The First Vector Computers
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Annual Reports of FCCSET Subcommittee Annual Trip Reports To
Annual Reports of FCCSET Subcommittee Annual trip reports to supercomputer manufacturers trace the changes in technology and in the industry, 1985-1989. FY 1986 Annual Report of the Federal Coordinating Council on Science, Engineering and Technology (FCCSET). by the FCCSET Ocnmittee. n High Performance Computing Summary During the past year, the Committee met on a regular basis to review government and industry supported programs in research, development, and application of new supercomputer technology. The Committee maintains an overview of commercial developments in the U.S. and abroad. It regularly receives briefings from Government agency sponsored R&D efforts and makes such information available, where feasible, to industry and universities. In addition, the committee coordinates agency supercomputer access programs and promotes cooperation with particular emphasis on aiding the establish- ment of new centers and new communications networks. The Committee made its annual visit to supercomputer manufacturers in August and found that substantial progress had been made by Cray Research and ETA Systems toward developing their next generations of machines. The Cray II and expanded Cray XMP series supercomputers are now being marketed commercially; the Committee was briefed on plans for the next generation of Cray machines. ETA Systems is beyond the prototype stage for the ETA-10 and planning to ship one machine this year. A ^-0 A 1^'Tr 2 The supercomputer vendors continue to have difficulty in obtaining high performance IC's from U.S. chip makers, leaving them dependent on Japanese suppliers. In some cases, the Japanese chip suppliers are the same companies, e.g., Fujitsu, that provide the strongest foreign competition in the supercomputer market. -
(52) Cont~Ol Data
C) (52) CONT~OL DATA literature and Distribution Services ~~.) 308 North Dale Street I st. Paul. Minnesota 55103 rJ 1 August 29, 1983 "r--"-....." (I ~ __ ,I Dear Customer: Attached is the third (3) catalog supplement since the 1938 catalog was published . .. .·Af ~ ~>J if-?/t~--62--- G. F. Moore, Manager Literature & Distribution Services ,~-" l)""... ...... I _._---------_._----_._----_._-------- - _......... __ ._.- - LOS CATALOG SUPPLEPtENT -- AUGUST 1988 Pub No. Rev [Page] TITLE' [ extracted from catalog entry] Bind Price + = New Publication r = Revision - = Obsolete r 15190060 [4-07] FULL SCREEN EDITOR (FSEDIT) RM (NOS 1 & 2) .......•...•.•...•••........... 12.00 r 15190118 K [4-07] NETWORK JOB ENTRY FACILITY (NJEF) IH8 (NOS 2) ........................... 5.00 r 15190129 F [4-07] NETWORK JOB ENTRY FACILITY (NJEF) RM (NOS 2) .........•.......•........... + 15190150 C [4-07] NETWORK TRANSFER FACILITY (NTF) USAGE (NOS/VE) .......................... 15.00 r 15190762 [4-07] TIELINE/NP V2 IHB (L642) (NOS 2) ........................................ 12.00 r 20489200 o [4-29] WREN II HALF-HEIGHT 5-114" DISK DRIVE ................................... + 20493400 [4-20] CDCNET DEVICE INTERFACE UNITS ........................................... + 20493600 [4-20] CDCNET ETHERNET EQUIPMENT ............................................... r 20523200 B [4-14] COMPUTER MAINTENANCE SERVICES - DEC ..................................... r 20535300 A [4-29] WREN II 5-1/4" RLL CERTIFIED ............................................ r 20537300 A [4-18] SOFTWARE -
Frontiers of Supercomputing
by B. L. Buzbee, N. Metropolis, and D. H. Sharp scientists two years to do may be reduced to needed for rapid progress. two months of effort. When this happens. Before presenting highlights of the con- practice in many fields of science and tech- ference we will review in more depth the nology will be revolutionized. importance of supercomputing and the These radical changes would also have a trends in computer performance that form needs. Electronic computers were developed, large and rapid impact on the nation’s econ- the background for the conference dis- in fact, during and after World War 11 to omy and security. The skill and effectiveness cussions. meet the need for numerical simulation in the with which supercomputers can be used to design of nuclear weapons, aircraft, and design new and more economical civilian The Importance of Supercomputers conventional ordnance. Today. the avail- aircraft will determine whether there is em.. ability of supercomputers ten thousand times ployrnent in Seattle or in a foreign city. The term “supercomputer” refers to the faster than the first electronic devices is Computer-aided design of automobiles is most powerful scientific computer available having a profound impact on all branches of already playing an important role in De- at a given time. The power of a computer is science and engineering—from astrophysics troit’s effort to recapture its position in the measured by its speed, storage capacity to elementary particle physics. from fusion automobile market. The speed and accuracy (memory). and precision. Today’s com- energy research to automobile design. -
R00456--FM Getting up to Speed
GETTING UP TO SPEED THE FUTURE OF SUPERCOMPUTING Susan L. Graham, Marc Snir, and Cynthia A. Patterson, Editors Committee on the Future of Supercomputing Computer Science and Telecommunications Board Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. www.nap.edu THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Gov- erning Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engi- neering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for ap- propriate balance. Support for this project was provided by the Department of Energy under Spon- sor Award No. DE-AT01-03NA00106. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number 0-309-09502-6 (Book) International Standard Book Number 0-309-54679-6 (PDF) Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 2004118086 Cover designed by Jennifer Bishop. Cover images (clockwise from top right, front to back) 1. Exploding star. Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Center for Supernova Research, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. 2. Hurricane Frances, September 5, 2004, taken by GOES-12 satellite, 1 km visible imagery. U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. 3. Large-eddy simulation of a Rayleigh-Taylor instability run on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory MCR Linux cluster in July 2003. -
VHSIC and ETA10
VHSIC and The First CMOS and Only Cryogenically Cooled Super Computer David Bondurant Former Honeywell Solid State Electronics Division VHSIC System Applications Manager ETA10 Supercomputer at MET Office - UK’s National Weather Forecasting Service Sources • “Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) Final Program Report 1980-1990, VHSIC Program Office”, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Deputy Director, Defense Research and Engineering for Research and Advanced Technology, September 30, 1990 • Carlson, Sullivan, Bach, and Resnick, “The ETA10 Liquid-Nitrogen-Cooled Supercomputer System”, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 36, No. 8, August 1989. • Cummings and Chase, “High Density Packaging for Supercomputers” • Tony Vacca, “First Hand: The First CMOS And The Only Cryogenically Cooled Supercomputer”, ethw.org • Robert Peglar, “The ETA Era or How to (Mis-)Manage a Company According to Control Data Corp.”, April 17, 1990 Background • I graduated from Missouri S&T in May 1971 • My first job was at Control Data Corporation, the leading Supercomputer Company • I worked in Memory Development • CDC 7600 was in production, 8600 (Cray 1) was in development by Seymour Cray in Chippewa Falls, WI • Star 100 Vector Processor was in Development in Arden Hills • I was assigned to the development of the first DRAM Memory Module for a CDC Supercomputer • I designed the DRAM Module Tester Using ECL Logic Control Data Corporation Arden Hills • First DRAM Module was 4Kx32 using 128 1K DRAM Development Center - June 1971 Chips -
Icase Interim Report 6
NASA Contractor Report 181764 ICASE INTERIM REPORT 6 A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PARALLEL AND VECTOR NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS James M. Ortega, Robert G. Voigt, and Charles H. Romine - NASA Contract No. NAS1-18107, NASI-18605 December 1988 (EASA-CR- 181764) A BXELIOGEIFHY 08 PARALLEL N89-163Sb A10 VLCICG IUBBBICAL ALGORIILt5 Iinal Report OASA) 90 CSCL 0913 Unclar G3/61 0169713 INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23665 Operated by the Universities Space Research Association National Aeronautics and Space Ad ministration Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia 23665-5225 ICASE INTERIM REPORTS ICASE has introduced a new report series to be called ICASE lntcrim Reports. The series will complement the more familiar blue ICASE reports that have becn distributed for many years. The blue reports are intended as preprints of research that has been submitted for publication in either rcferccd journals or conference proceedings. In general, the green Interim Report will not be submit- ted for publication, at least not in its printed form. It will be used for research that has reached a certain level of maturity but needs additional refinement, for technical reviews or position statements, for bibliographies, and for computer software. The Interim Reports will receive the same distribution as the ICASE Reports. They will be available upon request in the future, and they may be referenced in other publications. Robert G. Voigt Director i A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PARALLEL AND VECTOR NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS JAMES M. ORTEGA', ROBERT G. VOIGTt AND CHARLES H. ROlllINEt Since parallel and vector computation is expanding rapidly, we hope that the refer- ences we have collected over the years will be of some value to researchers entering the field. -
Towards the Teraflop in CFD
NASA-CR-197947 Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science NASA Ames Research Center Towards the Teraflop in CFD Robert Schreiber and Horst D. Simon (NASA-CR-197947) TOWAROS THE N95-235_4 TERAFLOP CFO (Research Inst. for Advanced Computer Science) 35 p Unclas G3/62 0043880 RIACS Technical Report TR 92.12 May 1, 1992 To appear in Parallel CFD - Implementations and Results Using Parallel Computers, Horst D. Simon editor, MIT Press, 1992. Towards the Teraflop in CFD Robert Schreiber and Horst D. Simon The Research Institute of Advanced Computer Science is operated by Universities Space Research Association, The American City Building, Suite 311, Columbia, MD 244, (301)730-2656 Work reported herein was supported in part by the NAS Systems Division of NASA via Cooperative Agree- ment NCC 2-387 between NASA and the University Space Research Association (USRA). Work was per- formed at the Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science (RIACS), NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035. Towards the Teraflop in CFD Robert Schreiber 1 and Horst D. Simon 2 Mail Stop T045-1 NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA 94035 May 1, 1992 Abstract We are surveying current projects in the area of parallel super- computers. The machines considered here will become commercially available in the 1990 - 1992 time frame. All are suitable for exploring the critical issues in applying parallel processors to large scale scientific computations, in particular CFD calculations. This chapter presents an overview of the surveyed machines, and a detailed analysis of the various architectural and technology approaches taken. Particular em- phasis is placed on the feasibility of a Teraflops capability following the paths proposed by various developers. -
Icase Interim Report 3
NASA Contractor Report 178335 ICASE INTERIM REPORT 3 A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PARALLEL AND VECTOR NUMERICAL ALGORIlTMS J. M. Ortega andR. G. Voigt NASA Contract No. NAS1-18107 July 1987 (kASA<€i-178335) A BIELICGfiAEBP Gbl PABBLLEL ~a7-2t570 ABD VECTOR NUMERICAL AIGCIRJlhLS Final Report (&ASA) 125 p Avail: RTIS EIC AC6/WP A01 CSCL 09B Unclas ~3161 ooa76zi INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23665 Operated by the Universities Space Research Association National Aeronautics and Space Administration ~ROS-tCtlC6llta Hampton,Virginla 23665 ICASE INTERIM REPORTS ICASE has introduced a new report series to be called ICASE Interim Rcports. The series will complement the more familiar blue ICASE reports that have bccn distributed for many years. The blue reports are intended as preprints of research that has been submitted for publication in either refereed journals or conference proceedings. In general, the green Interim Report will not be submit- ted for publication, at least not in its printed form. It will be used for research that has reached a certain level of maturity but needs additional refincment, for technical reviews or position statements, for bibliographies, and for computer software. The Interim Reports will receive the same distribution as the ICASE Reports. They will be available upon request in the future, and they may bc referenced in other publications. Robcrt G. Voigt Di rcc t or i A Bibliography on Parallel and Vector Numerical Algorithms Since parallel and vector computation is expanding rapidly, we hope that the references we have collected over the years will be of some value to researchers entering the field. -
National Bureau of Standards Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Parallel Computers
NBS NATL INST OF STANDARDS & TECH R.I.C. A111DB PUBLICATIONS 5423b? All 102542367 Salazar, Sandra B/Natlonal Bureau of Sta QC100 .1156 NO. 86- 3395 1986 V19 C.1 NBS-P NBSIR 86-3395 National Bureau of Standards Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Parallel Computers Sandra B. Salazar Carl H. Smith U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards Center for Computer Systems Engineering Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 July 1986 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS QC 100 - U 5 6 86-3395 1986 C. 2 NBS RESEARCH INFORMATION CENTER NBSIR 86-3395 * 9 if National Bureau of Standards Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Parallel Computers Sandra B. Salazar Carl H. Smith U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards Center for Computer Systems Engineering Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 July 1986 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS NBSIR 86-3395 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS WORKSHOP ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PARALLEL COMPUTERS Sandra B. Salazar Carl H. Smith U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards . Center for Computer Systems Engineering Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 July 1986 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director o'* NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS WORKSHOP ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PARALLEL COMPUTERS Sandra B. Salazar and Carl H. Smith * U.S. Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standards Center for Computer Systems Engineering Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 The Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology of the National Bureau of Standards held a workshop on June 5 and 6 of 1985 in Gaithersburg, Maryland to discuss techniques for the measurement and evaluation of parallel computers. -
19850008216.Pdf
/ 17/,45C,4Z-/_Z,,m<_o NASA Contractor Report 172500 ICASE REPORT NO. 85-1 NASA-CR-172500 i 19850008216 . i + . J ICASE z- SOLUTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ON VECTOR AND PARALLEL COMPUTERS James M. Ortega Robert G. Volgt Fo_ _F,_ERENCE Contract Nos. NASI-17070 and NASI-17130 _O_YOB£TAgE_rBO_r_mP_O_ January 1985 INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23665 Operated by the Universities Space Research Association LIBIItttlY _! .. /i o National Aeronautics and Space Administration LANGLEYRESEARCHCENTER LIBRARY,NA_SA Langley Research Center HAMPTON,VIRGINIA Hampton,Virginia23665 SOLUTION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ON VECTOR AND PARALLEL COMPUTERS James M. Ortega University of Virginia Robert G. Voigt Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering ABSTRACT In this paper we review the present status of numerical methods for partial differential equations on vector and parallel computers. A discussion of the relevant aspects of these computers and a brief review of their development is included, with par- ticular attention paid to those characteristics that influence algorithm selecUon. Both direct and iteraUve methods are given for elliptic equations as well as explicit and impli- cit methods for initial-boundary value problems. The intent is to point out attractive methods as well as areas where this class of computer architecture cannot be fully utilized because of either hardware restricUons or the lack of adequate algorithms. A brief dis- cussion of application areas utilizing these computers is included. Research of the first author was supported in part by the National Aeronautics and .Space Administration under NASA Grant NAG-I-46. -
Norris Approved Bio 2008
David Norris <[email protected]> Thu, Oct 23, 2008 at 2:33 PM Thanks for the call regarding a "preferred" bio or CV for my father, for the upcoming Science Museum of Minnesota honor. I think the best source for such an "offical" or "preferred" bio would be the William C. Norris Institute at the University of St. Thomas. Their website has a bio on the following page: http://www.stthomas.edu/business/centers/norris/about/default.html About William C. Norris (1911-2006) William C. Norris was the founder and chairman emeritus of Control Data Corporation. He founded the company in 1957 and retired as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer in 1986. From 1988 through 2000 he chaired the non-profit William C. Norris Institute, which supported initiatives to: • improve K-12 and higher education through development and implementation of technology; • stimulate technical training in Russia; and • create good jobs by supporting development of innovative, socially beneficial technology by Minnesota entrepreneurs. Mr. Norris became an entrepreneur after service in World War II, when he started Engineering Research Associates, Inc. (ERA), in St. Paul, Minnesota. ERA pioneered the development of the digital computer and in 1951 merged with Sperry Rand Corporation. Mr. Norris headed the Univac Division of Sperry Rand through mid-1957, when he and other engineers left to start Control Data Corporation. Under his leadership, Control Data pioneered large-scale scientific and engineering computers, computer services, and the utilization of technology in education. Its PLATO computer-based education and training program was the world’s major pioneering effort in applying computer technology in education. -
An Interview With
An Interview with JOHN P. O’NEIL OH 438 Conducted by Thomas J. Misa on 16 November 2013 Control Data Corporation History Project Melbourne, Australia Charles Babbage Institute Center for the History of Information Technology University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Copyright, Charles Babbage Institute John P. O’Neil Interview 16 November 2013 Oral History 438 Abstract In November 2013, CBI director Tom Misa conducted a series of oral history interviews with 13 former employees of Control Data Australia (1963-89) including the details of each person’s career, before and after working for Control Data. Topics that are common to many of the interviews include Trevor Robinson’s key role in organizing Control Data Australia; the early computer sales in Australia to the Bureau of Census and Statistics, Department of Defence, Postmaster General, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Bureau of Meteorology, and several prominent Australian universities. Control Data Australia did business data processing for such large concerns as Broken Hill Proprietary (BHP), Telstra, and others. A distinctive emphasis was its work in developing computer systems for race-track betting for the state of Victoria’s Totalisator Agency Board (TAB) as well as for other Australian states and New Zealand. Other topics include relations with Control Data’s headquarters in Minneapolis, business data processing, data centers, database management, networking and Cybernet, and projects done in several Far East countries. Interviews were conducted with Richard Bament, John Baxter, Ron G. Bird, Tony Blackmore, Lyle Bowden, Marcel Dayan, Ian Downie, Julie James, George Karoly, John O’Neil, Garry Pearce, Rob Robertson, and Bruce Wilson.