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Fur Brigade to the Bonaventura: John Work's California Expedition Of Fur Brigade to the Bonaventura: John Work's California Expedition of 1832-33 for the Hudson's Bay Company Author(s): Alice Bay Maloney and John Work Reviewed work(s): Source: California Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 3 (Sep., 1943), pp. 193-222 Published by: California Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25155793 . Accessed: 08/04/2012 16:38 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. California Historical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to California Historical Society Quarterly. http://www.jstor.org ROUTE OF JOHN WORK'S EXPEDITION TO CALIFORNIA, 1832-33 Drawn by John Adam Hussey Fur Brigade to the Bonaventura John Work's California Expedition of 1832-33 for the Hudson's Bay Company Edited by ALICE BAY MALONEY HE ORIGINAL manuscript of John Work's California expedition T of 1832-33 for the Hudson's Bay Company is deposited in the Ar­ chives of British Columbia at Victoria, Vancouver Island. It is con­ tained in two large notebooks and is carefully written and legible save for a few places made undecipherable by blots of ink. The books are probably copies of roughly kept notes from a smaller volume, since they show no evidence of the rough journey of fifteen months by canoe and horseback, and the handwriting is fairly uniform. A grandson of John Work, the late Henry Huggins of Marshfield, Ore­ gon, first called the attention of the writer to this diary. He had seen it at his grandmother's house when as a boy he was sent from his home at Fort Nisqually to school in Victoria. Investigation revealed that a transcript of a portion of the journal was in the Public Archives of Canada, at Ottawa. Photostats and permission to publish were generously furnished through Dr. Gustav Lanctot; Deputy Minister and Archivist. The original journals were later traced to Victoria, and through British Columbia Archivist W. Kaye Lamb (now librarian of the University of British Columbia) photo­ stats of the remainder were secured and the transcript of the first part checked. For assistance and information the writer is indebted to many scholars and institutions, government, state and county officials and to local his­ torians in regions traveled by John Work on his long trail. His Honour, Judge F. W. Howay of New Westminster, British Columbia, cleared the pathway for generous cooperation accorded by the Canadian Archives, the Archives of British Columbia, The Provincial Library and the Historical Society of British Columbia. Other sources drawn upon for material were the Oregon Historical Society, the Washington Historical Society, the Bancroft Library at the University of California, the Huntington Library, San Marino, California, the California State Library, The Royal Canadian Museum, Toronto, Canada, The Hudson's Bay Record Society, the U. S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, the California State Highway Department, the Shasta County Historical Society, and the Franciscan Fathers of Old Mission, Santa Barbara, California. Botanical notes were made by Miss Alice Eastwood, curator emeritus of 193 194 California HistoricalSociety Quarterly the California Academy of Sciences. Notes on the fauna of California and Oregon are by Professor Tracy M. Storer of the University of California. Anthropological notes are by Dr. Robert F. Heizer. Space does not permit listing here of all the individuals in numerous locali­ ties who aided in tracing trails and identify~ng landmarks. A debt of grati­ tude to all who assisted is hereby acknowledged. The task of following a trail over a century old was lightened by this generous and enthusiastic aid. As much of John Work's trail as could be traced practicably by car and foot has been gone over during the past four years when preparation of this journal has been under way. Some of the route remains just trail, and for those portions not reached personally numerous authorities have been con­ sulted in a desire to trace his pathway through what was, in 1832-33, desert and wilderness. Today many sections of Work's route remain more or less in the same condition in which he found them. Good roads make transit of his dangerous, waterless journeys across the sagebrush desert between Malheur and Goose lakes in Oregon a matter of a few hours by automobile. The pass which Work crossed through the Cascade Range of mountains north of Lassen Peak, judging from all available traditions and records, is the first pass used by white men in their penetration of California from the north. Miss Dorothy Huggins, corresponding secretary of the Califor­ nia Historical Society, and the writer drove over the forest road covering this portion of Work's route on August 28, 1942, just one hundred and nine years to the day after Work made his way over the heights on his homeward journey to F ort Vancouver. The road does not follow the exact Indian trail used by the Hudson's Bay Company trappers; nevertheless, we were able to approximate his path and learn something of the difficulties encountered by John Work and his packtrain as they "took the Mountain." The Bonaventura was for many years a stream of uncertain origin and mythical course. Father Escalante heard of it in 1776 and mentioned it by name. Old maps show it draining Great Salt Lake and flowing directly into the Pacific Ocean. In this journal of John Work its limits are known and its course is clear: "The Bonaventura is the Sacramento." As such, it was well known to the hunters and trappers of the Hudson's Bay Company. In the heat of an August day, Chief Trader John Work and his party of one hun­ dred men, women and children embarked in boats for the first stage of their long expedition to the Bonaventura; a journey that was to take its toll in sickness and death, a journey fraught with perils and burdened by rivalry and disappointments. Nevertheless the record of its day by day progress is a document of historical value, and its revelations throw light on an obscure period of Western history. John Work's California Expedition, 1832 -33 195 THE JOURNAL OF JOHN WORK Augt. 1832, Friday 17 Warm sultry weather. Left Vancouver1 a little before noon and joined the Snake Trappers, (who were sent to a little above the fort yesterday evening to take their regale,) we embarked in three boats & proceeded up the river to a little above the saw mill where we put ashore for the night. The party this year is to consist of 2.6 men.2 Our instructions are to proceed to the Old Lake [Snake?] countrya or the Bona­ ventura valley4 which ever may be deemed most advantageous. Our present plan is, if the season does not be too far advanced, to go by Ogden's River5 where a few beaver may be caught before the river freezes over and then go on to the Bonaventura by the S. branch6, but if it be too late in the season we will have to push on direct to the Bonaventura by Pit river7 or the N. branch. Either way our prospects of making anything of a hunt are but very indifferent. Saturday 18 Rained part of the day. Proceeded on our journey up the river with the paddles, there being no wind, to below the first rapids of the Cascades.8 Sunday 19 Fine weather.9 Continued our route at an early hour, got across the portage at the Cascades a little past noon, lost some time guming the boats, and then proceeded up the river with the paddles, there being very litde wind and that little ahead. Monday 20 • . • Proceeded up the river with the paddles, the wind being still unfavourable, and encamped some distance below the Dalls. Tuesday 21 . Continued our journey at an early hour and by the evening had the boats & cargoes across the Dalls portage and encamped at the upper end of it. This was a hard days work on the people. There are a great many Indians here at present, some few of them have the ague. Our sick men are recovering very slowly. Wednesday, 22 . Proceeded on our journey a little before sun- rising and got across the portage at the Chutes before noon when we pro­ ceeded up the river with the paddles, the wind being still unfavourable, and encamped in the evening some distance below Day's River.10 The Indians at the Dalls & Chutes inform us that our man Soteaux whom we lost on the 8th July was murdered by two Mountain Snakes who lay in wait for him as he passed a thicket and shot him with arrows but litde reliance can be placed on the account. Thursday 23 ... Continued our route up the river with a fine sail wind and made a good day's journey. Friday 24 . The sail wind continued and wafted us up the river to below Utalla riverY C. Groslui's boy taken ill with the fever. The men who were ill recovering very slowly. California Historical Society Quarterly Saturday 25 Sultry warm weather. Hired a horse from the Indians and came ahead of the boats to Fort Nezperces.12 Sunday 26 .
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