Human Development Education Science, Technology and Innovation Youth

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Human Development Education Science, Technology and Innovation Youth Human Development Education Science, Technology and Innovation Youth RACA Report of Annual Continental Activities - 2016 - African Union Commission Department of Human Resources, Science and Technology 2 Education Science, Technology & Innovation Youth Department of Human Resources, Science and Technology Annual Activity Report of HRST Department - Year 2016 - African Union Commission i ii In this issue Education 4 Pan African University 11 The Pan African Institute for Education for Development (IPED) 17 African Union - International Centre for the Education of Girls and Women in Africa 18 Science and Technology 20 The African Scientific, Technical and Research Commission 28 The African Observatory of Science, Technology and Innovation(AOSTI) 31 Youth Division 34 Summary of Country Activities 45 Summary of Regional Economic Communities’ activities 90 Summary of Partners’ activities 96 iii List of Acronymns AAU- Association of African EU-AU -European Union mission to Universities the African Union This report is a publication of the ACP- African, Caribbean and Pacific GMES - Global Monitoring for Human Resources, Science And Group States Environment & Security Technology Department of the AfDB -African Development Bank GRC-Global Research Council African Union Commission. ALC -African Leadership Conferences HLPs -PAU High Level Panel AMCEN -African Ministerial HRST -Human Resources, Science African Union Headquarters Conference on the Environment and Technology P.O. Box 3243. Roosvelt Street AMCOST- African Ministerial IPED -Pan-African Centre of Education (Old Airport Area) W21K19 Conference on Science for Development Addis Ababa Ethiopia and Technology JICA -Japan International Tel: (251) 11 551 77 00. AOSTI -African Observatory of Science, Cooperation Agency Fax:(251) 11 551 78 44 Technology and Innovation, MNAUSS -Mwalimu Nyerere African AQRM -Africa Quality Rating Union Scholarship Scheme Mechanism NEPAD- New Partnership for ASRIC –African Scientific Research and Africa’s Development Innovation Council PACTED -Pan African Conference on AUC -African Union Commission Teacher Development AU-YVC -African Union Youth PAU - Pan African University Volunteer Corps RECs -Regional AYC -African Youth Charter Economic Communities BMZ- Federal Ministry for Economic STISA -Science, Technology and Cooperation and Development of the Innovation Strategy for Africa Federal Republic of Germany. STRC -Scientific Technical and CIEFFA - International Centre for Girls’ Research Commission and Women’s education in Africa TVET -Technical & Vocational COMEDAF -Conference of Ministers of Education and Training education of the African Union UNESCO -United Nations Educational, COMY- Conference of the African Scientific and Cultural Organization Union Ministers in Charge of Youth CPA -Consolidated Plan of Action iv Building a people centered African Union ‘’Africa’s young people must be radical and fearless in a constructive manner’’ H.E. Dr. Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma Chairperson of the African Union Commission Chairperson of the African Union Commission, H.E. Dr. Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma address the 5th Intergenerational Dialogue along the margins of the 26th AU Summit in Addis Ababa, January 2016. v AVANT-PROPOS • l’adoption de la stratégie et la politique spatiales suivi du lancement avec l’Union Européenne du programme GMES et Afrique ; • la régularisation administrative de l’AOSTI ; • la prise en charge du AU-CIEFFA à Ouagadougou par la CUA ; • la relance de l’IPED à Kinshasa ; Un cadre institutionnel efficient étant essentiel pour atteindre les objectifs que nous nous sommes fixés, je suis persuadé qu’autant d’avancées devraient désormais se traduire par une mise en œuvre de nos programmes sur le terrain. Il nous appartient donc de travailler plus ardemment ensemble avec les pays membres de l’UA et les CER pour une meilleure prise en compte des stratégies continentales dans les programmes et les stratégies des pays membres et des CER. Quand nous prenons en compte les deux années 2015 et 2016, nous constatons que trente-six (2/3 deux tiers des membres de l’UA) ont présenté leur rapport d’activités annuelles. Malheureusement force est de dire qu’alors Je suis particulièrement heureux de présenter cette que treize nouveaux pays se sont inscrits sur la liste, dix deuxième édition du RACA. présents en 2015 n’ont pas renouvelé leur expérience. C’est là une préoccupation qui nous tient à cœur vu que L’année 2016 aura été très intense, fructueuse et pleine bon nombre de pays ont clairement posé la question de la d’enseignements utiles. Elle a enregistré des activités fortes disponibilité de statistiques scolaires fiables mais aussi celle décisives dans la construction de la structure institutionnelle de l’alignement en termes d’année du rapport pays avec le dont nous avons besoin en tant que cadre général rapport continental. Cette question mérite d’être examinée continental pour booster au mieux notre domaine d’activités par la prochaine session du CTS /EST afin que dans le RACA qui est le développement des ressources humaines idoines soient apportées les statistiques d’une même période afin de et efficientes à travers une éducation pertinente à tous les les rendre comparables. Cela nous donnera une plus grande niveaux en vue d’engager et de soutenir le développement cohérence dans nos actions communes et un meilleur outil et l’application de la science, la technologie et l’innovation d’émulation continental. capables d’assurer encore plus de potentialités aux jeunes africains dans la réalisation de l’Afrique que nous voulons. Notre espoir demeure celui de voir l’engagement des états membres s’accroître d’années en années dans la mise en L’année 2016 aura été entre autres l’année de œuvre des programmes communs intégrés. • l’adoption de la CESA 16-25 en tant que réponse L’année 2017 dont le thème est consacré à l’investissement globale de l’UA pour la mise en œuvre de l’Objectif 4 dans la jeunesse pour tirer pleinement profit du dividende des ODD. Cette adoption a été suivie de l’organisation démographique est une opportunité à saisir dans ce sens. des premiers séminaires qui ont créé et lancé les pre- Une feuille de route accompagnée d’une matrice des actions miers groupes thématiques de mise en œuvre ; à mener en 2017 et au-delà a été adopté au sommet de • le lancement de la première journée africaine de juillet 2016. l’alimentation scolaire (1er mars 2016) ; • la célébration de Banjul +10 dans le cadre du dixième anniversaire de la Charte africaine de la Jeunesse ; • la modification des statuts de l’UPA afin de donner plus de souplesse à la gestion de cette institution ; • l’adoption des statuts de l’OPAPI que nous appelons Dr Martial De-Paul Ikounga les pays membres à ratifier ; Commissioner for Human Resources, • la finalisation de l’étude sur les conditions de forma- Science and Technology tion, de vie et de travail des enseignants (de tous les African Union Commission niveaux) dans les pays membres de l’UA ; vi FOREWORD present in 2015 have not renewed their experience. This is It is with great pleasure to present this second edition of a concern that is important to us, as many countries have the RACA. clearly raised the question of the availability of reliable school statistics, but also the alignment of the annual The year 2016 has been very intense, fruitful and full of country’s report with the continental report. This question useful lessons. Decisive steps have been taken to build the deserves to be raised at the next session of the STC / EST in institutional structure that we need as a general continental order to make the statistics of the same period available in framework to enhance our domain activities, that is the the RACA in order to make them comparable. This will give development of appropriate and efficient human resources us greater coherence in our common actions and a better through education that is relevant to all levels to engage tool for continental emulation. and support the development and application of science, technology and innovation capable of ensuring even greater Our hope remains that the commitment of member states potential for young Africans in achieving the Africa we want. will increase year after year in the implementation of integrated joint programs. The year 2016 has been, among others, the year of: The year 2017, whose theme is devoted to invest in youth • the adoption of CESA 16-25 as a global response by to take full advantage of the demographic dividend, is an the AU to the implementation of Goal 4 of the SDGs. opportunity to be seized in this direction. A roadmap, This was followed by the organization of the first sem- accompanied by a matrix of actions to be carried out in 2017 inars which created and launched the first thematic and beyond, was adopted at the July 2016 summit. implementation groups; • the launch of the first African day of school feeding (1st March 2016); • the celebration of Banjul +10 outlining of the tenth anniversary of the African Charter on Youth; • the amendment of the PAU statutes in order to give Dr Martial De-Paul Ikounga more flexibility to the management of this institution; Commissioner for Human Resources, • the adoption of the statutes of the PAIPO which we Science and Technology call upon member countries to ratify; African Union Commission • completion of the study on the Training, Working and Living Conditions of Teachers (at all levels) in the AU member countries; • the adoption of the space policy and strategy followed by the launch of the GMES and Africa program in cooperation with the European Union; • the administrative regularization of AOSTI; • the assumption of responsibility for AU-CIEFFA in Ouagadougou by the AUC; • the revitalization of IPED in Kinshasa; Since an efficient institutional framework is essential to achieving the goals we have set for ourselves, I am confident that so many advances should now convert into implementation of our programs on the ground.
Recommended publications
  • EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Thirtieth Ordinary Session 22 - 27 January 2017 Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA
    AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, Ethiopia P. O. Box 3243 Telephone: 5517 700 Fax: 5517844 Website: www.au.int EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Thirtieth Ordinary Session 22 - 27 January 2017 Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA EX.CL/994(XXX) Final Original: English ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION FOR THE PERIOD JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2016 EX.CL/994(XXX)Rev.2 Page i Table of Contents PART A. OVERVIEW (pages 1-13) Introduction; the African Paradox; Agenda 2063; State of African Integration; the African Passport and Free movement of People; 2017 - the Year ahead; Word of Thanks PART B. REPORT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMISSION Commission Highlights of 2016; AUC 3rd Strategic Plan (2013-2017); Meetings of Policy Organs; High-level visits (pages 15-20) Outcome 1. Democracy, Peace, Governance and Human rights (pages 21-34): Introduction; Women’s Empowerment and Participation; Democracy, Human rights and Governance; Promoting free, fair and peaceful elections; African Governance Architecture; the Year of Human Rights; Constitutionalism and Rule of Law; African Public Services and Local Government; AU High Level Council on Local Government; Common African Position on Habitat III; Decolonisation process; Peace and Security; AU Plan of Action on Drug Control and Crime Prevention (2013-2017); Legal support to AU Organs; The Fight against impunity. Outcome 2. Agriculture, natural resource management and food security (pages 35-50): Introduction; Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP); Organic and
    [Show full text]
  • Trends and Spatio-Temporal Variation of Female
    Tesema et al. BMC Public Health (2020) 20:719 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08882-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Trends and Spatio-temporal variation of female genital mutilation among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a Spatio-temporal and multivariate decomposition analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health surveys Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema1*, Chilot Desta Agegnehu2, Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale1, Adugnaw Zeleke Alem1, Alemneh Mekuriaw Liyew1, Yigizie Yeshaw3 and Sewnet Adem Kebede1 Abstract Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a serious health problem globally with various health, social and psychological consequences for women. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of female genital mutilation varied across different regions of the country. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the trend and determinants of female genital mutilation among reproductive-age women over time. Methods: A secondary data analysis was done using 2000, 2005, and 2016 Demographic Health Surveys (DHSs) of Ethiopia. A total weighted sample of 36,685 reproductive-age women was included for analysis from these three EDHS Surveys. Logit based multivariate decomposition analysis was employed for identifying factors contributing to the decrease in FGM over time. The Bernoulli model was fitted using spatial scan statistics version 9.6 to identify hotspot areas of FGM, and ArcGIS version 10.6 was applied to explore the spatial distribution FGM across the country. (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: [email protected] 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s).
    [Show full text]
  • Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Associated Factors of Home Delivery in Ethiopia
    Spatio-temporal distribution and associated factors of home delivery in Ethiopia. Fruther multilevel and spatial analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys 2005 - 2016 Zemenu Tessema Tadesse ( [email protected] ) University of Gondar https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3878-7956 Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh Debre Tabor University Research article Keywords: Home delivery, EDHS, Spatial Distribution, Ethiopia Posted Date: January 3rd, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.16582/v2 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Version of Record: A version of this preprint was published at BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth on June 3rd, 2020. See the published version at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02986-w. Page 1/30 Abstract Background: Globally, between 2012 -2017 80% of live births occurred at health facilities assisted by skilled health personnel. In Ethiopia, in 2016 only 26% of live births attended by skilled health personal. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial patterns and associated factors of home delivery in Ethiopia using 2005 to 2016 Ethiopian Demgraphic and Health Surveys. Method: A total of 33 482 women who gave live birth in the ve years preceding each survey were included for this study. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize spatial distribution of home delivery. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify signicant purely spatial clusters for home delivery in Ethiopia. Multilevel logistic regression model were tted to identify factors associated with home delivery. A p-value < 0.05 was taken to declare statistically signicant predictors.
    [Show full text]
  • South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda and Ethiopia
    Theorie und Praxis Wissenschaftliche Reihe zur Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, Humanitären Hilfe und entwicklungspolitischen Anwaltschaftsarbeit Leonore Merck South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda and Ethiopia The effect of refugee-housing on the protection of refugee children against physical and sexual violence World Vision Institut Institut Vision World Nr. 15 Theorie und Praxis Wissenschaftliche Reihe zur Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, humanitären Hilfe und entwicklungspolitischen Anwaltschaftsarbeit, herausgegeben vom World Vision Institut South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda and Ethiopia The effect of refugee-housing on the protection of refugee children against physical and sexual violence Masterarbeit zur Erlangung eines Master of Public Policy von Leonore Merck Hertie School of Governance Berlin Mai 2018 Leonore Merck South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda and Ethiopia The effect of refugee-housing on the protection of refugee children against physical and sexual violence Theorie und Praxis Nr.15 Impressum © World Vision,2018 Herausgeber: World Vision Institut Friedrichsdorf, Deutschland Forschungsleitung: Dr. Caterina Rohde-Abuba HERTIE SCHOOL OF GOVERNANCE BERLIN South Sudanese Refugees in Uganda and Ethiopia The effect of refugee-housing on the protection of refugee children against physical and sexual violence Leonore Merck Master of Public Policy, Class of 2018 Supervisor: Dr. Clara Weinhardt 5/1/2018 In cooperation with World Vision Germany Word Count: 11,955 Acknowledgements I would like to thank World Vision Germany and especially Verena
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Refugee Education Strategy 2015-2018
    ETHIOPIA REFUGEE EDUCATION STRATEGY 2015-2018 JUNE 2015 1 | National Refugee Education Strategy 2015-2018 (Ethiopia) Table of Contents ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Background: Contextualization of the UNHCR Global Education Strategy to the Ethiopian Context ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 General Operational Context of the Office of UNHCR Representation in Ethiopia ............. 6 The Organization, Structure and Management of Refugee Education System ..................... 8 Emphases of the Contextualized Refugee Education Strategy in Ethiopia ............................ 9 PART I PRIMARY EDUCATION .............................................................................................. 11 A. Context Analysis: Gaps and challenges ........................................................................................ 11 Teachers................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Curricula .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 MoE Expertise ......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Roads on Land-Use Change in Ethiopia: Evidence from Satellite Data
    The Impact of Roads on Land-Use Change in Ethiopia: Evidence from Satellite Data By: Ariana Brynn Vaisey Honors Thesis Economics Department University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill April 2016 Approved: ___________________________ Dr. Simon Alder Ariana Vaisey 2 Abstract Using satellite-based land cover data for Ethiopia, I examine the relationship between travel costs and the spatial allocation of economic activity. In analyzing a cross-section of land cover data for all of Ethiopia in 2005/2006, I find that proximity to market is positively associated with land being devoted to agriculture, when controlling for soil quality and climatic factors. Additionally, I examine the change in land cover associated with the construction of the Addis Ababa-Adama expressway, using panel data on land cover in a 40-km buffer of the expressway for 2009 and 2016. I find that proximity to the expressway increases the likelihood of a transition in land cover type, both into and out of agriculture. On average, the expressway reduced the likelihood of agricultural land cover for land parcels within an inner buffer of the expressway in the period after it opened. This study contributes to previous literature by employing high spatial resolution GIS data that has not been previously applied to studies of economic geography, by examining data from the African continent – where little empirical work on transportation infrastructure and land cover change has been done –, and by using a comprehensive measure of market access to assess transportation costs. Ariana Vaisey 3 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Simon Alder, for providing invaluable guidance in formulating a research question, using geographic information systems software to collect data, and building a model to test my hypotheses.
    [Show full text]
  • TANA FORUM REPORT No Retreat, No Surrender
    2017 TANA FORUM REPORT No Retreat, No Surrender 2017 TANA FORUM REPORT No Retreat, No Surrender Copyright © 2017 Tana Forum Secretariat at the Institute for Peace and Security Studies, Addis Ababa University Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reproduced as long as the Tana Forum Secretariat at the Institute for Peace and Security Studies, Addis Ababa University is acknowledged as the source. Preface Dear friends of the Tana Forum, Since 2012, it has been a tradition to provide our participants and readers with in-depth knowledge on the theme of each year. The State of Peace and Security in Africa report, presented annually by the Tana Forum Chairperson, has become a significant contribution to the field of peace and security. This year’s trends will fuel your thoughts on the mixture of progress and obstacles facing the sector today: • Various security indices on armed conflicts (total number, spread/distribution and trend analysis) • The lack of progress of peace agreements • Atomised violence and low intensity conflicts • An overview of African interventions in peace and security • Containment and rollbacks of violence extremism, focusing on three case studies: Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab and the Islamic State (IS) • Political protests and riots It is also important to highlight some of the most salient security challenges: 1. In 2016, the threats posed by violent extremist groups were neutralized or reduced, with the main epicentres of attacks in Africa including Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin area; al-Shabaab in Somalia and Kenya; and al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), the Movement for Unity and Jihad in West Africa (MUJAO), Ansar-Dine, Mokhtar Belmokhtar’s katibat (battalion) al-Murabitun and IS elements in Northern Mali and the Sahel region; and IS in Libya (Sirte and parts of Benghazi), Tunisia and Egypt.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Refugee Economies: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    Urban refugee economies: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Alison Brown, Peter Mackie, Kate Dickenson and Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher Working Paper Urban environments Keywords: March 2018 Refugees, Informal economy, Post-conflict reconstruction, Local economic development About the authors Acknowledgements Alison Brown, Cardiff University, Our thanks to Addis Ababa University, in particular to Tegegne www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/363219-brown-alison, Gebre-Egziabher’s research assistants, the Administration for [email protected] Refugee and Returnee Affairs (ARRA) and the Danish Refugee Council who facilitated this research. Thanks also to Jennifer Peter Mackie, Cardiff University, Riggan, Arcadia University, and Kemisso Alebachew, Addis Ababa www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/363257-mackie-peter University, for their support. Most significantly, our thanks to the Kate Dickenson, Cardiff University, many refugees who participated in this study http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/515995-Kate-Dickenson Tegegne Gebre-Egziabher, Addis Ababa University, About the Urban Crises Learning Fund www.aau.edu.et/idpr/tegegne Urban areas are increasingly the sites of humanitarian crises, from natural disasters to conflict and displacement. IIED is leading Produced by IIED’s Human Settlements a three-year programme of research, documentation of past experiences, development of tools and guidelines, and shared Group learning across humanitarian actors and other urban stakeholders. The Human Settlements Group works to reduce poverty and IIED is working to build the knowledge and capacity to respond of improve health and housing conditions in the urban centres of humanitarian actors working in urban areas, and of urban actors Africa, Asia and Latin America. It seeks to combine this with facing humanitarian crises.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Prices During Drought in Ethiopia
    ESSP WORKING PAPER 97 Agricultural prices during drought in Ethiopia An updated assessment using national producer data (January 2014 to June 2016) Fantu Bachewe, Feiruz Yimer, and Bart Minten This ESSP Working Paper builds on the analysis of ESSP Working Paper 88 (April 2016) by extending the period over which prices are examined through to June 2016 and expanding several components of the analysis. November 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 2. Data and methodology............................................................................................................................................. 4 3. Agricultural prices .................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.1. Cereal prices ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.2. Other crops ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3. Comparing recent cereal price evolution with that of a previous major
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Dataset for This Study
    Tessema and Tiruneh BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (2020) 20:342 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02986-w RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Spatio-temporal distribution and associated factors of home delivery in Ethiopia. Further multilevel and spatial analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health surveys 2005–2016 Zemenu Tadesse Tessema1* and Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh2 Abstract Background: Globally, between 2012 and 2017, 80% of live births occurred at health facilities assisted by skilled health personnel. In Ethiopia, in 2016 only 26% of live births attended by skilled health personal. This study aimed to assess the spatial patterns and associated factors of home delivery in Ethiopia using 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys. Methods: A total of 33,482 women who gave live birth in the 5 years preceding each survey were included for this study. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize the spatial distribution of home delivery. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for home delivery in Ethiopia. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with home delivery. A p-value < 0.05 was taken to declare statistically significant predictors. Results: Home delivery was declined from 94.78% in 2005, 90.05% in 2011, and 73.44% in 2016 in Ethiopia. Among the three surveys, consistently high clustering of home delivery was observed in Amhara and Southern Nations Nationalities and People’s Regions (SNNPR) of Ethiopia. In spatial scan statistics analysis, a total of 128 clusters (RR = 1.04, P-value < 0.001) in 2005, and 90 clusters (RR = 1.11, P-value < 0.001) in 2011, and 55 clusters (RR = 1.29, P-value < 0.001) in 2016 significant primary clusters were identified.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of Social Safety Nets 2018
    2018 The State of Social Safety Nets Nets Safety Social of State The Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The State ofSocialSafety Nets State The 2018 The State of Social Safety Nets 2018 The State of Social Safety Nets 2018 © 2018 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 21 20 19 18 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Aiming for Universal Health Coverage Through Insurance in Ethiopia: State
    ESID Working Paper No. 156 The political economy of health insurance enrolment in Ethiopia: Party, state and the quest for universal health coverage Tom Lavers 1 October 2020 1 The University of Manchester Email correspondence: [email protected] ISBN: 978-1-912593-70-5 email: [email protected] Effective States and Inclusive Development Research Centre (ESID) Global Development Institute, School of Environment, Education and Development, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK www.effective-states.org The political economy of health insurance enrolment in Ethiopia: Party, state and the quest for universal health coverage Abstract Many developing countries are considering insurance as a means of pursuing universal health coverage. A key challenge to confront is how to achieve high levels of health insurance enrolment. For voluntary schemes, this entails mass awareness- raising and promotional activity, though as schemes move to compulsory enrolment, monitoring and enforcement is required. This paper focuses on Ethiopia, which is has made state health insurance for the informal sector a central pillar of its universal health coverage strategy. The paper shows that high enrolment requires particular forms of state capacity, captured here by Michael Mann’s concept of state ‘infrastructural power’. The paper draws on detailed case studies of health insurance implementation in the Tigray and Oromiya regions of Ethiopia to illustrate variation in state infrastructural power and the implications for the promotion of health insurance. The findings suggest that the potential of state health insurance as a means of promoting health access for a broad section of the population may be limited to the minority of countries or regions within countries exhibiting high levels of infrastructural power.
    [Show full text]