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China Data Supplement
China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Hong Kong SAR
China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Executive Summary Macau Became a Special Administrative Region
Executive Summary Macau became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on December 20, 1999. Macau's status, since reverting to Chinese sovereignty, is defined in the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration (1987) and the Basic Law, Macau's constitution. Under the concept of “One Country, Two Systems” articulated in these documents, Macau enjoys a high degree of autonomy in economic matters, and its economic system is to remain unchanged for fifty years. The Government of Macau (GOM) maintains a transparent, non-discriminatory, and free-market economy. The GOM is committed to maintaining an investor-friendly environment. In 2002, the GOM ended a long-standing gaming monopoly, awarding two gaming concessions to consortia with U.S. interests. This opening has encouraged substantial U.S. investment in casinos and hotels, and has spurred exceptionally rapid economic growth over the last few years. Macau is today the undisputed gaming capital of the world, having surpassed Las Vegas in terms of gambling revenue in 2006. U.S. investment over the past decade is estimated to exceed US$10 billion. In addition to gaming, Macau is positioning itself to be a regional center for incentive travel, conventions, and tourism. The American business community in Macau has continued to grow. In 2007, business leaders founded the American Chamber of Commerce of Macau. 1. Openness to, and Restrictions Upon, Foreign Investment Macau became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on December 20, 1999. Macau's status, since reverting to Chinese sovereignty, is defined in the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration (1987) and the Basic Law, Macau's constitution. -
Investigation and Analysis of Architectural Styles in the Historical Center of Macau
Research report Research Report and Culture, 43(4), pp. 657-667. 23(2), pp. 3-16. Received April 21, 2020; Accepted October 19, 2020 [4] Loewy, R. (2002) Never leave well enough alone. [16] Akrich, M. (1992) The de-scription of technical Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. objects, in W. Bijker & J. Law [Eds] Shaping [5] Edgerton, D. (1999) From innovation to use: Ten technology/building society: Studies in INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF ARCHITECTURAL eclectic theses on the historiography of technology. sociotechnical change. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, History and Technology, 16, pp. 111-136. pp. 205-224. STYLES IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF MACAU [6] Williamson, B. (2009) The bicycle: considering [17] Norman, D. A. (2002) The design of everyday design in use, in H. Clark & D. Brody [Eds], Design things. New York : Basic Books. Yang Yang ZHANG*, Po Hsun WANG** studies: A reader. New York, NY: Berg, pp. 522-524. [18] Latour, B. (2005) Reassembling the social: An [7] Pinch, T. E., & Bijker, W. (1989) The social introduction to actor-network theory. Oxford: Oxford construction of facts and artifacts: Or how the University Press. * Graduate school of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, Macau ** Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, Macau sociology of science and the sociology of technology [19] Conway, H. (Ed.) (1987) Design history: A student’s might benefit each other, in T.P. Bijker, W.T. Hughes, handbook. London, England: Routledge. & T.E. Pinch [Eds], The social construction of [20] Walker, J. (1989) Design history and the history of Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the architectural styles of the Historical technological systems: New directions in the design. -
Cultural Aspects of Sustainability Challenges of Island-Like Territories: Case Study of Macau, China
Ecocycles 2016 Scientific journal of the European Ecocycles Society Ecocycles 1(2): 35-45 (2016) ISSN 2416-2140 DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v1i2.37 ARTICLE Cultural aspects of sustainability challenges of island-like territories: case study of Macau, China Ivan Zadori Faculty of Culture, Education and Regional Development, University of Pécs E-mail: [email protected] Abstract - Sustainability challenges and reactions are not new in the history of human communities but there is a substantial difference between the earlier periods and the present situation: in the earlier periods of human history sustainability depended on the geographic situation and natural resources, today the economic performance and competitiveness are determinative instead of the earlier factors. Economic, social and environmental situations that seem unsustainable could be manageable well if a given land or territory finds that market niche where it could operate successfully, could generate new diversification paths and could create products and services that are interesting and marketable for the outside world. This article is focusing on the sustainability challenges of Macau, China. The case study shows how this special, island-like territory tries to find balance between the economic, social and environmental processes, the management of the present cultural supply and the way that Macau creates new cultural products and services that could be competitive factors in the next years. Keywords - Macau, sustainability, resources, economy, environment, competitiveness -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement October 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 44 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 48 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 49 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 56 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 60 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Tourism Experience and Construction of Personalized Smart Tourism Program Under Tourist Psychology
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 22 July 2021 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.691183 Tourism Experience and Construction of Personalized Smart Tourism Program Under Tourist Psychology Feiya Lan 1, Qijun Huang 2, Lijin Zeng 3, Xiuming Guan 4, Dan Xing 5 and Ziyan Cheng 1* 1 Faculty of International Tourism and Management, City University of Macau, Macao, China, 2 Faculty of Law, Hebei University, Baoding, China, 3 School of Public Economics and Administration, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China, 4 School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China, 5 Department of Environmental Art and Design, China Academy of Art, Hangzhou, China The present work aims to boost tourism development in China, grasp the psychology of tourists at any time, and provide personalized tourist services. The research object is the tourism industry in Macau. In particular, tourists’ experiences are comprehensively analyzed in terms of dining, living, traveling, sightseeing, shopping, and entertaining as per their psychological changes using approaches including big data analysis, literature analysis, and field investigation. In this case, a model of tourism experience formation Edited by: path is summarized, and a smart travel solution is proposed based on psychological Mehmet Efe Biresselioglu, experience. In the end, specific and feasible suggestions are put forward for the Macau Izmir University of Economics, Turkey tourism industry. Results demonstrate that the psychology-based smart travel solution Reviewed by: exerts a significant impact on tourists’ tourism experience. Specifically, the weight of Linchuan Yang, Southwest Jiaotong University, China secular tourism experience is 0.523, the weight of aesthetic tourism experience is Liubov Skavronskaya, 0.356, and the weight of stimulating tourism experience is 0.121. -
12 YEARS A-CHANGIN’ Double Down!
12 YEARS A-CHANGIN’ Double Down! ADVERTISING HERE Kowie Geldenhuys Paulo Coutinho www.macaudailytimes.com.mo +853 287 160 81 FOUNDER & PUBLISHER EDITOR-IN-CHIEF MONDAY T. 20º/ 27º Air Quality Good MOP 8.00 3423 “ THE TIMES THEY ARE A-CHANGIN’ ” N.º 25 Nov 2019 HKD 10.00 THE MACAU INTERNATIONAL THE HIGHEST HONORS OF CHINA DENIED THE EXPLOSIVE CLAIMS AIRPORT IS ADDING THREE NEW OF A SELF-CONFESSED SPY SEEKING ROUTES BY MID-DECEMBER AMID A THE YEAR GO TO LIU CHAK ASYLUM IN AUSTRALIA, CALLING HIM A SURGE IN PASSENGER GROWTH WAN AND MA IAO LAI CONVICTED FRAUDSTER P5 P2,10-11 P13 AP PHOTO Taiwan Filmmaker Ang Lee says China’s boycott of Taiwan’s Golden Horse film DEMOCRATS CLAIM awards demonstrates how politics can take its toll on the arts. Beijing’s order to give Saturday night’s awards show the cold shoulder was part of its campaign to rachet up economic and VICTORY IN HK’S political pressure on the island it claims as its own territory. South Korea Police say ‘BAROMETER ELECTION P8-9 ’ pop star Goo Hara has been found dead at her home in Seoul. Police say an acquaintance found the 28-year-old dead at her home in southern Seoul yesterday and reported it to authorities. The cause of her death wasn’t immediately known. Police refused to provide further details. More on p18 AP PHOTO India More than 1,000 members of the LGBTQ community and their supporters marched through New Delhi yesterday to celebrate India’s sexual diversity, which they said is progressing but still has a long way to go to become a more accepting place for them. -
China (Includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau) 2018 Human Rights Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2018 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is an authoritarian state in which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is the paramount authority. CCP members hold almost all top government and security apparatus positions. Ultimate authority rests with the CCP Central Committee’s 25-member Political Bureau (Politburo) and its seven-member Standing Committee. Xi Jinping continued to hold the three most powerful positions as CCP general secretary, state president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission. Civilian authorities maintained control of security forces. During the year the government significantly intensified its campaign of mass detention of members of Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang). Authorities were reported to have arbitrarily detained 800,000 to possibly more than two million Uighurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslims in internment camps designed to erase religious and ethnic identities. Government officials claimed the camps were needed to combat terrorism, separatism, and extremism. International media, human rights organizations, and former detainees reported security officials in the camps abused, tortured, and killed some detainees. Human rights issues included arbitrary or unlawful killings by the government; forced disappearances by the government; torture by the government; arbitrary detention by the government; harsh and life-threatening prison and detention conditions; political prisoners; -
How Can We Make the Government to Be Accountable? a Case Study of Macao Special Administrative Region
How can we make the government to be accountable? A Case Study of Macao Special Administrative Region Eilo YU Wing-yat and Ada LEI Hio-leng Department of Government and Public Administration University of Macau Introduction Accountability, which refers to the answerability and responsibility of government officials, is generally considered essential to the achievement of good governance (Moncrieff, 1998). However, the operationalization of accountability is an unresolved issue. In other words, the question of how we make officials truly answerable and responsible to the people is still under debate. Rodan and Hughes (2014) summarize four approaches to understanding the constitution of accountable government: namely, liberal accountability, democratic accountability, moral accountability, and social accountability. Accordingly, accountability is the interplay between government officials and the people through these four approaches, which can help us to understand the extent to which officials are answerable to and sanctioned for their acts. Thereby, accountability may not have a real operational definition because, by nature, it is contextual and shaped through government-mass interactions. This paper aims to understand accountability by examining the case of the Macao Special Administrative Region (MSAR) through an application of Rodan and Hughes’ four approaches to accountability. Its main purpose is to study the political interplay between the Macao people and government for the purpose of making a more accountable government. Its argument is that liberal and democratic accountabilities are not well institutionalized in Macau and that, instead, the MSAR government relies mainly on moral accountability to socialize the public. Leaning toward the liberal approach, the MSAR government has been trying to socialize the moral standards of the Macao masses in order to guide the public’s demand for accountability. -
第一組 第 V-125 期 V LEGISLATURA 4.A SESSÃO LEGISLATIVA(2016-2017) I Série N .O V-125
(Versão editada, composta e revista pela Divisão de Redacção e Publicações dos SAAL) 第五屆立法會 第四立法會期(二零一六 – 二零一七) 第一組 第 V-125 期 V LEGISLATURA 4.a SESSÃO LEGISLATIVA(2016-2017) I Série N .o V-125 Data: 9 de Agosto de 2017 Lau Veng Seng, Mak Soi Kun, Sio Chi Wai, Ho Ion Sang, Chan 10 de Agosto de 2017 Melinda Mei Yi, Tong Io Cheng, Leong Veng Chai, Chan Iek Lap, Chan Hong, Zheng Anting, Si Ka Lon, Ma Chi Seng, Lei Cheng I, (Início e termo da reunião de 9 de Agosto) Wong Kit Cheng e Song Pek Kei. Início da reunião: 15 horas Deputado ausente: Vitor Cheung Lup Kwan. Termo da reunião: 19 horas e 58 minutos (Convidados presentes na reunião de 9 de Agosto) (Início e termo da reunião de 10 de Agosto) Convidados: Leong Vai Tac, Secretário para a Economia e Finanças; Início da reunião: 15 horas Teng Nga Kan, Chefe do GSEF; Termo da reunião: 22 horas e 33 minutos Iong Kong Leong, Director da DSF; Ho In Mui, Subdirectora dos Serviços de Finanças; Local: Sala do Plenário do Edifício da Assembleia Legislativa, sito Lo Chi Fai, Assessor do GSEF; nos Aterros da Baía da Praia Grande, Praça da Assembleia Ung Chi Keong, Chefe do Departamento de Tradução Jurídica da Legislativa. DSAJ; Kuok Chong Hon, Chefe da Divisão da Inspecção de Finanças Presidente: Ho Iat Seng Públicas da DSF; Eduardo João Buisson Vairinho de Beltrão Loureiro, Técnico Vice-Presidente: Lam Heong Sang Superior do Departamento de Tradução Jurídica da DSAJ; Carmen Maria Chung, Sudirectora da DSAJ; Primeiro-Secretário: Chui Sai Cheong Lou Soi Cheong, Notário do Primeiro Cartório Notarial da DSAJ; Fong Peng Kit, Chefe do Departamento de Produção Legislativa da Segundo-Secretário: Kou Hoi In DSAJ; e, Marta Isabel Cândido Dias Basto da Silva, Jurista da 2ª Divisão de (Deputados presentes na reunião de 9 de Agosto) Produção Legislativa da DSAJ. -
Data: 07 De Abril De 2000. Início: 15H00. Fim Da Reunião: 12H25 Do Dia 08 De Abril De 2000. Local: Sala Do Plenário No Edifí
Data: 07 de Abril de 2000. Ordem do Dia: O debate sobre o relatório das Linhas de Acção Governativa na área dos Assuntos Sociais e Cultura para o ano de Início: 15h00. 2001. Fim da reunião: 12h25 do dia 08 de Abril de 2000. Sumário: No Plenário, os Srs. Deputados debateram e apresentaram opiniões ao Sr. Secretário para os Assuntos Sociais e Cultura sobre o Local: Sala do Plenário no Edifício da Assembleia Legislativa, Praça conteúdo das LAG para o ano de 2000, da sua área de tutela. da AL, Aterros da Baía da Praia Grande de Macau. Acta: Presidente: Susana Chou. Presidente: Srs. Deputados, façam o favor de se sentarem. Os Srs. Vice-Presidente: Lau CheokVa. jornalistas que queiram tirar fotografias, façam o favor de aproveitar estes 3 minutos. Antes que me esqueça, espero que todos aqui Primeiro-Secretário: Leonel Alberto Alves. presentes desliguem os vossos telemóveis e "pagers". Segundo-Secretário: Kou Hoi In. Obrigada. Deputados presentes: Susana Chou, Lau Cheok Va, Leonel Alberto Vamos dar início à nossa reunião. Alves, Kou Hoi In, Ng Kuok Cheong, Vitor Ng, Chow Kam Fai David aliás David Chow, Anabela Sales Ritchie, Tong Chi Kin, Iong Agradeço, desde já, a presença do Sr. Secretário para os Assuntos Weng Ian, Chui Sai Cheong, Cheong Vai Kei, João Baptista Manuel Sociais e Cultura, Fernando Chui, e dos seus membros do Governo. Leão, Leong Heng Teng, Hoi Sai Iun, Philip Xavier, Ho Teng Iat, Nós conhecemos muito bem o Sr. Secretário Chui, e acho que está Fong Chi Keong, Vong Hin Fai, Liu Yuk Lun aliás David Liu, José especialmente familiarizado, porque fomos colegas, por isso, julgo Manuel de Oliveira Rodrigues e Kwan Tsui Hang.