DOCSLIB.ORG

14Th International Nutrition & Diagnostics Conference INDC 2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
14Th International Nutrition & Diagnostics Conference INDC 2014 Integrative Food, Nutrition and Metabolism Research Article ISSN: 2056-8339 14th International Nutrition & Diagnostics Conference INDC 2014 Prague, Czech Republic, September 2-5, 2014 Chairman: A. Horna Scientific Organising Committee: I. Acworth, J. Ehrenbergerová, A. Horna, P. Jandera, R. Mabrouk, M. Macka, A. Marcos, M. Šamánek, H. Tlaskalová- Hogenová, J. Xiao, Z. Zadák, T. Zima Local Organising Committee: J. Blattná, A. Horna, J. Hornová, M. Hornová, J. Vávrová, Š. Voborníková, C. Garnica Ortiz *Correspondence to: A. Horna, Institute of Nutrition and Diagnostics, RADANAL, Ltd. Okruzni 613, Pardubice, Czech Republic, Tel: +420 466 650 618; Fax: +420 467 027 020; E-mail: [email protected]; Homepage: www.indc.cz The microbiome and man theatre: established concepts application of lactic acid bacteria, E. coli and E. faecalis. Such concepts and novel prospects in medicine win increasing acceptance in clinic and practice. Our group is involved in numerous experimental and clinical studies with microbiologics Rusch V* containing viable or dead E. coli, E. faecalis and autologous vaccines Old Herborn University Foundation, Institute for Integrative in sinusitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, atopy, asthma, the Biology, D35745Herborn-Dill, Germany, E-mail: volker.rusch@old- irritable bowel syndrome and other disorders. A mixture of data will herborn-university.de be presented to demonstrate significant effects in experimental and clinical situations and how regulatory signals modulate host physiology A rising flood of literature published on the topic “microbiome and immune functions, including most recent findings. and man” illustrates the growth of appreciation of a new image of man and microbes as a functional unity and its role of intimate partners Colorectal cancer and gut microbiota: Probiotics and in a symbiotic system. Surprising insights into this complex ecological prebiotics in prevention? network let familiar paradigms falter and offer new routes in adaptive Tlaskalová-Hogenová H*., Klimešová K. , Zákostelská Z. , control of numerous interdependent physiological processes at multiple Kverka M., Hornová M., Vannucci L., Štěpánková R., Kozáková H., interfaces leading to an understanding of established concepts in Hudcovic T., and Rossmann P. therapeutic and preventive intervention, the promise of better targeted research and new clinical applications. Intensive studies of metazoan Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech and human physiology and its metabolic, immune and other functions Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 and Nový Hrádek, Czech Republic, reveal that many functions are deeply influenced by symbiotic microbial E-mail: [email protected] communities and even brain and behaviour are affected. The gut brain Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy of the axis links gut and brain activities in a bi-directional communication gastrointestinal tract. More frequent incidence in industrialized system utilizing neural, endocrine and immunological signaling. A new countries than in developing once could be explained by differences in comprehension of immune functions emerged and the immune system dietary habits and lifestyle. The link between diet and pathogenesis of now appears not only as a defensive system, but also as an institution colorectal cancer is likely to be due to an imbalance of gut microbiota. organising the communication between multicellular organisms and The microbiome encodes huge numbers of catabolic and anabolic microbes. As a consequence, special attention is focused upon microbes pathways in the gut enabling it to use a vast range of substrates. The as preventive and therapeutic agents in modulation of immune composition and metabolic profile of the gut microbiota is substantially and other physiological functions, as reflected in rapidly expanding and rapidly changed after major changes in diet. Balanced interaction numbers of publications on well designed and controlled studies and between commensal bacteria and the host mucosal immune system mounting evidence on clinical efficacy. Papers mainly deal with lactic is a prerequisite for homeostasis in intestinal tract. Barrier formed by acid bacteria and to a lesser extent with other microorganisms in intestinal epithelium separates intestinal microbiota from underlying probiotics or microbiologics. The medical community vividly discusses tissues, preventing bacterial infiltration and subsequent inflammation. the potential of fecal microbiota transplants and even considers Numerous chronic diseases may occur as a result of disturbance of microbes as “psychobiotics”. In Germany, a medical association intestinal microbiota composition (“dysbiosis”), impaired mucosal for microbiological therapy developed a modular system in clinical Integr Food Nutr Metab, 2014 doi: 10.15761/IFNM.1000104 Volume 1(1): 7-82 Horna A (2014) 14th International Nutrition & Diagnostics Conference INDC 2014 barrier function and changes in mechanisms regulating mucosal 2Analytics Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam immunity. Impairment of intestinal barrier function was found Rehbruecke, Germany during development of inflammation leading to colorectal cancer 3Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston development. Carcinogenesis in the gut could be driven by the Tx, USA presence of potentially harmfull microbes or by lack of protective ones, by the production of carcinogens generated by microbes, and 4Department of Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital by the induction of inflammation and modulation of the immune Berlin, Germany system. Accumulating data suggest that ingesting of probiotics or/ 5Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute and prebiotics may be able to play a preventive role in the onset of of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbruecke, Germany, E-mail: delphine. colorectal cancer. Probiotics contribute to development and reactivity [email protected] of the mucosal immune system by promoting epithelial, dendritic, and T-cell responses. Probiotics may decrease the burden of carcinogens by Folate is one of the key vitamins involved in normal cellular influencing microbiota composition, moreover, they have stabilizing function, growth, and development. Low folate and raised homocysteine effects on the gut microbiota, potentially reducing a proinflammatory levels are risk factors for chronic inflammation. Although evidence is response. Gnotobiological approach is allowing to analyse the impact accumulating that microbially derived folates could impact the folate of defined microbes on the regulation of mucosal immunity and status of the host, their production in the gut has been so far largely carcinogenesis. Using gnotobiological methods we have shown that gut ignored. Subclinical but biochemically relevant folate deficiency microbiota promotes colitis-associated colorectal cancer by increasing occurs in 40% of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients. IBD, the exposure of gut epithelium to carcinogens. Gut microbiota and whose main manifestations are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s its metabolic activity could be potential targets for colorectal cancer disease (CD), are the result of an altered immune homeostasis within therapy. the intestinal mucosa against the gut microbiota, leading to chronic inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals. Incidence rates The link between diet, gut microbiota and disease of IBD increased dramatically in parallel with social development but expression in rodent models of human disease etiology of the disease is unclear. Our hypothesis is that serum folate Hansen A. K* deficiency in ileal CD subjects reflects an altered folate metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract due to a host and/or a gastrointestinal Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of microbiota component. Furthermore, we hypothesize that altered Copenhagen, E-mail: [email protected] folate metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract contribute to microbial An increasing amount of evidence shows that a range of human dysbiosis and increased inflammation in ileal CD patients. In the diseases, such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, colitis, obesity and first stage of this project, folate production by selected gut bacterial cancer are under impact of the diet; an impact, which often works commensals was assessed in a folate free-medium. Most strains, with in conjunction with the gut microbiota. In this context it has been the exception of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii - a species with anti- essential to perform studies in mice, in which it has been shown that inflammatory properties strongly reduced in IBD - were able to produce various dietary components within the fractions of fat, carbohydrates, both intra and extra-cellular folates. In a second stage of this project, and proteins with a documented impact on the development of disease we are defining the quantity as well as the different forms of fecal in mouse models, act through or with the gut microbiota. Sequencing folate vitamers to be obtained from 40 ileal CD patients with different techniques have allowed us a better ability to identify single bacterial serum folate status by a microbiological assay and mass spectrometry. species of importance, but it has also shown us that the more overall Furthermore, we are characterizing microbiota composition using balance between microbiota members and the time of life we meet next generation sequencing technologies. In the future, we will also these for the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Characterization of Oleaster-Leafed Pear (Pyrus Elaeagrifolia Pall
    agronomy Article Characterization of Oleaster-Leafed Pear (Pyrus elaeagrifolia Pall. subsp. elaeagrifolia) Fruits in Turkey Halil Ibrahim Sagbas 1 , Gulce Ilhan 1, Sezai Ercisli 1 , Muhammad Akbar Anjum 2 and VojtˇechHolubec 3,* 1 Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; [email protected] (H.I.S.); [email protected] (G.I.); [email protected] (S.E.) 2 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan; [email protected] 3 Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, Prague 6—Ruzynˇe, 161 06 Prague, Czech Republic * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-233-022-497 Abstract: Oleaster-leafed pear (Pyrus elaeagrifolia Pall. subsp. elaeagrifolia) fruits are used for food and dietary supplements in Turkey, and seedlings are used as rootstock for pear cultivars. Information on the effect of genotypes on oleaster-leafed pear fruit characteristics is needed in order to optimize production of quality food and dietary supplements. The characteristics of oleaster-leafed pear fruits relative to genetic background were evaluated from 16 wild grown oleaster-leafed pear genotypes at eastern Turkey. Genotype influenced ripening dates, fruit weight, fruit length/width ratio, fruit pedicel length, fruit flesh texture, fruit firmness, the number of seeds per fruit, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Analysis of the data obtained from 16 oleaster-leafed pear genotypes demonstrated a highly significant influence of genotype on fruit characteristics. The genotypes G12, G13 and G9 had the highest fruit weight (19.22, 18.54 and 18.30 g) and G9 the highest total phenolic content (122 mg gallic acid Citation: Sagbas, H.I.; Ilhan, G.; equivalent/100 g fresh fruit).
    [Show full text]
  • Origin, Domestication, and Dispersing of Pear (Pyrus Spp.)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Agriculture Volume 2014, Article ID 541097, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/541097 Review Article Origin, Domestication, and Dispersing of Pear (Pyrus spp.) G. J. Silva, Tatiane Medeiros Souza, Rosa Lía Barbieri, and Antonio Costa de Oliveira Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Federal University of Pelotas, 96001-970 Pelotas, RS, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Antonio Costa de Oliveira; [email protected] Received 11 March 2014; Accepted 29 April 2014; Published 9 June 2014 Academic Editor: Innocenzo Muzzalupo Copyright © 2014 G. J. Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The pear (Pyrus communis L.) is a typical fruit of temperate regions, having its origin and domestication at two different points, China and Asia Minor until the Middle East. It is the fifth most widely produced fruit in the world, being produced mainly in China, Europe, and the United States. Pear belongs to rosaceous family, being a close “cousin” of the apple, but with some particularities that make this fruit special with a delicate flavor. Thus, it deserves a special attention and a meticulous review of all the history involved, and the recent research devoted to it, because of the economic and cultural importance of this fruit in a range of countries and cultures. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to approach the history of the origin, domestication, and dispersal of pears, as well as reporting their botany, their current scenario in the world, and their breeding and conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1-MCP) on Postharvest Quality of ‘Ankara’ Pears During Long-Term Storage
    Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Turk J Agric For (2018) 42: 88-96 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/tar-1706-72 Impacts of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of ‘Ankara’ pears during long-term storage Mehmet Seçkin KURUBAŞ, Mustafa ERKAN* Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey Received: 23.06.2017 Accepted/Published Online: 03.10.2017 Final Version: 26.04.2018 Abstract: The effects of various concentrations of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on ‘Ankara’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) were investigated. The pears were harvested at commercial maturity level and 1-MCP (250 and 500 ppb) was applied to the fruit for 24 h at 5 °C. After 1-MCP treatments, the pears were kept at 0 °C temperature with 90%–92% relative humidity (RH) for 8 months. Fruit samples were taken at 2-month intervals from the storage room and various physical and chemical analyses, including soluble solids content, weight loss, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, skin color, respiration rate, ethylene emission, and fruit taste were carried out on the fruit samples during the storage and shelf-life periods. Treatment with 1-MCP reduced weight loss and the loss of titratable acidity. Furthermore, fruit treated with 1-MCP had higher flesh firmness, soluble solids content, chroma (C*), and hue (h°) values at the end of the storage and shelf-life period. Ethylene emission and respiration rate were also inhibited by 1-MCP applications. The 500 ppb 1-MCP application was the most appropriate concentration for preserving the postharvest quality of pears.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2016/016826 Al 4 February 2016 (04.02.2016) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/016826 Al 4 February 2016 (04.02.2016) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (74) Agent: xyAJ PARK; Level 22, State Insurance Tower, 1 A01H 1/06 (2006.01) C12N 15/61 (2006.01) Willis Street, Wellington (NZ). C12N 15/29 (2006.01) A01H 5/08 (2006.01) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C12N 15/113 (2010.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, (21) International Application Number: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, PCT/IB2015/055743 BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 30 July 2015 (30.07.2015) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, (25) Filing Language: English MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (26) Publication Language: English SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, (30) Priority Data: TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. 6282 14 1 August 2014 (01.08.2014) NZ (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (72) Inventors; and kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicants : DARE, Andrew Patrick [NZ/NZ]; 40 Jef GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, ferson Street, Glendowie, Auckland, 1071 (NZ).
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Inventory No. 214 Is the Official Listing of Plant Materials Accepted Into the U.S
    United States Department of Agriculture Plant Inventory Agricultural Research Service No. 214 Plant Materials Introduced in 2005 (Nos. 636445 - 641917) Foreword Plant Inventory No. 214 is the official listing of plant materials accepted into the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) between January 1 and December 31, 2005 and includes PI 636445 to PI 641917. The NPGS is managed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS). The information on each accession is essentially the information provided with the plant material when it was obtained by the NPGS. The information on an accession in the NPGS database may change as additional knowledge is obtained. The Germplasm Resources Information Network (http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/index.html) is the database for the NPGS and should be consulted for the current accession and evaluation information and to request germplasm. While the USDA/ARS attempts to maintain accurate information on all NPGS accessions, it is not responsible for the quality of the information it has been provided. For questions about this volume, contact the USDA/ARS/National Germplasm Resources Laboratory/Database Management Unit: [email protected] The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA Office of Communications at (202) 720-2791. To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants Resistant Or Susceptible to Armillaria Mellea, the Oak Root Fungus
    Plants Resistant or Susceptible to Armillaria mellea, The Oak Root Fungus Robert D. Raabe Department of Environmental Science and Management University of California , Berkeley Armillaria mellea is a common disease producing fungus found in much of California . It commonly occurs naturally in roots of oaks but does not damage them unless they are weakened by other factors. When oaks are cut down, the fungus moves through the dead wood more rapidly than through living wood and can exist in old roots for many years. It also does this in roots of other infected trees. Infection takes place by roots of susceptible plants coming in contact with roots in which the fungus is active. Some plants are naturally susceptible to being invaded by the fungus. Many plants are resistant to the fungus and though the fungus may infect them, little damage occurs. Such plants, however, if they are weakened in any way may become susceptible and the fungus may kill them. The plants listed here are divided into three groups. Those listed as resistant are rarely damaged by the fungus. Those listed as moderately resistant frequently become infected but rarely are killed by the fungus. Those listed as susceptible are severely infected and usually are killed by the fungus. The fungus is variable in its ability to infect plants and to damage them. Thus in some areas where the fungus occurs, more plant species may be killed than in areas where other strains of the fungus occur. The list is composed of two parts. In Part A, the plants were tested in two ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Tree Types of the World Map
    Abarema abbottii-Abarema acreana-Abarema adenophora-Abarema alexandri-Abarema asplenifolia-Abarema auriculata-Abarema barbouriana-Abarema barnebyana-Abarema brachystachya-Abarema callejasii-Abarema campestris-Abarema centiflora-Abarema cochleata-Abarema cochliocarpos-Abarema commutata-Abarema curvicarpa-Abarema ferruginea-Abarema filamentosa-Abarema floribunda-Abarema gallorum-Abarema ganymedea-Abarema glauca-Abarema idiopoda-Abarema josephi-Abarema jupunba-Abarema killipii-Abarema laeta-Abarema langsdorffii-Abarema lehmannii-Abarema leucophylla-Abarema levelii-Abarema limae-Abarema longipedunculata-Abarema macradenia-Abarema maestrensis-Abarema mataybifolia-Abarema microcalyx-Abarema nipensis-Abarema obovalis-Abarema obovata-Abarema oppositifolia-Abarema oxyphyllidia-Abarema piresii-Abarema racemiflora-Abarema turbinata-Abarema villifera-Abarema villosa-Abarema zolleriana-Abatia mexicana-Abatia parviflora-Abatia rugosa-Abatia spicata-Abelia corymbosa-Abeliophyllum distichum-Abies alba-Abies amabilis-Abies balsamea-Abies beshanzuensis-Abies bracteata-Abies cephalonica-Abies chensiensis-Abies cilicica-Abies concolor-Abies delavayi-Abies densa-Abies durangensis-Abies fabri-Abies fanjingshanensis-Abies fargesii-Abies firma-Abies forrestii-Abies fraseri-Abies grandis-Abies guatemalensis-Abies hickelii-Abies hidalgensis-Abies holophylla-Abies homolepis-Abies jaliscana-Abies kawakamii-Abies koreana-Abies lasiocarpa-Abies magnifica-Abies mariesii-Abies nebrodensis-Abies nephrolepis-Abies nordmanniana-Abies numidica-Abies pindrow-Abies pinsapo-Abies
    [Show full text]
  • 'Körte' (Pyrus Communis
    A cta A gronomica Ó váriensis V ol . 58. N o. 2 . Szemelvények a ’körte’ ( Pyrus communis L.) taxonómiai vonatkozásaihoz IVÁNCSICS JÓZSEF 1 - VARG A JENŐ 2 1 Széchenyi István Egyetem, Mezőgazdaság - és Élelmiszertudományi Kar 2 NAIK Gyümölcstermesztési Kutatóintézet, Sarród Ö SSZEFOGLALÁS Elkülönítésre kerültek azok a ‘körtefajok’, amelyek az európai és eurázsiai fajták kialakulásában, nemesítésében vettek részt, később pedig Amerikából vagy távolabbi kontinensről, így Ausztráliából érkező fajták nemesítésében jelenhettek meg. Valamint elkülönítésre kerültek azok a fajok is, amelyek a távolkeleti (kínai és japán) ‘körték’ kialakulásában és nemesítésé ben játszottak szerepet. Fenti botanikai és részben növénytani elemzés nem lehet teljes, mert feltehetően a fentiekben leírt fajokon kívül más ‘fajok’ vagy ‘fajták’, esetlegesen eltérő ‘taxonok’ is részt vehettek egyes ma termesztett fajták végső kialakulá sában. Ugyanakkor mintegy térképet kívántunk adni a ‘körte’ eredeti elterjedéséhez, s rámutatni kívántunk a rendszerezés irányvonalára. Az egyes fajták értékmérő tulajdonságainak megállapítása mellett valóban fontos cél a fajták eredetének feltárása. Ezt a botanikai és egyre inkább kiszélesedő genetikai kutatást a jövőben is az árugyümölcs megfelelő minősége érdekében fejtjük ki, annál is inkább mivel számos, régen termesztett, már - már elfeledett fajta kerülhet vissza ökológiai vagy egyéb speciális kultúráb a. A termesztésbe vont fajták esetében a származás egyértelmű megállapítása biztosítékot nyújthat egyes termesztési eljárások alkalmazására,
    [Show full text]
  • World Pear & Quince Collections
    World Pear Collection USDA GENEBANK, CORVALLIS, OREGON curator: [email protected] September 2016 In 1980 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), established the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon. This genebank conserves temperate, specialty fruit and nut crops by maintaining globally diverse living collections. Heirloom pear varieties, foreign introductions and Pyrus wild relatives are available from the Repository for research, breeding and education. These genetic resources provide solutions for growers confronted with new diseases or insects, and changing climate. Pear accessions are evaluated for useful and unique traits, tested for virus contamination, and documented in a national public germplasm database. Seed collections represent wild species populations. The Pyrus genebank has nearly 2,300 trees including: The Corvallis genebank maintains 2,297 clonal pear • 990 European Cultivars accessions and 364 seedlots representing 36 Pyrus taxa from • 190 Asian Cultivars 55 countries. About 250 clones are backed up in vitro as shoot • 120 Hybrid Cultivars cultures at 40° F, and 330 clones are backed up as small • 170 Rootstock Selections potted greenhouse trees. Corvallis has an ideal climate for a • 28 Perry (cider) Cultivars World Pear Collection due the favorable climate and low • 924 Wild Relative Species Trees incidence of disease. Pyrus Accessions by Country of Origin – 55 Countries Most Requested Last 5 Years Afghanistan 2 Israel 6 Serbia 18 Rank Accession
    [Show full text]
  • Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi
    T.C. ORDU ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ GÜRGENTEPE (ORDU) İLÇESİNDE YETİŞTİRİLEN YEREL ARMUT ÇEŞİTLERİNİN MEYVE VE AĞAÇ ÖZELLİKLERİ DERYA KILIÇ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ ORDU 2015 I II ÖZET GÜRGENTEPE (ORDU) İLÇESİNDE YETİŞTİRİLEN YEREL ARMUT ÇEŞİTLERİNİN MEYVE VE AĞAÇ ÖZELLİKLERİ Derya KILIÇ Ordu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, 2015 Yüksek Lisans Tezi, syf. 79s. Danışman: Prof. Dr. Saim Zeki BOSTAN Bu çalışma 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında Ordu ilinin Gürgentepe ilçesinde yetiştirilen yerel armut çeşitlerinin meyve ve ağaç özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ilçede yetiştirilen yerel armut çeşitlerinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre 23 yerel çeşitte ortalama meyve ağırlığı 36.23 g (Çörtük) ile 159.73 g (Küpdüşen); meyve çapı 41.42 mm (Çörtük) ile 69.21 mm (Pamuk); meyve boyu 41.37 mm (Çörtük) ile 74.75 mm (Hamderme); meyve suyunda pH değeri 3.76 (Limon) ile 4.77 (Serende); suda çözünür kuru madde içeriği % 6.59 (Küpdüşen) ile % 15.37 (Çatal) ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı % 0.058 (Kürtün) ile % 0.52 (Limon), tam çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen süre 139 gün (Gavum) ile 190 gün (Daş) arasında değişmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: : Armut, Yerel Çeşit, Fenoloji, Morfoloji, Pomoloji, Ordu III ABSTRACT FRUIT AND TREE CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL PEAR CULTIVARS GROWING IN GÜRGENTEPE COUNTY (ORDU PROVINCE, TURKEY) Derya KILIÇ University of Ordu Institute for Graduate Studies in Science and Technology Department of Horticulture, 2015 MSc. Thesis, p.,79s. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Saim Zeki BOSTAN This study was carried out to determined the fruit and tree characteristics of local pear cultivars in Gürgentepe county of Ordu (Turkey) province in 2013 and 2014 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Popular Information
    ARNOLD ARBORETUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF POPULAR INFORMATION NEW SERIES. VOLUME X 1924 NEW SERIES VOL. X NO.1 ARNOLD ARBORETUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF POPULAR INFORMATION JAMAICA PLAIN, MASS. APRIL 30, 1924 The Pinetum. The plants in the Pinetum have not before passed through the winter in better condition than they have this year. Even most of the species about which we are always more or less concerned are now in good condition. The most injured species is the short- leaved Pine of the southern states, Pinus echinata. This is a widely distributed and extremely valuable timber tree, ranging from Long Island and Staten Island, New York, to Florida and westward to Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Missouri, being the principal timber Pine west of the Mississippi River. The largest plants in the Arboretum have been growing here since 1879 and were raised from seeds gathered in Mis- souri. The leaves have always suffered and are sometimes entirely killed, the trees producing a new crop, or the ends are killed as they have been during the past winter. The trees are poor and thin, and probably will never be of much value in New England for ornament or timber. The other conifer which has suffered during the winter is Tsuga heterophylla, one of the largest and most beautiful conifers of our northwest coast where it ranges from Alaska to Washington and California, and eastward to the western base of the Rocky Mountains of Idaho. The coast tree has often been planted in Europe with great success but it has not proved hardy in New England.
    [Show full text]
  • In Vitro Shoot Proliferation and in Vitro and Ex Vitro Root Formation of Pyrus Elaeagrifolia Pallas
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 31 March 2015 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00225 In vitro shoot proliferation and in vitro and ex vitro root formation of Pyrus elaeagrifolia Pallas Ahmet Aygun1* and Hatice Dumanoglu2 1 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey, 2 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Shoot-tip cultures of Pyrus elaeagrifolia Pallas, an important gene source for drought and chlorosis resistance in pear rootstock breeding, were established from a wild mature tree originated from seed. Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) singly or in combination with auxin was used in the study. In the initial culture, the highest percentages (>80%) of shoot proliferation were obtained in the mediums supplemented with 9.0 µMBAand0.5µMindole- 3-acetic acid. In the subcultures, the highest shoot proliferation rates were obtained in the medium containing 4.5 and 9.0 µM BA. The shoot proliferation rates ranged from 91.1 ± 2.4 to 96.4 ± 2.0% in the second subculture and from 76.7 ± 7.8 Edited by: to 89.4 ± 3.3% in the third subculture. In the second subculture, the shoots grown Andrea Polle, µ ± Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, on 9.0 M BA without auxin produced the best proliferation (10.6 1.6). For the Germany in vitro rooting experiments, the highest rooting rate (54.2 ± 10.4%), root length Reviewed by: (10.5 ± 2.4 mm), and root number (2.5 ± 0.6) were obtained from 10 days dark Thomas Teichmann, treatment on the medium containing half strength of macronutrients supplemented with Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany 5 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).
    [Show full text]