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Turkey-Leyla Zana Appeal-Trial Observer-Report-2004
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS Commission internationale de juristes - Comisión Internacional de Juristas " dedicated since 1952 to the primacy, coherence and implementation of international law and principles that advance human rights " REPORT OF THE APPEAL OF LEYLA ZANA AND THREE OTHER KURDISH FORMER PARLIAMENTARIANS Before THE COURT OF CASSATION, ANKARA on 8 July 2004 14 July 2004 October 2004 A report published by the International Commission of Jurists’ (ICJ) Centre for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers (CIJL) Geneva, Switzerland International Commission of Jurists, 81A, avenue de Châtelaine, P.O. Box 216, 1219 Châtelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41(0) 22 979 3800 – Fax: +41(0) 22 979 3801 – Website: http://www.icj.org - E-mail: [email protected] ICJ/CIJL Report of the Appeal of Leyla Zana and Three Other Kurdish Former Parliamentarians before Ankara’s Court of Cassation TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................... 3 II. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 5 III. Legal Framework .............................................................................................................................. 7 IV. The Appeal Hearing .......................................................................................................................... 7 (1) The Layout of the Court .............................................................................................................. -
Prémio Sakharov Para a Liberdade De Pensamento
PRÉMIO SAKHAROV PARA A LIBERDADE DE PENSAMENTO uma edição: www.carloscoelho.eu por Carlos Coelho Deputado ao Parlamento Europeu, Membro da Comissão das Liberdades Cívicas, Justiça e Assuntos Internos PRÉMIO SAKHAROV PARA A LIBERDADE DE PENSAMENTO Nesta pequena edição divulgo o Prémio Sakharov que é um dos instrumentos da União Europeia para promover os Direitos do Homem no Mundo. O Prémio Sakharov recompensa personalidades excepcio- nais que lutam contra a intolerância, o fanatismo e a opres- são. A exemplo de Andrei Sakharov, os laureados com este Pré- mio são ou foram exemplos da coragem que é necessária para defender os Direitos do Homem e a Liberdade de ex- pressão. 2 3 E QUEM FOI ANDREI SAKHAROV? Prémio Nobel da Paz em 1975, o físico russo Andrei Dmitrievitch Sakharov (1921-1989) foi, antes de mais, o inventor da bomba de hidrogénio. O QUE É Preocupado com as consequências dos seus trabalhos para o futuro da humanidade, O PRÉMIO SAKHAROV? procurou despertar a consciência do perigo da corrida ao armamento nuclear. Obteve um êxito parcial com a assinatura do Tratado O “Prémio Sakharov para a Liberdade de Pensamento” é contra os Ensaios Nucleares em 1963. atribuído todos os anos pelo Parlamento Europeu. Criado em 1988, reconhece e distingue personalidades ou entidades Considerado na URSS como um dissidente que se esforçam por defender os Direitos Humanos e as com ideias subversivas, cria, nos anos setenta, liberdades fundamentais. um Comité para a defesa dos direitos do Homem e para a defesa das vítimas políticas. No dia 10 de Dezembro (ou na data mais próxima), o Os seus esforços viriam a ser coroados com o Parlamento Europeu entrega o seu Prémio no valor de Prémio Nobel da Paz em 1975. -
Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019
INSTITUT KURDDE PARIS E Information and liaison bulletin N° 414 SEPTEMBER 2019 The publication of this Bulletin enjoys a subsidy from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Ministry of Culture This bulletin is issued in French and English Price per issue : France: 6 € — Abroad : 7,5 € Annual subscribtion (12 issues) France : 60 € — Elsewhere : 75 € Monthly review Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tel. : 01-48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01-48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: bulletin@fikp.org Information and liaison bulletin Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019 • TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... • TURKEY: MANY DEMONSTRATIONS AFTER FURTHER DISMISSALS OF HDP MAYORS • ROJAVA: TURKEY CONTINUES ITS THREATS • IRAQ: A CONSTITUTION FOR THE KURDISTAN REGION? • IRAN: HIGHLY CONTESTED, THE REGIME IS AGAIN STEPPING UP ITS REPRESSION TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... he Turkish govern- economist. The vice-president of ten points lower than the previ- ment is increasingly the CHP, Aykut Erdoğdu, ous year, with the disagreement embarrassed by the recalled that the Istanbul rate rising from 38 to 48%. On economic situation. Chamber of Commerce had esti- 16, TurkStat published unem- T The TurkStat Statistical mated annual inflation at ployment figures for June: 13%, Institute reported on 2 22.55%. The figure of the trade up 2.8%, or 4,253,000 unem- September that production in the union Türk-İş is almost identical. ployed. For young people aged previous quarter fell by 1.5% HDP MP Garo Paylan ironically 15 to 24, it is 24.8%, an increase compared to the same period in said: “Mr. -
I DIRITTI UMANI ALLA RIBALTA Pubblicazione Sul Premio Sacharov Edita Dal Parlamento Europeo E' Stato Pubblicato a Cura Del Parla
I DIRITTI UMANI ALLA RIBALTA Pubblicazione sul premio Sacharov edita dal Parlamento Europeo E' stato pubblicato a cura del Parlamento europeo un opuscolo sul premio Sacharov 2011. L'edizione, di agevole lettura, propone un excursus sugli individui e le organizzazioni cui dal 1988 ad oggi è stato assegnato il premio, per poi incentrare l'attenzione sui premiati 2011: Asmaa Mahfouz (Egitto), Ahmed al-Zubair Ahmed al-Sanusi (Libia), Razan Zaitouneh (Siria), Ali Farzat (Siria), Mohamed Bouazizi (Tunisia), in considerazione del ruolo decisivo svolto da costoro nella cosiddetta “primavera araba” vissuta dai paesi del nord Africa nel corso dell'anno. Dal 1988, il Parlamento europeo conferisce ogni anno il « Premio Sacharov per la libertà di pensiero » per onorare, personalità o vvero organizzazioni che si sono distinte per il loro impegno a favore dei diritti dell’uomo, delle libertà fondamentali e contro l’oppressione e l’ingiustizia. Andrej Sacharov (1921–1989), fisico membro dell’Accademia delle Scienze, dissidente e premio Nobel per la pace nel 1975. La sua figura ha assunto un certo rilievo non solo perchè egli si impegnava concretamente per la liberazione di dissidenti nel proprio paese, ma affrontava nei suoi scritti anche il rapporto fra scienza e società, coesistenza pacifica e libertà di pensiero. Sacharov è diventato quindi a livello mondiale il simbolo della lotta contro la negazione dei diritti fondamentali. Nello spirito di Sacharov, tutte le personalità che hanno finora ricevuto il premio a lui intitolato testimoniano il grande coraggio, per difendere i diritti dell’uomo e per rivendicarne la validità universale. Quasi sempre il loro impegno per la dignità della persona umana ha comportato grandi sacrifici. -
The Position of the US House of Representatives on the Kurdish Issue in Turkey 1993-2000
PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(5), ISSN 1553 - 6939 Article Received: 22th November, 2020; Article Revised: 26th March, 2021; Article Accepted: 26th April, 2021 The Position of the US House of Representatives on the Kurdish Issue In Turkey 1993-2000 Asst. Prof. Dr. Manhal Elham Abdel Duhok Technical University [email protected] Asst.Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hamzah Hussein College of Education,University Of Al-Hamdaniya [email protected] Asst.Prof. Dr. Ahmed Mahmood Alaw University Of Samarra / College of Education [email protected] Summary: The interest of the members of the US House of Representatives, through their files and the minutes of their sessions, in the focus of their country's relations with Turkey on the issue of human rights and democracy. As well as that,the annual reports of the US State Department have recorded widespread and increasing violations regarding the issue of dealing with Kurdish citizens in Turkey, and how American lawmakers have become more Aware of and interest in these issues in their country's foreign policies. The effects of the Kurdish issue in Turkey on the position of Congress appeared through the nature of US-Turkish relations, and directly from the US financial aid granted to Turkey, as well as the US arms deals with Turkey, their quality and quantity. Introduction: The Kurdish issue in Turkey is receiving great international attention, and this concern has entered the corridors of The position of the US House of Representatives as part of the nature of Turkish-American relations, and its implications and direct effects on the nature of those relations. -
Weekly Newsletter40 191207 View
OMCT-Europe Weekly Newsletter 2007 N°40, 10.12- 19.12.2007 SUMMARY REGIONS: AFRICA Chad Conflict in eastern Chad (13/12/2007) AMERICAS United States of America Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the formal abolition of the death penalty in the State of New Jersey, USA (17/12/2007) ASIA China EU-China: Beijing summit and human rights dialogue (13/12/2007) Japan Use of sex slaves by Japanese forces in World War II (13/12/2007) Pakistan Javier Solana, EU High Representative for the CFSP, welcomes the lifting of the state of emergency in Pakistan (15/12/2007) ► Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the lifting of the state of emergency on Pakistan (18/12/2007) EUROPE (OUTSIDE OF UE ) AND CIS MAGHREB AND MIDDLE EAST Algeria EU Presidency Statement on recent attacks in Algiers (11/12/2007) ( FR ) Javier Solana, Haut Representant de l’Union européenne pour la PESC, condamne les attentats perpétrés à Alger (11/12/2007) The President of the European Parliament condemns bomb attacks in Algiers (11/12/2007) Lebanon EU Presidency statement on the assassination of General Hajj in Lebanon (12/12/2007) Javier Solana, EU High Representative for the CFSP, condemns the terrorist attack in Beirut (11/12/2007) Saudi Arabia Women’s rights in Saudi Arabia (13/12/2007) Iran EU Presidency Statement on the Supreme Court's decision concerning the death sentences on Mohammad Latif, Ali Mahin Torabi and Hossein Haghi (17/12/2007) THEMATIC : FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVES JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS EXTERNAL -
Sakharov Prize 1988
Nelson Mandela Sakharov Prize 1988 An icon in the fight against racism, Nelson Mandela led South Africa’s historic transition from apartheid to a racially inclusive democracy and promoted equal opportunities and peace for all. Anatoly Marchenko Sakharov Prize 1988 A former Soviet Union dissident who brought to light the horrific jail conditions of political prisoners, Anatoly Marchenko was nominated by Andrei Sakharov himself. Alexander Dubček Sakharov Prize 1989 A leading figure in the Prague Spring, Alexander Dubček strove for democratic and economic reform. He continued to fight for freedom, sovereignty and social justice throughout his life. Aung San Suu Kyi Sakharov Prize 1990 Former political prisoner Aung San Suu Kyi spearheaded Myanmar’s pro-democratic struggle against the country’s military dictatorship. Adem Demaçi Sakharov Prize 1991 Standing up to the harsh repression of the Serbian regime, the ‘Mandela of the Balkans’ devoted himself to the promotion of tolerance and ethnic reconciliation in Kosovo. Las Madres de Plaza de Mayo Sakharov Prize 1992 The ‘Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo’ led a peaceful resistance movement against the military dictatorship and repression in Argentina in response to the forced disappearance and torture of political opponents. Oslobođenje Sakharov Prize 1993 The journalists of Sarajevo’s Oslobođenje newspaper risked their lives fighting to maintain the unity and ethnic diversity of their country during the war in the former Yugoslavia. Taslima Nasreen Sakharov Prize 1994 Exiled from Bangladesh and Bengal for her secular views, the writer Taslima Nasreen fights against the oppression of women and opposes all forms of religious extremism. Leyla Zana Sakharov Prize 1995 The first Kurdish woman to be elected to the Turkish Parliament, Leyla Zana’s fight for democracy symbolises her people’s struggle for dignity and human rights. -
Country Advice
Country Advice Turkey Turkey – TUR39230 – Leyla Zana 30 September 2011 1. What is known of Leyla Zana? Figure 1. Leyla Zana Career In 1991, Leyla Zana became the first Kurdish woman to win a seat in the Turkish parliament.1 Zana served as a member of the Social Democratic Populist Party, representing her home province, Diyarbaki.2 During her parliamentary oath ceremony, Zana spoke in Kurdish, which was highly controversial at the time. Zana‟s parliamentary immunity protected her from repercussions until 1994 when the Democracy Party, which she joined in 1993, was banned for engaging in “separatist” activities.3 According to Amnesty International, in February 1994 Prime Minister Tansu Çiller and General Güres, Chief of General Staff, „began moves‟ which eventually brought about Zana‟s trial and 15 year prison sentence, along with the conviction of three other former Democracy Party MPs.4 Zana was charged with membership of an illegal armed organization, the Kurdish Workers‟ Party (PKK), under Article 168/1 of the Turkish Penal Code.5 She was released in 2004 after the Turkish High court of appeals overturned her conviction.6 1 Gunter, Michael 2010, Historical Dictionary of the Kurds, 2nd edn, Scarecrow Press Inc, Maryland, p.310, Google Books website http://books.google.com.au/books?id=zDRGO6EgapMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0# v=onepage&q&f=false – Accessed 28 September 2011 2 Amnesty International 1997, Turkey: The colours of their clothes: parliamentary deputies serve 15 years’ imprisonment for expressions of Kurdish -
Sacharov 2004 ET.Indd
EUROOPA PARLAMENT Valgevene Ajakirjanike Liit Sahharovi auhind ET Mõttevabaduse eest 2004 SAHHAROVI AUHIND MÕTTEVABADUSE EEST INIMÕIGUSED EUROOPA PARLAMENT EUROOPA PARLAMENT SAHHAROVI AUHIND 2004 Fotod: Euroopa Parlamendi fotoagentuur Fotod: Wei Jingsheng: Shanshan Wei-Blank Leyla Zana: © SIPA PRESS Salima Ghezali: © Jacques Torregano / L’E.d.J. Ibrahim Rugova: LDK Xanana Gusmão: Reuters Pool ¡BASTA YA!: El País Kamwenho: kasutada andnud LUSA Nurit Peled-Elhahan: kasutada andnud Avraham Elhanan Izzat Ghazzawi: Tore Kjeilen / LexicOrient Kofi Annan: UN / DPI Photo 22 Valgevene Ajakirjanike Liit (BAJ): 33 EUROOPA PARLAMENT SAHHAROVI AUHIND 2004 Alates 1988. aastast on välja antud Sahharovi auhinda isikutele või organisatsioonidele, kes on andnud suure panuse inimõiguste eest võitlemisse oma kodumaal. Valgevene Ajakirjanike Liit asub laureaatide seas väärikale kohale seoses silmapaistva pühendumusega sõnavabaduse ja sõltumatu ajakirjanduse edendamisele Valgevenes. Äärmiselt rasketes tingimustes on liit teinud jõupingutusi ajakirjanike kaitsmiseks, kes on langenud hirmutamise, tagakiusamise või kriminaaljälituse ohvriks. Liidu advokaadid on nimetatud isikuid kohtus sageli edukalt kaitsnud. Peale selle on liidul oluline järelevalve roll, dokumenteerides riigiasutuste ja sõltumatu meedia vahel tekkinud konfl ikte. Liit töötab aktiivselt ka uue meediaseaduse väljatöötamise lõpuleviimise heaks, mis peab toimuma avalikkuse range kontrolli all, ning ajakirjanike kõrgete kutsestandardite edendamise nimel Valgevenes. Euroopa Parlament on väljendanud -
Statute of the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought
1.3.5. STATUTE OF THE SAKHAROV PRIZE FOR FREEDOM OF THOUGHT DECISION OF THE CONFERENCE OF PRESIDENTS OF 15 May 2003 1 The Conference of Presidents, – having regard to Parliament's resolution of 13 December 1985 instituting the Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought, – having regard to the proposal from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defence Policy, – having regard to Rule 24(4) of the Rules of Procedure, HAS DECIDED Article 1 Parliament shall annually award the Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought. Article 2 The prize shall be awarded for a particular achievement in one of the following fields: - defence of human rights and fundamental freedoms, particularly the right to free expression, - safeguarding the rights of minorities, - respect for international law, - development of democracy and implementation of the rule of law. ‘Achievement’ shall mean any intellectual or artistic composition or active work in the above fields. Article 3 The prize shall be 50 000 €. Parliament reserves the right to publish any work for which the prize is awarded. Article 4 The prize may be awarded to natural persons or to associations or organisations, irrespective of whether they have legal personality. 1 Modified by the Conference of Presidents on 14 June 2006 PE 339.469/BUR/Rev3 The nationality, place of residence or seat of the candidates shall be immaterial. Article 5 If a written work is submitted in support of an application, it must be in one of the official languages of the European Union. An achievement within the meaning of Article 2 must be substantiated and verifiable. -
Sakharov Prize Laureates Discuss the Importance of Press Freedom
Beat: Politics Sakharov Prize laureates discuss the importance of press freedom On Sunday 3 May 2015 Madrid / Brussels, 02.05.2015, 17:44 Time USPA NEWS - The European Parliament has awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought to several journalists and advocates of freedom of press since it was launched in 1988. We talked to some of those laureates about their experiences, current challenges and the importance of the press. Ali Ferzat, a Syrian cartoonist and Sakharov Prize laureate in 2011, recalls how he tried to avoid media control for years in Syria by using symbols instead of words. “I have deliberately used symbols in my cartoons in order to overcome the barrier of censorship prior to publication, but I was still occasionally called in by the intelligence services because of my critical cartoons, which generally found favour with the public,“ he said. He had to flee his country and now lives now in exile in Kuwait, after being badly beaten by a militia group loyal to the Assad regime and left on the streets for dead in 2011. Razan Zaitouneh, a Syrian journalist, who was also awarded the Sakharov Prize in 2011, was kidnapped in a rebel-held area in the suburbs of Damascus in December 2013 and her whereabouts and captors are still unknown. “The most important thing defining the freedom of press is to convey the truth,“ stresses Zhanna Litvina, from the Belarusian Association of Journalists who was awarded the Sakharov Prize in 2004. “If you witness [something] with your own eyes and if you're professional, then you must write about that truth.“ “Without free press, that is to say, the capacity to properly inform the public and provide citizens debates with necessary insights, democracy is amputated,“ said Salima Ghezali, an Algerian journalist, writer and women's rights activist and the Sakharov Prize laureate in 1997. -
Andrei Sacharow —
ANDREI SSACHAROWACHAROW — VOM BOMBENBAUER ZUM BÜRGERRECHTLER „Mein SchickSchicksalsal wwarar in gegewisserwisser WWeiseeise außergeaußergewöhnlichwöhnlich […]. Nicht aus ffalscheralscher Bescheidenheit, sondern aus dem WWunschunsch herheraus,aus, genau zu sein, möchtmöchtee ich behauptbehaupten,en, dass sich mein SchickSchicksalsal größer als meine PPersönlichkeitersönlichkeit erwies. Ich vversuchteersuchte nurnur,, auf der Höhe meines eigenen SchickSchicksalssals zu bleiben ……““ Aus einem Interview mit der Zeitung „Die Jugend Estlands“, 11. Oktober 1988. Foto: Ju. Rost. EINE NEUE WELT ENTSTEHT Andrei Sacharow kam mit der Gründung der UdSSR auf die Welt und kurz nachdem er starb, ging auch die Sowjetunion unter. Alles Großartige und Grauenvolle des Sowjetstaats spiegelt sich in seinem Leben. ❶ Plan der Bauvorhaben des Zweiten Fünfjahrplans, 1933–1937 ❷ Demonstration für den Roten ❸ Gefangene beim Bau des Weißmeer-Kanals, Terror, Petrograd 1918. Aufschrift des frühe 1930er Jahre Transparents: „Tod der Bourgeoisie und ihren Schranzen. Es lebe der Rote Terror!!“ Eine neue Epoche der Geschichte Russlands begann In den 1930er Jahren schuf die Partei einen Kult mit der Oktoberrevolution im Jahre 1917. um Stalin, den sie als „weisen Führer“ pries. Lenin und die Bolschewiki ergriffen die Macht. Die Bolschewiki schlossen die Grenzen; Ihr Ziel war, alles grundlegend zu verändern: Ein- und Ausreise waren fast unmöglich. die Staatsform, die Wirtschaft, die Gesellschaft. 1937/38 beschlossen sie unter Stalins Führung Am Ende sollte ein kommunistisches System stehen, Massenverhaftungen und -erschießungen wie es die Welt noch nie zuvor gesehen hatte. Historiker*innen streiten darüber, Um diese Utopie mit allen Mitteln durchzusetzen, ob Stalin Feinde oder jene vernichten wollte, griffen die Bolschewiki zu Zensur und Gewalt. die nicht in seine ideale Gesellschaft passten. Schon 1918 etablierten sie den „Roten Terror“.