Applied Energy Mapping at the Ohio Geological Survey [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 2045 Morse Rd., Bldg
Michael P. Solis Matthew S. Erenpreiss Timothy E. Leftwich Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey Applied Energy Mapping at the Ohio Geological Survey [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 2045 Morse Rd., Bldg. C-1, Columbus, OH 43229-6693
HURON COUNTY PERTH COUNTY WATERLOO REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY FULTON WAS HINGTON ABSTRACT SANILAC ORLEANS SARATOGA HAMILTON-WENTWORTH REGIONAL MU NIAGARA WAY NE OXFORD COUNTY MONROE ONEIDA HERKIMER ` BRANT COUNTY MONTGOMERY ` Panel 1: Mapping the Regional Organic Thickness ONONDAGA Panel 2: Updating the Middle Devonian through SCHENECTADY GENESEE MADISON MIDDLESEX COUNTY RENSSELAER ONTARIO LAPEER ST. CLAIR The Ohio Geological Survey is currently engaged in a number of projects SENECA CAYUGA LAMBTON COUNTY HALDIMAND-NORFOLK REGIONAL MUN NIAGARA REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY ALBANY of the “Marcellus Shale,” Hamilton Group OTSEGO SCHOHARIE Middle Silurian Structure Maps for Potential CO2 ELGIN COUNTY WYOMING ERIE YATE S CORTLAND CHENANGO to appraise Ohio’s geologic resources as they apply to developing shale MACOMB LIVINGSTON TOMPKINS 75 GREENE COLUMBIA oil and gas, storing CO2, and geothermal potenƟ al. This research is being SCHUYLER 225 AKLAND 100 Storage Targets in Ohio (OCDO and MRCSP) KENT COUNTY 125 DELAWARE WAY NE 150 Existing Ohio well data from the Ohio Division of Geological There were still some issues, such as crossing contours, concerning 175 STEUBEN 200 ALLEGANY 250BROOME conducted with funding, in part, provided to address speciĮ c project 25 CATTARAUGUS TIOGA CHAUTAUQUA CHEMUNG Survey (1988) was used as the starting dataset. To expand on that the western portion of Carter’s map, so we merged the western part ESSEX COUNTY objecƟ ves for the Ohio Coal Development Oĸ ce (OCDO); the Midwest 50 ULSTER DUTCHESS ERIE 75 SUSQUEHANNA OHIO dataset, we selected additional geophysical logs that penetrated of the Pennsylvania Geological Survey ([2010]) map to the eastern SULLIVAN Regional Carbon SequestraƟ on Partnership (MRCSP), funded by the U.S. BRADFORD ERA MCKEAN 250 WAY NE SERIES WARREN SYSTEM POTTER TIOGA and logged the Marcellus in each county and township where portion of the Carter (unpub. data, 2008) map, creating a cleaner, Lower Tully ASHTABULA PUTNAM Olentangy LAKE CRAWFORD Department of Energy; and the NaƟ onal Geothermal Data System (NGDS), WYOMING ORANGE
500 Gp
SULLIVAN Local Traverse available, allowing for an even distribution of control points. data-honoring map. The break between these two maps follows the FOREST PIKE CAMERON WESTCHESTER sequestration Delaware Ls OTTAWA GEAUGA LACKAWANNA Hamilton Gp ELK Ls a project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. target dee Marcellus Sh MIDDLE LYCO M I NG Dun- CUYAHOGA VENANGO 100 TRUMBULL ROCKLAND ERIE CLINTON Hamilton, Marcellus, and Onondaga tops were picked based on continuous 250-foot-thickness contour ranging from Pennsylvania SANDUSKY LUZERNE
MERCER Ls LORAIN 25 Ls New regional and statewide isopach maps were developed for the Detroit 100 MONROE River Gp Columbus
CLARION Onondaga PORTAGE JEFFERSON COLUMBIA SUFFOLK HURON Bois Blanc USGS cross sections by Roen and Kepferle (1993). With this new into New York. All other contour placement changes in Pennsylvania SENECA BRONX DEVONIAN MEDINA SUMMIT MONTOUR Fm CLEARFIELD UNION Sequestration FIGURE 2-1.—A stratigraphic column after Carter and others (2010) shows the potential CO2 stor- Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale for use in assessing Ohio’s shale gas CARBON target MAHONING LAWRENCE CENTRE QUEENS BUTLER 750 Oriskany Ss 75 NORTHAMPTON LOWER information and observing the Marcellus upper and lower units were made in order to honor the recent data points we were given. KINGS age targets and seals in blue and yellow, respectively. Currently mapped surfaces include the On- NDOT SCHUYLKILL potenƟ al (see Panel 1). ExisƟ ng straƟ graphic analyses of Devonian shales ARMSTRONG SNYDER RICHMOND Helderberg Ls CRAWFORD ASHLAND WAY NE 1000 LEHIGH ondaga Limestone, the Oriskany Sandstone, the Bass Islands Dolomite, and the Lockport Dolomite. RICHLAND STARK 25 COLUMBIANA NORTHUMBERLAND Bass illustrated by Lash and Engelder (2011), we calculated net-organic Marcellus thickness maps for New York and West Virginia came 25 Islands Gp MARION INDIANA MIFFLIN Confining Structural horizons in process include the Bois Blanc Formation, the Helderberg Limestone, and the in Ohio were used as the starƟ ng dataset. The dataset was expanded with JUN IATA BEAVER ALLEGHENY unit CARROLL HANCOCK BERKS HOLMES 50 CAMBRIA BUCKS Rochester Shale. A map for the Salina Group also will be created. thickness and then contoured based on that thickness. from their respective state geological surveys (James Leone, MORROW BLAIR DAUPHIN JEFFERSON 75 PERRY LEBANON PALEOZOIC Salina Gp addiƟ onal geophysical logs that span the Marcellus Shale in each county 100 KNOX TUSCARAWAS HUNTINGDON MONTGOMERY 100 WESTMORELAND Originally we used only Pennsylvania’s Marcellus map of net- written commun., 2011; West Virginia Geological Survey, 2010, COSHOCTON HARRISON Gp Salina and township, where available, which allowed for an even distribuƟ on DELAWARE CUMBERLAND PHILADELPHIA Organic Ludlow-Pridoli BROOKE shale WASHINGTON LANCASTER CHESTER organic thickness (Pennsylvania Geological Survey, [2010]). However, respectively) and were modifi ed based only on data points and the 75 LICKING OHIO DELAWARE Lockport Dol GUERNSEY BEDFORD of control points. The Hamilton Group, Marcellus Shale, and Onondaga BELMONT YORK SILURIAN FRANKLIN FULTON FRANKLIN 5025 0 50 Miles
MUSKINGUM 100 ADAMS 50 100 FAY ETT E Clinton Rochester Sh the eastern portion of the state did not match up to the recent data merging process into adjacent states. Again, all state boundary SOMERSET Gp Dayton Fm GREENE Unconformity Limestone tops were picked using USGS cross secƟ ons for reference. MARSHALL NOBLE FAIRF IELD points we were given for the Pennsylvania and New York contour contours were merged in order to preserve the existing maps; PERRY MONROE Wenlock 5005025 Kilometers Llandovery- MONONGALIA Cabot Head Fm Cataract Gp With this new informaƟ on and observing the Marcellus Shale’s upper MORGAN WETZEL MORGAN Brassfield Fm
PICKAWAY MARION BERKELEY maps. The data points did match up to contours on the MRCSP contour placement changes were only made where necessary HOCKING 75 WAS HINGTON 75 and lower units, net organic thickness was calculated and contoured. TYLER PRESTON MINERAL JEFFERSON REGIONAL ORGANIC-THICKNESS PLEASANTS HAMPSHIRE ROSS ATHENS TAYLOR FREDERICK Marcellus thickness map (Carter, K., unpub. data, 2008) as well as and where data control points provided suffi cient evidence that a HARRISON VINTON RITCHIE DODDRIDGE Data was also collected from the State Geological Surveys of New York, 50 BARBOUR GRANT 25 CLARKE MAP OF THE MARCELLUS SHALE WOOD LOUDOUN TUCKER
New York’s contour map (James Leone, written commun., 2011). change could be made with confi dence. PIKE MEIGS 75 HARDY with additional organic-rich shale beds in the Hamilton Group JACKSON 100 WARREN Pennsylvania, and West Virginia to create a new regional Marcellus WIRT LEWIS GILMER 50 included for New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia UPSHUR SHENANDOAH RANDOLPH FAIRFAX SCIOTO JACKSON CALHOUN organic thickness map. GALLIA FAU QUIER MASON RAPPAHANNOCK ASHTABULA PRINCE WILLIAM ROANE BRAXTON PENDLETON WILLIAMS FULTON LUCAS LEWIS PAGE OTTAWA LAKE GEAUGA ROCKINGHAM WOOD HENRY TRUMBULL The iniƟ al goal for the OCDO project is to evaluate geologic condiƟ ons CUYAHOGA LAWRENCE DEFIANCE SANDUSKY ERIE LORAIN EXPLANATION PORTAGE PUTNAM CULPEPER HURON SUMMIT STAFFORD PAULDING SENECA MEDINA GREENUP WEBSTER PUTNAM HANCOCK MAHONING 50 CLAY MADISON VAN WERT favorable for CO2 storage in eastern Ohio (see Panel 2). This includes WYANDOT CRAWFORD RICHLAND ASHLAND WAYNE CABELL data point (oil and gas well) Thickness in Feet ALLEN STARK COLUMBIANA BOYD 25 HIGHLAND KING GEORGE HARDIN 25 KANAWHA AUGUSTA GREENE MERCER CARROLL ORANGE MARION POCAHONTAS FIGURE 1-2.—Map of Ohio AUGLAIZE HOLMES CARTER MORROW NICHOLAS TUSCARAWAS SPOTSYLVANIA 25 ft contour 1079 LOGAN KNOX SHELBY UNION JEFFERSON 25 WESTMORELAND COSHOCTON HARRISON DELAWARE detailed mapping of potenƟ al CO2 sinks by creaƟ ng a robust well DARKE A’ LINCOLN showing geographically the 25 CHAMPAIGN LICKING GUERNSEY ELLIOTT WAY NE MIAMI CAROLINE 250 ft contour MUSKINGUM BELMONT FRANKLIN MADISON BATH ACCOMACK CLARK B LAWRENCE two sections A–A' and B–B', LOUISA RICHMOND PREBLE FAIRFIELD FAY ETT E MONTGOMERY PERRY NOBLE BOONE MONROE ALBEMARLE ESSEX NORTHUMBERLAND dataset for analysis. Middle Devonian through Middle Silurian drillers’ GREENE Western limit of Marcellus 0 PICKAWAY MORGAN GREENBRIER FAYETTE ROCKBRIDGE B’ LANCASTER shown in fi gure 1-3. BUTLER WARREN HOCKING WASHINGTON MORGAN CLINTON FLUVANNA ROSS ALLEGHANY ATHENS HANOVER KING AND QUEEN JOHNSON 25 NELSON HIGHLAND VINTON HAMILTON MARTIN LOGAN GOOCHLAND KING WILLIAM elevaƟ ons are quickly assessed by comparing them to exisƟ ng formaƟ on CLERMONT MINGO MIDDLESEX PIKE MEIGS RALEIGH JACKSON A
BROWN ADAMS GALLIA SCIOTO Recommended bibliographic citation: SUMMERS AMHERST BUCKINGHAM RICHMOND WYOMING POWHATAN NEW KENT MATHEWS tops interpreted by staī geologists for previous mapping projects. The BOTETOURT HENRICO NORTHAMPTON LAWRENCE MONROE Erenpreiss, M.S., Wickstrom, L.H., Perry C.J., Riley, R.A., Martin, D.R., and others, REATHITT FLOYD CUMBERLAND GLOUCESTER MAGOFFIN CRAIG PIKE 2011, Regional organic-thickness map of the Marcellus Shale with additional LYNCHBURG CHESTERFIELD CHARLES CITY MERCER APPOMATTOX AMELIA organic-rich shales beds in the Hamilton Group included for New York, drillers’ picks are co-kriged with exisƟ ng formaƟ on tops to create new MCDOWELL JAMES CITY KNOTT YORK GILES Pennsylvania, and West Virginia: Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division BUCHANAN ROANOKE PRINCE EDWARD PRINCE GEORGE CAMPBELL NEWPORT NEWS PERRY ROANOKE BEDFORD of GeologicalSURRY Survey, scale 1 inch equals 52 miles. NOTTOWAY DINWIDDIE HAMPTON 4/6/2011 maps with much denser well control. These new statewide maps are LETCHER DICKENSON TAZ EWELL BLAND CHARLOTTE FIGURE 1-3. (below)—Line A–A' shows how the Marcellus Shale thick- MONTGOMERY SUSSEX ISLE OF WIGHT PULASKI FRANKLIN PITTSYLVANIA LUNENBURG NORFOLK WISE RUSSELL FLOYD HALIFAX BRUNSWICK SOUTHAMPTON VIRGINIA BEACH then merged with exisƟ ng MRCSP data to update the regional-level ens as you travel north along the Ohio River and how the Marcellus can have bifurcated units in some areas. maps. New structure contour maps have been generated for top of Onondaga Limestone, Oriskany Sandstone, Bass Islands Dolomite, and A A' Keefer Sandstone. As part of the conƟ nual reĮ nement of MRCSP maps, the Precambrian surface map also was updated using more detailed contours provided by Kentucky and Ohio.
CO2 storage potenƟ al is temperature dependent and, globally, geothermal resources are being developed with the aid of new technologies that produce electricity and space heat from relaƟ vely lower-temperature FIGURE 1-1.—Three Marcellus type logs from across Ohio. Some areas of the state only have a single unit just above the Onondaga Limestone, while others have mul- FIGURE 2-2.—Regional stratigraphic cross section of Middle Devonian through Middle Silurian strata, hung on the top of (у 100°C) rocks, such as those penetrated by some deep Appalachian Basin tiple Marcellus units, some bifurcated and others continuous. the Onondaga Limestone. From Carter and others (2010). oil and gas wells. Electricity producƟ on has been possible in conjuncƟ on B B' Trans- CoKrigging Data Trend Kernel Model with producing oil and gas wells and from coproducƟ on associated with Formation ni nf formation Decluster Anisotropy RMS REFERENCES Type Source Removal Function Type secondary and enhanced oil-and-gas recovery. New techniques allow for Type space heaƟ ng and electrical coproducƟ on using injecƟ on Ň uids, such as Lash, G.G., and Engelder, Terry, 2011, Thickness trends and sequence stratigraphy of the Middle Normal Devonian Marcellus Formation, Appalachian Basin—Implications for Acadian foreland Onondaga Driller 56109 40311 TRUE Contant Gausian Universal Score Stable TRUE 15 brine or CO2, that are usually considered waste products in the energy basin evolution: AAPG Bulletin, v. 95, no. 1, p. 61–103. FIGURE 1-4.—Line B–B' Limestone Ohio Division of Geological Survey, 1988, Analysis of stratigraphic and production relationships Geologist 616 N/A None N/A None N/A producƟ on cycle. The Ohio Geological Survey began research into the shows how the Marcel- of Devonian shale gas reservoirs in Ohio–Final report October 1985–November 1988 lus thickens as you travel (prepared for Gas Research Institute): Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oriskany Driller 9868 6880 None N/A None N/A state’s geothermal resources in July 2010—as part of a 47-state coaliƟ on southeast from Licking Ordinary Stable TRUE 22 Geological Survey, 49 p., 15 pl. Sandstone Geologist 242 N/A None N/A None N/A to develop a new NGDS—and is evaluaƟ ng its very large dataset of Pennsylvania Geological Survey, [2010], Net feet of organic-rich shale in the Middle Devonian County to the Ohio River Marcellus Formation in Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural in Monroe County. Bass Driller 1789 514 None N/A None N/A boƩ om-hole temperatures (BHT) and the AAPG-corrected BHT dataset Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, map, last accessed September 21, Islands Simple Stable TRUE 22 2011, at