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Breaking the Pressure Barrier: a History of the Spacesuit Injection Patch
Breaking the Pressure Barrier: A History of the Spacesuit Injection Patch Shane M. McFarland1 Wyle/NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Aaron S. Weaver2 NASA-Glenn Research Center, Columbus, OH The spacesuit assembly has a fascinating and complicated history dating back to the early 1930s. Much has been written on this history from an assembly perspective and, to a lesser extent, a component perspective. However, little has been written or preserved specifically on smaller, lesser-known aspects of pressure suit design. One example of this is the injection patch—a small 2–in.-diameter disk on the leg of the Apollo suit that facilitated a medical injection when pressurized, and the only known implementation of such a feature on a flight suit. Whereas many people are aware this feature existed, very little is known of its origin, design, and use, and the fact that the Apollo flight suit was not the only instance in which such a feature was implemented. This paper serves to tell the story of this seeming “afterthought” of a feature, as well as the design considerations heeded during the initial development of subsequent suits. Nomenclature EMU = Extravehicular Mobility Unit ETFE = ethylene tetrafluoroethylene EVA = extravehicular activity FEP = fluorinated ethylene propylene ILC = International Latex Corporation IM = intramuscular (injection) IO = intraosseal (injection) IV = intravascular (injection) LCG = liquid cooling garment NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration PGS = pressure garment subsystem TMG = thermal micromediorite garment UTC = urine transfer connector I. Introduction he earliest efforts in pressure suit design were driven by the need to survive high altitudes during attempts to T break speed or height flight records. -
Lot Qty Description 1001 1 Magnum Academy Jacket, Size 3XL, Black
Tactical Shop #2 Online Auction 11/25/2019 Lot Qty Description 1001 1 Magnum Academy Jacket, Size 3XL, Black 1002 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Big Horn Jacket, Size 2XL, Black 1003 1 Rothco M65 Soft Shell Field Jacket, Size Large, Black 1004 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Leather Neck Jacket #48300, Size Large, Dark Navy 1005 1 Rothco M65 Soft Shell Field Jacket, Size Large, Olive Drab 1006 1 Pre Owned Men's Cold Weather Field Jacket, Size XL Short, Camo 1007 1 Two Rothco High Visibility Safety Vests 1008 1 Two Rothco High Visibility Safety Vests 1009 1 Two Rothco Safety Vests, Oxford Shell, High Visibility Tape, Velcro Closure, One Size Fits All 1010 1 Two Rothco Safety Vests, Oxford Shell, High Visibility Tape, Velcro Closure, One Size Fits All 1011 1 Two Rothco Safety Vests, Oxford Shell, High Visibility Tape, Velcro Closure, One Size Fits All 1012 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Taclite Pro Long Sleeve Shirt, Size XL Regular, Khaki 1013 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Taclite Pro Long Sleeve Shirt, Size XL Regular, Khaki 1014 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Taclite Pro Long Sleeve Shirt, Size Medium Regular, Khaki 1015 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Taclite Pro Long Sleeve Shirt, Size Small Regular, Khaki 1016 1 5.11 Tactical Men's Poly Cotton Rip Shirt, 2XL Regular, Dark Navy 1017 1 Tru-Spec 24/7 Series Ultra Light Long Sleeve Uniform Shirt, Size XL Regular, Black 1018 1 Tru-Spec 24/7 Series Ultra Light Long Sleeve Uniform Shirt, Size XL Regular, Dark Navy 1019 1 Tru-Spec 24/7 Series Long Sleeve Uniform Shirt, Size Medium, True Black 1020 1 Tru-Spec 24/7 Series Long Sleeve Uniform Shirt, -
By Leslie A. Przybylek, Curator of History
WE CAN DO IT! WWII By Leslie A. Przybylek, Curator of History 4 WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY | SPRING 2015 EVERY TIME I APPROACH PITTSBURGH, ESPECIALLY BY PLANE, I GET A SENSE OF TREMENDOUS POWER, A SENSE OF ACCOMPLISHMENT. PITTSBURGH THRILLS YOU. Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox Thousands of Westinghouse workers pledge to speed up production at this wartime rally, c. 1944. HHC Detre L&A, Melvin Seidenberg Oversize Photograph Collection, MSS 566. OPPOSITE: A real-life Rosie, War worker identification badges illustrate just a few of Julie Bodnar inspects 155 mm the many thousands of area residents who contributed shell casings at the Christy Parks to the war effort through companies such as Dravo, Works of National Tube Company Westinghouse, and Carnegie-Illinois Steel. in McKeesport. HHC Collections, 96.196.1, 2011.21.1. Photo by Liz Simpson. Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of American History, Archives Center, Russell Aiken U. S. Steel Collection. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY | SPRING 2015 5 The cover of this April 1944 issue of US Steel News reminded readers that the giant steel conglomerate played essential roles in building America’s military machine during World War II, including the production of steel plate for battleships, LSTs, and tanks. HHC Detre L&A. “We are living in a jittery world, wondering what is going to happen next. And in my judgment it looks like anarchy. Law and order is breaking down all Residents of Pittsburgh’s Polish neighborhoods took to their churches and over the world. The nations are sure of nothing.” prayed when Hitler invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, officially igniting World Letter to the Editor, The Pittsburgh Press, October 6, 1938 War II. -
Fashion Trends 2016
Fashion Trends 2016 U.S. & U.K. Report [email protected] Intro With every query typed into a search bar, we are given a glimpse into user considerations or intentions. By compiling top searches, we are able to render a strong representation of the population and gain insight into this population’s behavior. In our second iteration of the Google Fashion Trends Report, we are excited to introduce data from multiple markets. This report focuses on apparel trends from the United States and United Kingdom to enable a better understanding of how trends spread and behaviors emerge across the two markets. We are proud to share this iteration and look forward to hearing back from you. Olivier Zimmer | Trends Data Scientist Yarden Horwitz | Trends Brand Strategist Methodology To compile a list of accurate trends within the fashion industry, we pulled top volume queries related to the apparel category and looked at their monthly volume from May 2014 to May 2016. We first removed any seasonal effect, and then measured the year-over-year growth, velocity, and acceleration for each search query. Based on these metrics, we were able to classify the queries into similar trend patterns. We then curated the most significant trends to illustrate interesting shifts in behavior. Query Deseasonalized Trend 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Query 2016 Characteristics Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Top Risers a Spotlight on an Extensive List and Decliners Top Trending of the Top Volume Themes Fashion Trends Trend Categories To identify top trends, we categorized past data into six different clusters based on Sustained Seasonal Rising similar behaviors. -
Apollo Space Suit
APOLLO SPACE S UIT 1962–1974 Frederica, Delaware A HISTORIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LANDMARK SEPTEMBER 20, 2013 DelMarVa Subsection Histor y of the Apollo Space Suit This model would be used on Apollo 7 through Apollo 14 including the first lunar mission of Neil Armstrong and Buzz International Latex Corporation (ILC) was founded in Aldrin on Apollo 11. Further design improvements were made to Dover, Delaware in 1937 by Abram Nathanial Spanel. Mr. Spanel improve mobility for astronauts on Apollo 15 through 17 who was an inventor who became proficient at dipping latex material needed to sit in the lunar rovers and perform more advanced to form bathing caps and other commercial products. He became mobility exercises on the lunar surface. This suit was known as famous for ladies apparel made under the brand name of Playtex the model A7LB. A slightly modified ILC Apollo suit would also go that today is known worldwide. Throughout WWII, Spanel drove on to support the Skylab program and finally the American-Soyuz the development and manufacture of military rubberized products Test Program (ASTP) which concluded in 1975. During the entire to help our troops. In 1947, Spanel used the small group known time the Apollo suit was produced, manufacturing was performed as the Metals Division to develop military products including at both the ILC plant on Pear Street in Dover, Delaware, as well as several popular pressure helmets for the U.S. Air Force. the ILC facility in Frederica, Delaware. In 1975, the Dover facility Based upon the success of the pressure helmets, the Metals was closed and all operations were moved to the Frederica plant. -
Department of the Air Force Washington, Dc
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON, DC AFI36-2903_AFGM2019-01 15 April 2019 MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION C MAJCOMs/FOAs/DRUs FROM: SAF/MR SUBJECT: Air Force Guidance Memorandum to AFI 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel By Order of the Secretary of the Air Force, this Air Force Guidance Memorandum immediately changes AFI 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel. Compliance with this Memorandum is mandatory. To the extent its directions are inconsistent with other Air Force publications, the information herein prevails, in accordance with AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management. This memorandum provides policy and guidance for all military personnel serving in the United States Air Force, Reserve and Guard components. The specific changes to AFI 36-2903 are listed in the attachment. The paragraphs listed replace the corresponding paragraphs in AFI 36-2903 or add new paragraphs. Failure to observe the mandatory provisions in paragraphs 3.4.1 and 3.4.2 of this memorandum by Regular Air Force military members, Air Force Reserve military members on active duty or inactive duty for training, and Air National Guard military members in Title 10 status is a violation of Article 92 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Air National Guard members in Title 32 status performing full-time National Guard duty or inactive duty for training, who violate the mandatory provisions of this instruction, may be held accountable through similar provisions of their respective State Military Codes. There are no releasability restrictions on this publication. Ensure that all records created as a result of the processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with Air Force Records Disposition Schedule in the Air Force Information Management System. -
Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, INDUSTRIAL AREA, HABS FL-583-D HANGAR S HABS FL-583-D (John F. Kennedy Space Center) Cape Canaveral Brevard County Florida PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 100 Alabama St. NW Atlanta, GA 30303 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, INDUSTRIAL AREA HANGAR S HABS NO. FL-583-D Location: Building 1726, Hangar Road, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) Industrial Area. USGS Cape Canaveral, Florida, Quadrangle, Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates E 540530 N 3151415 Zone 17, NAD 1983 Present Owner: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Present Use: Vacant Significance: Hangar S served as the home of NASA’s Pre-Flight Operations Division of Project Mercury from 1959-1963. In Hangar S, the Mercury spacecraft capsules were received, tested, and prepared for flight. The hangar housed astronauts’ pre-flight training and preparation, including capsule simulator training, flight pressure suit tests, flight plan development, and communications training. The astronaut crew quarters were located on the second floor of the hangar’s south wing. Hangar S is directly associated with events that led to the first U.S. manned sub-orbital space flight of Alan B. Shepard in 1961 and the orbital flight of John Glenn in 1962. Hangar S was determined eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) at the national level of significance under Criterion A in the area of Space Exploration. Hangar S is also NRHP eligible under Criterion B for association with the training activities of the original Mercury Seven astronauts, including Alan B. -
Orvis False Marking Complaint 2 .Docx
Case 2:10-cv-00439-DF Document 1 Filed 10/15/10 Page 1 of 12 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS MARSHALL DIVISION Americans For Fair Patent Use, LLC § § Plaintiff, § § v. § Civil Case No. 2:10-cv-00439 § JURY The Orvis Company, Inc. § § Defendant. § § § COMPLAINT FOR FALSE PATENT MARKING Plaintiff Americans for Fair Patent Use, LLC (“AFPU”) files this complaint against Defendant The Orvis Company, Inc. (“Orvis”) and alleges as follows: NATURE OF THE ACTION 1. This is an action for false patent marking arising under 35 U.S.C. § 292. 2. As set forth in detail below, Orvis violated 35 U.S.C. § 292(a) by using false patent markings in advertising products for sale with the intent to deceive the public. 3. AFPU seeks an award of monetary damages from the Defendants, one-half of which shall be paid to the United States pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 292(b). 4. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this action under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1332, 1338(a), and 1355(a). BACKGROUND 5. Orvis has violated 35 U.S.C. § 292(a) (the “False Marking Statute”) by marking unpatented articles with the intent to deceive the public. Case 2:10-cv-00439-DF Document 1 Filed 10/15/10 Page 2 of 12 6. More specifically, Orvis, with the intent to deceive the public, marked advertisements for products with a patent that is expired and, therefore, does not and cannot cover the advertised products. 7. Additionally, Orvis, with the intent to deceive the public, marked advertisements for products with the number of a patent that, even if not expired, would not cover the advertised products. -
Chief Rodney Bryant Signature
Atlanta Police Department Standard Operating Policy Manual Procedure Effective Date APD.SOP.2130 December 30, 2020 Dress Code Applicable To: All Employees Review Due: 2024 Approval Authority: Chief Rodney Bryant Signature: Sign by RB Date Signed: 12/30/2020 Table of Content 4.3.20 Equipment and Leather Gear 23 1. PURPOSE 1 4.3.21 Traffic Vest 24 2. POLICY 2 4.3.22 Rain Gear 25 4.3.23 Gloves 25 3. RESPONSIBILITIES 2 4.3.24 SWAT 25 4.3.25 Explosive Ordinance Disposal (EOD) 25 4. ACTION 2 4.3.26 Mounted Patrol 26 4.1 General 2 4.3.27 APEX 26 4.2 General Appearance 3 4.3.28 Warrant Uniform 26 4.2.1 Tattoos and Brands 3 4.3.29 Bike Patrol / Bicycle Response Team (BRT) 26 4.2.2 Body Piercing 4 4.3.30 Aviation Unit 26 4.2.3 Hair 4 4.3.31 SOS Motors 27 4.2.4 Facial Hair 5 4.3.32 Auto Crimes Enforcement (ACE) 27 4.2.5 Make-up 5 4.3.33 Discretionary Units Assigned to the Zones 27 4.2.6 Fingernails 5 4.3.34 Training Section 27 4.2.7 Jewelry 5 4.3.35 Property Control Unit 28 4.2.8 Eyeglasses and Sunglasses 6 4.3.36 Police Athletic League (PAL) 28 4.2.9 General Uniform Guidelines 6 4.3.37 Honor Guard 28 4.3 Sworn Employees 6 4.3.38 Chaplains 28 4.3.1 Class A Uniform - Rank of Captain and Above 6 4.3.39 Temporary Assignments 28 4.3.2 Class A Uniform - Rank of Lieutenant and Below 7 4.3.40 Civil Disturbance Unit 28 4.3.3 Class B Uniform 8 4.3.41 Sworn Employees in Civilian Clothes 28 4.3.4 Class C Uniform - Rank of Lieutenant and Below 9 4.4 Non-sworn Employees 30 4.3.5 Badges 10 4.4.1 Recruits 30 4.3.6 Headgear 11 4.4.2 Traffic Control Inspectors 30 4.3.7 Metal Name Plate 12 4.4.3 Crime Prevention Inspectors 31 4.3.8 Rank Insignia 13 4.4.4 Property Management Technicians 31 4.3.9 Buttons 13 4.4.5 Vehicles for Hire Enforcement Officers 31 4.3.10 Collar Insignias 13 4.4.6 Inventory System Specialists 32 4.3.11 Shirt Accessories 14 4.4.7 Non-uniformed Civilian Employees 32 4.3.12 Specialized Assignment Patches 16 4.3.13 Shoes and Boots 17 5. -
April 14, 2006 Vol
April 14, 2006 Vol. 45, No. 8 Spaceport News John F. Kennedy Space Center - America’s gateway to the universe http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/news/snews/spnews_toc.html STS-1: The boldest test flight in history The world proudly watched as NASA resumed human space flight on April 12, 1981 By Jim Kennedy Center Director ix years passed from the end of NASA’s human Sspace flight program Apollo to the roar of Space Shuttle Columbia on its April 12, 1981, maiden flight from KSC’s the nation’s Vision for Space Launch Pad 39A carrying Exploration to extend human astronauts John Young and Bob presence across the solar system, Crippen on a two-day Earth- starting with a return to the moon orbital mission. by the end of the next decade, Twenty-five years ago this the agency is pursuing that month, the world watched as the vision by building on the best of two brave astronauts completed Apollo and shuttle technology. the monumental first test of the As a young engineer at the SPACE SHUTTLE Columbia lifts off shortly after 7 a.m. on April 12, 1981. Space Transportation System by Marshall Space Flight Center in with Young and Crippen and from shuttle technology. landing at Edwards Air Force Alabama, I was privileged to be a their look back on “the ultimate As we prepare for the next Base in California. That success- part of the team responsible for test flight,” as described by space shuttle launch in July, the ful mission verified the com- the design and development of Crippen. -
AFI 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel Containing Change 2 (Dated 28 May 08), Is Void and Hereby Rescinded As of the Date of Its Issuance
AFI 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel containing change 2 (dated 28 May 08), is void and hereby rescinded as of the date of its issuance. The publication was improperly routed and mistakenly failed to incorporate the provisions of AFI 36-2903, change 1, dated 6 August 2007, into its publication. If you downloaded or printed any copies of the erroneous document, please destroy those copies. Also, if you've posted local supplements to the AFI based on this void and rescinded document, rescind the publication as of the date of issuance. BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE INSTRUCTION 36-2903 SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE 2 AUGUST 2006 Incorporating Change 1, 6 August 2007 Certified Current 17 February 2009 Personnel DRESS AND PERSONAL APPEARANCE OF AIR FORCE PERSONNEL COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available on the e-Publishing website at www.e-publishing.af.mil for downloading or ordering. RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication. OPR: HQ AFPC/DPSOOC Certified by: HQ AFPC/DPS (Col William D. Foote) Supersedes AFI 36-2903, 29 September 2002 and Pages: 161 AFI36-2923, 25 May 2004 This instruction implements Department of Defense Instruction (DoDI) 1334.1, Wearing of the Uniform, 26 October 2005, Department of Defense Directive (DoDD) 1300.17, Accommodation of Religious Prac- tices Within the Military Services, 3 February 1988; and Air Force Policy Directive 36-29, Military Stan- dards. It applies to all active duty Air Force members, members of the United States Air Force Reserve (USAFR), and members of the Air National Guard (ANG). -
Trunk Contents Te
Trunk Contents Te Hands-on Items The Oklahomans and Space trunk has a variety of hands-on items, activities, and materials for classroom use. You may use any or all of the items. Space Suit – While not a true replica, this space suit is meant to serve as an example of an Apollo space suit. Most space suits have many layers and interlocking parts so the astronaut is not exposed to the harsh and unlivable conditions of space. Space suits are white to reflect the heat of the sun off the astronaut. This space suit has “Stafford” written on the front, one of Oklahoma’s astronauts who flew on both Gemini and Apollo missions. Life Pack, or PLSS – This pack, worn like a backpack, is called the “Primary Life Support Subsystem.” Astronauts wear it on space walks. The pack removes and stores carbon dioxide exhaled by the astronaut and provides oxygen to the astronaut through an oxygen tank. It also has a battery, two- way radio, a fan to circulate oxygen, and water- cooling equipment. The tubes connect to the suit and are called umbilicals. *There are two parts to the life pack in the trunk. The rectangular Styrofoam piece will Velcro into the top of the Life Pack. 1 Trunk Contents Te Display & Control Module – This is meant to imitate the module astronauts use to operate the systems in their Primary Life Support Subsystem. It is worn on the front of the suit on the astronaut’s chest so he or she can reach the controls. Helmet – Some helmets, like this one, have a gold-coated visor to filter harmful UV rays from the sun.