Ann youth ministry Weekly Newsletter January 17th, 2021 The Second Sunday in Ordinary Time Vol II, Issue XXIX

Cover Page pg. 1 Middle School Faith Formation - Headlines pg. 2 High School Faith Formation pg. 8 Faith Formation Contact Information Girl’s Discipleship Winter Confirmation Preparation Faith Formation Home Study pg. 8 Altar Server Training Following Christ Winter Confirmation Prep The Life of Grace Sunday Morning Masses Our Life in the Church December Podcast Updates Introduction to Catholicism Saint Profiles for All Ages Understanding the Scriptures Parent Discernments Our Moral Life in Christ Audio Encyclicals The History of the Church The Catholic Diocese of Fort Worth pg. 3 Youth Fellowship pg. 9 Statement of Olson Introduction to Lectio Divina Regarding Disruption of Certification of High School Lectio Divina Presidential Election at U.S. Capitol The Art of Lectio Divina Sunday Mass Readings pg. 4 What Did the Say? pg. 10

1 3:3b-10,19 John Paul II – Fides et Ratio:61(b)-65(a)

Psalm 40:2, 4, 7-10 Francis – Fratelli Tutti:77-83

1 Corinthians 6:13c-15a, 17-20 Ecumenical Councils - John 1:35-42 Bite Size Catechesis - Scripture and the Catechism pg. 5 Saint Fabian pg. 12 1 Samuel 3:3b-10,19 Youth Formation Volunteers pg. 13

-CCC: 2578 Girl’s Discipleship

Psalm 40:2, 4, 7-10 Sacramental Prep-Confirmation

-CCC: 2657, 462, 2824 Youth Fellowship Volunteers pg. 13 1 Corinthians 6:13c-15a, 17-20 Introduction to Lectio Divina -CCC: 1004, 989, 2355, 796, 1265, 1269, 1695 High School Lectio Divina John 1:35-42 Art of Lectio Divina -CCC: 608 Saint Ann Youth pg. - Office of Youth Ministries pg. 6 Office of Youth Ministry Schedule Youth Ministry Schedule Youth Faith Formation Program Youth Ministry Newsletter Youth Ministry Podcast Quinceañera Program 1 Page

Headlines December Podcast Updates (1/3/2021)

Faith Formation Contact Information With November completed, we have our final number of downloads for the month. The Saint Ann Director of Religious Education – Trisha Vasquez Youth Ministry Podcast has had a number of downloads 817-426-1101 [email protected] each month as seen below. July 110 Director of RCIA – Maru Ramirez August 69 817-295-5621 x8 [email protected] September 103

Director of Youth Ministries – August Klein October 45 817-295-5621 x7 [email protected] November 51 December 98

Winter Confirmation Preparation (1/17/2020) Saint Profiles for All Ages (12/27/2020) Winter Confirmation Preparation begins in two weeks on January 31st at 11:30AM. If you would like to The Saint Ann Webpage will now be including sign up to participate in Confirmation Preparation and profiles on the tailored for all age groups. If you receive the Sacrament of Confirmation, please contact the go to the Saint Ann Webpage at Youth Ministry Office. All candidates must have a Saint www.stanninburleson.com and you click on Faith Report and Sponsor Form on file before the beginning of Formation>Parent Portal>Print Resources, you will find the first class. Saint Profiles which are in the process of being written for Elementary, Middle School and High School youth so you can share their stories as appropriate for their age Altar Server Training (1/17/2020) group. We have begun with profiles on the patron of our parish, Saint Ann, along with her husband Saint Joachim. Saint Ann Youth Ministry will be hosting Altar Server Training on February 10th at 7:00PM in the main church, following the 6:00PM Mass. If you are interested Parent Discernments (11/22/2020) in Altar Serving, or have previously trained to be an Altar With the expansion of Guided Discernments for Server but have not been able to serve since the beginning th th of the COVID pandemic, please come to this training if all youth from 6 through 12 grade, Saint Ann Youth you wish to become an altar server. You must be Ministry is extending the opportunity for parents who so registered in faith formation and have a Form A on file to desire to participate in their own guided discernment. serve. Form A’s will be provided for those who need one. This initiative is intended to give parents the opportunity to experience discernment the way their children will experience it, however, the experience will not be Winter Confirmation Prep (1/10/2021) identical that of your child’s. Instead, the guided discernment will be tailored to you as a parent. If you are Winter Sacramental Preparation for the interested in attending a guided discernment, please Sacrament of Confirmation is about to begin on January st contact the youth minister to schedule an appointment. 31 . If you with to enroll in Sacramental Preparation, please contact the Youth Minister for a guided discernment and prepare both your Saint Report and Audio Encyclicals (11/22/2020) Sponsor Certificate before classes begin. Saint Ann Youth Ministry has released an audio recording of the Papal document Testem Benevolentiae Saturday Morning Masses (1/10/2021) Nostrum by Pope Leo XIII in the Faith Formation Parent Portal on the Saint Ann Webpage for free download. As Saint Ann has been offering morning Mass every time permits, we hope to be able to offer more audio Saturday morning at 7:30AM since we returned from the downloads for various papal documents.

COVID-19 lockdown. Saint Ann youth ministry would

like to invite all our youth and their families to attend 2 Morning Mass. For those who would like to join the Youth Minister before Mass to pray the Rosary in , Page he will arrive around 6:30AM and the Rosary will begin soon after.

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Sunday Mass Readings 1 Corinthians 6:13c-15a, 17-20

Brothers and sisters: The First Sunday of Ordinary Time The body is not for immorality, but for the January 17, 2021 - Cycle B Lord, and the Lord is for the body; God raised the Lord

and will also raise us by his power. 1 Samuel 3:3b-10,19 Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ? But whoever is joined to the Lord becomes Samuel was sleeping in the temple of the one Spirit with him. Avoid immorality. Every other sin LORD where the ark of God was. The LORD called to a person commits is outside the body, but the immoral Samuel, who answered, “Here I am.” Samuel ran to Eli person sins against his own body. Do you not know that and said, “Here I am. You called me.” “I did not call your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit within you, you, “ Eli said. “Go back to sleep.” So he went back whom you have from God, and that you are not your to sleep. Again the LORD called Samuel, who rose and own? For you have been purchased at a price. went to Eli. “Here I am, “ he said. “You called me.” Therefore glorify God in your body. But Eli answered, “I did not call you, my son. Go back to sleep.” John 1:35-42 At that time Samuel was not familiar with the

LORD, because the LORD had not revealed anything John was standing with two of his disciples, to him as yet. The LORD called Samuel again, for the and as he watched Jesus walk by, he said, “Behold, the third time. Getting up and going to Eli, he said, “Here I Lamb of God.” The two disciples heard what he said am. You called me.” Then Eli understood that the and followed Jesus. Jesus turned and saw them LORD was calling the youth. So he said to Samuel, following him and said to them, “What are you looking “Go to sleep, and if you are called, reply, Speak, for?” They said to him, “Rabbi” — which translated LORD, for your servant is listening.” When Samuel means Teacher —, “where are you staying?” He said to went to sleep in his place, the LORD came and revealed them, “Come, and you will see.” So they went and saw his presence, calling out as before, “Samuel, Samuel!” where Jesus was staying, and they stayed with him that Samuel answered, “Speak, for your servant is day. It was about four in the afternoon. Andrew, the listening.” brother of Simon Peter, was one of the two who heard Samuel grew up, and the LORD was with him, John and followed Jesus. He first found his own brother not permitting any word of his to be without effect. Simon and told him, “We have found the Messiah” —

which is translated Christ —. Then he brought him to Psalm 40:2, 4, 7-10 Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon the son of John; you will be called Cephas” — which I have waited, waited for the LORD, is translated Peter. and he stooped toward me and heard my cry. And he put a new song into my mouth, a hymn to our God. Sacrifice or offering you wished not, but ears open to obedience you gave me. Holocausts or sin-offerings you sought not; then said I, “Behold I come.” “In the written scroll it is prescribed for me, to do your will, O my God, is my delight, and your law is within my heart!” I announced your justice in the vast assembly; I did not restrain my lips, as you, O LORD, know.

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Scripture and the Catechism 1 Corinthians 6:13c-15a, 17-20

1004 In expectation of that day, the believer's body and

The First Sunday of Ordinary Time soul already participate in the dignity of belonging to January 17, 2021 – Cycle B Christ. This dignity entails the demand that he should treat with respect his own body, but also the body of every 1 Samuel 3:3b-10,19 other person, especially the suffering: The body [is meant] for the Lord, and the Lord 2578 The prayer of the People of God flourishes in the for the body. And God raised the Lord and will shadow of God's dwelling place, first the ark of the also raise us up by his power. Do you not know covenant and later the Temple. At first the leaders of the that your bodies are members of Christ? . . . . You people - the shepherds and the prophets - teach them to are not your own; . . . . So glorify God in your pray. The infant Samuel must have learned from his body. mother Hannah how "to stand before the LORD" and from the priest Eli how to listen to his word: "Speak, 989 We firmly believe, and hence we hope that, just LORD, for your servant is listening." Later, he will also as Christ is truly risen from the dead and lives for ever, so know the cost and consequence of intercession: after death the righteous will live for ever with the risen "Moreover, as for me, far be it from me that I should sin Christ and he will raise them up on the last day. Our against the LORD by ceasing to pray for you; and I will resurrection, like his own, will be the work of the Most instruct you in the good and the right way." Holy Trinity: If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus Psalm 40:2, 4, 7-10 from the dead will give life to your mortal bodies also through his Spirit who dwells in you. 2657 The Holy Spirit, who instructs us to celebrate the liturgy in expectation of Christ's return, teaches us-to pray in hope. Conversely, the prayer of the Church and 2355 Prostitution does injury to the dignity of the personal prayer nourish hope in us. The psalms especially, person who engages in it, reducing the person to an with their concrete and varied language, teach us to fix instrument of sexual pleasure. The one who pays sins our hope in God: "I waited patiently for the LORD; he gravely against himself: he violates the chastity to inclined to me and heard my cry." As St. Paul prayed: which his Baptism pledged him and defiles his body, "May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in the temple of the Holy Spirit. Prostitution is a social believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit you may scourge. It usually involves women, but also men, abound in hope." children, and adolescents (The latter two cases involve the added sin of scandal.). While it is always gravely sinful to 462 The Letter to the Hebrews refers to the same engage in prostitution, the imputability of the offense can mystery: be attenuated by destitution, blackmail, or social pressure. Consequently, when Christ came into the world, he said, "Sacrifices and offerings you have not 796 The unity of Christ and the Church, head and desired, but a body have you prepared for me; in members of one Body, also implies the distinction of the burnt offerings and sin offerings you have taken two within a personal relationship. This aspect is often no pleasure. Then I said, Lo, I have come to do expressed by the image of bridegroom and bride. The your will, O God." theme of Christ as Bridegroom of the Church was prepared for by the prophets and announced by John the 2824 In Christ, and through his human will, the will of Baptist. The Lord referred to himself as the the Father has been perfectly fulfilled once for all. Jesus "bridegroom." The Apostle speaks of the whole Church said on entering into this world: "Lo, I have come to do and of each of the faithful, members of his Body, as a your will, O God." Only Jesus can say: "I always do bride "betrothed" to Christ the Lord so as to become what is pleasing to him." In the prayer of his agony, he but one spirit with him. The Church is the spotless bride consents totally to this will: "not my will, but yours be of the spotless Lamb. "Christ loved the Church and gave done." For this reason Jesus "gave himself for our sins to himself up for her, that he might sanctify her." He has deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will

joined her with himself in an everlasting covenant and 5 of our God and Father." "And by that will we have been never stops caring for her as for his own body: sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ This is the whole Christ, head and body, one formed Page once for all." from many . . . whether the head or members speak, it is Christ who speaks. He speaks in his role as the

head (ex persona capitis) and in his role as body (ex persona corporis). What does this mean? "The two Saint Ann Youth will become one flesh. This is a great mystery, and I am applying it to Christ and the Church." And the Lord himself says in the Gospel: "So they are no Office of Youth Ministries longer two, but one flesh." They are, in fact, two different persons, yet they are one in the conjugal Office of Youth Ministry Schedule (1/17/2021) union, . . . as head, he calls himself the bridegroom, as body, he calls himself "bride." The office of youth ministry schedule for the week is as follows. 1265 Baptism not only purifies from all sins, but also 1/17/2021: Out of Office makes the neophyte "a new creature," an adopted son of 1/18/2021: Out of Office God, who has become a "partaker of the divine 1/19/2021: 9AM-4PM nature," member of Christ and co-heir with him, and a 1/20/2021: 11AM-3PM temple of the Holy Spirit. 1/21/2021: 9AM-3PM 1/22/2021: 9AM-5PM 1269 Having become a member of the Church, the 1/23/2021: Out of Office person baptized belongs no longer to himself, but to 1/24/2021: 9AM-4PM him who died and rose for us. From now on, he is called If you would like to schedule a meeting with the to be subject to others, to serve them in the communion of Youth Minister please contact him using information the Church, and to "obey and submit" to the Church's provided at the top of page 2. leaders, holding them in respect and affection. Just as Baptism is the source of responsibilities and duties, the baptized person also enjoys rights within the Church: to Youth Ministry Schedule (1/17/2021) receive the sacraments, to be nourished with the Word of God and to be sustained by the other spiritual helps of the The Youth Ministry schedule for the next two Church. weeks is as follows.

1695 "Justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ 1/19/2021 and in the Spirit of our God,"13 "sanctified . . . [and] called El Camino a Emmaus Zoom (6:30PM) to be saints," Christians have become the temple of 1/20/2021 the Holy Spirit. This "Spirit of the Son" teaches them to High School Lectio Divina FB: 5 (7:00PM) pray to the Father and, having become their life, prompts Art of Lectio Divina FB: 6 (7:00PM) them to act so as to bear "the fruit of the Spirit" by charity 1/21/2021 in action. Healing the wounds of sin, the Holy Spirit The Road to Emmaus Zoom (7:30PM) renews us interiorly through a spiritual transformation.He 1/27/2021 enlightens and strengthens us to live as "children of light" High School Lectio Divina FB: 5 (7:00PM) through "all that is good and right and true." Art of Lectio Divina FB: 6 (7:00PM) 1/28/2020 The Road to Emmaus Zoom (7:30PM) John 1:35-42 1/31/2021 Winter Confirmation Prep FB: 5 (11:30AM) 608 After agreeing to baptize him along with the sinners, looked at Jesus and pointed *SAC (Saint Ann Church) him out as the "Lamb of God, who takes away the sin *SHC (Sacred Heart Chapel) of the world". By doing so, he reveals that Jesus is at the *PH (Parish Hall) same time the suffering Servant who silently allows *FB (Formation Building) himself to be led to the slaughter and who bears the sin of *Zoom (Utilizing the Zoom App) the multitudes, and also the Paschal Lamb, the symbol of Israel's redemption at the first Passover. Christ's whole life expresses his mission: "to serve, and to give his life as

a ransom for many." 6 Page

Youth Faith Formation Program are under attack. Amidst all of this, Bishop Olson has made what appears according to social media, the The Youth Faith Formation Program is designed controversial request that we pray for the incoming from top to bottom to both prepare our youth to receive president and vice president. This week we examine the the Sacrament of Confirmation and afterward prepare chaos and confusion which has resulted from our Culture them to use the graces from the Sacrament of of Brokenness. Confirmation in living out their life as a Catholic with The Saint Ann Youth Ministry podcast is great intentionality. available on iTunes, Spotify, Google Podcasts, and the The Faith Formation program is carried out in Saint Ann Webpage at www.stanninburleson.com/podcasts. two phases, Middle School and High School formation. You can view the Saint Ann Youth Ministry Podcast Each year rather than learning a standard set of topics, Videos at www.stanninburleson.com/video-podcast or on they will choose two topics which they would like to learn the youth youtube channel. You may always request a about that year to prepare the to receive the Sacrament of special topic by sending an e-mail to Confirmation. In this way, our youth can take greater [email protected] ownership of their faith formation, and certain subjects remain open to our youth, even if they did not attend Quinceañera Program particular classes in a particular year. This helps prevent any youth from being “left behind” because they missed The Saint Ann office of youth ministries is in the a year in which certain topics may be discussed. process of providing a fuller, more developed and methodological Quinceañera program. Youth Ministry Newsletter To receive a Quinceañera blessing at Saint Ann you must fulfill the following pre-requisites set forth by The Saint Ann Youth Ministry Newsletter is a the Diocese Fort Worth on page 4 of the Quince Años weekly publication which was started at the direction of Celebration Guidelines and Resources. Trisha Vasquez as the Director of Religious Education. The Saint Ann Youth Ministry Newsletter was and is 1. The participant shall be baptized. intended to provide weekly updates on the programs and 2. The participant should have received the events taking place within Saint Ann Youth Ministries, sacraments of First communion and Penance or be provide information on other pertinent events throughout preparing for the reception of the sacraments. the Church, as well as share articles and information about 3. The participant (or family) should be the faith and the saints which parents can use to help teach registered members of the parish in which they are asking the faith to their children and young adults. for the Quince Años celebration or ask permission from Along with our parish patron Saint Ann, the the Pastor to prepare at another parish. patron of the Youth Ministry Newsletter is Saint 4. The participant should be registered in the . Saint Maximilian Kolbe was arrested parish religious education program presently and the year by the German Third Reich for resuming the publication prior to their Quince Años celebration or be in some faith of a journal which was critical of the Nazi party. He was formation process like Catholic school or authorized sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp where he died home study. when he took the place of another man who was to be starved to death in a bunker. Saints Ann and Maximilian If you fulfill these pre-requisites and would like Kolbe, pray for us. to schedule a Quinceañera, please contact the Youth Minister to receive and go over the required Quinceañera Youth Ministry Podcast (1/17/2020) paperwork and approval form. Without a completed approval form, you will not be able to have a Quinceañera On January 13th, we released the 39th episode of at Saint Ann. You may find the contact information on the Saint Ann Youth Ministry Podcast. This episode was the top of Page 2. titled “Today in our Culture of Brokenness – Unrest in DC.” There is an undoubted sense of discord in our nation. As riots have taken place across this country

throughout the last year, they have been topped off by a

riot in the capital of the United States. In addition, the 7 conservative social media network Parler has apparently been shutdown without servers willing to host them, and Page supporters of the platform are claiming that the 1st Amendment, freedom of speech and the very Constitution

Middle School Faith Formation Our Life in the Church (1/10/2021) Grade: 8

By January 24th, all youth enrolled in Our Life in High School Faith Formation the Church should have completed Lesson 11: Saints in Our History – The First Thousand Years. About two Girl’s Discipleship (1/17/2021) thousand years have elapsed since the founding of the Church and its birth on Pentecost. As we have seen, it Girl’s discipleship met via the Zoom app on began as a small community, but like the mustard seed in January 10th, 2020. They are utilizing the YOU the parable, it has grown and spread throughout the world. curriculum which talks about John Paul II’s Theology of During that time it has faced many difficulties and the Body. weathered many storms. Yet the Church has survived and Catechists: Sonya Wray, Catherine Fuchs. is today the same Church of which Our Lord spoke when he said to Peter, “. . . on this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it” (Mt

Faith Formation Home Study 16:18).

The Church could not have survived without the Following Christ (1/10/2021) constant guidance and protection of the Holy Spirit. In Grade: 6 order to preserve the Church God has raised up many holy men and women who are today recognized as saints. With By January 24th, all youth enrolled in Following God’s help they have been able to put their various talents Christ should have completed up to Lesson 11: Respect and personalities in the service of the Church’s special Life. Man is a creature composed of body and soul. Some need. people go about their business as if they had never heard The virtuous lives of these saints are still a source of the soul. The truth is that both body and soul are of example and inspiration for us today. Let us now look essential to the human being. Though separated by death, at a few periods in the Church’s history as they are the body and the soul are destined to be reunited at the reflected in the lives of some of her greatest saints. resurrection on the Last Day. Because we have souls made in the image of God Introduction to Catholicism (1/10/2021) we can share in God’s life. We call this supernatural life High School because it is above our natural life here on earth. We can

possess it only as God’s gift. By January 24th, all youth enrolled in Introduction The Fifth Commandment, “You shall not kill,” to Catholicism should have completed Lesson 10: The gives us the responsibility to care for both the natural and Sacraments. Through his Passion, Death, and supernatural life that God has given to us and all men. Resurrection, Our Lord Jesus Christ earned for us the

graces of Redemption. Grace is the divine life of the The Life of Grace (1/10/2021) Blessed Trinity made available to us so that we may Grade: 7 become holy and enjoy eternal life with God in Heaven. God can dispense this grace any way he wishes. He chose, By January 24th, all youth enrolled in The Life of however, to create the Sacraments as special channels by Grace should have completed Lesson 11: Jesus Founds which he makes his grace available to human beings His Church. We have seen that an important part of through his Church. salvation history was the forming of a people, God’s chosen people, to whom divine revelation was Understanding the Scriptures (1/10/2021) given and from whom the Messiah would come. They High School were very proud of this gift from God. But Saint Paul tells us that most of the Israelites rejected the Messiah when he By January 24th, all youth enrolled in came; he just did not meet their idea of what the Anointed Understanding the Scriptures should have completed One should be. But those Jews who accepted Jesus as Lesson 11: Wise King . After died Lord and who put their faith in him became

and Solomon was firmly established on the throne, God

the new People of God. By their acceptance of our Lord appeared to Solomon in a dream. 8 they remained faithful to their calling as God’s chosen In that night God appeared to Solomon, and said ones. to him, “Ask what I shall give you.” And Solomon said to Page God, “Thou hast shown great and steadfast love to David my father, and hast made me king in his stead. O LORD

God, let thy promise to David my father be now fulfilled, words reminded, like Christians throughout history, “we for thou hast made me king over a people as many as the are called to overcome the world by our faith.” dust of the earth. Give me now wisdom and knowledge to go out and come in before these people, for who can rule Youth Fellowship this thy people, that is so great?” (2 Chr 1: 7-10) Solomon might have asked for anything: wealth, Introduction to Lectio Divina (11/1/2020) power, or even revenge on his enemies. Instead, he asked only for the wisdom to govern the people God had set him Saint Ann Youth Ministries would like to thank over as king. our parishioners who have stepped up to make Introduction to Lectio Divina possible. We are looking to Our Moral Life in Christ (1/10/2021) begin starting Introduction to Lectio Divina within a

th month. By January 24 , all youth enrolled in Our Moral Catechists: None Life in Christ should have completed Lesson 11: The Third Commandment. The Sabbath day, which had an High School Lectio Divina (1/17/2020) enormous importance throughout the history of Israel, became the Christian Sunday. The redeeming Death of This week the youth continued to learn to enter Jesus Christ, his Resurrection on the first day of the week, into prayer using the TACO method and meditated on the and the descent of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost were Gospel when John the Baptist identified Jesus as the decisive events for the faith of the Apostles, who were “Lamb of God,” and discussed the number of Johns in the witnesses to these events. From the beginning of the Gospel. Church, the Apostles worshiped on Sunday,1 and the day Attendees: 5/7 of worship in the was officially Maximum Class Size: 7 transferred to Sunday by the emperor Constantine in the Catechists: Drew Thomas, Donna Heim, Bob fourth century. Grubb, Char Smith

The History of the Church (1/10/2020) The Art of Lectio Divina (1/17/2021) High School

By January 24th, all youth enrolled in The Life of The Art of Lectio Divina was able to meet for Grace should have completed Lesson 11: A Century of Lectio Divina again this week. Suffering. With the pontificates of Innocent III, Gregory Attendees: 3/4 IX, and Boniface VIII, Church authority together with a Catechist: Tanya Streibich united Western Christendom reached its zenith. During the thirteenth century, the Church established the legal foundation of the Medieval state, combated heresy and contested with emperors and kings for its legitimate role in regulating society. During this period, the Church finally achieved a balance between its temporal responsibilities and its spiritual authority. The fourteenth century, however, would witness a dramatic change sweep across the face of Europe, and the accomplishments of the thirteenth century would begin to unravel. The rising kingdoms of France, Germany, and England would no longer be willing to submit themselves to the leadership of the pope. Furthermore Church authority would be almost fatally eroded by its long tenure under the influence of the French Kings at Avignon and by forty years of . The survival of Europe would be threatened by both internal and external forces. Plague and famine would shake Medieval society to its very foundations; war within Christendom (between England 9 and France) would destroy the flower of feudal aristocracy; and the Turks would ravage Constantinople Page and threaten further expansion into Christendom. Indeed, it was a dark time, but as John Paul II’s encouraging

arrangement has created serious gaps in both priestly What Did the Popes Say? formation and theological research. Consider, for instance, the disregard of modern thought and culture Pope John Paul II which has led either to a refusal of any kind of dialogue Fides et Ratio: 61(b)-65(a) or to an indiscriminate acceptance of any kind of On the Relationship Between Faith and Reason philosophy. I trust most sincerely that these difficulties will be CHAPTER V overcome by an intelligent philosophical and theological THE MAGISTERIUM'S INTERVENTIONS IN formation, which must never be lacking in the Church. PHILOSOPHICAL MATTERS 63. For the reasons suggested here, it has seemed to me urgent to re-emphasize with this Encyclical Letter The Church's Interest in Philosophy the Church's intense interest in philosophy—indeed the intimate bond which ties theological work to the There are various reasons for this philosophical search for truth. From this comes the disenchantment. First, there is the distrust of reason found Magisterium's duty to discern and promote philosophical in much contemporary philosophy, which has largely thinking which is not at odds with faith. It is my task to abandoned metaphysical study of the ultimate human state principles and criteria which in my judgement are questions in order to concentrate upon problems which necessary in order to restore a harmonious and creative are more detailed and restricted, at times even purely relationship between theology and philosophy. In the light formal. Another reason, it should be said, is the of these principles and criteria, it will be possible to misunderstanding which has arisen especially with regard discern with greater clarity what link, if any, theology to the “human sciences”. On a number of occasions, the should forge with the different philosophical opinions or Second Vatican Council stressed the positive value of systems which the world of today presents. scientific research for a deeper knowledge of the mystery of the human being.85 But the invitation addressed to CHAPTER VI theologians to engage the human sciences and apply them THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY properly in their enquiries should not be interpreted as an AND THEOLOGY implicit authorization to marginalize philosophy or to put something else in its place in pastoral formation and in The Knowledge of Faith and the Demands of the praeparatio fidei. A further factor is the renewed Philosophical Reason interest in the inculturation of faith. The life of the young Churches in particular has brought to light, together with 64. The word of God is addressed to all people, sophisticated modes of thinking, an array of expressions in every age and in every part of the world; and the of popular wisdom; and this constitutes a genuine cultural human being is by nature a philosopher. As a reflective wealth of traditions. Yet the study of traditional ways and scientific elaboration of the understanding of God's must go hand in hand with philosophical enquiry, an word in the light of faith, theology for its part must enquiry which will allow the positive traits of popular relate, in some of its procedures and in the performance wisdom to emerge and forge the necessary link with the of its specific tasks, to the philosophies which have proclamation of the Gospel. been developed through the ages. I have no wish to 62. I wish to repeat clearly that the study of direct theologians to particular methods, since that is philosophy is fundamental and indispensable to the not the competence of the Magisterium. I wish instead structure of theological studies and to the formation of to recall some specific tasks of theology which, by the candidates for the priesthood. It is not by chance that the very nature of the revealed word, demand recourse to curriculum of theological studies is preceded by a time of philosophical enquiry. special study of philosophy. This decision, confirmed by 65. Theology is structured as an understanding the Fifth Lateran Council,87 is rooted in the experience which matured through the Middle Ages, when the of faith in the light of a twofold methodological importance of a constructive harmony of philosophical principle: the auditus fidei and the intellectus fidei. and theological learning emerged. This ordering of With the first, theology makes its own the content of studies influenced, promoted and enabled much of the Revelation as this has been gradually expounded in Sacred Tradition, Sacred Scripture and the Church's

development of modern philosophy, albeit indirectly. One 10 telling example of this is the influence of living Magisterium. With the second, theology seeks to the Disputationes Metaphysicae of Francisco Suárez, respond through speculative enquiry to the specific Page which found its way even into the Lutheran universities demands of disciplined thought. of Germany. Conversely, the dismantling of this

Pope Francis duty. All of us have a responsibility for the wounded, Fratelli Tutti: 77-83 those of our own people and all the peoples of the earth. On Fraternity and Social Friendship Let us care for the needs of every man and woman, young and old, with the same fraternal spirit of care and CHAPTER II closeness that marked the Good Samaritan. A STRANGER ON THE ROAD Neighbors Without Borders Starting Anew 80. Jesus told the parable of the Good Samaritan 77. Each day offers us a new opportunity, a new in answer to the question: Who is my neighbor? The word possibility. We should not expect everything from those “neighbor,” in the society of Jesus’ time, usually meant who govern us, for that would be childish. We have the those nearest us. It was felt that help should be given space we need for co-responsibility in creating and primarily to those of one’s own group and race. For some putting into place new processes and changes. Let us take Jews of that time, Samaritans were looked down upon, an active part in renewing and supporting our troubled considered impure. They were not among those to be societies. Today we have a great opportunity to express helped. Jesus, himself a Jew, completely transforms this our innate sense of fraternity, to be Good Samaritans who approach. He asks us not to decide who is close enough bear the pain of other people’s troubles rather than to be our neighbor, but rather that we ourselves become fomenting greater hatred and resentment. Like the chance neighbors to all. traveler in the parable, we need only have a pure and 81. Jesus asks us to be present to those in need of simple desire to be a people, a community, constant and help, regardless of whether or not they belong to our tireless in the effort to include, integrate and lift up the social group. In this case, the Samaritan became a fallen. We may often find ourselves succumbing to the neighbor to the wounded Judean. By approaching and mentality of the violent, the blindly ambitious, those who making himself present, he crossed all cultural and spread mistrust and lies. Others may continue to view historical barriers. Jesus concludes the parable by saying: politics or the economy as an arena for their own power “Go and do likewise” (Lk 10:37). In other words, he plays. For our part, let us foster what is good and place challenged us to put aside all differences and, in the face ourselves at its service. of suffering, to draw near to others with no questions 78. We can start from below and, case by case, asked. I should no longer say that I have neighbors to act at the most concrete and local levels, and then expand help, but that I must myself be a neighbor to others. to the farthest reaches of our countries and our world, with 82. The parable, though, is troubling, for Jesus the same care and concern that the Samaritan showed for says that the wounded man was a Judean, while the one each of the wounded man’s injuries. Let us seek out who stopped and helped him was a Samaritan. Theis others and embrace the world as it is, without fear of pain detail is quite significant for our reflection on a love that or a sense of inadequacy, because there we will discover includes everyone. The Samaritans lived in a region all the goodness that God has planted in human heart. where pagan rites were practiced. For the Jews, this made Difficulties that seem overwhelming are opportunities for them impure, detestable, dangerous. In fact, one ancient growth, not excuses for a glum resignation that can lead Jewish text referring to nations that were hated, speaks of only to acquiescence. Yet let us not do this alone, as Samaria as “not even a people” (Sir 50:25); it also refers individuals. The Samaritan discovered an innkeeper who to “the foolish people that live in Shechem” (50:26). would care for the man; we too are called to unite as a 83. This explains why a Samaritan woman, when family that is stronger than the sum of small individual asked by Jesus for a drink, answered curtly: “How is it members. For “the whole is greater than the part, but it is that you, a Jew, ask a drink of me, a woman of Samaria?” also greater than the sum of its parts.” Let us renounce (Jn 4:9). The most offensive charge that those who sought the pettiness and resentment of useless in-fighting and to discredit Jesus could bring wat that he was “possessed” constant confrontation. Let us stop feeling sorry for and “a Samaritan” (Jn 8:48). So this encounter of mercy ourselves and acknowledge our crimes, our apathy, our between a Samaritan and Jew is highly provocative; it lies. Reparation and reconciliation will give us new life leaves no room for ideological manipulation and and set us all free from fear. challenged us to expand our frontiers. It gives a universal 79. The Samaritan who stopped along the way dimension to our call to love, one that transcends all prejudices, all historical and cultural barriers, all petty

departed without expecting any recognition or gratitude. 11 His effort to assist another person gave him great interests.

satisfaction in life and before his God, and thus became a Page

Pope Saint Fabian

Pope and

Although the year of Fabianus’ birth is unknown, Seeing this as the death sentence it was, it is likely to have occurred in the late 100’s or early 200’s retired as Pope, and he and Hippolytus were afterward AD. His mother in unknown, but his father’s name was reconciled, either just before their departure of , or Fabian. Very little is known about his youth nor his during their time in the mines where both ultimately died. formation or possible conversion to Catholicism. While Anterus was elected as the successor to Depending on the time of his youth and the age in Pontian and began to work to reunify the Church, which he began to become involved in the Church, Maximus Thrax brought division to the Roman empire. Fabianus could have been in the Church during the Maximus was never able to actually enter Rome and ruled pontificate of Pope Callixtus I. Callixtus had been a from outside the city, known as the Barracks Emperor. Roman slave who was denounced as a Christian and During this tumultuous time, was martyred forced to work in the mines of . Eventually only three months into his reign as the Pope. released, he became a deacon, a priest, and when Pope With the loss of two Popes in a year, Fabianus Zephyrinus died in 217, Callixtus had been elected Pope. came in from the countryside for the new papal election. At the time, sacramental absolution required Over the course of thirteen days, a number of famous and years, sometimes as much or more than a decade, of noble churchmen were considered for the Papacy, but no penance before absolution was granted. Certain sins, such one could come to an agreement. On the last day, a dove as post baptismal murder or adultery would not be flew into the assembly and landed on Fabianus who had forgiven unless a martyr dedicated their death to reconcile never been considered by any to become the new Pope. the penitent. When Pope Callixtus began to admit This event was taken as a sign, recalling the gospel when converts from sects or schismatics who had not done the the Holy Spirit descended like a dove on Jesus during his long and rigorous penance, as well as those who had baptism, and Fabianus was immediately proclaimed Pope committed sins which would not have typically been by popular acclamation in 236 AD. absolved, he developed many enemies in the Church, By 238, the Roman senate revolted against among whom were both Tertullian and Hippolytus of Maximus Thrax, who was in turn stranded outside Rome. Rome. Hippolytus for his part was so scandalized by the His troops, beginning to starve and unhappy with laxity, that he led a sect which elected him as Pope in attempting to siege Rome, assassinated Maximum and his opposition to Callixtus, making Hippolytus the first anti- son. This began the quick succession of the year of the Pope in Church history. The unrest ultimately resulted in six emperors, until Gordian III finally became emperor of a popular uprising which resulted in the death of Pope Rome. Callixtus I in 222 AD. was able to exert influence at court, The same time Urban I was elected as the and negotiate both an era of tolerance for the Church, as legitimate Pope, became the Emperor well as the return of the bodies of both Pope Pontian and of the Roman Empire. Severus Alexander’s reign was from the mines of Sardinia. The marked by laxity regarding , and while return of the body of Hippolytus likely helped Fabian in Fabianus would not suffer persecution from the state as a his efforts to reconcile the schismatics who had supported Catholic, the Church continued to be divided over the Hippolytus with the Church. laxity associated with sacramental absolution. Pope Pope Fabian divided the into Urban I continued to hold the views of Pope Callixtus, seven districts, and sent subdeacons to collect the court and treated the schismatics led by Hippolytus within proceedings for the trials of convicted . Fabian then Rome the same as his predecessor. Urban remained Pope started significant work on the catacombs where the martyrs until 230 AD, when he was beaten, tortured and beheaded and other honored Christians would be buried, and had the for the toppling of a pagan idol. body of Pope Pontian buried with Pope Callixtus. He then When Pope Pontian was elected the Bishop of began missions to the Gaul’s, sending seven from Rome that year, the same dispute continued between Rome to preach to them. The year 249 AD saw the rise of Decius as Emperor himself and Hippolytus until the death of Emperor Severus in 235AD. His successor, was of Rome who instigated a short, but violent persecution of

Christians, ordering everyone except Jews to offer incense 12 declared emperor by the Praetorian Guard, and having to the Roman Gods. Pope Fabian was one of the earliest contended with numerous threats to his own power before victims of this persecution, who was likely arrested in late Page becoming emperor decided to eliminate the squabbling 249, or early 250 AD, suffering and dying in prison in Catholic factions and exiled both Pope Pontian and anti- January of 250 AD. Pope Fabian’s feast day is January 20th. Pope Hippolytus of Rome to the mines of Sardinia.

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