An Evaluation of the Emerging Schools and College Film Festival on The

AN EVALUATION OF THE EMERGING SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES FILM FESTIVAL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL CONTENT FOR TELEVISION NZOMO, MARK KALOKI K50/75278/2014 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER OF ARTS DEGREE IN COMMUNICATION STUDIES AT THE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI NOVEMBER 2016 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this is my original work and has not been presented for any examination purposes or otherwise in any institution. All citations have been properly acknowledged and credited in observance of APA rules of formatting. Signed…………………………… Date……………………………… MARK KALOKI NZOMO K50/75278/2014 This project has been submitted for examination with my approval as the university supervisor on behalf of the School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Nairobi. SUPERVISOR Signed…………………………… Date…………………………. DR. EDWIN NYUTHO SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI ii DEDICATION This research is dedicated to film producers who continue to fight for a professional and productive film industry in Kenya. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am grateful to God for His grace and favor that has enabled me to come this far. I would like to thank and acknowledge my supervisor Dr. Edwin Nyutho for his tireless effort, dedication and attention to detail the reason this work was possible. I am humbled by the support and encouragement of my wife and family and for helping me pull through the difficult times. I also thank all schools and college administrations and my respondents who were ever so gracious and patient and helped me compile this research. May God eternally remember your effort and contribution in my life. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ...............................................................................................................................................ii DEDICATION.................................................................................................................................................iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................................................iv TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................................................. x LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................................................xi LIST OF ACRONYMS.....................................................................................................................................xii ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................xiii CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY.................................................................................... 1 1.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Problem Statement.............................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Main Objective.................................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Specific Objectives ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Research Questions............................................................................................................................. 4 1.7 Scope and Limitation of the Study......................................................................................................5 1.8 Justification......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.9 Definition of Terms............................................................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER TWO .............................................................................................................................................. 9 LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Historical Background of the Schools and Colleges Film Festival..................................................... 9 2.3 Local Content Regulation by the Communications Authority..........................................................11 2.4 The Industry Standard of Quality Films ........................................................................................... 12 2.5 Advancements in Filming Technology............................................................................................. 13 2.6 The Film Making Process ................................................................................................................. 13 v 2.7 The Film Production Challenges in Kenya ....................................................................................... 15 2.7.1 Underdeveloped Scripts and Weak Characterization................................................... 15 2.7.2 Weak Rebate System for Foreign Collaboration.......................................................... 16 2.7.3 How are Local Television Stations Implicated in Funding Local Productions............ 19 2.7.4 Program Commissioning Process for Broadcast .......................................................... 20 2.8 The Film Genres Explored in Kenya ................................................................................................ 22 2.9 Film Institutions and Festivals in Kenya Supporting the Film Industry ...........................................24 2.10 Policy Implications for Schools and Colleges Film Festival ..........................................................25 2.11 Theoretical Framework................................................................................................................... 27 2.11.1 Formalist Film Theory................................................................................................ 28 2.11.2 Diffusion of Innovation Theory ................................................................................. 29 CHAPTER THREE.......................................................................................................................................... 31 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 31 3.1 Overview........................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2 Research Design................................................................................................................................ 31 3.3 Research Approach ........................................................................................................................... 31 3.4 Sample Design .................................................................................................................................. 33 3.5 Target Population.............................................................................................................................. 34 3.6 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure .............................................................................................. 35 3.6.1 Sample Size .................................................................................................................. 35 3.6.2 Sampling Procedure ..................................................................................................... 36 3.7 Data Collection Methods and Instruments........................................................................................ 37 3.8 Data Processing and Analysis Techniques........................................................................................ 38 3.9 Ethical Issues .................................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................................................... 40 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION...........................................................................40 vi 4.1 Overview........................................................................................................................................... 40 4.2 Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 40 4.3 Findings............................................................................................................................................

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