THE LOST SUBMARINE: the MYSTERY of AE1 By
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The Vietnam War an Australian Perspective
THE VIETNAM WAR AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE [Compiled from records and historical articles by R Freshfield] Introduction What is referred to as the Vietnam War began for the US in the early 1950s when it deployed military advisors to support South Vietnam forces. Australian advisors joined the war in 1962. South Korea, New Zealand, The Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand also sent troops. The war ended for Australian forces on 11 January 1973, in a proclamation by Governor General Sir Paul Hasluck. 12 days before the Paris Peace Accord was signed, although it was another 2 years later in May 1975, that North Vietnam troops overran Saigon, (Now Ho Chi Minh City), and declared victory. But this was only the most recent chapter of an era spanning many decades, indeed centuries, of conflict in the region now known as Vietnam. This story begins during the Second World War when the Japanese invaded Vietnam, then a colony of France. 1. French Indochina – Vietnam Prior to WW2, Vietnam was part of the colony of French Indochina that included Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Vietnam was divided into the 3 governances of Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina. (See Map1). In 1940, the Japanese military invaded Vietnam and took control from the Vichy-French government stationing some 30,000 troops securing ports and airfields. Vietnam became one of the main staging areas for Japanese military operations in South East Asia for the next five years. During WW2 a movement for a national liberation of Vietnam from both the French and the Japanese developed in amongst Vietnamese exiles in southern China. -
An Analysis of the Loss of HMAS SYDNEY
An analysis of the loss of HMAS SYDNEY By David Kennedy The 6,830-ton modified Leander class cruiser HMAS SYDNEY THE MAIN STORY The sinking of cruiser HMAS SYDNEY by disguised German raider KORMORAN, and the delayed search for all 645 crew who perished 70 years ago, can be attributed directly to the personal control by British wartime leader Winston Churchill of top-secret Enigma intelligence decodes and his individual power. As First Lord of the Admiralty, then Prime Minster, Churchill had been denying top secret intelligence information to commanders at sea, and excluding Australian prime ministers from knowledge of Ultra decodes of German Enigma signals long before SYDNEY II was sunk by KORMORAN, disguised as the Dutch STRAAT MALAKKA, off north-Western Australia on November 19, 1941. Ongoing research also reveals that a wide, hands-on, operation led secretly from London in late 1941, accounted for the ignorance, confusion, slow reactions in Australia and a delayed search for survivors . in stark contrast to Churchill's direct part in the destruction by SYDNEY I of the German cruiser EMDEN 25 years before. Churchill was at the helm of one of his special operations, to sweep from the oceans disguised German raiders, their supply ships, and also blockade runners bound for Germany from Japan, when SYDNEY II was lost only 19 days before the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia. Covering up of a blunder, or a punitive example to the new and distrusted Labor government of John Curtin gone terribly wrong because of a covert German weapon, can explain stern and brief official statements at the time and whitewashes now, with Germany and Japan solidly within Western alliances. -
The British Commonwealth and Allied Naval Forces' Operation with the Anti
THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH AND ALLIED NAVAL FORCES’ OPERATION WITH THE ANTI-COMMUNIST GUERRILLAS IN THE KOREAN WAR: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE OPERATION ON THE WEST COAST By INSEUNG KIM A dissertation submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham May 2018 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the British Commonwealth and Allied Naval forces operation on the west coast during the final two and a half years of the Korean War, particularly focused on their co- operation with the anti-Communist guerrillas. The purpose of this study is to present a more realistic picture of the United Nations (UN) naval forces operation in the west, which has been largely neglected, by analysing their activities in relation to the large number of irregular forces. This thesis shows that, even though it was often difficult and frustrating, working with the irregular groups was both strategically and operationally essential to the conduct of the war, and this naval-guerrilla relationship was of major importance during the latter part of the naval campaign. -
177Th 2013 Australia Day Regatta
Endorsed by Proudly sponsored by 177TH AUSTRALIA DAY REGATTA 2013 At Commonwealth Private we understand that our business relies on your continued success. This means we will find the solution that works for you, regardless of whether it includes a product of ours or not. Tailored advice combined with expert analysis, unique insights and the unmatched resources of Australia’s largest financial institution. A refreshing approach that can take you further, and together, further still. Winner of the Outstanding Institution Award for clients with $1-$10 million, four years in a row. commonwealthprivate.com.au Things to know before you can: This advertisement has been prepared by Commonwealth Private Limited ABN 30 125 238 039 AFSL 314018 a wholly owned by non-guaranteed subsidiary of Commonwealth Bank of Australia ABN 48 123 123 124, AFSL and Australian Credit Licence 234945. The services described are provided by teams consisting of Private Bankers who are representatives of Commonwealth Bank of Australia, and Private Wealth Managers who are representatives of Commonwealth Private Ltd. FROM THE PRESIDENT I again acknowledge the Armed Services for their role in supporting our Australia Day is an occasion on which all Australians can nation. Their participation celebrate our sense of nationhood. is important to our We honour the first Australians and pay respects to the Australia Day celebration Gadigal and Cammeragil people, recognising them as having and I particularly thank been fine custodians of Sydney Harbour. We acknowledge the Royal Australian the Europeans who established our modern Australia, those Navy which provides our early settlers who showed great fortitude and commitment flagship for the Regatta. -
Clarecastle and Ballyea in the Great War
Clarecastle and Ballyea in the Great War By Ger Browne Index Page : Clarecastle and Ballyea during the Great War Page : The 35 Men from Clarecastle and Ballyea who died in the Great War and other profiles Page 57 : The List of those from Clarecastle and Ballyea in the Great War Page : The Soldiers Houses in Clarecastle and Ballyea Page : The Belgian Refugees in Clarecastle. Page : Clarecastle and Ballyea men in WW2 1 Clarecastle and Ballyea During the Great War Ennis Road Blacksmith Power’s Pub Military Barracks Train Station Main Street RIC Barracks Creggaun Clarecastle Harbour I would like to thank Eric Shaw who kindly gave me a tour of Clarecastle and Ballyea, and showed me all the sites relevant to WW1. Eric’s article on the Great War in the book ‘Clarecastle and Ballyea - Land and People 2’ was an invaluable source of information. Eric also has been a great help to me over the past five years, with priceless information on Clare in WW1 and WW2. If that was not enough, Dr Joe Power, another historian from Clarecastle published his excellent book ‘Clare and the Great War’ in 2015. Clarecastle and Ballyea are very proud of their history, and it is a privilege to write this booklet on its contribution to the Great War. 2 Main Street Clarecastle Michael McMahon: Born in Sixmilebridge, lived in Clarecastle, died of wounds 20th Aug 1917 age 25, Royal Dublin Fusiliers 1st Bn 40124, 29th Div, G/M in Belgium. Formerly with the Royal Munster Fusiliers. Son of Pat and Kate McMahon, and husband of Mary (Taylor) McMahon (she remained a war widow for the rest of her life), Main Street, Clarecastle. -
Claremen & Women in the Great War 1914-1918
Claremen & Women in The Great War 1914-1918 The following gives some of the Armies, Regiments and Corps that Claremen fought with in WW1, the battles and events they died in, those who became POW’s, those who had shell shock, some brothers who died, those shot at dawn, Clare politicians in WW1, Claremen courtmartialled, and the awards and medals won by Claremen and women. The people named below are those who partook in WW1 from Clare. They include those who died and those who survived. The names were mainly taken from the following records, books, websites and people: Peadar McNamara (PMcN), Keir McNamara, Tom Burnell’s Book ‘The Clare War Dead’ (TB), The In Flanders website, ‘The Men from North Clare’ Guss O’Halloran, findagrave website, ancestry.com, fold3.com, North Clare Soldiers in WW1 Website NCS, Joe O’Muircheartaigh, Brian Honan, Kilrush Men engaged in WW1 Website (KM), Dolores Murrihy, Eric Shaw, Claremen/Women who served in the Australian Imperial Forces during World War 1(AI), Claremen who served in the Canadian Forces in World War 1 (CI), British Army WWI Pension Records for Claremen in service. (Clare Library), Sharon Carberry, ‘Clare and the Great War’ by Joe Power, The Story of the RMF 1914-1918 by Martin Staunton, Booklet on Kilnasoolagh Church Newmarket on Fergus, Eddie Lough, Commonwealth War Grave Commission Burials in County Clare Graveyards (Clare Library), Mapping our Anzacs Website (MA), Kilkee Civic Trust KCT, Paddy Waldron, Daniel McCarthy’s Book ‘Ireland’s Banner County’ (DMC), The Clare Journal (CJ), The Saturday Record (SR), The Clare Champion, The Clare People, Charles E Glynn’s List of Kilrush Men in the Great War (C E Glynn), The nd 2 Munsters in France HS Jervis, The ‘History of the Royal Munster Fusiliers 1861 to 1922’ by Captain S. -
Masterproef Maxim Veys 20055346
Universiteit Gent – Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Race naar Katanga 1890-1893. Een onderzoek naar het organisatorische karakter van de expedities in Congo Vrijstaat 1890-1893. Scriptie voorgelegd voor het behalen van de graad van Master in de Geschiedenis Vakgroep Nieuwste Geschiedenis Academiejaar: 2009-2010 Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eric Vanhaute Maxim A. Veys Dankwoord Deze thesis was een werk van lange adem. Daarom zou ik graag mijn dank betuigen aan enkele mensen. Allereerst zou ik graag mijn promotor, Prof. Dr. Eric Vanhaute, willen bedanken voor de bereidheid die hij had om mij te begeleiden bij dit werk. In het bijzonder wil ik ook graag Jan-Frederik Abbeloos, assistent op de vakgroep, bedanken voor het aanleveren van het eerste idee en interessante extra literatuur, en het vele geduld dat hij met mij heeft gehad. Daarnaast dien ik ook mijn ouders te bedanken. In de eerste plaats omdat zij mij de kans hebben gegeven om deze opleiding aan te vatten, en voor de vele steun in soms lastige momenten. Deze scriptie mooi afronden is het minste wat ik kan doen als wederdienst. Ook het engelengeduld van mijn vader mag ongetwijfeld vermeld worden. Dr. Luc Janssens en Alexander Heymans van het Algemeen Rijksarchief wens ik te vermelden voor hun belangrijke hulp bij het recupereren van verloren gewaande bronnen, cruciaal om deze verhandeling te kunnen voltooien. Ik wil ook Sara bedanken voor het nalezen van mijn teksten. Maxim Veys 2 INHOUDSOPGAVE Voorblad 1 Dankwoord 2 Inhoudsopgave 3 I. Inleiding 4 II. Literatuurstudie 13 1. Het nieuwe imperialisme 13 2. Het Belgische “imperialisme” 16 3. De Onafhankelijke Congostaat. -
FROM CRADLE to GRAVE? the Place of the Aircraft
FROM CRADLE TO GRAVE? The Place of the Aircraft Carrier in Australia's post-war Defence Force Subthesis submitted for the degree of MASTER OF DEFENCE STUDIES at the University College The University of New South Wales Australian Defence Force Academy 1996 by ALLAN DU TOIT ACADEMY LIBRARy UNSW AT ADFA 437104 HMAS Melbourne, 1973. Trackers are parked to port and Skyhawks to starboard Declaration by Candidate I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of a university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment is made in the text of the thesis. Allan du Toit Canberra, October 1996 Ill Abstract This subthesis sets out to study the place of the aircraft carrier in Australia's post-war defence force. Few changes in naval warfare have been as all embracing as the role played by the aircraft carrier, which is, without doubt, the most impressive, and at the same time the most controversial, manifestation of sea power. From 1948 until 1983 the aircraft carrier formed a significant component of the Australian Defence Force and the place of an aircraft carrier in defence strategy and the force structure seemed relatively secure. Although cost, especially in comparison to, and in competition with, other major defence projects, was probably the major issue in the demise of the aircraft carrier and an organic fixed-wing naval air capability in the Australian Defence Force, cost alone can obscure the ftindamental reordering of Australia's defence posture and strategic thinking, which significantly contributed to the decision not to replace HMAS Melbourne. -
We Envy No Man on Earth Because We Fly. the Australian Fleet Air
We Envy No Man On Earth Because We Fly. The Australian Fleet Air Arm: A Comparative Operational Study. This thesis is presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Murdoch University 2016 Sharron Lee Spargo BA (Hons) Murdoch University I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. …………………………………………………………………………….. Abstract This thesis examines a small component of the Australian Navy, the Fleet Air Arm. Naval aviators have been contributing to Australian military history since 1914 but they remain relatively unheard of in the wider community and in some instances, in Australian military circles. Aviation within the maritime environment was, and remains, a versatile weapon in any modern navy but the struggle to initiate an aviation branch within the Royal Australian Navy was a protracted one. Finally coming into existence in 1947, the Australian Fleet Air Arm operated from the largest of all naval vessels in the post battle ship era; aircraft carriers. HMAS Albatross, Sydney, Vengeance and Melbourne carried, operated and fully maintained various fixed-wing aircraft and the naval personnel needed for operational deployments until 1982. These deployments included contributions to national and multinational combat, peacekeeping and humanitarian operations. With the Australian government’s decision not to replace the last of the aging aircraft carriers, HMAS Melbourne, in 1982, the survival of the Australian Fleet Air Arm, and its highly trained personnel, was in grave doubt. This was a major turning point for Australian Naval Aviation; these versatile flyers and the maintenance and technical crews who supported them retrained on rotary aircraft, or helicopters, and adapted to flight operations utilising small compact ships. -
WARFARE OFFICERS CAREER HANDBOOK II Warfare Officers Career Handbook
WARFARE OFFICERS CAREER HANDBOOK II WARFARE OFFICERS CAREER HANDBooK Warfare O fficers C areer H andbook IV WARFARE OFFICERS CAREER HANDBooK Foreword The Warfare Officers Career Handbook provides information for members of the Royal Australian Navy’s Warfare community. For the purposes of this handbook, the Warfare community is deemed to include all officers of the Seaman, Pilot and Observer Primary Qualifications. The Warfare Officer Community symbiotically contains personnel from the seaman, Submarine, Aviation, Hydrographic and Meteorological, Mine Clearance Diving and Naval Communications and Intelligence groups. The Warfare Officers Career Handbook is a source document for Warfare Officers to consult as they progress through their careers. It is intended to inform and stimulate consideration of career issues and to provide a coherent guide that articulates Navy’s requirements and expectations. The book provides a summary of the Warfare branch specialisations and the sub-specialisations that are embedded within them, leading in due course to entry into the Charge Program and the Command opportunities that follow. The Warfare Officers Career Handbook also describes the historical derivation of current warfare streams to provide contemporary relevance and the cultural background within which maritime warfare duties are conducted. It discusses the national context in which Warfare Officers discharge their duties. Leadership and ethical matters are explored, as is the inter-relationship between personal attributes, values, leadership, performance and sense of purpose. There is no intention that this handbook replicate or replace extant policy and procedural guidelines. Rather, the handbook focuses on the enduring features of maritime warfare. Policy by its nature is transient. Therefore, as far as possible, the Warfare Officers Career Handbook deals with broad principles and not more narrowly defined policies that rightly belong in other documents. -
Transcript of Oral History Recording
TRANSCRIPT OF ORAL HISTORY RECORDING S02293 Commodore Norman Ernest Lee RAN (Ret’d) on pilot duties 817 Squadron Sydney Carrier Air Group, Korea 1951-1952, interviewed by Ben Evans Recorded at: Canberra, ACT on: 6 July 2001 by: Lenny Preston, Australian War Memorial Description Lee speaks of his service background and experience as well as training; joining 817 Squadron 21 Carrier Air Group Nowra; his deployment to Korea with the aircraft carrier HMAS Sydney; Sydney Carrier Air Group's role in supporting United Nations forces in the coastal corridor Seoul to Chinnampo keeping communication lines open and spotting for naval gunfire; the Fairey Firefly aircraft; weapons - armament including cannon and bombs; deck landings; various in-flight incidents not all of them combat-related; how Sub Lieutenant Knappstein sold his plane; failed experiments with rocket-assisted take-off gear (RATOG); combat missions over Korea; the effects of the weather in particular Typhoon Ruth in the winter of 1951; morale within the squadron; life on board an aircraft carrier during the Korean winter October 1951 to February 1952; effects of the cold at sea compared with the Army experience on land; and the return of the HMAS Glory. Transcribed by: C L Soames, Gondwana Scientific, August 2001 Disclaimer The Australian War Memorial is not responsible either for the accuracy of matters discussed or opinions expressed by speakers, which are for the reader to judge. Transcript methodology Please note that the printed word can never fully convey all the meaning of speech, and may lead to misinterpretation. Readers concerned with the expressive elements of speech should refer to the audio record. -
Working Papers Drivers of Migration: a Synthesis of Knowledge
Working Papers Paper 163, April 2020 Drivers of migration: A synthesis of knowledge Mathias Czaika and Constantin Reinprecht This paper is published by the International Migration Institute (IMI). IMI does not have an institutional view and does not aim to present one. The views expressed in this document are those of its independent author(s). The IMI Working Papers Series The IMI working paper series presents current research in the field of international migration. The series was initiated by the International Migration Institute (IMI) since its founding at the University of Oxford in 2006. The papers in this series (1) analyse migration as part of broader global change, (2) contribute to new theoretical approaches and (3) advance our understanding of the multilevel forces driving migration and experiences of migration. Abstract Migration drivers are structural elements that have the potential to facilitate, enable, constrain, and trigger migration processes. Migration drivers might increase or decrease the salience of migration, the likelihood of certain migration routes, and the desirability of different destinations. Migration drivers affect migration directly but also, sometimes even more importantly, indirectly as part of a configured migration driver environment. In our assessment of the migration literature we broadly distinguish between nine migration driver dimensions (demographic, economic, environmental, human development, individual, politico- institutional, security, socio-cultural, and supranational) and 24 migration driving factors. The circumstances, ways and modes, but also the extent to which a set of driving factors may influence migration (decision-making) processes are dependent on the functionality of migration drivers, which is a central aspect in understanding the specific role single or combinations of migration drivers may play in migration.