Bizkaia Bridge Pont Bizkaia

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Bizkaia Bridge Pont Bizkaia Bizkaia Bridge Pont Bizkaia www.getxo.net/turismo World - Heritage (UNESCO) One’s attention is quickly drawn to its steel struc- ture and its close resemblance to the Eiffel Tower. This steel colossus is the most striking reminder It corresponds to a joint design between the ar- of the Industrial Era and one of the most readily chitect Alberto de Palacio and the engineer-buil- identifiable landmarks in the Basque Country. De- der Ferdinand Arnodin, a disciple of none other clared a World-Heritage in 2006, it is the world’s than Eiffel himself. oldest Transporter Bridge and a direct witness to Bizkaia’s most recent history. UNESCO defines Building work began on 4 August 1890 and it was it as “a perfect combination of functionality and opened to the public 3 years later, on 28 July 1893 aesthetic beauty, in an exceptional expression of in the midst of a raging storm. Its full construction technical creativity”. involved: 21,041 bolts, 88,248 kg of steel cabling, 10,629 rivets and 728,447 kg of laminated steel. The The Bridge’s History Bridge’s total cost amounted to 808,911.60 pese- tas. The Bizkaia Bridge is the world’s first overhead bridge with a transporter car, and its main purpo- The Bridge Today se is to link the two banks of the Nervión Estuary, occupied respectively by the towns of Portugalete Popularly referred as the Puente Colgante (Sus- and Getxo (neighbourhood of Las Arenas), where pension Bridge), it has been listed as a Historical- the machinery is installed. Artistic Monument (2002) and is considered to be one of the foremost reminders of the Industrial Era. Rising to a height of 63 metres and running to a length of 160 metres, it operates 24/7 throughout the year as a regular service for ferrying passen- gers and vehicles, with a daily average of 16,300 foot-passengers and 1,200 vehicles. Patrimoine Mondial (UNESCO) Le Pont aujourd’hui Considéré comme le plus insigne représentant Plus connu sous le nom de pont suspendu, il de l’ère industrielle, ce colosse de fer est l’un est classé au patrimoine historique et artistique des icônes traditionnellement associés à Euska- (2002). On le considère comme le plus remarqua- di. Déclaré Patrimoine Mondial en 2006, c’est le ble représentant l’ère industrielle. pont transbordeur le plus ancien au monde. Mais également l’un des témoins directs de l’histoire Du haut de ses 63 mètres, cet ouvrage de 160 la plus récente de la Biscaye. Pour l’UNESCO, il mètres de long assure 365 jours par an et 24 s’agit «d’une exceptionnelle expression de créati- heures sur 24 un service régulier de transbor- vité dans laquelle se combinent à la perfection la dement de passagers et de véhicules, avec une fonctionnalité et la beauté esthétique». moyenne de 16.300 piétons et 1.200 véhicules/jour. Histoire du Pont Le Pont Bizkaia est le premier pont suspendu à transbordeur au monde, dont la fonction principa- le est de relier les deux rives de la rivière Nervion entre Portugalete et Getxo (Las Arenas) où se trouve la salle des machines. Le regard est attiré d’emblée par sa construc-tion en fer et sa grande ressemblance avec la tour Ei- ffel, qu’il évoque immanquablement. Il s’agit d’un dessin exécuté en collaboration par l’architecte Alberto de Palacio et par l’ingénieur Ferdinand Arnodin, disciple de Gustave Eiffel. Les travaux débutèrent le 4 août 1890 et son in- auguration eut lieu 3 ans plus tard, le 28 juillet 1893 au milieu d’une forte tempête. Il fallut pour sa construction complexe: 21.041 boulons, 88.248 kg. de câbles en acier, 10.629 rivets et 728.447 kg. de fer laminé. Le coût total du pont fut de 808.911,60 pesetas. 2 / 3 It is a curious fact that the number of people using The following are some of the more significant pri- this bridge to cross the river since 1893 is equal zes and awards it has received: to the entire combined present-day populations of the USA and the EU - approximately 650 mi- - UNESCO World-Heritage (13 July 2006). The llion people. The gondola has travelled a distance first one in the Basque Country and the only equal to 31 trips around the world. one of an industrial nature in Spain (For more information on World Heritage Sites, visit www. The building of a walkway at a height of 50 metres unesco.org) allows visitors to stroll along the span and enjoy - Basque Tourism Prize 2007 awarded by the extraordinary views: the mouth of the Nervión Basque Government’s Dept. of Industry, Trade River, the Port of Bilbao, the towns of Getxo and and Tourism. Portugalete and the surrounding mountains. - Archival Prize 2003. - Europa Nostra Prize 2003. There are currently only 8 bridges of this kind - “Con mucho gusto - Atsegin Handiz 2000” Prize throughout the world, with the Bizkaia Bridge be- awarded by the Basque Government’s Dept. of ing the oldest of them all. The other bridges still Industry, Trade and Tourism. operating are to be found In Europe and in the Americas: 3 in the United Kingdom, 2 in Germany, Milestones 1 in France and 1 in Argentina. The Bizkaia Brid- ge has been the driving-force behind the World 1 January 1888 - Don Alberto de Palacio registers Transporter Bridge Association. a project with the Ministry of Development for the building of the Bizkaia Bridge. At that time, the Ei- ffel Tower was under construction, being opened the following year, 1889. 12 February 1890 - The Director General for Pu- blic Works endorses the Royal Order approving the project for the Bizkaia Bridge with a travelling gondola. A titre de curiosité, précisons que, depuis 1893, Départ. de l’industrie, du commerce et du touris- ce sont près de 650 millions de personnes qui ont me du Gouvernement basque. franchi la ria par ce pont. Soit l’équivalent de toute - Prix Archival 2003. la population actuelle des Etats-Unis et de celle - Prix Europa Nostra 2003. de l’Union européenne réunies. La distance par- - Prix “Con mucho gusto - Atsegin Handiz 2000” courue par la nacelle aura fait 31 tours du monde. de l’industrie, du commerce et du tourisme du Gouvernement basque. La construction d’une passerelle piétonne à 50 mètres de hauteur permet aux visiteurs d’arpenter Dates clés le tablier et de jouir de vues à couper le souffle: l’embouchure du Nervion, le port de Bilbao, les 1er janvier 1888 - M. Alberto de Palacio dépose au communes de Getxo et Portugalete et les monts ministère des travaux publics le projet de cons- environnants. truction du Pont Bizkaia. La Tour Eiffel, en chantier à l’époque, devait être inaugurée l’année suivante A ce jour, il n’existe guère que 8 ponts de ce genre (1889). dans le monde entier; le Pont Bizkaia étant leur doyen. Les autres ponts en fonctionnement se 12 février 1890 - Le directeur général des travaux trouvent en Europe et en Amérique: 3 en Grande- publics signe le décret royal portant approbation Bretagne, 2 en Allemagne 1 en France et 1 en Ar- du projet de «pont suspendu avec véhicule mo- gentine. Le Pont Bizkaia a été la cheville ouvrière bile». de la création de l’Association mondiale des ponts transbordeurs. Parmi les prix et distinctions qui lui ont été décer- nés, nous signalerons: - Patrimoine Mondial, déclaré par l’UNESCO (13 juillet 2006). Le premier en Pays basque, unique exemplaire à caractère industriel de l’Etat espagnol (Pour plus d’information sur les biens inclus dans la liste des constructions classées au patrimoine mondial consulter: www.unesco. org) - Prix Euskadi 2007 dans la catégorie tourisme 4 / 5 4 August 1890 - Start of work on the world’s first September 1902 - Coinciding with the visit of Their Transporter Bridge. Alberto de Palacio is assisted Majesties the King and Queen of Spain to Bizkaia, by Fernando Arnodin on the construction of the the Bridge was adorned with a star in the middle Bizkaia Bridge. of the span, which was the first time it was lit up, and at the same time electric lighting was insta- 28 July 1893 - Official opening. Each year, a sea- lled on the entire structure. son of cultural and festive events is held around the monument to celebrate its anniversary. 17 June 1937 - The battalion of engineers in the Army of the North is ordered to destroy all the 5 August 1893 - HRH the Infanta Doña Isabel de means for crossing the Nervión River, with a view Borbón is ferried across the river in the gondola to halting the advance of Franco’s troops. A huge no fewer than seven times. explosion rips the heart out of the Bizkaia Bridge and its span crashes into the river. 1895 - The upper walkway was open to the public, who could therefore cross over to the other side January 1939 - J. Juan Aracil is commissioned on foot. to draw up the project for rebuilding the Bizkaia Bridge. 1899 - The fare for the trip was 5 centimaes of a peseta in the central uncovered part of the gon- 5 August 1939 - The Vizcaya Office for Public dola, whereas the two sheltered sides were con- Works, through the department of Ports, issues sidered first-class, with a fare of 10 centimes per the Order approving the project for rebuilding the person. Bizkaia Bridge. 19 June 1941 - The Bizkaia Bridge becomes ope- rational once more. 16 July 1946 - Some figures: - Single fare (30 centimes) - Season ticket for 20 trips (3.55 pesetas.) - Cow, mule or horse (1.05 pesetas) - Car (2.30 pesetas) - Small lorry (6.50 pesetas) - Bicycle (25 centimes) - Motorbike with sidecar (1.05 pesetas) 4 août 1890 - Mise en chantier du premier pont 5 août 1939 - La direction des travaux publics de transbordeur au monde.
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