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Presentazione Standard Di Powerpoint Energia elettrica per i mezzi di trasporto leggeri in Italia: situazione attuale e prospettive Alfredo Zaino Marketing and Communication Consulting Il futuro ha radici lontane Thomas Edison con un’auto elettrica nel 1913 1899: primato di velocità Camille Jenatzy costruttore della macchina, a trazione elettrica, battezzata La Jamais Contente che, il 29 aprile 1899, si aggiudica il record di velocità con 105.88 km/h. L’auto elettrica di Nonna Papera 1900: la prima auto ibrida Semper Vivus Lohner-Porsche primo veicolo ibrido nonché a trazione integrale della storia - Parigi 1900 L’auto ibrida entra in produzione Krieger electric landaulet 1903-1906 Woods Dual Power Model 44 Coupe 1911 - 1918 1966: la prima auto fuel cell General Motors Electrovan 1966 1858: non è solo l’energia elettrica ad avere radici lontane 2013: 16,3 milioni di auto a metano nel mondo Etienne Lenoir fu il primo a costruire nel 1858 un motore ad “esplosione di gas illuminante” e a installarlo su un veicolo. Auto elettriche e ibride sul mercato italiano Auto ibride disponibili sul mercato italiano AUDI BMW CITROEN FORD HONDA INFINITI LAND ROVER LEXUS LEXUS MERCEDES MITSUBISHI PEUGEOT PORSCHE TOYOTA TOYOTA VOLKSWAGEN VOLVO Auto ibride non disponibili sul mercato italiano CADILLAC CHEVROLET FORD HONDA VIA MOTORS VTRUX VEHICLES Auto elettriche disponibili sul mercato italiano BMW CITROEN KIA MERCEDES MITSUBISHI NISSAN PEUGEOT RENAULT SMART TAZZARI TESLA VOLKSWAGEN Auto elettriche non disponibili sul mercato italiano CHEVROLET FIAT FORD HONDA TESLA VEICOLI LEGGERI TUTTE LE ALIMENTAZIONI NUMEROSITA’ DI MODELLI PER CLASSI DI PREZZO ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Gamma di veicoli leggeri disponibili sul mercato italiano Prezzi di listino auto nuove tutte le alimentazioni quote percentuali per classi di prezzo Classi di prezzo modelli quota Classi di prezzo 0_10.000 10 2,5% 30,4% 0_10.000 10.001_20.000 110 27,9% 10.001_20.000 20.001_30.000 81 20,6% 37,4% 20.001_30.000 30.001_40.000 66 16,8% 30.001_40.000 40.001_50.000 37 9,4% 40.001_50.000 50.001_60.000 14 3,6% 50.001_60.000 60.001_70.000 12 3,0% 60.001_70.000 70.001_80.000 9 2,3% 70.001_80.000 80.001_90.000 8 2,0% 80.001_90.000 90.001_100.000 8 2,0% 32,2% 90.001_100.000 100.001_150.000 15 3,8% 100.001_150.000 150.001_200.000 6 1,5% 150.001_200.000 200.001_250.000 8 2,0% 200.001_250.000 250.001_300.000 6 1,5% 250.001_300.000 oltre 300.000 4 1,0% 394 100,0% fonte: Quattroruote, listini case automobilistiche (49 marche) VEICOLI LEGGERI IBRIDI NUMEROSITA’ DI MODELLI PER CLASSI DI PREZZO ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Gamma di veicoli leggeri fuel cell disponibili sul mercato italiano Prezzi di listino auto nuove fuel cell ottobre 2015 quote percentuali per classi di prezzo Classi di prezzo modelli quota Classi di prezzo 0_10.000 0 0,0% 2,4% 0_10.000 10.001_20.000 1 2,4% 10.001_20.000 20.001_30.000 5 12,2% 29,3% 20.001_30.000 30.001_40.000 7 17,1% 30.001_40.000 40.001_50.000 9 22,0% 40.001_50.000 50.001_60.000 6 14,6% 50.001_60.000 60.001_70.000 2 4,9% 60.001_70.000 70.001_80.000 1 2,4% 70.001_80.000 80.001_90.000 2 4,9% 80.001_90.000 90.001_100.000 3 7,3% 68,3% 90.001_100.000 100.001_150.000 4 9,8% 100.001_150.000 150.001_200.000 0 0,0% 150.001_200.000 200.001_250.000 0 0,0% 200.001_250.000 250.001_300.000 0 0,0% 250.001_300.000 oltre 300.000 1 2,4% 41 100,0% fonte: Quattroruote, listini case automobilistiche VEICOLI LEGGERI ELETTRICI NUMEROSITA’ DI MODELLI PER CLASSI DI PREZZO ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Gamma di veicoli leggeri elettrici disponibili sul mercato italiano Prezzi di listino auto nuove elettriche ottobre 2015 quote percentuali per classi di prezzo Classi di prezzo Modelli (*) quota Classi di prezzo 0_10.000 0 0,0% 0,0% 0_10.000 10.001_20.000 0 0,0% 10.001_20.000 20.001_30.000 6 40,0% 86,7% 20.001_30.000 30.001_40.000 7 46,7% 30.001_40.000 40.001_50.000 1 6,7% 40.001_50.000 50.001_60.000 0 0,0% 50.001_60.000 60.001_70.000 0 0,0% 60.001_70.000 70.001_80.000 1 6,7% 70.001_80.000 80.001_90.000 0 0,0% 80.001_90.000 90.001_100.000 0 0,0% 13,4% 90.001_100.000 100.001_150.000 0 0,0% 100.001_150.000 150.001_200.000 0 0,0% 150.001_200.000 200.001_250.000 0 0,0% 200.001_250.000 250.001_300.000 0 0,0% 250.001_300.000 oltre 300.000 0 0,0% 15 100,0% fonte: Quattroruote, listini case automobilistiche (12 marchi) (*) Escluso quadriciclo Renault Twizy COMPOSIZIONE PERCENTUALE DELLA GAMMA DI MODELLI PER CLASSI DI PREZZO ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 100% 13,40% 90% 32,20% 80% 70% 68,30% Classi di prezzo 60% oltre 40.000 50% 37,40% 20.001_40.000 86,70% 0_20.000 40% 30% 20% 30,40% 29,30% 10% 0% 2,40% tutte le alimentazioni ibride elettriche CONFRONTO DEI PREZZI DI LISTINO DI MODELLI OMOGENEI IBRIDO/DIESEL/BENZINA ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Prezzi di listino versioni base secondo l'alimentazione € 140.000,00 € 120.000,00 € 100.000,00 € 80.000,00 € 60.000,00 ibrido diesel € 40.000,00 benzina € 20.000,00 € 0,00 SCOSTAMENTO DEI PREZZI DI LISTINO DI MODELLI OMOGENEI IBRIDO/DIESEL/BENZINA ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Scostamento prezzi di listino versioni base rispetto a diesel e benzina 200% 180% 160% 140% 120% Scostamento medio 100% 80% diesel Ibrido/diesel +15% 60% benzina Ibrido/benzina +24% 40% Plug-in ibrido/diesel +43% 20% Plug-in ibrido/benzina +43% 0% RIDUZIONE DELLE EMISSIONI DI CO2 DI MODELLI OMOGENEI IBRIDO/DIESEL/BENZINA ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Riduzione media CO2 Confronto emissioni CO2 g/km secondo il tipo di alimentazione Ibrido/diesel - 6% 300 Ibrido/benzina - 24% Plug-in ibrido/diesel - 65% 250 Plug-in ibrido/benzina - 69% 200 150 CO2 CO2 g/km ibrido 100 diesel benzina 50 0 SCOSTAMENTO DEI PREZZI DI LISTINO DI MODELLI OMOGENEI ELETTRICO/DIESEL/BENZINA ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Prezzi di listino versioni base secondo l'alimentazione 90.000 80.000 70.000 60.000 50.000 elettriche 40.000 diesel benzina 30.000 20.000 10.000 0 BMW i3 Citroen C- Kia Soul Mercedes Mitsubishi i- Nissan e- Nissan Leaf Peugeot iOn Renault Renault Zoe smart Tazzari EV Tesla Volkswagen Volkswagen zero Classe B MiEV NV200 Kangoo ZE * * fortwo * Motors e-Golf e-up! Model S * più noleggio batterie SCOSTAMENTO DEI PREZZI DI LISTINO DI MODELLI OMOGENEI ELETTRICO/DIESEL/BENZINA ITALIA OTTOBRE 2015 Scostamento prezzi di listino versioni elettriche rispetto a diesel e benzina 350% 300% 250% 200% Scostamento medio 150% diesel elettrico/diesel +50% 100% benzina elettrico/benzina +102% 50% 0% * più noleggio batterie AUTONOMIA MASSIMA AUTO ELETTRICHE 600 500 400 300 km 200 100 0 Fonte: Quattroruote, internet, documentazione case automobilistiche Batterie: litio e oltre AESC NISSAN INFINITI BYD DAIMLER GS YUASA MITSUBISHI LG HYUNDAI KIA FORD GM RENAULT VOLVO SMART AUDI SAMSUNG BMW AUDI PANASONIC TESLA WANXIANG FORD GM FISKER MERCEDES AMG Gigafactory Panasonic-Tesla – Sparks Nevada Inizio produzione 2017 piena attività 2020 Energia elettrica per la mobilità veicolare leggera: i nodi da sciogliere HEV e PHEV • Prezzo di acquisto o di noleggio dei veicoli • Durata e compatibilità ambientale delle batterie • Vantaggi competitivi diretti (incentivi, fiscalità) e/o indiretti (limitazioni alla circolazione, parcheggi, ecc.) • Sistemi di produzione dell’energia elettrica (PHEV) FEV • Rete di rifornimento energia elettrica • Tempi di rifornimento • Autonomia • Prezzo di acquisto o di noleggio dei veicoli • Durata e compatibilità ambientale delle batterie • Vantaggi competitivi diretti (incentivi, fiscalità) e/o indiretti (limitazioni alla circolazione, parcheggi, ecc.) • Sistemi di produzione dell’energia elettrica Suddivisione per classi di costo delle immatricolazioni 2014 e del numero di modelli ibridi ed elettrici 60,0% 53,3% 50,0% 41,0% 40,0% 40,0% 39,0% 30,0% 26,8% 25,3% 19,1% 19,5% 20,0% 12,2% 12,3% 10,0% 6,7% 2,4% 2,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,2% 0,0% 0,0% 0_10.000 10.000_20.000 20.000_30.000 30.000_50.000 50.000_90.000 oltre 90.000 autoveicoli immatricolati 2014 gamma modelli ibridi gamma modelli elettrici Immatricolazioni in Italia di autovetture per alimentazione 3.000.000 2.500.000 2.000.000 solo metano elettrica diesel + elettrica diesel 1.500.000 benzina + metano benzina + gpl benzina + etanolo benzina + elettrica Numero vetture immatricolate 1.000.000 benzina 500.000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Quote di mercato in Italia di autovetture per alimentazione 100% 90% 80% 70% solo metano elettrica 60% diesel + elettrica diesel 50% benzina + metano benzina + gpl di autovetture immatricolate 40% benzina + etanolo benzina + elettrica 30% benzina percentuale 20% 10% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 CONSISTENZA DEL PARCO ITALIANO AUTOVETTURE ALIMENTAZIONI DIVERSE DA BENZINA, GASOLIO, METANO, GPL 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Autovetture circolanti 36.751.311 37.113.300 37.078.274 36.962.934 37.080.753 EE 1.661 1.916 2.385 2.554 3.430 % su circolante 0,005% 0,005% 0,006% 0,007% 0,009% Ibrido Gasolio 2.461 Ibrido Benzina 59.949 Totale Ibrido 62.410 % su circolante 0,17% Fonte: A.C.I. - Statistiche automobilistiche N.B. Dal 2014 le autovetture con alimentazione ibrida non sono più incluse tra quelle a benzina o a gasolio.
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