UNESCO 2017 United Nations Educational, Scientific and 2017 Cultural Organization UNESCO Cover Students at the Escola Primaria Unidade 7 in Maputo, Mozambique where UNESCO pilot-tested this year the VISUS (Visual Inspection for Defining the Safety Upgrading Strategies) methodology, as part of the Organization’s training to reinforce national capacities for critical infrastructure assessment. The safety of 192,000 Mozambican students from 100 schools was assessed during the first phase of this project. The UNESCO-VISUS methodology helps to assess school facilities by using a holistic, multi-hazard approach which considers site conditions, structural performance, local structural criticalities, nonstructural components and functional aspects. It is an effective decision-making tool for planning risk mitigation actions at the local, regional and national scales. © UNESCO/Jair Torres Published in 2018 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2018 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). The present license applies exclusively to the text content of this publication and to images whose copyright belongs to UNESCO. By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). 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Contents Preface 5 UNESCO’s mandate 6 The year in a snapshot 8 Chapter 1 Education transforms lives 11 Chapter 2 Fostering freedom of expression 29 Chapter 3 Protecting our heritage and fostering creativity 41 Chapter 4 Learning to live together 59 The new premises of the UNESCO Office in New Delhi Chapter 5 are a stunning medley Building knowledge societies 77 of creative artistry and functionality. Situated in the heart of the capital’s Chapter 6 diplomatic area, the One planet, one ocean 91 building was designed by the acclaimed Indian architect Satish Gujral Chapter 7 and constitutes a gift Science for a sustainable future 111 from the Government of India to the Organization. It was inaugurated on 39th session of the General Conference 131 31 August 2017 by the Indian Minister of Human Highlights of UNESCO’s actions in the field 139 Resource Development Mr Shri Prakash Javadekar and then Director-General UNESCO’s human and financial resources 149 of UNESCO Irina Bokova. © UNESCO Annexes 153 © UNESCO/Nora Houguenade Preface by Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO The events of 2017 underlined the centrality of UNESCO’s mandate and the importance of its action in the world today. In March, UNESCO’s work to protect heritage in the midst of conflict, particularly in Iraq, led to the adoption of the first-ever UN Security Council Resolution solely devoted to this issue. This unprecedented, international awareness must now be translated into action. In October, the publication of the Global Education Monitoring Report 2017/8 set the direction to devise better education policies for all, at this time when an educational emergency is more apparent than ever. Also this year, 32 countries united scientific efforts under UNESCO’s coordination, to participate in the largest tsunami exercise ever held up until now. This Annual Report takes stock of these actions and many others, undertaken during the mandate of the former Director-General, Irina Bokova, to whom I wish to pay tribute. The Report also reflects the professionalism and expertise of the Organization’s staff working across the world, and translating the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’s Goals into action. The Report features UNESCO’s commitment to provide a world of justice, peace and sustainable development. Guided by the ideals of peace and progress, UNESCO represents a powerful force for transformation in the face of today’s challenges. It is also well-placed to share our wide-ranging experience and formulate the innovative ideas that the world currently needs, bearing in mind specific conditions on the ground and the need to respect local history and culture. In order to meet the challenges of today’s world, we must mobilize and work together to build a better future. That is the meaning of the words pronounced at UNESCO by Senegalese poet and former president Léopold Sédar Senghor on his 90th birthday: ‘Solidarity and sharing, justice and dignity: words that chime loudly to remind us of our duties.’ Newly elected Director-General of UNESCO Audrey Azoulay next to The Sun (1958), a ceramic mural by Joan Miró and Josep Llorens i Artigas, at the Organization’s Headquarters. © UNESCO/Christelle Alix n transform atio s l uc ive UNESCO’s Ed s mandate Created in London on 16 November 1945, UNESCO is the United Nations Organization for education, the sciences and culture. Access to quality education is a fundamental human right. Education Its Constitution, drafted in the aftermath of World War II, opens provides the means to reach out to with the following words, a road map for the Organization: others, to know one’s own rights and ‘Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men to become a citizen of the world. It is UNESCO’s uppermost priority. that the defences of peace must be constructed’. More than 70 years after UNESCO’s foundation, this vision of le know dge so peace remains deeply relevant. It is moreover an essential ing cie ld ti ui e condition for achieving sustainable development. The world B s needs to invest in education, the sciences and culture to breed tomorrow’s talents, to foster tolerance and the shared value of our common humanity. In an unstable world marked by countless fractures, sustainable peace cannot merely rely on political and economic arrangements between governments. Sustainable peace must be built on the foundation of humanity’s intellectual and moral solidarity. UNESCO fosters dialogue and mutual understanding between peoples through education, the sharing of different cultures, UNESCO works towards building inclusive knowledge societies and the free circulation of ideas and knowledge. by improving access, preservation and sharing of knowledge UNESCO gathers 195 Member States and 11 Associate Members. and information. Its Headquarters are located in Paris. g our h ectin erita eedom of rot tering cre ge to live to g fr exp P fos ativ ing get in re d it arn he er ss an y e r st io L o n F The ‘free flow of ideas by word Recognizing and protecting the value of cultures Peace must be learned: this is and image’ is to UNESCO a driving is at the heart of the fight against ignorance UNESCO’s message. In the 21st force for dialogue and mutual and prejudice, of the efforts to defend human century, peace education is not only understanding. It is also a key dignity and the dialogue between peoples. a matter of international lever for innovation, research and No development can be sustainable without relationships. It must be exerted intellectual solidarity. a strong culture component. by societies themselves. lanet, one oc r a sustainab e p ea fo le f On n ce ut en u ci re S Today, the planet and its ocean’s vital Scientific cooperation is essential for the resources are threatened by rapprochement between peoples and the Building peace in the minds unsustainable exploitation and climate construction of peace. UNESCO’s programmes of women and men change. UNESCO improves our knowledge gather scientists from all over the world to and reinforces our means to preserve outline common strategies and challenge the planet as a whole. pressing issues which transcend borders. 10 million km2 of the Earth’s surface are now protected by UNESCO designated sites such as Biosphere Reserves, Global Geoparks and 740,000 World Heritage sites participants from 32 countries joined CARIBE WAVE 17, making it the largest international tsunami exercise to date 4,000 young women and men have received training through UNESCO’s Networks of Mediterranean Youth (NET-MED Youth) 21 Project 765,906 articles mentioning ‘UNESCO’ were monitored in all media sources new sites were inscribed on (CISION) UNESCO’s World Heritage List, which now comprises 1,073 cultural, natural and mixed World Heritage properties from around the world 7.2 million followers on our main social media accounts The year in a snapshot 440,000 learners benefitted from UNESCO’s Capacity Development for Education Programme (CapED) activities young people in 35 African 1.3 countries were introduced million to coding on Africa Code Week, a joint project by SAP and UNESCO’s YouthMobile Initiative among other partners According to UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring Report 2017/2018: Accountability in Education, civil society organizations in the United Republic of Tanzania have played an important role in countering corrupt practices by using budget tracking and analysis to monitor government disbursements and expenditure. These organizations have helped Education improve education delivery by assessing whether resources are allocated and spent in line with budgets and plans for the benefit of teachers transforms lives and students such as these, from the Zanaki Primary School in Dar es Salaam.