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GFDRR Country Notes Dominica DOMINICA

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GFDRR Country Notes Dominica DOMINICA SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT UNIT n LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Disaster Risk Management in Latin America and the Caribbean Region: GFDRR Country Notes Dominica DOMINICA COUNTRIES AT RELATIVELY HIGH MORTALITY RISK FROM MULTIPLE HAZARDS (Top 35 based on population with 3 or more hazards)a 1. Taiwan, China 2. El Salvador 3. Costa Rica 5. Dominica 6. Antigua and Barbuda 7. Guatemala 9. DOMINICA 11. Nicaragua 14. Honduras 17. Colombia 20. Trinidad and Tobago 23. Chile 26. Mexico 33. Venezuela 35. Panama a Dilley et al. (2005). Table 1.2. The combination of rainfall, geology and topography in Dominica is particularly favorable to the development of landslides of various types. Dominica Haiti Panama Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100.00 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50.00 Local Events (2006-8) 0.00 Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) LCR 17 Average Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Panama Colombia Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100.00 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50.00 Local Events (2006-8) 0.00 Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) LCR 17 Average Haiti Exposure & Physical Susceptibility Colombia (2007) 1,000,000 8% 800,000 16% 600,000 76% 400,000 c Costa Rica Relative Vulnerability and Risk Indicators 200,000 Major Disaster Impact (2000) 0 ■ Storm ■ Drought ■ Flood Storm Risk management Index Local Events (2007) (2008) Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100.00 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50.00 Local Events (2006-8) Exposure & Physical Lack of Resilience (2007) 0.00 Susceptibility (2007) LAC 16 Average Colombia Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) Socio-economic Fragility Panama LCR 17 Average 80,000 Exposure & Physical Susceptibility Costa Rica 70,000 (2007) 43% 60,000 50,000 7% 2% 40,000 10% 30,000 37% 20,000 10,000 Ecuador 0 Flood Storm Flood Epidemic Earthquake Drought Storm Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100.00 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50.00 Local Events (2006-8) Colombia 2,500,000 0.00 2,000,000 2% 2% 73% Socio-economic1,500,000 Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) 1,000,000 23% LCR 17 Average 500,000 Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Ecuador 0 Flood Earthquake Drought Earthquake Insect Inf. Storm Volcano Storm Guatemala Costa Rica 400,000 350,000 300,000 2% 68% 250,000 Major Disaster Impact (2000) 200,000 100 150,000 30% 100,000 50,000Lack of Resilience (2007) 50 Local Events (2000) 0 Storm Flood Earthquake Drought Earthquake* Flood Storm 0 Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) Ecuador LCR 17 Average 2,000,000 Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Guatemala 1,500,000 3% 63% 1,000,000 20% 500,000 7% 1% 5% 0 Earthquake* Flood Mass mov. wet Volcano Flood Epidemic Earthquake Antigua and BarbudaDrought Volcano Mass mov. wet Guatemala 2,000,000 2% 58% 1,500,000 18% 1,000,000 15% 500,000 3% 3% 0 Storm Flood Epidemic Drought Flood Storm Earthquake Drought Volcano Antigua and Barbuda 600,000 500,000 53% 400,000 Belize 300,000 47% 200,000 100,000 0 Storm Storm Drought Belize 600,000 500,000 1% 400,000 99% 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 Storm Storm Flood Dominica Bolivia Natural Disasters from 1980 - 2007b Bolivia 2,000,000 Affected People Economic Damages Disaster Date Affected (Number of People) Disaster Date Cost (US$ x 1,000) 1,500,000 Storm 1984 10,000 Storm 1995 175,000 3% Major Disaster Impact (2000) Storm 2007 7,530 61% 100 Storm 1989 20,000 Storm 1995 5,001 1,000,000Storm 1995 20,286 Storm 1999 715 Storm 2007 20,000 36% Storm 1989 710 500,000Storm 1984 2,000 Storm 2001 175Lack of Resilience (2007) 50 Storm 1980Local Events 0(2006-8) Earthquake* 2004 100 Storm 1999 0 0 Storm 1980 0 Storm 2001 0 Drought Flood Mass mov. wet Drought Flood Mass mov. wet Storm 1995 0 0 Earthquake* 2004 0 Statistics by Disaster Typeb SDominicaocio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) Population Affected by Disaster Type Economic Damages / Disaster Type (1000s US$) 250,000 LCR 17 Average Exposure & Physical200,000 Susceptibility Bolivia (2007) 150,000 100% 100,000 50,000 0 Storm Storm Dominica Dominican Republic 3,000,000 2,500,000 55% 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 45% 500,000 0 Flood Storm Flood Storm El Salvador 3,500,000 3,000,000 b UN (2009). http://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/statistics/?cid=51.2,500,000 Source data from EM-DAT. Data displayed does not imply national endorsement.2% 4% 76% 2,000,000 Dominican Republic5% 1,500,000 13% 1,000,000 115 500,000 0 Drought Earthquake* Flood Storm Earthquake Drought Storm Flood Epidemics Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100 Grenada Lack of Resilience (2007) 50 Local Events (2000) 1,000,000 0 800,000 100% Socio-economic Fragility600,000 (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) 400,000 LCR 17 Average 200,000 Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Dominican Republic Storm 0 Storm Honduras El Salvador 5,000,000 4,000,000 66% 3,000,000 12% Major Disaster Impact (2000) 2,000,000 100 23% 1,000,000 Lack of Resilience0 (2007) 50 Local Events (2000) Storm Flood Drought Flood Storm 0 Jamaica Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) 2,500,000 LCR 17 Average 2,000,000 66% Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) El Salvador 1,500,000 1,000,000 34% 500,000 0 Flood Storm Storm Flood Grenada Nicaragua 2,000,000 59% 1,500,000 11% 1,000,000 500,000 20% 11% 0 Storm Flood Drought Earthquake* Storm Wildfire Volcano Peru 2,500,000 2,000,000 38% 2% 1,500,000 Honduras 8% 15% 1,000,000 Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100 6% 26% 500,000 5% 0 Extreme Temp. Epidemics Earthquake DroughtLack of ResilienceDrought (200Earthquake*7) Flood50 Mass mov. wet Local Events (2000) Storm Mass mov. wet Flood 0 Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) St Kitts and Nevis LCR 17 Average Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Honduras 800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 100% 400,000 300,000 Jamaica 200,000 Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100,000 100 0 Storm Storm Lack of Resilience (2007) 50 Local Events (2000) St Lucia 0 1,200,000 1,000,000Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) 800,000 LCR 17 Average 100% 600,000 Exposure & Physical Susceptibility Jamaica 400,000 (2007) 200,000 0 Storm Storm Nicaragua St Vincent and the grenadines Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100 40,000 35,000 30,000 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50 Local Events (2000) 25,000 6% 94% 20,000 15,000 0 10,000 5,000 0 Storm Flood Socio-economic FragilityFlood (2007) Storm Risk Management Index (2008) LCR 17 Average Nicaragua Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Peru Major Disaster Impact (2000) 100.00 Lack of Resilience (2007) 50.00 Local Events (2006-8) 0.00 Socio-economic Fragility (2007) Risk Management Index (2008) LCR 17 Average Exposure & Physical Susceptibility (2007) Peru St Kitts and Nevis St Lucia St Vincent and the grenadines Disaster Risk Management in Latin America and the Caribbean Region: GFDRR Country Notes disastER risK PROfiLE and the damage or destruction of some 80% of the island’s housing stock. In August 2007, Dominica Dominica is the northernmost member of the was impacted by Hurricane Dean with gusts up to Windward Island group of the Caribbean. It is 170 km/h and about 200mm rainfall over an 18- north of Martinique located at 15 o 25’ north latitude hour period. The hurricane resulted in flooding and by 61 o 20’ west longitude. The island occupies landslides in parts of the island and strong waves approximately 751 km2 and is approximately 48 km affected coastal areas. The agricultural sector (crop, on the north-south axis and approximately 24 km in livestock, fisheries) was hardest hit. the east-west direction. The country supports an estimated population of 110,000 persons. Dominica is a mountainous volcanic island with Geological Hazards steep terrain features. The highest point on the island is Morne Diablotin which rises to approximately Dominica is considered the most geologically 1,447 m and is located in the northern area of the active island in the Caribbean. It lies close to the island. Morne Trois Piton rises to approximately 1,424 eastern margin of the Caribbean plate and is the only m and is located in the southern section of the island. island with more than one volcano. Dominica has Much of Dominica’s center is dominated by steeply eight volcanoes. Earthquake activity originates from dissected terrain. As a result, population centers tend to two sources, tectonic activity associated with plate be located along mountain tops and stream valleys with movement and magma displacement associated with the majority of the population, nearly 90%, located in volcanic activity. The severe topography of the island settlements along the coastal fringe of the island. favors landslide potential and flooding from the island’s many streams; this is a significant recurrent event. Dominica experiences some of the highest Dominica is considered by the scientific community to annual rainfall amounts in the region which are be at significant risk from volcanic eruption within the heavily influenced by orographic effects. As next 100 years. a result, annual rainfall totals vary across the island depending on the topographic setting. There is some seasonality to the rainfall distribution but amounts typically range from 500 cm along the coast to over Seismic Activity 900 cm annually. This rainfall coupled with the island’s steep topography contributes to the increased risk of Most of the seismic activity on Dominica is landslide and floods.
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