Five New Species of the Clubiona Corticalis Species Group (Araneae, Clubionidae) from China

Zootaxa 4184 (3): 561–575 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CED5BD3B-B40A-4CF1-9746-76B408D82BE7 Five new species of the Clubiona corticalis species group (Araneae, Clubionidae) from China

PING LIU, XIANJIN PENG1 & HENGMEI YAN College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Five new species of the genus Clubiona collected in Mt. Gaoligong, Yunnan Province, China are described: C. biforamina n. sp., C. dactylina n. sp., C. falciforma n. sp., C. multidentata n. sp. and C. tangi n. sp., all belonging to the corticalis species group and known from both males and females.

Key words: Sac Spiders, Dionycha, Taxonomy, Yunnan Province, Palearctic Region

Introduction

Up to now, a total of 476 species of Clubiona from most regions of the world have been described (World Spider Catalog 2016). Mikhailov (1995) subdivided this large genus in 15 species groups. One of the most distinct of these groups is the one that includes C. corticalis (Walckenaer, 1802), which was first recognized by Simon (1932). Two generic names are available for the group: Atalia, proposed by Thorell (1887) (type species, A. concinna Thorell, 1887) and Paraclubiona proposed by Lohmander (1944) (type species, C. corticalis). However, here we follow Mikhailov (1995) who considered this taxon as a species group of Clubiona, recognized by the male palpal tegulum enlarged and protruded, both retrolateral and ventral tibial apophyses simple, weakly developed, and by the epigynal copulatory openings anteriorly placed, well separated from epigastric furrow. Currently, 114 species of Clubiona are known from China, 21 of them belonging to the corticalis group. Spiders of this group are rather well studied in China (Liu et al. 2007; Zhang et al. 2007; Zhang & Zhu, 2009; Yu et al. 2012; Zhu et al., 2012; Wu & Zhang 2014; Wang et al. 2015; Wu et al. 2015). While examining the specimens collected in Mt. Gaoligong by the Sino-American Expeditions (1998–2006), we recognized five species belonging to the corticalis group as new to science. The goal of this paper is to provide detailed descriptions of these species.

Material and methods

The examined specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, at the Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China (curator: Ping Liu). Specimens were kept in 75% ethanol. Epigynes were cleared in lactic acid for examination and stored in microvials together with the specimens. The left male palp was used for description and illustrations. Specimens were examined, measured and drawn with an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope and an Olympus BX53 compound microscope. Photos were taken with a digital camera Canon PowerShot G12 mounted on an Olympus BX53 and compound focus images were generated using Helicon Focus software (Version 3.10). Leg measurements are given in the following order: total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). All measurements are given in millimeters (mm). The terminology used in text and legends follows Yu, Sun & Zhang (2012). In the descriptions of females, only differences from the male are mentioned. Abbreviations used in the text and figures are as follows: A, atrium; ALE, anterior lateral eyes; AME, anterior median eyes; AME–AME, distance between AME; AME–ALE, distance between AME and ALE; B, bursa; C,

Accepted by A. Bonaldo: 23 Sept. 2016; published: 7 Nov. 2016 561 conductor; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; MOQ, median ocular quadrangle; MOQA, MOQ anterior width; MOQL, MOQ length; MOQP, MOQ posterior width; PA, patellar apophysis; PLE, posterior lateral eyes; PME, posterior median eyes; PME–PME, distance between PME; PME–PLE, distance between PME and PLE; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

Taxonomy

Clubiona biforamina new species Figs 1–12

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Nankang (24°49'00"N, 98°46'60"E, 2100 m), Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, 4–7 November 1998, C. Griswold, D.H. Kavanaugh, C.L. Long leg.. Paratypes: CHINA. Yunnan Province: 1 ♀, same data as holotype; 2 ♂, Tengchong County, Henghe Village, 60th km of Bawan–Tengchong road (25°00'30"N, 98°25'15"E, 1594 m), 19 October 2003, G. Tang leg.; 1 ♀, Fugong County, Lumadeng Township, 0.4 km SSE Shibali guesthouse (27°09'48"N, 98°46'55"E, 2475 m), 5 May 2004, C. Griswold, D.H. Kavanaugh leg.. Etymology. The specific name is the combination of the prefix “bi-” (double) and the Latin “foramen” (hole), referring to the two small, circular copulatory openings in the female epigyne; adjective. Diagnosis. Males and females of Clubiona biforamina n. sp. resemble those of C. linzhiensis Hu, 2001 described from Xizang, China (see Yu et al., 2012, figs 17–39), but differ by the tibia with a membranous lamella covering the retrolateral tibial apophysis in retrolateral view (Figs 5, 10); tegular apophysis absent (Figs 4, 9); apex of conductor placed below the apex of embolus; conductor and embolus apexes well separated in prolateral view (Figs 3, 8); atrium hump-shaped, longitudinal; copulatory openings circular, located on the middle of atrium (Figs 6, 11); spermathecae transversally U-shaped, located over the bursae (Figs 7, 12); dorsum of abdomen without color markings (Figs 1, 2). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 5.20; carapace 2.50 long, 1.70 wide; abdomen 2.70 long, 1.40 wide. Cephalothorax (Fig. 1). Carapace brownish yellow; chelicerae brownish yellow, promargin with five teeth, fourth largest, retromargin with six subequal teeth; endites and labium brownish yellow; sternum brownish yellow, with few long hairs. Eyes. In dorsal view, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior eye row almost straight; AME dark, other eyes light, surrounded by black pigment; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.15, PLE 0.10, PME 0.15, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.23, PME–PLE 0.13; MOQL 0.28, MOQA 0.28, MOQP 0.43. Legs light yellow; tibiae I and II with six ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with one pair of ventral spines; leg measurements: I 7.04 (1.88, 3.0, 1.38, 0.78), II 9.41 (2.45, 3.90, 2.08, 0.98), III 6.64 (1.83, 2.50, 1.68, 0.63), IV 8.93 (2.40, 3.10, 2.55, 0.88); leg formula: II, IV, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 1). Dorsum light yellow, with two pairs of muscular depressions; venter light yellow; spinnerets light yellow. Palp (Figs 3–5, 8–10). Femur and patella unmodified, without apophyses; ventral tibial apophysis conical, with blunt apex, retrolateral tibial apophysis flat, triangular, covered by a tibial membranous lamella; cymbium longer than bulb; bulb elongate-oval, sperm duct thick and U-shaped in ventral view; conductor with wider base and sharply pointed apex; embolus slender, with cuspidal apex. Female (paratype). Total length 6.90; carapace 2.60 long, 1.95 wide; abdomen 4.20 long, 2.75 wide. Cephalothorax (Fig. 2). General color darker than that of male; chelicerae promargin with five teeth, fourth largest, retromargin with five subequal teeth. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.15, PLE 0.10, PME 0.13, AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.28, PME–PLE 0.18; MOQL 0.35, MOQA 0.30, MOQP 0.40. Leg measurements: I 5.41 (1.50, 2.18, 1.10, 0.63), II 6.15 (1.70, 2.50, 1.25, 0.70), III 5.38 (1.58, 1.90, 1.35, 0.55), IV 7.56 (2.18, 2.65, 2.10, 0.63); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Epigyne (Figs 6–7, 11–12). Atrium hump-shaped, located at anterior part of epigynal plate; two small, circular copulatory openings, located in the middle of atrium; copulatory ducts indistinct; spermathecae with ovoid heads and tubular, transversally U-shaped bases; bursae ovoid, translucent. Distribution. Presently known only from Yunnan, China.

562 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. FIGURES 1–7. Clubiona biforamina n. sp.: male holotype (1, 3–5) and female paratype (2, 6–7). 1–2 habitus, dorsal view; 3 palp, prolateral view; 4 same, ventral view; 5 same, retrolateral view; 6 epigyne, ventral view; 7 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm (1–2), 0.1mm (3–7).

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CLUBIONA FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 563 FIGURES 8–12. Clubiona biforamina n. sp.: male holotype (8–10) and female paratype (11–12). 8 palp, prolateral view; 9 same, ventral view; 10 same, retrolateral view; 11 epigyne, ventral view; 12 vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviatures: A, Atrium; B, bursa; C, conductor; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Clubiona dactylina new species Figs 13–24

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Bailai Group (28º00'33''N, 98º19'20''E, 1676 m), Longyuan Village, Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, China, 31 October – 3 November 2004, G. Tang leg.. Paratypes: CHINA. Yunnan Province: 1 ♂, 4 ♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, Kongdang Village (27°52'46"N, 98°20'19"E, 1527 m), 25 October 2004, G. Tang leg.

564 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. FIGURES 13–19. Clubiona dactylina n. sp.: male holotype (13, 15–17) and female paratype (14, 18–19). 13–14 habitus, dorsal view; 15 palp, prolateral view; 16 same, ventral view; 17 same, retrolateral view; 18 epigyne, ventral view; 19 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (13–14), 0.1 mm (15–19).

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CLUBIONA FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 565 FIGURES 20–24. Clubiona dactylina n. sp.: male holotype (20–22) and female paratype (23–24). 20 palp, prolateral view; 21 same, ventral view; 22 same, retrolateral view; 23 epigyne, ventral view; 24 vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviatures: A, Atrium; B, bursa; C, conductor; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Etymology. The specific name is the combination of the Greek “dactylus” (finger) and the suffix “-inus” (similar), referring to the digitiform conductor; adjective. Diagnosis. Males and females of Clubiona dactylina n. sp. resemble those of C. cylindrata Liu, Yan, Griswold & Ubick, 2007 also described from Yunnan, China (see Liu et al., 2007, figs 11–15), but differ by the ventral tibial apophysis extending diagonally upwards in retrolateral view (Figs 17, 22); embolus originating from the top of the bulb, with only the upper half filiform in prolateral view (Figs 15, 20); conductor digitiform, separated from embolus in ventral view (Figs 16, 21); atrium semicircular, slightly wider than long, with wide band-shaped anterior margin, (Figs 18, 23).

566 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. Description. Male (holotype): Total length 5.25; carapace 2.50 long, 1.90 wide; abdomen 2.75 long, 1.40 wide. Cephalothorax (Fig. 13). Carapace brownish yellow, chelicerae reddish brown, promargin with three teeth, the median largest, retromargin with two subequal teeth; endites and labium reddish brown; sternum brownish yellow, with dense hairs. Eyes. In dorsal view, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior eye row slightly procurved; AME dark, remaining eyes light, surrounded by black pigment; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.15, PLE 0.15, PME 0.13, AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.25, PME–PLE 0.15; MOQL 0.38, MOQA 0.35, MOQP 0.53. Legs yellow; tibiae I and II with two pairs of ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with one pair of ventral spines; leg measurements: I 5.95 (1.75, 2.0, 1.60, 0.60), II 6.95 (1.90, 2.85, 1.40, 0.80), III 5.85 (1.65, 2.35, 1.20, 0.65), IV 8.70 (2.40, 3.30, 2.0, 1.0); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 13). Dorsum light yellow, with two pairs of muscular depressions; venter and spinnerets light yellow. Palp (Figs 15–17, 20–22). Femur and patella unmodified, without apophyses; ventral tibial apophysis short and blunt, retrolateral tibial apophysis dark, sclerotized, with cuspidal apex; cymbium almost as long as bulb; bulb elongate-oval, strongly bulged, posterior margin extending over patella, sperm duct indistinct in ventral view; conductor digitiform, membranous; embolus long, with wide base, upper half part filiform, extending above the top of cymbium. Female (paratype): Total length 6.60; carapace 2.90 long, 2.0 wide; abdomen 3.70 long, 2.40 wide. Cephalothorax (Fig. 14). Chelicerae promargin with four teeth, the third largest, retromargin with two subequal teeth (Fig. 14). Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.18, PLE 0.15, PME 0.15, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.30, PME–PLE 0.23; MOQL 0.38, MOQA 0.43, MOQP 0.58. Leg measurements: I 5.75 (1.70, 2.30, 1.10, 0.65), II 6.60 (2.0, 2.60, 1.25, 0.75), III 5.70 (1.75, 1.90, 1.45, 0.60), IV 7.88 (2.25, 2.80, 2.13, 0.70); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Epigyne (Figs 18–19, 23–24). Atrium semicircular, located at anterior part of epigynal plate; two copulatory openings located posteriorly on atrium; copulatory ducts short, extending anteriorly; spermathecae tubular, long and sinuous; bursae ovoid, translucent. Distribution. Presently known only from Yunnan, China.

Clubiona falciforma new species Figs 25–36

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Shanqing (25°48'24"N, 98°31'45"E, 1880 m), Longjing Village, Xinhau Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, 27 May 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, S.X. He, Y.Y. Wang leg.. Paratypes: CHINA. Yunnan Province: 2 ♂, 5 ♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♀, Tengchong County, Mingguang Township, Zizhi Village (25°46'58"N, 98°36'59"E, 2200 m), 21 May 2006, M. Yang leg.; 2 ♂, Tengchong County, Xinhua Township, Longjing Village ( 25°48'20"N, 98°30'31"E, 1940 m), 5 June 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, M.W. Yang, S.X. He leg.; 3 ♂, 5 ♀, Tengchong County, Puchuan Township, Miguo Village (24°45'40"N, 98°32'14"E, 1920 m), 5 June 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, M.W. Yang, S.X. He leg.; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Shaba Village (25°23'33"N, 98°42'12"E, 1850 m), 25 May 2006, X.P. Wang, P. Hu leg.. Etymology. The specific name is the combination of the Latin “falx” (sickle) and “formis” (form), referring to the falcate conductor; adjective. Diagnosis. Males and females of Clubiona falciforma n. sp. resemble those of C. allotorta Dankitapexakul & Singtripop, 2008 described from northern Thailand (see Dankittipakul & Singtripop, 2008, figs 24–36), but differ by the digitiform ventral tibial apophysis (Figs 28, 33); embolus inverted L-shaped, with apex folding transversely in ventral view (Figs 28, 33); apex of conductor extending to the base of embolus in ventral view (Figs 28, 33); conductor widest at the middle, its base almost as wide as its apex in retrolateral view (Figs 29, 34); atrium elliptic, without hood, two times as wide as long (Figs 30, 35); copulatory ducts almost straight and bursae ovoid, longitudinal (Figs 31, 36). Description. Male (holotype): Total length undetermined; carapace 1.90 long, 1.40 wide; abdomen dried. Cephalothorax (Fig. 25). Carapace brownish yellow; chelicerae brownish yellow, promargin with six teeth, fifth largest, retromargin with five subequal teeth; endites and labium brownish yellow; sternum yellow. Eyes. In dorsal view, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior eye row almost straight; AME dark, other eyes light, surrounded by black pigment; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PLE 0.11, PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.08; MOQL 0.28, MOQA 0.20, MOQP 0.35. Legs yellow; tibiae I and II with three pairs of ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with one pair of ventral spines; leg measurements: I 4.33

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CLUBIONA FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 567 (1.25, 1.75, 0.85, 0.48), II 4.56 (1.40, 1.75, 0.93, 0.48), III 4.06 (1.25, 1.43, 1.0, 0.38), IV 5.85 (1.70, 2.0, 1.65, 0.50); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 25) brownish yellow. Palp (Figs 27–29, 32–34). Femur and patella unmodified, without apophyses; ventral tibial apophysis thumb-shaped, with blunt, membranous apex; retrolateral tibial apophysis flat, triangular, covered by a membranous tibial lamella; cymbium longer than bulb; bulb oval, sperm duct thin, inverted S-shaped in ventral view; conductor falcate; embolus short, wide, gradually tapering toward apex, inverted L-shaped in ventral view.

FIGURES 25–31. Clubiona falciforma n. sp.: male holotype (25, 27–29) and female paratype (26, 30–31). 25–26 habitus, dorsal view; 27 palp, prolateral view; 28 same, ventral view; 29 same, retrolateral view; 30 epigyne, ventral view; 31 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (25–26), 0.1 mm (27–31).

568 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. FIGURES 32–36. Clubiona falciforma n. sp.: male holotype (32–34) and female paratype (35–36). 32 palp, prolateral view; 33 same, ventral view; 34 same, retrolateral view; 35 epigyne, ventral view; 36 vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviatures: A, Atrium; B, bursa; C, conductor; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Female (paratype): Total length 3.76; carapace 1.76 long, 1.30 wide; abdomen 2.0 long, 1.25 wide. Cephalothorax lighter than that of male (Fig. 26). Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PLE 0.10, PME 0.10, AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0.13; MOQL 0.28, MOQA 0.21, MOQP 0.40. Leg measurements: I 3.35 (0.95, 1.30, 0.75, 0.35), II 3.40 (1.0, 1.50, 0.60, 0.30), III 3.0 (0.90, 1.20, 0.60, 0.30), IV 5.0 (1.45, 1.80, 1.30, 0.45); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 26). Dorsum light yellow, with one pair of muscular depressions; venter light yellow; spinnerets yellow. Epigyne (Figs 30–31, 35–36). Atrium elliptic, located at anterior portion of epigynal plate; two copulatory openings located at basolateral sides of atrial border; copulatory ducts short, extending posteriorly; spermathecae tubular, slender, transversally U-shaped; bursae ovoid, translucent.

Clubiona multidentata new species (Figs 37–50)

FIGURES 37–44. Clubiona multidentata n. sp.: male holotype (37, 39–42) and female paratype (38, 43–44). 37–38 habitus, dorsal view; 39 palp, prolateral view; 40 same, ventral view; 41 same, retrolateral view; 42 palpal femur and tibia, retro-dorsal view; 43 epigyne, ventral view; 44 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (37–38), 0.1 mm (39–44).

570 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. FIGURES 45–50. Clubiona multidentata n. sp.: male holotype (45–48) and female paratype (49–50). 45 palp, prolateral view; 46 same, ventral view; 47 same, retrolateral view; 48 palpal femur and tibia, retro-dorsal view; 49 epigyne, ventral view; 50 vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviatures: A, Atrium; B, bursa; C, conductor; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; PA, patellar apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Lijiazhai Group (25°22'18"N, 98°41'58"E, 1820 m), Zhongping Village, Jietou Township, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, 24 May 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, M.W. Yang leg.. Paratypes: CHINA. Yunnan Province: 3 ♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, Tengchong County, Qushi Township, Daba Village (25°17'14"N, 98°42'10"E, 2170 m), 14 May 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, M.W. Yang leg.; 1 ♀, Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Xinzhuang Village ( 25°26'50"N, 98°42'34"E, 1950 m), 23 May 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, M.W. Yang leg.; 1 ♂, Tengchong County, Xinhau Township, Longjing Village, Shanqing (25°48'24"N, 98°31'45"E, 1880 m), 27 May 2006, C.M. Yin, J.F. Hu, S.X. He, Y.Y. Wang leg. Etymology. The specific name is the combination of the prefix “multi-” (multiple) and the Latin “dentatus” (dentate), referring to the patella with a row of teeth in retrolateral view; adjective. Diagnosis. Males and females of Clubiona multidentata n. sp. resemble those of C. submoralis Wu, Zheng & Zhang, 2015 described from Yunan, China (see Wu et al., 2015, figs 1–12), but differ by the patella with a small conical apical retrolateral apophysis, and field of retrolateral teeth arranged longitudinally (Figs 41, 47);

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CLUBIONA FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 571 retrolateral tibial apophysis curved downwards in ventral view (Figs 40, 46); bulb almost spherical, embolus about two times as long as its widest part in ventral view (Figs 40, 46); anterior margin of epigyne with a shallow depression (Figs 43, 49); copulatory openings located at the sides of atrial anterior border (Figs 43, 49); copulatory ducts semicircular, much longer than spermathecae (Figs 44, 50); spermathecae less than a quarter of bursae size (Figs 44, 50). Description. Male (holotype): Total length 3.80; carapace 1.70 long, 1.30 wide; abdomen 2.10 long, 1.10 wide. Cephalothorax (Fig. 37). Carapace brownish yellow; chelicerae brown, promargin with three teeth, second largest, retromargin with two subequal teeth; endites and labium brown; sternum brownish yellow. Eyes. In dorsal view, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior eye row slightly procurved; AME dark, other eyes light, surrounded by black pigment; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PLE 0.11, PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.08; MOQL 0.28, MOQA 0.23, MOQP 0.40. Legs yellow; tibiae I and II with two pairs of ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with one pair of ventral spines; leg measurements: I 4.0 (1.15, 1.75, 0.75, 0.35), II 4.90 (1.50, 2.0, 0.90, 0.50), III 3.63 (1.05, 1.25, 1.0, 0.33), IV 4.93 (1.25, 1.75, 1.40, 0.53); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 37). Dorsum yellow, with two pairs of muscular depressions; venter light yellow; spinnerets light yellow. Palp (Figs 39–42, 45–48). Femur unmodified, without apophyses; patella swallen, bulbous, twice wider than tibia, with a small conical apical apophysis and nine retrolateral teeth; tibia short, ventral tibial apophysis absent, retrolateral apophysis curved, with blunt apex; conductor slender, membranous, longer than embolus; embolus triangular, gradually tapering toward apex. Female (paratype): Total length 4.0. Carapace 1.90 long, 1.30 wide. Abdomen 2.10 long, 1.0 wide (Fig. 38). Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.09, PLE 0.10, PME 0.08, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.08; MOQL 0.23, MOQA 0.23, MOQP 0.35. Leg measurements: 4.20 (1.20, 1.80, 0.70, 0.50); II 4.75 (1.40, 1.90, 0.90, 0.55); III 4.10 (1.30, 1.50, 0.90, 0.40); IV 5.70 (1.60, 2.10, 1.50, 0.50); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Epigyne (Figs 43–44, 49–50). Atrium V-shaped, located at anterior part of epigynal plate; two copulatory openings located at the sides of atrial anterior border; copulatory ducts long, semicircular, extending posteriorly; spermathecae with inversed pyriform heads and tubular bases; bursae nearly reniform, translucent. Distribution. Presently known only from Yunnan, China.

Clubiona tangi new species Figs 51–62

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from 51 km of the road Bawan to Tengchong (24°35'07"N, 98°26'16"E, 2018 m), Dahaoping Village, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, China, 17 October 2003, G. Tang leg.. Paratypes: CHINA. Yunnan Province: 1 ♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Shaba Village, Lijiazai Group (25°14'11"N, 98°25'16"E, 1819 m), 23 October 2003, G. Tang leg.; 1 ♀, Tengchong County, Dahaoping Village, 41–46 km of the road Bawan to Tengchong (24°33'22"N, 99°27'06"E, 2416 m), 18 October 2003, G. Tang leg.; 1 ♀, Tengchong County, Jietou Township, Shaba Village (25°23'33"N, 98°42'12"E, 1850 m), 25 May 2006, X.P. Wang, P. Hu leg.. Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of the collector of the holotype, Guo Tang (the College of Life Sciences, at the Hunan Normal University) who passed away in 2014; noun. Diagnosis. Males and females of Clubiona tangi n. sp. resemble those of C. biforamina n. sp., but differ by the triangular ventral tibial apophysis, extending transversely in ventral view (Figs 54, 59), with blunt apex in retrolateral view (Figs 55, 60); spermatic duct inverted S-shaped in ventral view (Figs 54, 59); conductor with folded apex, base about as wide as apex in ventral view (Figs 54, 59); atrium elliptic, enclosed, posterior border with a small helicoid median protuberance (Figs 56, 61); copulatory openings semicircular, located at lateral atrial borders (Figs 56, 61); copulatory duct clearly visible in dorsal view (Figs 57, 62); head of spermathecae almost longitudinal, about two times wider than spermathecae base (Figs 57, 62). Description. Male (holotype): Total length undetermined; carapace 1.60 long, 1.55 wide; abdomen dried. Cephalothorax (Fig. 51). Carapace brownish yellow; chelicerae brownish yellow, promargin with five teeth, fourth largest, retromargin with five subequal teeth; endites and labium brownish yellow, sternum yellow, with few hairs. Eyes. In dorsal view, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior eye row slightly procurved; all eyes dark, surrounded by black pigment; eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PLE 0.10, PME 0.13,

572 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. FIGURES 51–57. Clubiona tangi n. sp.: male holotype (51, 53–55) and female paratype (52, 56–57). 51–52 habitus, dorsal view; 53 palp, prolateral view; 54 same, ventral view; 55 same, retrolateral view; 56 epigyne, ventral view; 57 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0. 5mm (51–52), 0.1 mm (53–57).

FIVE NEW SPECIES OF CLUBIONA FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 573 FIGURES 58–62. Clubiona tangi n. sp.: male holotype (58–60) and female paratype (61–62). 58 palp, prolateral view; 59 same, ventral view; 60 same, retrolateral view; 61 epigyne, ventral view; 62 vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviatures: A, Atrium; B, bursa; C, conductor; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP, spermatheca; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.10; MOQL 0.28, MOQA 0.23, MOQP 0.35. Legs yellow; tibiae I and II with six ventral spines, metatarsi I and II with one pair of ventral spines; leg measurements: I 4.83 (1.35, 1.88, 1.0, 0.60), II 5.35 (1.50, 2.20, 1.20, 0.45), III 4.68 (1.25, 1.60, 1.20, 0.63), IV 6.08 (1.75, 2.05, 1.75, 0.53); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Abdomen (Fig. 51) greyish brown. Palp (Figs 53–55, 58– 60). Femur and patella unmodified, without apophyses; ventral tibial apophysis short, with blunt apex; retrolateral tibial apophysis flat, triangular, covered by a membranous tibial lamelae; cymbium longer than bulb; bulb almost rectangular, sperm duct inverted S-shaped in ventral view; conductor lamellar, with base as wide as apex; embolus slender, with cuspidal apex.

574 · Zootaxa 4184 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. Female (paratype): Total length undetermined; carapace 3.0 long, 2.05 wide; abdomen dried. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.15, PLE 0.13, PME 0.15, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.25, PME–PLE 0.15; MOQL 0.38, MOQA 0.35, MOQP 0.53. Leg measurements: I 5.75 (1.70, 2.30, 1.10, 0.65), II 6.60 (2.0, 2.60, 1.25, 0.75), III 5.70 (1.75, 1.90, 1.45, 0.60), IV 7.88 (2.25, 2.80, 2.13, 0.70); leg formula: IV, II, I, III. Epigyne (Figs 56–57, 61–62). Atrium elliptic, located at anterior portion of epigynal plate, posterior border with a small median helicoid protuberance; two copulatory openings located at lateral atrial borders; copulatory ducts thick, extending transversely outwards; spermathecae with ovoid heads and tubular bases; bursae ovoid and translucent. Distribution. Presently known only from Yunnan, China.

Acknowledgments

Appreciation should be given to Prof. Changmin Yin, Heng Li, Dr. Charles Griswold, Darrell Ubick, Chunlin Long and Zhiling Dao for providing support for the 1998–2006 Sino-American expedition to the Mt. Gaoligong. Thanks also should be given to Guo Tang, Mingwei Yang, Jiafang Hu, Peng Hu, Shaoxian He, Xinping Wang and Yuyan Wang for collecting the specimens. This research was sponsored by the California Academy of Sciences Center for Biodiversity Research and Information (No. CBRI−24). It was also partially sponsored by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC-30970327, 31272271, 31272272, 31301861), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11JJ1004/12JJ3028), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0717), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20100471221/201104506), the program of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plans (No. 2010RS4006), and by the Hunan Provincial Program for Development of Key Disciplines in Ecology.

References

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