N e w s l e t t e r o f T h e A m e r i c an S c h o o l o f C l a s s i c a l S t u d i e s at At h e n s

ákoueákoue2007 Edition, Nos. 57/8 Photo courtesy ASCSA Archives

William Bell Dinsmoor measuring the Temple of Aphaia at Aegina in 1926. See related story on page 25.

In this issue: Sturgeon Appointed Man Com Chair 3 Friedland Joins Trustees 4 Agora Excava- tions 2006 Season 5 Corinth Excavations 7 ASCSA’s Digital Initiatives 8 Student Reports: Iron Age Cretan Burials; Ctesias of Cnidos; Bronze Hydriai: Nymphs at Kokkinovrysi; Roman Coroplasts at the Agora 9 Excavation Launch at Kenchreai 13 Kevin Andrews’ Years at the School 17 Galatas Survey Project 20 Joins: Not Just for Epigraphers! 24 Examining Christian Desecration 24 Dinsmoor at the Perachoran Heraion 25 Amphora Production Technology and Trade 26 Wiener Lab Report 30 INSERT: Chair Pledges $1 Mil. to Campaign G1 Rare Books Acquired G1 Dragoumis Archives G4 From the Executive Editor Our 2007 edition of ákoue

The School has been a very busy place this I am pleased to report that as of this past fall and winter — a digital initiative, date, we have received $160,000 in gifts library consultants and assessments, a Mas- toward our $250,000 goal for this year’s ter Planning Study to examine our build- Annual Appeal. As you all know, these are ing and space needs, planning for a Capital unrestricted funds that go directly to the Campaign, and creation of a new website, operating budget of the School. Enclosed is

ákoue! to name just a few of the major projects. an Annual Appeal envelope for those who Because of all this activity we are a “little” have not yet sent us a contribution or who behind in getting this issue of ákoue to you, would like to make an additional gift. The but we hope you will still find much of School is extremely grateful to our many interest. Consider it an encapsulation of generous and loyal supporters! 2007 in place of our usual 2 yearly issues. We will be resuming our usual publishing — Irene Bald Romano schedule for 2008. April 2008

New ASCSA Website Launched

AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS 54 Souidias Street, GR-106 76 Athens, Greece 6–8 Charlton Street, Princeton, NJ 08540-5232 ákoue, the newsletter of the ASCSA 2007 Edition Nos. 57/8 Executive Editor Irene Bald Romano Editor Sally Fay Liaisons in Athens John Oakley & June Allison The School launched its revamped website, www.ascsa.edu.gr, in the first quarter of Design & Production Mary Jane Gavenda 2008. Our new site was months in the making and incorporates the input of Trustees, Managing Committee members, staff, and alumni. New features of the site include: ákoue is published semiannually by the ASCSA under the inspiration of Doreen • Audience-specific areas for alumni, staff, School governance, and members. C. Spitzer, Trustee Emerita. Please address all correspondence and inquiries to the • Current news and events on the home page with ability to subscribe to these items Newsletter Editor, ASCSA U.S. Office, 6–8 through RSS feeds. Charlton Street, Princeton, NJ 08540-5232. • More photos of the School campus, excavations, and student activities. Tel: (609) 683-0800; Fax: (609) 924-0578; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: www. • Special-interest features showcasing the richness and variety of School research and ascsa.edu.gr. learning opportunities. • Simplified navigation and enhanced search to find your way around the site much Ákoue in color on the web. easier. See this issue in color on the School’s website at: http://www.ascsa.edu. We hope you will turn to the website regularly for the latest information on the School. gr/index.php/publications/Akoue/. If you have suggestions for feature stories or improvements to the site please contact the website’s managing editor at [email protected].

 Sturgeon Succeeds Townsend as ManCom Chair

Mary C. Sturgeon, whose long association her M.A. and Ph.D. in classical archaeol- with the ASCSA began in 1967, has un- ogy and Greek from Bryn Mawr College. dertaken an appointment as Chair of the She was a member of the faculty of Oberlin Managing Committee for a five-year term, College for five years, in 1977 joining the effective with the Board of Trustees meeting faculty of UNC, where she teaches courses May 18, 2007. Ms. Sturgeon brings to the on Greek and Roman sculpture and Greek position a long history of direct involve- painting. Her research interests have fo- ment with the School, a working knowl- cused on sculpture excavated from the site edge of the various Managing Committee of Corinth and Corinth’s Sanctuary of Posei­ committees, intimate knowledge of the don on the Isthmos of Corinth. Her recent School’s teaching and research programs, work at Corinth includes study of its Hel- and a broad interest in various fields of clas- lenistic sculpture and the reconstruction of sics and classical archaeology. the sculptures on the theater façade of the Commenting on her new role, Ms. Hadrianic period (ca. A.D. 120–130). Sturgeon noted, “I see in this position the Among her numerous published works chance to contribute to an institution about are volumes in the Corinth and Isthmia which I care deeply and the opportunity series, published by the ASCSA: Sculpture. to give back something of what I owe to The Reliefs from the Theater (Corinth IX.2, Photo: C. Watkinson an organization from which I have learned 1977); The Sculptural Assemblage from the Mary C. Sturgeon so much.” Theater (Corinth IX.3, 2004); and Sculpture Ms. Sturgeon, who for ten years chaired I: 1952–1967 (Isthmia IV, 1987). Classics and vice chair of his faculty. He the Art Department at the University of Serving as the Vice Chair is Peter Krentz, was previously Summer Session Director North Carolina, has been a member of who has most recently served the Managing (2003) and Whitehead Professor (2000– the Managing Committee since 1974. She Committee as a member of the Executive 01) at the School. Mr. Krentz, a Summer has served on several committees of the Committee. Mr. Krentz, W. R. Grey Pro- Session participant in 1975, holds B.A., Managing Committee, including an ad hoc fessor of Classics and History at Davidson M.A., and Ph.D. degrees in history from committee on School programs; the Com- College, also has significant administrative Yale University. e mittee on Committees (twice); the Summer experience, as chair of the Department of School Committee, which she chaired; the Personnel Committee; and the Executive Committee. She also served a term as Sec- For the past five years, as Chair of the Managing retary of the Managing Committee. Committee of the American School of Classical Stud- In addition to her administrative par- ies at Athens, Rhys Townsend has played a central role ticipation, Ms. Sturgeon has been involved in setting the course of the School as it enters a new with the School’s teaching, excavation, and millennium. From the hiring of personnel, to the selec- research programs for many years. She at- tion of students, to the awarding of fellowships, to the tended the Summer Session in 1967, was a preparation of the budget, to the oversight of publica- Regular Member in 1968–70, and has spent tions, and much else, the Managing Committee and its several years in Athens during her career, committees work on behalf of the School. As its Chair, including a term as Whitehead Professor and through his engagement with these committees, in 1998–99, where she gave a seminar on the Board of Trustees, and everyone in Athens, Rhys “The Context of Greek and Roman Sculp- demonstrated the commitment and brought the energy ture.” She worked on the excavations at Photo: C. Watkinson necessary to move these endeavors forward through a Nichoria and at Ancient Corinth, where Rhys Townsend number of challenges. she was secretary-curator in 1971–72. Re- The School’s system of governance depends on those turning to Greece each summer to pursue who volunteer to serve. During his term as Chair, Rhys sought to strengthen the research projects at Corinth, Isthmia, and School’s academic programs, and to support its excavations and its interactions with Stymphalos, Ms. Sturgeon is a regular lec- the Greek archaeological community and other foreign schools. The School’s stand- turer at the ASCSA Summer Sessions. ing in all these areas is in no small part a testament to Rhys’ dedication to advancing Ms. Sturgeon brings to her new posi- the mission of this great institution. tion experience in the administration of As he undertook his work as Chair, Rhys repeatedly expressed his appreciation for American institutions abroad, having twice the caliber of the School’s staff and its committee members. As turnabout is fair play, served as Professor-in-Charge at the Inter- I’d like to express my appreciation for his so willingly, devotedly, and ably taking up collegiate Center for Classical Studies in the burden of Managing Committee Chair for the past five years. Rome. Ms. Sturgeon received her B.A. in clas- — Carla M. Antonaccio, Secretary, ASCSA Managing Committee sics from the University of Minnesota and

 ASCSA Staff, Committee Appointments Confirmed

A full slate at the 2007 January and May of ákoue.) The endorsements were subse- in 2007. Appointments confirmed in Janu- meetings of the ASCSA Managing Commit- quently ratified by institutional vote. ary were Curtis N. Runnels (Department tee, which convened in San Diego and New Also confirmed in May was the ap- of Archaeology), as a second representa- York City, respectively, included appoint- pointment of William Caraher (Univer- tive for Boston University; Harriet Blitzer ments to a number of key staff positions. sity of North Dakota) as Rhys Carpenter (Department of Fine Arts), to represent In January, the Managing Committee ap- Faculty Fellow for 2007–08, and of Fred- Buffalo State College, a new cooperating proved the appointment of Barbara Barletta erick A. Cooper (University of Minnesota) institution; Paul D. Scotton (Department (University of Florida) and Kirk Ormand and Gerald V. Lalonde (Grinnell College) of Classics), to represent new cooperating (Oberlin College) as Whitehead Visiting as Gertrude Smith Professors for 2008. institution California State University, Long Professors and Floyd McCoy (University Mr. Caraher, an Associate Member of the Beach; Mireille M. Lee (Department of Clas- of Hawaii) as Malcolm Wiener Visiting Re- School from 2001 to 2003 and holder of the sics and Art), as a second representative search Professor, for academic year 2007– Jacob Hirsch and Doreen Canaday Spitzer for Macalester College; Robert A. Seelinger 08. The appointment of Mary C. Sturgeon fellowships, is currently co-director of the (Department of Classics), to represent and Peter Krentz as, respectively, Chair and Pyla-Koutsopetria Archaeological Project new cooperating institution Westminster Vice Chair of the Managing Committee for on Cyprus. Mr. Cooper, a Managing Com- College; Ortwin Knorr (Classical Studies a five-year term, beginning May 18, 2007 mittee member, was the School’s Mellon Program), Scott H. Pike (Department of (see accompanying article) was discussed Professor from 1982 to 1985 and previ- Environmental and Earth Sciences), and and endorsed, with the endorsement sub- ously led a Summer Session in 1978. Mr. Ann M. Nicgorski (Department of Art sequently ratified by a vote of Managing Lalonde has served on several committees and Art History), to represent Willamette Committee institutions. of the Managing Committee, to which he University, a new cooperating institution; Ms. Barletta, a Managing Committee was appointed in 1985, and has spent sig- Thomas F. Strasser (Department of Art and member since 1991, was a Regular Mem- nificant time in Greece and at the School Art History), to represent new cooperat- ber at the School in 1977–78, an Associate over the years. ing institution Providence College; and Member in 1980, and an NEH Senior Re- The Managing Committee also wel- Susan Kirkpatrick Smith (Department search Fellow in 2003, and on ten separate comed more than a dozen new members continued on page 10 occasions has spent part of the summer as a visiting Senior Associate Member. She is currently at work on two book projects, one on the Athena Temple at Sounion and Friedland Joins Board of Trustees the other on the temples of western Greece, The appointment of Paul D. Friedland to the and will offer a seminar on fifth-century ASCSA Board of Trustees was confirmed at the Greek temples. Mr. Ormand, also a Manag- School’s May 2007 Board meeting. ing Committee member, participated in an Mr. Friedland, a partner in the international ASCSA Summer Session in 1988 and has law firm White & Case, is co-head of the firm’s made several trips to Greece, most recently International Arbitration Practice Group. He has in January 2006, as leader of a 17-day stu- served as counsel and arbitrator in numerous dent trip with a focus on Mycenaean sites. international arbitrations, principally involving Currently at work on a book on marriage the oil and gas, power, telecommunications, and and aristocracy in Hesiod’s Catalogue of construction sectors. Women, he will teach a seminar on material Among his professional positions, Mr. Fried- and literary evidence for sexuality. Mr. Mc- land is chairman of the American Arbitration Coy was previously Senior Research Associ- Association’s Conflict Management Practice ate at the Wiener Laboratory in 1999–2000. Committee and a member of the AAA Board of A member of the Managing Committee, he Directors. He is a member of the London Court currently serves on the Committee on the of International Arbitration. He serves on the Wiener Laboratory. Executive Committee of the Institute for Transnational Arbitration, and the Board of In May, the Managing Committee en- Trustees and Arbitration Committee of the U.S. Council for International Business, dorsed the reappointment of Wiener Labo- and is international editor of the World Arbitration and Mediation Reporter. He is ratory Director Sherry Fox to a three-year also a member of the College of Commercial Arbitrators. term, beginning July 1, 2008, and of School Mr. Friedland is the author of numerous works on international arbitration and Secretary Robert Bridges to a two-year term, international law topics, including Arbitration Clauses for International Contracts (2d beginning July 1, 2007. Also endorsed was ed. 2007). the appointment of Margaret Miles, Profes- An ancient history major at Yale University, from which he received a B.A. in sor of Art History and Classics at the Uni- 1976, Mr. Friedland was a Regular Member of the School in 1976–77. He holds a versity of California, Irvine, as Andrew W. J.D. from Columbia Law School, where he was an Editor of the Law Review, a James Mellon Professor of Classical Studies, for Kent Scholar, and a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar, and is a member of the New York a three-year term beginning July 1, 2008. State and Paris Bars. (Ms. Miles will be profiled in a future issue

 2006 Agora Excavations Break New Ground

Excavations Director John McK. Camp II summarizes work done in the Athenian Agora during the 2006 excavation season and offers some preliminary conclusions. This work was made possible through the cooperation of the 1st Ephoreia of the Ministry of Culture and the col- laboration and support of the Packard Humanities Institute and Randolph-Macon College.

In the course of the previous winter, three of the four modern buildings acquired in recent years were demolished. Excavation in one of the new plots was begun in the 2006 season as part of Section BH. Oth- erwise, efforts were concentrated on two areas excavated last year: northwest of the Agora and in the old excavations at the southwest corner of the square. In Section Γ, south of the tholos, we continued to explore the remains of the building often identified as the Strategei- on, or office of the generals. The discov- ery last year of a hoard of about 400 silver tetradrachms (ákoue, Winter/Spring 2006, No. 55) threw more doubt on that iden- Photo: C. Mauzy tification, already called into question by Coarse-ware cooking pot containing skeletal remains of a fetus. the discovery years ago of a pyre in the building. thick layer composed of almost nothing but was found at a slightly lower level. The big The work here was supervised by Laura marble working chips, of the sort found late drain running along the east side of the Gawlinski, assisted by Joanna Hobratschk overlying most of the “State Prison,” which road was also more fully exposed. It shows and Amanda Reiterman. Excavations this also may be better understood as a com- signs of repeated repairs, with a variety of season concentrated on the eastern half of mercial building. Pottery found in the fill materials used to cover the actual channel, the building and were very productive, es- beneath the floor levels confirms a date in including amphoras and wall-tiles. Some of pecially in terms of architecture. The west- the first half of the fifth century B.C. for the amphoras date to the fifth century A.D., ern half, explored last year, was cut into the the original construction of the building. as do a pair of intact lamps, including one base of the Kolonos Agoraios hill, leaving Deep in this fill we found the articulated, with a Christian cross. virtually no floor fills and only the slightest tightly flexed skeleton of a mid-sized, ar- East of the road, we reached depths suf- traces of interior walls. The eastern half, by thritic dog. ficient to bring to light earlier walls. Some contrast, had deep fills to be investigated, In Section BZ, Matt McCallum, assist- of these seem to indicate that the Classi- and considerable new information about ed by Jen Poppel, was responsible for the cal commercial building investigated to the the plan of the building emerged. Three north-south road and buildings to the west, south several years ago continued this far new crosswalls were encountered, along while Marcie Handler, assisted by Chris north. with a stretch of the wall that separates the Young, excavated the buildings along the Within what should be a room of the eastern rooms from the rest of the building. east side of the road. building, we recovered two more pyres bur- While the exterior walls are made of large West of the road we excavated in vari- ied beneath the floors. One, with a coin ashlar blocks of poros, the interior walls are ous fills. Removing the bottom of a large associated, seemed to date to the early third of small fieldstones, set in clay, some 0.40 round tile-floored cistern, we came down century B.C., while the other, found lower to 0.45 m. wide, resting on shallow foun- on a smaller one, immediately below. From down, seems only slightly earlier. They in- dations some 0.60 m. wide. In addition, the pottery, both seem to date to the tenth crease the number of pyres found in this several terracotta drains were recovered; century A.D. and later. Further west, we building to 10, by far the largest single these carried water eastward through the excavated fills alongside a large water line concentration from anywhere in the Agora. east wall of the building to empty into the associated with the bath in use in the area Their purpose and meaning are still being great drain. The mixed construction of the in the second and third centuries A.D., studied by Susan Rotroff. Further north, walls and the drains leading out of individ- and closer to the road we cleared more of where we cleared along a substantial wall ual rooms are both paralleled in the com- a pebble mosaic floor, which should be Hel- of poros blocks, we recovered two silver mercial buildings being excavated behind lenistic in date. Deep down to the north we drachmas. Just to the south we exposed the Painted Stoa in Sections BZ and BE and uncovered what seems to be yet another what looks like the upper part of a col- add weight to the accumulating evidence pyre of early Hellenistic date. lapsed cistern; presumably Hellenistic in that we should interpret the building as Within the road itself, we cleared more date, its full excavation will be undertaken commercial, either public or private, rather of the late water channels. A second full this year. Behind the building we recovered than as an official public office building. In section of the lead pipe was exposed, a fair amount of Hellenistic pottery and one of the northern rooms we encountered measuring—like the first—2.10 m. long. from Early Roman levels around the build- a patch of plaster floor and beneath that a A second lead pipe, of smaller diameter, continued on page 8

 Development News Major Donations 2006–07 We are honored to recognize the generos- Donors Rise to Annual Appeal ity of the following institutions, founda- tions, and individuals who have contrib- Challenge uted $20,000 or more in this past fiscal We are pleased to announce that more year (July 1, 2006–June 31, 2007) to the than $500,000 was raised in response to Annual Appeal or to various programs and the School’s 2006–2007 Annual Appeal. projects of the School, including the Agora, Boosting the value of Annual Appeal con- Blegen Library, Corinth Excavations, Fel- tributions was a generous challenge gift lowships, Gennadius Library, Publications, from Doreen Spitzer, Trustee Emerita and and Wiener Laboratory: Chairman of the Friends of the ASCSA, who Alapis S.A. matched all unrestricted donations dollar Alpha Bank for dollar, up to $250,000. The funds raised Arete Foundation were applied directly to the operating costs Mr. and Mrs. Ted Athanassiades of the School in Athens. Many thanks to all Council of American Overseas of you who participated in this fund drive! Research Centers The School is extremely fortunate to have Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd E. Cotsen so many generous friends. Mr. and Mrs. Henry P. Davis The 2007–2008 Annual Appeal began General Manager Pantelis Panos hand- Getty Foundation on October 1 with a letter from Doreen ing over the keys to a new truck to Greek Ministry of Culture [European Union, Guy Sanders, Director of the Corinth Spitzer mailed to our list of 2,300 friends. Third Information Society Program] Excavations. The truck was a generous Joukowsky Family Foundation Although we will not have a major match- donation to the School for Corinth from Katherine M. Keene ing grant to spur us this year, Doreen’s chal- Kosmocar through Gennadeion Trustee Samuel H. Kress Foundation lenge is to increase the number of gifts, Lana Mandilas. Hunter Lewis and thus our base of annual support, to at Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. McCabe least 450, as well as to exceed the $250,000 appointed to chair a Master Planning Com- Mr. and Mrs. James R. McCredie raised as a match in the last appeal. Andrew W. Mellon Foundation mittee, comprising Managing Committee Mr. and Mrs. Nassos Michas Department of Education Grant members, Trustees, and School staff, tasked National Endowment for the Humanities Received with conducting a study of School facili- James H. Ottaway, Jr. ties and to make some recommendations Packard Humanities Institute The School was recently awarded a four- regarding space allocation and renovations. Randolph Macon College year grant for around $366,000 from the The School has engaged the services of the Mr. and Mrs. Petros K. Sabatacakis Department of Education competition architectural firm ofK . Kyriakides and As- Alexandra Shear for American Overseas Research Centers sociates to assist with the study. Julia L. Shear (AORC) to support annual operating costs It is anticipated that the School’s Capital T. Leslie Shear of maintaining the School’s outstanding Campaign goals will include major funding Doreen Canaday Spitzer postgraduate academic program and facili- for building renovations and some possible Studiosus Foundation ties in Greece. These funds will relieve the new construction to expand and enhance Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation Charles K. Williams II operating budget of over $91,000 annually, the academic and research facilities, as well Mr. and Mrs. Alexander E. Zagoreos covering portions of salaries, library acqui- as to upgrade and expand Loring Hall and sitions, and the lecture series. the Annex. Increasing the endowment to provide a stronger base of predictable rev- 2007 Clean Monday Fête Benefits Capital Campaign Preparations enue for staff salaries and benefits and to Gennadeion Underway support academic initiatives is also critical For the seventh consecutive year, the The ASCSA has retained Campbell & for the future of the institution. Friends of the Gennadius Library hosted Company, a national consulting firm to The campaign for the School will also a Clean Monday celebration in New York nonprofit organizations and institutions, include a significant fundraising target for City in February 2007 to raise funds for the to assist in the initial stages of the School’s the Gennadius Library. The Gennadius Library’s operations and programs. Nearly capital campaign planning. William R. Board will spearhead that part of the cam- 100 supporters joined the festivities at Esti- Hausman, senior vice president of the firm, paign, with the coordination of the overall atorio Milos, where they dined on specially visited the School’s Princeton office early in campaign overseen by the School’s Prince­ prepared Lenten dishes and enjoyed tradi- 2007 and traveled to Athens and Corinth ton office. The goals for the Gennadius tional musical entertainment by Gregoris in March to meet with department heads Library campaign include the renovation Maninakis and the Mikrokosmos Ensem- and to tour School facilities. Mr. Hausman of the Gennadeion’s West Wing and en- ble. The event raised more than $31,000, presented his initial assessment of fundrais- dowment for key staff positions, book ac- which will support storage facilities for the ing resources and needs at the May 2007 quisitions, collections, conservation, and Gennadeion’s Special Collections. meeting of the School’s Board of Trustees. preservation, publications, scholarly and In conjunction with these efforts, Board public programs, and maintenance of the Member Charles K. Williams, II has been building and grounds. continued on page 10

 Corinth Excavations Enter New Phase

Although we were all excited by the dis- covery last summer of a Middle Geometric I grave containing a large sarcophagus and seventeen associated vessels, our most im- portant find in the 2006 season was a de- posit of destruction debris dating after the Mummian sack but before the establish- ment of the Roman Colony. This deposit contained imported Eastern Sigillata A of the first half of the first century B.C., loom weights, a mold for making “Linear Leaf” relief bowls, and a stamped Knidian am- phora. “Linear Leaf” bowls and amphoras bearing the same stamp are known from several other deposits at Corinth. They were formerly dated ca. 146 B.C. because the post-Mummian population of Corinth was considered to be residual and economi- cally underdeveloped. Now we understand Photo: I. Romano that the community supported at least one pottery workshop. We may now want to Beginning of work in the Nezi Field, southeast of the Forum, 2007. reconsider the evidence for post-Mummian Corinth and to assess just how prosperous used to excavate the post-Medieval cem- At present, a number of Ph.D. candidates and large the population was. We may also eteries in the area of Pietrie House in 1997 are working on Corinth material. They are want to reconsider the degrees of cultural and in the Panayia Field in later seasons. Amelia Brown (U. of California at Berke- continuity and change with the establish- Although the methodology does not give ley), focusing on Late Antique Corinth; Ja- ment of the Roman colony. the satisfaction of rapid movement from mieson Donati, (IFA, NYU), Peloponnesian In the 2007 season we finished up work later through earlier deposits, it does en- Agoras; Sarah James (U. Texas, Austin) in the Panayia Field. In mid-May, we found sure that single phases of occupation can Hellenistic pottery; Theodora Kopestonsky a deposit of 25 miniature vessels and a be understood over a larger rather than a (SUNY Buffalo), terracotta figurines; Sarah burnt stick in a shallow pit. This lay under smaller extent. Lepinski (Bryn Mawr), Roman wall paint- the only tiny fragment of the Hellenistic In the Nezi Field we have opened an ing; Jeremy Ott (IFA, NYU), Late Antique surface level to have survived successive area of about 150 m2. We do not have to burials; Apostolakis Papafotiou (U. Ath- Roman building programs. This surface excavate the same contexts in arbitrary job ens), the Lechaion Basilica; David Scahill was the pebble-and-mortar floor of a long lots over several years and record them in (U. Bath), the South Stoa; Harriet White building otherwise only preserved by its several different notebooks. Also, we need (U. Sheffield), Byzantine glaze and ceram- foundations and five wall blocks of the to deal with and understand material cul- ics; and Angela Ziskowski (Bryn Mawr), north wall. It was oriented east-west, fac- ture belonging to only a limited chrono- Archaic Corinth. ing south, and consists of three pairs of logical span at any one time. When a phase In other recent developments at the rooms. Each pair has a smaller rectangular is finished, it is ready for post-excavation Corinth Excavations, a donation of 30,000 antechamber on the south side and a larger study and publication while the next phase euros was received from a German educa- square room to the north. The western suite is tackled. This system is ideal for the cre- tional tours company, Studiosus, for site contained a deep cellar entered by a flight ation of a site-wide Harris matrix. Hard- consolidation. This donation enabled us of steps cut from an upended block leaned copy context records are keyboarded into to apply Gunite to the baulks defining the against one corner. When the cellar was the database every day. When the material Panayia Field excavations in preparation abandoned it was back-filled with earth culture is read this data is added to the re- for back-filling certain areas. A private do- containing quantities of later-third-century cord along with images, inventory, and con- nation enabled work to be done cleaning B.C. pottery. The larger room of the middle servation notes. To date we have completed and back-filling old trenches in the area of suite perhaps contained a wine press. Its the latest Frankish phase (early fourteenth the Forum and to provide new roofs for the pebble-and-mortar floor fragment sloped century) and are working on the better- old structures protecting the mosaic floors from east down to west and the lower part preserved mid-thirteenth-century phase. in the same area. Mr. Graham Elliott, on of a dipping basin, made from the same We have also been cleaning and excavating behalf of Slipform Engineering and Excel- materials as the floor, was preserved near part of the area to the north opened during sior Hotels International, generously made the middle of the room. Mr. Robinson’s term as director between a long-term loan of a newly refurbished Our new focus of excavation is in the 1959 and 1965. When we have finished Topcon Electronic Total Station, tripod, “Nezi Field,” located to the south of the reassessing his notebooks and material cul- and prism. e South Stoa. Here we have introduced the ture, we hope to publish a report of these — Guy D.R. Sanders single-context, open-area methodology old excavations. Director, Corinth Excavations

 ASCSA “Digital Initiatives” Development Well Underway

Substantial progress has been made since century Dragoumis archives), all the Corinth Press S.A., one of the largest companies in the last issue of ákoue was published in archaeological notebooks, and a sample of Greece, and RACTI (Research Academic the implementation of two parallel grants the contents of John Gennadius’s scrap- Computer Technology Institute), a well- received in June 2006: an award of al- books—together an amazing resource for known academic institution. Each of these most $300,000 from the Andrew W. Mel- studying the cultural and social history of organizations has a strong involvement in lon Foundation for the organization and Greece. cultural preservation policy initiatives in development of the School’s information After complex contract negotiations Greece and elsewhere in Europe. In March resources; and a €700,000 grant for the masterminded by ASCSA General Man- 2007, Mr. Staples and his team prepared digitization of archival materials, received ager Pantelis Panos, a successful bid was technical specifications for content and from the Greek Ministry of Culture under received from a consortium of Lambrakis continued on page 16 the Information Society program of the Eu- ropean Union. The purpose of the Mellon Foundation grant is threefold: to develop a Agora Excavations continued from page 5 prototype digital library capable of storing and presenting archaeological as well as ing we recovered many more fragments of the corner of one room we had a coarse- textual materials; to redesign the School’s terracotta figurines and masks. East of the ware cooking pot with the skeletal remains website; and to create a “coordinated ser- building we also excavated archaic layers of a fetus of about 32 weeks, also buried vice model” for the Blegen and Gennadius at elevations higher than floor levels within beneath the floor. This is the second such Libraries in which collection development the Classical building, suggesting that it internment found in the Byzantine settle- and technical services work in an efficient was set into a slightly rising slope. ment north of the river, and may be the and complementary way. The purpose of Section BH was excavated under the accepted manner of disposing of such re- the EU grant is to scan a large body of pho- supervision of Anne McCabe, assisted by mains in this period. Two wells were ex- tographs and documents from the School’s Matt Baumann. The section was expanded cavated to a depth of 2 to 3 m. Both are collections, and catalog them for presenta- to the east, following the demolition of the lined in the upper part with stones, and tion online. modern building at the corner of St. Philip’s with proper well-tiles lower down. Both and Hastings Street the previous winter, seem to have been used in the Byzantine Digital Library Development and we began at a level beneath the modern period; it is not yet clear if either was in To develop a prototype digital library, the basement floor. In a relatively small area earlier use. A large stone-lined pit was ex- School has been fortunate to secure the we had an abundance of features: walls, cavated down to a very hard-packed surface assistance of Thornton Staples, Director pithoi, pits, a burial, and two wells. Gener- that seems to have served as its floor. In its of Digital Library Research and Develop- ally what we recovered seemed to date to northwest quadrant, the pit incorporated ment at the University of Virginia. Since the period familiar to us from the adjacent a poros block that rests on this same sur- late 2006, Mr. Staples has facilitated three areas: most of the material should date to face. From the orientation and elevation it workshops in Athens, working closely the years around 1000 A.D. For the most seems possible that the block and perhaps with an Information Architecture Team part we excavated beneath the floor levels the surface can be associated with the east- (IAT) composed of four ASCSA informa- of the buildings, presumably houses. Large ern part of the Stoa Poikile, just within its tion specialists: Tarek Elemam, the School’s pithoi were encountered, both stone-lined north wall, though far more excavation will Information Systems and Technology Man- and mortared pits and large ceramic ves- be necessary before this hypothesis can be e ager; Bruce Hartzler from the Agora; James sels, set with their mouths at floor level. In confirmed. Herbst from Corinth; and Carol Stein from the Publications Office. The close interaction during these work- shops between staff intimately familiar with the School’s work and a leading North American specialist in humanities comput- ing should enable the ASCSA to develop a powerful framework for digital scholarship. A prototype repository for storing and pre- senting mixed archaeological and histori- cal collections online is being developed, and sophisticated searching of the School’s electronic resources will soon be possible. Thanks to the parallel EU grant, these electronic resources will include digitized versions of over 150,000 photographs (most from Corinth), at least 3,000 let- ters and other archival documents (es- Photo: C. Mauzy pecially from the 19th- and early-20th- Hellenistic pottery recovered east of the north-south road, Section BZ.

 Student Reports was living in Persia as the personal physi- Early Iron Age Cretan cian to King Artaxerxes II and the royal Burials family. When he returned to Cnidos in 398/97 B.C., he used the information he Melissa Eaby gathered while at the Persian court to com- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill pose a history of Persia in 23 books and a monograph on India, which was the first With the assistance of an off-campus dis- full work ever produced on the subject. sertation fellowship from the University of Although neither the Indika nor the Persika North Carolina at Chapel Hill, I was able have survived in their original form, a sub- to spend the 2006-07 academic year as a stantial number of fragments transmitted Student Associate Member of the ASCSA. by later authors enable us to reconstruct The focus of this academic year was in com- the content and nature of Ctesias’ work. pleting work on my dissertation, entitled Since antiquity, Ctesias has been much Photo: D. Haggis “Mortuary Variability in Early Iron Age Cre- maligned as a historian for his tendency to tan Burials.” As part of my research, I have Melissa Eaby excavating the Early Iron romanticize and embellish historical mate- Age tholos at Azoria. catalogued over 1,200 Early Iron Age (c. rial. He credulously relates tales of heroic 1200–700 B.C.) tombs found in the vicinity figures without seeming to question the of approximately 122 modern villages or there was no record of the exact location veracity of the stories or the reliability of towns on the island. While a certain stan- of the tomb or whether it remained visible his sources. This is especially true of the dardization of funerary practices is observ- and intact. I thus spent many a day climb- Assyriaka, the first six books of the Per- able in many areas of the mainland during ing a mountain in search of some remnant sika devoted to the Assyrian and Median this period, a high level of variability can of a previously excavated tomb – always hegemonies. He tends to accept as fact the be observed in the Cretan burials; for ex- climbing a mountain, since in this period legends he heard while traveling with the ample, both inhumation and cremation, tombs tended to be placed inconveniently king throughout the empire. When dealing as well as single and multiple burial, were on a mountain slope, in association with with events closer to his own day, he dis- practiced on the island during this period. their “inaccessible” settlements. Some days plays a frustrating inclination to focus on In addition, no fewer than 13 distinct tomb I was pleasantly surprised, quickly find- the intrigues of the court rather than on the types were used for burial. An analysis of ing the tombs I sought, while on others I important political issues of the time. variation in features such as architecture, either got hopelessly lost or found nothing Because of his failure to satisfy modern burial assemblages, method of interment, but goats. Regardless, my experience as a historical methodology, Ctesias has been, date, location, orientation, and associated Student Associate Member was very posi- until recently, mostly undermined by mod- settlement type provides significant new tive, and I must thank the American School ern scholarship. However, this disregard evidence regarding the extent of cultural for enabling me to conduct my research in for Ctesias’ work grossly underestimates diversity present on Crete during the Early such a variety of surroundings. his importance as a source for the Ancient Iron Age. Furthermore, clear patterns of Near East as well as the impact he had on mortuary regionalism are visible on the is- ddd later literary genres. His narrative is often loosely based on facts that can be discerned land; the presence of these distinct mortuary A New Perspective on regions appears to have been influenced by in Eastern sources. Furthermore, his work factors such as previous tradition in a region, Ctesias of Cnidos gives modern scholars an idea of how peo- landscape, settlement type, social-political ple in the Near East may have viewed their organization, and cultural identity. Andrew Nichols own history. In addition to research conducted in the University of Florida In his Indika Ctesias seems to enter the Philip Lockhart Fellow, 2006–07 Blegen Library, I was also able to spend time realm of the absurd. Neither the Greeks nor at the Institute for Aegean Prehistory Study the Persians were familiar with India; thus, India naturally appealed to the ancient imag- Center for East Crete (INSTAP-SCEC) and During my year at the School, I was able ination. Although Ctesias unquestioningly to travel to many sites on the island in to advance work on my dissertation, en- transmits information on such seemingly search of “old tombs.” Having found “my titled “The Fragments of Ctesias of Cnidos: absurd wonders as the martichora and the very own” Early Iron Age tholos tomb the A Translation and Commentary with an tribe of the dog-headed people, he offers a previous summer while working for the Introduction.” A full text of the surviving glimpse into how the Greeks and Persians Azoria Project excavations, I was even more works of the Greek historian Ctesias in viewed this distant land before the con- eager to search for the remains of tombs English will be accompanied by commen- quests of Alexander. Furthermore, careful that I had catalogued in my dissertation. I tary devoted primarily to matters of histori- examination of the Indika shows that many wanted to observe on site as many tombs cal interpretation as well as to problems of of these marvels may have a basis in reality. as possible in order to better understand textual tradition. A study on Ctesias’ meth- For instance, it is widely accepted that his their architectural features and location odology and sources, as well as his impact description of the unicorn is simply a distor- within the landscape. A large number of on later authors, introduces the work. tion of the Indian rhinoceros. these tombs were excavated 50 to 100 In the last quarter of the fifth century years ago, and in the majority of cases, B.C., Ctesias, a Greek doctor from Cnidos, continued on page 12

 Development News Staff, Committee Appointments continued from page 6 continued from page 4

of Geography and Anthropology), repre- A $44,000 grant from the senting Kennesaw State University, also a Samuel H. Kress Founda- new cooperating institution. In May, the tion supported a collabora- Committee confirmed the appointment of tive exhibition of the works Christopher Ratté (Department of Classics) of Piet de Jong, organized by University of Michigan, transferring his the Agora Excavations and membership in the Committee from New the Benaki Museum with York University; Barbara Hayden and Ann the cooperation of the Min- Brownlee (both Mediterranean Section) as istry of Culture. Mounted at additional representatives for the Univer- the Benaki Museum Annexe sity of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeol- from November 13, 2006 ogy and Anthropology; Thomas Tartaron through early January 2007 (Department of Classical Studies) as ad- and curated by John K. Papa- ditional representative for the University Photo: L. Kourgiantakis, Benaki Museum dopoulos of UCLA (pictured of Pennsylvania, in accordance with the with Ambassador Charles Ries), the exhibition, entitled The Art of Antiquity: Piet recently modified regulations; NicholasK . de Jong and the Athenian Agora, drew nearly 8,000 visitors. Rauh (Department of Foreign Languages and Literature) to represent new cooper- ating institution Purdue University; Laura NEH Funding Awarded Katherine wrote a charming account of her Gawlinski (Department of Archaeology and year at the School in the Fall 2006 issue Classics), Wilfrid Laurier University, as ad- The School has received a $258,000 grant of ákoue. from the National Endowment for the Hu- ditional representative from the consortium manities to support fellowships for senior Richard Howland Bequest with the University of Waterloo; and Dan- scholars at the School for a three-year pe- iella Widdows (Department of Classics), riod (2009–2011). The grant will enable The School Archives has received the pa- Hampden-Sydney College, to replace C. the School to fund two to four scholars pers and photographs of Trustee Richard H. Wayne Tucker, who is retiring and becomes annually for research at the School for a Howland relating to the ASCSA. Mr. How- a non-voting member. five- to ten-month period. We have been land also made the ASCSA the beneficiary The results of voting for the following fortunate to have received NEH support for of a life insurance policy. In recognition committee appointments were announced this program consistently since 1995. of his deep interest in historic preserva- subsequent to the May meeting: Com- tion, the Board of Trustees has approved mittee on Admissions and Fellowships, Shear Fellowship Endowment that this bequest be used as a starter fund 2007–11, Sandra Blakely (Emory Univer- Completed (quasi-endowment) in Richard Howland’s sity); Committee on the Blegen Library, name for the preservation of records in the 2007–11, Camilla MacKay (Bryn Mawr Thanks to the generosity of Professor T. School Archives. College) and Christopher Pfaff (Florida Leslie Shear, Jr., daughters Julia Shear and State University); Committee on Commit- Alexandra Shear, and other contributors, a Annual Reports 2001–2002 tees, 2007–09, Ellen Perry (College of the School fellowship named for the late Ione through 2005–2006 Holy Cross) and Bonna Wescoat (Emory Mylonas Shear has been fully endowed. University); Excavation and Survey Com- The fellowship is designated for an As- A major effort went into the production of a long overdue 121st through 125th An- mittee, 2007–12, Michael Hoff (University sociate Member conducting research in of Nebraska) and Aleydis Van de Moortel Mycenaean archaeology, Athenian archi- nual Reports of the activities of the School for the period from 2001–2002 through (University of Tennessee); Executive Com- tecture/archaeology, or Aegean prehistory mittee, 2007–11, Carol Lawton (Lawrence and was awarded for the first time in the 2005–2006. Almost every department of the School participated in providing and/or University) and Margaret Miles (University 2006–07 academic year, to Marcie D. Han- of California, Irvine); Committee on the dler (University of Cincinnati). proofing information for the report, which was published in October 2007. Sally Fay Gennadius Library, 2007–11, Effie Atha- Bequests collated the information and wrote the nassopoulos (University of Nebraska-Lin- text, while Mary Jane Gavenda created coln), John Papadopoulos (University of Recent bequests to the School include: the design and layout. The aim was to cre- California at Los Angeles), and Michael Toumazou (Davidson College); Commit- Bequest of Katherine Babbitt ate a handsome report that could serve as tee on Personnel, 2007–12, Ann Steiner We received notification in November 2007 a recent summary of School activities for (Franklin & Marshall College); Committee that Katherine Babbitt passed away at the fundraising and the Capital Campaign ef- on Publications, 2007–12, Jodi Magness age of 93, leaving the ASCSA 5% of her fort. It was mailed to the Friends of the (University of North Carolina at Chapel estate in her will. She was the daughter of ASCSA, major donors, and foundations, Hill); and Committee on the Summer Ses- Frank Cole Babbitt, Professor of Greek at with extra copies available for potential sions, 2007–11, Daniel Levine (University Trinity College, who was appointed Visit- donors and other interested individuals of Arkansas). e ing Professor at the ASCSA in 1931–32. or organizations. e

10 Publications News

The year 2007 marked 75 years since the the fourth-century bronze krater discov- first publication of Hesperia, and volume ered in 1962 just east of Thessaloniki, has 76 featured a number of special essays. The received a publication subvention from the first of the quarterly issues contained an ex- Archaeological Institute of America, and tended editorial surveying the history of the the first four books in the series will be journal and trends in classical scholarship, subsidized by a grant of $73,000 received in and also an article by Jack L. Davis, Director April 2007 from the Getty Foundation. of the School, on “The Birth of Hesperia: A ddd View from the Archives.” Six other articles Two books (The Road System of Ancient covered a range of archaeological, art his- Athens, by Leda Costaki, and An Architec- torical, and epigraphic topics. At 244 pages, tural History of Minoan Crete, by John C. it was also one of the largest numbers of the McEnroe) were accepted in 2007 and a journal ever published and reflects a major number of first or revised submissions are Worker making roof tiles. Still from the effort by Editor Tracey Cullen and Produc- under review. Eight manuscripts are at vari- movie Triumph over Time. tion Manager Sarah George Figueira. Hes- ous stages of production under the expert peria is reaching a wide audience in print supervision of Carol Stein, Managing Edi- Books presented at the AIA/APA meetings: and electronically: online usage statistics tor, and her colleagues Michael Fitzgerald supplied by JSTOR (the electronic journal Between Venice and Istanbul: Colonial Land- and Timothy Wardell, and five books were archive founded by the Mellon Foundation) scapes in Early Modern Greece, edited launched at the AIA/APA meetings in Janu- show that individuals at 1,681 institutions by S. Davies and J. L. Davis (Hesperia ary 2008. A volume particularly worthy of from 73 countries worldwide have viewed Suppl. 40) note is The Neolithic Pottery from Lerna, by or printed articles from the journal, and that, Constructions of Childhood in Greek and Ro- K. D. Vitelli. This presents important in- in 2006 alone, 90% of Hesperia articles in man Antiquity, edited by A. Cohen and J. sights into prehistoric ceramic technology JSTOR were accessed. B. Rutter (Hesperia Suppl. 41) based on the large body of sherds recovered ddd The Neolithic Pottery from Lerna (Lerna 5), by J. L. Caskey’s excavations from 1952 to by K. D. Vitelli 1958. As the fifth in the Lerna series, the The Derveni Krater: Masterpiece of Classical book is a tribute to the perseverance of a Greek Metalwork (Ancient Art and Archi- small group of scholars dedicated to com- tecture in Context I), by B. Barr-Sharrar pletely documenting this important site. Sandy Pylos: An Archaeological History from The publication has been made possible Nestor to Navarino, edited by Jack L. Da- by the generosity of James H. Ottaway Jr., vis, 2nd ed. Chairman of the Publications Committee of the Board of Trustees. Titles currently in production: ddd Roman Pottery: Fine-Ware Imports (Agora In a departure from the usual format of 32), by J. W. Hayes School publications, a movie about the Vessel Glass (Agora 34), by G. D. Weinberg American School entitled Triumph over and E. M. Stern Time was reissued in spring 2007, 60 years The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore: Ter- after its creation. An essay by ASCSA Ar- racotta Sculpture (Corinth 18.5), by N. chivist Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, describ- Bookidis ing how the 40-minute color documentary Theoroi and Initiates in Samothrace (Hespe- came to be made, has been produced in ria Suppl. 37), by N. M. Dimitrova booklet form; the booklet also contains a Fragmentary Decrees from the Athenian Agora, DVD copy of the film. In May, Ms. Vogeikoff by M. B. Walbank (Hesperia Suppl. 38) The Derveni Krater: Masterpiece of Classi- visited the United States and presented the Land of Sikyon: The Archaeology and His- cal Greek Metalwork, by Beryl Barr-Sharrar, movie to enthusiastic audiences of Manag- tory of a Greek City-State, by Y. Lolos published in January 2008, is the first book ing Committee members, Trustees, alumni, (Hesperia Suppl. 39) in a new series entitled “Ancient Art and and other friends of the School. A showing Archaeologies of Cult: Essays on Ritual and Architecture in Context.” Under the gen- in Washington, D.C. was made possible Cult in Crete, edited by A. L. D’Agata, A. eral editorship of Carol C. Mattusch of through the hospitality of Gregory Nagy, Van de Moortel, and M. B. Richardson George Mason University, the series aims to Director of the Harvard University Center (Hesperia Suppl. 42) illustrate how aesthetic study and contex- for Hellenic Studies, and was generously The Early Bronze Age Village on Tsoungiza tual investigation are complementary, and supported by the Press Office of the Em- Hill (NVAP 1), by D. J. Pullen indeed indivisible, tools for understanding bassy of Greece. Dimitri Gondicas, head of particular artifacts and monuments created the Program in Hellenic Studies at Princ- in the Greek world. As the title emphasizes, eton University, kindly hosted a New Jersey — Charles Watkinson the concept of “context” is central to this version of the event. Director of Publications project. The first book, a detailed study of ddd

11 Student Reports continued from page 9

Ctesias’ greatest impact, however, has been his influence on subsequent authors. The later development of romantic history and the novel owes a great debt to his work, while his Indika provided fuel for the sat- ire of Lucian. The legends of his Assyrian history continued to be recounted by later authors such as Laonikos Chalkokondyles. As the first westerner to describe the uni- corn, Ctesias has inspired the imagination of endless writers and artists from antiq- uity and the Middle Ages to the present day. His legacy of fantastic creatures can be traced in the works of Pliny the Elder, Aelian, John Mandeville, and Jorge Luis Borges—to name only a few. ddd Photos: A. Sowder Fourth-century B.C. bronze kalpis (Athens, National Archaeological Museum 18775, Greek Bronze Hydriai from Volos) and detail of the appliqué beneath the vertical handle.

Amy Sowder vassed the topic more broadly. The ques- survives. The Pesaro hydria and the associ- Emory University Samuel H. Kress Fellow, 2006–07 tions and suggestions stemming from these ated handles were all found in Italy, which presentations have been invaluable. suggests that the type was created there and During my fellowship year, my research that the motif resonated strongly with the Collecting, transporting, and storing water focused on issues of style, iconography, Italian audience. are fundamental concerns in every culture, and manufacture. Careful observation of The issue of function is complicated by no less so now than in antiquity. The name stylistic details has made it possible to successive phases of use. Archaeological, and form of the Greek water jar, or hydria, distinguish between vessels made in dif- literary, and epigraphical evidence attests was standardized as early as the Bronze Age. ferent places or, in some cases, to associate that hydriai also served as votives, prizes, Because the need for water jars spanned hydriai made in the same workshop. Icono- gifts, reserves of currency, ossuaries, and every socioeconomic class, hydriai were graphic preferences ranged from archaic grave goods. Inscriptions engraved onto produced in great quantity and in diverse animals and monsters to classical sirens at least 25 vessels and the contents depos- materials, from terracotta to bronze, silver, to mythological pairs in the Late Classical ited inside testify to at least one phase of and gold. Hydriai made of precious met- period. In the sixth century, oinochoai and use. Determining the ways in which the als have mostly vanished, but at least 450 tripods provide useful comparanda for the sculpted attachments impact the signifi- bronze examples survive, ranging from the sculpted decorations, while in the fourth cance of the hydriai in multiple contexts sixth to the fourth century B.C. Most were century, mirror covers offer fine parallels is also important. decorated elaborately, particularly where for the repoussé appliqués beneath the In the next phase of research, I will the three cast handles were attached to the vertical handles. In terms of manufacture, investigate the problem of value. I aim to body of the hammered vase. after the Archaic period, the rivets used to assess the economic and cultural worth of In my dissertation, I address the form, pin the handles to the body were replaced bronze hydriai specifically, framed by ter- function, and value of Greek bronze by solder. This evolution may have driven, racotta on one side and the precious metals hydriai. With the generous support of the in part, the change in approach to decora- on the other. An investigation of literary ASCSA and the Samuel H. Kress Foun- tion by adapting the shape and size of the references, pictorial representations, and dation, I was able to conduct research in ornamental attachments to better suit the key inscriptions will help to situate the Greece during the 2006–07 academic year. technical requirements. bronze vases. One of the great benefits of the fellowship Excavation has shown that bronze hy- My findings will have relevance to the was examining the hydriai first-hand in mu- driai were exported and imitated through- field of Greek art and archaeology well seums throughout Greece and in Bulgaria. out the Greek world. Mapping patterns of beyond an updated typology of bronze Nearly 100 of the surviving vessels are in distribution has helped to identify routes hydriai. The research will contribute to Greek museums; over 40 are in Athens. I of commerce and exchange. For example, the assessment of Greek bronze work, the presented my work at the School twice: in we can trace the motif of a warrior leading investigation of burial practices over an ex- December, I spoke about a group of early a pair of horses, from an exquisite hydria tended period, and the exploration of the Archaic bronze handles in preparation for in Pesaro, to a series of bronze handles movement of objects and ideas throughout the AIA meetings in San Diego; in April, I found in central Italy that belonged on a the ancient Mediterranean world. gave a Tea Talk at the School where I can- native Italian vessel shape that no longer continued on next page

12 Multidisciplinary Excavation Launches at Kenchreai

In June 2007, a new three-year phase of the remains of 30 subterranean chamber extensive exploration began at Kenchreai, tombs and several monumental buildings the eastern port of Corinth. This is the first that have been exposed by rampant looting systematic investigation of the site since the in recent decades. The study of the cemetery American School excavations in the 1960s so far has shed light on the funerary rituals, under the general direction of the late Robert artistic expression, and social structure of Scranton. Joseph L. Rife of Macalester Col- the local community, particularly during the lege (Wheeler Fellow 1995–96, Solow Fel- first through third centuries A.D., leading to low 2006) directs the large-scale excavation a fuller understanding of wall-painting, epi- in collaboration with Elena Korka, Director taphs, ceramic use, skeletal biology, and the of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities in activities of cremation and commemoration the Ministry of Culture, and with the full (Hesperia 76 (2007): 143–181). cooperation of the 37th Ephoreia at Ancient The Greek-American excavations in Corinth, as represented by Panayiota Kasi- 2007-09 will stay on the Koutsongila ridge mis and Vasilis Tassinos. This new project but move southward toward the harbor to at Kenchreai will build upon prior research connect with Scranton’s trenches at the base at the site and investigate previously unex- of the harbor’s north mole. The investigation plored buildings chiefly dating to the Roman of the cemetery will continue with the dual and Byzantine eras. goals of exploring the surface remains as- From 2002 to 2006, Mr. Rife directed the sociated with tombs and opening previously Photo courtesy J.L. Rife Kenchreai Cemetery Project (KCP), an in- unexcavated chambers. Concomitant ex- Leaders of the Greek-American Excava- terdisciplinary program of study, conserva- ploration further south will uncover build- tions at Kenchreai (2007–09) at the tion, and survey aiming to document and in- ings between the cemetery and the north Isthmia Museum on March 16, 2007 (left terpret the remains of cemeteries that ringed mole. This will create an excavated zone to right): Elena Korka, Joe Rife, Nikos the ancient harbor (http://www.macalester. that crosses the settlement’s northeastern Minos, Vasilis Tassinos, and Panayiota edu/classics/kenchreai/). The focus of the district, from the periphery to the heart of Kasimis. team’s work was the Koutsongila ridge, im- the Roman port-town. In this area, surface either a large peristyle or a precinct. mediately north of the harbor, which was the and geophysical surveys have revealed struc- The excavation is distinguished by its most prominent locale in the topography of tural remains that point to the existence of diverse personnel and interdisciplinary pro- the ancient settlement. KCP not only stud- dense townhouses, a possible monumental gram. Apart from Greek colleagues from the ied the geology of the coastal ridge, which wall (part of a circuit?), a possible church, staffs of the Directorate and the Ephoreia, has eroded since antiquity, but also recorded and a rectangular enclosure that resembles continued on page 13

Student Reports continued from previous page A Return to the Nymphs pears to be the remnants of a Stele shrine now tapped by a local farmer, the area is and its interpretation has become the heart still green even in August. An olive grove at Kokkinovrysi of my dissertation. has replaced the pasture, but Acrocorinth As the recipient of the Homer A. and still looms in the distance. The slightly rug- Theodora Kopestonsky Dorothy B. Thompson Fellowship for the ged setting seems appropriate for a shrine SUNY, Buffalo 2006–07 academic year, I spent many as it sits just outside the city walls near Homer A. and Dorothy B. Thompson Fellow, 2006–07 weeks visiting Corinth and Kokkinovrysi. an ancient road. Part of my dissertation Reading through the notebooks, I began will focus on placing this area in the ritual A discussion with Nancy Bookidis in the to reconstruct and interpret the area. The landscape of Corinth. From the environ- spring of 2006 opened my eyes to un- previous summer, I was privileged enough ment and the high percentage of groups of published material at Corinth in an area to visit the site with Professor Ronald dancing figurines in the terracotta figurine known as Kokkinovrysi. In 1961, a deposit Stroud, the first excavator, and to walk deposit, it seems clear that this shrine was of terracotta figurines had been unearthed around with him noting the changes in dedicated to the Nymphs. near the spring. Mainly consisting of hand- landscape. We walked past the Odeon, on I was allowed unparalleled access in the made circle dancing groups, dogs, birds, the terrace above the theater, down the road Corinth museum storerooms and the staff and mouldmade standing females holding towards Sikyon, until we came to the area was unbelievably supportive and helpful. a fruit and bird, the figurine deposit was just south of the Roman Villa where the The whole figurine deposit was spread on situated around a large stele which was excavations had taken place in the sixties. the tables so that the potmenders could buried beneath Hellenistic and Roman Not much can be seen now, but we still search for joins, many of which were found industrial areas. Also associated with the wandered around, pushing brush out of between lots thanks to their careful eyes. area were several small stone altars and a the way, looking for signs of the excava- During my “archive excavations,” I found thesauros. This area of Kokkinovrysi ap- tion. Although the Kokkinovrysi spring is continued on page 14

13 Student Reports continued from page 13 comparanda for my material with the ob- jects on the shelves and drawers. I could look at pieces side by side and see figu- rines from the same mould and connect the workshops of the Potters’ Quarter to the Kokkinovrysi figurines. Actually seeing the fingerprint of the coroplast on the back of a figurine brings to life the people behind the artifacts. By examining the figurines myself, I can even determine exactly how some of them were made. I have found traces of paint so that I can reconstruct the ancient appearance of a dancing group found al- most exclusively at Kokkinovrysi. I have begun to connect this shrine to the Nymphs with others throughout Greece. As I work through the material at Kokkinovrysi, I am grateful for the opportunity granted by the Photo: T. Kopestonsky School to continue my research and publish Kokkinovrysi figurine deposit spread out for close examination in the Corinth museum this little gem of a shrine. storerooms. ddd stratigraphical units is examined at the end fill in a gap in coroplastic production origi- Roman Coroplasts in the of each excavation season by trench super- nally identified by both Dorothy Thompson visors, I wanted to examine the contents and Clairève Grandjouan in their studies of Athenian Agora of the lots in order to assign more secure the Hellenistic and Late Roman terracotta dates to the contexts and retrieve fragments figurines from the Athenian Agora. Marcie Handler of uncatalogued figurines and molds that I ended my year as an Advanced Fellow University of Cincinnati Ione Mylonas Shear Fellow, 2006–07 were saved with the pottery. Between Oc- by delivering a paper at an international tober 2006 and February 2007, I examined conference on terracotta figurines in Izmir, the pottery from 95 pottery lots and re- Turkey in June, where I presented my pre- Thanks to the support of the American trieved over 1,400 fragments of figurines liminary observations about the figurines School of Classical Studies and the fam- and molds. The majority of the pottery lots and their contexts. In the next phase of ily of Dr. Ione Mylonas Shear, during the could be assigned to the late first and sec- my research, I will conduct a comprehen- 2006–07 academic year I was able to com- ond centuries A.D., and the association of sive examination of the iconography and plete the first phase of my dissertation the figurine fragments with molds and bone technical details of the 300 catalogued research on the production of Roman ter- tools indicated that the material was debris figurines, and will situate the output of racotta figurines in the Athenian Agora. I from a coroplast’s workshop. the coroplast’s workshop into the cultural split my time between the Stoa of Attalos Keeping the terracottas grouped by context of Athens during the first and sec- and the Blegen Library, and was able to con- context, I laid out the 1,400+ fragments ond centuries A.D. e clude my examination of the contexts of and spent a month examining the pieces the figurines while continuing to conduct and looking for joins. I added a total of research on craft production, workshop 125 figurines and molds to the catalogue, debris, the identification of coroplasts’ bringing the catalogue total to 300 figurine workshops, and the expression of identity fragments and 17 mold fragments. Finally, I in material culture. had to process the remaining 1,300 uncata- The basis for my dissertation is a group logued terracotta fragments. I re-counted of terracotta figurines and molds found dur- the fragments and wrote an account of the ing the 1994–2006 excavations on the east types of terracottas present in each context. side of a road leading out of the Agora at its I also took photographs of the groups of northwest corner. I spent the first few weeks fragments from each context. All of the data of the year reading through the excavation and photographs are stored in the Agora reports and notebooks on the excavations database. north of Hadrian Street, and compiled a list The figurine types in the workshop of pottery lots that were the contexts of the debris included Aphrodite Anadyomene, Photo by A. Sideris figurine and mold fragments. Silenos, Pan, life-size masks, animals, fig- Next, I examined the pottery lots. Al- Terracotta figurine of Pan (T 4694) from ured plaques, articulated arms and legs, the workshop debris. though the context pottery from individual and wheels. This new evidence helps to

14 School Director Bids Farewell

“It was the best of times, it was the worst • The completion of Cotsen Hall and of times.” These immortal words from the its dedication on January 24, 2005. opening of Charles Dickens’ A Tale of Two Lloyd and Margit Cotsen were enthu- Cities well encapsulate my experience as siastically thanked by us all and the Director of the School. President of the Republic, Constantine I took over in July 2002, less than a Stephanopoulos, honored us with his year after 9/11, and have guided the School presence. through a period of international tension. • The first-ever exhibition of the work of For two years life in Athens was marked the foreign schools, entitled “Foreign by almost-weekly demonstrations against Archaeological Institutions in Greece: the war in Iraq from downtown to the 160 Years of Cultural Cooperation.” American Embassy and beyond. (Now, although the international criticism of • A spring trip to Sicily in 2005 with Jim the United States continues, daily life in Sickinger; the first ever to Albania in Athens has calmed down; demonstrations 2006 with Jack Davis; and a first trip primarily focus at the moment on the state to Bulgaria in spring 2007, organized Photo: N. Dimitrova-Clinton of education here in Greece.) In addition, by Emil Nankov and John Oakley. Steve and June in Sofia, Bulgaria, where almost from the beginning, I was faced • The celebration of the 75th Anniversary Steve gave the inaugural Eugene Schuyler with problems created by an unfavorable of the Agora and the 125th Anniversary lecture in October 2006. dollar/euro exchange rate—for much of of the School. This nearly year-long cel- the time about $1.20 to the euro, falling to ebration began in January 2006 with As to the current state of the School and $1.36 as I write this. Sharply rising costs a joint APA/AIA session in Montreal, its future prospects, I can not do better than in Athens accompanied the loss in buy- continued in June with events at the close with excerpts from my remarks on ing power of the dollar. The consequence Agora and the School, and concluded June 16, 2006 at the celebration of the 125th for the School has been that budgets have on November 13, 2006 with an exhibi- anniversary of the School: “The School has been very tight. tion at the new Benaki Museum of artist maintained its central position as the place Still, the School is an incredibly vital Piet de Jong’s work for the School. to work for those from North America who are seriously pursuing study of the ancient place. Wonderfully intelligent and creative • Visiting the School’s projects each Mediterranean; at the same time, we have students come to us each year thanks to the summer, which taught me to appreci- been appropriately responsive to trends, hard work of the School’s Admissions and ate anew the extraordinary energy and whether it is the increasing importance Fellowship Committee and to the umbrella dedication it takes to run a project in of archaeological science to excavations of fellowships now in place. The oppor- the field. All these trips were special, (the Wiener Lab), the increasing interest tunity to travel around Greece with these but I particularly treasure the better in the postclassical periods in Greece (the students and to interact with them on a part of a day spent with Joe and Maria Gennadius Library), or the demands of the daily basis has been each year a source of Shaw in their workrooms in Pitsidia and digital age (a new IT department, on-line joy. I have been privileged also to have the at the site of Kommos. talents of an exceptionally fine academic catalogs, and computing lab, for examples). staff. In particular, I have appreciated and • The Open Meeting each March, which The genius of the School is that it reinvents benefited from the presence of Mellon Pro- allowed me to showcase to the Athenian itself annually, with new students and new fessors James Sickinger and John Oakley. community our excavations, surveys, professors. Mellon Professors come and These excellent students and colleagues student accomplishments, and publi- go, Directors come and go; but the School have made it, in ways that are fundamen- cations. On each occasion I invited a continues . . . We need only the leadership tally important, the best of times. senior member of the School staff to to provide direction, and the wisdom to A few highlights of my tenure: make a presentation: Guy Sanders, Jim separate what is truly important from what Sickinger, Maria Georgopoulou, John is merely trendy.” As long as the School • The opening of the new Kea Museum Camp, and John Oakley. my first weekend as Director, which concentrates its efforts, the one side of I attended with Miriam Caskey and Souidias Street on the ancient Mediter- trustee Lloyd Cotsen. The Present and Future ranean and the other on the postclassical areas supported by the Gennadeion, it will • An Olympic summer that, contrary to all Thanks to the hard work of all in Athens continue to fulfill its scholarly mission. the gloom-and-doom predictors, went and in the field, we have maintained excel- My wife, Professor June Allison, and I off without a hitch and with minimal lent relations with our Greek colleagues in will miss the many friends we have made disruption to the School’s programs. I the universities, in the government, and in in Greece as well as the feeling that Soui- was able to attend many events with the archaeological service. We appreciate dias 54 is home. It has been an honor and my family and we hosted at Loring Hall their cooperation and realize that political a privilege to have served for the past five Australian and Irish coaches and fami- pressures have not always made this easy years as Director of the School. e lies of athletes. for them. Stephen V. Tracy, April 2007

15 Conference on Athenian Pottery Draws International Crowd

A packed house filled Cotsen Hall March Alpha Bank generously sponsored the 28–30, 2007 for the international confer- conference. Opening remarks were made ence “Athenian Potters and Painters II.” by Mrs. Vivi Vasilopoulou, the General Di- Over 350 people attended the conference, rector of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage some of whom came from as far away as Ja- of the Ministry of Culture. Attending the pan and New Zealand. Thirty-three speak- conference as a special honorary guest was ers from eleven countries were featured, Erika Simon, Professor Emerita of Würz- fulfilling one of the goals of the conference, burg University; the proceedings of the which was to bring together a diverse group first “Athenian Potters and Painters” were of scholars who vary in age, nationality, dedicated to her and Sir John Boardman. It and the approaches they take to the study was announced in the opening ceremonies, of Greek vases. to great applause, that the proceedings of Athenian pottery was the most impor- “Athenian Potters and Painters II” are to be tant fine ware in the Mediterranean during dedicated to Professor Michalis Tiverios of the Archaic and Classical periods of ancient Photo by J. Allison the University of Thessaloniki. Greece and is the single most important Conference organizers Olga Palagia and Special events included a reception John Oakley flank honorary guest Mi- source by far of images of ancient Greek chalis Tiverios, to whom the conference in Loring Hall and a sit-down dinner for everyday life and mythology, as well as a proceedings will be dedicated. speakers at the Faculty Club of the Uni- crucial dating tool for Greek archaeolo- versity of Athens. The latter was arranged gists. New Athenian vases are constantly “Athenian Potters and Painters II” was by my co-organizer, Olga Palagia of the being found in excavations, and many new the follow-up to “Athenian Potters and University of Athens. This conference finds were presented at the conference. In- Painters,” the very successful conference was in every way a true Greek-American dividual sessions at the conference were held at the American School in 1994. The undertaking. e devoted to iconography, context pottery, rationale then, as now: what better place to shapes, trade, and potters, painters, and hold a conference on Athenian pottery than — John H. Oakley, Conference Co-organizer workshops. in Athens, where the pottery was made!

Digital Initiatives continued from page 8 metadata, and digitization began in May. and how to reduce the risk of problems. ciated with the ASCSA as a design consul- Nicolaos Gouraros, Business Development He has remained involved in meetings of tant since 1999 and has extensive experi- Director for Lambrakis Press and project the Information Resources Steering Com- ence in the online as well as print world. manager for the grant, has a background in mittee, the School’s management group for archaeology from the University of South- all aspects of the digital initiative. Development of Coordinated ampton, UK, and has demonstrated a clear Service Model for Libraries Website Redesign understanding of the Mellon team’s work. In spring 2007, two consultants were ap- At the time of writing, scanning is almost After three rounds of comments from many pointed to advise the School on collection complete and four online “educational constituents, face-to-face discussions be- development, including the proper care of modules” introducing the collections are tween staff, and conference calls between special collections, and on technical ser- in an advanced stage of development. Athens and Princeton, a final version (3.0) vices and IT workflow, including the orga- The creation and dissemination of elec- of the strategy document “Evolving the nization and training of staff. Don Skemer, tronic information not only presents tech- ASCSA Online” was agreed in February the collection development consultant, is nical challenges but also involves an ex- 2007 with MStoner, the consultant hired by Curator of Manuscripts, Rare Books, and panded understanding by all staff involved the School to redesign the ASCSA website. Special Collections at Princeton University. in the project of copyright and related legal This document presented an overview of Dilys Morris, the workflow consultant, was matters. On March 16 and 17, 2007 the IAT the structure of the site and its components Assistant Director for Technical Services at and other staff members met with Andrew and formed the basis for design and pro- Iowa State University for almost 20 years Bridges, partner at the San Francisco law gramming under the direction of Patrick before setting up her own consultancy firm of Winston and Strawn. Mr. Bridges DiMichele, MStoner’s lead designer. The company. Both consultants visited Athens was a member of the School and is now site finally launched first quarter 2008. over the summer and early fall and have a Trustee, as well as being one of North To assist other ASCSA staff in updating presented their reports. These are being America’s top experts in how intellectual the website and to ensure that it features discussed further by the Blegen and Gen- property law impacts the digital environ- fresh and authoritative content, the School nadius Library Committees. e ment. His “master class” was an extremely appointed in May 2007 a part-time Web useful primer in some of the legal issues Managing Editor, Mary Jane Gavenda. Ms. Charles Watkinson, Director of Publications the School will face in the digital realm, Gavenda is a great asset. She has been asso-

16 Kevin Andrews and His Years at the School (1947–1951) On the heels of the publication of a revised edition of Castles of the Morea, Kevin Andrews’ classic study of the Grimani codex, School Archivist Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan shares the following background on the author and his scholarship.

Closed during World War II, the Ameri- in praising Andrews’ personality and work can School resumed its activities in 1946, and was “heartily in favor of keeping him although no effort was made to secure stu- [Andrews] over there” (Carl W. Blegen to dents; in fact, the School discouraged the Louis Lord, March 14, 1948). attendance of any students for academic Two years later Andrews still remained year 1946–47. The academic program high in Blegen’s recommendations for Ful- was fully resumed in the following year bright grants, although this time he had (1947–48), when the School admitted five to compete against Miss Evelyn Harrison, students, including Kevin Andrews, Mabel an “unusually intelligent” student with Lang, and Hazel Palmer, all of whom left “clarity of mind” and “sound independent their imprint in the fields of classics and judgement.” Blegen ranked Andrews in sec- archaeology. Acting Director Oscar Broneer ond place for being “serious, intelligent, and Assistant to the Director Saul Weinberg and independent . . . has made considerable conducted most of the trips, although the progress . . . I think we ought to keep him trips to Northern Greece and to the inte- here for another year if possible” (Carl W. rior of the Peloponnese had to be omit- Blegen to Louis Lord, February 18, 1949). ted for safety reasons, as the country was In the next two years and with the School’s in complete chaos because of the Greek hearty support, Andrews received fund- Civil War. This dangerous situation, how- ing from the newly established Fulbright Getty Images ever, did not discourage one of the School Foundation in Greece, which allowed him Members, Kevin Andrews, from exploring Andrews in front of the Acrocorinth, 1950. to finish Castles of the Morea in 1951 and the entire Peloponnese; for Andrews had publish it soon after. e undertaken the publication of a Venetian Committee, Louis Lord, about granting a portfolio of plans of fortresses drawn up fellowship to Kevin Andrews for a second for Francesco Grimani, commander and year’s study in Greece: “I am very impressed “Reading” Pottery governor of the Morea. with Andrews’ attitude toward his work . . . The administrative records of the School Immediately upon his arrival in the fall he On many excavations, students often preserve several pieces of correspondence began to explore Athens itself and before a see the pottery “read” but do not always that show that Kevin Andrews had already week was over he had been to all the nearby understand how a pile of pottery dates a earned the esteem of his teachers from his sites and climbed the high mountains of At- deposit. For one week a month during first year at the American School. In 1948, tica . . . The subject he has chosen for study the 2006–07 academic year, the tables in Oscar Broneer wrote a strong recommen- is one for which he is well fitted” (March the Corinth Museum were taken over by dation letter to the Chair of the Managing 4, 1948). Carl Blegen also joined Broneer an explosion of vessels as Curator Ioulia Tzonou-Herbst conducted a seminar on Archaic pottery to help students become Kenchreai more familiar with the Corinth site’s col- continued from page 13 lection—shape, decoration, size, func- scholars and technicians from numerous in- which will be conducted under the direction tion, type, and, of course, dating were stitutions in North America and Europe will of Nikos Minos, Director of Conservation all discussed along with stylistic mo- lend their expertise. Students representing in the Ministry and in collaboration with tifs of each period and the evolution of a consortium of colleges and universities Florence Monier and specialists from the certain iconographic features. Pictured will participate in a field school and a par- Centre d’étude des peintures murales ro- here are Ioulia Tzonou-Herbst, with stu- allel educational program, coordinated by maines (C.N.R.S.) in Soissons. Finally, in dents Angela Ziskowski and Theodora Mireille M. Lee of Macalester College. In the conjunction with fieldwork, the team will Kopestonsky. field and the lab, team members will study continue to study discoveries in the area of Photo: B. A. Robinson the copious artifactual asssemblage (Melissa Kenchreai by previous investigators, includ- Morison, Susan Wise, Robert Weir); hu- ing Professor Scranton in the 1960s, archae- man, faunal, and botanical remains (Doug ologists for the Ephoreia since the 1970s, Ubelaker, David Reese, Evi Margaritis); the and the Eastern Korinthia Archaeological chemical composition of bones, mortar, and Survey in 2000-01. These ongoing investiga- painted plaster (Sandra Garvie-Lok, Claude tions will contribute to a sharper picture of Coupry, Arnaud Coutelas); taphonomy and Kenchreai’s regional context. coastal geology (Rick Dunn); and soil mi- Stay tuned for future reports! e cromorphology (Haris Zachariou and Takis Karkanas). Another important component — Joseph L. Rife in the program is site conservation, especial- Director, Kenchreai Excavations ly the stabilization of the chamber tombs,

17   9

May 16, 2007 Presentation of Triumph Over Time at Harvard University Center for Hel- lenic Studies, Washington, DC. Left to right: School Administrative Director Irene Bald Romano; President of the Hellenic Society Prometheas, Lefteris Karmiri; School Ar- chivist Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan; Spyros Pangalos, also from Prometheas; and Direc-  kai gegono  kai 9 tor of the Center for Hellenic Studies Greg Nagy. gegono

People & Places People Photo: C. Watkinson

Photo: J. Allison Photo: M.J. Gavenda June 15, 2007. At the exhibit Half a Century Agora Excavations Director John Camp (center) chats with Manag- on the Isthmus: A symposium to celebrate and ing Committee members Lee Ann Riccardi (College of New Jersey), reflect on over fifty years of excavation and and Kevin Daly (Bucknell University) at the May 11, 2007 recep- survey on the Isthmus of Corinth. Pictured tion for the Athens-Sparta exhibition at the Onassis Foundation. here, Betsy Gebhard and Tim Gregory, organizers of the symposium.

Photo: J. Davis Photo: C. Watkinson Corinth Excavations Architect James Retiring officers of the Managing Committee.Left to right: Jane Herbst and Agora Excavations Manager Carter, Carla Antonaccio, and Rhys Townsend received gifts from Craig Mauzy at the spring 2007 party for incoming Chair Mary Sturgeon. staff. 18 Photo: H. Coccagna Regular Members Shannan Stewart and Katie Swinford (both University of Cin- cinnati) with Sarah Davis knitting in Whitehead Professor Bonna Wescoat’s living room in West House.

A Close-Knit School Community Photo: M. Thomsen School Director Jack Davis visited the Mount Every year the residents of Loring Hall Regular Member Catherine Person on the Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project, tend to be preoccupied with one activ- Fall 2007 School trip to Olympia. which is under the auspices of the ASCSA, ity or another (in addition to all things in Summer 2007. He stands here with the ancient, of course.) As the partner of a Excavation Co-Director, David G. Romano. Regular Member, I came to Athens unsure of what jobs or volunteer experiences would fill my time, but I am delighted to report that one of the most gratifying jobs I had was to introduce a group of students to the art of knitting. After seeing me knit daily at tea time throughout the fall, a few students asked for a lesson, then a few more. By winter we had an informal, diverse group of almost 10 people. Projects created at Loring Hall through- out the year have ranged from felted bags and lacy scarves suitable for a fancy boutique to traditional cable sweaters and afghans with a modern twist. Un- derstanding a craft like knitting gives new appreciation to the thousands of ancient spindle whorls and loom weights we’ve see in museums across Greece and brought new excitement to the sight of a shepherdess in Turkey simultaneously tending her flock and knitting. — Sarah Davis Photo: C. Papanikolopoulos As part of the celebration for her 75th birthday at the INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, Prof. Gerry Gesell receives a water color of an LM III goddess from Kavousi by Doug Faulmann. With her are her good friends, Dick and Jeanette Sias, Prof. Jeff Soles, and Dr. Students at Fall 2007 trip to the recon- Athanasia Kanta. structed Neolithic village of Displio.

Photo: M. Thomsen

19 2 0 0 7 e i s s u e GennadeionGennadeion NewsNews A special insert to the newsletter of the american school of classical studies at athens

development news Chair Pledges $1 Million for Capital Campaign

ennadeion Board Chair Lloyd Cotsen Ghas pledged a chal- lenge grant of $1 million to be matched by fellow Trustees, as a first step in laying the ground- work for the Library’s second capital campaign, set to launch in 2008. Matching gifts and pledges of over $1 million have already been received. The campaign comes some ten years after the launch of the Library’s first campaign, which raised about $11 million towards renovations, expansion, and endowment. The new campaign will enable the Library to rebuild the West Wing and Main En- trance Court, the last remaining components of its building pro- Rare Books Acquired for Gennadeion gram; and raise endowment for operations and future growth. lthough the cost of pur- eighteenth-century Italian vel- The Thiepolo manuscript, pub- Campaign leadership is in the chasing rare books has lum with a morocco label, is the lished in 1618: an extremely rare hands of the Board’s Executive Areached heights beyond first edition of the larger of these, first (and only) edition. Committee, led by Mr. Cotsen; anything John Gennadius could both of which served as a proto- painted by the hand of St. Luke Catherine deG. Vanderpool, have ever anticipated, the Li- type for later guides. during the lifetime of the Virgin, President; Nassos Michas and brary occasionally manages to In another fortunate acquisi- this miracle-working icon—ac- Nicholas Bacopoulos, both Vice- spot a treasure within reach. tion, the Library has purchased cording to legend—was captured Chairs; and Alexander Zagoreos, Thanks to the sharp eye of Trattato dell’imagine della Glo- by the Venetians during the siege Secretary-Treasurer. The Trustees Librarian Irini Solomonidi, the riosa Vergine Dipinta da San of Constantinople in 1204 and are working closely with School Library recently acquired Vene- Luca, Conseruata già molti secoli thereafter brought to the city, leadership to coordinate the tia, città nobilissima et singolare, nella Ducal Chiesa di San Marco where it was venerated and be- Gennadeion campaign with that descritta in XIIII libri da M. Fran- della Città di Venetia, written by came a palladium in the Renais- planned for the School. cesco Sansovino, published by Monsignore Giovanni Thiepolo, Iacomo Sansovino in Venice in primicerius of the Basilica of San sance. Other News 1581. Francesco Sansovino was Marco, and published in Venice Both of the new acquisi- the son of renowned sculptor by Alessandro Polo in 1618. An tions are welcome additions to Gennadeion Trustees have donat- and architect Jacopo Sansovino, extremely rare first and only the Library’s growing collection ed and raised $175,000 towards designer of the Marciana Library edition, this monograph dis- of materials on Venice and the expenses associated with the in Venice, among much else. The cusses the icon of the Madonna Venetians, who played a key role Gennadeion capital campaign. younger Sansovino wrote two Nicopeia (Our Lady of Victory) in the history of Greece for many  guides to Venice; the Gennadei- now in the Basilica of San Marco centuries. e continued on page G2 on’s, an excellent copy bound in in Venice. Believed to have been G2 G E N N A D E I O N N E W S

Pausanias Explored by Exhibition and Symposium Annual Trustees’ Dinner The Trustees of the Genna- dius Library honored Peter ew ancient authors have  Brown, Philip and Beulah been as influential in In 2008, the Gennadius Library Rollins Professor of Histo- Fmodern classical scholar- will put online its Travelers’ Data- ry at Princeton University, ship as Pausanias, the second- base, a research tool based on the at their fifth annual Trust- century A.D. traveler whose Hel- Library’s famous “Geography and ees’ Dinner in Athens on lados Periegesis (Travels Through Travel” section of the collections. June 11, 2007. Over 200 Greece) has served for hundreds This database, the fruit of many people joined the Trust- of years as a point of reference years of work by Aliki Asvesta, ees for the presentation in for exploring the art, archaeol- indexes information from travel- Cotsen Hall followed by Honoree Peter Brown with Angeliki ogy, culture, and topography of Laiou, Harvard University and ers’ texts chronologically accord- dinner in the Gennadeion ancient Greece. To illuminate his member of the Academy of Athens. ing to book, place, monument, East Gardens. manifold contributions, in May occupation, and other subject Patron of this year’s event was Mr. Lavri Lavrentiadis and 2007 the Gennadius Library and the Lavrentiadis Group of Companies. Sponsors were the Public the National Hellenic Research headings, and offers scholars a Benefit Foundation Alexander S. Onassis, Mr. and Mrs. Theo- Foundation organized an exhi- historical panorama of travel lit- dore Samourkas, and the National Bank of Greece. bition, “Following Pausanias,” erature. Look to the School web- along with a three-day interna- site for more information, http:// tional symposium that focused www.ascsa.edu.gr/gennadius/ on the impact of Pausanias on EducationalPrograms. European thought. The Gennadeion exhibition, of which are now in the Genna- curated by Library Director deion collections. The exhibition Maria Georgopoulou and by put on display some 100 books, Aliki Asvesta, drew on its own including early editions of Pau- materials, much of it assembled sanias, as well as books by trav- by John Gennadius himself. For elers and scholars, manuscripts, many early travelers to Greece, maps, and engravings. Pausanias was indispensable in On view at the National Hel- their quest for the monuments lenic Research Foundation was a and the art of classical Greece. At the June 11 event, from left: Gennadius Library Trustee pendant exhibition. Curated by This tradition of travel is inti- Apostolos Doxiades, Board President Catherine Vanderpool, Konstantinos Staikos, the exhibit mately connected with the rise and event patron Lavri Lavrentiadis. displayed archaeological models of antiquarianism and the advent Photos: H. Akriviades from the Acropolis of Athens, of archaeological exploration in Delphi, and Olympia as well as the early modern period. It pro- rare editions of Pausanias and duced a wealth of manuscripts, other travelers to Greece. Both rare books, precious bindings, Development News exhibitions were accompanied archives, maps, engravings, and continued from page G1 by a catalogue in Greek and works of art about Greece, many English, Στα βήματα του Παυσα- The Fifth Annual Trustees’ Din- Chair Lloyd Cotsen donated νία. Η αναζήτηση της ελληνικής ner in Athens, celebrated on $25,000 towards covering ex- Gennadeion News pages are com- Αρχαιότητας and Following Pau- June 11, 2007, netted nearly penses of the Gennadeion Lec- piled by Gennadius Library Director sanias. The Quest for Greek Antiq- $60,000 to be applied to the ture Series and special events in Maria Georgopoulou, Librarian Irini Solomonidi, and Archivist Natalia uity, with many images from the capital campaign. 2006–07. Vogeikoff-Brogan, and edited by Library collections.   Catherine deG. Vanderpool, Presi- The project “Following Pau- The Library purchased special The Council for American dent of the Board of the Genna- sanias: The Quest for Greek shelving for its oversize rare Overseas Research Centers, with dius Library, and Sally Fay, Editorial Antiquity” was funded through Associate. books with $75,000 in proceeds funds donated by the Hellenic the “Open Doors—2nd Cycle” from the June 2006 Trustees’ Telecommunications Company This publication is produced semi­ Program of the National Hel- annually. Address all correspondence Dinner and 2007 Clean Monday (OTE), awarded the Library a lenic Research Foundation, with to Gennadeion News, ASCSA, 6–8 benefit in New York City and grant of $30,000 towards elec- expenses for the program shared Charlton St., Princeton, NJ 08540- several individual donors. tronic cataloguing of its rare 5232. Tel: (609) 683-0800 or e-mail: by the European Regional De- Greek periodicals. e [email protected]. This issue is repro- velopment Fund and by Greek  duced in color at: www.ascsa.edu.gr/ national participation. e publications/Akoue. G E N N A D E I O N N E W S G3

Lecture Series Covers Wide Range of Topics all aspects of Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Egypt and Petra, Mr. he Gennadeion Lec- Slobodan Gagos is director of an interna- ture Series for 2006–07 C´urc˘ic´ with tional digital consortium project, Tbrought some of the Library Di- the Advanced Papyrological world’s most distinguished schol- rector Maria Information System (APIS), ars to Cotsen Hall. Georgopoulou which seeks to make all papyrus and Antonis collection in North America and Speros Vryonis, Jr., Professor Papadimitriou, worldwide available on the Inter- Emeritus of New York University, President of net through electronic catalogu- inaugurated the series with “Μέ- the Onassis ing and digital imaging. ρες του 1955: τα Σεπτεμβριανά Foundation. και η καταστροφή της ελληνικής  κοινότητας της Πόλης” [Days of Byzantine icons were the fo- 1955: The Events of September Orthodox Cult of the Virgin on ogy at the University of Michi- cus of the lecture presented by and the Destruction of the Greek Tinos in the 1820s, and the im- gan, spoke on sixth-century A.D. Robert Nelson, Professor of the Community of Constantinople]. pact of the War of Independence papyri from Petra, particularly History of Art at Yale University, He focused on the pogrom that on relations between the island’s the 150 carbonized papyrus rolls in March. In “The Light of Icons took place in Istanbul on Sep- Catholics and Orthodox inhabit- discovered during the 1993–94 at Mount Sinai,” he explored the tember 6–7, 1955, two days of ants. The author of numerous excavations in the annex of a sources of light in the Church violence that virtually destroyed books, articles, essays, and re- sixth-century Byzantine basilica. of St. Catherine on Sinai as well the small Greek community that views focusing on the history of As he described, the papyri help as the use of religious icons in had remained in the city after modern Greece, Mr. Mazower’s address questions relating to the liturgy and as cult objects. Turkey defeated Greece in the most recent book, Salonica. City the social classes of the city, the He also introduced the exhibi- war of 1922. One of the most of Ghosts, was recently trans- nature of the economy, the role tion “Icons from Sinai” that he eminent Byzantinists of his gen- lated into Greek. A bestseller in of Petra within the Byzantine curated at the J. Paul Getty Mu- eration, Mr. Vryonis has worked Greece, the book’s success helps Empire, and the ethnic identity seum, exploring issues of display extensively on the history and account for the overflow audi- of the Nabataeans’ successors in and appreciation of powerful culture of the Greeks from Hom- ence that crammed into Cotsen the Byzantine period. In addition religious objects in the context er to the present, and on their Hall for his lecture. to his numerous publications on of a secular museum. e relations with the Slavic, Islamic,  and New Worlds. In co-sponsorship with the Alex-  ander S. Onassis Public Benefit Library Receives Donations of The year’s Walton Lecture was Foundation, in February the Books and Papers presented in January by Mark Library presented Slobodan C´urc˘ic´, Professor of Art and Mazower, Professor of History at everal generous donors prestigious Zosimaia School of Archaeology and Director of the Columbia University, who spoke have given books and Ioannina. The papers cover the Program in Hellenic Studies at on “The Virgin Mary and the papers from their private period 1919–1946. The history War of Independence: Religion Princeton University, who spoke S collections to the Library. Among section was also the recipient of on “Divine Light: Symbol and and Nationalism on Tinos in the these are several nineteenth-cen- books on Greek and Romanian Matter in Byzantine Art and Ar- 1820s.” Mr. Mazower discussed tury volumes on Greek grammar, twentieth-century history and chitecture.” Mr.C´urc˘ic´ explored the establishment of the Greek history, and literature, as well culture, thanks to Mr. Stavros how Byzantine architects and as Greek translations of French Deliyorgis. painters employed a common literature, given by Mrs. Georgia Adding to the collections symbolic language—expressed Tatsiramou. The Tatsiramou gift of Greek works in translation, in media as different as mosaic, will help enrich the Library’s sec- Mme. Sophia Prats, Ambassador fresco painting, and brick and tion on the history of the Greek of Chile to Greece, together with mortar—to convey the notion language, in particular the sec- the Director of the Center for of divine light in physical terms. tion on the science of language. Byzantine and Modern Greek A prolific writer on Byzantine The Library’s history section Studies of the University of art and architecture, Professor and archives were enhanced by a Chile, Professor Miguel Castillo C´urc˘ic´ has also trained numerous gift from Mrs. Julia Souli-Tsouri, Didier, donated the publications young scholars on the art history who gave several books with a of important Spanish translations of the medieval Balkans. special focus on Epirus as well of Greek literature, published  as Byzantine and Balkan history. by the “Centro de Estudios Bi- Turning to the world of late an- Ms. Souli-Tsouri also gave the zantinos y Neohelénicos Fotios tiquity, Traianos Gagos, Associ- Library the archives of her father, Malleros, Facultad de Filosofía ate Professor of Greek and Papy- Christos Soulis (1892–1951), y Humanidades, Universidad de rology, and Archivist of Papyrol- Mark Mazower who served as Director of the Chile.” e G4 G E N N A D E I O N N E W S

Mellon Fellow Prepares Mt. Athos Publication Trustees Visit Turkey Following their Ath- n important trove of Mr. Pavlikianov’s book are eight ens meeting in June material from Mt. Athos previously unknown documents 2007, members of the Anears publication, with dated to the period 1462–1527, Gennadius Library Kyrill Pavlikianov, professor 32 unpublished charters from Board traveled to of Classics at the University of the period 1600–1707, and three Istanbul and Edirne. Sofia, St. Clement, Ochrid, com- already known Byzantine acts Highlight of the trip pleting final stages of his re- of the period 1406–1421 that was their visit to search at the Gennadius Library pertain to the village of Lant- His All Holiness the with the support of the Mellon zos donated to Vatopedi by the Ecumenical Patriach Foundation. Serbian Despot John Uglješa in Bartholomew of the In early winter 2007, Mr. 1369–1371. Greek Orthodox Pavlikianov spent three months With the help of the Genna- Church, at the Patri- From left: (in background) Trustee Tod at the Gennadeion working deion collections, Mr. Pavliki- archate in Istanbul. Sedgwick; his daughter, Caroline; Helen on 73 documents kept in the anov was able to complete his The Trustees also vis- Milonas, wife of Trustee Leo Milonas; post-Byzantine archive of the research and to write a detailed ited the famed semi- the Patriarch. Monastery of Vatopedi on Mount history of Vatopedi for the pe- nary on the island of Halki in the Sea of Marmara, as well as Athos. The archives, soon to riod 1462–1707. His fellowship many other sites and monuments in the city itself and nearby be digitized by the National was funded by the Andrew W. Edirne (Adrianoupolis). Hellenic Research Foundation, Mellon Foundation as part of a contain important materials program co-sponsored with the on the history of the Balkans, Council of American Overseas including documents in Greek, Research Centers to provide Romanian, Turkish, and Slavic support for scholars from East- Research in Dragoumis Archives that pertain to areas well outside ern Europe to carry out research the Holy Mountain. Among the at major American overseas Bears Fruit items that will be included in centers. e ith the help of the the original name of the “Team Gennadeion Archives, of the Japanese,” are particu- WNanaki Sawayanagi, larly significant for her research, Conference Explores International the 2007 M. Alison Frantz Fel- since they include handwritten Library Collaborations low and Ph.D. candidate at New documents of the members and York University, is helping to correspondence. The Dragoumis ibrarians specializing in ians responsible for Modern reshape thinking about modern archives also include numerous Modern Greek Studies Greek resources from a number Greek history in the first years of files on activities of the party in Lmet for three days at the of major U.S. and Greek insti- the twentieth century. connection with the economic, Gennadius Library in December tutions. The papers have been Contrary to the prevailing military, refugee, emigrant, 2006 to explore the establish- published in volume 9 of “The view among scholars that disor- educational, ecclesiastical, and ment of transnational coopera- New Griffon.” e der and apathy were dominant Macedonian issues of the day. tion among libraries in Greece in the political arena of Greece Among the questions Ms. Saway- and North America. at the time, papers from states- anagi addresses in her thesis are Organized by the Consortium man Stefanos Dragoumis in the the reasons for the establishment of Hellenic Studies Librarians Archives show, according to Ms. of Dragoumis’ new party, the (CoHSL) and the Gennadius Sawayanagi, that he and his col- party goals, the new factors it Library, the “Modern Greek leagues had the will and energy brought into Greek politics, and Resources Project Meeting” dis- to radically improve Greek the party’s demise. cussed issues of bibliographic government and the political The Stefanos Dragoumis pa- control and access, indexing climate. pers are part of the Dragoumis contents of periodicals, reformat- During her year at the Gen- Family Archive that came to ting and digitization, and col- nadius Library, Ms. Sawayanagi the Gennadius Library in 1960, lection development as well as worked on her dissertation, en- donated by Philippos Dragou- resource sharing. In three round- titled “The Team of the Japanese mis. Together with those of his tables the foundations were set [Η Ομάδα των Ιαπώνων]: A son, Ion, they form one of the Keynote speaker James Simon, for further collaboration between Concept and Politics in Greece most important resources in the Director of International Re- academic libraries on both sides sources and Director of the Glob- (1906–1908),” the “Omada” Library for the history of twen- of the Atlantic. al Resources Network, Center for being the political party led by tieth-century Greece and the Among the participants were Research Libraries. Dragoumis. The papers of the Balkan peninsula. e bibliographers and system librar- Photo: Tina Zafeiropoulou “Third Party” [Τρίτον Κόμμα], Surveying the Cretan Landscape: The Galatas Survey Project Several years ago, Georgos Rethemiotakis, the excavator of the newly discovered Minoan palace at Galatas in central Crete, invited L. Vance Watrous (University of Buffalo) to direct a regional survey around the palace. Here, Project Director Watrous describes goals and achieve- ments as the project draws to a close.

During the summers of 2005, 2006, and 2007 the ASCSA-sponsored Galatas Survey Project, staffed by graduate students from U.S. universities and the Department of Archaeology at the University of Rethym- non in Crete, carried out an archaeologi- cal survey in the area, with the help of an epoptis from the KG Ephoreia, Popi Gala- naki. There are very few pleasures in life equal to walking across this majestic island landscape—one so heavily laden with Mi- noan, Greek, and Byzantine pasts—where we meet the “great-hearted” Cretans (mega- thumoi, Iliad I, 123) who disarm us with their warm-heartedness, their physical en- ergy and exuberance, and mixture of deep Christian humility and violent pride. We are indeed lucky to work on this land.

The project is meant to provide a region- Photo: V. Watrous al context to help better understand the The Galatas Survey Project team at the Early Iron Age refuge settlement of Karphi. function of the Minoan palace located in the center of our area at Galatas. Our practi- cal goal is to produce a series of chronologi- bronze swords) and the Iron Age polis at an intensified agricultural surplus that was cal maps of all sites in the region ranging Astritsi as well as an unexplained Roman consumed by elites who met at the palace in date from Late Neolithic (3500 B.C.) to tholos. as part of the Knossian effort to co-opt the Venetian/Ottoman periods (fourteenth to Our field work has clarified the pattern region into the territory of the expanding nineteenth century A.D.), which will allow of settlement around the Minoan palace at Knossian state. us to chart and explain the developing his- Galatas. The earliest known settlements After the destruction of the Galatas tory of local settlement. Every morning we in our area date to the Neolithic period. palace in Late Minoan I, local population divided into three teams of five members Protopalatial sites increase in number and in the area dropped, and by Late Minoan each that picked up all visible artifacts on size, and occupy different types of loca- IIIC was severely nucleated. This pattern the surface as they walked in line at 15- tions: some are on defensive locations; continues through the Geometric–Early meter intervals across well-defined tran- others, however, are established on prime Roman and Byzantine periods, although sects. At the end of each transect the team agricultural positions, near arable land and by the third century A.D. some small rural members bagged and tagged their artifacts, a source of water. Rethemiotakis found that farms and hamlets had been established. and a new transect was started. Field work at Galatas an ashlar palace was built by Only in the Venetian period, perhaps by ended in the mid-afternoon. Evenings we Knossian architects in the MM IIIA period. the thirteenth century A.D., is this pattern sorted, described, and dated the pottery Food debris indicate that the palace was reversed. During this period a communi- collected from the previous day. used for large-scale ceremonial banquets. cation network of stone-built fire towers During seven weeks of field work in At this same time the number of new sites were built on local mountain tops. After 2006 the project found or investigated 78 in our region nearly doubles, from 42 to 80, that, land use and settlement, especially new sites (Neolithic to the nineteenth cen- many of which are founded in a dense clus- around present-day villages, became more tury A.D.). Among our discoveries was a ter immediately surrounding Galatas. They intense. large Neolithic settlement with seven re- seem to have been deliberately established After three seasons of field work, the markably well preserved houses. We also as part of a network to support the palace. project has investigated a total number of found a massive cyclopean fortification wall Their location, number, architecture, and 172 sites in the region of Galatas. Last sum- on a major Minoan settlement at Sambas, a artifacts (i.e., querns and high proportions mer we returned to the Minoan settlement cave that produced Late Minoan I–III and of storage vessels) suggest that they played at Galatas and determined that the site grew Geometric finds, some of which—conical military, industrial, and agricultural roles. dramatically in size in the MM III–LM I cups, a pilgrim flask, fine ware vases, and Several of these sites may have been sec- period and possessed at least four massive a seashell—look like votives. We measured ondary collection centers, since they pos- cyclopean structures around its edges. We and mapped several settlements, including sessed impressive buildings constructed found that in contrast to the dispersed pat- Profitis Ilias (Archalochori) and its cave of cut limestone blocks and contained tern of settlement in the immediate area (which produced the famous Linear A many storage pithoi. This network of sites of the palace, Neopalatial sites several inscribed gold axes and some 50 Minoan seems to have been established to produce continued on page 23

20 Lapithos 1931: An Unofficial SA CSA Excavation in Cyprus In February 1931 Horace H.F. Jayne, di- Since 1931, archaeological research rector of the University of Pennsylvania on the Cypriot Bronze Age has flourished Museum in Philadelphia, gave Carl Blegen throughout the island, enabling us to place a message to take to Bert Hodge Hill in the discoveries at Lapithos into a radically Athens: would Hill be willing to under- different context than was possible at the take excavations in Cyprus on behalf of time. Long regarded as the “type site” for the Museum? the period, the Lapithos cemetery has, to Hill had been Director of the ASCSA for the contrary, now been shown to be unique 20 years but had left that position in 1926. in Cyprus by virtue of its size, richness in He had never been to Cyprus, but he ac- metal, elaborate ceramics, and complex cepted Jayne’s proposal with alacrity. tomb architecture and funerary rituals. With the deepening worldwide depres- The Minoan jar remains the earliest im- sion, 1931 seems a strange time for the port from the Aegean found in Cyprus or Museum to be undertaking new ventures. anywhere in the Near East. The fact that po- Already in that year, in the Near East alone, litical conditions since 1974 have imposed it was sponsoring four expeditions in Iraq, a moratorium on excavation in northern two in Iran, and one in Palestine. And while Cyprus further increases the importance interest in the “hellenic” antiquities of co- of reevaluating the site. lonial Cyprus was fairly strong in England, To this day, Cyprus straddles the Clas- the fanfare that had greeted the unveiling sical world and the Near East. The Penn- of the Cesnola Collection in New York in sylvania initiative of 1931 arose from the 1880 had long since passed. Cesnola’s claim University of Pennsylvania Museum cultural, ethnic, and emotional ties that that Cypriot art was “the key to the origin Bert Hodge Hill measuring portico have long bound the island to Greece and and development of Greek civilization” column: Sanctuary of Apollo, Kourion, thence to Europe. Yet geographically and Cyprus, December 1947 no longer found scholarly support. Yet the strategically, Cyprus belongs to the Near University Museum’s motive in approach- East. Informal ASCSA involvement in Cy- ing Hill and seeking a Cyprus expedition describing efforts to make the fireplace prus ended with the termination of the was specifically to build up its “classical” work more efficiently. Pennsylvania Kourion project in 1953: collections. The University Museum brought the when an American archaeological insti- After a brief visit to Cyprus to investi- Lapithos excavations to a close after that tute was eventually established in Cyprus gate possible sites, Hill selected Lapithos, one season. In the spring of 1934, still with in 1978, its founders came from the Ameri- on the north coast, because it promised the Hill as Director, it launched a new project can Schools of Oriental Research, not from broadest chronological range and was clos- at Kourion. the American School in Athens. e est to the comparative collections of the As the Pennsylvania Cyprus Expedi- Cyprus Museum. He assembled a staff of tion’s energies turned to Kourion, no pro- — Ellen Herscher (ASCSA 1969–70) three young ASCSA alumnae: Dorothy Han- vision was made for publishing Lapithos. 2006–07 Rodney S. Young Postdoctoral nah Cox (ASCSA 1922–23), Virginia Grace Although he was an excellent teacher and Fellow in Classical Archaeology (1927–28, 1930–31), and Lucy Talcott dedicated researcher, Hill had something of University of Pennsylvania Museum (1929–31). Ida Thallon Hill (1899–1901) a writer’s block when it came to publish- of Archaeology and Anthropology and Elizabeth (Mrs. Carl) Blegen (1922–23) ing; in fact, his notoriously poor record of provided assistance with cataloguing. publication was one factor in the ASCSA’s Lapithos was one of the largest and most decision in 1926 not to renew him for beautiful villages in Cyprus. The vast Early another term as the School’s Director. He and Middle Bronze Age necropolis called vaguely proposed to University Museum Vrysi tou Barba, on the coast below Lapithos Director Jayne that his three staff members, village, had long been known: most recent- Misses Cox, Talcott, and Grace, share the ly, in 1927, the Swedish Cyprus Expedition work of preparing the publication, but they had excavated 23 tombs there, as well as were all in Athens and the finds were in an additional 32 in Iron Age cemeteries on Philadelphia and Nicosia. The tomb con- the slopes around the village. taining the most important find, a Middle By the time the Pennsylvania excava- Minoan I bridge-spouted jar, was ultimately tions finally got under way in late Septem- published in 1940 by Miss Grace in the ber, winter was setting in. Over nearly three AJA, but no further study of the excava- months, Hill’s team excavated 38 Bronze tion results appeared until my dissertation Cyprus Museum, Nicosia Age tombs at Vrysi tou Barba, as well as 36 in 1978. During my year as the Rodney S. Middle Minoan I bridge-spouted jar from Geometric tombs in Lapithos village and Young Postdoctoral Fellow in Classical Ar- Lapithos Vrysi tou Barba tomb 806A, near the sea. Mrs. Hill’s diary comments chaeology at the University of Pennsylvania excavated by University of Pennsylvania repeatedly on the bitter cold and wind, and Museum, I worked on preparing the final Museum in 1931, the earliest Aegean import known from Cyprus. devotes a considerable amount of space to publication of the Bronze Age tombs.

21 Blegen Library News The departure of the Head Acquisitions. From April 2006 to Decem- of the Blegen Library was ber 2007 the Blegen Library acquired 2,869 announced at the Manag- volumes. ing Committee meetings in The Library has reinstituted the prac- January 2008. Charles E. tice of providing Acquisitions lists. Com- (“Chuck”) Jones joined the bined acquisitions lists of the partners in School in 2004 after many AMBROSIA are available online at http:// years of distinguished service www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/blegen- at the Oriental Institute of the library/newbooks, acquisitions lists for the University of Chicago. He is Blegen Library at http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/ moving on to take up the post of founding Head Librarian of Chuck with members of the Blegen staff at his index.php/blegen-library/acquisitions-lists. farewell party. The Blegen lists are also posted at the new the Institute for the Study of books shelf. the Ancient World (ISAW) at New York University. Mr. Jones introduced a number In addition to these, we have subscribed of important initiatives during his tenure at the School. Staff and members alike will to the American Council of Learned Societ- miss his calm and wise presence. ies Humanities E-Book Collection, which The search for a new Blegen Librarian is now well underway. Natalia Vogeikoff- gives us electronic access to several hundred Brogan is Acting Head, along with her Archives responsibilities, during the interim. important titles. A total of 1,321 records for these, representing some 1,400 volumes, resources familiar to North American us- ddd have also been added to AMBROSIA. ers. This makes research particularly dif- Coordinated Service Model. We have ddd ficult in scientific publications required made steady progress towards the Coordi- Online Resources. The Blegen continues to for the support of archaeological science nated Service Model (described in Blegen develop its collection of networked digital projects. We are working to join or devel- News, Fall 2006 ákoue; see also “Digital resources, both licensed and open access. op partnerships and consortia where the Initiatives” article in this issue). We have The basic list appears at http://www.ascsa. burden of the cost of such products might negotiated consultancies in collection as- edu.gr/index.php/blegen-library/Electronic- be shared. In the meantime we encourage sessment and technical and IT services Resources. Licensed products are avail- all users of the Blegen who have an affilia- workflow. The consultants have been iden- able within the IP domain, or remotely to tion with a North American institution to tified and this process will move forward members by means of the proxy server at inform themselves of the proxy access to swiftly this year. The purpose of the process http://apollo9.ascsa.edu.gr/blegen/proxy. the resources made available at their home is to improve the procedures we now use; htm. I have begun to integrate electronic institution. Among the newly accessible to increase the levels of efficiency; to unify resources into AMBROSIA, and all of cata- online resources is the American Council policies with respect to acquisition and the loguing staff is paying close attention to of Learned Societies Humanities E-Book use of the material as well as the question of including links to digital versions of (or Collection (mentioned above) and the full avoidance of duplication, and the physical documents relating to) print publications suite of JSTOR journals, for which we new location of some materials; and to improve we acquire. Because of its small size, the get a substantial discount as a consequence and promote access to all the collections of American School is not in position to li- of the terms negotiated by CAORC on be- the School. e cense very many of the large electronic half of its constituent members.

Wiener Lab News

The Wiener Laboratory Committee ap- of Chaironeia and the Agora baby well re- ner Laboratory Series). The supplement, pointed Floyd W. McCoy (University of Ha- visited”; and Britt Starkovich (University of consisting largely of about 20 papers from waii) 2007–08 Malcolm H. Wiener Visiting Arizona), who will examine dietary change recent colloquia, is being edited by Lynne Research Professor; his appointment was during the Upper Paleolithic at Klissoura Schepartz, Chryssi Bourbou, and myself, approved by the ASCSA Managing Com- Cave, Peloponnese, Greece. In addition, and is expected to be published in 2008. mittee in January 2007. While in residence, two travel grants earmarked for North Last, but certainly not least, the Wiener Dr. McCoy will pursue his research on the American scholars to assist in setting up Laboratory celebrated its 15th anniversary LBA eruption of Thera (Santorini). The archaeological science research projects in on June 2, 2007. Many thanks are due to Committee has also funded three research Greece were awarded to Ferenc Toth (Trent ASCSA Trustee Malcolm H. Wiener and associates: Paraskevi Tritsaroli (National University) and Susan Mentzer (University the Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation, Museum of Natural History in Paris), for of Arizona). without whose unwavering support the Lab her study of the transition from the Roman Work has progressed on an Hesperia would not exist! e to the early Byzantine period and its im- supplement, New Directions in the Skeletal — Sherry C. Fox pact on the living and dead society; Maria Biology of Greece, which will be the first in Wiener Laboratory Director Liston (University of Waterloo), for her a new series called OWLS (Occasional Wie- project, “Human remains from the Battle

22 Agora Conservation Laboratory Looks Back on 2006

In 2006 the Conservation Department of During the 2006 excavation our work the Agora Excavations accomplished its focused on the newly recovered artefacts. usual busy workload with the assistance Several finds of note that required special of several new staff members. Karen Lovén conservation attention included: a burial replaced Assistant Conservator Claudia in a cracked Byzantine cooking pot, which Chemello in May; after graduating with conservators helped recover from the field; an M.Sc. in conservation from the Uni- four pyres, together containing around versity of London in September 2005, she 50 miniature vessels that Conservation first worked as the conservator for a ma- is currently cleaning and reconstructing; rine archaeological excavation in Greece two corroded silver drachma coins treated before joining the Agora Conservation Lab during the excavation; and a small pot con- as a volunteer in January. Cherkea Howery taining a large iron nail as a lid. The pot joined the conservation team in August, oddly contained bird bones and is covered replacing Clare Pickersgill, now Assis- on the outside surface with inscribed letters tant Director of Archaeological Museums and red pigment. in Newcastle upon Tyne. Cher earned an For the identification of bones and M.A. in Mediterranean archaeology from botanical specimens, we drew on the ex- the University of Bristol, UK, in 2005. pertise of our colleagues from the Wiener Her main goal was to finish the re-hous- Laboratory. Maria Liston (University of Wa- ing and recording of the Agora’s ca.75,000 terloo) identified the human bones inside coins. We would also like to acknowledge Photo: A. Anastassiades the Byzantine pot as the skeleton of a 32- Chryssanthi Papadopoulou, an archaeol- week-old fetus. Archaeobotanist Evi Mar- Conservation intern Jessica Chloros sort- ogy Ph.D. student at King’s College, who ing miniature vessels from one of four garitis (Cambridge University) continues in recent years has been instrumental in pyres excavated in 2006. to analyze the charred remains discovered assisting with the coin move and organiz- on dishes from one of this season’s pyre ing our offprint files. finds, and Doreen Spitzer Fellow Thanos Our objective in the lab in early 2006 Mauzy recounting the history of the exca- Webb confirmed the bird bones found in was to finish the conservation treatment of vations and reconstruction of the Stoa. the inscribed pot belong to a chicken. all 2005 finds by April, before the start of the As always, throughout the year, the Altogether, the 2006 excavations following excavation season. We achieved conservation team assisted scholars from brought to light around 200 artefacts and our goal, apart from the silver hoard of around the world in accessing the arte- around 205 copper alloy coins of which around 400 tetradrachms, mentioned in facts of the Agora collections. Often this most had received conservation treatment the Winter/Spring 2006 issue of ákoue. A involved examining the items in question before the beginning of the 2007 excava- treatment strategy is being developed for to establish their condition, manufactur- tion season. e the silver tetradrachms by Head Conserva- ing techniques, or material composition. — Karen Lovén, Assistant Conservator tor Amandina Anastassiades and Assistant At other times, researchers requested ar- Conservator Karen Lovén. The aim is to tefacts be brought to the lab for stabiliza- Galatas Survey Project clarify the entire surface of the coins to en- tion, cleaning, and reconstruction. Over continued from page 20 able numismatist Irini Marathaki to carry the past years, conservators also played a out a die study, which may allow her to large role in preparing many of the ceramics kilometers away remained nucleated, a put the coins into a production sequence. to be included in John Hayes’ long-awaited sign perhaps of local resistance to Knos- In collaboration with the National Centre publication on the typology of imported sian intrusion. During the LM IIIC–Classi- for Scientific Research “Demokritos” we Roman pottery, Agora 32, due to be pub- cal periods settlement was concentrated on recently carried out preliminary analysis lished in 2008. a few defensible sites. Roman occupation of the corrosion products and the silver The Conservation Department hosted remained scarce during the first through alloy content on selected coins by x-ray three conservation interns in 2006. Sarah seventh centuries A.D., a pattern that con- fluorescence. Allen (University of Lincoln, UK) joined tinued through the Byzantine era. Only in In a pleasant change of pace, the Con- us for six weeks in late spring. During the the Venetian period did local settlement servation Department was involved in 2006 excavations eight-week internships rise substantially. The Venetian colonists designing and installing a temporary ex- were held by Jessica Chloros (University constructed a network of circular stone hibition of recent finds on the occasion of of Delaware) and Taryn Webb (Queen’s watch/fire towers (sorroi) throughout the 75th anniversary of the Agora Excava- University, Canada). We are grateful to the area; these towers were illustrated in tions and the 50th anniversary of the Stoa The Zibby Garnett Travelling Fellowship the Venetian maps of Crete published by of Attalos. The artefacts were on display for generously funding our UK intern, and Francesco Basilicata in 1630. Finally, fol- on the upper tier of the Stoa from June 15 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation for its lowing the transfer of populations in 1922, through September 15, 2006, as part of a generous support of the two North Ameri- many Anatolian Greeks were settled in our photographic exhibition prepared by Craig can students. area. e

23 Joins–Not Just for Epigraphers!

In November 2006, while working in the ries comparable remarks on sender, city of Gennadius Library, School Archivist Nata- origin, and date. lia Vogeikoff-Brogan told me that she had This news was soon communicated to a CD from Jack Davis at the University of Jack Davis, who commended my detec- Cincinnati. When I opened it, I found two tive work and explained that the envelope large files that appeared to be images of page had come up at a Thessaloniki stamp a self-enveloping letter and immediately auction. Having already consulted Natalia wrote Jack to ask what I was looking at. He about whether it would be worth “repatriat- replied that it was a scanned image of an ing” this item and its 1864 companion to item in his personal library—an envelope the Gennadeion, I could assure him that imprinted with the still-wet handwriting the Archives would indeed welcome the of a letter sent from Liverpool in 1861 to gift of these two letters. Heinrich Schliemann in St. Petersburg. He And so, in January 2007, both letters also mentioned that he had another letter arrived in Athens, still in the sleeves in to Schliemann, sent from London in 1864 which they had been sold. The second let- and forwarded to Naples. He hoped these ter turned out to be the missing half of BB items would be of some interest. Box 59, No. 303. It was written September Indeed they were. By scrutinizing and 12, 1864 by Henry Tiarks, a partner at the manipulating the image I had received, I merchant bankers J. Henry Schröder & Co. Drake, Kleinwort and Cohen to succeeded in picking out a date (January Schliemann, January 1861. in London (now doing business as Schrod- 18) and a sender – Drake, Kleinwort & ers PLC) and addressed to Schliemann in Cohen, a firm of merchants and bankers care of a firm in Leghorn (Livorno) that located in Liverpool, later known as Klein- 1960s for microfilming and rearrangement promptly forwarded it to another banker, wort Benson and now Dresdner Kleinwort. of its contents into files and boxes. It was Klentz, Stolte, & Wolff of Naples, thereby I also noticed that the text started in the perhaps during this interval that the enve- increasing its philatelic allure. middle of a sentence. lope half of the folio was deemed useless The new mystery is how these mutilat- Then, using the database of Schliemann’s and torn off; other incoming items received ed letters left the Gennadeion and ended correspondence under construction since the same treatment. The torn edge of the up in Thessaloniki to be rescued by the 2000, I came up with an exact match for envelope in the image looked like it ought School’s incoming director. As Jack Davis the mystery letter, an item catalogued as to match up perfectly with the torn edge of noted, both items bear notations in Italian Series BB Box 45, No. 76. This letter was Box 45, No. 76, while the image’s text did in —famoso archeologo—a fact that suggests originally two pages long, written on the fact correspond with page two of the item they may have traveled fairly far. Only time, recto and verso of one-half of a small folio in Box 45. The Russian writing across the and additional information, will tell. Who sheet once bound into a volume containing top of the back (envelope) page is further knows what is still to be found at manu- Schliemann’s incoming correspondence for evidence of Schliemann’s personal filing script dealers and stamp auctions? e 1861. Like all of the incoming letters, how- system; every intact incoming letter from —Stefanie A. H. Kennell, ever, that volume was taken apart in the his commercial years I have examined car- Special Research Archivist Examining Christian Desecration and Destruction John Pollini (University of Southern California), one of the Whitehead Visiting Research Professors for 2006–07, describes here the impact his year at the School has had on his current work.

Although I have been to Greece on a num- faculty, and staff and the opportunity to privileged to be able to participate in Bob ber of occasions, I have never had the op- make new acquaintances with Greek and Bridges’ fantastic journey through central portunity to spend an extended period of other scholars at the many foreign schools Anatolia during the spring term. time here, since as a student and scholar in Athens. I have enjoyed as well my many The many archaeological sites, monu- of Roman art and archaeology, I have been conversations and short excursions with ments, and museums that we visited during largely focused in my work on Rome and my good friend Olga Palagia and her won- the year provided me with an incredible Roman Italy. For this reason, I am partic- derful husband Eugene Ladopoulos. Re- amount of material evidence for my book ularly fortunate to have held one of the flecting back, I can truly say that this year project “Christian Destruction and Des- Whitehead professorships at the School this was an extraordinary experience. My only ecration of Images of Classical Antiquity: past year. I was delighted to have been able regret is that I was not able to organize a Studies in Religious Intolerance in the An- to participate in all of the extraordinary week-long trip to Libya for students and cient World.” Based on the thousands of fall trips that the School offers. Over the colleagues in the spring because of the remaining monuments that bear the scars course of the year I enjoyed the company recent problems in obtaining visas from of Christian mutilation and desecration, of and conversations with School students, the Libyan government. However, I was continued on next page

24 “All of us secured a selection”: W.B. Dinsmoor at the Perachoran Heraion In the framework of his work on the Heraion at Perachora, Thomas Patrick, the 2006–07 Macmillan-Rodewald Student of the British School at Athens, has come up with interesting results concerning the first exploration of the site of Perachora. As he says, the site “might have been excavated by the American School.”

Almost two decades before the sanctuary of here that it was common practice until the Hera Acraea on the Perachoran peninsula early twentieth century to pick up handfuls was identified and excavated by Humfry of pottery on one’s travels, unlike today, Payne, the site was unknowingly visited when such practice is strictly prohibited by William Bell Dinsmoor and others from by the Greek law. the American School. The area where digging for graves had In a diary entry for Sunday, 2nd July, thrown up pot-sherds can be located pre- 1911 (Corinth Field Notebook 69, pp 3–13), cisely from Dinsmoor’s description. Of the Dinsmoor describes how he and his wife, two large walls in this part of the site, the along with C.W. Blegen, A.C. Johnson, C. blocks of Payne’s “massive ashlar wall” bear Pharr, and two workmen, sailed from New precisely the required dimensions. Across Corinth and put in at a cove near the tip of the terrace to its west, Payne would later the peninsula. On gaining the lighthouse, excavate part of the rich deposit of pot- Photos courtesy T. Patrick a route which took them past several note- tery, bronzes, ivories, seal-stones, terracotta worthy ancient walls and rock-cut features, figurines, and other objects dedicated to Dinsmoor was persuaded by the light- the goddess Hera. Comparison of sherd “from Perachora” house-keeper to return to the valley above Dinsmoor and company proceeded to in the American School’s Antiquities Col- their landing place to see a “sarcophagus,” climb up to the church of Hagios Nikolaos, lection and published fragments from the Perachoran Heraion show a clear link. exposed by illicit digging. The sarcophagus which they imagined to be “the successor turned out to be a small, cement-lined tank, of Poseidon rather than of Hera Acraea.” Since there is no record of the pot-sherds which can only be the rectangular cistern There they ate lunch, before separating and having been deposited in the Corinth Mu- later cleared by Payne not far from his taking different routes across the lightly seum, I inquired of the Archivist at the Sanctuary of Hera Limenia. Dinsmoor con- wooded plain to the shore of Lake Vouli- American School whether they might be tinues, “East of this the search for graves agmeni. Between them they seem to have among the School’s sherd collection in Ath- had prospered, and we found great piles of happened upon many of the cisterns, deep ens. As it happened, the School’s collection beautiful little painted fragments, mostly shafts, and walls that were later to be in- did contain some seven hundred sherds early, and especially proto-Corinthian in vestigated by T.J. Dunbabin and R. Tomlin- for which nothing but the briefest prov- style. Mrs D. brought away a bag full, and son. Dinsmoor’s account is important for enance, “from Perachora,” was recorded. all of us secured a selection. The graves showing that ancient remains within and The seven hundred or so sherds are mostly themselves we did not see. They evidently around the Heraion had remained visible decorated fineware and some larger coarse- lie west of an ashlar poros wall which runs since antiquity, and for reaffirming Payne’s ware fragments. The fineware sherds are 16° E of N, and is composed of blocks .50m statement that the peninsula had been a continued on page 29 high and 1.03m long.” It must be noted fruitful hunting ground for tomb robbers.

Examining Christian Desecration continued from previous page as well as those artifacts and monuments bers of this neo-polytheistic movement, Blegen and Gennadius libraries were espe- that have not survived except in the literary from whom I learned of the many ways cially useful for this purpose. Being at the and epigraphic record, we can only now the Greek State and Orthodox Church of School also enabled me to meet and discuss imagine how much of ancient culture was Greece discriminate against attempts to re- my work with scholars and students at the completely destroyed by Christian intol- vive the very native religions of Greece that other foreign archaeological schools and erance and fanaticism. As a result of my inspired the past achievements and glories institutes in Athens. During the year I was studies, I will also reexamine in my book of Greek civilization. able to take quite a lot of notes, do some the question of patrimonial claims to an- I am particularly grateful to all of my writing, and amass a sizable bibliography tiquities made by modern Mediterranean colleagues at the School who led the trips on this subject. Thanks to fellowships from countries that are so different culturally and/or participated in them in some way. I the Guggenheim and ACLS, as well as the and religiously from those of the ancient am also much in debt to those students and College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences at the world. In modern Greece, which does not auditors who participated in my seminar on University of Southern California, I will be enjoy separation of Church and State, there Christian destruction and desecration, and able to do most of the actual writing and is a growing movement to legalize tradi- to scholars, both resident at the School and revisions of my book over the course of the tional polytheistic religion. While here, I visiting, who also pointed out and discussed following year. e was able to meet with some of the mem- further with me aspects of this subject. The

25 ‘Thin-Sectioning’ the Past: Amphora Production Technology and Trade during the Classical Period Elissavet Hitsiou (University of Sheffield), Wiener Laboratory Visiting Research Professor for 2006–07, reports on her productive year.

As Wiener Laboratory Visiting Research Professor, I was offered the opportunity to progress considerably in my research on the production and circulation of transport amphorae of the fifth century B.C. from the Alonnesos shipwreck in the Northern Spo- rades. In addition, during the second School trip to Northern Greece, I lectured on the prehistoric remains in the Volos Archaeo- logical Museum and at the Neolithic settle- ment of Dimini, in Thessaly. I also had the pleasure of reviewing an interesting article for Hesperia, which is now published. The seminar I offered, entitled “Pot- tery Studies, Material Science and Classi- cal Antiquity: A Changing Relationship,” had nine meetings. During the seminar we discussed past and present theoretical and methodological perspectives on the study Photo: S. Fox of ancient pottery, emphasizing the need for Students at the Wiener Laboratory during a pottery-making practical, part of Wiener integrated methodologies and the use of sci- Visiting Professor Elli Hitsiou’s winter seminar. entific techniques. In connection with this, Dr. Eleni Nodarou from the INSTAP East Crete Center, Dr. M.-C. Boileau from the ancient Greek poleis. To determine the pro- and perhaps in “competition.” On-going British School’s Fitch Laboratory, and I from duction technology and the possible prov- synthesis, also incorporating the analysis the Wiener Laboratory presented on-going enance of these containers, I carried out of modern clay samples for provenance and/or unpublished projects concerning pe- macroscopic examination of the amphorae currently in progress, will be presented at trographic analyses of Greek pottery from based on previously completed morpho- the 1st International Conference on “Wine historical periods. The students actively typological analysis. This was followed by in Ancient Greece and Cyprus” in Ikaria, participated throughout the seminars and petrographic analysis of 73 representative Greece, in September 2007. offered very positive feedback. The practi- ancient samples under the polarizing mi- It has been an honor to serve as the Wie- cal component of the seminars involved a croscope and, finally, by comparative petro- ner Laboratory Visiting Research Professor successful pottery-making workshop, intro- graphic analysis of 15 modern clay samples and I am grateful to the American School duced by the potter and sculptress Iosifina (fired at both 750° and 950°). I collected for this opportunity. e Kosma. During the same week, Mrs. Kosma these geological clays and soil samples exhibited her work (clay female figurines) from the Kassandra peninsula, Chalkidiki in the Blegen Library. This display was re- (where ancient Mende was located) and the Bequests and Planned Giving ceived very positively by the users and the island of Skopelos (ancient Peparethos). Pe- A planned gift is an important way to staff of the Library and the School. The sem- trographic characterization of the ancient help the School in the future. Naming inar ended with a two-day trip to Ancient material links the “Mendean” amphora the ASCSA to receive a percentage of Corinth for experimental work. Corinth samples with one major calcareous fabric your estate—even a small one—can Excavations Director Guy Sanders built a group (micaceous and sandy, with marly have a great impact on the School. In small ceramic kiln, which was loaded by carbonates and microfossils). Intra-group addition, percentages of life insurance the students with the pots they had made variation does exist, but it is due to textural policies, qualified retirement plans, during the pottery workshop. Our stay in and color differences (as a result of different and savings bonds can be transferred Corinth also involved collection of Corin- clay processing/mixing, different firing con- to the School via a simple beneficiary thian clays and visits to nearby kiln sites. ditions, and/or conditions of deposition) designation form. Your IRA or retire- The focal point of my research was the rather than composition. “Peparethan” am- ment plan may be the ideal asset to petrographic analysis of “Mendean” and phorae, on the other hand, are associated leave to the School. The School wel- “Peparethan” types of amphorae, compris- with two main fabric groups consisting of comes bequests of all sizes! You can ing the cargo of the late-fifth-century B.C. red-firing clays. “Coarse metamorphic” and designate it for a specific purpose or Alonnesos shipwreck. The ship, huge for its “fine siliceous with carbonate rocks” are the leave it unrestricted—often the most time, was sunk in the middle of the Aegean two dominant fabrics. The two “recipes” useful gift of all! Please contact Irene while transporting wine at a time when the may represent products of different am- Romano or Jane Goble in the Princeton Peloponnesian War was raging among the phora workshops operating simultaneously office for more information.

26 Broad Research Interests Characterize 2006–07 ASCSA Members Although members of the Class of 2006-07 came to Athens to pursue projects covering a wide variety of eras and subjects, they all share a high caliber of scholarship and a quest for knowledge. This year’s School Members (listed here along with their areas of research interest and fellowship, if any) will doubtless contribute fresh perspectives to their fields of study.

REGULAR MEMBERS Kristian L. Lorenzo Marie-Claire Beaulieu University of Wisconsin University of Texas at Austin Nicholas G. Blackwell Michael Jameson Fellow Paul Rehak Traveling Fellow Bryn Mawr College Ancient Greco-Roman urbanism; topography Polymetric Greek verse-inscriptions of the Hel- Interaction and trade in the Mediterranean in and architecture lenistic and Imperial periods the Late Bronze Age Andrew G. Nichols Amelia R. Brown Heide F. Broome-Raines University of Florida University of California, Berkeley Brown Unversity Philip Lockhart Fellow Edward Capps Fellow Martin Ostwald Fellow The fragments of Ctesias of Cnidos: A transla- Greek capital cities of the later Roman Empire Attic tragedy, Greek historiography, Cicero’s tion and commentary with an introduction Philosophica, modern Greek poetry Melissa A. Eaby Seth D. Pevnick University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Curt Jacob Butera University of California, Los Angeles Mortuary variability in Early Iron Age Cretan Duke University John Williams White Fellow burials James Rignall Wheeler Fellow Foreign potters and vase painters in 6th–5th Portrayal of citizen soldiers in Greek art century B.C. Athens Yuki Furuya University of Cincinnati Helene A. Coccagna Gregory P. Sears Anna C. and Oliver C. Colburn Fellow Johns Hopkins University Indiana University, Bloomington The examination of Cretan jewelry from the Lucy Shoe Meritt Fellow School Fellow Protopalatial and Neopalatial periods of the Material culture and iconography of Archaic Greek literature, biography and historical Minoan civilization for reflections of social and Classical Greece texts roles held by its wearers

Hallie M. Franks Shannan M. Stewart Marcie D. Handler Harvard University University of Cincinnati University of Cincinnati Bert Hodge Hill Fellow Taste and tradition at Hellenistic Gordion Ione Mylonas Shear Fellow Greek painting, royal iconography and court pa- Terracottas and the construction of identity in tronage of the arts in Early Hellenistic period Katherine M. Swinford early Roman Athens University of Cincinnati J. Matthew Harrington Fulbright Fellow Lydia A. Herring University of Michigan Classical archaeology, Greek religion, religious University of Michigan Mens Sana: Authorized emotions and the rituals in the ancient Greek household Roman household rituals construction of identity and deviance in the Saturae of Juvenal Erika E. Zimmermann Damer Jennifer Hirsh University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Princeton University Paul W. Keen Virginia Grace Fellow Cotsen Traveling Fellow University of Chicago Hellenistic and Augustan literature and society, Mediterranean modernity Heinrich Schliemann Fellow sexuality and gender, text and image Economic and social history of Archaic Greece; Angeliki Kokkinou Greek epigraphy and Greek interaction with STUDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Johns Hopkins University northwest Semitic cultures Poseidon in 5th century B.C. Attica Silviu Anghel Jeremy B. LaBuff Columbia University Theodora B. Kopestonsky University of Pennsylvania Oscar Broneer Traveling Fellow SUNY, Buffalo Thomas Day Seymour Fellow Burying the Gods: protecting statues from Homer A. & Dorothy B. Thompson Fellow Greek history, issues of continuity between the Christians in late antiquity Standing at the crossroads: terracotta figurines Classical and Hellenistic periods from the roadside shrine at Corinth Caitlin E. Barrett Aikaterini Ladianou Yale University Stella Kyrillidou Ohio State University Fulbright Fellow University of Reading UK School Fellow An analysis of terracotta figurines of Egyp- Wiener Laboratory Geoarchaeological Fellow The term Choreia in its poetic context tian and Egyptianizing gods from Hellenistic The geoarchaeology of the household: identifi- Delos cation, characterization and interpretation of Joshua Langseth domestic-type deposits and household-related University of Iowa activities from Neolithic settlements James and Mary Ottaway, Jr. Fellow continued on page 28 Greek literature and culture

27 2006–07 Members Žarko Tankosic´ Elissavet Hitsiou continued from previous page Indiana University–Bloomington Ph.D. University of Sheffield Jacob Hirsch Fellow Wiener Lab Visiting Research Professor Southern Euboea and northern Cyclades: An Petrographic research on Greek transport am- Jerolyn E. Morrison integrated analysis of the Final Neolithic and phorae of the Classical period from northern University of Houston Early Bronze Age interaction Greece Fulbright Fellow Fabric analysis of late pottery from Mochlos Ferenc Toth William E. Hutton Trent University The College of William and Mary Emil H. Nankov Wiener Laboratory Travel Grant NEH Fellow Cornell University Archaeological science research project in Greek travelers on Roman roads Eugene Vanderpool Fellow Greece Hellenistic fortifications in Opountian Lokris Jeffrey Kramer —origin, development and historical contexts Thanos A. Webb University of Cincinnati University of California, Los Angeles Solow Summer Research Fellow James Stephen O’Connor Zooarchaeology of the Neolithic Aegean Publishing the Middle Helladic and Late Hel- Columbia University ladic I pottery from the Dorati survey project, Armies, navies, and economies in the Greek Maria Zachariou Corinth world in the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. University of Virginia Light and harmony: The art and cult of Apollo Evi Margaritis Jeremy J. Ott Cambridge University Institute of Fine Arts, New York University Angela Ziskowski Wiener Laboratory Environmental Fellow Gorham Phillips Stevens Fellow Bryn Mawr College The domestication of the vine in the Aegean: Fountains in Late Antique Greece and Asia Doreen C. Spitzer Fellow proposed formulas for the distinction of the Minor Pottery from the Mother City: An examina- wild and domesticated grape vine based on the tion of Corinthian ceramics in relation to the archaeobotanical remains Jennifer L. Palinkas Colonial “West” Emory University Tomasz Markiewicz Sacred Gates: Propyla & Propylaia in Greek SENIOR ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Warsaw University Sanctuaries Mellon East European Fellow William Aylward Credit in Greek and Egyptian papyri from Egypt Kimberley-Anne Pixley University of Wisconsin, Madison University of Toronto CAORC Multi-Country Research Fellow Andrei Opait¸ Banausic labor in Attic vase painting Greek and Roman builders at work: Lifting Independent Scholar technology in ancient architecture Kress Publications Fellowship Anastasia L. Poulos Studying and publishing the Late Roman and University of Pennsylvania Judith M. Barringer Early Byzantine amphoras (276–600 A.D.) in The translation and transportation of Egyptian University of Edinburgh the Stoa of Attalos storeroom and Egyptianizing material culture to Greece NEH Fellow and Macedonia in the Hellenistic period Sculptural dedications at Olympia of the 6th Kyrill Pavlikianov and 5th centuries B.C. University of Sofia “St. Kliment Ohridski” Ioannis Sapountzis Mellon East European Fellow Boston University Peter Dimitrov Study of 28 unpublished post-Byzantine docu- Interconnections of the Cycladic Islands from New Bulgarian University ments from the archive of the Athonite Monas- Geometric to Hellenistic times Mellon East European Fellow tery of Vatopedi Thracian onomastics in Greek inscriptions Nanako Sawayanagi from Greece Joseph L. Rife New York University Macalester College M. Alison Frantz Fellow Gerald Finkielsztejn Solow Summer Research Fellow The Team of the Japanese: The politics of re- University of Tours/Sorbonne Publishing material on the mortuary practice form in Greece, 1906–1908 Kress Publications Fellow and social structure in the Greek port-city, Cataloguing all of the Rhodian amphorae and Kenchreai, during the Roman empire Evangelia Sikla amphora stamps uncovered so far in the Athe- Bryn Mawr College nian Agora Jeffrey S. Soles Of men and animals: the social and religious Univ. of North Carolina, Greensboro components in the relationship between hu- John Hayes NEH Fellow/Solow Summer Research Fellow mans and animals in Neopalatial Crete Oxford University The ceremonial center of Late Minoan Mochlos Kress Publications Fellowship / 3-volume publication of the ceremonial build- Amy A. Sowder Completion of manuscript and illustrations for ing at Mochlos, building B.2 Emory University Athenian Agora vol. XXX: Roman pottery, local Samuel H. Kress Fellow in Art History and coarse wares typology Paraskevi Tritsaroli Greek Bronze Hydriai University of Paris Burial customs in central Greece in the Byzantine period

28 Initiation into the Mysteries of the Great Gods of Samothrace

Whitehead Visiting Research Professor Bonna Wescoat (Emory University) brought ancient ritual to life in her seminar, as summarized here. (An expanded account of the ritual and a slideshow of its enthusiastic participants is coming soon to the School’s website.)

In the fifth century B.C., the orator Antiphon The members of the seminar were ini- argued for a reduction in the Samothracian tiated; other fellows and members of the tribute, claiming that it was apparent even school served as epoptai, initiates to the from afar (i.e., Athens) that the island was second level of the mysteries, or as theo- remote, small, and poor. The Members of roi, ambassadors, who helped to guide the the School in 2006–07 can attest to the often-blindfolded initiates in their quest for first two qualities, but for the third they revelation. Others took the crucial roles of would surely substitute a reflection on the statues and Corinthian columns to create weather. Our journey to Samothrace during the ambience of the Sanctuary, although the School’s northern trip was particularly no one was quite willing to serve as the important in light of my winter seminar, famous pair of bronze statues so intriguing “Architecture and Ritual in the Sanctuary to Herodotos, Varro, and Hippolytus. of the Great Gods,” and the island lived up The initiates first had an arduous jour- to its stormy reputation by treating us to a ney across the waters to reach the island. A deluge of Biblical proportions. Despite the grand procession to the sanctuary arrived constant downpour over two solid days, we in our own “Theatral Circle,” where the Photo: H. Green managed to feel our way around the site, praefatio sacrorum was intoned, libations Blindfolded and seated, the initiates are museum, storerooms, and an exhibition were made, the initiates’ “confession” was ready to undergo thronosis. on the history of the excavation arranged heard, and the rite of thronosis was per- by Dimitris Matsas, archaeologist from the formed, with Korybantes circling the blind- initiation, the magnetized iron ring and the 19th Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical folded initiates shouting frightening and purple sash, were distributed among the Antiquities in Komotini. alluring sounds and phrases to the soul- new initiates and they had inscribed their This dramatic beginning set just the penetrating clash of tympani. Thus libated, names on an initiate list, the entire gather- right tone for the seminar. Having con- confessed, and cleansed, the initiates and ing celebrated with a huge feast. fronted the rugged sea and landscape and their entourage then witnessed the ritual Now divinely protected in their travels, the experienced the volatile weather, it was not drama retelling the story of the children assembled company have since dispersed; such a great leap to imagine the place as of Elektra. No comedy of Aristophanes or some to excavations, others to further travel one of transformation, with a cult involv- Menander, no phlyax play could have been or back to America. They remain, however, ing blindness and revelation, and gods half as engaging as the drama that unfolded bound in community; we should not be that were called Great. The object of the in the Loring Hall dining room. surprised to find Samothrakeia springing seminar was to move through the Sanctu- All of these events were merely pre- up across the North American continent, as ary as a prospective initiate, using the to- paratory to the all-important moment of they once did up into the Black Sea in An- pography and architecture as the armature revelation, and connection with the Great tiquity. Every year the group of students is upon which to build our understanding of Gods. Words were said and things were proclaimed the best ever; all I know is that if the cult and its larger significance. Alas, seen that shall continue to remain known the other years were only half as good, then our planned return trip at the end of the only to those initiated. Once the tokens of we are a remarkable crew indeed. e seminar was not to be; boat schedules and weather conspired to keep the island firmly W.B. Dinsmoor remote and mysterious. continued from page 25 Unable to get to the island, we decided to bring its most sacred rites within our walls almost entirely Corinthian, with some Attic scheme of decoration and pattern of wear, with our own initiation into the cult of the and others of uncertain fabric. Most date to and are of exactly the same dimensions as Great Gods. More than 60 members of the the late seventh and sixth centuries B.C., the sherd in the American School. School and their families participated with although there is some later pottery in the We now know that the American School’s a willingness and good humor that were a “Perachora” material. seven hundred sherds “from Perachora” remarkable testimony to the strength of Whether the sherds gathered by Dins- came specifically from the Perachoran community. Of course, it RAINED, and our moor’s party in 1911 are the sherds “from Heraion, and though it remains unproven carefully choreographed initiation in the Perachora” in the American School’s Antiq- that these sherds were picked up by Dins- garden had to be moved to the grounds uities Collection was recently resolved by a moor and company, rather than by another of the Gennadeion and Loring Hall, but great stroke of fortune. I have identified that visitor, that much seems likely. If only more it was remarkable just how many spaces one of the School’s sherds, part of a pyxis had been known in 1911 about Corinthian held the aura, if not the precise configura- lid with subgeometric decoration, comes burial practices, Dinsmoor would almost tion, of key stations within the Sanctuary from the same vase as a group of published certainly never have connected the piles on Samothrace. fragments from the Heraion (Perachora II, of Protocorinthian sherds with graves, and pl. 51.1165), now at the Isthmia Museum. the rich site of the Heraion might have been The published fragments have an identical excavated by the American School! e

29 Wiener Lab Report

Child Protection after Child burials of Xironomi have been Death in Byzantium: buried outside the church and in the nar- thex of the church. It is possible that their The Bioarchaeological sepulchral place was fixed by rules related Evidence to the baptism. In the Byzantine world, the role of baptism was determinant for the Paraskevi Tritsaroli ecclesiastical celebration of the inhumation Wiener Laboratory Research Associate, of the deceased. The functional, architec- 2006–07 tural, and religious value of the narthex is strictly related to the baptism. Indeed, The first years of human life include sev- the narthex is the place that introduces to eral important, mostly biological, transi- the main church, where catechumens were tional stages: birth, or the transition from standing in preparation for the baptism. the fetal stage to infant life; breastfeeding; Furthermore, the age of baptism could vary Photo: P. Tritsaroli walking; and talking. These events can be according to different historical periods or Flaring metaphysis (humerus) and bow- successive or contemporaneous and they special conditions (risk of death). The age- ing diaphysis (radius and ulna) of a 9- at-death distribution of the children doesn’t are associated with the gradual interven- month-old infant with left upper limp. tion of cultural practices such as baptism, provide clear evidence for a generalized hi- weaning, and changes in nutritional habits. erarchy related to the baptism and the right However, the risk of death during these weaning-related infection or metabolic dis- to an ecclesiastic funeral. Nevertheless, the years is very high. In the Byzantine world, ruption, nutritional deficiency of vitamin overrepresentation of the children less than the behavior of the living society toward C and D, scurvy, or rickets. 4 years of age in the narthex could be seen dead infants and children could follow spe- At the beginning of the 10th century as a sign of divine protection and consid- cific institutional rules (such as religious in Byzantium, the severe winter of A.D. eration of those who died very young just laws) or family habits or even communal 927–928 and 120 consecutive days of before receiving catechism and baptism. and local customs. The infant burials were frost reduced villages to economic mis- Children are often unknowable through very often accompanied by offerings like ery, provoking famine, while an unending the archaeological record because they leave jewelry or toys, indicating not only the af- rain caused another climatic catastrophe few material indications, with the excep- fection but also the protection of the par- in A.D. 1037. Furthermore, the toponym tion of child burials. The high proportion ents toward the dead child. The subadult of Xironomi means a place where the soil of infants and children in and around the sample from the Middle Byzantine funerary is dry and arid. Thus, the synergy between church of Xironomi likely indicates the site of Xironomi (10th–11th centuries) in environmental factors and insufficient social choice for a preferred burial area for Boeotia offers an excellent example of what nutritional supplies, for example in fruits infants and children, victims of insufficient could be protection for infants and children and vegetables, could describe a crisis that food supplies and episodes of developmen- caused the increase of mortality. tal stress, in order to receive divine protec- after death based on the bioarchaeological e evidence. tion for life after death. The proportion of infants and children is unusual (36 out of 55 individuals), form- Ioulia Tzonou-Herbst, curator of the School’s ing 65.6% of the skeletal sample. Their ages collection in the museum in Ancient Corinth, range from birth to 12 years, and half of enjoyed her public outreach encounter with them are younger than 4. Weaning and schoolchildren of the elementary school of general poor nutritional and living condi- Ancient Corinth. In February 2007 about tions were probably related to the death 60 fourth grade students and their teachers of a major portion of infants and young came to the museum to learn how Corin- children in Xironomi. Literary sources thians made pots and figurines in antiquity. and chemical analyses for weaning pat- Using artifacts excavated by Agnes Newhall terns on skeletal samples from Byzantine Stillwell in the Potters’ Quarter between 1928 sites in Greece indicate a gradual wean- and 1935, for example a miniature votive kiln ing, possibly terminating around the age and numerous figurine moulds, Ms. Tzonou- of 3 years. Many of the children have a Herbst explained the processes involved and common paleopathological profile; several the ingenuity of the makers. The children paleopathological lesions such as abnormal made figurines using plaster moulds, repli- and new bone formation and bowing and cas of the ancient moulds from the Potters’ flaring of the long bones are particularly Quarter prepared by the School’s conserva- frequent and expanded within the age in- tor, Nicol Anastasatou. Teachers and students were grateful for the donation of the terval between birth and 4 years. These plaster moulds to their school so that other students can make figurines from them lesions can be possibly associated with in the future. complications following weaning such as

30 In Memoriam

Fellowship to Greece in 1951/2 and was of Athenian inscriptions. Hence was born W. Kendrick Pritchett 1909–2007 awarded two Guggenheim Fellowships, in a long and often bitter controversy between 1951 and 1955. the two leading scholars in America on At- Pritchett was Chairman of the Berkeley tic time reckoning and inscriptions. It was William Kendrick Pritchett, Emeritus Pro- Classics Department from 1966 to 1970 to continue until Meritt’s death in 1989. fessor of Greek in the University of Cali- and the founding father of the Graduate Among his many contributions to the fornia, Berkeley, died quietly at home on Group in Ancient History and Mediterra- field of Greek inscriptions, in which he May 29, 2007. He was 98. As Professor of nean Archaeology in 1968, which has won broke new ground by involving geologists Greek in the Department of Classics and international recognition as the premier and pioneering novel methods, is Pritchett’s continuing well on into his retirement, interdisciplinary program of graduate study meticulous publication of the record of a Pritchett built an impressive international in the field. He also helped establish the public auction of the confiscated properties reputation as one of the most prolific and California journal that has developed into of Alcibiades and his associates, convicted innovative classical scholars in the U.S. Classical Antiquity. of treason in Athens in 414 B.C.: The Attic He wrote more than thirty books and over Through his numerous publications and Stelai in Hesperia (1953–1961). one hundred articles on a wide range of innovative approaches, Pritchett became Pritchett was married in 1942 to Eliza- topics including ancient Greek grammar a highly regarded authority in Greek to- beth Dow, who died in 2000. She was the and syntax, literature and historiography, pography and ancient Greek warfare. His sister of the distinguished Harvard histo- topography and the arts of war, religion and Studies in Ancient Greek Topography in eight rian and epigraphist, Sterling Dow. Their political institutions, chronography and the parts (1965–1992), the fruit of numerous one daughter, Katherine, died at a tragically study of inscriptions. He was also a revered trips to Greece and intense fieldwork, set early age. Pritchett is survived by his two teacher at all levels of instruction. new standards for thoroughness and ac- grandchildren, Elizabeth Seavey Grajeba Pritchett was born in Atlanta, Georgia curacy, often defending the veracity of the and Timothy Seavey. on April 14, 1909 and retained his South- ancient historians against attacks from At Berkeley Pritchett is memorialized by ern manners and accent for the rest of his armchair pundits. Many of these excur- an eponymous annual prize for the most life. He received an A.B. from Davidson sions in Greece were in the company of outstanding student in elementary Greek— College in 1929 and an A.M. from Duke Eugene Vanderpool and, later, John Camp. a course he taught regularly; a graduate University in 1930 before entering The Through his teaching and research Pritch- fellowship; and a public lecture delivered Johns Hopkins University, where he gained ett had a deep influence on the choice of by a distinguished visiting scholar. the Ph.D. in 1942. From 1936 to 1942 he sites visited by students of the School on was research assistant in the Institute for the Fall Trips. —Ron Stroud Advanced Study in Princeton to the dis- Pritchett’s magisterial The Greek State tinguished Greek epigraphist Benjamin at War, 5 volumes (Berkeley 1971–1991) Danielle Parks D. Meritt, with whom he collaborated in explores all aspects of military engagement 1965–2007 publishing his first book, The Chronology of including battle strategy and tactics, provi- Hellenistic Athens (Cambridge, MA 1940). sioning, soldiers’ pay, pre- and post-battle Now Pritchett also began to publish Greek religious observances, the distribution of Archaeologist and educator Danielle Parks inscriptions from the excavations of the booty, and a host of other topics; it has be- died July 31 after a courageous battle with American School in the Athenian Agora, come the classic work of reference in its leukemia. An ASCSA Summer Session stu- thereby making his mark as a first-rate field. In 1976 the second volume of this dent in 1990, Ms. Parks received her un- epigraphist. great work received the Charles J. Goodwin dergraduate degree from Brown University Pritchett served with distinction in the Award of Merit of the American Philologi- and her doctorate from the University of U.S. Army Air Force from 1942 to 1945, cal Association. Missouri, where Kathleen Slane was her ad- rising to the rank of Captain. He was sta- Kendrick Pritchett was a combative visor. She was a tenured professor at Brock tioned first in the South Pacific and later scholar who flourished in the rough and University in St. Catherine’s, Ontario. in Germany, where he collected evidence tumble of scholarly debate. While still at The majority of Ms. Parks’ archaeologi- for the Nuremberg Trials of the Nazi war- Princeton, he published The Calendars of cal research was undertaken on Roman Cy- criminals. After the war he returned briefly Athens (Cambridge, MA 1947) with Otto prus. She ran her own excavation at the to Princeton before taking a teaching post Neugebauer, a leading historian of ancient Amathus Gate cemetery of ancient Kourion at Muhlenberg College in Allentown, PA. science at Brown University. Renouncing in the Limassol District of Cyprus. She also In 1948 Pritchett was appointed Associate published views he earlier shared with his participated in a number of excavations Professor of Greek in the Berkeley Clas- mentor, B. D. Meritt, Pritchett mounted a in Cyprus and was additionally involved sics Department, where he remained for the spirited defense of a lunar-observed cal- in a survey project at Dreamer’s Bay near rest of his career, holding the rank of Full endar in ancient Athens and of the orga- Kourion, as well as working in Rome. Ms. Professor from 1954 until his retirement nization of the year of the Council of Five Parks was a trustee of the Cyprus American in 1976. He was twice Annual Professor Hundred as described by Aristotle in his Archaeological Research Institute (CAARI). at the American School of Classical Stud- Constitution of the Athenians. Meritt adopt- Her book, The Roman Coinage of Cyprus, ies and served on its Managing Committee ed a more flexible constitutional system was published (Nicosia: The Cyprus Nu- (1960–1976). He held a Fulbright Research and relied more heavily on the evidence mismatic Society) in 2004.

31 The ASCSA was well rep- ddd ddd

9 resented at the conference Managing Committee Member Betsey “The ‘Dark Ages’ Revisited,” an interna- “Corinth in Context: Com- Robinson (Harvard University) organized tional symposium in memory of W.D.E. parative perspectives on Reli- a seminar on “New Discoveries from Old Coulson, Director of the School from 1987 gion and Society,” held at the Excavations,” held at the Radcliffe Institute to 1997, took place last June at the Univer- University of Texas at Austin for Advanced Studies in March 2007. The sity of Thessaly in Volos, where numerous in January 2007 and orga- seminar drew participants who have been friends and colleagues, among them many nized by the Institute for the researching excavation archives dating long-time members of the School com- Study of Antiquity and Chris- back to the late nineteenth century with an munity, gathered to pay him tribute for tian Origins, the Religious eye toward republishing the archaeological his contribution to the study of Early Iron Studies Program, and the De- Age Greece. Following a moving tribute kai t a loipa evidence and sharing lessons learned from partment of Classics. Among the methodologies of their predecessors. by INSTAP Study Center Director Thomas those presenting papers were Brogan, Alexander Mazarakis Ainian of the ddd Corinth Excavations Director University’s Department of History, Archae- Guy D.R. Sanders; Managing Imperium and Cosmos: Augustus in the ology and Social Anthropology introduced Committee Members Timo- Northern Campus Martius, written by the Coulson’s archives and library, recently do- News & Notes News thy Gregory (Ohio State Uni- late Paul Rehak (University of Kansas), nated to the Department and its Laboratory versity), Joseph Rife (Macal- former ASCSA Managing Committee Mem- of Archaeology. Four days of scholarly pre- ester College), Michael Walbank (Univer- ber and Secretary of the School’s Alumni/ sentations rounded out the conference. sity of Calgary), and Bronwen Wickkiser ae Association), and edited by Managing ddd (Gustavus Adolphus College); and Blegen Committee Member John G. Younger Acquisitions Librarian Benjamin Millis. (University of Kansas), was published by On February 7, 2007, Margaret S. Mook University of Wisconsin Press. (Iowa State University), Managing Com- ddd mittee Member and Chair of the Excavation ddd Corinth Excavations Director Guy D.R. and Survey Committee, delivered the AIA’s Sanders also presented a paper, on “A Mon- Agora Excavations Director John McK. inaugural William D.E. Coulson Memorial ument to ‘Romanization and Resistance’ at Camp II, along with 2006–07 Kress Pub- Lecture to the Richmond Virginia Society, Merbeke,” at a conference at the University lications Fellow John Hayes and former in memory of the two-term former ASCSA of Nottingham in April 2007. The inter- Kress Publications Fellow (2000–01) Director. Ms. Mook, who is Coulson’s last national conference, on “Being Pelopon- Marianne Stern, spoke at an international Ph.D. student, spoke about the excavations nesian: Cohesion and Diversity through archaeological symposium at the Benaki of the early Greek city at Azoria in eastern Time,” was sponsored by the University Museum in October 2006. The three-day Crete. Both of W.D.E. Coulson’s parents of Nottingham’s newly founded Centre for colloquium, “Athens during the Roman Pe- were long-time members of the Richmond Spartan and Peloponnesian Studies. riod: Recent Discoveries, New Evidence,” Society, as is Managing Committee Member ddd examined private and public life in Roman and Coulson Ph.D. student Elizabeth A. Athens through the presentation of unpub- Managing Committee Member Timothy Fisher (Randolph-Macon College). lished material and recent excavations by Winters (Austin Peay State University) specialists from Greece and abroad. Profes- was the 2007 recipient of the Award for sor Camp also served on the symposium’s Excellence in College Teaching, presented Scientific Committee. in April by the Classical Association of the Middle West and South.

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