Written summary of the strategic environmental assessment results and justification for the selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme WRITTEN SUMMARY OF THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS AND JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF THE POLISH NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME 2 Written summary of the strategic environmental assessment results and justification for the selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme INDEX OF ACRONYMS...................................................................................................................... 5 1. SUMMARY OF THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ....................................…..……6 2. JUSTIFICATION FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE PROGRAMME IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MOST IMPORTANT COMMENTS, CONCLUSIONS AND FINDINGS STEMMING FROM THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.................................................................................................... 10 2.1. OBJECTIONS AND CONCERNS OF A PART OF THE POLISH SOCIETY ABOUT THE INTRODUCTION OF NUCLEAR POWER IN POLAND ......................................................................................................... 11 2.2. COMMENTS ON THE OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROJECT..................................................12 2.3. ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS AND RESULTS OF THE ANALYSES OF THE ELECTRICITY GENERATION SUBSECTOR, CONTAINED IN THE PROGRAMME AND THE FORECAST ................................................. 17 2.4. ALTERNATIVES FOR PNPP ........................................................................................................... 68 2.5. THE DECREASING IMPACT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ON THE USAGE OF FOSSIL FUELS AND CO2 EMISSIONS..................................................................................................................................... 99 2.6. IMPACT RESULTING FROM THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ............................ 120 2.7. IMPACT RESULTING FROM FUEL CYCLE ................................................................................... 168 2.8. IMPACT OF EMERGENCY CONDITIONS IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS...................................... 189 2.9. EXTERNAL THREATS TO SAFETY OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ............................................... 209 2.10. NUCLEAR REGULATORY SUPERVISION IN POLAND .................................................................. 218 2.11. DETAILED DATA OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS AND CRITERIA ADOPTED FOR THE SELECTION OF LOCATIONS................................................................................................................................... 229 2.12. HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................... 238 3. CHANGES INTRODUCED INTO THE FORECAST AS RESULT OF OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ………………………………………………..………………………….. 242 4. METHOD OF INCLUDING THE FINDINGS RESULTING FROM THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT INTO THE FINAL VERSION OF THE POLISH NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........243 5. PROPOSED METHODS AND FREQUENCY OF MONITORING OF THE RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS CONTAINED IN THE DOCUMENT...........................................248 5.1. PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH IN THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT LOCATION AREA AGAINST IONISING RADIATION AND OTHER HARMFUL INFLUENCE CONNECTED WITH THE CONSTRUCTION, COMMISSIONING, OPERATION AND DECOMMISSIONING OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ......................................................................................... 248 5.2. ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT CONDITION IN THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT LOCATION AREA AFTER THE SELECTION OF LOCATION AND THE COMMENCEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION, AND DURING CONSTRUCTION (BEFORE COMMISSIONING)................................................................................................................................... 250 3 Written summary of the strategic environmental assessment results and justification for the selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme 5.3 MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AT THE COMMISSIONING, OPERATION AND DECOMMISSIONING STAGES ............................................................................................................... 252 6. INDEXES ....................................................................................................................................................254 6.1. INDEX OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................... 254 6.2. INDEX OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................... 259 6.3. DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... 259 4 Written summary of the strategic environmental assessment results and justification for the selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme INDEX OF ACRONYMS ExternE External costs of Energy NPP Nuclear Power Plant EIA Environmental Impact Assessment GeoSOP deep storage of radioactive waste (in rock structures) SWB Surface Water Body GWB Ground Water Body NRWR National Radioactive Waste Repository RES Renewable Energy Sources OBMP Oder Basin Management Plan VBMP Vistula basin management plan NPDP Nuclear Power Development Programme WFD Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive) CSWB Combined Surface Water Body SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SEIA Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment RWR Radioactive Waste Repository EIA ACT The Act of October 3, 2008, on the Provision of Information on the Environment and its Protection, Public Participation in Environmental Protection and Environmental Impact Assessments (Dz. U. [Polish Journal of Laws] 2013 item 1235 with changes) US NRC United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission 5 Written summary of the strategic environmental assessment results and justification for the selection of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme 1. SUMMARY OF THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT On January 13, 2009, by resolution no. 4/2009 of the Council of Ministers on nuclear power development activities, a decision on elaboration of the Polish Nuclear Power Programme (PNPP) was taken of the following wording: “In order to ensure national energy security and with a view to economic development, the Polish Nuclear Power Programme will be prepared and implemented. The Government Plenipotentiary for Nuclear Power will prepare and present to the Council of Minister a draft of this programme which shall determine the number, size and possible locations for nuclear power plants. Also, the Government obliges the Minister of the Treasury to ensure cooperation of the Polish Energy Group (Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A.) in terms of preparation and implementation of the programme.” On November 10, 2009, the Council of Ministers adopted the “Energy Policy of Poland until 2030”. In the document, it was highlighted that one of the primary directions of Poland’s energy policy is: “diversification of the electricity generation portfolio by introducing nuclear energy”. Adoption of the policy followed the strategic environmental assessment of the implementation results of the Energy Policy of Poland until 2030, as part of which public consultations were conducted. From the perspective of the procedure and this summary it should be emphasised that the Polish Nuclear Power Programme is not a document which introduces nuclear power to Poland or considers viability of such actions (since it has been already done in the Forecast for the Energy Policy of Poland until). 2030 The Polish Nuclear Power Programme constitutes a framework and schedule of activities necessary to implement objectives and directions of the Energy Policy of Poland until 2030. The Polish Nuclear Power Programme depicts the scope and structure of organisation of the activities that should be undertaken in order to implement nuclear energy and ensure safe and effective operation of nuclear facilities. Works on development of a draft Polish Nuclear Power Programme were in the course from July 2010 to September 2010. Development of the draft resulted in a necessity to conduct the procedure of strategic environmental assessment. Therefore, on August 5, 2010, the Ministry of Economy submitted a letter to statutory bodies: General Director for Environmental Protection and Chief Sanitary Inspector – with a request to present the scope and the level of detail of the information required in the Forecast of the Environmental Impact Assessment. The Chief Sanitary Inspector and the General Director for Environmental Protection specified the scope of the Forecast accordingly on September 2 and 20, 2010. Based on the scope specified by the two bodies, the Ministry of Economy, by means of an open tender, appointed the contractor which under the agreement no. IV/640/15004/4390/DEJ/10 of … developed the Forecast of the Environmental Impact Assessment for the draft Polish Nuclear Power Programme. Works on the Forecast were completed on December 27, 2010. Opinions of competent bodies On June 10, 2011, the Ministry of Economy imparted, pursuant to Article 54 section 1 of the Act of October 3, 2008, on the Provision of Information on the Environment and its Protection, Public Participation in Environmental Protection and Environmental Impact Assessments