Univerza V Ljubljani Filozofska Fakulteta Aljoša Harlamov SLOVENSKI MODERNISTIČNI ROMAN Doktorska Disertacija Mentorica
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Univerza v Ljubljani Filozofska fakulteta Aljoša Harlamov SLOVENSKI MODERNISTIČNI ROMAN Doktorska disertacija Mentorica: red. prof. dr. Alojzija Zupan Sosič Študijski program: Humanistika in družboslovje Področje: Slovenistika Ljubljana, marec 2016 ZAHVALA Zahvaljujem se mentorici red. prof. dr. Alojziji Zupan Sosič za njeno neskončno potrpežljivost ter zanesljivo vodstvo, brez nje najbrž te disertacije ne bi uspel končati, gotovo pa ne bi bila tako kvalitetna. Zahvaljujem se družini, žlahti, prijateljem in kolegom za spodbudo, ki morda ni imela vedno opraviti z disertacijo, mi je pa dajala voljo in odločnost. Ne nazadnje se zahvaljujem Maji, za to in za vse. 2 KAZALO UVOD ........................................................................................................................... 6 PRVI DEL: MODERNIZEM IN MODERNISTIČNI ROMAN ................................ 8 RAZVOJ POJMA MODERNIZEM KOT LITERARNOZGODOVINSKE PERIODIZACIJSKE OZNAKE .................................................................................... 8 Sočasna refleksija modernistične umetnosti (nova kritika, ruski formalizem in frankfurtska šola) .................................................................................................. 11 Prvi poskusi razumevanja modernizma (1950–1960) ........................................ 14 Prve teoretske opredelitve modernistične literature (1960–1970) .................... 15 Kritike in revizija pojma modernizem (1970–1975) .......................................... 16 Konstituiranje pojma modernizem (po letu 1975) ............................................. 18 Koncept modernizma znotraj metodološke pluralnosti .................................... 20 MODERNIZEM V SLOVENSKI LITERARNI VEDI ......................................... 22 Od sinonimnosti z moderno in modernim do množice poimenovanj (1898–ok. 1980)........................................................................................................................ 22 Modernizem kot periodizacijska oznaka (od okrog 1980) ................................ 26 MODERNIZEM IN MODERNA ............................................................................ 32 Izvor in razvoj pojma ............................................................................................ 32 Moderna ................................................................................................................. 35 Tehnologija in znanost .......................................................................................... 37 Politika in družba: produkcijski in recepcijski pogoji ...................................... 41 Filozofija in psihologija ......................................................................................... 43 Jezik ........................................................................................................................ 46 MODERNISTIČNA PRIPOVED ............................................................................ 48 Modernizem kot »ukinjanje realističnega diskurza« ......................................... 49 MODERNI SUBJEKT IN (NE)SUBJEKT MODERNIZMA .............................. 53 Modernizem kot antihumanizem ......................................................................... 54 Moderni subjekt in subjekt v modernizmu ........................................................ 57 Tok zavesti in notranji monolog .......................................................................... 60 ZNAČILNOSTI MODERNISTIČNEGA ROMANA ........................................... 64 Pripoved in zgodba ................................................................................................ 64 Prostor-čas oziroma literarni svet ....................................................................... 65 Subjekt.................................................................................................................... 66 Ključni pojmi ......................................................................................................... 67 3 DRUGI DEL: SLOVENSKI MODERNIZEM ........................................................... 70 PROBLEMI SLOVENSKEGA MODERNIZMA: MODERNA, EKSISTENCIALIZEM ................................................................................................ 70 MODERNIZEM IN SLOVENSKA MODERNA .................................................. 71 SLOVENSKI MODERNIZEM IN EKSISTENCIALIZEM ................................ 77 DRUŽBENO-ZGODOVINSKI KONTEKST SLOVENSKEGA MODERNISTIČNEGA ROMANA ........................................................................ 81 Druga svetovna vojna kot travma........................................................................ 81 Dihotomije povojne Jugoslavije ........................................................................... 82 Polemika med modernimi in starimi v petdesetih .............................................. 84 Modernizem kot gibanje konec petdesetih in v šestdesetih ............................... 87 TRETJI DEL: SLOVENSKI MODERNISTIČNI ROMAN DO LETA 1980 ......... 91 POJASNILA O IZBORU ......................................................................................... 91 PROTOMODERNIZEM ......................................................................................... 95 IVAN CANKAR (1876–1918) .................................................................................. 95 Nina (1906) ............................................................................................................. 95 Milan in Milena (1913) .......................................................................................... 99 VLADIMIR LEVSTIK (1886–1957) ..................................................................... 102 Sphinx patria (1910) ............................................................................................ 102 IZIDOR CANKAR (1886–1958) ............................................................................ 105 S poti (1913) ......................................................................................................... 105 SLOVENSKI MODERNISTIČNI ROMAN ........................................................ 108 VITOMIL ZUPAN (1914–1987) ............................................................................ 108 Potovanje na konec pomladi: Blisk v štirih barvah (pred 1939, izdan 1972) 109 Menuet za kitaro (na petindvajset strelov) (1975)............................................ 115 ZORKO SIMČIČ (1921) ........................................................................................ 122 Človek na obeh straneh stene (1957) ................................................................. 123 DOMINIK SMOLE (1929–1992) .......................................................................... 129 Črni dnevi in beli dan (1958) .............................................................................. 130 PETER BOŽIČ (1932–2009) .................................................................................. 138 Izven (1963) .......................................................................................................... 140 Očeta Vincenca smrt (1979) ............................................................................... 145 VLADIMIR KAVČIČ (1932–2014) ...................................................................... 152 Od tu dalje (1964) ................................................................................................ 153 Onkraj in še dlje (1971) ...................................................................................... 159 4 LOJZE KOVAČIČ (1928–2004) ........................................................................... 164 Deček in smrt (1968) ........................................................................................... 165 RUDI ŠELIGO (1935–2004) .................................................................................. 170 Triptih Agate Schwarzkobler (1968) ................................................................. 171 Rahel stik (1975) .................................................................................................. 178 DIMITRIJ RUPEL (1946) ..................................................................................... 184 Na pol poti do obzorja (1968) ............................................................................. 186 JOŽE SNOJ (1934) ................................................................................................. 194 Hodnik (1969) ...................................................................................................... 195 Negativ Gojka Mrča (1971) ................................................................................ 201 DUŠAN JOVANOVIĆ (1939) ................................................................................ 207 Don Juan na psu ali Zdrav duh v zdravem telesu (1969) ................................ 208 FLORJAN LIPUŠ (1937) ....................................................................................... 216 Zmote dijaka Tjaža (1972) ................................................................................. 217 PAVLE ZIDAR (1932–1992) ................................................................................. 224 Moji besi: Prosto po Daliju (1972) ..................................................................... 225 Harem, (1975) ...................................................................................................... 230 DRAGO JANČAR (1948) .....................................................................................