4644 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE April 6 Wiretapping for the Protection of Our be introduced under present laws to estab range airfieet to deliver them, he would not lish their guilt. hesitate one moment to attack us without National Security We are a Nation governeC. by laws. warning and destroy us completely in a sin To accuse is not enough. gle day or night. EXTENSION OF REMARKS There must be proof beyond reasonable Even now, it may be possible for single doubt. OF agents to smuggle deadly bombs into this But when we have proof--obtained by country. wiretapping-that cannot be presented as To cope with this boring from within, we HON. THOMAS J. LANE evidence, then we are courting disaster. OF MASSACHUSE'l"l'S must give our Federal security agencies No one denies the right of our society to those powers, under law to apprehend these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES protect itself against criminals. When that wreckers and present the evidence that will Monday, April 5, 1954 criminal, which is the international con take them out of circulation. spiracy called communism, is working in Communism has conquered other nations Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, under leave clever secrecy to destroy our form of gov by subversion. to extend my remarks, I wish to include ernment and murder those freedoms that To combat this threat we must be able the following statement reflecting my give life to 160 million Americans, then we to expose and prosecute Communists and views for supporting legislation provid must have laws that will enable us to ferret out these silent, secret destroyers and bring traitors by the hard-to-get evidence that is ing for wiretapping for the protection of them to the bar of justice. sometimes obtained only by wiretapping, be our national security: cause the enemy is so expert in camoufiaging The proposed law will be confined to the his secret operations. 1\dAKE WIRETAPPING EVIDENCE ADMISSIBLE FOR protection of our national security. It will DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES AGAINST not invade the privacy of law abiding citi Up to now Communists have been using SPIES, SABOTEURS, AND TRAITORS zens; it will not permit wiretapping evidence our laws and our freedoms to get away with murder. Imagine the frustration of the FBI, the to be introduced in the prosecution of other crimes; and it will not permit the introduc This loophole must be closed by an act of Attorney General, and the intelligence agen Congress. cies of the Department of Defense to know of tion of such evidence to confuse, embarrass, spies and traitors in our country and be un or pressure any person because of any in Untie the hands of the FBI and related able to introduce the evidence on hand that discretion, unpopular opinion, or the in agencies. would surely convict them. herent right of nonconformity and dissent. Make intercepted messages in matters en A most important bill is coming up in the It is directed clearly and solely against dangering our national security admissible as United States House of Representatives this those who plot and plan and work to over evidence so that we can prosecute and con week to untie the restrictions that handicap throw our Government by force and violence. vict known spies and traitors. those Federal agencies that have the respon Do not underestimate the enemy. There will be no civilian defense of any albillty of protecting our national security. Although he may not have many agents kind until this first step is taken to permit It wUl .. authorize the admission into evi or dupes in this country, those who have the roundup of all those who conspire and dence In certain criminal proceedings of in wormed their way into sensitive positions engage in the plot to exterminate the Gov formation intercepted in national security have already done much damage to our se ernment of the United States and chain its Investigations" in order to defend the United curity. people in slavery. States against treason, espionage, sabotage, He has succeeded in hypnotizing a few I freely and confidently predict that the sedition, and seditious conspiracy. gullible Americans into committing the most United States House of Representatives this It wlll shock many people to know that hideous of all crimes-treason. week will vote overwhelmingly to authorize we have clear and conclusive evidence against If, God forbid, this enemy had a large sup wiretapping evidence for the protection of ~ommunists and their agents which cannot ply of hydrogen bombs and a massive long- our national security.
SENATE MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT in which .it requested the concurrence Messages in writing from the Presi of the Senate: TUESDAY, APRIL 6,1954 dent of the United States submitting H. R. 2225. An act to provide for sundry ad nominations were communicated to the ministrative matters affecting the Federal :
this resolution to the President of the United Two joint resolutions of the Legislature of exce~dingly treacherous condition of the en states, the. President of the Senate, and the the State of California; to the. Committee trance channel into the harbor; and Speaker of the House of Representatives, and on Public Works: "Whereas the dangerous condition of the to each Senator and Representative from "Senate Joint Resolution lo- channel is extremely perilous to the lives of California in the Congress of the United "Joint resolution relative to survey of small even the most skilled mariners; and States." "Whereas the cost of alleviating this grave Two joint resolutions of the Legislature of er~~ _h~bo~s threat to navigation is infinitesimal in com the State of California; to the Committee "Whereas there is an urgent demand for parison to the sum spent thus far by the on Interior and Insular Affairs: the development of small boat harbors as United States on the Mission Bay proj harbors of refuge and home ports tor fishing ect; and "Senate Joint Resolution 2 boats and other small craft along the coast ~'Whereas $6,535,000 spent on the project "Joint resolution relative to memorializing and in the navigable waters of the State of by the United States will have been com Congress to provide adequate fire and flood California; and pletely wasted unless prompt action is taken protection in the national forests of "Whereas the improvement and develop to widen and deepen the harbor entrance southern California ment of such harbors will be useful in aug· channel; and ••Whereas the national forest watersheds menting the Nation's food supply by facili· "Whereas, the soil removed from the chan of southern California have suffered enor tating the further exploration of the food nel can be immediately used to halt erosion mous fire losses during 1953 which were in resources of the ocean by small craft, as well at Ocean Beach, located south of the chan as providing harbor facilities for the use of nel; and part due to the extremely dry weather con the Armed Forces in the event of hostili· ditions; and ties; and "Whereas the dredging of the channel will "Whereas these drought conditions are ex· "Whereas in 1945 and 1946 the Congress stimulate private enterprise, create new jobs, tending through the 1953-54 winter months of the United States authorized preliminary provide a cushion for defense employment which are producing a grave danger of 1954 examinations and surveys with the view to cutbacks, and bring added enjoyment and being the most disastrous fire season in the establishment of such harbors, which pleasure not only to the people of San Diego recorded history; and surveys were recommended by preliminary but also to the thousands of guests from "Whereas flood and debris damage result· every State in the Union and from other na 1ng from such destruction of the watershed examinations by the United States Army tions who annually visit the area: Now, Corps of Engineers; and therefore, be it would endanger many human lives and "Whereas in 1950 funds were provided to would cause millions of dollars of property initiate such surveys but with the outbreak "Resolved by the Assembly and Senate of damage, both public and private, to the of hostilities in Korea, President Truman the State of California (jointly), That the communities and countryside below these issued a directive that no further studies be Legislature of California respectfully memo watersheds; and made unless they had a direct bearing on rializes the Congress of the United States to "Whereas the urgent need for immediate national defense, with the result that work appropriate the funds necessary to widen action has been officially recognized by the and deepen the entrance channel to Mission on these important surveys was discontinued. Bay Harbor to permit pleasure craft tramc California State Board of Forestry and the and governing bodies of the counties of Los An once more to move freely into and out of the geles, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, "Whereas there are great stretches of the bay; and be it further California coast which are at present devoid San Diego, Santa Barbara, Ventura, and "Resolved, That the chief clerk of the as San Luis Obispo: Now, therefore be it of harbors of refuge but within which are sembly be hereby directed to prepare and to "Resolved by the Senate and Assembly of situated places which are adapted by nature transmit suitable copies of this resolution to to ready development at nominal cost into the state of California (jointly), That the the President and the Vice President of the Legislature of the State of California re· useful ports; and United States, to the Speaker of the House spectfully memorializes the President and "Whereas there is a joint interim commit· of Representatives, and to each Member of the Congress of the United States to take tee of the California Legislature studying the United States Congress from California." the subject of small craft harbors and plan immediate steps to provide an adequate fire A joint resolution of the Legislature of protection and flood prevention system for ning to lend all possible aid in the improve ment and development of such harbors; and the State of California; ordered to lie on the the national forests in southern California; table: and be it further "Whereas such legislative committee "Resolved, That the secretary of the senate wishes to be guided in its activities by such "Senate Joint Resolution 4 Is hereby requested to transmit copies of surveys and recommendations as are made "Joint resolution relative to granting the this resolution to the President and Vice by the United States Corps of Engineers; and Territory of Hawaii statehood in the President of the United States, to the Speaker "Whereas in addition to the aid to naviga United States of the House of Representatives, and to each tion and the benefit to the general economy "Whereas for many years the people and the Senator and Representative from California of the State, the development of such har Governments of the State of California and 1n the Congress of the United States." bors will aid in :flood control and prevention the Territory of Hawaii have enjoyed the of beach erosion; and most close and friendly business, personal, "Whereas the United States of America is ••senate Joint Resolution 3 and cultural relationships; and not now engaged in active hostilities: There "Whereas the people of the Territory of "Joint resolution relative to securing the fore be it Hawaii, regardless of racial descent, at all land comprising Forts Baker, Barry, and "Resolved by the Senate and Assembly of times have ·demonstrated their complete Cronkhite for State park purposes the State of California (jointly), That the loyalty to the United States and during "Whereas Forts Baker, Barry, and Cronk· Legislature of the State of California re· World War II, particularly, served with great bite were established in Marin County for spectfully petitions the President of the valor and distinction in the Armed Forces the defense of the San Francisco Harbor United states to take such steps as may be of the United States; and area; and necessary to permit these important surveys "Whereas in April of 1950 a convention "Whereas the 2,000 acres of land occupied to be completed in order that a compre drafted a constitution, which was approved by these forts are especially valuable for hensive plan may be evolved for the de· by the voters in the 1950 general election park purposes; and velopment of these natural resources which and also the Territorial legislature; and "Whereas the use of this land would not are now dormant; and be it further "Whereas it is important for the Territory only provide recreation for millions of people ''Resolved, That the secretary of the sen of Hawaii in its present status to enjoy the in this State but would contribute substan· ate is hereby directed to forward copies of sovereignty to which it is entitled and to tially to the development of other lands in this resolution to the President of the United develop its resources most advantageously: the vicinity: Now, therefore, be it States, the President of the Senate, the Now, therefore, be it "Resolved by the Senate and Assembly of Speaker of the House of Representatives, the "Resolved by the Senate and Assembly of the State of California (jointly), That the Secretary of Defense, and to each Senator the State of California (jointly), That the Legislature of the State of California re· and Representative from California in the Congress and the President of the United spectfully memorializes the Congress of the Congress of the United States." States be, and they are hereby, urged and United States to take immediate steps to memorialized to enact at this session of the investigate the feasibility of conveying the "Assembly Joint Resolution 6 Congress such laws as will grant the present lands occupied by these forts to the county Territory of Hawaii the status of statehood of Marin in the State of California for de· "Joint resolution relative to memorializing in the United States and create the State of velopment of park, recreational and other Congress to appropriate the necessary Hawaii as the 49th State of our country; purposes; and be it further funds to widen and deepen the entrance and be it further "Resolved, That the secretary of the senate channel to Mission Bay Harbor "Resolved, That the Secretary of the Sen· ls directed to transmit copies of this resolu· "Whereas Mission Bay Harbor, "located in ate be and he is hereby directed to transmit tion to the President and Vice President of San Diego County, Calif., is, without doubt. copies of this resolution to the President of the United States, to the Secretary of De potentially one of the finest ·and most beau the United States, to the President of the fense, to the Speaker of the House of Rep tiful small-boat harbors 1n the United Senate, to the Speaker of the House of Rep· resentatives and to each Senator and Repre States; and resentatives, and to each Senator and Rep· sentative from California in the Congress of "Whereas the development of this mag resentative from California in the Congress the United States." nificent anchorage is being stymied by the of the United States:• 4648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE April 6
A concurrent resolution of the Legislature cut, relating to a "declaration of conscience'' an iron curtain around our shores and .ex· of the State of Pennsylvania (with an ac· made in the address of Mrs. SMITH of Maine eluding many people who might well con.:. companying paper); to the Committee on in 1950; to the Committee on Rules and tribute greatly to the strengthening of our Finance: Administration. country: Therefore "Resolution urging congressional action R~ol ve d by the Council of the C#y of against injurious foreign imports Philadelphia, That the Congress_ of the United States is hereby memorialized to re "Whereas the increased importation of REVISION OF IMMIGRATION AND vise the 1952 National Immigration Act, and numerous products that come into competi· NATIONALITY ACT-RESOLUTION to provide a modern and democratic immi~ tion with the output of factories, farms, and OF CITY COUNCIL OF PHILADEL· gration system. mines of Pennsylvania, replacing the prod· PHIA, PA. Resolved~ That a certified copy of this reso ucts of Pennsylvania's industries, is a con· lution be transmitted to the President of' the stant menace to the State's continuing eco· Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. President, the United States, to the Presiding Officers of nomic stability; and City Council of Philadelphia, Pa., on the United States Senate and the House of "Whereas the lower wages paid abroad March 18, adopted a resolution calling Representatives, to the two Senators from niake it impossible for many of our smaller Pennsylvania, and to the Members of · the and medium-sized producers to compete with for drastic revision in the so-called Mc Carran-Walter Act, the Immigration and House of Representatives from Philadelphia. imports without resorting to ruinous price JAMES A. FINNEGAN, cutting, which in turn would result either Nationality Act of 1952. The terms of in financial losses or heavy pressure for wage this brief resolution express so well the President of City Council. reductions and outright unemployment; and need for the revision of this act that .. Whereas our national obligations have I ask unanimous consent that it be reached such extreme proportions that the printed in the RECORD, and appropriately PRICE SUPPORTS FOR HONEY national income must be maintained at its present unprecedented high level, or close referred. LETTER FROM WISCONSIN STATE thereto, lest we become insolvent; and This resolution was introduced in the BEEKEEPERS ASSOCIATION "Whereas pressure that comes from imports city council by James A. Finnegan, presi Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I present of residual fuel oil, having risen from an dent of the council, who is to be con average of 50 million barrels in the 1946-48 a letter which I have received today frorri. gratulated on the drafting and sponsor Cornelius C. Meyer, secretary of the Wis period to more than 125 million in 1952, or ship of this fine expression of a purpose the equivalent of 31 mlllion tons of coal; consin State Beekeepers Association, rei. from imports of pottery, watches and parts, which I hope will soon be achieved. ative to the significant problem of price glassware, lace, carpets and other textiles, There being no objection, the resolu supports on honey. hats and millinery, chemicals, scientific ap tion was referred to the Committee on It is not generally realized by the pub· paratus, cutlery, dairy products, wallpaper, the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed luggage and leather goods, and many other in the RECORD, as follows: lie but bees and honey play an extremely crucial role i:l our agricultural economy. articles, will render the upholding of the Resolution memorializing the United States economy at its high levels most uncertain Congress with respect to the modification I ask unanimous consent that Mr. and di11lcult, unless all import trade is placed of the provisions of the National Immi Meyer's letter be printed in the RECORD on a fair competitive basis and the potential gration Act and referred to the Agricultural Com injury therefrom thus contained; and mittee. .. Whereas a maximum of such trade re Whereas on December 24, 1952, the new sults from a prosperous domestic economy Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 There being no objection, the letter freed from the threat of a breakdown re became effective; and was referred to the Committee on Agri sulting from unfair import competition: Whereas the plan to codify and consoli culture and Forestry, and ordered to be, Therefore be it date the immigration and naturalization printed in the RECORD, as follows: "Resolved (if the house of representatives laws presented our lawgivers with an ex concurs), That the General Assembly of the cellent opportunity to remove from our laws WISCONSIN STATE Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby me pertaining to this important field various BEEKEEPERS AsSOCIATION, morialize the Congress of the United States features generally felt to be inconsistent Appleton, Wis., April 2, 1954. that adequate safeguards be provided in with our democratic tradition and to enact Senator ALEXANDER K. Wn.EY, tariff and trade legislation against the de· a truly modern immigration and naturaliza United States Senate, Senate Office struction or lowering of our American stand tion law; and Building, Washington, D. C. ard of living, the labor standard of our Whereas the said 1953 National Immigra· DEAR SENATOR Wn.EY: The Fox Valley dis workmen, and the stability of our economy tion Act does make an important contribu trict of the Wisconsin State Beekeepers Asso· by unfair import competition and that the tion to human relations within the United elation recently met in Appleton. The whole existing trade agreements legislation be States by eliminating all racial barriers in State, which has approximately 10,000 bee amended accordingly; and be it further naturalization proceedings; and keepers, was represented, to some extent, at "Resolved, That copies of this resolution be Whereas the new law has unfortunately this meeting. The gathering went on record transmitted to the President of the United missed the opportunity to remove discrimi as favoring a mandatory price support on States, the Vice President of the United nation among would-be emigrants to the honey, and as secretary, I have been asked States, the Secretary of State, the Secretary United States by asserting, in effect, through to contact our 10 Congressmen and 2 Sen· of Commerce, the Secretary of Labor, the the quotas established therein, that immi ators on this matter. Secretary of Agriculture, the Chairman of the grants from northern Europe are more de sirable to the United States than immigrants After the last war the honey market was United States Tariff Commission, the in a very demoralized condition, with much Speaker of the House of Representatives, and from southern and eastern Europe; and Whereas the 1952 National Immigration cutthroat competition, which was forcing each Senator and Representative from many beekeepers into bankruptcy. This was Pennsylvania in the Congress of the United Act violates the American ideal of complete equality of all citizens before the law by at a time when agricultural authorities were States. urging more bees for pollination purposes. ''G. HAROLD WATKINS, providing special tests and penalties for nat uralized citizens which do not apply to They have found that some 50 farm crops, "Secretary, Senate of Pennsylvania. especially the legumes, are wholly or in part "Approved the 28th day o! July A. D. 1953. native-born citizens; and Whereas both the Republican t.nd Demo· dependent on the honeybee for pollination .. JOHNS. FINE, of the blossoms to assure a seed crop. These "Governor." cratic Parties, in the election campaign of 1952, felt impelled to call for a revision of same authorities claim that bees are at least By the VICE PRESIDENT: the 1952 National Immigration Act, since 20 times more valuable to the farmers for The petition of Helen L. Lichtweis, of the new enactment has been generally de this reason than for the honey and wax they Peoria, Dl., praying for a redress of griev· scribed as a "racist, discriminatory, and produce, which in an average season amounts ances; to the Committee on the Judiciary. retrogressive measure," and there is every to about $2 million in this State. The petition of David Darrin, Washing· evidence of concerted belief that the law Since honey went under price support sev· ton, D. C., praying for a redress of grievances should be rewritten and a law presented to eral years ago, the market has been much (with accompanying papers); to the Com· strike an "intelligent, unbigoted balance be more orderly, and at a price at which most mittee on the Judiciary. tween the immigration welfare of America beekeepers could stay in business despite A resolution adopted by the executive and the prayerful hopes of the unhappy and the present high overhead expenses. board of Local Sugar Union 804, Guayama, the oppressed"; and Therefore, anything you can do in our P. R., condemning the action of certain per· Whereas although it is necessary and favor concerning any new legislation to re sons in trying to assassinate Members of proper that our immigration laws contain place the Agricultural Act of 1949, will be the House of Representatives; to the Com· provisions to prevent the entry into our coun· greatly appreciated. mittee on the Judiciary. try of persons who might engage in espio· Very truly yours, The petition of Gerald W. Smith, and sun nage and othe~ subversive activities, they CORNELIUS C. MEYER, dry other citizens of the State of Connecti• &hould not be used as a device for e~ecting Secretary. 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4649 REDUCTION OF DAffiY SURPLUSES In accordance with the present market re REPORTS OF COMMITI'EES quirements, the committee on agriculture of DAIRY FARM PROBLEMs-RESO the legislative council of the Wisconsin Leg The following reports of committees LUTIONS FROM AGRICULTURE islature requests the Secretary of Agriculture were submitted: COMMITI'EE OF WISCONSIN LEG and the members of the Wisconsin delegation By Mr. DUFF, from the Committee on ISLATIVE COUNCIL to Congress to work toward the appropria Armed Services, without amendment: tion of adequate funds to finance a disease S. 22. A bill to validate certain payments Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I was eradication program as a realistic device to for accrued leave made to members of the pleased to receive today two important reduce surpluses. Armed Forces who accepted discharges for resolutions adopted by the agriculture Senator WILLIAM E. OWEN, Chairman. the purpose of _immediate reenlistment for committee of the Wisconsin Legislative Assemblyman FRED RuST, an indefinite period (Rept. No. 1187); Council, which met at Madison on Vice Chairman. S. 1754. A bill to amend the Dependents April 1. · Assemblyman RUSSELL PAULSON, Assistance Act of 1950, as amended, so as to The committee devoted its attention Secretary. provide punishment for fraudulent accept Senator CHESTER E. DEMPSEY • ance of benefits thereunder (Rept. No. 1188): to several extremely significant phases Senator PHILIP DOWNING. H. R. 5416. A bill to authorize the advance of America's dairy problem. Assemblyman CHARLES H. SYKES. ment of certain lieutenants on the retired It addressed itself, for example, to the Assemblyman EARL D. HALL. list of the Navy (Rept. No. 1189); and vital subject of eradicating diseases of Assemblyman MARTIN 0. MONSON. H. R. 5627. A bill to amend Public Law 472, dairy cattle, elimination of barriers 81st Congress. approved April 11, 1950, en which interfere with milk distribution RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE AGRICULTURE titled "An act to promote the national de across the country, as well as consider.. COMMITTEE OF THE WISCONSIN LEGISLATIVE fense and to contribute to more effective ing other important issues. COUNCIL AT THE STATE CAPITOL IN MADISON aeronautical research by authorizing profes ON APRIL 1, 1954, AND DIRECTED TO THE SEC• sional personnel of the National Advisory I personally have long urged a pro .. Committee for Aeronautics to attend accred gram of intensive research against bru RETARY OF AGRICULTURE, THE CHAIRMEN OF THE SENATE AND HOUSE AGRICULTURE COM• ited graduate schools for research and study" cellosis and other diseases which ravage MITTEES, AND TO THE ENTIRE WISCONSIN (Rept. No. 1192). the livestock industry and which cost DELEGATION IN THE CONGRESS By Mr. HENDRICKSON, from the Commit such tremendous sums to our dairy farm tee on Armed Services: ers. In addition, I have urged the elimi RESOLUTION RELATING TO THE PROBLEMS OF THE H. R. 7512. A bill to provide for the con WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMER veyance of the federally owned lands which nation of phony barriers which prevent Whereas the present class 1, 2, and S sys are situated within Camp Blanding Military Wisconsin milk, for example, from en tem of buying milk from the farmers has Reservation, Fla., to the armory board, State tering into other regions of our country. artificially stimulated the production of milk of Florida, in order to consolidate ownership I know that the resolutions adopted by in certain sections of the country and there and perpetuate the availability of Camp the agriculture committee will be of great by created unnatural competition for the Blanding for military training and use; with interest to my colleagues in the Senate, Wisconsin milk producer; and amendments (Rept. No. 1191). and I ask unanimous consent that they Whereas this same policy has raised the By Mr. MUNDT, from the Committee on be printed in the RECORD at this point price of milk to the consumer in such areas Government Operations. without amend so high that many people have been elim ment: and appropriately referred. inated as consumers; and S. 3197. A blll to authorize the acceptance There being no objection, the resolu .. Whereas the potential maximum con-. of conditional gifts to further the defense tions were referred to the Committee sumption of milk has by no means been effort (Rept. No. 1193); on Agr-iculture and Forestry, and ordered reached nor have the full values of milk to H. R. 232. A bill to provide for the con to be printed in the REcORD, as follows: the health of our people been realized; and veyance to the State of Indiana of certain Whereas the pricing policies of the Fed surplus real property situated in Marion RESOLUTION ADoPTED BY THE AGRICULTURE eral Government have artificially stimulated County, Ind. (Rept. No. 1194); and COMMITTEE OF THE WISCONSIN LEGISLATIVE the production of milk in certain areas of H. R. 3477. A bill to extend to the Canal COUNCIL AT THE STATE CAPITOL IN MADISON the United States to the detriment of the. Zone government and the Panatna Canal ON APRIL 1, 1954; AND DIRECTED TO THE SEC• stable production of Wisconsin; and Company provisions of the act entitled "An RETARY OF AGRICULTURE, THE CHAIRMEN OF Whereas the unnecessarily restrictive con act to facilitate the settlement of the ac THE SENATE AND HOUSE AGRICULTURE CoM trols on the interstate shipment of milk counts of certain deceased civilian officers· MITTEES, AND TO THE ENTIRE WISCONSIN under the guise of health regulations have and employees of the Government," ap DELEGATION IN CONGRESS reacted adversely on the sale of Wisconsin· proved August 3, 1950 (Rept. No. 1195). RESOLUTION RELATING TO THE :REDUCTION OF milk and the reputation of the Wisconsin DAIRY SURPLUSES farmer: Now, therefore, be it · Whereas the Nation now has approximately Resolved. by the Committee on Agriculture GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES FRINGE a 9 billlon pound milk equivalent surplus; of the Legislative Council of the Wisconsin BENEFITs-REPORT OF A COM and Legi$Zature, That the Honorable Ezra Taft_ MITTEE Whereas the estimates indicate that there Benson, Secretary of Agriculture, be, and he will be about 3 percent more cows in the hereby is, requested to direct his energies Mr. CARLSON. Mr. President, from next year and a resulting milk equivalent toward the abolition of the Federal price the Committee on Post omce and Civil surplus equal to 9 bil11on pounds; and controls in the milk markets of the United Service, I report favorably, with amend Whereas the honorable Secretary of Agri States which are artificially stimulating milk ments, the bill (S. 2665) to amend the culture has suggested that one device for production in certain areas. to the detriment the reduction of the surplus cows and milk of the long-established dairy industry of Classification Act of 1949, as amended, production be the elimination of low-pro Wisconsin; and be it further and the Federal Employees Pay Act of ducing animals; and · Resolved., That the Secretary be urged to 1945, as amended, and for other pur Whereas there are in the dairy industry make every . effort to remove the unneces poses, and I submit a report
.. Part name Company Address Products
Escapement arbor------~utomatic Specialty Co______Baltimore, Md ______Autoi?atic screw machine products. ~rl~t retal Products------New York, N. y ______Alummum ware. Centrifugal gear (blanked) F ~- ee eyM·------Ann Arbor, Mich ____. ______Oil gages, ammeters, speedometers, etc. ------arnngton anufacturing Co._·------_ Boston, Mass.------Co~ered metal jewel and display boxes, plastic :~l~~e~f:: me~al specialties, charga-plate Theaomthaston Special Tool Co______Thomaston Conn Spec1·al tools. H Co Benton Ha;bor, Mich~~==::: Escape gear (wheel>------IGnEas.t:mg-Sane e_I eK-y.od:::a=k==c==o=_=__ ::_:_:_:_: __ :- __ -__ :_:__ :- __ :_-__ :_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_-__ :_ A A b M R8 6a6dia"o00tesvet. equipment kits-. R~bes~~~N. ~~::::::::::: P~~~~~s. paper, apparatus, supplJes, and 0 ears Nos. 1• 2• 3• and 4------M. H. Gear No. 5------ObexClock.) Manufacturing Co., Inc.------Lynbrook, Long Island, Cameras,~:;~~~~l{~~~;r~~~=~~fe~~c projectors, instrument and precision interval Adj. guide.------~~Fe rnW~tc~ a c hcg -ase--- -0------o ___ .:------Waterbury,cf:~~atl, OhioConn______· Watchcases.~~t~s . 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4659 "Part name Company Address Products Escal(~~n~/~~r~n. i~aCio~s=-=-"Tiiis- is- ·3- J Torr!Dgton Co. P~oducts: Needles, needle bearings, bicycle spokes, nipples, pedals, handle bars, swaging machinery small metal specialties precision machined and ground; pms; blades; p1vots; studs. ' • Information obtained from officials of the help, and it is interesting to note that the financed. This system has been devel International Business Machines plant in people they called on were Eastman Kodak, oped principally since 1945. During the Toronto, Canada, regarding their mechanical George W. Borg, King-Seeley, as well as years 1950 and 1951 alone, the Texas time fuse manufacturing: Frankford Arsenal, who, as is generally Highway Department placed between "The company's normal business is, of known, have the manufacturing facilities course, calculating machines. It presently and the engineering know-how for this 3,000 and 4,000 miles of farm-to-market has contracts for the manufacture of the family of fuses. roads under construction each year. M-501 fuse and the M-502 fuse for the Ca "It is also interesting to note that, where During the period from 1940 to 1953, nadian Government. All drawings and speci as Canada may have called on us during the travel on Texas highways more than fications are being supplied by the Frank last war for mechanical time fuses, there is doubled. Texas motor-vehicle registra ford Arsenal at Philadelphia, Pa. For all now a Canadian plant set up and self-suf tions rose from 1,920,000 in 1941 to practical purposes, this contract is being ficient for the manufacture of mechanical given technical .and engineering supervision time fuses.'' 3,550t000 last year. In other words, we by Frankford Arsenal, although paid for by now have almost 1 motor vehicle for the Canadian G.overnment. CONSTRUCTION OF HIGHWAYS every 2 Texas citizens. All the high "ffiM of Canada received Its contract for ways, roads, and streets in Texas serve this fuze 1n the summer of 1952. Approxi The Senate resumed the consideration 86 million vehicle-miles of travel daily. mately 9 months after they received their pf the bill 4666 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE April 6 Mr. MALONE. But it is a part of the roads of two lanes which probably would fornia and the 2 Senators from Nevada Federal road system, and it is so desig. become impassable or congested for introduced a special bill to provide funds nated in the authorization, is it not? many hours after a bomb threat or ac· with which to construct a 4-lane high - Mr. CASE. It is a part of the inter· tual explosion had happened in San way across the Sierra Nevada Mountains. state system. Francisco. Therefore, it is just as im· That is only one project. There are, Mr. MALONE. Yes. And the inter· portant to expend more money on the no doubt, hundreds of similar projects state system is a part .of .the Federal Federal-aid system, the primary inter· in the United States. highway system for which this Federal state system, as on any other part of the The formula for the fnterstate high !)articipation was inaugurated in the first program. I think I have some idea of ways is working very well and in about place. the new age. We are now considering the right proportion. There are 160,000 Mr. CASE. But that is quite different that very problem in the committee of people in Nevada, and about 10 million from the Federal secondary system or which I am a member-chairman of the in California. But it is estimated that the other portions of the Federal primary subcommittee. The Secretary of State if a bomb hit San Francisco, or if San system. just left the committee, and he is one Francisco or Los Angeles were threat Mr. MALONE. I did not refer either of the most prominent men in the world ened, the population of Nevada, provided to the secondary system or to the pri when it comes to a discussion of the the roads would carry the people, would mary system. What I said was that we new age. be increased not merely by a few thou are setting a precedent whereby a greater It has long been the opinion of the sand, but maybe by several times, in a proportion of the money would be al· junior Senator from Nevada that the very short period. So the roads which lotted to the thickly populated States taxpayers of this Nation have been taken are needed to evacuate the people from than they would receive under the sys for a ride on the various schemes of large population centers are not simply tem under which we have been operating. worldwide expenditure of money. roads leading from the cities, but to their Mr. CASE. I point out to the distin Mr. CASE. May I invite the atten· destination. I point out to the Senator guished Senator from Nevada that in an tion of the Senator from Nevada to the from South Dakota that when a million effort to protect the secondary system, table appearing on page 66 of the people leave an area, they are going the committee did the very best it could hearings? somewhere. They are simply not mov· with respect to the allocation of the total Mr. MALONE. The Senator from Ne· ing into the suburbs. funds. Under the bill as passed by the vada is already familiar with it. In the West, where the Senator from House, the authorization for Federal pri Mr. CASE. That is where his prob· South Dakota also lives-and he should mary, secondary, and urban roads was lem is answered, because it shows the know something about these conditions increased from $550 million to only $600 cost of the work necessary to complete it is necessary to complete a road to the million; a total of $200 million was ap· the interstate system. destination, to where the people are plied to the interstate system to be dis In the State of Nevada, the percentage going, to where there are water facilities tributed under the new formula. Were ·of cost to complete the interstate sys and sewage facilities. Most of Nevada jected that in the Senate committee and tem is 0.17 percent. That is, 2 roads and eastern California is a dry area. decided to increase the amount of money across Nevada, 1 down at the tip, and People cannot stop just anyWhere. It not merely to $600 million, but to $760 the other across the wider part of is necessary for them to move on to million. Where ·the House bill would Nevada. -places where they can live normally and have provided only $180 million for the Mr. MALONE. 'The secondary system where food is available. Federal secondary system, we have pro is not shown. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Would vided $200 million and have :provided for Mr. CASE. No. We are discussing the Senator from Nevada please speak its allocation according to the old for only the interstate system, so far as the a little louder, so that other Senators mula. Where the House would have au· changed formula is concerned. Seventy. may hear his part of the discussion? thorized only $270 million for Federal five million dollars will be apportioned on Mr. MALONE. The junior Senator primary roads, we authorize $342 mil· the basis of section 21. The State of Ne from Nevada has about completed what lion, and that also is to be allotted on the vada will receive 1.31 percent of the he intended to say. basis of the present formula. amount provided in the $75 million. I still do not understand why it is Mr. MALONE. I understand that we It will receive 0. 75 percent under the necessary to change the formula when are establishing a new formula which can other $75 million. there is little change in the overall or be expanded by a future Congress on the The State of Nevada will get, in terms basis of precedent. The one we now of percentage of interstate money, about complete need. have we have operated under for ap· 8 or 9 times the percentage of the cost Mr. CASE. The committee wanted to proximately 40 years and it has been of the interstate system that will be re· help the people who desired to go into found extremely satisfactory. quired to complete the interstate system the State of Nevada, so we changed the Mr. CASE. Yes; and we are living in in Nevada. formula in another direction. We pro a new age, I may say to the Senator Mr. MALONE. Mr. President, will the vided matching. It is only necessary to from Nevada. I came from a hearing Senator further yield? put up, in a State which now matches this morning before the Committee on Mr. CASE. I yield. on a 50-50 basis, about 40 cents out of a Armed Services, where Admiral Strauss Mr. MALONE. The purpose of the dollar, and the Federal Government will and Admiral Radford spoke to us in Federal highway system is to assist all put up 60 cents. The State of Nevada terms of the age in which we are living, of the States in an interstate system of would receive a better deal. Whereas an age when a hydrogen bomb can blast highways. We are not talking about other States would put up 50 cents on a cities such as Washington completely to Nevada alone, or South Dakota or Rhode dollar, Nevada would put up only a pieces. Island alone. As the Senator from little more than 15 cents, because the So we are trying to present to the South Dakota has said, new emergencies Federal Government, because of the pub· Senate and to the American people a may arise in the future. Therefore, I lie lands in Nevada, would put up 84.14 highway bill which takes cognizance of merely called attention to the highway cents out of each dollar. That applies the age in which we are living, and across the Sierra Nevada Mountains, to also to the 60-40 provision. We have which will provide for the construction show that a State such as Nevada, and provided that on the interstate system of highways that will facilitate the move perhaps even California, could not fur· the Federal Government will put up 60 ment of large volumes of traffic into and nish the amount of money which would cents, and the State of Nevada will put out of cities, a highway system which be necessary to build a four-lane high· up 40 cents out of the dollar. will make it possible to transport more way, tunnel, or any other adequate Mr. MALONE. Instead of 50 cents? military goods across the country on the transportation necessary to get the Mr. CASE. Instead of 50 cents. interstate system. people of coast areas to an inland State Mr. MALONE. That will not help a Mr. MALONE. I am very glad to hear or an inland area whenever the emer.. thinly populated State such as Nevada. the Senator from South Dakota is pro· gency happened in Sacramento or San Mr. CASE. Yes, it will help Nevada, posing to do that; but if he would study Francisco or any other large population because, in the application of the 60-40 the situation a little further, he might center. ratio, it will take into consideration the find that over ranges of mountains like During the first session of the 83d public lands. So on the interstate sys· the Sierra Nevad~s there are single Congress, the 2 Senators from Cali· tem, the State of Nevada will put up 1951, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4667 about 13 cents, and Uncle Sani will put lng and approving a · certified statement by interest,· is section 13, which appears on up 87 cents. the State highway department setting forth that the plans, design, and construction for page 12 of the bill and reads as follows: Mr. MALONE. That is another pain such projects are in accord with the stand -!'-t any time that the President may deter to the Western States, because of the ards and procedures of the respective States ~me that the level of national employment control which has been asserted over applicable to projects in this category ap 1s such as to warrant an increase in the public lands by the Department of the proved by him in accordance with the ob volume of highway construction, be is Interior for more than 20 years. Eighty .. jectives set forth in section 1 (b) of the hereby authorized to advance the effective seven percent of the land in Nevada is Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1950, and con date of any authorizations in this act, except under the supervision of the Department taining satisfactory assurances that such the authorization in sections 7 and 8, to a of the Interior, and we in Nevada do not projects will be maint ained in accordance date not more than 1 year earlier than the with existing law. dates which would ot herwise become effec like that. For 22 years the policy has tive. been that the public owns these lands and The general movement, which has is entitled to the income from them. So been endorsed by highway officials in a Sections 7 and 8 refer to the Inter the Government rents the lands to the majority of the States, that the States American Highway and the so-called stockmen and charges all the traffic will should have a greater voice in secondary Rama Road. bear. Then the Federal Government projects, was written into the bill in the . With respect to authorizations in the distributes the money to the entire pub House. But in the Senate committee bill for the Federal aid systems to the lic throughout the 48 States. we have added language to make it clear States, or for the building of roads on But that is another question which that the objectives of the project shall Federal lands, the President, by this may be debated at length on the Senate be substantially those set forth in the paragraph in the bill, would be author fioor at some future time. However, so Federal Aid Highway Act of 1950; and ized to advance the authorization date long as the Government insists on hold further there is set forth a specific re by a year. In other words, the author ing those lands, and no method has been quirement that those certifications shall ization for 1956 could be made available worked out and approved by Congress include a statement that the projects following July 1, 1954, which would be to put those lands in the hands of the will be maintained by the States. gin the fiscal year 1955. private owners and taxpayers in family The States are given much greater Mr. MARTIN. Mr. President will the sized units, then why object to the pro latitude than they had previously in the Senator yield? ' vision that a State, with every acre of handling of secondary highway funds. Mr. CASE. I yield to the Senator it in taxable property, except Govern I think it is the feeling of the Bureau of from Pennsylvania. ment monuments or parks, must put up Public Roads that the bill will relieve . Mr. MARTIN. Does that not bring 50 percent? Even when every acre is t~em of some of their responsibility, and mto effect the principle which a great taxed, they get 50 percent free in match· Will result in a considerable saving of number of people have advocated over ing funds, and they only match the addi· administrative funds, and will permit the yea:rs, that the time to have public tional 50 percent. the States to vary the designs of roads works IS when there is unemployment In Nevada and, of course, in other pub· according to the traffic needs. In some and a lesser amount of what we call lic land States, where there is a much States secondary roads seem to have the private business than in the ordinary lesser amount of land privately owned, same traffic needs as primary roads years, because the public then would get the same condition prevails. What the but in other States the traffic on sec~ more to show for its dollars than in the ondary roads varies a great deal. years when there exists large employ ~ill does then, when we finally add it up, ment and large business enterprises? IS to encroach on the initial formula There is another provision in the bill and set a precedent for penalizing the on "Studies." It proposes that the Bu Mr. CASE. The Senator from Penn States where the Government owns the reau of Public Roads, or the Secretary of sylvania is correct. It might be noted major part of the land. Commerce through the Commissioner of that the Council of Economic Advisers Public Roads, shall study the problem of has stated that in a public-works pro The original formula compensated at gram, roads should come first. Roads least in part, for that condition. ' highway financing, including that of toll roads. would extend their doorways to every Mr. CASE. This might be a good portion of the country and would be a place to point out, also, that the bill The bill also requires that the Bureau shall engage in a program of research constructive project because we would reported by the Senate committee in· have something to show for the money creases the funds for forest highways, designed to determine which materials _will improve the quality of roads and spent. roads, and trails, for park roads and Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President- parkways, for Indian roads, and public the number of roads the Government will get for its money. The research ~r. CASE. I yield to the Senator land roads. The House bill would con from New Mexico. tinue such authorizations as they are at provision is a broad one. It is one adapted from a suggestion by the Sena.. . Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, I should present. The Senate bill increases each like to ask the Senator from South of those by from 10 to 15 percent ac- tor from Michigan [Mr. FERGUSON] in the bill which he introduced. We are Dakota a question. Is it not a fact that cording to the various funds. ' th~ interstate system is just a part of the Mr. MALONE. I think that is a very hopeful that it will yield real benefit for the consideration of the committee prrmary road system? laudable thing to do, but it has nothing Mr. CASE. Yes, I suppose it could be to do with the initial formula or the way in the next highway act. Mr. MARTIN. Mr. President, will the said that all of the interstate system is in which it has been changed. part of the primary system, but the pri Mr. CASE. There are some other spe Senator from South Dakota yield? Mr. CASE. I yield to the Senator mary system is larger than the interstate cial features of the bill to which I de· from Pennsylvania. system. sire to call attention very briefly; then Mr. CHAVEZ. When funds are being I shall yield the fioor. One feature is Mr. MARTIN. Will not the research also include a study of soil conditions, discussed for interstate roads, why with respect to secondary roads. It was should particular attention be paid to the feeling of many persons who came and materials which could be used to best advantage in the various States; not 3 or 4 States, instead of to the country before the committee that the States as a whole? should be afforded greater latitude in only materials which are used in build ing roads, but consideration of the soil Mr. CASE. We are not paying atten the application of their secondary high tion to only 3 or 4 States; we are paying way money. So the committee adopted conditions, drainage, and factors of that kind, which have to do with the con attention to the problem of getting the language proposed by the House, with interstate system completed. some modifications. It appears on page struction of permanent highways? Mr. CASE. It is true that the pro Mr. CHAVEZ. There is no difference 3 of the bill, as follows: vision with regard to research is very between building a two-lane road in Provided further, That in the case of those sums apportioned to any State for projects broad, and that it includes what the New Mexico and one in Connecticut, so on the Federal-aid secondary highway sys Senator from Pennsylvania has so well far as costs are concerned. There is no tem, the Secretary of Commerce may dis pointed out. difference between building a four-lane charge his responsibility relative to the Another provision which appears in road in Colorado and one in Pennsyl plans, design, inspection, and construction the Senate bill and not in the House vania. Is it not correct to say that by of such secondary road projects by his receiv.. bill, which has attracted considerable the proposed legislation · we would be 4668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE April 6 asking 29 States of the Union to sacri tions amounted to 4.81 percent of the reimbursing from Federal funds the fice themselves, so far as their revenues cost of projects-which seems very high. costs incurred by publicly owned and are concerned, in order to please 11 or I suggested to the committee, as a privately owned utilities in relocating 12 States? compromise, that we recognize one-half their facilities in order to accommodate Mr. CASE. The Senator from South of the cost of such relocations, and per Federal-aid highways. However, on Dakota cannot quite accept the state mit up to 3 percent of the funds appor page 13 of the committee's report, in ment of the Senator from New Mexico, tioned to any particular project to be paragraph 2, the following statement is because I am sure an examination of the used to liquidate that cost. But we en made; and it is with reference to that source of the revenues would hardly jus countered the argument that it seemed statement that I am anxious to have the tify the statement that we are asking hardly justifiable for the United States attention of the members of the com 29 States to dig up for the other States. Government to pay utility relocation mittee: As a matter of fact, I think the formula costs in States where the State legisla It is clear that such inequities as m ay proposed will more nearly return reve tures had refused to recognize those exist are due to relationships between the nues to the States of origin than would costs as part of the fair costs of the proj utilities and the State or local governments be the case under the old formula. ects. rather than relationships with the Federal Mr. CHAVEZ. Is it not correct to say Under present law, if a State recog Government. It would seem neither feasible nizes the cost of relocating a gas main, nor desirable for the Federal Government to that the original bill introduced by the give direction to those local relationships by chairman of the Subcommittee on Roads or a telephone line, or any other public force of application of Federal funds. of the Committee on Public Works con utility as a fair part of the cost of such tains a new formula? a project, then it is submitted to the I understand that language reflects Mr. CASE. That is correct. The Bureau of Public Roads; and the Federal the views expressed by the Commissioner Senator from South Dakota voted with Government pays its proportionate share of Public Roads, in opposition to the the Senator in the committee because he of the total cost of the project. The proposal of the utility owners and oper was looking at the situation from the committee felt that in view of that fact, ators. If the language I have just read standpoint of South Dakota, I suppose. we should not go further at this time. or any other portion of the report Having increased the funds for secon So the bill contains a provision re amounts to a prejudgment of the issues dary and primary roads to the extent quiring that a study be made of that presented, then the making of the study, we did, the Senator from South Dakota particular subject by the Bureau of Pub at considerable expense in time and thought we had done a fair job for the lic Roads, and that the results of the funds to the governmental agencies and States as a whole, and recognized the study be submitted to the committee at utilities, would appear to be useless. proposal of the interstate system as a the earliest possible date, for consid Mr. MARTIN. Mr. President-- suggestion of a system of national high eration in connection with the next high Mr. CASE. I yieid to the Senator ways, and so he was constrained to sup way bill. from Pennsylvania. port the bill reported by the subcom Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado rose. Mr. MARTIN. Let me suggest to the mittee. Mr. CASE. I yield to the Senator Senator from South Dakota that if the There are a couple of other special from Colorado. next paragraph of the report is read, I provisions in the bill upon which I should Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I thank think it may answer the question of the like to comment. One is the cost of the Senator from South Dakota. distinguished Senator from Colorado. First, Mr. President, I wish to thank relocation of utilities. We probably had Mr. CASE. And in that connection I more testimony on the cost of utility the Senator from South Dakota for the nice things he has said about me person hope the Senator from Colorado will relocation than on any other new sub read the last sentence, particularly, of ject. The committee received many ally and about my retirement. I wish to say to him that my decision not to the following paragraph. letters and statements, and many wit Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I have nesses appeared before the committee on seek reelection was one of the hardest decisions I have ever made, and the hard read it, and I am not entirely satisfied the subject. We also had many tele with it. I do not know that I completely phone calls, because telephone com est one which I believe I shall ever be called upon to make. Of course, one understand it in the way the members panies were also interested. The cost of of the committee do. utility relocation is particularly burden never knows whether he will be reelected, but I decided not to seek reelection. Mr. CASE. Mr. President, in connec some when it falls upon municipalities tion with that matter, I should like to or small utility companies such as tele Mr. CASE. Most of us had a sus picion that if the Senator from Colorado read into the RECORD the sentence to phone, gas, electric, and water com which attention has just been directed. panies. But the problem we had was wished to be reelected, he would be. that we were being asked to have Uncle Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I appre Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Yes. Sam take over the cost of the utility ciate what the Senator from South Da Mr. CASE. It is as follows: relocations in States where the State kota says. The committee feels, however, that lt legislatures themselves refused to recog Mr. CASE. That is considerable can would be helpful to have a thorough study nize such costs as fair costs of such dor for a Republican. and analysis of all factors relating to this Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. The problem, including estimates of costs and projects. anlyses of existing State laws and regula In that connection, the distinguished Senator from South Dakota has been very kind to me. I recall, too, with a tions. It has therefore approved language senior Senator from Colorado [Mr. calling for such a study, with a report to be ·JoHNSON] made a suggestion. great deal of satisfaction and pleasure, m ade to the President for transmittal to that in the closing days of the 80th Con Congress not later than February 1, 1955. At this point, let me say, parentheti gress, a great favor was done to me and cally, that I regretted I was called to to the State of Colorado, when the Sen That is an early date. the railroad station yesterday afternoon, ator from South Dakota made it possible The report at this point concludes and could not be in the Chamber to join for the first woman superintendent of with the following: in the tributes which we paid to his the Denver Mint to occupy that office. integrity, his very fine service, and his It is expected that this study will be con She rendered very capable and splendid ducted on the basis of impartial facts and high character, and to have expressed service; and the women of Colorado objectivity. my personal regret at his decision to especially appreciate what the Senator retire. from South Dakota did in regard to that Mr. President, I do not recall any per Mr. President, the distinguished senior matter. sonal expression of opinion by the Com Senator from Colorado suggested to the Mr. President, the Senator from South missioner of Public Roads in regard to bill an amendment to which the com Dakota has discussed the amendment I this matter. I think I could probably mittee gave consideration. That amend submitted and the study which is to be find it. ment proposed that the Federal Govern made. I should like to have his atten In any event, whatever his personal ment pay the utility relocation costs out tion and also the attention-as I know opinion may be, let me say clearly and of the Federal aid funds, up to 5 percent. I shall-of the Senator from Pennsyl definitely for the record what the com A study was made by the League of Mu vania EMr. MARTIN], who is in charge of mittee report says: nicipalities-! believe that was the name the bill. It is expected that this study will be con of the organization-which determined Section 10 of Senate bill 3184 directs ducted on the basis of impartial facts and that the average cost of utility reloca- that a study be made of the problem of objectivity. 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4669 It is not to be a study with any intent make relief available, I believe the com rather than by the Commissioner of to come to an anticipated conclusion; mittee would not hesitate to provide it. Public Roads? but the study is designed to develop the Mr. CASE. The Senator from South Mr. CASE. So far as the Senator from facts, in order to find out, under the Dakota appreciates the additional state South Dakota is personally concerned, various State laws, what the costs would ment of the Senator from Florida. he has no objection. However, before be if the Federal Government were to Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. One agreeing to an amendment of that sort take some direct action in this regard, to other matter which disturbed the Sena I should like to confer with the chair ascertain what the relationships are, to tor from Colorado is the fact that in his man of the Public Works Committee and explore the subject, and to make a re testimony in response to the questions the ranking members on the minority port not later than February 1, 1955. which were propounded to the Commis side. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I am sioner of Public Roads, he seemed to in Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I thank pleased to have the Senator from South dicate a particular, definite conclusion the Senator. I hope he will confer with Dakota say that, because if a fair and with respect to the entire subject. I the chairman and the other members of impartial study of the problem is to be should like to ask Senators if they would the committee. made, I think it would be most unfor object to an amendment to section 10 of Mr. CASE. In any event, whatever tunate for the position of either side to Senate bill 3184 which would direct the the language may be, let it be clearly the controversy to be prejudiced or en Secretary of Commerce, rather than the understood that what we want is an im couraged. I think we must approach the Commissioner of Public Roads, to con partial objective study. matter with a completely open mind. duct the study proposed in section 9 of Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. That is a That is what I was worried about when the companion House bill. Are Sena very refreshing statement. I thank the I read into the RECORD the paragraph to tors wedded to the idea that the Com Senator. which I referred a moment ago. missioner of Public Roads should make Mr. MARTIN. Mr. President, will the Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. President, will the proposed study? I am afraid the Senator from South Dakota yield to me? the Senator from South Dakota yield Commissioner is prejudiced. I gain that Mr. CASE. I yield. at this point, so that I may make, for impression from what he said before the Mr. MARTIN. Before the Senator the RECORD, a statement along the same committee, as contained in the record of from Colorado leaves the Chamber, let line? hearings. me say to him that I concur in what the Mr. CASE. I am glad to yield to the Mr. CASE. Frankly, I do not know distinguished Senator from South Da Senator from Florida. whether the words "Commissioner of kota has said relative to the proposed Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Of Public Roads" were used selectively or study. It is the intention of the commit course. not, but I ask the Senator from Colorado tee that a thorough, impartial study be Mr. HOLLAND. Speaking as one of if he thinks he would be in any better made of this subject. The committee the minority members of the subcom position if the study were made by the was very much confused by some of the mittee which studied this matter, I wish Secretary of Commerce than if it were testimony which it received. It makes to assure the distinguished Senator from made by the Commissioner of Public no difference to me whether the study is Colorado that it was our understanding Roads. to be made by the Secretary of Com that the study would be objective and Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I think merce or the Commissioner of Public impartial, and would be made for the it would be better if it were made by the Roads. purpose of informing the committee of Secretary of Commerce rather than by TRIBUTES TO SENATOR JOHNSON OF COLORADO what could be done. So far as the senior the Commissioner of Public Roads, be Senator from Florida is concerned, he cause, in my opinion, the Commissioner While I am on my feet, let me say was rather surprised when he saw the of Public Roads is in many instances a that I did not have the privilege of being earlier wording which has been read, party to the controversies which are in present yesterday afternoon when sev and which appears in this particular volved. Probably it is to be expectd that eral of my colleagues spoke relative to part of the report, but he assumes that he should be prejudiced. He lives within the services of our distinguished col that is simply the expression of what a small empire. The building of roads is league, the senior Senator from Colorado. the committee would have had to do at a small empire, and he is a party to it. I wish to say publicly that I am extremely this stage without further information I should like to see the study made by sorry the distinguished Senator from about the situation which developed, someone who is not so intimately in Colorado has seen fit to remove himself which was this: The State laws were so volved in the subject to be studied as is from this body. I agree with the Senator different, and the study we had made the Commissioner of Public Roads. from South Dakota. I believe that if the was so imperfect that there was no clear Mr. CASE. Speaking only for myself Senator from Colorado were to be a can road open at that stage, and we were as one member of the committee, per didate he would be reelected. I have asking for a complete study to be made, sonally I should have no objection to the served with him on the Finance Com and a report to be made available, in change. However, I should wish to con mittee since coming to the Senate. I the hope that there would be a clear sult with other members of the commit appreciate our association very much. road open by which we could bring some tee. There may be some reason for hav The Senator from Colorado has helped relief in the situation which is disturb ing the study made by the Commissioner me on numerous occasions. My prayer ing the Senator from Colorado. of Public Roads. Generally speaking, it is that he and his fine wife may enjoy Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. And may be said that there has been con many more years of health and happi without any preconceived conclusion or siderable freedom in using the Secretary ness. prejudice of any kind. of Commerce and the Commissioner of Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. Pres Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. President, will Public Roads interchangeably. That ident, will the Senator from South Da the Senator further yield?. practice runs through Federal highway kota yield to me? Mr. CASE. I yield. legislation over a period of years. The Mr. CASE. I yield. Mr. HOLLAND. The Senator from Secretary of Commerce is referred to in Mr. JOHNSON of ·colorado. I thank Colorado is correct. We would have had this bill because the Bureau of Public the Senator from Pennsylvania for his to act adversely, I think, if we had acted Roads is in the Department of Com very generous and warm-hearted state on the basis of such imperfect informa merce. At one time the Bureau was an ment. It has been a great pleasure for tion as we had at the time. I prefer independent agency. At another it was me to serve with him. I have found to consider the earlier recitals in this in the Department of Agriculture. At him to be one of the great patriots of particular section of the report as sim one time it was a part of the Federal our time. ply reflecting that fact. I think the Works Agency. Mr. CARLSON. Mr. President, will later recitals, in which we ask for in Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. the Senator from South Dakota yield to formation, and in which we ask the Sen President, will the Senator yield? me? ate to add to the bill a provision for a Mr. CASE. I yield. Mr. CASE. I yield. I wish to yield study and report, are the real meat of Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Do I to the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. the finding of the committee. We correctly understand that there would be ST~Nis], but I understand that the needed light, and felt that this was the no objection to an amendment to section Senator from Kansas wishes further to way to get it. If such light should show 10 so as to provide for the study to be develop the theme of the Senator from us the way by which we could properly made by the Secretary of Commerce Pennsylvania. - 4670 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE April 6 Mr. CARLSON. Mr. President, the Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I enjoyed good faith. We have followed his politi fine work of the Senator from Colo living in Wyoming. Colorado and Wyo-. cal career for many years. rado has been praised by the distin ming are very close together. The people I am glad in a way that he is retiring. guished Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. of the two States mingle very closely. I· He and his wonderful wife are entitled MARTIN]. I concur in his statement. have enjoyed serving with the junior to the good things of life, and I know he The Senator from Colorado was born Senator from Wyoming in the Senate. I will appreciate being a free man again. 13 miles from my hometown. He is truly watched his career when he was in the I have only one regret, Mr. President. a Kansan. We have watched with great House, and I have attended hearings he I have so many Republican relatives in pride the progress he has made in the has held at Grand Junction and at other Colorado who have voted for him as a field of public service in the adjoining places in Colorado on Forest Service bills. Democrat that I do not know how they State of Colorado. It was a privilege to I regard him as one of my favorite people, will vote in the future. work with him during my service in the and I thank him for what he has said I wish the Senator all the best. House, which goes back to 1935, while about me. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I wish he was · in the Senate, and it has been, Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President- to express my very warm appreciation.to perhaps, even a greater privilege to be Mr. CASE. I yield to the Senator the Senator from Washington [Mr. associated with him in the Senate. We from Washington. JACKSON], and to the Senator from Mich in Kansas will miss his fine service in Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, I re igan [Mr. POTTER], and to the Senator the Senate, but I feel that he and his gret that I was not in the Chamber yes from New Mexico [Mr. CHAVEZ] for their good wife are entitled to a very well terday when so many tributes were paid very generous and kind remarks. deserved rest, after he has served his to our distinguished friend and colleague THE HIGHWAY BILL State and the Nation so faithfully and from Colorado. I wish to associate my Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, will the well. self with the remarks previously made Senator yield? I say to the distinguished Senator from about the long and distinguished career Mr. CASE. I yield. Colorado that it has been a pleasure to of Senator JOHNSON. Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, the know him as a friend, as a legislator, and I had the privilege of serving for 4 Senator from Mississippi was called to as a neighbor. I wish for him and his years on the Joint Committee on Atomic the telephone a short time ago and did good wife the very best that life can Energy with the Senator from Colorado. not hear the Senator from South Dakota afford. I know of his tremendous contributions speak with reference to the utility sur Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. to that all-important work. vey. So far as I am concerned, it is my President, I thank the Senator from I also had the privilege of working with recollection that we did not have suffi Kansas for the very kind things he has Senator JoHNSON, during the time that I cient facts before us in the committee said. I used to call the Senator from served in the House of Representatives, and I believe that view was shared by the Kansas "my Congressman," because he in connection with many of the great whole membership of the committee represented so ably the district in Kansas power and reclamation projects in the on which to base any judgment in which of which I am a native. Our homes West. from a factual standpoint we could feel were not too far apart, although I lived We who come from the West and from secure. Was that the Senator's position in my home much earlier than the Sen the Far West will miss his invaluable on that point? ator from Kansas lived in his home. counsel. I do not know of anyone who Mr. CASE. The point the Senator However, I referred to him with a great has made a greater contribution to the from Mississippi makes was the view ac deal of affection and pride as "my Con cause of the West than has Senator cepted by the committee. We felt we gressman." I thank the Senator for JOHNSON of Colorado. did not have sufficient facts to enable what he has said. His typical western independence has us to take affirmative action, and, there Mr. CASE. Mr. President, I yield to lent great strength to this all-important fore, we wanted a study made. The the Senator from Wyoming. legislative body. Senator from Colorado was concerned Mr. BARRETT. Mr. President, I wish I wish to join with my many col lest some language in one of the para to join with my colleagues in expressing leagues in wishing Senator JoHNSON and graphs of the report prejudged the to the distinguished senior Senator from his good wife all of the best as they re study. It was the intention of the mem Colorado our sorrow at his leaving this turn to the great State of Colorado. bers of the committee that we should great body. I may say to the Senator Mr. CASE. Mr. Pres ident, I yield to have the kind of study made which is from Colorado that the Mountain States the Senator from Michigan. referred to in the final sentence of that of the West will regret very much his Mr. POTTER. Mr. President, I, too, section of the report dealing with utility leaving the Senate. He has been a great wish to join with my colleagues in ex 1·eloca tions: force in the development of the West for pressing my regrets that the distin a long period of time. guished and honored Senator from Colo It is expected that this study will be con I ducted on the basis of impartial facts and first became acquainted with him rado sees fit to seek retirement. objectivity. when he was Lieutenant Governor of As a new Member of the Senate it has Colorado, and I knew him later also been my good fortune to serve with him Mr. STENNIS. I have read that part when he was the Governor of the State. on the Committee on Interstate and For of the report, and I believe the conclud Of course, I have known him since he eign Commerce, a committee which has ing sentence in that section makes it has been a Member of this body. He great responsibility and great authority clear that what we wanted and what we has cooperated on every occasion in the in recommending legislation concerning expected was a factual study and a fac enactment of legislation that would the regulatory agencies of our Govern tual report, because that is what we need enhance the development of our great ment. I know of no man in or out of on which to base action. I appreciate West. Congress who has a better knowledge of the Senator's statement. We are truly sorry that he is leaving and a keener interest in this large seg Mr. CASE. Mr. President, there is the service of his country in the capacity ment of our Government. I have called only one additional section, section 17, of a Senator, but we hope that in the upon the distinguished and honored which appears at page 13 of the bill. years that lie ahead he will enjoy living Senator many times for advice. His I ask unanimous consent that it may ap out in God's country. counsel has been widely sought, and he pear in my remarks at this point. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. is a man whom we all hold in high There being no objection, section 17 President, will the Senator from South esteem. of the bill was ordered to be printed in Dakota yield? I sincerely hope that Mrs. Johnson and the RECORD, as follows: Mr. CASE. I yield. the Senator will enjoy many years of SEc. 17. (a) Highway construction work Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I thank happiness and health. performed in pursuance of agreements be the Senator from Wyoming for his very Mr. CASE. Mr. President, I yield to tween the Secretary of Commerce and any generous remarks. I was a resident of the Senator from New Mexico. State highway department which requires approval by the Secretary of Commerce and the State of Wyoming for a few years a Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, I am which is financed in whole or in part by long time ago-! presume before the pleased that we in New Mexico know funds authorized under this or succeeding Senator from Wyoming was born-- Senator JoHNSON about as well as any acts, shall be performed by contract Mr. BARRETT. I thank the Senator neighbor could know him. Not only do awarded by competitive bidding under such very much for the compliment. we know him well, but we know him in procedures as may by regulations be pre- 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE 4671 scribed by the Secretary of Commerce, un ·time that we should get on ·with this justifies emphasis at this time on spend less the Secretary of Commerce shall affirm type of work which is neither wasteful ing for vital construction which takes atively find that, under the circumstances nor synthetic, in solving as it does prob relating to a given project, some other the place of spending for purely military method is in the public interest. All such lems which become most costly as the needs. The public is aware of its urgency findings shall be reported promptly in writ deterioration progresses further. and the penalties that would be suffered ing to the Committees on Public Works of I am pleased that the committee recog by postponement of its objectives. the Senate anct the House of Representa nized the need for a greater share of tives. these tax funds for transfer to the States (b) In any case in which approval by the in bringing the means for meeting the MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE Secretary of Commerce of any contract for financial burdens of road building to A message from the House of Repre such highway construction work is required, those State highway officials who live the Secretary shall require as a condition sentatives, by Mr. Bartlett, one of its precedent to such approval a sworn state closely with the requirements of their clerks, announced that the House had ment executed by, or on behalf of, the per local economies. In my State there is a passed, without amendment, the follow son, firm, association, or corporation to dread of the effect of procrastination on ing bills of the Senate: whom such contract is to be awarded, certi this legislation because delay threatens S. 208. An act for the relief of Sister Con fying that such person, firm, association, or our industry, its workingmen, the farm stantin (Teresia Kakonyi); corporation has not, either directly or indi· ers and all others in the State who are in S. 532. An act for the relief of Giulio Squil rectly, entered into any agreement, partici one way or another annoyed by slug .. lari, Mrs. Maggiorina Barbero Squillari, pated in any collusion, or otherwise taken gishness in the treatment of this pro Rosanna Squillari, and Eugenio Squillari; any action in restraint of free competitive S. 939. An act for the relief of Njdeh Hov..:· bidding in connection with such contract. gram. I am informed by the president hanissian Aslanian; and the executive committee of the S. 1208. An act for the relief of Andrew D. Mr. CASE. I merely wish to point out American Automobile Association that Sumner; that this is a new section in Federal high only 24 percent of the national system S. 1209. An act for the relief of Dr. Uheng way legislation. Very briefly, it pro of interstate highways meets standards Khoo; vides that any cop.tracts awarded to ac of sufficiency. This note of alarm comes S. 1231. An act for the relief of Franz complish projects authorized by this or from an association with a membership Gerich and Willy Gerich, his minor son; any succeeding acts shall be awarded on of 4,250,000 motorists. Motoring in this S. 1691. An act to authorize Potomac Elec a competitive bidding basis, under such tric Power Co. to construct, maintain, and country is not a matter of luxury today. operate in the District of Columbia, and to rules and regulations as the Secretary of It is a vital link with the conduct of cross Kenilworth Avenue NE., in said Dis Commerce may prescribe. everyday business. The further break trict, with, certain railroad tracks and re It specifically provides that when a down of the system of roads spells lated facilities, and for other purposes; contract is awarded the Secretary of jeopardy to our economy. S. 1937. An act for the relief of Rev. Francis Commerce shall require, "as a condition Mr. President, from reliable witnesses T. Dwyer and Rev. Thomas Morrissey; precedent to the approval of a contract, s. 2499. An act for the relie! of Hua Lin who testified befor.a the Committee on and his wife, Lillian Ching-Wen Lin (nee a sworn statement, executed by" the Public Works there has been adduced the Hu); and · appropriate person in behalf of the con interesting fact that 63.8 percent of the s. 2534. An act for the relief of Dora Vida tractor, "certifying that such person, mileage on the Federal-aid systems is in Lyew Seixas. firm, association, or corporation has not, need of improvement, and that an ever either directly or indirectly, entered into increasing gap exists between the The message also announced that the any agreement, participated in any col maintenance and use of the highways. House had agreed to the concurrent reso lusion, or otherwise taken any action in This figure is shocking, and there is a lution 4678 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE April 6 anything, and if the action is to be im· tate to enlist our men and our treasure Mr. MAGNUSON. Mr. President, will plemented, it means that the United in a struggle which may go on indefi the Senator from Massachusetts yield? State will be expected to bear the burden nitely, and in which the justice of the Mr. KENNEDY. I yield to the Sena of the fighting and to strengthen its cause is not completely and clearly on tor from Washington. military establishment. · our side, in the eyes of the people of Mr. MAGNUSON. I, too, like the The problem is of grave importance, that area. other Senators, was vitally interested in ·because the meeting at Geneva is com Mr. JACKSON. I heartily agree with what the Senator from Massachusetts ing nearer. The French Assembly has the distinguished junior Senator from said. I think his address was a very authorized the French Government to Massachusetts. I certainly believe that good analysis of the whole situation. conduct negotiations at Geneva. If the our policy, must be to aid freedom and I believe we ought to be a little careful French conduct negotiations with Ho the liberties of the people of that area. in accepting some concrete policy, be Cht Minh, he will agree only if it means Mr. KENNEDY. Perhaps a compar cause there is a certain situation in ex that, step by step, he will control the able situation would have existed if the istence. I, too, was in Indochina not whole area. United States had entered the Cuban many months ago, and I probably shall If Secretary Dulles is to persuade the war on the side of Spain, against the go there again in a very few days. I French not to enter into that kind of natives who desired independence. But am also a member of the committee negotiation, obviously the French will never in the history of the United States, which will act on the appropriations in expect, instead, that the United States at least since the Mexican war, have we connection with the matter. will play an increasingly larger part in intervened against a native population, I agree wholly with the Senator from the war. and in support of a power which has Massachusetts and with my colleague, If we are to enter into the situation maintained colonial control. the junior Senator from Washington, militarily, it is a question whether we I am certain that the long period of that we are thinking about the inde shall have united action or not. In the French colonialism has ended. But un pendence of free people, and that is what current political situation, we shall defi less the French are willing to change, at is engaging their attention. But I am nitely not have the support of a great least for the Associated States, the sure that we have to be careful about percentage of the people of the Asiatic French Union concept, it seems to me one thing. The French today could say, nations, who desire to maintain neu that our hopes in that area, regard "All right. We grant complete inde trality in the struggle. Therefore, less of how extensive our intervention pendence to the three States:• I know should we try alone to maintain the may be, are doomed to failure. what would then happen in France, and struggle in Indochina under those con the Senator from Massachusetts knows. ditions, I think our program would be Mr. JACKSON. I would not for a mo The French Government would say, "All doomed to failure. I think that is the ment want anything that I said on the right; we wash our hands of it. They problem we have to meet. floor of the Senate to be construed as are independent." I know what would Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, will asking that our people intervene on be then happen in Indochina. We would the Senator yield? half of French colonialism. I think the find that what was the Vietnamese Gov Mr. KENNEDY. I yield. Senate made a mistake in not supporting ernment would soon become the Viet Mr. JACKSON. Does not the dis the amendment offered by the distin Minh Government, and communism tinguished junior Senator from Massa guished junior Senator from Massa would then be established there. That chusetts feel that we have reached the chusetts last June. I supported it. That may be what will happen. If so, we point where the President ought to amendment would have made unmistak have to fac.e that unpleasant situation, come before Congress and outline the ably clear that our desire to assist in as the Senator from Massachusetts policy and the program of the United Asia was primarily due to our inclination pointed out. The question involves basic States in relation to Indochina? to aid the people of that area to obtain issues. their own freedom. I recall very distinctly that during the Mr. KENNEDY. I do not say that we 80th Congress a very serious situation Mr. KENNED'¥. I think the reasons would have to accept one of the two arose in Greece, when Greece was about for defeating it would have been sound, alternatives, either that we support the to fall. The President of the United as the majority leader said, if results had French and their present contractual re States came before Congress and recom flowed from the French statement of lationship with the three Associated mended a policy, which later became July 3; but the July 3 statement has not States, or that the French withdraw known as the Truman doctrine. He been implemented by any kind of action. completely, with the result that the Viet outlined what he expected of Congress Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. President, will Minh would gain control. . and Congress promptly responded. the Senator from Massachusetts yield? The third alternative, and the one I Greece was saved. I think that cer· Mr. KENNEDY. I yield to the Senator would support, is that the French recog tainly the situation in Indochina has from New Mexico. nize the independence of the people of reached the point where the President Mr. ANDERSON. I desired to add my the three states, so that the French will of the United States should come be word of commendation to the distin secure the support of the Associated fore Congress and give to Congress and guished Senator from Massachusetts for States, and in that way secure the loy the American people a statement of his statement, and say to him that he alty of the common people as well as what the policy of the Government is was extremely fortunate in that the able the intelligentsia of that area so they and what is expected of Congress and majority leader was on the floor of the will support the army. But if the two the American people. Senate while the statement was made alternatives are either to support the I conscientiously feel that if the Presi and that he supplemented it by a very French in the present contractual rela dent will tell us what is expected of us, strong statement of his own. I hope the tionships of the three Associated States we in Congress, regardless of party, will debate is indicative of the interest of in the French Union, or the French do everything we possibly can to back up Congress and its desire to speak frankly withdraw, I think either would lead to the President, so that he will have a on the facts, as indicated by the remarks disaster. I do not believe we could get strong hand in trying to a vert a war of not onl¥ the Senator from Massachu united action behind the first alternative, which might envelop all of southeast setts, but the distinguished majority because I do not think the Asiatics and Asia. leader. the people of the Associated States would Mr. KENNEDY. I certainly agree So far as I am concerned, the whole be in favor of it. Then the burden will with the Senator from Washington. He question is summed up in a few words fall on us and on the French. mentioned the struggle in Greece. Of which the Senator from Massachusetts Mr. MAGNUSON. I agree with the course, we went to the assistance of a used when he said a victorious fight can Senator. I think we have got to aban regime or a Government which had the be maintained once it is recognized that don the first two alternatives. Never wholehearted support of the people the independence of southeast Asia and theless, the situation is unpleasant. The against the Communist guerrillas. But the repelling of Communist aggression distinguished Senator from Illinois [Mr. in this instance we are going to the are the objectives of such a struggle DIRKSEN] and I spent many hours talk direct assistance of the French, who have not the maintenance of colonialism by ing to those people last June and we dominated that area since 1860, and who the French Government. I hope the have spent time talking to others about still maintain excessive powers over it. French people and the French Govern it. I wonder whether we have to face So it is no wondeJ.· that ma.ny of us hesi-. ment will take those words very seriously. the unpleasant alternatives. One is that 1954 CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD - -SENATE 4679 France would say, if it granted the As· My third point is that, as a matter However, let us not forget that unless we sociated States independence, "All right. of fact, when the Senator from Wash carry on in some fashion there, the We are done." Then we will have to ington [Mr. MAGNUSON] and I returned, French may move out, and suddenly may face the very situation we had in Kor~a. we made a report to the President of the say, "We will dump it into the lap of I agree with the Senator from Massa United States, last June; and at that the United Nations." Then what will chusetts that we must set down the time we indicated that out of all the dis the situation be, Mr. President? In policy we are to follow. Once we have cussions with our men in uniform, with Korea the United Nations' forces were done that, we may be relieved of the our civilians who were carrying on the 90 percent United States troops, and the unpleasant alternatives. Until we do, point 4 program, with the Vietnamese, United Nations' expenditures in Korea many more questions will face us for including the Prime Minister, and with were 90 percent United States funds. many years to come. I think the Sen everyone else there, including, also, the Would there be a similar result in Indo ator from Massachusetts has made a French, we had the conviction-and I china? I hope not, because I would be great contribution toward shaping a think it is the one that my friend, the the last to go along with a program of policy. Senator from Massachusetts, now main that sort. Several Senators addressed the Chair. tains-that in order to develop effective It was for that reason that, when the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does :fighting men among the natives, they foreign aid authorization bill was on this the Senator from Massachusetts yield; must be given something for which to fioor last year, and after an effort had and if so, to whom? :fight. At the present time they have 'no been made to eliminate from the bill a Mr. KENNEDY. I yield :first to the constitution, no bill of rights, no guar large portion of the appropriations au Senator from Dlinois. anties. That was the essence of the thorized-the House had voted to make a - Mr. DIRKSEN. Will the Senator :first report we made-namely, that it is reduction of more than a billion dollars from Massachusetts indulge me to make necessary to set up a target of inde although I did not like the assignment I a few observations while he retains the pendence. had under those circumstances, never fioor? In the case of the Philippines, long theless I carried on in the effort to have Mr. KENNEDY. I yield. ago we projected the target of inde some of the authorization of funds re Mr. DIRKSEN. In the :first- place, I pendence by setting it for the Fourth stored, because it appeared to me that disagree with the Senator from Massa of July, 1946; and, after years of incu this area was of impo:r;tance to the United chusetts that the President of the United bation and preparation, independence States and to the entire world-and for States should take cognizance of the for the Philippines became an actuality. a reason which we do not fully compre matter and elevate it to a national issue. I do not understand how we could pos hend. That reason. is that this area is It is wholly unlike the situation which sibly ask the French summarily to leave the surplus rice bowl of southeast Asia. existed in Greece, because there we were there and say, "Independence fs com Every year Japan secures 500,000 tons dealing with a sovereign power. In plete." First, there must be a capacity oi rice from the Red River delta, which Indochina we are dealing with a colonial for the exercise of freedom. Indochina is the rice bowl which takes care, also, of power which has exercised tutelage in would fall tonight if the French were to Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, For Indochina ever since 1865, which rela state over the radio and elsewhere that mosa, Indonesia, and other countries. tionship has existed continuously ever on next Tuesday morning they would So we are not dealing with what is solely since that time. leave Indochina. In that event, that a military question. On the contrary, The situation was wholly different would be the end. this pressing matter goes to the self when the Truman doctrine was articu Politically, in this situation we are at preservation of the people of that sec lated. I see no reason why the Presi the short end of a very ditlicult admin tion of the Orient. That is why this dent should elevate the matter on a istrative problem; namely, during all the subject is so important, because if we standard at this time, and take cogni years the French have failed to develop were to give the Reds control of the zance of it in that fashion, notwith among the native people-and no one surplus rice bowl, the rest would be easy standing the fact that he realizes, as does can condone this-a trained administra for them, and no country would have everyone else, that the situation is truly tive talent to run their own affairs. The either sufficient ingenuity or talent or precarious. French set up at Saigon a miniature resources to be able to develop the in If the Senator from Massachusetts Paris, and the French administered the strumentalities of warfare to keep the will indulge me another moment, I do banking business and all the other busi area going and to save southeast Asia. not share the anxiety and concern some nesses and arrangements, with the result So that is the situation, and it is very feel about the danger of sending Ameri that today, in the year of our Lord 1954, simple, I think, as we look at it from can troops to Indochina, other than we pay the bill because there are no the economic standpoint, and then when technicians. I believe many forget the native administrators to handle their we comprehend the military picture or logistics and topographical situation in own affairs. the political picture from the standpoint volved. As a result, it seems to me that the of the capacity of the people. After 85 Indochina is about twice the size of reasonable and logical thing to do now, years of French tutelage and domination the State of Illinois. If one added two and I believe it was also the reasonable and administration of the area, the na States the size of Illinois together, he and logical thing to do before, is to tives are unable to administer their own would have an idea of the size of Indo recommend the setting of a target date affairs. Their capacity to administer china. However, four-fifths of the peo for freedom-complete freedom, if we them cannot be developed overnight. In ple live in one-fifth of the area, and we like-for Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam solving that problem, we must summon are talking here of :fighting which is all parts of the so-called Associated some real restraint and patience. · taking place in a localized area in the States. Mr. KENNEDY. If the French are vicinity of the Red River Delta, at If a target date is set for some time in unwilling to give up their interest there, Hanoi, Hai-phong, and a1ong the Ton the future; and if by word, deed, or except for purposes of defense for a pe kin. So that actually there is a localized otherwise, we can say to the 21-million riod of 2 or 3 years, and only because of war, and there are 750,000 or 800,000 natives in Vietnam, "Look: Five years a desire to permit the native armies to active combatant troops, or potentially hence there will be a constitution and develop, then what is our interest there? combatant troops, in that area. guarantees of liberty and independence, In that event, we shall have no political So I could see no good reason for send and independence for you will become a or economic stake in preserving Indo ing other than some technicians there. reality on that date; there is the target china free from the Communists. In Obviously, if the French mechanics can against which we shall operate, and we stead, we want to help maintain the in not repair the planes we sent there, we give you firm assurance of it, and we do dependence of that area, free from Com have to send someone who has the ca so by sealing it now on parchment to munist domination. If that cause is not pacity to repair them. which we sign our names," then it seems good enough for the French, then it So, :first, we should never lose sight of to me that is the logical approach by seems to me that any action we take is the physical situation involved. sec means of which to take care of this situa foredoomed to disaster, because if the ond, we should never lose sight of the tion; for otherwise that area will fall. French are unwilling to give up their fact that we are dealing with a very Of course there will then be some who economic and political domination of peculiar jurisdictional situation. will urge that we should go in, whole hog. the area, the support of the native 4680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE April 6 peoples cannot be won, even by means not set any date for the use of French Mr. DIRKSEN. That may be true. of a promise of independence in 5 years. facilities in that area, did not include I certainly would not face the situation Therefore, a promise of independence 5 Cochin-China in the area over which with a sense of defeatism, because, from years from now, when this matter now he was given control. The French con my own observations and from the dis is coming to a head at Geneva; or in the cessions were extremely limited. Since cussions here at high levels, it seems to next few months if we take the word of then, every time a military setback has me that the situation can be retrieved the Secretary of State, does not seem to occurred, the French have made more and that the dimculties are not insur be enough. If the French are not will concessions. Cochin-China was in mountable. It certainly is not necessary ing to make sumcient concessions to win cluded in the area of Vietnam. In 1950, to send American troops to Indochina. the support of the native people, then the PAU agreements were made. Then, Let me add that when all is said and the cause is hopeless. on July 3, 1953, further promises were done we have a President of the United We have heard the French say, "Sup made, after the military campaign of States who can sit down in front of a port us or we will pull out." However, that season stalled. So political conces battle map and, without any aid from how do we expect to obtain the support sions have followed military defeat. anyone else, interpret what is on it and of the native people of that area and of Soon we may undoubtedly have another tell what the physical situation is. other areas in Asia? Certainly the concession, because of the present mili Secondly, we have a President who has Asiatics must be given a definite reason tary di1Jiculty. reamrmed his confidence and faith in for participating in the struggle, or else The point I make is that we are not those provisions of the Constitution they will not participate in it. going to get united action and the sup which have lodged the war-making Mr. DIRKSEN. Permit me to say at port of the people of that area until gen power in the Congress, because it is ex this point that, as I recall, when the for uine political independence has been clusively there under the Constitution, eign aid bill was under consideration by granted. The French have an obligation notwithstanding the fact that a former the Senate, there was submitted an to the free world. This has been their Secretary of State has said that it is a amendment to the effect that aid would colony. They refused to grant inde power which has fallen into abeyance be conditioned on freedom. pendence to Indochina at the end of because wars are no longer declared in Mr. KENNEDY. That is correct; the World War II, as the British, the Dutch, advance. Senator from Arizona [Mr. GoLDWATER) and the United States did in comparable Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, will submitted the amendment , and I sup situations. Therefore, if they are not the Senator yield? ported a modified, less mandatory ver willing to continue the fight for a year Mr. KENNEDY. I yield. sion of it. or twO--along with the free countries Mr. JACKSON. I merely wish to make Mr. DIRKSEN. Indeed, so; and that of the world, including the United States 1 or 2 comments in connection with amendment was fully discussed on the if that is what is required-in order to the remarks of my distinguished friend floor of the Senate. It was on July 4, permit the area to be free, it seems to me from Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN]. 1953, when Laniel was Prime Minister, the situation is hopeless. First, let me say that I believe that the that a statement went out from Paris Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, will problem which we face is a national that the French intended to begin, and the Senator yield? issue. I do not see for a moment how would begin in a few days, negotiations Mr. KENNEDY. I yield. anyone can say that we should do any looking to the independence of the Asso Mr. DIRKSEN. In the interest of thing to prevent the elevation of this ciated States. clarification, the Senator suggests giving problem to the point where it becomes a Now, when my friend, the Senator them immediately their complete politi national issue. It is already a national from Massachusetts, says the native peo cal independence. Does my friend from issue. It is an international issue. I ple cannot wait that long-- Massachusetts mean that the French ad think there is great similarity to the sit Mr. KENNEDY. No; my point is that ministrators should walk out tomorrow, uation which we faced 7 years ago in the negotiations have collapsed, because after the parchment has been signed Greece. The reason why we intervened the Prime Minister has returned to Sai making independence a reality, without in Greece was to aid the Government of gon, and the French Parlia~ent has any administrative talent to operate in Greece in order to prevent the Mediter adopted a resolution to the effect that if the situation? Under such conditions ranean area from falling into the hands the present arrangement between the there would be deterioration over night. of the Communists. Associated States and France is broken, France will consider t he negotiations Mr. KENNEDY. What I would sug The reason why we are concerned in ended. So I say that the negotiations gest would be two treaties, which the Indochina, above everything else, is to people of Vietnam want. One, granting prevent Indochina, and with it all of referred to on July 3 have broken down. them complete independence. After all, It has been 9 months since t hen. Southeast Asia, from falling into the Mr. DIRKSEN. I realize that; but let they have had an opportunity to develop hands of the Communists. us consider the negotiations which we a good many of their own technicians. The reason why I have raised certain had in the case of Korea. Negotiations There are not a great many French civil points this afternoon is that I wish to can be reinstituted at any time. administrators left in the Associated uphold the hand of the President of the We recall that Ho Chi Minh was taken States. United States, and to give to the Presi to Paris in 1946. He was t he leader of The second treaty would be a tie bind dent any reassurance that he may need the Viet Minh forces. ing them to the French Union on the from some of us in the Senate. I do Mr. KENNEDY. That is correct. basis of equality. That has not been not think we should get ourselves into Mr. DIRKSEN. At t hat time they granted. I think it should be granted such a situation in that, perhaps a few were not called the Viet Minh. They before any United States action is taken, weeks· hence, Senators might rise in this simply were called a nationalist group. because I feel that any action taken by Chamber to criticize the President of the Evidently the French thought they had us under present conditions would be United States for taking precipitate ac with them an arrangement calling for doomed to failure. tion. It is to prevent that possibility that freedom; but when Ho Chi Minh re Mr. DIRKSEN. So far as negotiation I have raised certain questions here turned, he scarcely had landed in Indo is concerned, it offers no real dimculty. today, china before he caused the slaughter not It can be set afoot on the basis of all the The situation in Indochina might only of natives, but of French men, representations which have been made reach the point where the President of women, and children, as well. heretofore. the United States, in his capacity as The question was, To what extent Mr. KENNEDY. Negotiations have commander-in-chief, might have to take could there be dependence upon his been carried on since last July, in an precipitate action, which might eventu..: word, and to what extent could he en attempt to arrive at a formula which ally result in all-out war. It is because force his word after he gave it? Con would combine union and independence. I wish to prevent that possibility, and sequently, it seems to me that these Ten days ago the negotiations were in order that the Congress may dis things must be nursed along for a time, broken off, and the action of the French charge its responsibility, that I have because we simply cannot bring about Parliament ·indicates that the French made certain suggestions about the independence overnight. Assembly will not support such action. necessity of the ,President's stating the Mr. KENNEDY. The concessions The point I make is that unless they do, policy to the Congress of the United made to Ho Chi Minh in 1946, which did anything we may do will be to no avail. States. 1951, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- SENATE 4681 Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, will chanics to Indochina, because we were Mr. CASE. Mr: President, I offer an the Senator from Massachusetts ·yield, going into an area that was not lacking amendment, which is in the nature of .a so that I may reply to my distinguished firepower or meri or anything else·, ex perfecting amendment to the pending friend from Washington? cept the will to fight. bill, s. 3184. Mr KENNEDY. I yield. The second point I wish to mention is The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BAR Mr. DffiKSEN. I realize that when the one that relates to unilateral action. RETT in the chair) . The Secretary will we discuss matters of such delicacy, While there are conditions on which state the amendment. terms ought to be very carefully used. Congress would vote to support united . The LEGISLATIVE CLERK. On page 3, Not for a moment did the junior Senator action, and I believe the people would lme 2, after the word "sums", it is pro from Illinois tend to demean the serious back it up, I do not believe that Congress pose~ to insert the words "heretofore, ness of the situation in Indochina. Pos would ever vote, or should vote, to have herem, or hereafter." sibly conditions there change from day to the United States go in on a unilateral The PRESIDING OFFICER. The day. They may change from hour to basis. It would have to be a united ef question is on agreeing to the amend hour. Certainly the President of the fort; not a token effort, but a real ment offered by the Senator from South United States, the Secretary of State, united effort. Dakota [Mr. CASE]. and those associated with them have In other words, if there is not suffi Mr. CASE. The amendment refers to daily reports, and, perchance, hourly re cient power and strength in Asia, or in the provision relating to secondary roads. ports. They are in a far better positio.n some Asiatic country which is willing to It is for the purpose of clarifying and than we are to determine what the sit take the chance, to stop communism, as carrying out the intent of the revision uation is at a given moment. When the we say, or give freedom; and work on the which I explained earlier in the after point is reached where certain informa basis of freedom, with some support noon. tion or statement of policy should be im from the other free nations of the world, Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Presi parted to the Congress, there will cer then it is a lost cause, as I see it. · Un dent, I suggest the absence of a quorum. tainly be no reluctance on the part of less those conditions are brought about The PRESIDING ·oFFICER. The President Eisenhower to do so. we should not go in. To go in on a uni Secretary will call the roll. · Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, will lateral basis would be to go into a trap. The legislative clerk proceeded to call the Senator from Massachusetts further It would be to send our men into a trap the roll. yield? from which there could be no reasonable Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, I Mr KENNEDY. I yield. recovery and no chance for victory. ask unanimous consent that the order Mr. JACKSON. I conclude by saying So to the extent of united effort, as for the quorum call be rescinded. that I heartily agree with my colleague, proclaimed by the Secretary of State, The PRESIDING OFFICER. With· the junior Senator from Illinois. I think I certainly would back him. However, out objection, it is so ordered. we . are probably in general agreement. it must be more than a token of united Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, a few I merely wish to make it clear that we effort, as I see it. days ago I gave notice that there was should not reach a point from which we I believe the ·senator from Massachu· intended to be proposed by myself, the cannot withdraw, the only alternative setts has done a great deal to clarify the .senator from Oklahoma [Mr. KERR], being the possibility of . all-out war. I situation as to what the actual condi the Senator from Oregon [Mr. MoRSE], sincerely believe that we ought to know tions are in Indochina. and the Senator ·from Mississippi [Mr. what is our program and what is our Mr. KENNEDY. I believe conditions STENNIS] an amendment to Senate bill policy in Indochina. Then let us get be should be established in Indochina 3184- hind that policy and let the world know which would permit the achievement of Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, will that the Congress supports the President the united effort to which the Senator the Senator from New Mexico yield? of the United States in his efforts to pre from Mississippi has referred. Mr. CHAVEZ. I yield. vent southeast Asia from falling into the Mr. STENNIS. I appreciate the Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, I hands of the Communists. statement of the Senator from Illinois understand there is an amendment Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, will the [Mr. DIRKSEN] in which he referred to pending which the Senator from South Senator from Massachusetts yield? the President's statement to the effect Dakota has offered. It is technical· in Mr. KENNEDY. I yield to the Sen that Congress would be called upon to nature, and if we can dispose of it-- ator from Mississippi. declare war if there is to be any delib Mr. CHAVEZ. I have no objection to Mr. STENNIS. First let me say to the erate entrance into war. I accept that that. Senator from Massachusetts that I think statement at full value. However, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The he has delivered the finest statement I things can happen from day to day and question is on agreeing to the amend have heard on this subject. It is a state we could find ourselves in such a posi ment offered by the Senator from South ment which certainly needed to be made, tion that Congress would have no real Dakota [Mr. CASE]. not only to the membership of this body, choice. Mr. BUSH. Mr. President, may we but to the people of the entire country. Mr. KENNEDY. As was the case with have the amendment stated? I think he has made an outstanding con Korea. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tribution in connection with this much Mr. STENNIS. Yes; except to ratify clerk will again state the amendment for misunderstood, cloudy, and uncertain the condition that then existed. the· information of the Senate. subject. I believe it is particularly incumbent Tl).e LEGISLATIVE CLERK. On page 3, I thought the response of the Senator upon the President of the United States. line 2, after the word "sums", it is pro from California [Mr. KNowLAND], which I accept his assurances in full good posed to insert ''heretofore, herein, or was characteristic of him, was also on faith, and I know he means every word. hereafter." a very high, nonpartisan, constructive However, the burden is on him and on Mr. CASE. Mr. President, if there is plane. his administration to develop the facts, any question in the mind of any Senator, I wish to commend and thank both and to not be too late in presenting them the amendment is to make clear that the Senators. to us for consideration according to our secondary road funds will be effective for The Senator from Massachusetts em responsibility and for the Nation's con· the fiscal year 1956. phasizes the fact that he does not be sideration. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. '!'he lieve we should support any war in Indo ;M;r. KENNEDY. I thank the Senator. question is on agreeing to the amend china unless its basic objective is free· ment of the Senator from South Dakota. dom. I heartily agree with him. The amendment was agreed to. I have it on the very highest military CONSTRUCTION OF HIG~AYS Mr. CHAVEZ. Mr. President, as I authority-as high as it can be with the The Senate resumed the consideration previously stated, I have an amendnient exception of the President of the United of the bill Maj. Gen. John Koehle·r Gerhart, ·525A. To be brigadier generals mbfect to qualifica .. H. R. 4886. An act for the relief of Ingrid Maj. Gen. Dean Coldwell Strother, 591A. tion therefor as prOVided by law Birgitta Maria Colwell (nee Friberg); To be brigadier generals John D. Macklin H. R. 4984. An- act to remove certain limi Bertrand T. Fay tations upon the sale or conveyance of land Maj. Gen. Elmer Blair Garland, 322A. heretofore conveyed to the city of Miles Brig. Gen. Matthew Kemp Deichelmann, City, Mont., by the United States; 331A. H. R. 5085. ·An act for the relief of Mrs. Maj. Gen. Leland Samuel Stranathan, 406A. Marie Tcherepnin; Maj. Gen. Edward Holmes Underhlll, 421A. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H. R. 5529. An act to preserve within Ma Maj. Gen. Roy Henry Lynn, 492A. nassas National Battlefield Park, Va., the Brig. Gen. Merrill Davis Burnside, 495A. TUESDAY, APRIL 6,1954 most important historic properties relating Maj. Gen. Robert Oswald Cork, 523A. to the .battles of Manassas, and for other Maj. Gen. Paul Ernest Ruestow, 548A. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. _ purposes; and Maj. Gen. Wiley Duncan Ganey, 553A. The Chaplain, Rev. :&ernard Braskamp, H. R. 6434. An act to amend sections 401 Maj. Gen. Walter Campbell Sweeney, Jr., D. D., offered the following prayer: and 701 of the Federal FoOd, Drug, and Cos 555A. metic Act so as to simplify the procedures Maj. Gen. Morris John Lee, 556A. Almighty God, we are entering upon governing the establishment of food stand- Maj. Gen. David Hodge Baker, 557A. this new day with gratitude lor the many ards. · Brig. Gen. Daniel Francis Callahan, 579A. blessings and bounties of Thy divine Maj. Gen. Gordon Aylesworth Blake, 582A. providence. The message also announced that the Maj. Gen. John Paul McConnell, 611A. Thou art acquainted with and canst Senate had passed, with amendments in Maj. Gen. Kenneth Burton Hobson, 616A. which the concurrence of the House is Maj. Gen. Hunter Harris, Jr., 624A. supply all our needs. Wilt Thou teach Maj. Gen. Robert Broussard Landry, 635A. us so to ask that we may receive and s_o requested, bills of the House of the fol Maj. Gen. William Oscar Senter, 648A. to seek that we may find every needed lowing titles: Maj. Gen. Joseph Francis Carroll, 23161A. blessill2". H. R. 1067. An act to authorize the Supreme Court of the United States to make IN THE NAVY Grant unto us the spirit of patience and obedience to Thy holy will. In our and publish rules for procedure on reviews Adm. Lynde D. McCormick, United States of decisions of the Tax Court of the United Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and allow times of perplexity and uncertainty, be States; ances of a vice admiral while serving as Thou our guide and counselor, and in H. R. 6436. An act to amend the Com President, Naval War College. our times of despair, be Thou our refuge munications Act of 1934, as amended; and Vice Adm. Jerauld Wright, United States and strength. H. R. 6702. An act to authorize the care Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and Sustain us with a confident and hope· and treatment at facilities of the Public allowances of an admiral while serving as ful frame of mind as we labor to hasten Health Service of narcotic addicts com commander in chief, Atlantic and United the dawning of that day when nations mitted by the United States District Court States Atlantic Fleet. tor the District of Columbia, a.nd for other Vice Adm. John H. Cassady, United States shall dwell together under the sover purposes. Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and eignty of t.he Prince of Peace. allowances of an admiral while serving as Hear us in His name. Amen. The message also announced that the Senate had passed, with amendments in commander in chief, United States Naval The Journal of the proceedings of yes Forces, Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. which the concurrence of the House is Vice Adm. Thomas s. Combs, United States terday was read and approved. requested, a bill of the House of the Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and following title: allowances of a vice admiral while serving as MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE H. R. 3575. An act to enable the people of a fleet commander. Hawaii to form a constitution and State Rear Adm. Edmund T. Wooldridge, United A message from the Senate, by Mr. government and to be admitted into the States Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and Carrell, one o! its clerks, announced that Union on an equal footing with the original allowances of a vice admiral while serving as the Senate had passed without amend-. States. a fleet commander. Vice Adm. Matthias B. Gardner, United ment bills of th~ House of the following The message also announced that the States Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and titles: Senate insists upon its amendments to allowances of a vice admiral while serving as H. R. 962. An act for the relief of Gabrielle the foregoing bill; requests a conference Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Plans and Marie Smith (nee Staub); with the House on the disagreeing votes Policy). H. R.l148. An act for the relief of An· Vice Adm. Robert P. Briscoe, United States tonino Cangialosi· (or Anthony Consola); of the two Houses thereon, and appoints Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and H. R. 1529. An act to facilitate the de- Mr. BUTLER of Nebraska, Mr. MILLDON, allowances of a vice admiral while serving as velopment of building materials in Alaska Mr. CORDON, Mr. MURRAY, and Mr. Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Fleet through the removal of volcanic ash from ANDERSON to be the conferees on the part Operations and Readiness) . portions of Katmal National Monument, of the Senate. Vice Adm. William M. Callaghan, United Alaska, and for other purposes; The message also announced that the States Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and H. R. 1568. An act to amend section 6 of Senate had passed bills and joint resolu . allowances of a vice admiral while serving as chapter 786 of the act of June 6, 1900, en tions of the following titles, in which the commander, Naval Forces, Far East. titled "An act making further provision for Rear Adm. Thomas G. W. Settle, United a civil government for Alaska, and for other concurrence of the House is requested: States Navy, to have the grade, rank, pay, and purposes" (31 Stat. 323; title 48, sec. 108, S. 53. An act for the relief of Lewis Roland allowances of a vice admiral while serving as U.S. C.); Edwards; commander, Amphibious Force, P~cUic Fleet. H. R. 2351. An act for the relief of Sam S. 95. An act for the relief of Mrs. Donka Rosenblat; Kourteva Dikova (Dikoff) a.nd her son Nicola NAVAL RESERVE H. R. 2441. An act for the relief of Husnu Marin Dikoff; The following-named officers of the Naval Ataullah Berker; S. 110. An act for the relief of Christopher Reserve for temporary promotion to the H. R. 2747. An act to amend title 17 of the F. Jako; grade of rear admiral in the line a.nd staff United States Code entitled "Copyrights" S. 203. An act for the relief of Yvonne corps indicated, subject to the prescribed with respect to the day for taking action Linnea Colcord; qualifications: when the last day for taking such action falls S. 246. An act for the relief of Gerrit Been: IN THE LINE on Saturday, Sunday, or a holiday; S. 347. An act for the relief of George John J. Bergen H. R. 3045; An act for the relief of Nick Taipale; Leon J. Jacobi olas K. Ioannides; S. 366. An act for the relief of Sister Con George M. Wauchope cepta (Ida Riegel) ; H. R. 3306. An act to provide for the relief S. 435. An act for the relief of Setsuko IN THE DENTAL CORPS of certain reclamation homestead entrymen; Kinoshita; Charles R. Wells H. R. 3961. An act for the relief of Mar S. 447. An act for the relief of Vas11iki gherita Di Meo: IN THE SUPPLY CORPS Tountas (nee Vasiliki Georgion Karoum H. R. 4024. An act to change the name of William L. Nelson bali); the Appomattox Court House National His s. 483. An act for the relief of Miss Elvira IN THE CHAPLAIN CORPS torical Monument to the "Appomattox Court Bortolin; Maurice S. Sheehy House National Historical Park"; s. 496. An act for the relief of Dr. Samson H. R. 4056. An act for the relief of Man IN THE MARINE CORPS RESERVE Sol Flores and his wife, the former Cecilia fred Singer; T. Tolentino; - PERMANENT APPOINTMENT H. R. 4707. An act !or the relief of Lee S. 507. An act for the relief of Mrs. Eleanor To be major general subject to qualification Yim Quon; Emilie Nell; therefor as provided by law H. R. 4738. An act for the relief of Gab s. 587. An act !or the relief of Carlos KarlS. Day riel Hittrich; Fortich, Jr.;