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Il-Premju Sakharov 2020 (PDF L-oppożizzjoni demokratika fil-Belarus © Nadia Buzhan / Nasha Niva Rebbieħa tal-Premju Sakharov 2020 talli ddefendiet id-demokrazija Il-premju tal-Parlament Ewropew għal-libertà tal-ħsieb L-oppożizzjoni demokratika fil-Belarussja L-oppożizzjoni demokratika tal-Belarussja appellaw lill-President biex jirriżenja. rrappreżentata mill-Kunsill ta’ Ir-reġim wieġeb b’livell ta’ vjolenza Koordinament, hija inizjattiva tan-nisa u repressjoni bla preċedent, iżda s-soċjetà kuraġġużi Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, Belarussa ma ċedietx u kompliet Svetlana Alexievich, Maryia Kalesnikava, tipprotesta. Volha Kavalkova u Veranika Tsapkala, u l-personalitajiet politiċi u tas-soċjetà Nisa kuraġġużi bħal Sviatlana ċivili Siarhei Tsikhanouski, Ales Bialiatski, Tsikhanouskaya, Svetlana Alexievich, Siarhei Dyleuski, Stsiapan Putsila u Mikola Maryia Kalesnikava u Volha Kavalkova, Statkevich. membri tal-Presidju tal-Kunsill ta’ Koordinament, flimkien mal-attivista F’Awwissu 2020, l-oppożizzjoni politika Veranika Tsapkala, saru s-simbolu demokratika tal-Belarussja tat bidu għal tal-oppożizzjoni u offrew it-tama lill- proċess bla preċedent biex timmobilizza Belarussi. Dawn kienu appoġġjati minn s-soċjetà fi protesti paċifiċi tal-massa dissidenti, attivisti politiċi oħra, difensuri għad-demokrazija f’pajjiż li ilu meqjus tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, politiċi tal- bħala l-aħħar dittatorjat fl-Ewropa. oppożizzjoni u mexxejja taż-żgħażagħ, Il-protesti bdew fid-dawl tal-elezzjonijiet inklużi Siarhei Tsikhanouski, Ales Bialiatski, li raw lil Aliaksandr Lukashenka jitla’’ Siarhei Dyleuski, Stsiapan Putsila u Mikola għas-sitt mandat tiegħu bħala president Statkevich. f’kontestazzjoni mtappna minn allegazzjonijiet ta’ frodi elettorali mifruxa. Il-mexxej tal-Kunsill ta’ Koordinament, L-oppożizzjoni magħquda insistiet li Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, saret l-kandidata ewlenija tal-oppożizzjoni l-emblema ta’ din ir-rivoluzzjoni Belarussa Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya rebħet rebħa paċifika. Minkejja li ma kellha l-ebda deċiżiva fl-ewwel rawnd b’mill-inqas 60 % esperjenza politika preċedenti, hija daħlet tal-voti. Huma stiednu lil Lukashenka u ħadet post il-konjuġi tagħha, il-blogger jibda negozjati biex jittrasferixxi s-setgħa u d-dissident Siarhei Tsikhanouski, bħala u ħolqu Kunsill ta’ Koordinament għal dak l-kandidat presidenzjali indipendenti, li il-għan. ġie arrestat fuq akkużi foloz u mitfugħ il-ħabs minn Lukashenko. Jumejn wara Fil-ġimgħat ta’ wara, it-toroq ta’ Minsk l-elezzjoni Tsikhanouskayat ġie eskortata kienu mimlija dimostrazzjonijiet li kissru direttament lejn il-fruntiera Litwana minn r-rekord li attiraw aktar minn uffiċjali Belarussi. Kemm ilha issa fl-eżilju, 200 000 persuna. Id-dimostranti minn kull hija kienet il-vuċi tan-nazzjon ċiviku qasam tal-ħajja u minn kull professjoni tal-Belarussja fl-Ewropa kollha. Matul iż-żjara tagħha fil-Parlament Ewropew fi Tsikhanouski, ir-raġel ta’ Sviatlana, lil Ales Brussell, Tsikhanouskaya ipproklamat li Bialiatski, li kien ġie nominat għall-Premju l-Belarussja kienet qed tesperjenza Sakharov u għall-Premju Nobel għall-Paċi, rivoluzzjoni demokratika u tistinka biex lil Mikola Statkevich, politiku prominenti tasserixxi d-dritt tagħha li teleġġi Belarussu u veteran tal-oppożizzjoni għal l-mexxejja tagħha b’mod liberu u ġust Lukashenka, u Stsiapan Putsila, il-fundatur u tieħu f’idejha l-inkarigu tad-destin ta’ NEXTA, kanal fejn wieħed jaqsam tagħha stess. l-informazzjoni, ir-ritratti u l-vidjos tal-protesti paċifiċi fil-Belarussja u tal- Żewġ nisa kuraġġużi oħra segwew triq ta’ vjolenza mwettqa kontrihom mis-servizzi azzjoni simili għal Tsikhanouskaya. tal-infurzar tal-liġi. Veranika Tsapkala, maniġer tan-negozju u attivista politika, saret ir-rappreżentant F’riżoluzzjoni adottata f’Settembru 2020, ta’ żewġha Valery fil-manifestazzjonijiet il-Parlament Ewropew ikkundanna tal-kampanja ta’ Tsikhanouskaya wara li lill-awtoritajiet Belarussi tar-repressjoni kien ġie mċaħħad mill-permess li vjolenti li wettqu fuq il-protesti paċifiċi. jirreġistra bħala kandidat presidenzjali L-MEPs affermaw li l-elezzjonijiet saru bi u telaq mill-pajjiż, u ħa lil uliedhom “ksur flagranti tal-istandards rikonoxxuti miegħu. Sadanittant, Maryia Kalesnikava, internazzjonalment kollha” u li mużiċista, attivista politika u membru l-Parlament ma kienx se jibqa’ jirrikonoxxi tal-Kunsill ta’ Koordinament, mexxiet lil Aliaksandr Lukashenka bħala President il-kampanja presidenzjali ta’ Viktar tal-Belarussja ladarba l-mandat tiegħu Babaryka sakemm ġie arrestat, u wara tat jkun skada fil-5 ta’ Novembru. l-appoġġ tagħha lil Tsikhanouskaya. L-MEPs laqgħu lill-Kunsill ta’ Il-Presidju tal-Kunsill ta’ Koordinament Koordinament bħala “rappreżentanza jinkludi wkoll lil Svetlana Alexievich, interim tal-poplu li qed jitlob bidla ir-rebbieħa tal-Premju Nobel għal- demokratika fil-Belarussja li hija miftuħa Letteratura fl-2015, u Volha Kavalkova, għall-partijiet ikkonċernati politiċi ir-rappreżentanta ta’ Tsikhanouskaya u soċjali kollha”, u appellaw għal meta ġie ffurmat il-kunsill, flimkien ma’ sanzjonijiet tal-UE kontra l-grupp ta’ Siarhei Dyleuski, il-mexxej tal-kumitat individwi responsabbli għall- tal-istrajk tal-Fabbrika tat-Tratturi ta’ falsifikazzjoni tar-riżultati elettorali Minsk L-awtoritajiet Belarussi, lil ħafna u għar-repressjoni vjolenti fil-Belarussja, mill-aktar attivisti prodemokratiċi inkluż il-President Lukashenka. prominenti, jew tefgħuhom il-ħabs jew eżiljawhom, fosthom lil Siarhei Ir-rebbieħa 2019 Ilham Tohti 2004 L-Assoċjazzjoni Belarussa 2018 Oleg Sentsov tal-Ġurnalisti 2017 L-Oppożizzjoni Demokratika 2003 Is-Segretarju Ġenerali fil-Venezwela tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti Kofi Annan u l-persunal kollu tan-NU 2016 Nadia Murad u Lamiya Haji Bashar 2015 Raif Badawi 2002 Oswaldo José Payá Sardiñas 2014 Denis Mukwege 2001 Izzat Ghazzawi, Nurit Peled-Elhanan, 2013 Malala Yousafzai Dom Zacarias Kamwenho 2012 Nasrin Sotoudeh u Jafar Panahi 2000 ¡Basta Ya! 2011 Ir-Rebbiegħa Għarbija 1999 Xanana Gusmão (Mohamed Bouazizi, Ali Ferzat, Asmaa Mahfouz, Ahmed al-Senussi 1998 Ibrahim Rugova u Razan Zaitouneh) 1997 Salima Ghezali 2010 Guillermo Fariñas 1996 Wei Jingsheng 2009 Memorial (Oleg Orlov, Sergei 1995 Leyla Zana Kovalev u Lyudmila Alexeyeva 1994 Taslima Nasreen f’isem Memorial u d-difensuri l-oħra kollha tad-drittijiet 1993 Oslobođenje tal-bniedem fir-Russja) 1992 Las Madres de Plaza de Mayo 2008 Hu Jia 1991 Adem Demaçi 2007 Salih Mahmoud Mohamed Osman 1990 Aung San Suu Kyi 2006 Aliaksandr Milinkevich 1989 Alexander Dubček 2005 Damas de Blanco, Hauwa Ibrahim, 1988 Nelson Mandela u Anatoli Reporters Without Borders Marchenko (wara mewtu) il-Premju Sakharov Mogħti għall-ewwel darba fl-1988 lil fosthom Nelson Mandela, Malala Nelson Mandela u lil Anatoli Marchenko, Yousafzai, Denis Mukwege u Nadia il-Premju Sakharov għal-Libertà tal-Ħsieb Murad, wara rebħu wkoll il-Premju Nobel huwa l-ogħla ġieħ li tagħti l-Unjoni għall-Paċi. Ewropea għall-ħidma favur id-drittijiet tal-bniedem. Dan jagħti rikonoxximent lil Il-Parlament Ewropew jagħti l-Premju individwi, gruppi u organizzazzjonijiet li Sakharov bl-allokazzjoni tiegħu ta’ EUR taw kontribut eċċellenti għall-protezzjoni 50 000 waqt seduta plenarja formali fi tal-libertà tal-ħsieb. Permezz tal-premju Strasburgu lejn l-aħħar ta’ kull sena. Kull u n-netwerk assoċjat tiegħu, l-UE grupp politiku tal-Parlament jista’ tappoġġa lir-rebbieħa, li jħossuhom jinnomina l-kandidati, kif jistgħu jagħmlu imsaħħa u mogħtija s-setgħa fl-isforzi wkoll il-Membri individwali (bl-appoġġ ta’ tagħhom biex jiddefendu l-kawżi mill-inqas 40 Membru għal kull kandidat). tagħhom. Il-persuni nnominati jiġu ppreżentati waqt seduta konġunta bejn il-Kumitat Il-premju s’issa ngħata lil dissidenti, għall-Affarijiet Barranin, il-Kumitat mexxejja politiċi, ġurnalisti, avukati, għall-Iżvilupp u s-Sottokumitat għad- attivisti tas-soċjetà ċivili, kittieba, Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, u l-membri ommijiet, nisa, mexxejja ta’ minoranzi, tal-kumitati permanenti kollha jivvutaw grupp antiterrorista, attivisti għall-paċi, għal lista ristretta ta’ tliet kandidati. attivist kontra t-tortura, kartunista, Ir-rebbieħ jew rebbieħa finali tal-Premju priġunieri tal-kuxjenza li skontaw sentenzi Sakharov jiġu magħżula mill-Konferenza twal, produttur tal-films, in-Nazzjonijiet tal-Presidenti, li hi korp tal-Parlament Uniti (NU) bħala entità u saħansitra tifla li Ewropew immexxi mill-president, li taħdem favur id-dritt għall-edukazzjoni. jinkludi fih il-mexxejja tal-gruppi politiċi Il-premju jippromwovi b’mod partikolari kollha rappreżentati fil-Parlament. Dan l-libertà tal-espressjoni, id-drittijiet jagħmel l-għażla tar-rebbieħa għażla tal-minoranzi, ir-rispett tad-dritt tassew Ewropea. internazzjonali, l-iżvilupp tad-demokrazija u l-implimentazzjoni tal-istat tad-dritt. Bosta rebbieħa tal-Premju Sakharov, Andrei Sakharov Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989) kien fiżiku fl-1975, kien “kelliem għall-kuxjenza magħruf, attivist tad-drittijiet tal- tal-umanità”. Ma tħalliex imur jirċievi bniedem, dissident u promotur ta’ riformi l-Premju Nobel personalment, imma la fl-Unjoni Sovjetika. Pijunier tal-fiżika r-ripressjoni u lanqas l-eżilju ma setgħu nukleari u missier il-bomba tal-idroġenu jegħlbu r-reżistenza tiegħu. Sovjetika, Andrei Sakharov kellu 32 sena meta sar membru sħiħ tal-Akkademja Andrei Sakharov kien eżiljat fil-belt tax-Xjenzi tal-Unjoni Sovjetika. Lejn magħluqa ta’ Gorky fl-1980, wara li l-aħħar tal-ħamsinijiet, madankollu, beda pubblikament ipprotesta kontra jħossu dejjem aktar imħasseb dwar l-intervent militari Sovjetiku fl-Afganistan il-konsegwenzi tat-testijiet nukleari fl-1979.
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