Written Summary of the Strategic Environmental Assessment Results and Justification for the Selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme
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Energy Security Internal Energy Market Research, Innovation and Competitiveness
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF POLAND’S NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLAN FOR THE YEARS 2021-2030 (NECP PL) 1. OVERVIEW AND THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPING THE NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLAN 2021-2030 Poland’s National Energy and Climate Plan for years 2021-2030 (NECP PL) along with attachments has been developed in fulfilment of the obligation set out in Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action. NECP PL was submitted to the European Commission in connection with Article 3 of the aforementioned Regulation. The final version of the National Plan was prepared taking into account the conclusions derived from inter- ministerial and public consultations, the updates of the national sector development strategies outlined in the Strategy for Responsible Development 2020 (with an outlook to 2030), as well as regional consultations and recommendations of the European Commission C(2019) 4421. The document presents an integrated approach to the implementation of the five dimensions of the Energy Union. The numbering of the chapters (in Polish version NECP) corresponds to scheme from Annex I of the Regulation (EU) 2018/1999. Decarbonisation Energy security Research, innovation and Internal competitiveness energy market 2. OVERVIEW WITH KEY OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND MEASURES OF THE NECP PL Poland’s National Energy and Climate Plan was prepared with a view of establishing a stable framework for a sustainable, economically effective and just transformation in energy sector and the whole economy. This document is intended to enable synergies with the realization of activities in the interconnected five dimensions of the energy union, taking into account the principle of "energy efficiency first". -
Poland Nuclear Energy Development Plan
5th Workshop on Attaining Carbon Neutrality What does it take to create a carbon neutral energy intensive industry in the UNECE region? 14 April 2021 Energy Policy of Poland until 2040 (EPP2040) Decarbonizing energy intensive industries through nuclear energy in Poland Dr Józef Sobolewski National Centre for Nuclear Research 1 The energy transition will be based on three pillars EEP2040 approved by Polish government February 2nd, 2021 2 Key elements of EPP2040 /1 3 Key elements of EPP2040 /2 4 Polish Nuclear Power Programme Target To build 6-9 GWe of installed nuclear power capacity based on large, proven PWR type reactors for electricity generation. Rationales Updated Energy security: Programme Diversification of fuel base in electricity generation sector. approved by Polish Replacement of old coal-fired power plants with zero-emission dispatchable sources. government Protection of environment and climate: October 2nd, 2020 Significant role of nuclear energy in efforts to prevent climate change. Nuclear energy is a Polish solution to achieve EU climate and energy policy goals. All electricity generation technologies have pros and cons for environment. Energy mix with RES only is unachievable and unrealistic. Mix without NPP means RES and fossils. Economic benefits: Stable price over long period of time Can include district heating and hydrogen production (electrolysis). 5 Key elements of nuclear power implementation. Model (ownership relations): Project company (51% State’s Treasury, 49% Strategic co-investor connected with technology supplier). One technology for all NPP’s. Technology (reason for large PWR’s): The most extensive experience in construction and operation of NPP. No history of important radiological accidents. -
Comparative Studies of Energy Supply Options in Poland for 1997–2020 Iaea, Vienna, 2002 Iaea-Tecdoc-1304 Isbn 92–0–112602–6 Issn 1011–4289
IAEA-TECDOC-1304 Comparative studies of energy supply options in Poland for 1997–2020 August 2002 The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Planning and Economic Studies Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ENERGY SUPPLY OPTIONS IN POLAND FOR 1997–2020 IAEA, VIENNA, 2002 IAEA-TECDOC-1304 ISBN 92–0–112602–6 ISSN 1011–4289 © IAEA, 2002 Printed by the IAEA in Austria August 2002 FOREWORD Poland depends heavily on coal to satisfy national demands for electricity. Currently, over 90% of electricity generation is produced by coal fired power plants. Because of the large dependence on coal and environmental impacts of large-scale coal combustion the country looks for a more diversified energy mix. As ways of diversification, Poland is considering the expanded role of natural gas and, potentially, nuclear power in the future energy mix. This publication describes the analysis of several diversification options for the Polish energy sector conducted by a national team in the framework of an IAEA Technical Co- operation project implemented in 1999–2000. The project provided a set of proven IAEA methodologies and tools that was utilized for a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the options including their economic competitiveness and environmental impacts. The publication is intended primarily for senior experts and technical staff in governmental organizations, research institutes, industries and utilities, who are in charge of technical analysis or decision making related to long term energy and power supply options. The report was prepared in 2001 by the staff of the Energy Market Agency (EMA, Warsaw, Poland) that was the leading Polish organization in carrying out the study. -
The First Polish Nuclear Power Plant Environmental Scoping Report
The First Polish Nuclear Power Plant Environmental Scoping Report (PGE_SCN_DES_0001_EN_2.0) PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. seated in Warsaw (00-542) ul. Mokotowska 49 Poland September2015 1 Polish Nuclear Power Project Project Information Sheet PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. 2 Polish Nuclear Power Project Project Information Sheet PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. Document information The First Polish Nuclear Power Plant Document: Environmental Scoping Report Number: (PGE_SCN_DES_0001_EN_2.0) Date: 01 09.2015 Author: PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. ul. Mokotowska 49 Contact details: 00-542 Warsaw tel. (0048) 22 340 1053 3 Polish Nuclear Power Project Project Information Sheet PGE EJ 1 sp. z o.o. Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 12 2 Scope and objective of the Environmental Scoping Report .......................................................... 12 3 Justification for the construction of a nuclear power plant in Poland .......................................... 16 4 Type and scope of the project ....................................................................................................... 20 5 Environmental impact assessment procedure .............................................................................. 26 5.1 Legal classification of the project ..................................................................................... -
The Latest Governmental Decision to Launch the Nuclear Power Program
Hanna Trojanowska1 Miroslaw Duda2 Nuclear power program for Poland : objectives, framework program and basic CHALLENGES 1. Introduction On January 13, 2009, the Council of the Ministers of Poland adopted a resolution on nuclear power development in Poland and commissioning of the first nuclear power plant in in 2020. The decision is in line with the national energy policy until 2030 adopted by the government in 2009 which reflects all challenges which will be faced by Poland when developing its energy sector, particularly ecological requirements imposed within the European Union. The new energy policy formulates ambitious tasks on improvement of energy efficiency of the national economy that will curb the growth of primary energy demand and reduce adverse impact of the energy sector on the environment. It will allow for GDP growth to the year 2030 at an average pace of about 5 % with practically no increase of primary energy demand until 2020, and only modest rise between 2021 and 2030 because of the introduction less efficient but environment friendly technology. The demand of electricity in 2030 is projected at the level of 217 TWh which is higher than in 2007 by only 41 % and sets the average yearly growth at 1,5 % (elasticity factor about 0,3). For the power sector the energy policy sets the following goals: - assuring long-term security of electricity supply, - maintaining electricity prices at levels acceptable by the national economy and the society; - reducing emission of SO2, NOx, and CO2 and increasing the share of RES in the final energy mix to levels defined by EU requirements. -
To Whom Should We Grant a Power Plant? Economic Effects Of
energies Article To Whom Should We Grant a Power Plant? Economic Effects of Investment in Nuclear Energy in Poland Katarzyna Zawali ´nska 1,*, Jouko Kinnunen 2, Piotr Gradziuk 1 and Dorota Celi ´nska-Janowicz 3 1 Institute of Agricultural and Rural Development, Polish Academy of Sciences (IRWiR PAN), ul. Nowy Swiat´ 72, 00-330 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 2 Statistics and Research Åland (ÅSUB), Ålandsvägen 26, AX-22100 Mariehamn, Åland, Finland; [email protected] 3 Centre for European Regional and Local Studies (EUROREG), University of Warsaw, ul. Krakowskie Przedmie´scie30, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 7 May 2020; Accepted: 21 May 2020; Published: 26 May 2020 Abstract: Poland is the most coal-dependent economy and one of the biggest polluters in the EU. In order to alleviate this problem, meet CO2 emission requirements set by EU, and improve the country’s energy security, Poland decided to introduce nuclear power to its energy mix. So far, several potential locations for nuclear power plants have been officially proposed, mainly based on technical parameters, but no comparisons of the economic impact of such locations have been considered. Consequently, the main goal of this paper is to compare the national and regional economic effects of investments in nuclear power plants—for both the construction and exploitation phases—in the four most probable locations, which are similarly beneficial from a technical point of view. In order to simulate these effects, the spatial recursive dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model was calibrated until 2050 including agglomeration effects and featuring the regional economies of all Polish regions. -
Raport O Stanie Gminy Marianowo Za 2020
SPIS TREŚCI WSTĘP ......................................................................................................................................... 4 1. CHARAKTERYSTYKA GMINY MARIANOWO ............................................................................ 5 1.1. Położenie i powierzchnia ................................................................................................. 5 1.2. Władze gminy .................................................................................................................. 6 1.3. Jednostki pomocnicze - sołectwa .................................................................................... 7 1.4. Gminne jednostki organizacyjne ..................................................................................... 7 1.5. Struktura organizacyjna Urzędu Gminy Marianowo w 2020 r. ....................................... 8 1.6. Demografia ...................................................................................................................... 9 1.7. Bezrobocie i jego struktura ............................................................................................. 9 2. INFORMACJE FINANSOWE ................................................................................................... 10 2.1. Dochody budżetu gminy ................................................................................................ 10 2.2. Wydatki budżetu gminy ................................................................................................ 12 2.3. Przychody budżetu gminy -
Nuclear Power on the Vistula River Law and Policy in Shaping Energy Future of Poland
Tomasz R. Nowacki Nuclear Power on the Vistula River Law and Policy in Shaping Energy Future of Poland The author attempts to present coupling of policy and law in the energy sector using the example of nuclear power introduction in Poland. In particular, he highlights the most important aspect of this combination i.e. how legal instruments, including legislative ones, are used to achieve the strategic goals of state policy. Tomasz R. Nowacki 1. Introduction Energy policy is not just PhD of Juridical Science energy. Its implications extend in Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku principle to all areas of the state’s functioning, with particular regard ORCID – 0000-0002-6684-8384 to the economy as a whole and to Key words: social and political issues, including nuclear law and policy, Atomic Law, nuc- foreign policy. And so is the imple- lear safety, social acceptance for nuclear mentation of nuclear power seen power by decision-makers in Poland – in a multi-faceted manner, where di- https://doi.org/10.36128/priw.vi32.97 rect energy benefits are only one of many. The implementation of nucle- ar power is both a goal and a means to achieve other strategic goals such as energy security, economic deve- lopment, public health, foreign po- licy aspects. These policy goals can be achieved using nuclear power, but the construction of nuclear po- wer plants will not be possible wit- hout achieving the intermediate po- licy goals: gaining and keeping pub- lic acceptance, reducing investment risks, and ensuring state control over 182 Prawo i Więź nr 3 (33) jesień 2020 Tomasz R. -
Strategic Environmental Assessment Report for the Polish Nuclear Programme
1 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY AUTHORS: Łukasz Szkudlarek, Dominika Lewicka-Szczebak, Marek Kasprzak TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1-2 1.2 About the Report .................................................................................................................. 1-3 1.3 References to other strategic documents .............................................................................. 1-6 1.4 Current state of the natural environment in Poland .............................................................. 1-6 1.5 No-action alternative – impact on the natural environment in Poland ............................... 1-14 1.6 Nuclear energy – background information ......................................................................... 1-15 1.7 Analysis and evaluation of the impact of radioactive emissions from nuclear power plants .................................................................................................................................. 1-23 1.8 Analysis and evaluation of other expected significant impacts related to the operation of nuclear power plants ...................................................................................... 1-31 1.9 Identification and description of the expected environmental impacts of the Programme ........................................................................................................................ -
Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources in Poland As a Part of Commitment to the Polish and EU Energy Policy
energies Article Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources in Poland as a Part of Commitment to the Polish and EU Energy Policy Józef Paska 1,*, Tomasz Surma 2, Paweł Terlikowski 1 and Krzysztof Zagrajek 1 1 Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Str. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (P.T.); [email protected] (K.Z.) 2 CEZ Polska, Al. Jerozolimskie 63, 00-697 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 June 2020; Accepted: 14 August 2020; Published: 18 August 2020 Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present the state of development of renewable energy sources (RES) in Poland in accordance with the obligations of European Union energy policy. The EU Member States are obliged to adopt different support mechanisms for the development of renewable energy sources, and in consequence to achieve their Directive’s targets. Poland, being a Member State of the EU since 2004, has accepted a target of a 15% share of energy generated from renewable energy sources in final energy consumption, including 19.3% from renewable electricity until 2020. Due to the difficulties with target achievement, the authors found it reasonable to analyze the challenge of RES development in Poland. The article presents energy policy in the EU, as well as the review of measures implemented for renewable energy development. The current state of and perspectives on using renewable energy sources in Poland and in the EU are also depicted. In the article, the authors analyze the relation between reference prices at dedicated RES auctions in Poland and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). -
PUBLICOPINION Solid and Professional 5-6/2021
POLISH PUBLICOPINION Solid and Professional 5-6/2021 ISSN 2083-1714 CONTENTS Vaccinations against Covid -19 Declarations show that slightly more than half of adult Poles have already been Vaccinations against vaccinated with at least one dose (52%), almost one-fifth would like to be Covid -19 vaccinated (18%), and one-fourth have no intention to do so (26%). Very few people have no clear attitude Would you like to be vaccinated against t o w a r d s v a c c i n a t i o n ( 4 % ) . COVID-19? Democracy in Poland C o m p a r e d t o t h e M a y % XI 2020 16 20 20 27 17 measurement, the percentage of 1 I 2021 33 23 14 16 13 Energy transformation: people vaccinated with at least one dose has increased significantly, II 2021 3 34 21 15 18 9 expectations and the percentage of those III 2021 7 35 20 14 18 6 and demands declaring their intention to IV 2021 21 27 17 13 17 5 vaccinate has decreased. On the V 2021 36 19 14 11 14 6 Attitude to nuclear other hand, the proportion of people who are reluctant to VI 2021 52 9 9 10 16 4 energy I have already Definitely Rather Rather Definitely Don't vaccinate has remained practically been vaccinated would would not not know unchanged. Almost half of respondents declaring their willingness to vaccinate have not yet IN ADDITION signed up for a specific date (49%). The reasons most often mentioned in TO THE REPORTS REFERRED TO ABOVE, spontaneous statements were lack of time, forgetfulness, "laziness" (21%). -
HARMONOGRAM PRZETARGÓW W OT KOWR SZCZECIN Na M-C STYCZEŃ-2021 R
HARMONOGRAM PRZETARGÓW w OT KOWR SZCZECIN na m-c STYCZEŃ-2021 r. www.kowr.gov.pl/nieruchomosci/harmonogramy telefon informacyjny: 91 81-44-284, 603 696 269 KOWR OT w Szczecinie, ul. Bronowicka 41, 71-012 Szczecin, tel. 91 81 44 200, email: [email protected] Sekcja Zamiejscowa w Stargardzie, ul. Czarnieckiego 16, 73-110 Stargard, tel. 91 578 85 50, email: [email protected] Sekcja Zamiejscowa w Reczu, ul. Srebrna 22, 73-210 Recz, tel. 95 769 12 10, email: [email protected] Sekcja Zamiejscowa w Nowogardzie, ul. Główna 3, 72 – 200 Nowogard, tel. 91 578 93 70, email: [email protected] Sekcja Zamiejscowa w Gryficach, ul. Piłsudskiego 18, 72-300 Gryfice, tel. 91 384 77 10, email: [email protected] Sekcja Zamiejscowa w Pyrzycach, ul. Warszawska 95, 74-200 Pyrzyce, tel. 91 817 23 46, email: [email protected] POWIERZCHNIA POŁOŻENIE Forma CENA DATA I MIEJSCE NIERUCHOMOŚCI rozdysponow RODZAJ I w tym wywoławcza GODZINA PRZEPROWADZENIA RODZAJ ATRYBUTY l.p. (powiat/gmina/ ania CHARAKTER OGÓLNA UŻYTKI lub wywoławczy rozpoczęcia PRZETARGU PRZETARGU NIERUCHOMOŚCI obręb/numery (sprzedaż/ NIERUCHOMOŚCI /ha/ ROLNE CZYNSZ przetargu (nazwa jednostki) działek) dzierżawa /ha/ DZIERŻAWNY rolna Sekcja Zamiejscowa Powiat stargardzki niezabudowana 05.01.2020 w Stargardzie gmina Dobrzany ustny grunty orne kl. IVa, 1 sprzedaż 0,3900 0,3500 66.000,00zł 09.00 ul. Czarnieckiego 16 obręb Odargowo nieograniczony zurbanizowane tereny 73-110 Stargard dz. nr 97 niezab. lub w trakcie zab., nieużytki rolna Sekcja Zamiejscowa Powiat stargardzki niezabudowana 05.01.2020 w Stargardzie gmina Dobrzany ustny 2 sprzedaż pastwiskai trwałe kl.