BIBLIOGRAPHY

I. Primary Sources

I. 1. Pāli and Sanśkrit Texts

Aṅguttara Nikāya, Ed. R. Morris & E. Hardy, 5 vols., London: PTS, 1885- 1900. Tr. F. L. Woodward, vols. I, II & V; E. M. Hare, vols. III & IV. The Book of the Gradual Sayings, London: PTS, 1955 – 1970. Avataṃsaka Sūtra, Tr. Thomas Cleary, the Flower Ornament Scripture, Shambhala – Boston & London, 1985. Bodhicaryāvatāra of Śāntideva, Commentary by Shri Prajñkaramati, Varanasi, India, Bauddha Bharati: 1988. Bodhicaryāvatāra of Śāntideva, Tr. Stephen Batchlor, A Guide to the ‘s Way of Life, New Delhi: 1998. Bodhicaryāvatāra of Śāntideva, Tr. The Padmakara Translation Group, The Way of The Bodhisattva, Boston: Shambhala, 1997. Bodhisattvabhūmi, Ed. N. Dutt, Vol. II, K. P. Jayaswal Research Institute, Patna: 1978. The Bodhisattvapiṭaka (Its Doctrines, Practices and their Position in Mahāyāna Literature), Ulrich Pagel, the Institute of , Tring, U. K.: 1995. Daśabhūmika Sūtra, Ed. Dr. P. L. Vaidya. Buddhist Sankrit Texts, No.7. Darbhanga, India: Mithila Sanśkrit Institute, 1976.

229 Dharmapada (Pāli Text and Translation), Tr. Ven. Nārada Maha Thera, Maha Bodhi Information and Publication Division, Maha Bodhi Society in India, Isipatana Deer Park, Sanarth Centre: 2000. The , Ed. K. Sri Dhammananda, Sasana Abhiwurdhi Society, Buddhist Vihara, Kuala Lumpur: 1992. Dīgha Nikāya, Ed. T. W. Rhys Davids & J.E. Carpenter, 3 vols., London: PTS, 1890-1911. Tr. T. W. & C.A.F. Rhys Davids; Dialogues of the Buddha, 3 vols., London: PTS, 1899, 1910 & 1957 respectively (reprints). Dipavamsa, Ed. Herman Oldenbery, New Delhi: 1982. Gandhavyūha Sūtra, Ed. Dr. P. L. Vaidya, Buddhist Sanśkrit Texts, No. 5. Darbhanga, Mithila Institute, India. The Jākata, Ed. V. Fausboll, London: PTS, 1962, Ed. E. B. Cowell, Tr. By Robert Chalmers, Stories of the Buddha’s Former Births, 6 Vol., Low Price Publication, Delhi: 1993 Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra, Ed. B. Nanjio, Kyoto: Otani University Press, 1956. Tr. D. T. Suzuki, The Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966. Mādhyamika Kārikās of Nāgārjuna, Ed. L. de la V. Poussin, (Bib. Budd. IV). Mahāprajñā-Pāramitā Sūtra, Ed. & Tr. by Edward Conze, the Large Sūtra on Perfect Wisdom, Motilal Banarsidass Pulications, Delhi: 1990. Majjhima Nikāya, Ed. V. Trenckner & R. Chalmers, 3 vols., London: PTS, 1988-1986. Tr. I. B. Horner. The Collection of the Middle Length Sayings, 3 vols., London: PTS, 1954-1959. Milidapañha, Ed. V. Trencner, London: 1962.

230 Mūlamādhyamakakārikā of Nāgārjuna, Ed. David J. Kalupahana. Albany: State University of New York Press: 1986. The Maha-prajñā-pāramitā-śāstra of Nāgārjuna (Tr. Kumārajīva), T. 1509, Vol. 25. The Prajñāpāramitā Literature, Ed. Edward Conze, Tokyo: 1978. Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sūtra, Tr. Burton Watson, the Lotus Sūtra, Columbia University Press, New York, 1993. Saṃyutta Nikāya, Ed. M.L. Feer, 6 vols., London: PTS, 1884-1904. Tr. C.A.F. Rhys Davids & S.S. Thera, Vol. I, C.A.F. Rhys Davids & Fit Woodward Vol. II; F.L. Woodward Vol. III-V: The Book of the Kindred Sayings. London: PTS, 1950 – 1956. Śikṣāsasamuccaya of Śāntīdeva, Ed. Dr. P. L. Vaidya. Buddhist Sanskrit Texts, No. 11, Mithila Sanskrit Institute, Darbhanga, India: 1961. Sūtra of the Past Vows of Earth Bodhisattva, the Collected Lectures of Tripitaka Master , Tr. Bhilsu Heng Ching, Buddhist Text Translation Society, the Institute for Advanced Studies of World Religious, New York: 1974. Sutta-nipāta, Ed. P. V. Bapat. Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica, No. 75, Sri Satgura Publication, Delhi: 1924. Thera-gātha, Ed. H. Bendall, Journal of Royal Asiatic Society: 1883. Theri-gātha, Ed. R. Pischel, London: PTS, 1883. Vajracchedika Prajñāpāramitā, Edited and translated by Edward Conze, with introduction and glossary, Rome, 1977. Vigrahavyāvartanī of Nāgārjuna, Ed. & Tr. Kamaleswar Bhattacharya et al., the Dialectical method of Nāgārjuna, Delhi: 1990. Texts, Vol. 13, Part I, Mahāvagga, Sacred Books of the East, Ed. F. Max. Muller, Delhi 1982.

231 Visuddhimagga, Ed. H. C. Warren, revised D. Kosambi. Harvard: 1950.

I. 2. Chinese Texts

Taishō shinshū daizōkyo (Name of Tripitaka in Chinese), Takakusu, J.

and Watanabe, K., Tokyo, 1924-1925.

大 正 新 修 大 藏 經 (Taishō shinshū daizōkyo), Ed. And comp. by Takakusu Junjirō, Watanabe Kaigyoku, et al., Taishō Issaikyō Kankō Kai, Tokyo: 1924-1934. 大 方 廣 佛 華 嚴 經, Taishō Tripitaka, CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka, Normalized version, CBETA T09,“大 方 廣 佛 華 嚴 經” 卷 42, 大 正 新 修 大 藏 經. T09n 0278. 八 若 波 羅 密 多 經, 佛 學 業 書, 台 鸞, 一 九 九 八, Tr. into Chinese from Sanśkrit by Hsuan Tsang, Tr. Into English by Upasaka Lu Kuan-yu, The Heart Sūtra (the Prajñā-pāramitā Hṛdya Sūtra), Buddhist Culture Service, Taiwan: 1994. 菩 薩 瓔 珞 本 業 經, or the Sūtra on the Original Action of the Garland of the Bodhisattva, Tr. Buddhasmṛti (Chu-fo-nien) in 376-378. 妙 法 蓮 花 經, 佛 教 經 典 會, 佛 教 慈 慧 報 務 中 心, 一 九 九 四, Tr. Burton Watson, the Lotus Sūtra, Colombia University Press, New York: 1993. 今 剛 般 若 波 羅 密 多 經, 佛 學 業 書, 台 鸞, 一 九 九 八, Tr. into Chinese from Sanśkrit by Kumārajīva, Tr. Into English Upasaka LuKuan-yu, the Diamond Sūtra (the Vajracchedika Prajñā- pāramitā Sūtra), Buddhist Culture Service, Taiwan: 1994.

232 大 智 度 論, Tr. Kumārajīva from the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa- śāstra, ascribed to Nāgārjuna, Taishō, 25, (No.1509). The treatise was Nāgārjuna’s commentary on the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā- Prajñā-pāramitā Sūtra (the 2,000 Śloka Text), Kumārajīva produced both the text and this treatise in 409. 勸 發 菩 提 心 文 of Shih-Hsien (釋 實 賢), Tr. Into English by master Lok To, A Composition Urging the Generation of the Bodhi Mind, Sūtra Translation Committee of the United Stated and Canada: 2003. 菩 薩 持 地 經 (Pu-sa Ti-ch’ih Ching), by Bodhisattvabhūmisūtra, Tr. Dharmakṣna, T.30, No. 1581, 888-959. 佛 說 普 賢 菩 薩 行 法 經 (Pu-hsien-kuan-ching), Tr. Dharmamitra, T.9, No.227, 389-394. 維 摩 詰 所 說 經 (Wei-mo-chieh Suo-shuo Ching), Tr. Kumārajīva, T.39, No. 1777, 591-561. 大 般 涅 槃 經 集 解 (Ta-pan Niet-pan Ching Chi-chieh), Compiled by 寶 亮 (Pao Liang), T.37, No. 1763, 377-611. 無量 義 經 (Wu-liang-i Ching) (Amitārthasūtra), Translation attributed to Dharmagatayaśas, T.9, No.276, 383-389.

233 II. Secondary Sources

II. 1. Books

Akira, H. A History of Indian , Paul Groner, (Tr.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2007. Aronson, H. B. Love and Sympathy in the Buddhism, Motilal Banarsidass, Ideological Publishers, Delhi: 1980. Bapat, P. V. 2500 Years of Buddhism, New Delhi: Art Press, 1997. Beal, S. Buddhist Records of the Western World, Vol. II, Delhi: 1983. Biswas, A. K. Buddha and Bodhisattva _ A Hindu View, Cosmo Publication, New Delhi: 1987. Brassard, F. The Concept of in Śāntideva‘s Bodhicaryāvatāra, New York: State University of New York, 2000. Capra, F. The Turning Point, London: 1982. Chattopadhyaya, A. Atiśa and Tibet, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, Delhi: 1999. Clear, T. The Flower Ornament Scripture, Book thirty- nine, Entry into the Realm of Reality, Shambhala – Boston & London: 1984. Con, E. (Ed.) Buddhist Text through the Age, New York: 1954. Conze, E. Thirty Years of Buddhist Studies, London: 1976.

234 Con, E. (Ed.) The Perfection of Wisdom in Eight thousand Lines & Its Verse Summary, Sri Satguru Publications, Delhi: 1994. Coomaraswamy, A.K. Great Thoughts of Gotama the Buddha, New Delhi: Crest Publishing House, 2000. Davids, Rhys. The Birth of Indian Psychology and its Development in Buddhism, Oriental Books Reprints Corporation: 1978. The Dalai, . The Way to Freedom, The Library of Tibet, Dharamsala: 2000 Dayal, H. The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhist Sanskrit Literature, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi: 1999. Dhammananda, K. S. What Buddhists believe, CBBEF, Taipei: 2000. Dutt, N. Age of Imperial Unity, Calcutta, India: 1980. Dutt, N. Early Monastic Buddhism, Calcutta, India: 1980. Dutt, S, Buddhism in East Asia, An outline of Buddhism in the History and Culture of the People of Asia, Low Price Publications, Delhi: 2004. Ehrlich, P. R. Population Resources Environment, San Francisco: 1972. Eliot, C. Hinduism and Buddhism, Vol. I, London: 1967. Garma, C. C. C. The Buddhist Teaching of Totality – The Philosophy of Hua Yeng Buddhism, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, Delhi: 1992.

235 Gyatso, L. Bodhicitta - Cultivating the Compassionate Mind of Enlightenment, Tr. Ven. Sherab Gyasto, New York: Snow Lion Publications, 1997. Gyatso, G. L. Joyful Path of Good Fortune, Tharpa Publications, London: 1996. Gyatso, G. K. Meaningful to Behold, the Bodhisattva ‘s Life, Motilal Banarsidass, New Delhi: 1998. Gyatso, G. K. The , Tharpa Publications, New Delhi: 2002. Gyatso, G. L. Universal Compassion, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi: 2002. Jones, C. B. : Religion and the State, Tr. Jones, University of Hawai’I Press: 1999. Hanh, T. N. Opening the Heart of Cosmos, Printed in United Stated of America: 2003. Hanh, T. N. Old Path White Clouds, Walking in the Footsteps of the Buddha, New Delhi: 2008. Huong, G. Bodhisattva and Śūnyatā (in the Early and Developed Traditions), Eastern Book Linkers, Delhi: 2005. HaZra, K. L. Royal Patronage of Buddhism in Ancient India, D. K. Publications, Delhi: 1984. Hoffman, F. J. Rationality and Mind in Early Buddhism, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, Delhi: 2002.

236 Ikeda, D. Buddhism in the First Millennium, Kodenesha International Ltd, Tokyo: 1977. Kajiyama, Y. An Introduction to , Wien: Arbeitskreis Fur Tibetische Und Buddhistische Studien, Universitat Wien: 1998. Kalupahana, D. J. A History of Buddhist Philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1994. Kalupahana, D. J. Mūlamadhyamakakārikā of Nāgārjuna, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1996. Karunyakara, L. Modernization of Buddhism, Contribution of Ambedkar and XIV, Delhi: 2002. Kawamura, S. (Ed.) The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhism, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1997. Kimura, R. A History Study of the Terms Hīnayāna and Mahāyāna and the Origins of Mahāyāna Buddhism, Delhi: 1982. Klostermaire, K. K. A Short Introduction, First South Asian Edition: 2006. Kochumuttom, T. A. A Buddhist Doctrine of Experience, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Primvate Limited, Delhi: 1999. Kormondy, E. J. Concept of Ecology, New Delhi: 1991. Krishnamurti, J. Education and the Significance of Life, Krishnamurti Foundation India: 1994. Lamotte, E. History of Indian Buddhism, Louvain: Institute Orientaliste: 1988. Ling, T. Buddha, Marx and God, London: 1979.

237 Loden, G. A. T. Path to Enlightenment in , Melbourne: Tushita Publications, 1993. Majumda, R. C. The Age of Imperial Unity, Bombay: 1968. Matics, M. L. Entering the Path of Enlightenment, The Bodhicaryāvatāra of the Buddhist poet Śāntideva, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1970. McDermott, J. P. Development in the Early Buddhist Concept of Kamma/Karma, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 2003. Mukherji, R. K Aśoka, London: 1972. Murti, T. R.V. The Central Philosophy of Buddhism, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2003. Nattier, J. The Bodhisattva Path Based on the Ugrapariprccha, a Mahāyāna Sūtra, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, Delhi: 2007. Obermiller, E. The in India and Tibet by Boston, Classics Indian Publications, Delhi: 1999. O’Flaherty, W.D. Ed. Karma and in Classical Indian Traditions, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi: 1999. Oldenbery, H. Dipavamsa, New Delhi: 1960. Pagel, U. The Bodhisattvapiṭaka, The Institute of Buddhist Studies, Tring: 1995. Pande, G. C. Studies in the Origin of Buddhism, Delhi: 1974.

238 Pandit, M. L. Śūnyatā: The Essence of Mahāyāna Spirituality, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi: 1998. Pelden, K. The Nectar of Manjushi’s Speech, Shechen Publications, New Delhi: 2008. Possin, D. L. V. The Five Points of Mahādeva and the Kathavatthu, Journal of Royal Asiatic Society, London: 1910. Prelish, C. S. Introduction Buddhism First published in New York: 2006. Radhakrishnan, S. Indian philosophy, George Allen and Unwin, London: 1923. Rahula, W. History of Buddhism in Ceylon, the Buddhist Cultural Central, Srilanka: 1993. Ramanan, K.V. Nāgārjuna‘s Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi: 2002. , Pabongka. Liberation in the Palm of Your Hand, America: Wisdom Publications, 2006. Rinpoche, Patruth. The Words of My Perfect Teacher, Shambhala Publications, America: 1998. Rinpoche, Ribur. How to Generate Bodhicitta, Amitābha Buddhist Centre, Singapore: 1999. Rinpoche, C. T. The Collected Works of Chogyan Trungpa, Vol. 3, Cutting through Spiritual Materialism, the Heart of the Buddha, Ed. Carolyn Rose Gimian, Shambhala Publications: 2003. Rao, B. S. L. H. Religion in Andhra, Guntur: 1973.

239 . A Survey of Buddhism, Sangam Press, Eighth Edition, Pune: 1996. Shantideva. A Guide to the Bodhisattva‘s Way of Shantideva, a commentary by the Ven. Khenchen , Sri Satguru Pulications, Delhi: 2002. Sharma, P. Bodhicaryāvatāra, Original Text with English translation and exposition based on Prajñā- karmati’s Panjikā, Delhi: 1990. Shen, H. The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sūtra, Low Price Publication, Delhi: 2005. Sōgen, Y. Systems of Buddhist Thought, Bharatiya Publishing House, Delhi: 1979. Sutton, F. G. Existence and Enlightenment in the Laṅkāvatāra-Sūtra, Sri Satguru Publications, Delhi: 1992. Stcherbatsky, Th. The Conception of Buddhist Nirvāṇa, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi: 1989. Suddhisukha, Taming the Monkey Mind, Sūtra Translation Committee of the United Stated and Canada, Printed in Taiwan: 2002. Suzuki, B. L. Mahāyāna Buddhism, The Buddhist Lodge, London: 1981. Suzuki, D. T. Essays in Buddhism, vol. III, Munshiram, New Delhi: 2004. Suzuki, D. T. Outlines of Mahāyāna Buddhism, Munshiram, New Delhi: 2000.

240 Suzuki, D. T. The Aśvaghoṣa’s Discourse on the Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna, Published by the Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago: 1900. Tsong-kha-pa. The Lam-rim Chen-mo (the Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment) by the Lam- rim Chen-mo translation committee translated, Snow Lion Publication, USA: 2004. Yun, M. H. , A Blueprint for Life, Tr. John Balcom, Published by Buddha’s Life Publishing, Taiwan: 2005. Wangchen, G. N. The Emptiness of Emptiness, An Introduction to Early Indian Mādhyamika, Motilal Banarsidass Publications, Delhi: 2003.

II. 2. Dictionaries and Encyclopedias

A Concise Encyclopedia Buddhism, Ed. John Power, Oneworld

Publication, Noida, India: 2006

A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, Ed. William Edward Soothill &

Lewis Hodous, Mushiram, New Delhi: 2005.

Dictionary of Buddhism, D. Keown, Oxford University Press, New York: 2003. Dictionary of Proper Name, Ed. G. P. Malalasekera, Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, 1983.

241 Dictionary of Psychology, Ed. JAtkinson, E Beme and R. S. Woodworth. Goyl SaaB, Delhi: 1988. Encyclopaedia of Asian Philosophy, Ed. O. Leaman, Routledge, London: 2001. Encyclopaedia of Buddhism, Vol. III. Ed. J. Dhirasekera, Colombo: The Government of Sri Lanka, 1979. Encyclopaedia of Buddhism, Vol. IV. Ed. W.G. Weeraratne, Colombo: The Government of Sri Lanka, 1990. The Encyclopedia of Religion, Vol. IV, Ed. M. Eliade, MacMillan, New York: 1987. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. III, IV, Ed. P. Edwards, MacMillan, New York: 1967. Pāli English Dictionary, Ed. Rhys Davids and William Stede, Motilal Banarsidas Pulishers, Delhi: 1993. A Sanskrit Chinese Dictionary, Ed. Ernest Eitel, Cosmo Publications: 1981. A Sanskrit – English Dictionary, Ed. M. Monier Williams, Motilal Banarsidas, Delhi: 1995.

II. 3. Websites http://www.angelfire.com/electronic/awakening101/four-vows.html, (The Four Defeats of the Bodhisattva Dharma). http://www.dharmaweb.org/index.php/Generating_the_Bodhimind_by_Ky abje_Ling_Rinpoche (His Holiness Kyabje Ling Rinpoche, Generating the Bodhimind by Kyabje Ling Rinpoche, Source)

242 http://kibrahacha.com/poetry/collection/13.htm, (Sogyal Rinpoche, The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying.) http://www.ratnavali.com/content/view/7327/45/,(The Precious Garland Ratnavali of Nāgārjuna.) http://www.westernbuddhistreview.com/vol4/giving_rise_to_the_bodhicitt a.html. http://www.bodhicitta.net/Atisha%27s%20Lamp.htm,(Atiśa, the Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment.) http://fodian.net/world/DiamondT0235-e.pdf, (The Diamond Perfection of Wisdom Sūtra, Trans. into Chinese by Kumārajīva, Trans. into English by Charles Patton.) www.lamayeshe.com, (Dr. Nick Ribush, the Path with a heart) http://www.ratnavali.com/content/view/7327/45/,(Nāgārjuna, The Precious Garland.)

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