Redalyc.Diversidad De Arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) Asociadas
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Untangling Taxonomy: a DNA Barcode Reference Library for Canadian Spiders
Molecular Ecology Resources (2016) 16, 325–341 doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12444 Untangling taxonomy: a DNA barcode reference library for Canadian spiders GERGIN A. BLAGOEV, JEREMY R. DEWAARD, SUJEEVAN RATNASINGHAM, STEPHANIE L. DEWAARD, LIUQIONG LU, JAMES ROBERTSON, ANGELA C. TELFER and PAUL D. N. HEBERT Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada Abstract Approximately 1460 species of spiders have been reported from Canada, 3% of the global fauna. This study provides a DNA barcode reference library for 1018 of these species based upon the analysis of more than 30 000 specimens. The sequence results show a clear barcode gap in most cases with a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.78% vs. a min- imum nearest-neighbour (NN) distance averaging 7.85%. The sequences were assigned to 1359 Barcode index num- bers (BINs) with 1344 of these BINs composed of specimens belonging to a single currently recognized species. There was a perfect correspondence between BIN membership and a known species in 795 cases, while another 197 species were assigned to two or more BINs (556 in total). A few other species (26) were involved in BIN merges or in a combination of merges and splits. There was only a weak relationship between the number of specimens analysed for a species and its BIN count. However, three species were clear outliers with their specimens being placed in 11– 22 BINs. Although all BIN splits need further study to clarify the taxonomic status of the entities involved, DNA bar- codes discriminated 98% of the 1018 species. The present survey conservatively revealed 16 species new to science, 52 species new to Canada and major range extensions for 426 species. -
The Pholcid Spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae) Joseph A
Butler University Digital Commons @ Butler University Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS College of Liberal Arts & Sciences 2008 The pholcid spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae) Joseph A. Beatty James W. Berry Butler University, [email protected] Bernhard A. Huber Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/facsch_papers Part of the Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Beatty, Joseph A.; Berry, James W.; and Huber, Bernhard A., "The hop lcid spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae)" Journal of Arachnology / (2008): 1-25. Available at http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/facsch_papers/782 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences at Digital Commons @ Butler University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Butler University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The pholcid spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae) Author(s): Joseph A. Beatty, James W. Berry, Bernhard A. Huber Source: Journal of Arachnology, 36(1):1-25. Published By: American Arachnological Society DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/H05-66.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1636/H05-66.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. -
A Preliminary Checklist of Spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India
Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 April 2016 | 8(4): 8703–8713 A preliminary checklist of spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India 1 2 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) C.K. Adarsh & P.O. Nameer Communication Short ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 1,2 Centre for Wildlife Sciences, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala 680656, India 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) OPEN ACCESS Abstract: A preliminary study was conducted to document spider the spiders are regarded as poisonous creatures, and the diversity in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Idukki District, Kerala State in general perception about them among the people are southern India. The study was conducted from October to November 2012. A total of 101 species of spiders belonging to 65 genera from negative. But the fact is that very few spiders are actually 29 families were identified from the sanctuary. This accounted for poisonous and harmful to human beings (Mathew et 6.98% of Indian spider species, 17.81% of Indian spider genera and 48.33% of the spider families of India. The dominant families were al. 2009). However, the services these creature do to Lycosidae (11 species) and Araneidae (10). Two endemic genera of mankind by way of controlling pest species have been Indian spiders such as Annandaliella and Neoheterophrictus were well documented (Riechert & Lockley 1984; Tanaka found at Chinnar, each representing one species each, and belonging to the family Theraphosidae. A guild structure analysis of the spiders 1989; Bishop & Riechert 1990). Being a less charismatic revealed seven feeding guilds such as orb weavers, stalkers, ground species and the scarcity of biologists studying spiders, runners, foliage runners, sheet web builders, space web builders and studies on the spiders of India in general and Western ambushers. -
Abundance and Community Composition of Arboreal Spiders: the Relative Importance of Habitat Structure
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Juraj Halaj for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology presented on May 6, 1996. Title: Abundance and Community Composition of Arboreal Spiders: The Relative Importance of Habitat Structure. Prey Availability and Competition. Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy _ John D. Lattin, Darrell W. Ross This work examined the importance of structural complexity of habitat, availability of prey, and competition with ants as factors influencing the abundance and community composition of arboreal spiders in western Oregon. In 1993, I compared the spider communities of several host-tree species which have different branch structure. I also assessed the importance of several habitat variables as predictors of spider abundance and diversity on and among individual tree species. The greatest abundance and species richness of spiders per 1-m-long branch tips were found on structurally more complex tree species, including Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco and noble fir, Abies procera Rehder. Spider densities, species richness and diversity positively correlated with the amount of foliage, branch twigs and prey densities on individual tree species. The amount of branch twigs alone explained almost 70% of the variation in the total spider abundance across five tree species. In 1994, I experimentally tested the importance of needle density and branching complexity of Douglas-fir branches on the abundance and community structure of spiders and their potential prey organisms. This was accomplished by either removing needles, by thinning branches or by tying branches. Tying branches resulted in a significant increase in the abundance of spiders and their prey. Densities of spiders and their prey were reduced by removal of needles and thinning. -
Gelenopsis Naevia Walckenaer, 1842 (Grass Spider)Venom
STUDIES ON ANTIMICROBIAL AND HAEMOLYTIC ACTIVITIES, PROTEIN PROFILE AND TRANSCRIPTOMES OF AGELENOPSIS NAEVIA WALCKENAER, 1842 (GRASS SPIDER)VENOM BY JAMILA AHMED DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA AUGUST, 2016 i STUDIES ON ANTIMICROBIAL AND HAEMOLYTIC ACTIVITIES, PROTEIN PROFILE AND TRANSCRIPTOMES OF AGELENOPSIS NAEVIA WALCKENAER, 1842 (GRASS SPIDER)VENOM BY JamilaAHMED M. Sc/Sci/32878/2012-2013 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA. IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER DEGREE IN BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA AUGUST, 2016 ii DECLARATION I declare that the work in this dissertation, entitled, ―Studies on antimicrobial and haemolytic activities, protein profile and transcriptomes of Agelenopsis naevia Walckenaer, 1842 (grass spider) venom” was carried out by me in the Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria under the supervision of Prof. I. S. Ndams and Dr. D. M. Shehu. All information derived from the literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of references provided. No part of this dissertation was previously presented for another degree or diploma at any university. Jamila Ahmed ----------------------------------- -------------------------------- Signature Date iii CERTIFICATION This dissertation, entitled STUDIES ON ANTIMICROBIAL AND HAEMOLYTIC ACTIVITIES, PROTEIN PROFILE AND TRANSCRIPTOMES OF AGELENOPSIS NAEVIA WALCKENAER, 1842 (GRASS SPIDER) VENOMby Jamila Ahmed meets the regulation governing the award of Master of Science in Biology of the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. Prof. I. S. Ndams------------------------- -------------------------- Chairman Supervisory CommitteeSignature Date Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Dr. -
Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof. -
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 a Revised Checklist of the Spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection Criteria and Lists
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection criteria and lists Alastair Lavery The checklist has two main sections; List A contains all Burach, Carnbo, species proved or suspected to be established and List B Kinross, KY13 0NX species recorded only in specific circumstances. email: [email protected] The criterion for inclusion in list A is evidence that self- sustaining populations of the species are established within Great Britain and Ireland. This is taken to include records Abstract from the same site over a number of years or from a number A revised checklist of spider species found in Great Britain and of sites. Species not recorded after 1919, one hundred years Ireland is presented together with their national distributions, before the publication of this list, are not included, though national and international conservation statuses and syn- this has not been applied strictly for Irish species because of onymies. The list allows users to access the sources most often substantially lower recording levels. used in studying spiders on the archipelago. The list does not differentiate between species naturally Keywords: Araneae • Europe occurring and those that have established with human assis- tance; in practice this can be very difficult to determine. Introduction List A: species established in natural or semi-natural A checklist can have multiple purposes. Its primary pur- habitats pose is to provide an up-to-date list of the species found in the geographical area and, as in this case, to major divisions The main species list, List A1, includes all species found within that area. -
World Spider Catalog (Accessed 4 January 2020) Family: Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833
World Spider Catalog (accessed 4 January 2020) Family: Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833 Gen. Bassaniana Strand, 1928 Bassaniana floridana (Banks, 1896) AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MD, MS, NJ, OH, SC, TX, VA Bassaniana utahensis (Gertsch, 1932) AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS, NT, NU, ON, PQ, SK; AK, AZ, CA, CO, FL, ID, IL, MA, ME, MI, MN, MS, MT, ND, NH, NM, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, SD, TX, UT, VT, WA, WI Bassaniana versicolor (Keyserling, 1880) ON; AL, AR, AZ, CT, FL, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, MS, NC, NE, NM, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV Gen. Bucranium O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 Bucranium sp. undescribed TX Gen. Coriarachne Thorell, 1870 Coriarachne brunneipes Banks, 1893 AB, BC, MB, NT, ON, PQ, SK; AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, NV, OR, WA, WY Gen. Diaea Thorell, 1869 Diaea livens Simon, 1876 CA Diaea seminola Gertsch, 1939 FL Gen. Mecaphesa Simon, 1900 Mecaphesa aikoae (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa asperata (Hentz, 1847) AB, BC, MB, ON, PQ, SK; AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, DC, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, TN, TX, UT, VA, WI Mecaphesa californica (Banks, 1896) CA, CO, TX, UT Mecaphesa carletonica (Dondale & Redner, 1976) ON, PC; IN, TX Mecaphesa celer (Hentz, 1847) AB, BC, SK; AL, AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, KS, LA, MA, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, TX, UT, VA, WA, WY Mecaphesa coloradensis (Gertsch, 1933) AZ, CO, TX, UT Mecaphesa deserti (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa devia (Gertsch, 1939) CA Mecaphesa dubia (Keyserling, 1880) AZ, CA, FL, KS, LA, MS, OK, TX Mecaphesa gabrielensis (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa importuna (Keyserling, 1881) CA Mecaphesa importuna belkini (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa lepida (Thorell, 1877) CA, UT Mecaphesa lowriei (Schick, 1970) CA Mecaphesa quercina (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa rothi (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa schlingeri (Schick, 1965) CA Mecaphesa sierrensis (Schick, 1965) BC Mecaphesa verityi (Schick, 1965) CA Gen. -
Common Kansas Spiders
A Pocket Guide to Common Kansas Spiders By Hank Guarisco Photos by Hank Guarisco Funded by Westar Energy Green Team, American Arachnological Society and the Chickadee Checkoff Published by the Friends of the Great Plains Nature Center i Table of Contents Introduction • 2 Arachnophobia • 3 Spider Anatomy • 4 House Spiders • 5 Hunting Spiders • 5 Venomous Spiders • 6-7 Spider Webs • 8-9 Other Arachnids • 9-12 Species accounts • 13 Texas Brown Tarantula • 14 Brown Recluse • 15 Northern Black Widow • 16 Southern & Western Black Widows • 17-18 Woodlouse Spider • 19 Truncated Cellar Spider • 20 Elongated Cellar Spider • 21 Common Cellar Spider • 22 Checkered Cobweb Weaver • 23 Quasi-social Cobweb Spider • 24 Carolina Wolf Spider • 25 Striped Wolf Spider • 26 Dotted Wolf Spider • 27 Western Lance Spider • 28 Common Nurseryweb Spider • 29 Tufted Nurseryweb Spider • 30 Giant Fishing Spider • 31 Six-spotted Fishing Spider • 32 Garden Ghost Spider Cover Photo: Cherokee Star-bellied Orbweaver ii Eastern Funnelweb Spider • 33 Eastern and Western Parson Spiders • 34 Garden Ghost Spider • 35 Bark Crab Spider • 36 Prairie Crab Spider • 37 Texas Crab Spider • 38 Black-banded Crab Spider • 39 Ridge-faced Flower Spider • 40 Striped Lynx Spider • 41 Black-banded Common and Convict Zebra Spiders • 42 Crab Spider Dimorphic Jumping Spider • 43 Bold Jumping Spider • 44 Apache Jumping Spider • 45 Prairie Jumping Spider • 46 Emerald Jumping Spider • 47 Bark Jumping Spider • 48 Puritan Pirate Spider • 49 Eastern and Four-lined Pirate Spiders • 50 Orchard Spider • 51 Castleback Orbweaver • 52 Triangulate Orbweaver • 53 Common & Cherokee Star-bellied Orbweavers • 54 Black & Yellow Garden Spider • 55 Banded Garden Spider • 56 Marbled Orbweaver • 57 Eastern Arboreal Orbweaver • 58 Western Arboreal Orbweaver • 59 Furrow Orbweaver • 60 Eastern Labyrinth Orbweaver • 61 Giant Long-jawed Orbweaver • 62 Silver Long-jawed Orbweaver • 63 Bowl and Doily Spider • 64 Filmy Dome Spider • 66 References • 67 Pocket Guides • 68-69 1 Introduction This is a guide to the most common spiders found in Kansas. -
Biodiversity and Conservation of Iberian Spiders: Past, Present and Future
Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, n1 42 (2008) : 487–492. Jornadas sobre Biodiversidad valenciana y Arácnidos. VIII Jorndas G.I.A. 25-28 octubre 2007. Valencia. Biodiversity and conservation of Iberian spiders: past, present and future Pedro Cardoso Azorean Biodiversity Group – CITA-A, Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal. Correspondence: Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Terra-Chã, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal. – [email protected] Abstract: The knowledge of Iberian spider species and their distributions has undergone several development stages. The ac- cumulation of knowledge, reinforced by the emergence on the last years of several associations devoted to the study of arach- nids, allowed us to currently register more than 1300 species in the Iberian Peninsula. In a project started by Eduardo Morano and now with my cooperation, the new Iberian spider catalogue is being developed and is partly available online. However, even if all existing data are compiled, they still present two main problems. Firstly, they are incomplete for the vast majority of the species. Secondly, the heterogeneity of the studies that recorded the data does not allow direct or reliable comparisons between areas. Both the reasonable completeness of the data and its comparability are essential for, among oth- ers, biogeography and conservation studies. These two targets can only be guaranteed by the use of optimized and standar- dized sampling protocols. Based on intensive fieldwork made in different areas and habitats in Portugal, a flexible sampling pro- tocol has been developed which, will allow different teams with multiple objectives to compare results among each other, a pro- cedure not possible until the present. -
Assessing Spider Species Richness and Composition in Mediterranean Cork Oak Forests
acta oecologica 33 (2008) 114–127 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actoec Original article Assessing spider species richness and composition in Mediterranean cork oak forests Pedro Cardosoa,b,c,*, Clara Gasparc,d, Luis C. Pereirae, Israel Silvab, Se´rgio S. Henriquese, Ricardo R. da Silvae, Pedro Sousaf aNatural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum and Centre for Macroecology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark bCentre of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Rua Ernesto de Vasconcelos Ed. C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal cAgricultural Sciences Department – CITA-A, University of Azores, Terra-Cha˜, 9701-851 Angra do Heroı´smo, Portugal dBiodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK eDepartment of Biology, University of E´vora, Nu´cleo da Mitra, 7002-554 E´vora, Portugal fCIBIO, Research Centre on Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Oporto, Campus Agra´rio de Vaira˜o, 4485-661 Vaira˜o, Portugal article info abstract Article history: Semi-quantitative sampling protocols have been proposed as the most cost-effective and Received 8 January 2007 comprehensive way of sampling spiders in many regions of the world. In the present study, Accepted 3 October 2007 a balanced sampling design with the same number of samples per day, time of day, collec- Published online 19 November 2007 tor and method, was used to assess the species richness and composition of a Quercus suber woodland in Central Portugal. A total of 475 samples, each corresponding to one hour of Keywords: effective fieldwork, were taken. -
Synanthropic Spiders, Including the Global Invasive Noble False Widow
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Synanthropic spiders, including the global invasive noble false widow Steatoda nobilis, are reservoirs for medically important and antibiotic resistant bacteria John P. Dunbar1,5*, Neyaz A. Khan2,5, Cathy L. Abberton3, Pearce Brosnan3, Jennifer Murphy3, Sam Afoullouss4, Vincent O’Flaherty2,3, Michel M. Dugon1 & Aoife Boyd2 The false widow spider Steatoda nobilis is associated with bites which develop bacterial infections that are sometimes unresponsive to antibiotics. These could be secondary infections derived from opportunistic bacteria on the skin or infections directly vectored by the spider. In this study, we investigated whether it is plausible for S. nobilis and other synanthropic European spiders to vector bacteria during a bite, by seeking to identify bacteria with pathogenic potential on the spiders. 11 genera of bacteria were identifed through 16S rRNA sequencing from the body surfaces and chelicerae of S. nobilis, and two native spiders: Amaurobius similis and Eratigena atrica. Out of 22 bacterial species isolated from S. nobilis, 12 were related to human pathogenicity among which Staphylococcus epidermidis, Kluyvera intermedia, Rothia mucilaginosa and Pseudomonas putida are recognized as class 2 pathogens. The isolates varied in their antibiotic susceptibility: Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus capitis and Staphylococcus edaphicus showed the highest extent of resistance, to three antibiotics in total. On the other hand, all bacteria recovered from S. nobilis were susceptible to ciprofoxacin. Our study demonstrates that S. nobilis does carry opportunistic pathogenic bacteria on its body surfaces and chelicerae. Therefore, some post-bite infections could be the result of vector- borne bacterial zoonoses that may be antibiotic resistant. Bacterial infections represent a major threat to human health.