. Ellen Slegier-Office of the General Inventory (see Ref. 2 for methodology). teratogemcity. CounseL EPA The foUowmg steps have been taken Hexachlorethane-Enwonmental Edward ZWioux-Omce of ToXIc Substances, EPA to expand the Committee's mformation- Effects: Chenucal fate, terrestrial plant gathermg activities m developmg its uptake and toXicity, blOaccumulation. References recommendations to the EPA for testing. microbial tOXicity, aVIan tOXicity, (1)Dr. Adamson replaced Dr. James M. a. The names and CAS numbers of all tOXicityto terrestnal mvertebrates, Sontag. whose 4-year term as a Member 107 chemicals selected IDthe third round chromc toxicity to fish and aquatic expll'edon February 5. 1981. mvertebrates. of sconng were published in the Federal (2) Dr. Welsburger Joaned the Committee as RegISter.A public meeting to receIVe Each of the new recommendations IS an Alternate member on February 5, 1981. written or verbal comments on these (3) Dr: Ward Joaned the Committee as an bemg des18nated by the Committee for chenucals was held 10Washmgton. D.C. action by the EPAwithin 12months of .Alternate member on February 5. 1981. (4) Dr. Warren T. Piver's 4-year term as a (Ref. 9). the date of thiSEighthReport, as Member expll'edon February 5. 1981. b. The Committee has asked the stipulated by section 4(e)(1)(8)ofTSCA. (5) Dr. Chnatensen replaced Dr. Alfred N. public and pri"vate sectors to contribute TSCAInteragency Testing Committee Milbert as an Alternate member on February 5. 1981. relevant mformation. particularly Statutory Member Agencies and Their unpublished data, on exposure and (6) Dr.Nottinghamreplaced Dr. Sidney effects of chenucals selected m the third Representatives Draggan as a Member on November 4. 1980. scormg exercise. COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUAUTY (7) Dr. Gregory replaced Dr. Joseph McLaughlin as a Liaison representative on c. The technical support contractor 18 No Representative December 29. 1980. mcluding summanes of IDformation DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (8) Dr. Mishra was appoanted a Liaison received from mdustry IDthe Hazard Orville E. Paynter. Member representative on January 8. 1981. Information ReViewsof chemcals bemg Bernard Grelfer. Alternate (9) Dr. McCreesh replaced Dr. Bernard P prepared for the Committee. McNamara as a Laalson representative on ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY December 29. 1980. The Committee believes that this Joseph Seifter. Member process will broaden" the data base Carl R. Moms. Alternate Chapter 1. Introduction relied upon "for makmg NATIONAL CANCER 1NS11TUTE 1.1 Background The TSCA recommendations to the EPA Administrator. Richard Adamson. Member (1) Interagency Testing Committee Elizabeth I<.Welsburger. Alternate (2) (Committee) was established under 1.3 Committee's prevIous reports. Jerrold Ward. Alternate (3) section 4(e) of the TOXICSubstances Seven preVIous reports to the EPA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF Control Act of 1976(TSCA.Public Law Admmlstrator have been Issued by the ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 94-469).The specificmandate of the Committee and published m the Federal Vacant. Member (4) Committee ISto Identify and recommend Regtster (Refs.2 through B).Forty-three Dorothy "Canter. Alterpate to the Admlmstrator of the U.S. entries (I.e., chemical substances and NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) categones of chemicals) have been chemical substances or mixtures m OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH designated for pnority consideration by commerce that should be tested to the EPA Admmlstrator. One entry, Vera W. Hudson. Member and Chairperson detemune their potential hazard to chloromethane. was subsequently Herbert E. Chnstensen. Alternate (5) human health and/or the environment. removed (Ref.B)after the EPA NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION The Act specifies that the Committee's responded to the Committee's Winston C. Nottingham. Member (8) recommendations shall be In the form of recommendation for testing.
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1.4 The lSCA section 4{e}priority Control Act Interagency Testing Committee. considering the factors Identified in 'st. The entries and the dates of their July 1971. section 4(e)(1)[A) and other avaUable esignatlonby the Committee are (2) Initial Report to the Administrator, relevant information, as weD'as die resented In Table 1. With the additions Environmental Prote'ction Agency, TSCA Interagency Testing Committee, October 1. Pl'C?fessionaljudgment of Committee 'Om this report, and the deletion 'of .1971: Published in the Federal Register of members. .' . . hloromethane under Table Z.45 entries The studies recommended for these . Wedne8day. October 12. 1977, 42 FR 5502~ ow appear on the Priority List. The 55080. Corrections published in the Fede~ entries. and the rationales to support the :ommittee considers each entry to be of Register of November 11. 1977. 42 FR ~777- recommendations are given in section qual priority. . 58778. The report and supporting dossiers 2.2 of this report. In a'ccordance with also were published by the Environmental .section 4(e) ofTSCA. the Committee 'able 1.-77HJ TSOt Section'4(B) PrIorityUst Protection Agency, EPA 660-10-78/001, designates these. entries for action by January 1978. the BFA within 12 months of the date of. Dale 01 deSgnatJon (3) Second Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator, issuance of this Eighth Committee I. AcetonItriIe__ . AptI1879. Report. . t AcryIamIde AprIl1879.'t. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA I. AlkylopoxIdes 0cI0b8r 11177". Interagency Testing Committee. April 1978. . 2.2 &icommendation and rotionales I. Alkylphlhalale8_ October 1877", Published in the Federal Register of 2:2.a 2-Chlorotoluene I, 8IkyttJncompounds October 1980. Wednesday, April,19. 1978.43 FR 16684- I. Aniline and bIorno, chloro April 11179. Summaryo/recommendedstudies.It . andIot nitro anWn8s. 16688. The report and supporting dossiers Is recommended that 2-chlorotoluene be '. Antimony(mel8/)_ AprII.1979. also were published by the Environmental I. anti.-.y 8UIfide_ APril11179. Ptotection Agency. EPA 660-10-78/002. July tested for the following: I. antimony.Irioxfde._ April19711. 1978. A. Health Effects: ). AtyIjIhosphates._oo_. April11178'. I. Benzldfne.baseddyes_._ November1979. (4) Third Report of the TSCA Interagpncy Carcinogenicity Ioncogenicity ). BenzytbutylphIhaIate_ October 1880. Testing Committee to the Administrator. Mutagenicity I. ButylgIycoIyI.butyIphtha- October 1880. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA late. Chronic effects . .. ChIorinaI8d' benzenes, October 1877'-, Interagency Testing Committee. October Reproductive effects 11\0IIOo and cII-. 1978. Published in the Federal Register S.Clllortnal8dtJeftzene8.III- October 1878'. Monday. October 10. 1978. 43 FR 50630-50636. Teratogenicity B. Environmental Effects: . tetra-.and Pem.. The report and supportingdossiers also were . S. Chlorinated naphtha!enes_ AprIl :11179 '. Chemical.fate studies ~ 7. CIIIorInaI8d para/Iin8 October 1877'. published by the Environmental Protection S.2oC1\1oro~_ _ Apil1881. Agency. BFA 560-10-79/001, January 1979. Bioconcentration studies ~.Cresol8 October1877'. (5) FolU'th Report of the TSCA InteragencS' Chronic toxicity to fish ). CycIohexanone ooApril1878. .Testing Committee to the Administrator, t. o-OianIsIdIne-b dyes_ November1878. Chronic toxicity to aquatic invertebrates i!.DichIoromeIhane_ Apil1879 '. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA S. 1,24ch1oropropan8_ October 1878. Interagency Testing Committee. April 1979. Physical and Chemical Information t. 0IethyIene1riamln8 AprIl 1881. 5.FIuoto8lkenes____ October1880. Published in the Federal Register of Friday, CAS Number:95-4~ S. ~ and lISderiY. October1878. June 1. 1979. 44 FR 31866-31889. tIve8. (6) Fifth Report of the TSCA Interagency Structural Formula: 7. Halogenated alkyl epax- AprI1878 '. Testing Committee to the Administrator, Ides. B.Hex8chIofo.1~_ October1877'. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA ~. HexachIorocycIo penta- April 1879. . Interagency Testing Committe~. November dlene. 1979. Published in the Federal Register of O. HexachIoroethane_ AprIl 1881. Friday, December 7, 1979, 44 FR 70664-70674. 1.Hydroqulnone November1979. 2.~ AprIl1978. (7) Sixth Report of the TSCA Interagency 3.MeslIyIoxide AprtI1979. Testing Committee to the Administrator, CI t.4.4',uethyteneclanill__ AprIl1879. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA S.Methylethylketone._ AprIl1879. Interagency Testing Committee, April 1980. B: Methyll8obulyllcetone AprIl 1879. 7.NiIrDIIIInzene _ October1877'. Published in the Federal Register of 8.PIIenyIenedIamI_ AprIl1880. Wednesday, May 28, 1980, 45 FR 35897-35910. II. PoIychIoIInaI8d terphen- AprI1878 '. (6) Seventh Report of the TSCA yts. O.PyridIne April187S'. Interagency Testing Committee to the 1.QuInone November1978. Administrator. Environmental Protection 2. DoToUdfne.ba8ed d\'e8- November 1878. Agency. TSCA Interagency Testing , 3.Toluene October1877'. Committee, October 1960. Published In the Empirical Formula: C7U7Cl 4. 1.1.1-TrichIoroelllanL- AprII.11178 '. 5. Xytene October 11177". Federal Register of Tuesday. November 26, Molecular Weight: 126.59 1980, ~5 FR 78432-78446. Melting Point: -37°C 'Responded to by the EPAAdmInIstratorIn44 FA 28095- 8097. (9) Toxic Substances Control Act Vapor Pressure: 2.7 mm Hg.atZOoC: 5.0 'Responded to by the EPAAdmlnlslralOr.1n45 FA48510- Interagency Testing Committee: Chemicals to mm at 300C 8512. be Reviewed by the TSCA Interagency Hg .Responded to by1he EPAAdministratorIn43 FA 50134- . 0138. Testing Committee:Notice of PublicMeeting. Log Octanol/Water Pa~ltion Responded to by the EPA Administrator In 45 FR 48524- 8564.· Published in the Federal Register,Tuesday. Coefficient: 3,42 Description of . . October 7.1980,46FR66506-00513. Chemical: 2-Chlorotoluene is a colorless' Table 2.-RemovsJ from th8 7SCA Section . aromatic, liquid at room temperature 4(9) PriorityUsl Chapt~r 2.Recomme.ndaUonsof the (22°C).It has a low solubility in water . Committee . and is soluble in most organic solvents. Remov81 DaIG 01 removal 2.1 Chemical substances designated impurities that may be found with this . for action by the EPA Administrator. As chemical include other chlorotoluenes Clllorome1loane October 1980'. . directed by section 4(e)[1)(B)ofTSCA. . ;and toluene. I Respondedto by the EPAAdmInIstratorIn45 FA48524- the Committeeis adding the following . . . ;&564. ' three chemical substances to the section RatIonale for RecommendatlollS 4(e)Priority List:2..chlorotoluene, . I.Exposure information-A. leferenc:es diethylenetriamine, and. Production/use/disposal information. (1) Preliminary UBt of Chemical Substances hexachloroethane. The designation of Betw~en11 and 60 millie,1npounds of.2- :or Furtber Evaluation. Toxic Substances these entries was determined after chlorotoluene was produced in the
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United. States in 1977 (EPA. 1980). year gavage study by the National E. Rationale for specific Mixtures with a high content of this Toxicology Program (NTP). environmental effects chemical are used in solvent D. Teratogenicity/reproductive effects recommendations. Chemical fate studies applications such as carriers for reaction studies. No information has been are recommended because of the mixtures. dye carrier formulations. and identtfied concerning either teratogenic paucity of chemical fate test data on 2- sludge solvents. as well as paint and or reproductive effects of 2- . chlorotoluene. No toxicity tests are rubber-stripping formulations. These use chlorotoluene. recommended for terrestrial animals or patterns suggest that human exposures E. Mutagenicity studies. No plants at this time because there is no may occur in the workplace as well as in information has been identified indication that substantial terrestrial consumer applications. concerning the mutagenicity of 2- exposure exists. Industrial releases to A threshold limit value (TLVR)of 50 chlorotoluene: however. the analog the atmosphere should result in ppm for skin exposure has been chlorobenzene has been tested by the moderately rapid degradation by photo- established by the American Conference NTP in two independent laboratories oxidation. 8ioaccumulation tests and of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and found to be negative by Doth (NTP. chronic toxicity tests to fish and aquatic (ACGIH) based upon the analogy of this 1980). invertebrates are recommended because chemical with other chlorinated F. Rationale for health effects of the substantial aquatic exposure arom8:tic compounds such as the recommendations. Due to the lack of a~ticlpated. the calculated chlorinated benzenes (ACGIH. 1980). 2- health-related data and the high human bioconcentration factor. and the Chlorotoluene is expected to esc~pe to exposure potential within the workplace. consequent potential for effects in the atmosphere and/or be diRcharged to and in consumer applications, testing of aquatic organisms due to chronic aquatic systems in emuents as a result 2-chlorotoluene is recommended for the exposure. of solvent usage within chemical plants. following hE;altheffect.s: ; References Terrestrial nonhuman exposure is carcinogenicity / oncogenici ty. expected to be slight. mutagenicity. chronic effects; (1)ACCIH.1980.AmericianConferenceof Covemmentallndustrial Hygienists. 8. Chemical fate information. Little reproductive effects. and teratogenicity. DocumentationofThreshold LimitValues. information on the transport or The bioconcentration factor (see section 4th ed. ClnciMati. OH: American Conference persistence of 2-chlorotoluene has been IV.D.) suggests that delayed chronic of Govemmentallndustrial Hygienist. found. In water. some photolysis is toxicity may be of concern aDd. (2)BringmannC. Kuehn R.1977a.Results anticipated at the surface and some therefore. testing for chronic effects . of the damagingeffects of water pollutants on biodegradation by bacteria and fungi is should be carried out to assess this Daphnia magna.Z. 'Wasser Abwaller Forsch. expected. . potential hazard adequately. . 10(5):161-166. . n. Human population studies. Human IV. ~nvironmental considerations-A. (3)BrlngmannC. KuehnR.1977b.Limiting monitoring has been carried out in a Short-term (acute) effects. The acute values for the damagingaction of water limited study. Isomers of 2.chlorotoluene toxicity of 2-chlorotoluene appears to be pollutants to bacteria (Pseudamonaspulida) were reported in the breath of two of quite low. The LCaofor a freshwater fish. and green.algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda) nine people (range 261-338 ngfm') in the golden orfe (Leuciscus idus In the cell multiplication inhibition test. Z. Niagara Falls. New York (pellizzari et Waller Abwaller.Forsch. 10(3-4):87-98. melantus). was reported at 78 mg/I (4)BringmaM C. KuehnR. 1978.Limiting al.. 1979). (Juhnke and Luedemann. 1978) and the values for the noxious efrects orwater III. Biological effects of concern to 24-hour LCaofor Daphnia magna was pollutant material to blue-greenalgae human health-A. Toxicokinetic/ reported at 74 mg/I (8ringmann and (Microcystis aeruginosa)and green.algae metabolism studies. Studies in the rat Kuehn. 1977a). No acute toxicity data on (Scenedesmus quadricauda)in cell suggest that 2.chlorotoluene is terrestrial species have been identified. propagation Inhibitiontests. VomWasser metabolized and excreted in tlle urine as 8. Long-term (subchronic/chronic) 50:45-00. . several metabolites. most notably as a effects. No studies on the long-term (5) EPA. 1980. Environmental Protection glucuronide conjugate of a phenolic effects of 2-chlorotoluene have been Agency.TSCAChemicalSubstances hydroxylation product of 2- found for either aquatic or terrestrial Inventory (public portion). Washington.D.C.: chlorotoluene (Wold and Emmerson. species. Environmental Protection Agency. 1974). No unchanged 2-chlorotoluene C. Other effects (physiological/ (6)Jerina DM.Daly JW.Arene oxides: A was present in the urine. These phenolic behaviorol/ecosystem processes). new aspect or drug metabolism. Science 1985:573-582. hydroxylation products may be Toxicity threshold values (from the cel. produced via arene oxide intermediates (7) Juhnke I. LuedemaM D: 1978. Results of multiplication inhibition and analogous the study of 200 chemical compounds on of the parent compound. These latter tests) have been reported for bacteria intermediates have been associated acute fish toxicity using the Golden OrCetest. (Pseudomonas putida) at 15 mg/l. blue- Z..Wasser Abwasser Forsch.11(5):161-164. with certain cellular mechanisms that green algae. (Microcystis aeruginosa) at (8) Leo A. Hansch C. Jo\,! PVC. 1976. produce tissue damage (necrosis) and. in . 31 mg/l, and green algae (Scenedesmus Dependence of hydrophobicity' of apolar some cases. carcinogenicity (Jerina and quadricaud,a) at greater than 100 mg/l molelcules on their molecular volume. J. Med. Daly. 1974). (8ringmann and Kuehn, 1977b: 1978). Chem. 19:611-615. 8. Short-term (acute) effects. Little D. Bioaccumulation and food-chain (9) NTP. 1980. National Toxicology Information has been identified transport. The. log of the octanol/water Program. Fiscal Year 1981 Annual Plan. concerning the short-term effects of 2- partition coefficient is 3.42, as measured Washington. DC: Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. chlorotoluene. by Leo et al. (1976).Using the method of C. Long-term (subchronic/chl'Onic) Veith et al. (1980). the bioconcentration National Toxicology. Program. NTP-80-62. (101Pellizzari ED. Erickson MD. factor (BCF) is calculated to be 234. This effects. No inforination has been Zweidinger RA. 1979. Formulation of a identified concerning the long-term potential for 2~chlorotoluene to . preliminary assessment of halogenated effects of 2-chlorotoluene either in bloaccumulatll may lead to substantial organic compounds 'in man and humans or experlmenlal animals. chronic effects and food-chain transport. environmental media. Washington. D.C.: However, the analog chlorobenzene is No information has been identified Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 5601 being tested for carcinogenicity in a 2- relating to either of these concerns. 13-79-006.
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28142 Federal Register I Vol. 46, No. 99 I Friday, May 22, 1981 I Notices
(11)Veith GD.Macek KJ.Petrocellle SR, Release ofDETA into the environment Saccharomyces organisms were Carroll J.An evaluation of usingpartition may occur during industrial use. A negative with and without metabolic coefficientsand water solubilityto estimate threshold limit value (TLVR) ofl ppm activation (Jagannath and Brusick, 1978). bioconcentration factors for organic for skin exposure was established by E. Teratogenicity and reproductive chemicals Infish. Eaton JG.Parrish PRo the American Conference of Hendricks AC.eds. 1980.Aquatic Toxicology:. effects. Due to the potential for high proceedingsof the third aMual symposium Governmental Industrial Hygienists exposure and the lack of data on on aquatic toxicology.ASTMSpecial based on the acute effects of this teratogenic and reproductive effects, the Technical Publication707.1978October 17- compound (ACGIH, 1980). Committee recomm~nds that 18.New Orleans. LA.Philadelphia.PA: B. Chemical fate information. DETA is .appropriate tests be conducted for these AmercianSociety forTesting and Materials. biodegradable and. due to its high effects. pp. 116-128. solubility in water, is unlikely to References (12) Wold JS, Emmerson JL. 1974:The bioaccumulate (Popp, 1977). metabolism of t'C-o-Chlorotoluemllnthe raL II. Human population studies. DETA (1) ACGIH. 1980. American Conference of Pharmacologist16:196. is a skin, eye, and respiratory tract Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 2.2.b. DIETHYLENETRIAMINE irritant and produces skin and probably Documentation of Threshold Umlt Vallles. 4th ed. CinclMati, OH: American Conference Summary of recommended studies. It pulmonary sensitization (ACGIH, 1980), Demehl (1951) reported that certain of Govemmentallndustrial Hygienists. Is recommended that diethylenetriamine (2) Dernebl CU. 1951. Clinical experiences (DETA) be tested for the following: polyamines induce asthmatic symptoms with exposures to ethylene amines. Ind. Med. A. Health Effects: in man. Surg. 20:541. Chronic effects III. Biological effects of concern to (3) Dow Chemical Company. 1981 March Reproductive effects human health-A. Toxicokinetic/ 27. Unpublished data in letter to S. Dlwan, Teratogenicity metaboJjsm studies. No Information was' Envira. Control, Ine., Rockville. MD. (4) EPA. 1980. Environmental Protection PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL found on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, aod elimination of DETAin Agency. TSCA Chemical Substances fNFORMATION man. Inventory (public portion). Washington, D.c.: CAS Number: 111-40-0 B. Short-term (acute) effects. The Environmental Protection Agency. Structural Formula: acute intraperitoneal IDeo is 0.071 g/kg (5) Fujlno M. 1970. Experimental studies on HaNCtLCH.NHCH,CH.NHa in mice and 0.074 g/kg in rats (Hine et the chronic toxicity of dlethylenetriamine in rats. Igaku Kenkyo. 40(2):139-164. (In . Empirical Formula: CJitlN, al., 1958). When administered orally to Japanese. translation) Molecular Weight: 103.17 male rats the IDao after 14 days was 2.33 (8) Gage, Je. 1970. The subacute inhalation Boiling Point: 206.9 [C at 760 mm Hg g/kg, and when administered 'toxiclty of 109 Industrial chemicals. BriL J. Melting Point: -39 [C percutaneously to rabbits the dermal Ind. Med. 27:1-16. Vapor Pressure:.0.37 mm Hg.at 20 [C IDeo was 1.09 g/kg (Smyth et aI., 1949)~ (7)'Hawley ce, ed. 1976. The Condensed' Vapor Density: 3.5 (air=1.0) No toxic signs were reported in a Chemical Dictionary, 9th ed. New York: Van Log Octanol/Water Partition subacute inhalation study where rats NostrandReinboldCompany. . Coefficient: -1.40 at 20 [C (eutimated. were exposed for 15 days. 6 hours a day, (8) Hedenstedt A. 1978. Mutagenicity Leo et aI., 1971) to 130 ppm (Gage, 1970). Undiluted screening of industrial chemicals: seven Description of Chemical: DETA is a .aliphatlc amines and one amide tested in the DETA tested in rabbits' eyes caused Salmonella/microsome assay. Mutat. Res. . strongly alkaline, hygroscopic, se~ere local injury. with permanent loss 63:196-199. viscous, yellow liquid with a mild of vision, whereas a l-percent aqueous (9) Hine CH. Kodama }K,Anderson HH. ammoniacal odor. It is highly soluble solution caused sUght, transitory corneal in water. Simmonson DW, Wellington JS. 1958. The damage and very slight conjunctivitis. toxicity of epoxy resins. A.MA Arch. Ind. Rationale For Recommendations The eye treated with a l-percent Hlth. 17:129-144; solution was normal 2 days after (10) JagaMath DR. Bruslck D. 1978. I. Exposure information-A. exposure (Dow, 1981). Mutagenicity Evaluation of Production/use/disposal information. C. Long-term (subchronic/chronic) Dlethylenetriamlne In the Ames Salmonella/ rh!i TSCA Inventory reports an effects. The lifetime toxicity study in Microsome Plate Test. Final Report aggregate production by five producers rats conducted by Fujino (1970)was Kensington. MD: Utton Bionetics. Ine. in 1977 in excess of 10 million pounds determined to be inconclusiveand Unpublished. . [EPA, 1980). DETA is used in the (11) Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical cannot be .used to assess the chronic Technology. 3rd ed, Vol. 7. 1979. New York: manufacture of a wide variety of toxicity of this chemical.However, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 580-596. products, including chelating agents, wet pathologic changes were noted in the (12) Leo A.. Hansch C. Elkins D. 1971. strength resins for paper goods, epoxy liver and kidney and to a lesser degree Partition coefficients and their uses. Chem. curing agents, polyamide resins for in the spleen and adrenal gland in the Revs. 71(6):52!H116. adhesives and coatings. surfactants in test animals. The Committee (13) NIOSH. 1980. National Institute for shampoos, fabric softeners, corrosion recommends studies to evaluate the Occupational Safety and Health. National inhibitors in petroleum production, Occupational Hazard Survey. 1972-1974. chronic toxicity of this compound with Cincinnati. OH: National Institute for antirust and dispersal additives for high- particular emphasis on the renal and quality motor oUs and fuels, asphalt Occupational Safety and Health. respiratory systems. . (14) Popp KH. 1977. Studies of the emulsifiers, and anti-static agents for D. Mutagenicity. DETA was tested for biodegradability of polyamlnes. Terside. synthetic fibers (I HeinOnline -- 46 Fed. Req. 28142 1981 .- ...... -... Federal Register I"Vol. 46, No. 99 1 Friday, May 22. 1981 1 Notices 28143 a. EnvironmentalEffect:!:Chemical anthlmintic for cattle and sheep: and a Since HCE also may sublime readily fate. Terrestrial plant uptake and mothrepellent. . With9ut melting, the potential fOJ: toxicity. Bioaccumulation.Microbial B. Release and exposure. It is atmospheric release from terresttial toxicity. Avian toxicity.Toxicity to expected that substantial quantities of sources may be considerable. terrestrial invertebrates, Chronic HCE would be released to the II. Environmental considerations-A. toxicity,to fish and aquatic atmosphere as well as to land and water Short,term (acute) effects. Test invertebrates. compartments during use and disposal conducted for the development of the of HCE-containing materials. Although Ambient Water Quality Criteria for , PhysicalandChemicallnfonnation little information Is'available on the Chlorinated Ethanes (EPA. 1980) provide CAS Number:67-72-1. .amount of HCE released to the ample evidence that HCE at Structural Formula: environment as an Intermediate or concentrations below 1 ppm can affect byproduct waste (hex-wastes). this is aquatic organisms. The folloWing acute likely to be the most significant and data were reported: persistent source of contamination. For Daphnia. 4a-hour LC,o=.8.070 fLg/1. C,I CI example. HCE is one of a group of .. Midge (Tanytarsus dissimilis). 48- coproducts in production of hour LCso=1.700 fLg/1. CI-C-C-CI, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, Mysid shrimp, 96-hour static . Ct- CI. and carbon tetrachloride. Disposal of LCso=940'fLg/l. hex-wastes is usually through landfill Fathead minnow. 96-hour fIow- operations 'or incineration: in one major through LC..=l,530 fLg/1. incineration operation, the exhaust . Bluegill, 96-hour static LCso=980 fLg/1. Empirical Formula: C.Cl.. gases are scrubbed with sodium Sheepshead minnow. 96-hour static Molecular Weight: 236.7. hydroxide solution and this solutio.n is LCso=2.400 fLS/1. Melting Point: Sublimes above 186. C. then discharged directly to the Rainbow trout, flow-throush Vapor Pressure:. 0.4 mm Hg at 20. C. environment. Some hex-waste samples LCso=980 fLg/l. have contained as D1uchas 15 percent SpecificGravity:2.09. . hexachloroethane. Since millions of Acute tox1city of HCE to mammals Solubility in Water: 50 mg/l at 22. C. was reported by Weeks et al. (1979).The Log Octanol/Water partition pounds of hex-wastes are generated oral LDaofor the rat and guinea pig Coefficient: 3.93. each year, this could result in a substantial release of HCE to the ranged from 4.480 to 7,690 mg/kg and Description of Chemical: White solid. and the dermal LDsofor the male rabbit environment. It is relevant to any Rationale for Recommendations concern over HCE release from hex- was )32.000 mg/kg. . wastes that three carbon tetrachloride , B. Long-term (subchronic/chronic) I. Exposure information-A. effects. The no-effect level. based on an Production information. The public plants, one trichloroethylene plant. and . embryo-larval test with fathead three perchlroethylene plants have been portion of the 'TSCA Inventory lists six recommended to the Environmental minnows. was 380 fLg/1(EPA. 1980). The U.S. manufacturers and three importers lowest measured toxic effect level in Protection Agency as monitoring sites of HCE in 1977 (BFA. 1981).110rthose this,study-was 700 fLg/i. companies on this list that disclosed (Mumma and Lawless. 1975). HCEhas been detected in rivers. ' Subchronlc vapor inhalation toxicity their figures, the aggregate production municipal water supplies. and industrial of HCE at 260 ppm was moderate to and importation was between 4.1 and effluent stre!UDsat concentrations from severe In guinea pigs. rats. and dogs, but 41.2 million pounds. 1 to 40 ppb (EPA. 1979). nunimal in Japanese quail after 6 weeks' One of the two primary uses 9f HCE is C. Chemical fate information. The exposure. Similar exposure of these in the manufacture of smoke bombs and chemical fate of HCE is complicated and species to HCR at 15 ppm showed no other smoke munitions by the U.S. not clearly defined. det~ctable toxicity (Weeks et ai., 1979). Army. The military is presently seeking The ratio of the vapor pressure to C. Other effects (physiological/ a substitute for HCE and plans to solubiUty in water ofHCElndicates the behavioral/ecosystem processes). The discontinue use of the chemical molecule is lilkely to evaporate from following 9a-hour ECsovalues for algae (McCreesh. 1981). However, a substitute aqueous solutions if it is not sorbed to exposed to HCE were reported in has not been designated at this time. the.hydrosoil. The rate of evaporation Ambient Water Quality Criteria for The secoJ:1dprimary application is.in would depend upon the amount of . "Chlorinated Ethanes (EPA, 1980): aluminum foundries. where It is used in agitation and depth of the bO,dyof Selenastrum (chlorophyll a)=87,ooo degassing magnesium. water. Since HCE is heavier than water. fLS/1. A wide variety of additional it has the tendency to sink to the bottom Selenasirum (cell no.) =93,200 fLg/1. applications for HCE include: an of rivers. lakes. wells, and streams. Skeletonema (chlorophyll a) =8,570 additive for extreme. pressure lubricants: Using the method of Kenaga (1980) for fLg/l a plasticizer for nitrocellulose: an predicting the sorption of chemicals in Skeletonema (cell no.) =7,750 fLg/l. accelerator for rubber vulcanization: a agricultural soil. it Is predicted that HCE Behavioral studies by Webks et al. retarding agent for pharmaceutical Is likely to be sorbed to hydrophobic (1979) produced no measurable effects fermentation processes: and additive to materials present in bottom sediments. on either avoldance'performance or fire extinguishing fluids: an additive to Any chemical that has been trapped on spontaneous motor activity in rats at redue ignitability of combustible liquids; the bottom of a body of water by , exposurcs to HCE of up to 6 weeks and fungicidal and insecticidal components: . sorption is likely to be available for 280 ppm. a component of submarine paints: a . Interactions with microorganisms. In the D. Bioaccumulation and food-chain fixer in photography and xerography: a case of perchlorinated compounds, transport. Measured bioconcentration softening agent in hair setting and however. the biochemical reaction rates factors are 139 for bhiegills (BFA. 1980) styling: and an Ingredient in synthetic are so slow that the mocroorganlsms and 703 for fatheat minnows (Veith. diamonds. Past uses that apparently are tend to accumulate the compound' 1981). This corresponds to total lipid now discontinued include: an without any substantial degradation. contents In these fishes of 2 percent to 3 HeinOnline-- 46 Fed. Rea. 28143 1981 . .... -...... -.. u _ ___ 28144 Federal Register I Vol. 46, No. 99 I Friday, May 22, 1981 I Notices ,', percent for the bluegill and about 8 contammated by runoff or leachates fathead mlOnow 18not a particularly percent for the fathead mlOnow. from landfill sites contalOlOg hex- sensitive speCies, however, and a partial However, the fathead mmnow ISstill a wastes. AdditionaJ bloaccumuJation chromc test with this fish ISnot rather lean fish as compared with studies are recommended. adequate to assess the possibility of salmomds such as trout, whIch have Bioconcentration factors for speCIes m latent toXiCeffects. especially 10species lipid contenta rangmg from about 14 taxonomIc groups other than fish't\..hould of higher lipid content. percent to as hIgh as 50 percent. The be determlOed. BenthIc speCIes would be Chromc studies with aquatic very high bloconcentration factor preferred because hIgh chromc IOvertebrates such as benthic expected for trout raIses concern for exposures are more likely 10thiS portion arthropods or polychaetes are hIgh food-cham residues and of the aquatic environment. particularly appropriate due to the consequently a possibility of significant Microbial toxIcity studies are possibility of greater exposure 10the human exposure, as well as latent recommended specifically for benthIc benthic environment and their critical physiologIcal and reproductive effects 10 decomposers smce HCE slOks In aquatic role 10the aquatic food web. the trout itself that are typical for systems, ISlikely to sorb to sediments, Rererences organochlorines. and may accumulate there at hIgh E. Reasons for specific environmental concentrations. (1) EPA. 1979. EnvIronmental Protection effects recommendations. Allbough EPA The acute toxicity data for tbe rat, Agency. Computer pnntout: STORET (EPA' has desIgnated hexachloroethane as a gwnea pIg, and rabbit suggest a low Water Quality Data Base). Retneved October pnority pollutant under the Clean Water bazard to mammals from oral and 1979. Washlllgton, D.C.. EnvIronmental Protection Agency, Office or Water Act of 1977, no further studies beyond dermal exposure to HCE. Similarly, Regulations and Standards, Critena and those reported 10the AmbIent Water subchromc vapor Inhalation toxicity of Quality CriterIa for Chlonnated Ethanes Standards DivIsIon. HCE to gumea pigS, rats. and dogs IS (2) EPA. 1980. EnVIronmental Protection (EPA, 1980) (pnmarily acute tOXicity also low. For these reasons. testing IS studies) are underway or planned at thiS not recommended for mammalian Agency. AmbIent Water Quality Critena for Chlonnated Ethanes. Washington, D.C.. time. HCE was not among the list of species at thiS time. However, if latent pnority pollutants, Including 12 of Environmental Protection Agency. Office or fonns of tOXicityare demonstrated In Water Regulations and Standards, Critena hIghest concern and 16 of secondary other tests, the need for chromc concern, that have been selected for and Standards DIvIsIon. EPA Report No. 440/ mammalian testing should be evaluated. 5-81H129. additional aquatic toxIcity testing by the Very few data are available for aVian (3) EPA. 1981. EnvIronmental Protection Office of Water Regulations and Agency. TSCA Chenucal Substances Standards. species. A slOgle subchromc vapor Inventory (public portion). Washington. D.C.. Organochlorines In general are mhaJation test with Japanese quaiJ showed almost no tOXicityfrom HCE. EnVIronmental Protection Agency. notonous for latent forms of toxIcity, (4) Kenaga EE. 1980. Predicted mcIuding reproductive tOXiCity,neural However other tests, such as dietary and reproductive tests with other bloconcentratlon factors and soil sorption tOXicity, and behaVior modifications. coefficIents or pesticIdes and other Compounds suspected of latent forms of speCies, are needed. AVian tOXicitytests chemIcals. Ecotoxlcol. Environ. Safety. 4:26- toxIcity should not be Judged for are recommended due to the expected 38; 1980. enVironmental hazard solely on the diversity of exposure routes and would (5) McCreesh. A.H. 1981 February 2- basIs of acute toxIcIty tests. For an be particularly appropriate if resIdues of Memorandum to the Interagency Testing HCE m the parts-per-billion range are Committee. organochlorine, annual production of 40 found in food sources such as terrestrial mUilon pounds must be consIdered very (8) Mumma C. Lawless E. 1975. Survey of annelids, Insects, fish, and plant tissues. mdustnal processmg data. Task 1. high (e.g., most organochlonne hexachlorobenzene andhexachlorobutadiene pestiCides do not approach tlus level of Toxicity tests and residue measurements with terrestrial pollution 'from chlorocarbon processes. EPA production). Chemical fate studies are Invertebrates, particularly annelids, are Report No. 660/3-75-003. (1) NIOSH. 1980. National institute ror recommended because of the almost recommended because of their Importance 10the terrestrial food web. Occupational Safety and Health. National complete absence of these data. The Occupational Hazard Survey,1972-1974. broad spectrum of opportunities for Chromc tOXicitystudies with fish and Cincmnatl, OH: National Institute ror enVIronmental retease Justify fate aquatic mvertebrates are recommended. Occupational Sarety and Health. studies applicable to all environmental In spite of eVidence of acute (8) Veith GD.1981 April 10. Memorandum comparbnents. tOXicologIcal concern, no 'full chromc to E.J. ZUlioux. Terrestrial plant uptake and toxIcity studies with aquatic species have been (9) Weeks MH. Angrhorer RA, Bischop R. studies are recommended because no conducted. The one partIal chromc test Thomaslno J. Pope CR. 1979. The tOXicity or Information has been found. The likely with'lbe embryo-larval stages oflbe hexachloroethane 111laboratory ammals. Am. exposure routes would be Ibrough fathead minnow does not IOdicate Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 40(3):187-198. atmosphenc release and from Irrigation tOXicitymuch greater than the acute [FR Doc. 81-15374 Filed Wt-at; 8:45 ami by ground or surface water toxicity value for thiS species. The BlWNG CODE 8560-31-11 HeinOnline-- 46 Fed. Req. 28144 1981