L65CO Go to Ear Training B and Listen to Exercises 6-8

99 H Theory Notes: Steps and Skips w w When looking at notes on the staff, the lower a note is on the staff, the ?Music is created by moving from one note to the next with steps andw skipsw . Somew notesw are repeated lower it sounds. The higher a note is on the staff, the higher it sounds. over and over, too. It is the combination of steps,w skips,w and wrepeated notes, along with different note values, that create a melody. w w w w w w ? w w w w w w w w w Step = the interval or distancew fromw letter wname to the next letter in the alphabet. For example,w thew distancew from A to B is a step. w w w w w w w w 1. Write the letter names under the notes. Draw a square around the lowest sounding E. Draw a ? w w w w circle around the highest sounding A. w w w w w w w w w w w ? w w w w w w w w w w w w Skipw = the interval or distance from one note to the next that is greater than a step. ? For example, thew distance from one open string to the next open string is a skip. w w w w w w Open Stringsw w Some skipsw are small and some ware quite wide. w 2. Draw a whole note on the staff that is named by each letter. Draw a square around each open string note. ? w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w ? w w w w w w w w w w w ? w w w w w w w Practice!w w w w w 3. Draw a quarter note for each note on the 4. Draw a half note for each note on the 1. Namew the notes on the lines below the staff.w Then, circle eachw pairw of notes that representsw a step. G string, including the open string note. C string, including the open string note. ? w w or w w ? or ? or ? w w or w w w w w w w w ? w w or w w ? or ? w w or ? w w or w w w w w w w w ______w w ______? w w or w w ? or ? or ? w w or w w w w w w w w 5. What does each pair of notes have in common? 2. In each measure, add 3 more half notes that go up step by step. Writew the letter name under each note. or w or w or or ?Draww w a squarew around each ?open string note. ? ? w w w ˙ w w w w w˙w w ˙ w w ? ˙ ˙ ˙ SAMPLE˙ ? 3. In each˙ measure, add 3 more quarter notes that go down by skips. Write ˙the letter name under each note. ______˙ œ ? œ˙ œ ˙ ˙ œ ? œ œ œ Ear Training C œ ? œ œ L65CO Go to Ear Training B and listen to exercises 6-8. In each, you will hear two notes. Is the 2nd st note lower or higher than the 1 note? Circle the response that matches what you hear. œ L65CO Go? toœ Ear Training C and listen to exercisesœ 9-11. In each, you will hear two notes. Is the 2nd note a step or a skip from the 1st note? Circle the word that matches what you hear. 6. Lower Higher 7. Lower Higher 8. Lower Higher L65CO 9. Step Skip 10. Step Skip 11. Step Skip

L65CO 34 Franz Joseph Haydn Composition Theme and Variations Born: 1732 in Rohrau, Lower Austria Died: 1809 in Vienna Austria The 2nd movement of Symphony No. 94 by Haydn is written in the form of theme and variations. Theme = a main melody of a piece. Occupations: Violinist, keyboardist, composer, teacher, Variation music director = a different version of the theme often created by small changes to the rhythm or melody. Fast Fact: He was known as a jokester and had a wonderful Example of theme and variations with shapes and colors: sense of humor. Theme Variation 1 Variation 2

The year is 1792 and Franz Joseph Haydn is care of the instruments and music library. In 1779, a visiting London. He has composed six new new contract agreement allowed him to sell his symphonies on this trip, and both Haydn and his music to publishers. As a result, Haydn became a music are popular with audiences. Symphony No. leading European composer. 94, the “Surprise” Symphony, is one of their favorites. Being able to travel for an extended Music of the Esterházy court was well known to period of time, and going all the way to London, has visitors. Haydn and the other musicians performed Create your own variations on Haydn’s theme. Your goal is to make small, interesting changes, yet be sure been a new experience for Haydn. When Prince daily chamber recitals and several formal concerts the theme is still familiar. After you have ﬁnished each variation, play it on your instrument and change any Esterházy died, his son inherited power and decided each week in the beautifully ornate halls. The palace notes you do not like. Also share your work with a partner for more feedback. Your teacher may be to disband the orchestra. Haydn, who had been was extraordinary! There was an opera house, a looking for exemplary variations to share and explore in class. employed in the Esterházy court for almost 30 theatre, and two concert halls with seating for years, no longer had a job. hundreds of people. Imagine what it was like to sit Theme: on the Esterházy stage and look out into the As music director at Esterházy from 1761 to 1791, audience during a performance! Haydn had many responsibilities. He was very conscientious in carrying them out. He composed all Haydn was a talented musician, yet he was hired as of the music requested by Prince Nikolaus, led the a servant. He lived and dined in servants quarters. orchestra, and coached the singers. Haydn also took He stood before the Prince twice daily to receive his orders. Haydn was expected to dress in formal attire, complete with powdered wig. Even with Variation 1: Copy the Theme (shown above), and in each measure replace one q with a rest. (The last heavy responsibilities and a servant’s lifestyle, measure will not change.) Decide if you want this variation to be piano (p) or forte (f), and write the p or f Haydn enjoyed two advantages to having a wealthy below the ﬁrst note. Add a repeat sign if you wish. patron. He received a steady income and his music H History: Classical Period was performed.

, SAMPLEEsterhazy Palace: exterior courtyard Variation 2: Copy the Theme again, and in each measure replace one or two q with eighth notes. (The last measure will not change). Decide if you want this variation to be piano (p) or forte (f), and write the p or f 1. Copy one sentence from the reading that seems important and be ready to explain why. below the ﬁrst note. ______Listen to an excerpt of the 2nd movement (Andante) from Symphony No. 94, “Surprise Symphony” (composed in 1791). The form is theme and variations. The ﬁrst time you listen, raise your hand at the start of each variation. 2. The beginning notes are marked with a dot called staccato ( ). What does staccato mean? ______Variation 3: Copy the Theme again and in each measure move the on beat 2 (or 4) up or down a step. 3. At the beginning, the dynamic is marked as piano. What doesq piano mean? ______q k (The last measure will not change.) Add dynamic markings. 4. The musical “surprise” has the dynamic marking of fortissimo (ff). What does ff mean? ______5. Does the mood stay the same throughout the example you are hearing? Explain your answer. ______

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