Observations of the X-Ray Pulsars XTE J1946+274, 4U 0115+634, and GX 304−1
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University of Iowa Instruments in Space
University of Iowa Instruments in Space A-D13-089-5 Wind Van Allen Probes Cluster Mercury Earth Venus Mars Express HaloSat MMS Geotail Mars Voyager 2 Neptune Uranus Juno Pluto Jupiter Saturn Voyager 1 Spaceflight instruments designed and built at the University of Iowa in the Department of Physics & Astronomy (1958-2019) Explorer 1 1958 Feb. 1 OGO 4 1967 July 28 Juno * 2011 Aug. 5 Launch Date Launch Date Launch Date Spacecraft Spacecraft Spacecraft Explorer 3 (U1T9)58 Mar. 26 Injun 5 1(U9T68) Aug. 8 (UT) ExpEloxrpelro r1e r 4 1915985 8F eJbu.l y1 26 OEGxOpl o4rer 41 (IMP-5) 19697 Juunlye 2 281 Juno * 2011 Aug. 5 Explorer 2 (launch failure) 1958 Mar. 5 OGO 5 1968 Mar. 4 Van Allen Probe A * 2012 Aug. 30 ExpPloiorenre 3er 1 1915985 8M Oarc. t2. 611 InEjuxnp lo5rer 45 (SSS) 197618 NAouvg.. 186 Van Allen Probe B * 2012 Aug. 30 ExpPloiorenre 4er 2 1915985 8Ju Nlyo 2v.6 8 EUxpKlo 4r e(rA 4ri1el -(4IM) P-5) 197619 DJuenc.e 1 211 Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission / 1 * 2015 Mar. 12 ExpPloiorenre 5e r 3 (launch failure) 1915985 8A uDge.c 2. 46 EPxpiolonreeerr 4130 (IMP- 6) 19721 Maarr.. 313 HMEaRgCnIe CtousbpeShaetr i(cF oMxu-1ltDis scaatelell itMe)i ssion / 2 * 2021081 J5a nM. a1r2. 12 PionPeioenr e1er 4 1915985 9O cMt.a 1r.1 3 EExpxlpolorerer r4 457 ( S(IMSSP)-7) 19721 SNeopvt.. 1263 HMaalogSnaett oCsupbhee Sriact eMlluitlet i*scale Mission / 3 * 2021081 M5a My a2r1. 12 Pioneer 2 1958 Nov. 8 UK 4 (Ariel-4) 1971 Dec. 11 Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission / 4 * 2015 Mar. -
Information Summaries
TIROS 8 12/21/63 Delta-22 TIROS-H (A-53) 17B S National Aeronautics and TIROS 9 1/22/65 Delta-28 TIROS-I (A-54) 17A S Space Administration TIROS Operational 2TIROS 10 7/1/65 Delta-32 OT-1 17B S John F. Kennedy Space Center 2ESSA 1 2/3/66 Delta-36 OT-3 (TOS) 17A S Information Summaries 2 2 ESSA 2 2/28/66 Delta-37 OT-2 (TOS) 17B S 2ESSA 3 10/2/66 2Delta-41 TOS-A 1SLC-2E S PMS 031 (KSC) OSO (Orbiting Solar Observatories) Lunar and Planetary 2ESSA 4 1/26/67 2Delta-45 TOS-B 1SLC-2E S June 1999 OSO 1 3/7/62 Delta-8 OSO-A (S-16) 17A S 2ESSA 5 4/20/67 2Delta-48 TOS-C 1SLC-2E S OSO 2 2/3/65 Delta-29 OSO-B2 (S-17) 17B S Mission Launch Launch Payload Launch 2ESSA 6 11/10/67 2Delta-54 TOS-D 1SLC-2E S OSO 8/25/65 Delta-33 OSO-C 17B U Name Date Vehicle Code Pad Results 2ESSA 7 8/16/68 2Delta-58 TOS-E 1SLC-2E S OSO 3 3/8/67 Delta-46 OSO-E1 17A S 2ESSA 8 12/15/68 2Delta-62 TOS-F 1SLC-2E S OSO 4 10/18/67 Delta-53 OSO-D 17B S PIONEER (Lunar) 2ESSA 9 2/26/69 2Delta-67 TOS-G 17B S OSO 5 1/22/69 Delta-64 OSO-F 17B S Pioneer 1 10/11/58 Thor-Able-1 –– 17A U Major NASA 2 1 OSO 6/PAC 8/9/69 Delta-72 OSO-G/PAC 17A S Pioneer 2 11/8/58 Thor-Able-2 –– 17A U IMPROVED TIROS OPERATIONAL 2 1 OSO 7/TETR 3 9/29/71 Delta-85 OSO-H/TETR-D 17A S Pioneer 3 12/6/58 Juno II AM-11 –– 5 U 3ITOS 1/OSCAR 5 1/23/70 2Delta-76 1TIROS-M/OSCAR 1SLC-2W S 2 OSO 8 6/21/75 Delta-112 OSO-1 17B S Pioneer 4 3/3/59 Juno II AM-14 –– 5 S 3NOAA 1 12/11/70 2Delta-81 ITOS-A 1SLC-2W S Launches Pioneer 11/26/59 Atlas-Able-1 –– 14 U 3ITOS 10/21/71 2Delta-86 ITOS-B 1SLC-2E U OGO (Orbiting Geophysical -
Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY HAER FL-8-B BUILDING AE HAER FL-8-B (John F. Kennedy Space Center, Hanger AE) Cape Canaveral Brevard County Florida PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 100 Alabama St. NW Atlanta, GA 30303 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY BUILDING AE (Hangar AE) HAER NO. FL-8-B Location: Hangar Road, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Industrial Area, Brevard County, Florida. USGS Cape Canaveral, Florida, Quadrangle. Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: E 540610 N 3151547, Zone 17, NAD 1983. Date of Construction: 1959 Present Owner: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Present Use: Home to NASA’s Launch Services Program (LSP) and the Launch Vehicle Data Center (LVDC). The LVDC allows engineers to monitor telemetry data during unmanned rocket launches. Significance: Missile Assembly Building AE, commonly called Hangar AE, is nationally significant as the telemetry station for NASA KSC’s unmanned Expendable Launch Vehicle (ELV) program. Since 1961, the building has been the principal facility for monitoring telemetry communications data during ELV launches and until 1995 it processed scientifically significant ELV satellite payloads. Still in operation, Hangar AE is essential to the continuing mission and success of NASA’s unmanned rocket launch program at KSC. It is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criterion A in the area of Space Exploration as Kennedy Space Center’s (KSC) original Mission Control Center for its program of unmanned launch missions and under Criterion C as a contributing resource in the CCAFS Industrial Area Historic District. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Charged
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Charged Particle Energization and Transport in the Magnetotail during Substorms A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Physics by Qingjiang Pan 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Charged Particle Energization and Transport in the Magnetotail during Substorms by Qingjiang Pan Doctor of Philosophy in Physics University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Maha Ashour-Abdalla, Chair This dissertation addresses the problem of energization of particles (both electrons and ions) to tens and hundreds of keV and the associated transport process in the magnetotail during substorms. Particles energized in the magnetotail are further accelerated to even higher energies (hundreds of keV to MeV) in the radiation belts, causing space weather hazards to human activities in space and on ground. We develop an analytical model to quantitatively estimate flux changes caused by betatron and Fermi acceleration when particles are transported along narrow high-speed flow channels from the magnetotail to the inner magnetosphere. The model shows that energetic particle flux can be significantly enhanced by a modest compression of the magnetic field and/or ii shrinking of the distance between the magnetic mirror points. We use coordinated spacecraft measurements, global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations driven by measured upstream solar wind conditions, and large-scale kinetic (LSK) simulations to quantify electron local acceleration in the near-Earth reconnection region and nonlocal acceleration during plasma earthward transport. Compared to the analytical model, application of the LSK simulations is much less restrictive because trajectories of millions of test particles are calculated in the realistically determined global MHD fields and the results are statistical. -
An Analysis of Solar Energetic Particle Spectra Throughout the Inner Heliosphere
An Analysis of Solar Energetic Particle Spectra Throughout the Inner Heliosphere J. Douglas Patterson 19th December 2002 Contents 1 Previous Studies and Results 1 1.1 Solar Structure and the Heliosphere . 1 1.2 Source of the Solar Wind and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field . 6 1.2.1 Solar Wind Outflow . 6 1.2.2 Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) . 9 1.3 Global Chracteristics of the Inner Heliosphere . 10 1.3.1 The Solar Wind and Solar Magnetic Field . 10 1.3.2 Solar Energetic Particles . 10 1.3.3 Co-Rotating Interaction Regions . 12 1.3.4 Anomalous and Galactic Cosmic Rays . 12 1.4 Acceleration Processes . 13 1.4.1 DC Electric Field Acceleration . 13 1.4.2 Wave-Particle Interactions . 13 1.4.3 Shock Drift and Diffusive Acceleration . 17 2 Spacecraft Mission Descriptions 25 2.1 The Ulysses Mission . 25 2.1.1 Mission Goals and Objectives . 26 2.1.2 The Spacecraft . 26 2.1.3 Trajectory . 28 2.2 The Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) Mission . 29 2.2.1 Mission Goals and Objectives . 29 2.2.2 The Spacecraft . 29 2.2.3 Trajectory . 31 2.3 The EPAM and the HISCALE Instruments . 31 2.3.1 The Hardware and Detector Types . 31 2.3.2 On-Board Data Processing and Data Format . 36 ii 2.3.3 Instrument-Specific Problems . 38 2.4 The IMP-8 Spacecraft and CPME Instrument . 40 2.4.1 Spacecraft and Trajectory . 42 2.4.2 Charged Particle Measurement Experiment . 42 3 Data Reduction and Analysis Procedures 46 3.1 Determination of the Background Rates for EPAM and HISCALE . -
<> CRONOLOGIA DE LOS SATÉLITES ARTIFICIALES DE LA
1 SATELITES ARTIFICIALES. Capítulo 5º Subcap. 10 <> CRONOLOGIA DE LOS SATÉLITES ARTIFICIALES DE LA TIERRA. Esta es una relación cronológica de todos los lanzamientos de satélites artificiales de nuestro planeta, con independencia de su éxito o fracaso, tanto en el disparo como en órbita. Significa pues que muchos de ellos no han alcanzado el espacio y fueron destruidos. Se señala en primer lugar (a la izquierda) su nombre, seguido de la fecha del lanzamiento, el país al que pertenece el satélite (que puede ser otro distinto al que lo lanza) y el tipo de satélite; este último aspecto podría no corresponderse en exactitud dado que algunos son de finalidad múltiple. En los lanzamientos múltiples, cada satélite figura separado (salvo en los casos de fracaso, en que no llegan a separarse) pero naturalmente en la misma fecha y juntos. NO ESTÁN incluidos los llevados en vuelos tripulados, si bien se citan en el programa de satélites correspondiente y en el capítulo de “Cronología general de lanzamientos”. .SATÉLITE Fecha País Tipo SPUTNIK F1 15.05.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK F2 21.08.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK 01 04.10.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK 02 03.11.1957 URSS Científico VANGUARD-1A 06.12.1957 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 01 31.01.1958 USA Científico VANGUARD-1B 05.02.1958 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 02 05.03.1958 USA Científico VANGUARD-1 17.03.1958 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 03 26.03.1958 USA Científico SPUTNIK D1 27.04.1958 URSS Geodésico VANGUARD-2A -
NASA Astronauts
PUBLISHED BY Public Affairs Divisio~l Washington. D.C. 20546 1983 IColor4-by-5 inch transpar- available free to information lead and sent to: Non-informstionmedia may obtain identical material for a fee through a photographic contractor by using the order forms in the rear of this book. These photqraphs are government publications-not subject to copyright They may not be used to state oiimply the endorsement by NASA or by any NASA employee of a commercial product piocess or service, or used in any other manner that might mislead. Accordingly, it is requested that if any photograph is used in advertising and other commercial promotion. layout and copy be submitted to NASA prior to release. Front cover: "Lift-off of the Columbia-STS-2 by artist Paul Salmon 82-HC-292 82-ti-304 r 8arnr;w u vowzn u)rorr ~ nsrvnv~~nrnno................................................ .-- Seasat .......................................................................... 197 Skylab 1 Selected Pictures .......................................................150 Skylab 2 Selected Pictures ........................................................ 151 Skylab 3 Selected Pictures ........................................................152 Skylab 4 Selected Pictures ........................................................ 153 SpacoColony ...................................................................183 Space Shuttle ...................................................................171 Space Stations ..................................................................198 \libinn 1 1f.d Apoiio 17/Earth 72-HC-928 72-H-1578 Apolb B/Earth Rise 68-HC-870 68-H-1401 Voyager ;//Saturn 81-HC-520 81-H-582 Voyager I/Ssturian System 80-HC-647 80-H-866 Voyager IN~lpiterSystem 79-HC-256 79-H-356 Viking 2 on Mars 76-HC-855 76-H-870 Apollo 11 /Aldrin 69-HC-1253 69-H-682 Apollo !I /Aldrin 69-HC-684 69-H-1255 STS-I /Young and Crippen 79-HC-206 79-H-275 STS-1- ! QTPLaunch of the Columbia" 82-HC-23 82-H-22 Major Launches NAME UUNCH VEHICLE MISSIONIREMARKS 1956 VANGUARD Dec. -
A Y' 1969-Deeber 1972
- -7 5, 41, AN MA 969-DECEMBER43 D 47 197 AY' 1969-DEEBER 1972 S(NASA-TM-X-70481) TRAJECTORIES OF N73-33809 EXPLORERS 33, 35, 41, 43 AND 47, MAY 1969 - DEC. 1972 (NASA) 72 p HC $5.75 CSCL 22C Unclas "f -" G3/30 19441 D.' -'.FAIRFIELD K. W. BEAANNON( R. P LEPPING N. F. NESS "NFORMATN SERVI-E i -- SSpringfield, _ e te. VA.o Com 22151 e 1 AR -SPAC FLIGHT CETER S-ENBET MA RYLAND -N 14 N- TRAJECTORIES OF EXPLORERS 33, 35, 41, 43 and 47 May 1969-Dec 1972 D.H. Fairfield K.W. Behannon R.P. Lepping N.F. Ness Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland October 1973 /0 This document represents a continuation of a previous document (Behannon et al. 1970) and is presented with the intention that it will stimulate and facilitate correlative studies of data from various spacecraft. Figures 1-54 consist primarily of solar ecliptic plane projections of orbits of five different satellites although a limited number of XZ projections are shown to illustrate the large excursions of Explorer 33 away from the ecliptic plane. Nominal positions of the magnetopause and bow shock are included for reference. The plots are intended only to represent the trajectory of the spacecraft and imply nothing about the operational status of the various experiments nor the availability of the data. Information on these latter points can be ob- tained from the National Space Science Data Center, (e.g. King, 1971). It should be pointed out, however, that Explorers33 and 35 were very long lived spacecraft (> 2 yrs) and numerous experiments either ceased operation or exhibited a gradual deterioration during the extended lifetime. -
NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data
‘“L, United States General Acchunting Office \ Report to the Chairman, Committee on Science, Space and Technology, House of Representatives November 1990 SPACE OPERATIONS NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data GAO/IMTEC-91-3 Information Management and Technology Division B-240427 November 2,199O The Honorable Robert A. Roe Chairman, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology House of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: On March 2, 1990, we reported on how well the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) managed, stored, and archived space science data from past missions. This present report, as agreed with your office, discusses other data management issues, including (1) whether NASA is archiving its most valuable data, and (2) the extent to which a mechanism exists for obtaining input from the scientific community on what types of space science data should be archived. As arranged with your office, unless you publicly announce the contents of this report earlier, we plan no further distribution until 30 days from the date of this letter. We will then give copies to appropriate congressional committees, the Administrator of NASA, and other interested parties upon request. This work was performed under the direction of Samuel W. Howlin, Director for Defense and Security Information Systems, who can be reached at (202) 275-4649. Other major contributors are listed in appendix IX. Sincerely yours, Ralph V. Carlone Assistant Comptroller General Executive Summary The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is respon- Purpose sible for space exploration and for managing, archiving, and dissemi- nating space science data. Since 1958, NASA has spent billions on its space science programs and successfully launched over 260 scientific missions. -
NASA Major Launch Record
NASA Major Launch Record 1958 MISSION/ LAUNCH LAUNCH PERIOD CURRENT ORBITAL PARAMETERS WEIGHT REMARKS Intl Design VEHICLE DATE (Mins.) Apogee (km) Perigee (km) Incl (deg) (kg) (All Launches from ESMC, unless otherwise noted) 1958 1958 Pioneer I (U) Thor-Able I Oct 11 DOWN OCT 12, 1958 34.2 Measure magnetic fields around Earth or Moon. Error in burnout Eta I 130 (U) velocity and angle; did not reach Moon. Returned 43 hours of data on extent of radiation band, hydromagnetic oscillations of magnetic field, density of micrometeors in interplanetary space, and interplanetary magnetic field. Beacon I (U) Jupiter C Oct 23 DID NOT ACHIEVE ORBIT 4.2 Thin plastic sphere (12-feet in diameter after inflation) to study (U) atmosphere density at various levels. Upper stages and payload separated prior to first-stage burnout. Pioneer II (U) Thor-Able I Nov 8 DID NOT ACHIEVE ORBIT 39.1 Measurement of magnetic fields around Earth or Moon. Third stage 129 (U) failed to ignite. Its brief data provided evidence that equatorial region about Earth has higher flux and higher energy radiation than previously considered. Pioneer III (U) Juno II (U) Dec 6 DOWN DEC 7, 1958 5.9 Measurement of radiation in space. Error in burnout velocity and angle; did not reach Moon. During its flight, discovered second radiation belt around Earth. 1959 1959 Vanguard II (U) Vanguard Feb 17 122.8 3054 557 32.9 9.4 Sphere (20 inches in diameter) to measure cloud cover. First Earth Alpha 1 (SLV-4) (U) photo from satellite. Interpretation of data difficult because satellite developed precessing motion. -
Table of Artificial Satellites Launched in 1972
This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版(PDF版本)由国际电信联盟(ITU)图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union This list includes all artificial satellites launched the International Frequency Registration in 1972. It was prepared from information Board (IFRB), one of the four permanent provided by telecommunication administrations, organs of the ITU, and from details published the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), in the specialized press. The.data concerning the Goddard Space flight Center (GSFC) the orbit parameters are the initial orbital of the United States National Aeronautics data. Fragments or stages of rockets left over . and Space Administration (NASA), the Ministry of from launching operations and placed in Communications of the USSR, the Centre national orbit with the various spacecraft have d'etudes spatiales (CNES), France, not been included. -
MULTISTAGE, MULTIBAND and SEQUENTIAL IMAGERY to IDENTIFY and QUANTIFY NON-FOREST VEGETATION RESOURCES By
This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS IN FORESTRY MULTISTAGE, MULTIBAND AND SEQUENTIAL IMAGERY TO IDENTIFY AND QUANTIFY NON-FOREST VEGETATION RESOURCES by Richard S. Driscoll Richard E. Francis Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture Final Report 30 September 1972 A report of research performed under the auspices of the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory, School of Forestry and Conservation University of California Berkeley, California A CoordinationTask Carried Out in Cooperation with , The Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture For EARTH RESOURCES SURVEY PROGRAM OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION r I PREFACE On October 1, 1965, a cooperative agreement was signed between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) authorizing research to be undertaken in remote sensing as related to Agriculture, Forestry and Range Manage- ment Under funding provided by the Supporting Research and Technology (SR&T) program of NASA, Contract No. R-09-038-002. USDA designated the Forest SerVice to monitor and provide grants to forestry and range management research workers. All such studies were administered by the Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station in Berkeley, California in cooperation with the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory of the University.of California at Berkeley. Professor Robert N. Colwell of the University of California at Berkeley was designated coordinator of these research studies. Forest and range research studies were funded either directly with the Forest Service or by Memoranda of Agreement with cooperating univer- sities.