DRAFT STATEWIDE PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN FOR FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITES IN NEW MEXICO
Prepared for
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Albuquerque District
Contract No. W9128F-04-D-0005 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged
March 2006 DRAFT STATEWIDE PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN FOR FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITES IN NEW MEXICO
Prepared for
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque District 4101 Jefferson Plaza Northeast Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109
Prepared by
HydroGeoLogic, Inc. 1155 Herndon Parkway, Suite 900 Herndon, Virginia 20170
March 2006
The findings, opinions, and conclusions contained in this report are solely those of HydroGeoLogic, Inc. These findings, opinions, and conclusions do not necessarily reflect the position of the United States of America, or any of its departments or agencies. TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Goals of Community Relations and Public Outreach Programs ...... 2 1.3 FUDS and Risk Communication ...... 4
2.0 NEW MEXICO COMMUNITY PROFILE ...... 11 2.1 State History ...... 11 2.1.1 Native American Pueblos ...... 11 2.1.2 Spanish Colonization ...... 11 2.1.3 Mexican Province ...... 12 2.1.4 American Territory ...... 13 2.1.5 Statehood ...... 14 2.2 Government Structure ...... 15 2.3 Demographics ...... 15 2.3.1 Ethnicity ...... 15 2.3.2 Economics/Labor ...... 17
3.0 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS ...... 21 3.1 FEDERAL HAZARDOUS SITE CLEANUP LAWS AND REGULATIONS ...... 21 3.1.1 CERCLA and SARA ...... 21 3.1.2 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) ...... 23 3.1.3 Endangered Species Act ...... 26 3.1.4 Historic Preservation Act ...... 27 3.2 Tribal Regulations ...... 27 3.3 NEW MEXICO STATE LAWS AND REGULATIONS ...... 28 3.3.1 Open Meetings Act ...... 30 3.3.2 Inspection of Public Records Act ...... 31
4.0 EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION ...... 33 4.1 RISK COMMUNICATION THEORY ...... 33 4.2 FUDS-SPECIFIC COMMUNITY RELATIONS ACTIVITIES ...... 35 4.3 ADDRESSING TECHNICAL AND NON-TECHNICAL CONCERNS ...... 37 4.3.1 Non-Technical Public Concerns ...... 38 4.3.2 Explaining Technical Issues ...... 39 4.3.3 Dealing with the Media ...... 40 4.4 TECHNIQUES FOR PRESENTING INFORMATION ...... 45 4.4.1 The Presentation ...... 46 4.4.2 Risk Comparisons ...... 47 4.4.3 Avoiding Pitfalls ...... 48
5.0 LESSONS LEARNED ...... 51 5.1 Former Walker Air Force Base–FUDS ...... 51
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5.2 Fort Wingate Army Depot–BRAC/Native American ...... 52 5.3 Cannon Air Force Base–AFCEE ...... 53 5.4 Holloman Air Force Base–AFCEE ...... 53 5.5 Kirtland Air Force Base–AFCEE ...... 54
APPENDIX A - Parties to Be Contacted as Part of Community Relations Activities APPENDIX B - Endangered Species List for New Mexico APPENDIX C - Community Relations Templates
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd ii HGL 3/9/06 LIST OF TABLES
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Table 1 FUDS in New Mexico ...... 5 Table 2 Federally Recognized Tribes, Pueblos, and Nations in New Mexico ...... 16 Table 3 Community Relations Activities for Remedial Responses ...... 24 Table 4 Community Relations Activities for Removal Responses ...... 25 Table 5 Channels of Communication ...... 35
LIST OF FIGURES
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Figure 1 Stakeholders ...... 3 Figure 2 Four Economic Regions of New Mexico ...... 18 Figure 3 Federally Recognized Tribal Lands in New Mexico ...... 29 Figure 4 Factors Affecting Risk Perception ...... 38
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd iii HGL 3/9/06 LIST OF ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS
AFB Air Force Base AFCEE Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence
BRA Brownfields Revitalization Act
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
DERP Defense Environmental Restoration Program DOD U.S. Department of Defense
EIS Environmental Impact Statement EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ERP Environmental Restoration Program
FUDS Formerly Used Defense Sites
GSA General Services Administration
HGL HydroGeoLogic, Inc. HSWA Federal Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
IAD Indian Affairs Department IPRA Inspection of Public Records Act
LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NMED New Mexico Environment Department NPL National Priorities List
OIA Office of Indian Affairs OMA Open Meetings Act
PA Preliminary Assessment PIP Public Involvement Plan
RAB Restoration Advisory Board RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
SAC Strategic Air Command SARA Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act SNL Sandia National Laboratories
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd iv HGL 3/9/06 LIST OF ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS (continued)
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
VRP Voluntary Remediation Program
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd v HGL 3/9/06 DRAFT STATEWIDE PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN FOR FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITES IN NEW MEXICO
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)-Albuquerque District requested the assistance of HydroGeoLogic, Inc. (HGL) to develop and implement community outreach activities at formerly used defense sites (FUDS) located in New Mexico. As part of this project, the USACE- Albuquerque District developed a Statewide or General Public Involvement Plan (PIP) to serve as a “road map” for the USACE-Albuquerque District when planning outreach at FUDS in New Mexico, to encourage communication between the community surrounding FUDS property and the USACE-Albuquerque District, and to invite community input as decisions are made regarding a particular investigation at FUDS property. This General PIP will assist the USACE-Albuquerque District in planning, conducting, and structuring community outreach activities such as public information meetings for FUDS located in New Mexico.
The remainder of Section 1.0 presents background information on community outreach and discusses the overall goals associated with the community outreach program. Community demographic information for New Mexico is discussed in Section 2.0. Section 3.0 presents information about the other statutes that may be encountered when conducting FUDS activities. Specific community outreach activities as defined in guidance documents, along with techniques for these activities, are presented in Section 4.0. Section 5.0 provides a brief discussion of community outreach activities at military property in New Mexico. Appendices A, B, and C include respectively a list of parties that should be contacted in conducting community outreach activities, information about endangered species in New Mexico, and basic templates for some of the required community relations documents.
1.1 Background Community outreach for environmental investigations is based on the community right-to-know and public involvement provisions that were incorporated into the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), passed by Congress in 1980. In 1986, Congress amended CERCLA with the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA), which also authorized the creation of the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP). The FUDS component of DERP is managed and executed by the USACE under authority delegated by the Department of Defense (DOD) through the Department of the Army. SARA called for increased public participation during all phases of response actions and required the establishment of information repositories and administrative records for each FUDS project. President Clinton expanded this requirement by Executive Order 12898, which required that “all federal agencies” address environmental justice in minority and low-income populations.
Under DERP, the DOD has a policy for establishing restoration advisory boards (RABs) to review and comment on environmental restoration activities being conducted at military installations on FUDS properties. The USACE’s guidance for managing public participation for the FUDS program
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 1 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico is established in Engineer Pamphlet No. 1110-3-8, entitled Public Participation in the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS), hereafter referred to as EP 1110-3-8, and in Engineer Regulation No. 200-3-1, entitled Environmental Quality Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS) Program Policy, hereafter referred to as ER 200-3-1. As noted in ER 200-3-1, “public and community involvement activities are discussed in detail in EP 1110-3-8, and [are only] summarized” in ER 200-3-1.
The USACE’s guidance documents note that in order to ensure maximum public participation in the environmental restoration decision-making process, a formal public involvement plan, or PIP, needs to be developed prior to the site investigation phase of the CERCLA process. The guidance documents also state that the community involvement process, however, begins in the preliminary assessment phase of the CERCLA process. This involvement “is important to assess public attitudes toward potential contamination.”1 USACE policy also requires “that local and state officials and property owners are contacted at the beginning of the preliminary assessment.”2 Furthermore, the early coordination requirements discussed in Section 9.2 of ER 200-3-1 notes the communication with stakeholders, particularly any lead regulatory agency, at the earliest stages of the investigation process, helps to define a “common understanding of the project and closeout objectives.” Stakeholder involvement at the earliest stages promotes transparency and helps to establish credibility in USACE decision making and fosters trust in the agency. Consequently, an understanding of community outreach is necessary at the onset of any environmental investigation. As indicated in Figure 1, stakeholder interests can often be diametrically opposed, and may require different communication strategies.
Stakeholders, as defined in the guidance documents, include the following: residents of contaminated areas, users of a contaminated FUDS property, business persons affected by a contaminated FUDS property, political officials whose responsibilities include a contaminated FUDS property, Native American tribal governments dealing with contamination issues, State and Federal regulators, USACE personnel and contractors, and other persons whose interests include the safety and environmental issues associated with contaminated FUDS property. USACE personnel are uniquely qualified to tap into existing “channels” of communication to help position investigation findings. Any external communications should be developed in conjunction with the USACE’s Public Affairs Office to ensure that the message, along with any talking points, are consistent with the USACE’s external communication plan.
1.2 Goals of Community Relations and Public Outreach Programs
Community relations is the name the USACE often uses to identify the process for developing, implementing, and sustaining a dialog with communities associated with FUDS property. The main goal of a community relations program is to foster and maintain a climate of understanding and trust between stakeholders and USACE. The community relations program ensures that the
1 EP 1110-3-8 page 2-13 paragraph 2-7.a, ER 200-3-1 page 8-2
2 EP 1110-3-8 page 2-7 paragraph 2-5.a(2); ER 200-3-1 page 8-2 2-8, Table 2-1
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Filename: Stakeholder1.jpg Figure 1 Created: C. Farmer 04/05 Stakeholders
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 3 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico stakeholders understand that personal and property safety are primary concerns of FUDS response actions. The community relations program also keeps the stakeholders informed and provides an opportunity for them to review and comment on studies being conducted regarding contaminated FUDS property and on suggested remedial or removal response alternatives and decisions. Because each FUDS property and its surrounding communities are unique, there is not one single formula for developing a successful community relations program. Instead, a successful community relations program uses multiple strategies to ensure that community concerns and interests are factored into the decision making process.
It is important to always keep in mind some of the basic principles that contribute to a successful community relations program. For example, USACE officials should be available and accessible, in order to anticipate and respond to the fear, confusion, and concerns of the community. Accessibility increases the community’s familiarity with the USACE and will increase the community’s comfort level and reduce fear. Quick responses to community questions and concerns will build the community’s trust and confidence in the USACE and the overall cleanup strategy.
Responding slowly, or not at all, to community concerns will contribute to the community’s fear and lead to mistrust of the USACE. Along these same lines, USACE officials should always follow up with the community, so that it does not feel ignored. It goes without saying that Corps officials should never lie or be misleading to the community. If a community believes that USACE officials have been misleading, the affected community will question every decision made to cleanup the property. Furthermore, such actions erode a community’s trust and diminish the credibility for future activities, positive or negative.
A successful community relations program also bridges the cultural divide that can surround the USACE its policy’s and procedures, and the FUDS cleanup process. This document seeks to help the USACE-Albuquerque District’s personnel in developing site-specific community relations programs that are compliant with the relevant statutes, but that also allow the USACE to meet its site objectives while maintaining a positive image with the affected community.
1.3 FUDS and Risk Communication
Community involvement activities at sites listed on the National Priorities List (NPL) follow statutory requirements that specify what must occur and when. For non-NPL sites, community relations programs and activities typically vary for each site. In general, the level of public participation historically has varied by the severity of the contamination, interest of the community, and the willingness of a federal agency to involve the public in the cleanup process. The USACE faces unique challenges at each FUDS property. Site conditions can involve multiple different types of contaminants that may affect a site’s air, water, and soil. As the sites are “formerly used” military property, the contamination may have occurred years ago or could be explosive. Consequently, the USACE has adopted a programmed approach for communicating site risks at each phase of the investigation or clean up process. This approach is compliant with CERCLA and is outlined in the aforementioned documents.
By statute, two types of response actions are available to the USACE to address site risks—removal actions and remedial actions. Removal actions are typically short-term responses, and address risks such as unexploded ordnance posing acute risks to human health or the environment. Removal actions can be classified as either emergency, time critical, or non-time critical. Remedial actions are typically long-term responses that are designed to permanently and significantly reduce the risks
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 4 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico associated with the release of hazardous substances at a contaminated site. The type of communication activities vary with the threat posed by the contaminant and the type of response action required. A time-critical removal action of explosive waste, for example, requires a different level of public outreach than a remedial site investigation. Risk communication techniques as well as the FUDS process are discussed in Section 4.0. Currently, the USACE’s FUDSMIS database lists 243 projects for New Mexico. A detailed listing of each project is presented in Table 1.
Table 1 FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM000 1 SMR KID ELL INSTRUMENTATIO N SITE SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM000 6 ALAMOGORDO BOMB RNG OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM001 2 CAMP CODY LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM001 8 CAMP LUNA SAN MIGUEL, NEW MEXICO K06NM004 2 LOS ALAMOS DEM RANGE LOS ALAMOS, NEW MEXICO K06NM004 3 BAYO CANYON IMPACT AREA LOS ALAMOS, NEW MEXICO K06NM004 5 CONTINENTAL DIV AFS P-7 MCKINLEY, NEW MEXICO K06NM005 2 WALKER AFB CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM006 2 AF PLANT #83 BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 0 ALAMOGORDO AAF,RRS OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 1 ALBUQUERQUE AAF,SM AR BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 2 NG TARGET RANGE BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 3 GUADALUPE BOMB & GUN RGE EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 4 BRUNS GENERAL HOSP SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 6 CAMP WC REID RIFLE RANGE CURRY, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 7 CAMP WC REID ENG TRG BAT CURRY, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 8 CANADA SL STA #3 SITE SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM033 9 CANNON AFB OUTER MARK AX CURRY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 0 CAPILLO PEA MIC STA ASCEL TORRANCE, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 1 CARLSBAD AVIATON FUEL TER EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 2 CARLSBAD AAF EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 3 CARLSBAD AAF AUX FLD #1 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 4 CARLSBAD AAF AUX FLD #2 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 5 CARLSBAD AAF R/SNAKE EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 6 CARLSBAD PBR #1 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 7 CARLSBAD PBR #2 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 8 CARLSBAD PBR #3 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM034 9 CARLSBAD PBR #4 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 0 CARLSBAD PBR #5 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 1 CARLSBAD PBR #6 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 2 CARLSBAD PBR #7 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 3 CARLSBAD PBR #8 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 4 CARLSBAD PBR #9 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 5 CARLSBAD PBR #10 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 6 CARLSBAD PBR #11 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 7 CARLSBAD PBR #12 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 8 CARLSBAD PBR #13 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM035 9 CARLSBAD PBR #14 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 0 CARLSBAD PBR #15 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 1 CARLSBAD PBR #16 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 2 CARLSBAD PBR #17 EDDY, NEW MEXICO
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Table 1 (continued) FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM036 3 CARLSBAD PBR #18 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 4 CARLSBAD PBR #19 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 5 CARLSBAD PBR #20 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 6 CARLSBAD PBR #21 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 7 CARLSBAD PBR #22 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 8 CARLSBAD PBR #23 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM036 9 CARLSBAD PBR #24 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 0 CARLSBAD PBR #25 EDDY, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 1 CARLSBAD PBR #26 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 2 CLOVIS AFB RAD BEA AX CURRY, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 3 CLO AFB NARA VI PBR #1 QUAY, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 4 CLOVIS PBR #1 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 5 CLOVIS PBR #3 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 6 CLOVIS PBR #4 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 7 CLOVIS PBR #5 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM037 8 COLUMBUS GAP FIL AX M95G LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 0 DEMING AAF LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 1 DEMING AAF SO AUX FLD #1 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 2 DEMING AAF CEN AUX FLD #2 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 3 DEMING AAF AUX FLD #3 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 4 DEMING AAF AUX FLD #4 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 5 DEMING AAF PBR #1 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 6 DEMING AAF PBR #2 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 7 DEMING AAF PBR #3 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 8 DEMING AAF PBR #4 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM038 9 DEMING AAF PBR #5 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 0 DEMING AAF PBR #6 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 1 DEMING AAF PBR #7 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 2 DEMING AAF PBR #8 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 3 DEMING AAF PBR #9 DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 4 DEMING AAF PBR #10 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 5 DEMING AAF PBR #11 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 6 DEMING AAF PBR #12 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 7 DEMING AAF PBR #13 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 8 DEMING AAF PBR #14 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM039 9 DEMING AAF PBR #15 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 1 DEMING AAF PBR #16 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 2 DEMING AAF PBR #17 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 4 DEMING AAF PBR #18 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 5 DEMING AAF PBR #19 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 6 DEMING AAF PBR #20 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 7 DEMING AAF PBR #21 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 8 DEMING AAF PBR #22 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM040 9 DEMING AAF PBR #23 LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM041 0 DEMING AAF PBR #24 SIERRA, NEW MEXICO K06NM041 1 FORT BAYARD GRANT, NEW MEXICO K06NM041 7 FORT MARCY SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO K06NM041 8 FORT SELDEN DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM041 9 FORT STANTON LINCOLN, NEW MEXICO
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Table 1 (continued) FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM042 0 FORT SUMNER AAF DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 1 FORT SUMNER AAF #A3 DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 2 FORT SUMNER AAF #A5 DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 3 FORT SUMNER RRS DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 4 FORT SUMNER AIR TO GGR DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 5 FORT WINGATE MCKINLEY, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 6 GAGE GAP FIL AX M95C LUNA, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 7 HOL AFB BEA CON AX OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 8 HOL AFB CLO STA TRA AX OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM042 9 HAFB RUIDOSO REST CAMP LINCOLN, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 0 HAFB FOUR BITS AX OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 1 HAFB INST SITE SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 2 HAFB UPPER ARC OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 3 HOBBS AFB LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 4 HOBBS AFB AUX FLD #4 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 6 HOBBS PBR #6 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 7 HOBBS PBR #7 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 8 HOBBS PBR #10 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM043 9 HOBBS PBR #12 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 0 HOBBS PBR #14 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 1 HOBBS PBR #15 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 2 HOBBS PBR #16 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 3 HOBBS PBR #21 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 5 KIRTLAND AFB PBR N1 N3 BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 6 KIRTLAND AFB BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 7 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S10 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 8 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S-11 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM044 9 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S-12 VALENCIA, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 0 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S-13 CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 1 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S-14 CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 2 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #S-15 CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 3 KIRTLAND AFB DEM BOMB RGE CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 4 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N-8 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 5 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N-9 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 6 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N-10 BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 7 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N-12 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 8 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N13 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM045 9 KIRTLAND AFB PBR #N-14 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 0 KIRTLAND AFB FM RAD AX BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 1 KIRTLAND AFB EME FIELD #1 BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 2 KIWANIS CAB MIC STA ASCEL BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 3 LAS CRUCES AFS M-95 DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 4 LIN CO NG TARGET RANGE LINCOLN, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 5 LORDSBURG AIRPORT HIDALGO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 6 LORDSBURG POW CAMP HIDALGO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 8 'M' MOUNTAIN SLAVE STA SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM046 9 MORIARTY AFS P-51 TORRANCE, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 0 ST NAZAIRE PBR #5 UNION, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 1 SANDIA BASE ACWI P-41 BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO
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Table 1 (continued) FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM047 2 SANDIA BASE, BELEN COMM F VALENCIA, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 3 SANTA ROSA GAP FIL AX GUADALUPE, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 4 SIERRA BLANCA GFA K06NM047 5 S MESA MAS SLA STA SITE BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 6 TIERRA AMARILLA AFS P-8 RIO ARRIBA, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 7 USAR CENTER, LAS VEGAS SAN MIGUEL, NEW MEXICO K06NM047 9 WAFB FAC SITE #1 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 0 WAFB FAC SITE #2 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 1 WAFB FAC SITE #3 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 2 WAFB FAC SITE #4 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 3 WAFB FAC SITE #5 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 4 WAFB FAC SITE #6 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 5 WAFB FAC SITE #7 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 6 WAFB FAC SITE #8 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 7 WAFB FAC SITE #9 LINCOLN, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 8 WAFB FAC SITE #10 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM048 9 WAFB FAC SITE #11 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 0 WAFB FAC SITE #12 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 2 WAFB SM ARMS AX CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 3 WAFB ROSWELL POW CAMP CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 4 WAFB ROSWELL AUX FLD #2 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 6 WAFB ROSWELL AUX FLD #4 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 7 WAFB RAD BEACON AX CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 8 WAFB TVOR ANNEX CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM049 9 WAFB DEM BOMB RGE #35 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 1 WAFB ROSWELL S-10 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 2 WAFB REC ANNEX CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 3 WAFB AFTAG FACILITY CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 4 WAFB DEF AR NIKE BAT WA10 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 5 WAFB DEF AR NIKE BAT WA50 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 6 WAFB ROSWELL S-11 PBR #1 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 7 WAFB ROSWELL S-8 PBR #4 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 8 WAFB ROSWELL S-9 PBR #5 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM050 9 WAFB ROSWELL S-6 PBR #6 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 0 WAFB ROSWELL S-7 PBR #7 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 1 WAFB ROSWELL N-7 PBR #8 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 2 WAFB ROSWELL N-9 PBR #9 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 3 WAFB ROSWELL N-10 PBR #10 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 4 WAFB ROSWELL N-8 PBR #11 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 5 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #12 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 6 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #13 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 7 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #14 LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 8 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #16 ROOSEVELT, NEW MEXICO K06NM051 9 WAFB ROSWELL N-1 PBR #17 DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 0 WAFB ROSWELL N-2 PBR #19 DE BACA, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 1 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #21 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 2 WAFB ROSWELL PBR #22 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 3 WAFB ROSWELL S-12 PBR #25 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 4 WAFB ROSWELL N-12 PBR #27 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO
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Table 1 (continued) FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM052 5 WAFB ROSWELL N-11 PBR #28 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 6 WAFB ROSWELL S-17 PBR #32 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 7 WAFB ROSWELL S-14 PBR #33 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 8 WAFB ROSWELL S-18 PBR #34 CHAVES, NEW MEXICO K06NM052 9 WEST MESA AFS BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 0 WSMR AMSA REC ANT SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 1 WSMR ARPAT INS SITE SIERRA, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 2 WSMR CAPITAN HEL #100 LINCOLN, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 3 WSMR CAP HELIPORT #200 OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 4 WSMR BMTS INS SITE DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 5 WSMR DAV INST SITE CATRON, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 6 WSMR LONG RIDGE INS SITE OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 7 WSMR SKUP INST SITE CATRON, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 8 WSMR SOLITAIRE INS SITE OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM053 9 WSMR TURQ. INST SITE OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM054 0 WSMR TRES PIE INST SITE TAOS, NEW MEXICO K06NM054 1 WSMR WINGATE TEST SITE MCKINLEY, NEW MEXICO K06NM054 2 ZUNI GAP FIL AX M94B MCKINLEY, NEW MEXICO K06NM055 7 KARR CANYON ANX OTERO, NEW MEXICO K06NM055 8 LAS CRUCES WASTE ANX NO 1 DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM055 9 LAS CRUCES WASTE ANX NO 2 DONA ANA, NEW MEXICO K06NM056 5 ROSE PEAK INST ANX SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM056 6 TWIN BUTTE INST ANX SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM056 7 LAMA INST ANX SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM056 8 RED BUTTE INST ANX SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM056 9 CONTINENTAL DIV WASTE #2 MCKINLEY, NEW MEXICO K06NM057 4 MORIARTY WASTE ANNEX TORRANCE, NEW MEXICO K06NM057 6 WEST MESA WASTE ANX BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM057 7 KIRTLAND RADIATION ANX CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM057 8 KIRTLAND SHOCK TUBE T/ANX CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM057 9 KIRTLAND LAS TEST ANX CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO K06NM058 3 CLOVIS SM ARMS RGE ANX CURRY, NEW MEXICO K06NM058 4 DATIL INST ANNEX CATRON, NEW MEXICO K06NM059 9 REESE AF BASE HOBB MUN AP LEA, NEW MEXICO K06NM060 9 FT. BLISS NAT'L CEMETA INSTALLATION NOT IN A COUNTY K06NM061 1 PBR-2 TARGET N-5 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 2 KIRTLAND PBR 3, TRGT N-6 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 3 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 4 TRGT N-7 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 4 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 8 TRGT N-11 SANDOVAL, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 5 LOS LUNAS AIRFORCE RANGE VALENCIA, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 6 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 15, TRGT S-2 VALENCIA, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 7 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 16 TRGT S-3 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 8 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 17, TRGT S-4 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM061 9 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 18, TRGT S-5 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 0 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 19 TRGT S-6 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 1 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 20 TRGT S-7 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 2 KIRTLAND AFB PBR 21 TRGT S-8 VALENCIA, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 3 KAFB PBR 22 TRGT S-9 SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 4 PADDY AUXILLARY LANDING FIELD S-1 CIBOLA, NEW MEXICO
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Table 1 (continued) FUDS in New Mexico
Property Number Property Name County K06NM062 5 LANDING FIELD A-2 SF SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 6 KIRTLAND AFB LANDING FIELD A-3 LV SAN MIGUEL, NEW MEXICO K06NM062 7 KIRTLAND AFB LANDING FIELD A-4 SOCO SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO K06NM063 1 ISLETA PUEBLO ORDNEW YORKCE IMPACT AREA BERNALILLO, NEW MEXICO K06NM063 3 CAMP FURLONG K06NM063 4 CAMP HERMANAS
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2.0 NEW MEXICO COMMUNITY PROFILE
Before engaging in a public outreach program it is important to understand the historical, legal, and socioeconomic background of the state. This section provides an overview of the state’s history, its governmental structure, and its demographic profile.
The State of New Mexico covers a land area of 121,356 square miles, and supports a population of 1,903,289, according to a 2004 U.S. Department of Commerce Census Bureau estimate. The predominant ethnic group in the state is Caucasian, followed by Hispanic or Latino and American Indian. The median household income in the state was approximately $34,133. According to the 2000 census, 18.4 percent of the population lives at or below the poverty line (defined as $18,400 for a family of four). Education levels in the state are slightly lower than those for the rest of the country. Seventy-eight percent of the population has completed high school (compared to a national level of 80.4 percent), and 23.5 percent has obtained a bachelor’s degree (compared to a national level of 24.4 percent).
2.1 State History
For the purpose of this report, the history of New Mexico has been subdivided into 5 unique periods and has been prepared using publicly available information.
2.1.1 Native American Pueblos
Prehistoric Native Americans used the land and minerals of New Mexico to build an early southwestern culture millennia ago. Prehistoric Native American ruins indicate a presence at modern Santa Fe. Caves in the Sandia Mountains near Albuquerque contain the remains of some of the earliest inhabitants of the “new world.” The Pueblo people, as they are known today, built a flourishing sedentary culture in the 1200s, constructing small towns in the valley of the Rio Grande and pueblos nearby.
The Spanish encountered the Pueblo civilization in the 1500s. Word of these pueblos reached Cabeza de Vaca, a Spaniard who survived a shipwreck on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, while wandering across southern New Mexico with his companion Estabanico in 1528–1536. Fray Marcos de Niza enthusiastically identified the pueblos as the fabulously rich Seven Cities of Cíbola, the fabled seven cities of gold. Dispatched from New Spain, the conquistador Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led a full-scale expedition to find these cities between 1540 and 1542. In 1541, Coronado camped near an excavated pueblo today preserved as Coronado State Monument. His maltreatment of the Pueblo people while exploring the upper Rio Grande valley led to hostility that impeded the Spanish conquest of New Mexico.
Based on current population numbers, the three largest pueblos in New Mexico are the Zuni, Laguna, and Santo Domingo pueblos.
2.1.2 Spanish Colonization
Juan de Oñate founded the San Juan colony on the Rio Grande in 1598, the first European settlement in the future state of New Mexico. Oñate pioneered El Camino Real, “The Royal Road,” as a 700 mile lifeline from New Spain, later known as Mexico, to his remote colony. Oñate was made the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 11 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico first governor of the new Province of New Mexico. The Native Americans at Acoma revolted against this Spanish encroachment but faced severe suppression.
In 1609, Pedro de Peralta, a later governor of the Province of New Mexico, established the settlement of Santa Fe at the foot of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. As the seat of government of New Mexico since its founding, Santa Fe is the oldest capital city in the United States. Peralta built the Palace of Governors in 1610. Although the colony failed to prosper, some missions flourished. Spanish settlers arrived at the site of Albuquerque in the mid-1600s. Missionaries attempted to convert the natives to Christianity but had little success. The Apache revolted violently in 1676, and the Pueblo uprising of 1680 drove the Spanish to abandon northern New Mexico until the campaign of Diego de Vargas Zapata reestablished Spanish control and returned Spanish colonists in 1692.
While developing Santa Fe as a trade center, the returning settlers founded the old town of Albuquerque in 1706, named for the viceroy of New Spain, the Duke of Alburquerque. Prior to its founding Albuquerque consisted of several haciendas and communities along the lower Rio Grande. The thorough development of ranching and some farming in the 1700s laid the foundations for the state’s still-flourishing Hispanic culture.
2.1.3 Mexican Province
Napoleon Bonaparte of France sold the vast Louisiana Purchase, which extended into the northeastern corner of New Mexico, to the United States in 1803. As a part of New Spain, the remainder of the province of New Mexico passed to independent Mexico following the 1810–1821 Mexican War of Independence.
Small trapping parties from the United States had previously reached Santa Fe, but the Spanish rulers forbade them to trade. Trader William Becknell returned to the United States in November 1821 with news that independent Mexico welcomed trade through Santa Fe.
Becknell left Independence, Missouri, for Santa Fe early in 1822 with the first party of traders. Wagon caravans thereafter made the 40- to 60-day annual trek along the 780 mile Santa Fe Trail, usually leaving in early summer and returning after a 4 to 5 week stay in New Mexico. The Trail divided into Mountain and Cimarron Divisions southwest of Dodge City, Kansas. The rugged Mountain Division passed over Raton Pass and rejoined the more direct Cimarron Division near Fort Union, New Mexico. The dry southern Cimmaron route offered poor short grass and little wildlife. The Santa Fe National Historic Trail follows the route of the old trail, with many sites marked or restored.
American frontiersman Christopher “Kit” Carson, apprenticed to a saddler in the Santa Fe Trail outfitting point of Old Franklin, ran away from his job in 1826. He joined a caravan for Santa Fe, and made Taos his home and headquarters as he made a living as a teamster, cook, guide, and hunter for exploring parties until 1840.
The breakaway Republic of Texas claimed the territory north and east of the Rio Grande when it seceded from Mexico in 1836. New Mexico authorities captured a group of Texans who embarked on an expedition to assert their claim to the province in 1841.
2.1.4 American Territory
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American General Stephen W. Kearny marched down the Santa Fe Trail and entered Santa Fe without opposition in 1846 during the Mexican-American War, and his forces occupied the city. This made New Mexico, which included present-day Arizona, a captive United States territory. Kearny asserted that his occupation was only of the eastern part of New Mexico (Texas, annexed by the United States in 1845, claimed all land on its side of the Rio Grande). He also protected citizens under martial law by the Kearny Code, essentially Kearny’s promise that religious and legal conditions would not be disrupted by the United States. Though the reality of occupation soon included western New Mexico, the Kearny Code became one of the bases of New Mexico’s legal code during its territorial period, the longest in United States history.
While Kearny’s entrance into New Mexico was relatively peaceful, the region did not remain that way. According to U.S. wartime strategy, General Kearny continued on to California guided by Kit Carson, but leaving an occupying force behind. After Kearny’s departure, a rebellion broke out in the town and pueblo of Taos. Taos Indians killed Governor Charles Bent and all but two Americans in the town on January 19, 1847. Retaliating quickly, a U.S. detachment under Colonel Sterling Price marched on Taos, attacked the town, and concentrated cannon fire upon the church, the center of the insurgency, resulting in the deaths of 150 insurgents and the capture of some 400 more. Six leaders were arraigned and, on February 9, hanged for their role in the Taos Revolt. A series of skirmishes between mountain-based rebels and U.S. forces continued well into 1847, with casualties totaling more than 300 rebels and thirty “Anglos,” as Americans were often called.
Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848, Mexico ceded much of its northern holdings, today known as the American Southwest, to the United States of America in exchange for an end to hostilities and $15 million, plus the assumption of slightly more than $3 million in outstanding Mexican debts. New Mexico, the name given to the territory between Texas and California, was to quickly become a state according to the treaty, but the U.S. Senate unilaterally amended that provision during ratification proceedings. The Senate also struck out Article X of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which assured that land grants authorized by the Mexican Government would be recognized and protected by the U.S. Government. The decision to strike down Article X remains a controversial one, especially in some of the region’s Hispanic communities, as it eventually led to millions of acres of land, timber, and water being removed from Mexican-issued land grants and placed in the public domain. Spanish-issued land grants, including those made to the Pueblos, have survived acquisition attempts.
The Compromise of 1850 halted a bid for statehood under an antislavery constitution. Texas transferred eastern New Mexico to the federal government, settling a lengthy boundary dispute. Under the compromise, the American government established the New Mexico Territory on September 9, 1850. The territory, which included Arizona and parts of Colorado, officially established its capital at Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1851. The people of New Mexico would determine whether to permit slavery under a constitution at statehood, but the status of slavery during the territorial period provoked considerable debate. Some, including Stephen A. Douglas, maintained that the territory could not restrict slavery, as under the earlier Missouri Compromise, while others, including Abraham Lincoln, insisted that older Mexican legal traditions, which forbade slavery, took precedence. Regardless of its status, slavery never took a significant hold.
Native American plundering led Kit Carson to abandon his intent to retire to a sheep ranch near Taos. Carson accepted an 1853 appointment as U.S. Indian agent with a headquarters at Taos, and fought the Indians with notable success.
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The U.S. Government acquired the southwestern boot heel of the state and much of southern Arizona in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. With this purchase, the U.S. Government established its sovereignty over all of the present state of New Mexico.
During the American Civil War, Confederate troops from Texas first occupied southern New Mexico. Union troops re-captured the territory in early 1862. Kit Carson helped to organize and command the 1st New Mexican Volunteers to engage in campaigns against the Apache, Navajo, and Comanche in New Mexico and Texas, as well as participating in the Battle of Valverde against the Confederates. The Arizona Territory split as a separate entity in 1863. Confederate troops withdrew after the Battle of Glorieta Pass where Union regulars, Colorado Volunteers known as the Pikes Peakers, and New Mexican Volunteers defeated them.
The Roman Catholic Church established an archbishopric center in Santa Fe in 1875. The Santa Fe Railroad reached Lamy, New Mexico, 16 miles from Santa Fe in 1879 and Santa Fe itself in 1880, replacing the storied Santa Fe Trail. The new town of Albuquerque was platted in 1880 as the Santa Fe Railroad extended westward.
The railway encouraged the great cattle boom of the 1880s and the development of accompanying cow towns. Cattlemen feuded between each other and with authorities, most notably in the Lincoln County War. The cattle kingdom could not keep out sheepherders, and eventually homesteaders and squatters overwhelmed the cattlemen by fencing in and plowing under the "sea of grass" on which the cattle fed. Conflicting land claims led to bitter quarrels among the original Spanish inhabitants, cattle ranchers, and newer homesteaders. Despite destructive overgrazing, ranching survived as a mainstay of the New Mexican economy.
Conflict with the Apache and the Navajo plagued the territory until the well-known Apache chief, Geronimo, finally surrendered in 1886. In 1889, the city of Albuquerque was incorporated.
2.1.5 Statehood
Congress admitted New Mexico as the 47th state in the Union on January 6, 1912. The admission of the neighboring State of Arizona on February 14, 1912 completed the contiguous 48 states.
During World War II, the U.S. military built several facilities in New Mexico. Two of the most well-known facilities—Los Alamos Research Center and the White Sands Proving Grounds—are generally associated with the development of the atomic bomb. Fifteen army airfields and numerous bombing ranges were constructed during this period. Albuquerque expanded rapidly after World War II and the state became a leader in nuclear, solar, and geothermal energy research.
2.2 Government Structure
At the federal level, there are three representatives from New Mexico in the U.S. House of Representatives, and two senators in the U.S. Senate. Representatives serve for 2 year terms, and elections are held every 2 years. Senators serve for 6 year terms, and elections are staggered so that the terms of office for one-third of the members of the entire U.S. Senate will expire every 2 years. New Mexico contains 33 counties, and the state capital is located in Santa Fe. The state is governed by a Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, and the state legislature, which includes the 70 members of the State House of Representatives and 42 members of the State Senate. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, and State Senators serve for 4 year terms, and
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 14 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico elections for these offices occur every 4 years. Representatives in the State House of Representatives serve for 2 year terms, and elections occur every 2 years. The names and addresses of these local officials are provided in Appendix A.
2.3 Demographics
2.3.1 Ethnicity
According to the 2000 Census, American Indian and Alaska Native tribes total approximately 10 percent of New Mexico’s population, at 173,483 individuals.3 While there are hundreds of distinct tribes, pueblos, and nations represented in the state, only 22 are recognized by the federal government. The state also has 38 federally recognized Indian reservations. It is important to note that citizens belonging to a federally recognized tribe, pueblo or nation, and/or living on a federally recognized Indian reservation may be subject to tribal regulations that differ federal, state, and/or local regulations. Table 2 lists the federally recognized tribes in New Mexico and their populations as reported in the 2000 census.
3 The Census Bureau organizes American Indians and Alaska Natives in the same category when conducting the Census.
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Table 2 Federally Recognized Tribes, Pueblos, and Nations in New Mexico
Tribe, Pueblo or Nation Population
Apache Jicarilla Apache Nation 2,729 Mescalero Apache Tribe 3,180
Navajo Nation4 106,807
Acoma Pueblo 3,689
Cochiti Pueblo 915
Isleta Pueblo 3,472
Jemez Pueblo 2,364
Laguna Pueblo 5,490
Nambe Pueblo 496
Picuris Pueblo 208
Pojoaque Pueblo 195
San Felipe Pueblo 2,616
San Ildefonso Pueblo 472
San Juan Pueblo 178
Sandia Pueblo 375
Santa Ana Pueblo 553
Santa Clara Pueblo 1,095
Santa Domingo Pueblo 3,604
Taos Pueblo 1,718
Tesuque Pueblo 367
Zia Pueblo 853
Zuni Pueblo 8,579
4 The Navajo Nation is the name of the Native American nation established by the Dinè. The Navajo Indian Reservation is primarily located in northern Arizona, however, this reservation extends into New Mexico and Utah. Because the Navajo Nation encompasses land in three states, its Division of Economic Development extracts census data for the Navajo Nation as a whole and then submits this data to the New Mexico State Census Board.
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2.3.2 Economics/Labor
According to a quarterly census conducted by the New Mexico Department of Labor, in the first quarter of 2005, the educational services, food services, and professional services industries employ the greatest number of people in the state, averaging 80,430, 60,527, and 43,077 employees, respectively. The average weekly salaries for these industries are $582, $216, and $985. The industries that pay the highest salaries are the oil extraction, pipeline transportation, and petroleum products manufacturing. The average weekly salaries for these industries are $1,476, $1,447, and $1,403, respectively. The average number of employees for these industries are 3,362, 3,683, and 619 employees.
The Federal Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates that New Mexico’s total state product in 2003 was $57 billion. Per-capita personal income in 2003 was $24,995, which ranked 48th in the nation.
Cattle and dairy products top the list of major animal products of New Mexico. Cattle, sheep, and other livestock graze over most of the arable land of the state throughout the year.
Limited but scientifically controlled dryland farming prospers alongside cattle ranching. Major crops include hay, nursery stock, pecans, and chile peppers. Hay and sorghum top the list of major dryland crops. Farmers also produce onions, potatoes, and dairy products. New Mexico specialty crops include piñon nuts, pinto beans, and chiles.
In the desert and semiarid portions of the state, the scant rainfall evaporates rapidly, generally leaving insufficient water supplies for large-scale irrigation. The Carlsbad and Fort Sumner reclamation projects on the Pecos River and the nearby Tucumcari project provide adequate water for limited irrigation in those areas. Located upstream of Las Cruces, the Elephant Butte Dam and Reservoir provides a major irrigation source for the extensive farming along the Rio Grande. Other irrigation projects use the Colorado River basin and the San Juan River.
Lumber mills in Albuquerque process pinewood, the chief commercial wood of the rich timber economy of northern New Mexico.
The people of New Mexico derive much of their income from mineral extraction. Even before European exploration, Native Americans mined turquoise for making jewelry, and later silver. New Mexico produces uranium ore, manganese ore, potash, salt, perlite, copper ore, beryllium, and tin concentrates. Natural gas, petroleum, and coal are also found in smaller quantities.
Industrial outputs, centered around Albuquerque, include electric equipment; petroleum and coal products; food processing; printing and publishing; and stone, glass, and clay products. Defense-related industries include ordnance. Important high-technology industries include lasers, data processing, and solar energy.
Federal government spending is a major driver of the New Mexico economy; and provides more than a quarter of the state’s jobs. Many of the federal jobs relate to the military. The state is home to three air force bases—Kirtland Air Force Base (AFB), Holloman AFB, and Cannon AFB-a testing range known as the White Sands Missile Range, an army proving ground and maneuver range on the Fort Bliss Military Reservation, national observatories, and the technology laboratories at Los Alamos and Sandia. The Sandia National Laboratory conducts electronic and industrial research next to Kirtland AFB, on the southeast side of Albuquerque. In addition to the military employers,
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 17 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico other federal agencies such as the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management are a big part of the state’s rural employment base.
Virgin Galactic, the first company to develop commercial flights into space, has decided to put its world headquarters and mission control in southern New Mexico. This facility is located 25 miles south of Truth or Consequences.
According to the New Mexico Department of Labor’s Economic Analysis and Research Bureau, the private service economy in urban New Mexico has boomed in recent decades.
The Economic Analysis and Research Bureau has divided the state into four regions, which is presented in Figure 2 below. The largest employers for each of these four regions also are presented below.
Largest employers (Not ranked by size) • Northern • College of Santa Fe • Boy Scouts of America • U.S. Bureau of Land Management • Mesa Air Group • Navajo Nation • Los Alamos National Laboratory • Central • PNM Resources and PNM Electric & Gas Services • Presbyterian Health Plan • Sandia National Laboratories • Intel • University of New Mexico • New Mexico State Government • Eastern • Albertson’s Supermarket • Kmart Corporation • U.S. Postal Service • Wal-Mart Figure 2 • Navajo Refining Company Four Economic Regions of New Mexico • U.S. National Park Service • Allsup’s Convenience Stores • Southwestern • Immigration and Naturalization Service • Lockheed Engineering and Sciences • New Mexico State University • Lovelace Healthcare • Pepsi Cola Bottling • New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology • U.S. Army (Fort Bliss)
Since the end of World War II, Albuquerque, the state’s largest city, has gained an ever-growing number of retirees, especially among armed forces veterans and government workers. The city is also increasingly gaining notoriety as a health conscious community, and contains many hospitals
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3.0 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
As noted previously, the requirements for the USACE’s community relations activities derive from CERCLA and SARA and the establishment of DERP under Section 211 of SARA. When conducting environmental investigations in New Mexico, however, other federal, tribal, and state statutes may become applicable. If, for example, work is conducted on Native American property, then the Federal Antiquities Act must be considered. The following subsections present information about federal, tribal, and state statutes that may be applicable when developing a community relations program.
3.1 FEDERAL HAZARDOUS SITE CLEANUP LAWS AND REGULATIONS
In addition to the provisions established in CERCLA and SARA, there are other statutes that contain public relations components and obligations, including the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the Endangered Species Act, and the Historic Preservation Act. These statutes address unique situations that are not covered under CERCLA or SARA.
3.1.1 CERCLA and SARA
Superfund is the common name for the federal law that governs cleanup of hazardous waste sites. The law was enacted in 1980 as CERCLA. The law was later amended in 1986 by SARA.
Superfund created a tax on petroleum and chemical industries and provided broad federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances that may endanger public health or the environment. The law also established prohibitions and requirements concerning closed and abandoned hazardous waste sites, and established the liability of persons responsible for releases of hazardous waste at these sites. When no responsible party can be identified, cleanup is peformed by the government through a trust fund established by the tax revenue.
Section 211 of SARA established the Defense Environmental Restoration Program, also known as DERP. The program gives the DOD the authority, responsibility, and funding mechanisms for environmental restoration at military facilities that include active facilities and formerly used military installations. The goal of the DERP is to identify, investigate, research and develop, and cleanup contamination from hazardous substances and pollutants; correct other environmental damage which creates an imminent and substantial endangerment to the public health or environment; and demolish and remove unsafe buildings and structures. SARA also includes procedures for increased public participation during all phases of response actions and requires the establishment of information repositories and Administrative Records.
Executive Order 12898 and its amendment, Executive Order 12948, expanded on the public participation requirements in SARA. These Executive Orders directed all federal agencies to develop environmental justice strategies that identify and address disproportionally high and adverse human health or environmental effects of an agency’s programs, policies, and activities on minority or low-income populations. One of the main objectives of these Executive Orders was to “ensure greater public participation” in environmental decision making; consequently, agencies were directed to integrate environmental justice into their missions.
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Under DERP, the DOD is responsible for environmental restoration of properties that were formerly owned by, leased to, or otherwise possessed by the United States and under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Defense. Such properties are known as Formerly Used Defense Sites, or FUDS. The U.S. Army is the executive agent for the FUDS program and the USACE is the organization that manages and directs the program’s administration.
One of the objectives of the FUDS program is to reduce the risk to human health and the environment through the implementation of effective, legally compliant, and cost-effective response actions, and to put into place final remedies when the situation warrants. These include:
• Detecting, removing, and disposing of chemical warfare materials, ordnance, and explosives;
• Identifying, investigating, and cleaning up hazardous, toxic, and radioactive contamination that are a result of DOD’s use of the land; and
• Demolishing and removing unsafe buildings, structures, and debris resulting from past DOD operations. Superfund established two kinds of response actions to address site contamination. Remedial actions, which are generally long-term response actions, permanently and significantly reduce the risks associated with releases or threats of releases of hazardous substances that are serious but lack the time-criticality of a removal action. Removal actions, typically short-term response actions, may be taken to address releases or threatened releases requiring prompt response. DOD removal actions are often associated with munitions of explosive concern which are posing acute risks to human health or the environment.
To comply with CERCLA and other environmental statutes, the USACE has adopted a multi- phase investigative approach that allows the agency to investigate a FUDS property in an efficient and cost-effective manner. The five investigation phases, as they are defined in ER 200-3-1, are presented below. Each investigation phase includes public outreach activities that can assist the USACE with achieving cleanup goals while involving the public in the decision-making process.
Each FUDS project may have as many as five major investigation phases–inventory, remedial preliminary assessment, remedial site inspection, remedial investigation/feasibility study, and removal. The types of activities associated with each phase are described below:
• Inventory: This phase includes searches of real estate records to verify previous DOD ownership or usage and to determine if the property is eligible for FUDS. Potential problems and concerns are also evaluated and identified. The findings are presented in an Inventory Project Report.
• Remedial Preliminary Assessment (PA): The remedial PA phase consists of collecting readily available property information and conducting a property visit. A remedial PA is made to assess the need for cleanup and to estimate the severity of the problem.
• Remedial Site Inspection: This phase includes visiting the property to confirm the existence of the problems identified in the remedial PA. Additional collection of
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site-specific data, identification of hazardous substances or pollutants and contaminants, and limited environmental investigations are performed.
• Remedial Investigation (RI)/Feasibility Study (FS): This phase includes conducting a remedial investigation to characterize the nature and threat posed by the hazardous substances and/or military munitions identified during the site inspection, and gathering data necessary to assess the extent to which the release poses a threat to human health, safety, or the environment. A feasibility study is conducted to ensure appropriate remedial alternatives are developed and evaluated, and an appropriate remedy is selected.
• Removal: This phase consists of developing the engineering design and performing the necessary action to remove hazardous substances and military munitions. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) categorizes removal actions in three ways: emergency, time-critical, and non-time-critical. The factors determining when an action must be initiated include the urgency and threat of release or potential release, and the impact of the material that may be released.
Tables 3 and 4 present information about the types of outreach activities that are prescribed in the USACE environmental guidance documents.
3.1.2 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
When conducting petroleum-related responses, they are excluded from CERCLA. Underground storage tank removals and other petroleum-related responses fall under RCRA, which contains public relations and community right-to-know requirements.
RCRA was enacted in 1976, and gave the EPA the authority to control hazardous waste through the issuance of permits from its generation to its disposal. This permitting authority includes the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. The Federal Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984, among other changes, instituted a comprehensive underground storage tank program within RCRA.
RCRA contains provisions for hazardous waste management in land owned by Native Americans. 42 USC § 6908a addresses agreements with Native American tribes. The Section authorizes the EPA to enter into “assistance and agreements with Federally recognized Indian tribes” for the development and implementation of programs to manage hazardous waste, and underground storage tanks. Before any underground storage tank removals are planned in lands owned by Native American tribes, DOD should meet with tribal officials to determine if any underground storage tank programs have been enacted under RCRA.
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Table 3 Community Relations Activities for Remedial Responses
Remedial Response Phases PA SI Pre- RI FS Proposed Pre- ROD Remedial Community Relations RI Plan ROD Design, Activities Remedial Action, and O&M Contact State and Local D R R R D D Officials News Release D D D D D D Workshops D D D Community Interviews R R Community Relations Plan R R R R R R R R Determine need for R Restoration Advisory Board Initiate and Maintain the R R R R R R R R D Administrative Record Establish Information R R R R R R R Repository and Inform Public Publicize Technical Assistance Grants and Other R Technical Assistance Opportunities Fact Sheets D D D D D R R Public Notice R R R Public Meeting R Public Comment Period (30- R 60 Days) Responsiveness Summary R Second Comment Period (30- R 60 Days) Revise Community Relations R R R R R R R Plan Table Notes: PA - Preliminary Assessment ROD - Record of Decision SI - Site Inspection O&M - Operation and Maintenance RI - Remedial Investigation R - Required Activity FS - Feasibility Study D - Desirable Activity
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Table 4 Community Relations Activities for Removal Responses
Removal Response Phases Community PA SI EE/CA EE/CA Action RD RA O&M Closeout Relations Activities Approval Memo Memo Contact State and Local D R R R R D D D D Officials News Release D D D R R D R D Workshops D D D D D Community Interviews D R R D Community Relations R R R R R R R Plan Determine need for Restoration Advisory R Board Initiate and Maintain the R R R R R D D D D Administrative Record Establish Information Repository and Inform R R R R R D D D D Public Publicize Technical Assistance Grants and R Other Technical Assistance Opportunities Fact Sheets D D D D D D D R Public Notice R R Public Meeting R D D Public Comment Period R (30-60 Days) Responsiveness R R Summary Revise Community R R R R R Relations Plan Table Notes:
PA - Preliminary Assessment RA - Removal Action SI - Site Inspection O&M - Operation and Maintenance EE/CA - Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis R - Required Activity RD - Removal Design D - Desirable Activity
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RCRA also contains its own set of community relations provisions. 42 USC § 6974b addresses public participation. Before the issuing of a permit to any person “with any respect to any facility for the treatment, storage, or disposal of hazardous wastes” the EPA is required to publish in major local newspapers and broadcast over local radio stations notice of the agency’s intention to issue the permit, and “transmit in writing notice of the agency’s intention to issue such permit to each unit of local government having jurisdiction over the area in which such facility is proposed to be located and to each State agency having any authority under State law with respect to the construction or operation of such facility.” The public has 45 days to object to the issuance of the permit and request a public hearing. If the public hearing is requested, the EPA “shall schedule such hearing at a location convenient to the nearest population center to such proposed facility and give notice in [newspapers and broadcast over local radio] of the date, time, and subject matter of such hearing.”
3.1.3 Endangered Species Act
New Mexico is home to 33 endangered animal and 13 endangered plant species listed on the national list. A full list of species of concern can be found in Appendix B of this report. This appendix is included as a guide to determine whether the Endangered Species Act will apply for projects at FUDS in New Mexico. The Endangered Species Act was enacted in 1973, with the purpose of providing a means to preserve the ecosystems in which endangered species survive, to provide a program to conserve such species, and to enter into appropriate treaties for species protection on an international level.
Specifically, in 16 USC § 1538a, the Endangered Species Act states that it is unlawful to “take any such species within the United States or the territorial sea of the United States.” Under 50 CFR § 17.3, the Secretary of the Interior interpreted that “‘harm’ in the definition of ‘take’ in the [Endangered Species Act] means an act which actually kills or injures wildlife. Such act may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding or sheltering.” This broad interpretation of the law was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1995, and prevents development or use of land in such a way that modifies the habitat of an endangered or threatened species to such an extent that the species may not survive.
A provision established in 16 USC § 1536 requires all federal agencies take actions necessary to ensure that activities authorized, funded, or carried out do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. In order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of this section, each federal agency is required to conduct a biological assessment “for the purpose of identifying any endangered species or threatened species which is likely to be affected” by the proposed federal activity. This biological assessment may be undertaken as part of a federal agency’s compliance with the requirements of Section 102 of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), which requires federal agencies to conduct an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), or components thereof, and submit it for comments. The EIS is submitted to the Conference on Environmental Quality for comments, and, in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act’s rules for informal rule making, the draft is published for public comment. This public comment period may include public meetings. Consequently, USACE personnel should identify any endangered species as early as possible.
3.1.4 Historic Preservation Act
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Settlements in New Mexico date back to the 1500s. According to the National Register of Historic Places, there are 1,046 historic landmarks located in New Mexico. The Historic Preservation Act was enacted in 1966, to protect the cultural and historical resources in the United States. The Historic Preservation Act requires that any federal action “take into account” the effect on historical and archeological resources and provide the State Historical Preservation Officer the opportunity to comment on the proposed action. In 1992, Congress passed amendments to the Historic Preservation Act, which allowed federally recognized Native American tribes to take on more formal responsibility for the preservation of significant historic properties on tribal lands. Native American tribes are allowed to take on the responsibilities of the State Historical Preservation Officer with respect to actions taking place on tribal land. Like the Endangered Species Act, there is a list of cultural and historical landmarks that must be protected. As a result of this statute, the USACE may need to conduct cultural resource investigations for activities on Native American lands or historic FUDS, such as Fort Bayard. Site investigation on these properties may need to conform to the standards established under NEPA, and may include components of an EIS. Any EIS, or components thereof, must consider the possible effects of major federal actions upon historical and cultural resources at a site. As mentioned above, the EIS is subject to a public comment period, which may include public meetings.
3.2 Tribal Regulations
As U.S. citizens, Native Americans are generally subject to federal, state, and local laws. However, federal law recognizes a special kind of sovereign authority that allows Native Americans to establish tribal governments for the purpose of self-governance, subject to an over- riding federal authority. Thus, Native American tribes are considered by federal law to be “domestic, dependent nations.” The sovereign authority of tribes is recognized by both the U.S. Constitution and the New Mexico Constitution, federal treaties, federal and state legislation, federal and state judicial decisions, and administrative practice.
According to the U.S. Department of the Interior, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs, there are 22 federally recognized Native American tribes in New Mexico. This includes 19 pueblos, 2 Apache tribes, and the Navajo Nation. Within New Mexico there are 38 federally recognized Native American Indian reservations. The majority of these reservations are located in the northwest region of the state. Figure 3 presents a map outlining all federal lands and Native reservations in the state of New Mexico.5
On Native American Indian reservations, only federal and tribal laws apply to members of the tribe unless the Congress provides otherwise. Reservations are legal jurisdictions managed by tribal governments that generally have the same types of public responsibilities states have. Many tribal governments are organized under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. In New Mexico, tribal governments, through executive branch agencies, provide basic public services to ensure the public health, safety and welfare of reservation residents.
Because Native American nations are sovereign, the State of New Mexico has an obligation to consult with them on various state programs where the policy and resultant program impact the State’s Native American citizens. The New Mexico State Legislature created the Commission on
5 Some Native American reservations are not located on Figure 3.
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Indian Affairs in 1953 to serve as a liaison between tribal governments and the state government. In 1975, the statute established a state agency, the Office of Indian Affairs (OIA). In 2004, the OIA was formally elevated to the Indian Affairs Department (IAD), a cabinet-level department in the state government.
The IAD is the coordinating agency for intergovernmental and interagency programs concerning tribal governments and the State of New Mexico. The IAD’s mission is to further strengthen the government-to-government relationship between the state and tribal government. The IAD is authorized to investigate, study, consider and act upon the entire subject of Native American conditions and relations within the state, and assists in setting the policy for all state programs affecting the Native American population in New Mexico. The IAD is also responsible for conducting meetings that provide an opportunity for the presentation and exchange of ideas, and that promote the welfare of Native Americans.
The 22 tribes in New Mexico are actively engaged in preserving their indigenous environment. Additional information on specific tribal laws, regulations, and government-to-government agreements can be found by contacting the IAD, the New Mexico Attorney General’s Office, and individual tribal governments.
At least seven native reservations—Acoma, Isleta, Laguna, Mescalero Apache, San Felipe, Santa Ana, and Zuni—in New Mexico contain FUDS properties. For these properties, USACE personnel and its contractors need to work with tribal governments to ensure that cultural resources are protected as prescribed under the Historic Preservation Act. This may require the development of a cultural resources management plan along with undefined/unique community outreach activities.
3.3 NEW MEXICO STATE LAWS AND REGULATIONS
EPA’s Brownfields Economic Redevelopment Initiative is administered by the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) through its Voluntary Remediation Program (VRP). Enacted in 1999, the VRP was designed to provide for the expeditious, voluntary cleanup of contaminated properties in New Mexico in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment, and the promotion of their redevelopment and productive use. The program is intended for sites that are not under active regulatory enforcement, and for applicants that do not have a history of noncompliance with environmental laws.
The VRP is a fee-based program that is open to any site, whether privately or publicly owned. A non-punitive remediation program, an applicant to the VRP must demonstrate that the site entered meets established health based guidelines for soil and groundwater. Once a site is documented to be clean, the NMED will issue a “Certificate of Completion” to the applicant and a “Covenant Not To Sue” to a purchaser.
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In 2002, the federal Brownfields Revitalization Act (BRA) was enacted, which provides certain relief for small businesses from liability under CERCLA. The BRA also amended CERCLA to promote the cleanup and reuse of Brownfields, to provide financial assistance for Brownfields revitalization, and to enhance state response programs. Region XI of the EPA has developed the Brownfields Economic Redevelopment Initiative, designed to empower states, cities, tribes, communities, and other stakeholders in economic redevelopment to work together in a timely manner to prevent, assess, safely clean up, and sustainably reuse Brownfields in New Mexico.
The State of New Mexico also has two “sunshine” laws: the Open Meetings Act (OMA) and the Inspection of Public Records Act (IPRA). Sunshine laws are those laws created to increase public disclosure of government agencies. The state, through the Civil Division of its Attorney General’s Office, educates its residents with regard to their rights under these laws by traveling to local communities and answering questions from municipal and county government officials, other board and commission members, and the general public.
3.3.1 Open Meetings Act
The OMA was adopted in 1978 for the purpose of allowing the public access to government and public business meetings. The law was created to ensure that the formation of public policy and the conduct of public business would not be conducted in closed meetings. The OMA addresses four main areas:
• Non-legislative public bodies: “All meetings of any public body, except the legislature and courts, shall be public meetings, and all persons so desiring shall be permitted to attend and listen to the deliberations and proceedings.”6 Public meetings, for the purpose of the OMA, are those held in order to formulate public policy, discuss public business, or any other action that the body has authority to take. All meetings are to be be held only after reasonable notice to the public is given.
• State legislative and standing committees: All sessions and committee meetings of the state legislature held for the purpose of discussing public business or taking any action that the body has the authority to take are to be open to the public.7
• Invalid Actions; Standing: Any action taken by a public body will stand as valid with respect to the OMA unless challenged and proven otherwise. The Attorney General, district attorneys, and individual public persons have the responsibility for enforcing the OMA. Unique to this statute is the inclusion of a penalty for violating the OMA. According to the statute, “all parties found to be liable in violating the OMA shall be convicted of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine of no more than $500 for each offense.”
6 Meetings not subject to the OMA include those pertaining to licensing, limited personnel matters, administrative adjudicatory deliberations, collective bargaining, certain purchases, and litigation.
7 Meetings not subject to the OMA include those relating to personnel, adjudicatory matters, legislative matters not yet presented to either house, and general appropriation bills.
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The public must be careful not to violate the OMA in its attempt to comply with is own parliamentary rules while conducting meetings and taking action. The OMA is mandatory and supercedes local policies or procedures. A violation of the OMA will void any action taken during the meeting. The state’s Attorney General’s Office has compiled a “Compliance Guide for New Mexico Public Officials and Citizens” that contains additional information and procedures concerning the OMA, and can be found on its website, http://www.ago.state.nm.us/.
3.3.2 Inspection of Public Records Act
The IPRA was adopted in 1978 for the purpose of ensuring that all persons are entitled to the greatest possible information regarding the affairs of government and the official acts of public officers and employees. The law requires public access to virtually all public records. The IPRA also encourages public officials to be liberal in providing public access and to honor all reasonable and legitimate requests for records.
The IPRA lists the following rules, definitions, and procedures for public citizens wishing to request public records:
8 • Every person has a right to inspect any public records of the State of New Mexico;
• Each government body, office or agency must designate at least one “custodian.” The custodian is responsible for maintaining the body’s public records, and handles all inspection requests and inspection procedures pertaining to the IPRA;
• Any person wishing to inspect public records may submit an oral or written request to the custodian. Only written requests are required to be answered by the custodian, and the person requesting records must be given the right to inspect all “nonexempt public records.”
• All written requests for inspection must be answered by the custodian, either by granting or denying the request, within 15 days of the request. If an inspection request is “excessively burdensome or broad,” the custodian is allowed a reasonably longer period of time before the request must be answered.
• If a request is denied, and the custodian does not deliver a written explanation within the allowed time period, an action to enforce the IPRA may be brought and damages may be awarded to the requestor. The Act provides that an action to enforce its provisions may be brought by the Attorney General, district attorneys, or a person whose written request for inspection has been denied. Damages are awarded in the amount of $100 per day until the written explanation is provided.
The state’s Attorney General’s Office has compiled a “Compliance Guide for New Mexico Public Officials and Citizens” that contains additional information and procedures concerning the IPRA, and can be found on its website, http://www.ago.state.nm.us/.
8 Public records that are exceptions to the provisions of the IPRA include but are not limited to medical records, letters of reference, matters of opinion, law enforcement records, records covered by the Confidential Materials Act, and public hospital records.
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4.0 EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION
This section presents information that is needed to develop an effective external message that will resonate with stakeholders and all the members involved in decision making activities. Communication of risk can be effective only if the USACE’s overall communication strategy at a site is effective and built on a foundation of credibility and trust. It is important to remember that risk communication is not merely “informing” the public, but establishing an ongoing, two- way communication process between the USACE and a site’s stakeholders.
The remainder of this section discusses the principles of risk communication, addressing technical and non-technical issues, techniques to involve the public, dealing with special interests and the media, and how to use existing “channels” of communication for messaging.
4.1 RISK COMMUNICATION THEORY
The University of Kentucky’s Agripedia describes the key elements of “risk communication” as follows the key elements:
Risk communication is an interactive process of exchange of information and opinion among individuals and groups, and institutions. It involves multiple messages about the nature of risk and other messages (not strictly about risk) that express concerns, opinions, or reactions to risk messages or to legal and institutional arrangements for the management of risk.
Even when effectively applied, risk communication will not solve all problems, nor will it avoid conflict on issues; however, poor or absent risk communication will undoubtedly lead to a failure to manage risk effectively. The goal of any risk communication strategy is to increase the understanding and involvement of interested parties in the process through participation. Participative approaches to risk communication may lead to better consensus, but cannot guarantee absolute harmony. From this perspective, responsive risk communication respects both the public (by being participative) and its right to know (by being as transparent as possible), while also appreciating the practical limitations or financial constraints that might be facing an agency.
When communicating with the public it is important to follow the Seven Cardinal Rules of Risk Communication. These seven principles were first established by Allen Covello for the EPA’s Office of Policy Analysis in 1988 and have generally been accepted as tenants that should be followed by any government agency engaging in external communications.
1) Accept and involve the public as a legitimate partner. This can be accomplished by involving the community and all other parties that have an interest in the issue early. Keep in mind that you work for the public.
2) Plan carefully and evaluate your efforts. Successful risk communication planning and evaluation entails: (1) clear, explicit objectives; (2) assessment of strengths and weaknesses of risk data; (3) attention to the needs and interests of various groups; (4) staff training (including technical staff) in communication skills; (5) message rehearsal and testing; and (6) an evaluation of the lessons learned.
3) Listen to the public’s specific concerns. Do not make assumptions about what people know, think, or want. Instead, take the time to find these out by listening to parties with
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an interest in the issue and recognizing their feelings. People often are more concerned about trust, credibility, competence, control, fairness, caring, and compassion than mortality statistics or quantitative risk assessments.
4) Be honest, frank, and open. State your credentials, but do not ask or expect to be trusted. If you do not know an answer or are uncertain, acknowledge it and respond with the answer as soon as possible. Do not hesitate to admit mistakes or disclose risk information. Try to share more information, not less; otherwise, people may think you are hiding something.
5) Coordinate and collaborate with other credible sources. Take the time to coordinate with other organizations. Try to issue communications jointly with other credible sources. Few things make risk communication more difficult than conflicts or public disagreements with other such sources.
6) Me et the needs of the media. Be open with and accessible to reporters. Realize that reporters must meet their deadlines. Provide risk information tailored to the needs of each type of media. Prepare in advance and provide background material on complex issues. Do not hesitate to follow up on stories with praise or criticism. Establish long-term relationships of trust with specific editors and reporters. Keep in mind that the media are usually more interested in reporting politics rather than risk, simplicity rather than complexity, and danger rather than safety. (See Section X pertaining to Media Relations.)
7) Speak clearly and with compassion. Be sensitive to norms, such as speech and dress. Whether addressing large groups or individuals, use simple, non-technical language. Communicate on a personal level by using vivid, concrete images or examples and anecdotes that make technical risk data come alive. Use comparisons to help put risks in perspective, but avoid comparisons that do not include distinctions that people consider important. Acknowledge and respond with words and actions to emotions that people express. anxiety, fear, anger, outrage, and helplessness. Always try to include a discussion of actions that are underway or can be taken. Tell people what you cannot do. Promise only what you can do, and be sure to do what you promise.
Although these appear to be basic commonsense rules for communication, they are frequently ignored. USACE personnel should make every effort to incorporate these communication rules into all projects, so that they may be completed with minimal controversy.
How USACE personnel interact with the public will not only affect perceptions of the communicator and the USACE, but also the information that is being provided. In order to communicate effectively, considerable time should be spent preparing and developing a key message to support any projects’ overall communication goals. At any stage of a FUDS investigation the USACE may have numerous channels of communication available. Table 5 presents an overview of the channels and the audience that can be expected to be reached through these channels. The following subsections provide an overview of FUDS-specific activities, how to address technical and non-technical issues, how to deal with the media, and provides tips and techniques.
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Table 5 Channels of Communication
Target Audience Elected Channel Co- Area Officials, Media workers Residents Leaders, Activist Advance Notices U Community/Public Meetings U U U Direct Mailings U Fact Sheets U U U Films, Videos, and Other Materials at Libraries U Fliers U Telephone Hotlines and Direct Calls U U News Conferences U News/Press Releases U U Newspaper Articles and Ads U Personal Visits U Radio and TV Talk Shows U Site Tours/Visits U U Unit Newspaper Articles U
4.2 FUDS-SPECIFIC COMMUNITY RELATIONS ACTIVITIES
There are many community relations activities that may be employed in addressing FUDS response actions, as listed in Tables 3 and 4, above. Not all of the available activities will be appropriate for use at every FUDS project, and USACE officials should tailor the community relations program to suit the individual community’s needs. The descriptions of community relations activities provided below are general in nature, but it is important to note that there is no single community relations program that will fit the needs of each community, and the exact details of how these activities are implemented in a community will differ at each FUDS project.
State and local officials, as well as the heads of community organizations, citizens who have indicated concern about the FUDS project, and people who live close to the FUDS property should be notified as part of the community relations program. These individuals should be contacted and informed in advance of USACE activity to prevent alarm and to allow for an explanation of the process.
News releases should be issued to explain the FUDS component of DERP, and to announce the start of the response action phase that is about to be conducted. A news release should also be issued at the end of the phase, explaining the results and potential response actions that will follow the phase. The news releases should offer the USACE’s preferred alternative for public comment, after which, an updated news release must address the selected alternative.
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Individuals and groups may express unusual levels of concern about activities that may affect the environment. If such groups emerge during the course of a FUDS project, they should be contacted directly by the USACE to participate in a special concerns workshop. This workshop will provide an open forum for the expression of concerns relating to the remedial or removal response action.
In order to identify the attitudes and concerns of area residents concerning activities at the FUDS site during the study phase, community interviews should be conducted by the USACE with members of the community. Analysis of these interviews will form the basis for the fully developed PIP for the project.
PIPs will be prepared for all remedial response actions and for all removal response actions extending beyond 120 days. The initial PIP should provide a brief history, discuss findings, and indicate potential response actions. The PIP will be revised, as appropriate, throughout the environmental restoration process. The PIP should document concerns identified during community interviews, and provide a detailed description of the community. The PIP should focus on community relations techniques and approaches specific to the FUDS property in question, not generic program goals. The PIP will convey a working knowledge of the local community and its concerns, while providing a framework for addressing community concerns during the remedial or removal response.
For some projects, a Restoration Advisory Board (RAB) may be developed. The RAB will be comprised of the USACE Project Manager; state regulatory agency representatives; other federal, state, and local agencies as appropriate; local and tribal governments as appropriate; and affected members of the local community. Details on the formation and purpose of a RAB can be found in Section 3 of Guidance Document EE 1110-3-8. A Technical Assistance for Public Participation, or TAPP, program has been established by the DOD, and offers grants for technical assistance to the RAB. This technical assistance is only necessary if the RAB demonstrates that the federal, state, and local agencies responsible for overseeing environmental restoration at the installation and DOD personnel do not have the technical expertise necessary for achieving the objective for which the technical assistance is to be obtained, or the assistance is likely to contribute to the efficiency, effectiveness, or timeliness of environmental restoration activities and it is likely to contribute to community acceptance of environmental restoration activities at the installation.
An information repository with an administrative record file must be established at a location easily accessible to the public. The public must be informed about the location of the information repository and it should contain documents providing all of the information a citizen needs to understand the basis for past or proposed decisions. If the FUDS project will proceed beyond the SI phase, the repository must be maintained throughout the response action.
Fact sheets will address concerns expressed by the local community and will include a capsule history of the FUDS property’s use while under DOD control, the status of studies and response actions, updates on schedules, and any special-interest items. Fact sheets will be distributed to stakeholders and the information repositories when events warrant. Fact sheets should be distributed 2 weeks prior to the initiation of a public comment period, and should describe the alternatives considered and offer the USACE’s preferred alternative for public comment. An updated fact sheet must address the selected alternative.
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Public meetings are required when the USACE officially accepts public comments on remedial or removal response alternatives and response actions, but should be considered at all phases of the investigation process to establish credibility and trust in the USACE. Meetings should be held near the FUDS project and in an appropriate facility to hold the number of expected attendees from the general public. Consideration should be given to audience size, accessibility, and convenience of the location for the expected participants from the community. Proceedings of the meeting are to be placed in an information repository established for the project after the meeting.
After the RI, the USACE should prepare a “proposed plan” document, which summarizes the remedial response alternatives proposed for a FUDS project and specifies the preferred cleanup method. CERCLA requires that the USACE issue a public notice, which announces the availability of the R I and proposed plan for public comment. The public comment period should last 30 days, and can be extended by at least 30 days upon receipt of a timely request from the public. After the comment period, USACE should prepare a “responsiveness summary” that addresses significant comments received from the public.
4.3 ADDRESSING TECHNICAL AND NON-TECHNICAL CONCERNS
At a FUDS property, individuals and the surrounding community may often be more concerned with non-technical issues, such as fairness and control, rather than with the technical details of risk assessment. When conducting site investigations it is necessary for all parties to recognize the need to address not only the technical aspects of an environmental investigation/risk assessment issues but also the non-technical concerns.
Community Relations documents, such as the EPA’s Community Relations Handbook, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ publication, entitled Communicating in a Crisis: Risk Communication Guidelines for Public Officials, and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registration (ATSDR) A Primer on Health Risk Communication Principles and Practices, warn that Government officials when communicating with the public “have a tendency to focus on the technical issues, often to the exclusion of the public’s other concerns.” These documents further warn that when this occurs, a government official is “not communicating with the public” and increases the risk of creating adversarial situations. Efforts by technical personnel to “educate the public about the real risk” may be futile, as the public’s risk perception may be founded in a non- technical issue or issues. It is important to remember that the public often views risk, especially environmental risk, differently than do the technical experts. Establishing trust and credibility between the USACE and the public cannot be achieved by using technical data to address non- technical concerns.
To assist the USACE environmental protection specialists in communicating with the public, the following subsections identify some general guidelines to help explain risk to the general public, describe technical issues, and respond to the public’s non-technical concerns. This information has been compiled from government sources.
4.3.1 Non-Technical Public Concerns
Any explanation of the risk associated with a FUDS property should be tied to the public’s perception of risk at the site. This perception is very important and can be easily ascertained through direct engagement with the public. Regardless of the site characterization data, the
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USACE’s personnel need to remember that “if the public perceives something as a risk then it is a risk.”
Research performed by ATSDR has demonstrated that when individuals were Less Risky More Risky given the same “risks,” a unique set of factors Voluntary Involuntary shifted an individuals view of a problem as less or more risky. Figure 4 lists these factors. Familar Unfamiliar If, for example, the 350,000 Americans who Natural Man Made die of cancer from smoking every year all died on the same day, smoking would probably be Fair Unfair prohibited. Because the risks from smoking Controlled by Self Controlled by Others are chronic, rather than catastrophic, they are perceived as less serious. Chronic Catastrophic Not Memorable Memorable Hidden in an individual’s risk perception is their unique cultural, ethnic, and historical background. Personnel working for, or with, Figure 4 Factors Affecting Risk the USACE-Albuquerque District must take Perception into account the diverse cultural differences that exist in New Mexico. For example, cultural sensitivity issues are very important in the government-to-government relations that must occur when dealing with Native American tribal governments and peoples, especially given the history of how the federal government first gained control of what was once tribal land. Communicating risk issues to people from other ethnic, cultural, and institutional backgrounds may require that the USACE engage cultural specialists that have specialized knowledge of the culture and the community that is being affected.
At Fort Wingate, for example, DOD officials involved in a base realignment and closure work initially failed to take into account the cultural differences that existed in the surrounding community. To overcome this deficiency they hired a “specialist” to aid them in the land transfer and cleanup process. This specialist was not educated in the cultural differences of the Navajo ans Zuni Tribes nor in the differences between the tribes of the southwestern United States and made recommendations that had relevance to northwestern Native Americans. The effect was to reinforce the perception in tribal members that the federal government still does not understand the differences between native peoples; consequently, this specialist damaged the relationship between the Navajo and Zuni tribes and the DOD.
Institutional culture also can affect public perception and hinder effective communication. USACE personnel must recognize that its own culture might be overwhelming for many community members. For example, the USACE’s policies, procedures, and language often contribute to the perception of a legalistic, bureaucratic, and often hard-to-understand culture. Similarly, staff turnover and project reassignments that are sometimes found within many federal and state agencies can be frustrating for a stakeholders and can erode rapport at the time when USACE personnel are trying to establish a working relationship that is based on familiarity and trust. As a result, the USACE needs to establish a single point-of-contact with a dedicated backup when dealing with the public. Also, personnel should communicate thoughts and concepts in “plain” language and avoid using the numerous acronyms that are associated with governmental agencies.
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By understanding these factors, USACE personnel can structure a community outreach program that is inclusive. The communicator can use this insight into how the public perceives risk by addressing factors that can be changed, whenever possible. For example, the community’s involvement in the decision making process will increase the sense of control and lower the perceived risk. When the factor itself cannot be changed, acknowledging its presence and the legitimacy of those in the community who are “outraged” by it will help assuage concerns raised by the public. If the public does not believe that you take its concerns seriously, it may be less willing to listen to your technical explanations.
4.3.2 Explaining Technical Issues
Early explanation of the FUDS investigation and risk assessment process to stakeholders is a critical component of any risk communication strategy. The earlier the USACE can provide explanations, the better the overall outcome will be. The items that should be conveyed during the early stages focus on how the USACE identifies the property to be investigated, what information is used during early assessments and how this information is used within the FUDS process. USACEs personnel should also identify any data gaps that have been encountered and what steps have or will be taken to overcome these uncertainties. Although USACE personnel are very familiar with the FUDS process, the personnel responsible for communicating results to the public should re-familiarize themselves with FUDS investigation process so that they are better able to explain the USACE’s decision making processes. Project personnel should also familiarize themselves with any District-specific communication strategies that have been developed by the Public Affairs Office and the Office of Counsel.
In general, it is important to keep in mind that the public will need to understand that for a risk to exist, the following three factors must be present:
1. site contamination; 2. a pathway for the contamination that reaches surrounding populations; and 3. populations that may be exposed to site hazards.
Problems often arise when either too much or too little information is provided. By preparing a PIP the USACE’s personnel will have a sound understanding of what information the public needs and in what form they want to receive the information. The spokesperson often fails to precisely evaluate these needs. Without this information, there is the tendency, as reported in EPA’s Community Relations Handbook, to provide too much information, which can muddle the message and not meet the public’s needs or the USACE’s objectives. Careful selection of the information provided to the public should occur with an eye towards including other credible sources that can confirm the USACE’s findings and present other facts. For example, the ATSDR has several fact sheets pertaining to chemical substances that can be used to convey objective and credible information to the public.
As noted in EPA’s and ATSDR’s community relations publications, general guidelines exist for communicating technical information to the public. This communication and can be accomplished using the following general guidelines which were adapted from C. Chess, B.J. Hance, and P. Sandman, Improving Dialogue with Communities, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 1987:
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• Do not underestimate the ability of the public to assimilate technical information. Keep in mind that if there is a compelling reason for people to learn new information, they will make an effort to acquire an understanding of a new subject, even if it is technical.
• Try to determine what risk information people need and in what form. This determination means the spokesperson should take the time to “know his/her audience.” Be willing to summarize information that the audience needs, rather than present everything the communicator knows.
• Anticipate and respond to people’s concerns about their personal risk. Remember the factors driving the public’s concern.
• Be sure to provide adequate background when explaining risk numbers. Use non-technical language as much as possible.
• Be prepared to provide information in foreign languages as needed.
• Provide information responsive to public concerns that is neither too complex nor patronizing.
• Put data in perspective and try to express the risk in different ways.
• Use language consistent with the expertise of your audience and avoid jargon and words that may mean one thing to one group and something else to another. For example, Agency personnel often say they use a “conservative” model to estimate risk, meaning that the model tends to overestimate the likely risk. The public, however, may likely think of “conservative” in its political sense as favoring the preservation of existing conditions.
• Explain the process (the steps in the Superfund risk assessment process). Be willing to discuss uncertainties. Reviewing this process with the public will demonstrate that the risk numbers are not derived from a “black box.”
• Use graphics and visual aids.
• Collaborate with other credible experts.
• Be careful when comparing environmental risk to other risks.
4.3.3 Dealing with the Media
It is important to remember that a possible risk to public health is more likely to become a major news story if any of the findings associated with a FUDS investigation are prominent issues or can easily be turned into ones. The nine major items that generally become prominent issues were detailed in Peter Bennett’s article, Understanding Responses to Risk: Some Basic Findings, and include the following:9
1. Questions of blame 2. Alleged secrets and attempted cover-ups 3. Human interest through identifiable heroes, villains, dupes etc. (as well as victims)
9 Bennett (1999)P. Bennett. “Understanding Responses to Risk: Some Basic Findings.” In, Risk Communication and Public Health. P. Bennett and K. Calman (eds.), New York, Oxford University Press, 1999, pp. 3-19.
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4. Links with existing high-profile issues or personalities 5. Conflict 6. Signal value: the story as a portent of further ills 7. Many people exposed to the risk even at low levels 8. Strong visual impact (eg., pictures of suffering) 9. Links to sex and/or crime
Despite Bennett’s findings, the news media offers the USACE a unique opportunity to reach a broad and diverse audience within a community. When dealing with the media, the USACE’s environmental protection specialists should enlist the advise and support of the District’s Public Affairs Office. This resource can assist USACE personnel in developing a positioning message and the “talking points” for the various aspects of a FUDS investigation, consistent with the District’s external communication plans. The general positioning characteristics for a FUDS investigations may include the following:
• Presents the DOD as a responsible corporate citizen that cares about the health and welfare of stakeholders;
• Presents the USACE as an expert in the environmental investigation process;
• Indicates a high level of professionalism and experience in project personnel in dealing with and managing a FUDS property;
• Demonstrates an understanding of the challenges facing a community and its property owners; and
• Demonstrates that the USACE is a voluntary participant seeking the assistance of the community in addressing any site contamination issues.
USACE personnel should take a proactive approach and not avoid the media. One way to make sure that reporters understand the USACE’s findings and positions is to provide background materials, or Press Kits, prior to any public events or interviews. Questions to media outlets in large markets, such as Albuquerque, may provide insight into how a story will be covered; however, small rural media outlets generally will not have a dedicated science editor or reporter. As a result, information provided in a Press Kit should focus on presenting overview information along with other list of additional resources where a reporter may obtain additional information, if needed. This also provides the USACE with a unique opportunity to steer the media toward non-bias objective sources or experts. USACE personnel can rely upon their professional organizations, such as the Society of American Military Engineers or the National Groundwater Association, to identify reputable independent experts and sources of additional information. These types of “channels” will strengthen the credibility of the USACE’s investigations and further promote trust among stakeholders.
Media involvement is best coordinated through a risk communication strategy, which is incorporated into the site-specific PIP. In developing the PIP, USACE personnel should anticipate the kinds of questions the media, and the public, will have at each stage of the process and then plan for suitable information to be distributed at each step.
In the beginning, the public likely will be most concerned about immediate risks from the site, such as effects to drinking water. As a site moves through the FUDS process, however, questions should change toward the future. Questions such as: “Will the USACE find out how much
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The site-specific PIP should be constantly updated through the investigation process so that investigation information is not only accurate and up-to-date, but is easily available and releasable to the media. Fact sheets and press releases are generally easy to develop and revise. Assessing and monitoring a community’s concerns throughout the investigation process, and presenting these changes in a revised and updated PIP provides USACE personnel with the best insight for dealing with the media and avoiding one of the media triggers discussed above.
4.3.3.1 Sample Questions and Response Strategies
The following in-depth list of sample questions, along with possible response strategies, was obtained and adapted from the ATSDR’s community response handbook. These sample questions are the types of questions that are likely to be encounter at any public meetings. One important thing to remember is that if the USACE’s spokesperson does not agree with the USACE position, then that individual should not be the spokesperson. For a discussion of other tough questions, consult Communicate with Power: Encountering the Media, Barry McLoughlin Associates, Inc., 1990.
1. You are here as a representative of the USACE. Why doesn’t the USACE have a program to investigate hazardous waste sites?
Key Message: We do have a policy to investigate hazardous waste sites. In fact, we...
• State in a positive manner that you do not agree with the questioner’s statement. Do not try to ignore it. • Be polite but firm. • Take the opportunity to restate your position or message.
2. Your boss said that he was confident that there would be no problems found at this location. Doesn’t he know that dumping 1,000 gallons of oil, paint thinner, and solvent near the vehicle shop can cause serious public health problems? Or is he trying to sway the results of the study?
Key Message Evaluating the safe disposal of these products is part of the overall investigation that we are conducting to ensure the continued safety of the public.
• Do not repeat the negative words. Refute without repeating allegations. • Return to your message.
3. You've told us about the agency’s position on water quality. But would you drink the water?
Key Message: I’m also concerned about the quality of drinking water - not only as an agency representative but also as a fellow citizen. Given all I know about the issue and given the type of person I am, yes, I would drink the water.
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• Be prepared for personal questions.
4. Does the EPA or the NMED agree with what you are doing here?
Key Message: We follow EPA guidelines and send EPA and NMED copies of all of our studies.
• Refer questions to the appropriate person or organization. • Speak only to what you know and on behalf of the organization you represent.
5. Do you know the exact figure on how much money has been spent to date on this problem?
Key Message: I do not know the exact figure. But if you will give me your name and number, I will get that information for you by...
• Say you do not know. • Offer to get the information by a specified time. • Do not lie or make up an answer. • If you promise to get the information, follow up.
6. We’ve heard that your agency and the state regulators have made a deal to clean up heavy contamination quietly and not to do a proper hazardous waste investigation because it would be embarrassing to admit this area was missed earlier. Why is your agency being insensitive by dragging its feet on this environmental issue?
Key Message: Our goal is to fully protect the safety and health of the community and to do so in compliance with all applicable federal and state laws and regulations. We have issued several news releases on the study.
• Respond with a straightforward statement of theme.
7. What do you plan to do about the lawsuit that a local business has filed against your agency claiming compensation for loss of business?
Key Message: That’s a legitimate question. But while the case is in progress, I am not able to discuss this.
• Give a reason why you can’t answer.
8. What are your qualifications to run this program?
Key Message: I have several years experience in managing programs of this type, and I have a team of professionals working with me to ensure that all aspects of the program are carried out with quality.
• Do not respond with hostility or emotion. • Remove emotional words.
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9. Don’t you know that you cannot make final decisions without providing for public comment, you idiot?
Key Message: All final decisions must take public comments very seriously.
• Restate, removing hostile or negative tone.
10. It must be really hard to deal with all of your environmental problems.
Key Message: My training and experience prepare me to deal with environmental, safety, and health problems, and I am here to do the best job I can for the community.
• Do not buy into the sympathetic approach. You may end up agreeing and destroy your credibility.
11. In reference to groundwater contamination, why do you think your agency doesn’t care about the health of its neighbors?
Key Message: We are very much concerned about the health of our neighbors.
12. Then why does it take over 5 years of study to come up with a solution to remediate your contamination of our groundwater?
Key Message: I want to make sure that it is clear that we take care of any situation that poses an immediate danger without delay. During our study, which for many reasons is an extensive and expensive process, we did not find an immediate health threat. If we had, we would have taken immediate action. Public health is always our top concern.
• Be polite but firm. • Return to your message. • Repeat your statements. • Be careful not to repeat negative words like contamination of the public groundwater.
13. What is the worst-case scenario?
Key Message: I would not want to speculate. We are working hard to ensure the health and safety of this community. The study we are conducting will include testing of soil, groundwater...
• Do not speculate. • If you do speculate, categorize it as such.
14. We have heard a rumor that there are serious groundwater problems at this site.
Key Message: This is the first time I’ve heard this rumor. The data I have seen indicate that no groundwater problems exist at this site.
• Do not respond to rumor.
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• Do tell the truth.
15. Why do you want to expand? And did you send an undercover employee to a private meeting and what information did he gather?
Key Message: Let me respond to your first question. The community has legitimate concerns about...
• Choose the easiest to answer first. • Do not answer them all at once.
16. What would you recommend that your boss do to address the concerns of the public on these contamination problems?
Key Message: My boss can request advice and guidance from anyone concerning safe environmental practices. When I’m asked, I provide whatever assistance I can.
• Do not give this kind of advice when talking to the public or media.
4.4 TECHNIQUES FOR PRESENTING INFORMATION
The following subsections present an overview of how to structure a public meeting, including the pitfalls that are often encountered.
4.4.1 The Presentation
When conducting a formal presentation to stakeholders, remember that a strong opening presentation sets a tone for the meeting and is crucial in attempting to establish trust and build credibility. Prior to the meeting, project personnel should have developed key messages. Message development often includes a brainstorming session to obtain a central theme along with the most important ideas. These ideas should be filtered against the community assessment data that was obtained during the development or update to the PIP. The key message should be pared down until the list consists of only the three most critical items. After the key message has been developed, identify supporting data and credible sources. Some of the elements needed for a formal meeting include the following:
I. Introduction
Remember that perceived empathy is a vital factor in establishing trust and building credibility, and it is assessed by your audience in the first 30 seconds. Include the following in your introduction:
Statement of personal concern e.g., “I can see by the number of people here tonight that you are as concerned about this issue as I am.”
Statement of organizational intent e.g., “I am committed to protecting the environment and the public. We of the “x” have been involved with this community for a long time and want to work with the community on this issue.”
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Statement of purpose and plan for the meeting. (Do not use the same statement at each meeting.) e.g., “Tonight, we would like to share with you the findings of the report for approximately 15 minutes, then we would like to open the floor for discussion, questions, and concerns. We will be available after the meeting for anyone who wishes additional information or to continue the discussion.”
II. Key Messages and Supporting Data
The key messages are points you want your public to have in mind after the meeting. They should address central issues, and be short and concise. For example, “We have extensively tested wells in the area and found that the water meets all standards for safe drinking.”
III. Conclusion
Restate verbatim your key messages. Add a future action statement: What is your organization going to do on this project in the short term? Long term?
Remember to keep your presentation brief, preferably to 15 minutes or less, and to use plenty of visual aids. They can be positioned in the lobby and entranceway to the meeting and throughout the meeting room. It is important to leave time for questions and to structure the room to facilitate questions by attendees.
4.4.2 Risk Comparisons
Environmental risk communication often relies on “risk comparisons” to convey a perceived risk. When using risk comparisons to explain the risk assessment or to put risks into perspective, do not compare risks that affect risk perception differently. For example, it is usually inappropriate to compare a voluntary risk, such as driving a car, to an involuntary one, such as living near a FUDS property. The public will often view these as non-comparable and will respond negatively to attempts to link them.
One of the best ways to communicate technical issues is to use comparisons that provide context for a situation. However, inappropriate comparisons can have disastrous results for the credibility and efforts of the communicator. Staff should use comparisons only in conjunction with factors that affect the way the public perceives risks associated with the site. Do not use comparisons that ignore these factors. For example, do not compare an involuntary risk, such as groundwater contamination, to a voluntary risk, such as smoking. The communicator should avoid comparisons that trivialize the risk, such as indicating that one has a greater chance of developing cancer from a contaminant in peanut butter than from living near a Superfund site. This comparison may be technically true, but it is irrelevant and may anger the general public.
As with any technical discussion, be careful to document the accuracy of risk estimates used in comparisons. An inappropriate or inaccurate comparison can lower audience interest and participation to the point that they no longer hear the message being communicated. The following are guidelines for using risk comparisons:
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• A risk comparison should not address acceptability of risk, since “acceptability” is a value question rather than a technical one. Use comparisons that put risks in perspective. This can help individuals determine the acceptability of the risk for themselves.
• Compare the risks associated with your proposed solution or action to that of alternative solutions.
• Quantitative comparisons usually are more useful than probability comparisons.
• Use comparisons of the same risk at different times (i.e., before and after remediation).
• Use comparisons with a standard (for example, if the standard for cleanup at a Superfund site is a risk level of one in a million, the remedial action seeks to reduce the risk to that level).
• Compare different estimates of the same risk (e.g., estimates from communities, industry, and your own). If someone else has a higher or lower risk estimate, note the difference.
When explaining risk comparisons to the public, remember that the overall communication goal is to provide the public with useful information so that it can understand and participate in the process. The public may only want to know “Is it safe?” It might be useful when explaining estimated excess cancers to point out that 25 to 33 percent of the population will likely contract some form of cancer during their lifetime, regardless of exposure at this or any site. Again, do not try to imply that the risk at the site is acceptable, but rather provide information to help the public put the risk into perspective. Point out, without sounding glib or condescending, that individuals have to make their own determinations about what they consider safe. For example, a 10-6 risk level, or one in 100,000, chosen by the EPA at a site is not risk-free. It is the level determined by EPA at which the risk posed to human health and the environment is low enough to warrant no further action.
4.4.3 Avoiding Pitfalls
Pitfall: Jargon Do: Define all technical terms and acronyms. Do not: Use language that may not be understood by even a portion of your audience.
Pitfall: Humor Do: If used, direct it at yourself. Do not: Use it in relation to safety, health, or environmental issues.
Pitfall: Negative Allegations Do: Refute the allegation without repeating it. Do not: Repeat or refer to them.
Pitfall: Negative Words and Phrases Do: Use positive or neutral terms. Do not: Refer to national problems, i.e., “This is not Love Canal.”
Pitfall: Reliance on Words Do: Use visuals to emphasize key points. Do not: Rely entirely on words.
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Pitfall: Temper Do: Remain calm. Use a question or allegation as a springboard to say something positive. Do not: Let your feelings interfere with your ability to communicate positively.
Pitfall: Clarity Do: Ask whether you have made yourself clear. Do not: Assume you have been understood.
Pitfall: Abstractions Do: Use examples, stories, and analogies to establish a common understanding.
Pitfall: Nonverbal Messages Do: Be sensitive to nonverbal messages you are communicating. Make them consistent with what you are saying. Do not: Allow your body language, your position in the room, or your dress to be inconsistent with your message.
Pitfall: Attacks Do: Attack the issue. Do not: Attack the person or organization.
Pitfall: Promises Do: Promise only what you can deliver. Set and follow strict orders. Do not: Make promises you can't keep or fail to follow up.
Pitfall: Guarantees Do: Emphasize achievements made and ongoing efforts. Do not: Say there are no guarantees.
Pitfall: Speculation Do: Provide information on what is being done. Do not: Speculate about worst cases.
Pitfall: Money Do: Refer to the importance you attach to health, safety, and environmental issues; your moral obligation to public health outweighs financial considerations. Do not: Refer to the amount of money spent as a representation of your concern.
Pitfall: Organizational Identity Do: Use personal pronouns (“I,” “we”). Do not: Take on the identity of a large organization.
Pitfall: Blame Do: Take responsibility for your share of the problem. Do not: Try to shift blame or responsibility to others.
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Pitfall: “Off the Record” Do: Assume everything you say and do is part of the public record. Do not: Make side comments or “confidential” remarks.
Pitfall: Risk/Benefit/Cost Comparisons Do: Discuss risks and benefits in separate communications. Do not: Discuss your costs along with risk levels.
Pitfall: Risk Comparison Do: Use them to help put risks in perspective. Do not: Compare unrelated risks.
Pitfall: Health Risk Numbers Do: Stress that true risk is between zero and the worst-case estimate. Base actions on federal and state standards rather than risk numbers. Do not: State absolutes or expect the lay public to understand risk numbers.
Pitfall: Numbers Do: Emphasize performance, trends, and achievements. Do not: Mention or repeat large negative numbers.
Pitfall: Technical Details and Debates Do: Focus your remarks on empathy, competence, honesty, and dedication. Do not: Provide too much detail or take part in protracted technical debates.
Pitfall: Length of Presentations Do: Limit presentations to 15 minutes. Do not: Ramble or fail to plan the time well.
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5.0 LESSONS LEARNED
For this project, HGL has tried to identify sites in New Mexico where DOD public outreach activities have occurred. HGL has identified the following five projects:10
• Former Walker Air Force Base • Fort Wingate Army Depot • Cannon Air Force Base • Holloman Air Force Base • Kirtland Air Force Base
This section will briefly discuss the community outreach activities conducted at each location. It is important to note that information at some locations is limited. When available, a summary of the pitfalls and successes related to community relations activities will be discussed in order to identify methods that may be helpful for future community relations programs. At each location, representative agencies, community leaders, and concerned citizens established a RAB in order to obtain the community’s input into the decision-making process of the DOD’s environmental cleanup program.
5.1 Former Walker Air Force Base–FUDS
In 1991, the USACE began restoration efforts at the former Walker AFB under the DERP-FUDS program. Under the requirements of DERP, the USACE was required to initiate community relations activities in the surrounding community of Roswell, New Mexico. Community relations activities began at the site in approximately 1997 and are still occurring today.
The USACE presented its Groundwater Abatement Plan to the community in 1997, leaving it open for public comment. In April 1998, the newly appointed project manager met with all of the community members directly affected by the groundwater contamination. At that meeting, the community members expressed their concerns that the USACE was not adequately restoring the contaminated aquifer. In August 1998, the USACE conducted interviews with 28 community members including landowners, city and county representatives, elected officials, business owners, and the media.
Later that year, the USACE establised a RAB to support the remediation efforts at the site. The RAB is comprised of a diverse group of stakeholders including local citizens, and officals from the City of Roswell, the USACE, the EPA, and the NMED. The RAB for the former Walker AFB meets quarterly. It is a communications forum enabling the public to provide input to the USACE on cleanup efforts at the site, and each RAB meeting is open to the public and advertised in the Roswell Daily Record. RAB members strongly encourage public participation.
RAB meeting summaries are available for the meetings that occurred from April 25, 2000 through February 19, 2004. Overall, the former Walker AFB RAB was successful at bringing representatives of federal agencies and state regulators together with the public. The public was kept informed of remedial activities occurring at the site, and given regular updates on the
10 The Waste Installation Pilot Plant, located in southeastern, New Mexico was not included in this discussion.
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USACE’s progress. In the January 18, 2001 meeting summary, RAB members were unanimous in their support of the RAB. One member commended the USACE for being “very intent on listening to what the people are saying.” He also noted that the USACE had “put into action some of the things that [the RAB] recommended.” Generally, the public was satisfied with the RAB, although according to the July 20, 2000 meeting summary, one RAB member was concerned that the RAB was not “connected with the rest of the community.”
Public participation remained a problem with the former Walker AFB RAB, and according to the January 16, 2003 meeting summary, RAB members felt that public participation was low for several reasons. RAB members felt that the public was comfortable with what was happening with the RAB, and that there was no perceived imminent threat at the former Walker AFB. According to the former Walker AFB RAB website, the most recent meeting was held on December 2, 2004.
5.2 Fort Wingate Army Depot–BRAC/Native American
In 1988, the DOD’s Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Commission recommended the closure of Fort Wingate, in Gallup, New Mexico. In 1994, the installation commander formed a BRAC cleanup team (BCT) and RAB. Notices in local newspapers advertising the RAB’s formation, and solicitations to various community leaders were among the activities taken to ensure the RAB reflected the diversity of stakeholders in the community. As a result, the RAB at Fort Wingate included officials from the Army and the Bureau of Indian Affairs, local Native American tribes (Navajo and Zuni), and other local citizens and community leaders.
RAB members met quarterly, beginning in 1994 until an unknown date, and reviewed all remedial actions developed by the DOD contractors for the site. RAB members also served as observers at BCT meetings. The BCT met quarterly to discuss technical and regulatory issues, coordinated all remedial actions, remedialdDesigns, and investigations, and defined the work for installation closure and transfer. Specific issues introduced by community representatives included archeological sites found in the area, Native American cultural history, and land reuse. The land at the Fort Wingate Army Depot was slated for return to the Navajo and Zuni tribes, however the schedule for the closure of the base was confusing due to the continued use of the facility by the military and military contractors.
An October 2004 report prepared by the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council, Environmental Justice and Federal Facilities: Recommendations for Improving Stakeholder Relations Between Federal Facilities and Environmental Justice Communities, includes a case study of public relations activities at the Fort Wingate Army Depot. The report identified a series of failures with the Fort Wingate Army Depot community relations program.
One major failure was the lack of understanding about Navajo and Zuni cultures. The military hired a contractor to conduct a cultural assessment at the site. The cultural assessment was inaccurate, and addressed the risks posed to salmon runs and subsistence fishing, but did not address sheep herding, a practice utilized by both cultures for subsistence. Neither culture used salmon for subsistence, and there are no salmon streams in the high desert of New Mexico. The Navajo and Zuni were deeply insulted that their cultures were misrepresented and lumped in with other Native American Nations, as if all indigenous peoples are the same. The language barrier was another major cultural problem presented at the Fort Wingate Army Depot. The BCT and RAB meetings were conducted in the highly technical language of the federal government or of
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 51 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico science. The Navajo and Zuni members of the BCT and RAB groups did not have an adequate level of technical and scientific understanding, and therefore felt unprepared to participate in discussions about the land transfer and cleanup process.
Another problem with the community relations program was the general lack of public participation in site cleanup. The public was minimally engaged in the cleanup process at this site. The government made numerous attempts to engage the public, however the length of time of the restoration process may have contributed to the lack of public interest. Another factor that has contributed to this lack of public involvement is the fact that the land is scheduled to be returned to the Navajo and the Zuni. Non-natives in this area see no reason to participate, because they do not have any perceived investment in the land, and will not benefit from use of the land after cleanup has occurred.
The report recommended formal training for all parties, so as to educate them on each of the other party’s cultures and processes. The Navajo and Zuni members of the community would be trained in the environmental statutes that govern site cleanup, and the government officials would be trained on the cultures of the Navajo and the Zuni. The report also suggested a commitment from the government and other parties to a firm restoration and transfer schedule, coupled with a better dissemination of information about the restoration and transfer activities.
5.3 Cannon Air Force Base–AFCEE
In 1983, the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE) initiated on behalf of the U.S. Air Force an Environmental Restoration Program (ERP) at Cannon AFB, an active DOD facility near the communities of Clovis and Portales, New Mexico. An ERP is a corrective action provided by RCRA In 1995, the DOD formed a RAB, which remained very active until 2002, when public interest began to wane. In addition, “partnering meetings” between the DOD and the NMED were conducted approximately every two months, which provided a forum where issues would be discussed.
Additional community relations activities that occurred at Cannon AFB include the following:
• Establishment of an information repository; • Maintenance of a mailing list of all interested parties in the community; and • Development of a Community Relations Plan;
Specific issues addressed when conducting community relations activities included archeological sites found in the area, threatened and endangered species, wetlands and floodplains, and various land use concerns. Activities required by the ERP are still ongoing at the site, however, it is unknown if community relations activities are still being conducted.
5.4 Holloman Air Force Base–AFCEE
In 1983, the Air Force initiated an ERP at Holloman AFB, an active DOD facility near the community of Alamogordo in Otero County, New Mexico. Shortly thereafter, the Air Force established an information repository at the Alamogordo Public Library, which contained all ERP reports published for the site. In 2001, the DOD formed a RAB that included local and state government officials, Air Force officials, and citizens from nearby communities. The RAB meets
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd 52 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico twice a year. The Air Force also produces semi-annual newsletters updating concerned citizens on the status of ERP activities at Holloman AFB.
5.5 Kirtland Air Force Base–AFCEE
In 1981, the Air Force initiated an installation restoration program at Kirtland AFB, an active DOD facility located in the community of Albuquerque, New Mexico. The program is designed to access past waste disposal and spill sites at Air Force installations, and develop remedial actions at sites that pose a threat to human health or the environment, compliant with RCRA regulations. In addition, the Air Force initiated an environmental compliance program at an unknown date. Thisprogram monitors Air Force activities that impact the environment and ensures that all base activities are in compliance with state and federal environmental laws. The Air Force has also initiated many other small compliance programs in the past.
Community relations activities began in 1990 when the Kirtland AFB CRP was developed. The formation of a RAB in 1991, the Bernalillo County/Kirtland AFB Environmental Working Group, was a component of the PIP. The RAB was designed to act as the liaison among the communities of Kirtland AFB, Bernalillo County, the City of Albuquerque, the base, contractor personnel involved in the base restoration, and regulatory agencies including the EPA, the NMED, and the County Health Department. RAB meetings were held quarterly. In addition, a mailing list and fact sheets were developed, and an information repository was developed at the Technical- Vocational Institute Joseph Montoya Campus Library. Kirtland AFB also offered training classes focusing on environmental issues for environmental public affairs staff and interested citizens.
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PARTIES TO BE CONTACTED AS PART OF COMMUNITY RELATIONS ACTIVITIES HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
APPENDIX A CONTACT LIST OF COMMUNITY LEADERS AND INTERESTED PARTIES
1.0 FEDERAL
1.1 ELECTED OFFICIALS–U.S. SENATE
The Honorable Jeff Bingaman U.S. Senate 703 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 Telephone: 202.224.5521
• Address 2: The Honorable Jeff Bingaman 119 East Marcy Suite 101 Sante Fe, NM 87501 Telephone: 505.988.6647
• Address 3: The Honorable Jeff Bingaman 625 Silver Avenue, SW Suite 130 Albuquerque, NM 87102 Telephone: 505.346-6601
• Address 4: The Honorable Jeff Bingaman 148 Loretto Towne Centre 505 South Main Las Cruces, NM 88001 Telephone: 505.523.6561
• Address 5: The Honorable Jeff Bingaman 118 Bridge Street, Suite 3 P.O. Box 1977 Las Vegas, NM 87701 Telephone: 505.454.8824
• Address 6: The Honorable Jeff Bingaman 105 West Third Suite 409 Roswell, NM 88201 Telephone: 505.622.7113
The Honorable Pete V. Domenici U.S. Senate
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328 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 Telephone: 202.224.6621
• Address 2: The Honorable Pete V. Domenici 201 3rd Street, NW Suite 710 Albuquerque, NM 87102 Telephone: 505.346.6791
• Address 3: The Honorable Pete V. Domenici Loretto Town Center 505 South Main, Suite 118 Las Cruces, NM 88001 Telephone: 505.526.5475
• Address 4: The Honorable Pete V. Domenici 120 South Federal Place Suite 302 Santa Fe, NM 87501 Telephone: 505.988.6511
• Address 5: The Honorable Pete V. Domenici 500 North Richardson Suite 227 Roswell, NM 88201 Telephone: 505.623.6170
1.2 ELECTED OFFICIALS–U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
The Honorable Steve Pearce U.S. House of Representatives 1607 Longworth House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 Telephone: 202.225.2365
• Address 2: The Honorable Steve Pearce 1923 North Dal Paso Hobbs, NM 88240 Telephone: 505.392.8325
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• Address 3: The Honorable Steve Pearce 400 North Telshor Suite E Las Cruces, NM 88011 Telephone: 505.522.2219
• Address 4: The Honorable Steve Pearce 1717 West 2nd Street Suite 100 Roswell, NM 88201 Telephone: 505.622.0055
• Address 5: The Honorable Steve Pearce 111 School of Mines Road Socorro, NM 87801 Telephone: 505.838.7516
1.3 FEDERAL AGENCY OFFICIALS
To Be Determined—Project-specific Project Chemist U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque District 4101 Jefferson Place Albuquerque, NM 87109 Telephone: 505.342.3100
To Be Determined—Project-specific Technical Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque District 4101 Jefferson Place Albuquerque, NM 87109 Telephone: 505.342.3100
To Be Determined—Project-specific Public Affairs Officer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque District 4101 Jefferson Place Albuquerque, NM 87109 Telephone: 505.342.3100
To Be Determined—Project-specific U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1445 Ross Avenue Suite 1200 Dallas, TX 75202 Telephone: 214.665.6444
• Additional Example
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Louisiana/New Mexico Airport Development Office U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, SW Region 2601 Meacham Boulevard Ft. Worth, TX 76137 Telephone: 817.222.5630
2.0 STATE
2.1 ELECTED OFFICIALS (Select only the State Senate and State House of Representatives that are applicable to each FUDS site)
Governor Bill Richardson Office of the Governor 490 Old Santa Fe Trail Room 400 Sante Fe, NM 87501 Telephone: 505.476.2200
Lt. Governor Diane Denish Office of the Lieutenant Governor State Capitol Suite 417 Sante Fe, NM 87501 Telephone: 800.432.4406
Attorney General Patricia Madrid Office of the Attorney General Post Office Drawer 1508 Santa Fe, NM 87504 Telephone: 505.827.5826
The Honorable Rod Adair New Mexico State Senate Box 96 Roswell, New Mexico 88202 Telephone: 505.627.8372
The Honorable Ben D. Altamirano New Mexico State Senate 1123 Santa Rita Street Silver City, New Mexico 88061 Telephone: 505.538.3525
The Honorable Thomas A. Anderson New Mexico House of Representatives 10013 Plunkett Drive NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87114 Telephone: 505.897.2593
The Honorable Janice E. Arnold-Jones New Mexico House of Representatives
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7713 Sierra Azul NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 Telephone: 505.938.3141
The Honorable Vernon D. Asbill New Mexico State Senate 1502 Mountain Shadow Carlsbad, New Mexico 88220 Telephone: 505.302.8135
The Honorable Hector H. Balderas New Mexico House of Representatives Box 88 Wagon Mound, New Mexico 87752 Telephone: 505.730.1342
The Honorable Sue Wilson Beffort New Mexico State Senate 67 Raindance Road Sandia Park, New Mexico 87047 Telephone: 505.292.7116
The Honorable Ray Begaye New Mexico House of Representatives Box 609 Shiprock, New Mexico 87420 Telephone: 505.368.4192
The Honorable Mark Boitano New Mexico State Senate 3615 Horacio Court Albuquerque, New Mexico 87111 Telephone: 505.798.1092
The Honorable William “Ed” Boykin New Mexico House of Representatives 3035 Hillrise Drive Las Cruces, New Mexico 88011 Telephone: 505.522.8174
The Honorable Donald E. Bratton New Mexico House of Representatives 2012 North McKinley Hobbs, New Mexico 88240 Telephone: 505.393.2937
The Honorable Pete Campos New Mexico State Senate 500 Raynolds Avenue Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701 Telephone: 505.454.5700
The Honorable Jose A. Campos
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New Mexico House of Representatives 1050 South 10th Street Santa Rosa, New Mexico 88435 Telephone: 505.472.5267
The Honorable Joseph J. Carraro New Mexico State Senate 10216 Carraro Place NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87114 Telephone: 505.898.9369
The Honorable Joseph Cervantes New Mexico House of Representatives 2610 South Espina Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001 Telephone: 505.526.5600
The Honorable Gail Chasey New Mexico House of Representatives 425 Aliso Drive NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108 Telephone: 505.266.5191
The Honorable Ernest H. Chavez New Mexico House of Representatives 1531 Severo Road SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87105 Telephone: 505.877.5416
The Honorable Richard P. Cheney New Mexico House of Representatives Box 15044 Farmington, New Mexico 87401 Telephone: 505.632.1363
The Honorable Carlos R. Cisneros New Mexico State Senate Box 1129 Questa, New Mexico 87556 Telephone: 505.670.5610
The Honorable Kandy Cordova New Mexico House of Representatives 613 Frederico Boulevard Belen, New Mexico 87002 Telephone: 505.864.1483
The Honorable Kent L. Cravens New Mexico State Senate 1017 Richfield Avenue NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87122 Telephone: 505.294.1368
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The Honorable Anna M. Crook New Mexico House of Representatives 1041 Fairway Terrace Clovis, New Mexico 88101 Telephone: 505.763.4108
The Honorable Dianna J. Duran New Mexico State Senate 909 8th Street Tularosa, New Mexico 88352 Telephone: 505.585.9896
The Honorable Candy Spence Ezzell New Mexico House of Representatives Box 2125 Roswell, New Mexico 88202 Telephone: 505.625.0550
The Honorable Dede Feldman New Mexico State Senate 1821 Meadowview NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87104 Telephone: 505.242.1997
The Honorable Joseph A. Fidel New Mexico State Senate Box 968 Grants, New Mexico 87020 Telephone: 505.287.4432
The Honorable Daniel R. Foley New Mexico House of Representatives Box 3194 Roswell, New Mexico 88202 Telephone: 505.624.0608
The Honorable Justine Fox-Young New Mexico House of Representatives 3108 Dallas Street NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 Telephone: 505.883.3017
The Honorable Miguel P. Garcia New Mexico House of Representatives 1118 La Font Road SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87105 Telephone: 505.450.2455
The Honorable Mary Helen Garcia New Mexico House of Representatives 5271 State Highway 28 Las Cruces, New Mexico 88005 Telephone: 505.526.2726
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The Honorable Mary Jane M. Garcia New Mexico State Senate Box 22 Dona Ana, New Mexico 88032 Telephone: 505.523.0440
The Honorable Keith J. Gardner New Mexico House of Representatives 4500 Verde Drive Roswell, New Mexico 88201 Telephone: 505.622.6500
The Honorable Roberto J. “Bobby” Gonzales New Mexico House of Representatives 6193 NDCBU Taos, New Mexico 87571 Telephone: 505.758.2674
The Honorable Phil A. Griego New Mexico State Senate Box 10 San Jose, New Mexico 87565 Telephone: 505.988.2233
The Honorable John T.L. Grubesic New Mexico State Senate 1322 Paseo De Peralta Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Telephone: 505.820.1825
The Honorable Joni Marie Gutierrez New Mexico House of Representatives 208 North Miranda Las Cruces, New Mexico 88005 Telephone: 505.647.5577
The Honorable Jimmie C. Hall New Mexico House of Representatives 13008 Gray Hills Road NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87111 Telephone: 505.294.6178
The Honorable Dianne Miller Hamilton New Mexico House of Representatives 4132 North Gold Street Silver City, New Mexico 88061 Telephone: 505.538.9336
The Honorable George J. Hanosh New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1299 Grants, New Mexico 87020 Telephone: 505.287.7521
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The Honorable Clinton D. Harden New Mexico State Senate 1348 CRH Clovis, New Mexico 88101 Telephone: 505.389.1248
The Honorable Irvin Harrison New Mexico House of Representatives 501 South Patton Gallup, New Mexico 87301 Telephone: 505.863.1216
The Honorable John A. Heaton New Mexico House of Representatives 102 South Canyon Carlsbad, New Mexico 88220 Telephone: 505.887.5983
The Honorable Manuel G. Herrera New Mexico House of Representatives 300 North Franey Street Bayard, New Mexico 88023 Telephone: 505.537.5577
The Honorable Ted Hobbs New Mexico House of Representatives 1415 Catron Avenue SE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123 Telephone: 505.292.3139
The Honorable Stuart Ingle New Mexico State Senate 2106 West University Drive Portales, New Mexico 88130 Telephone: 505.356.3088
The Honorable Dona G. Irwin New Mexico House of Representatives 420 South Slate Deming, New Mexico 88030 Telephone: 505.546.2691
The Honorable Timothy Z. Jennings New Mexico State Senate Box 1797 Roswell, New Mexico 88202.1797 Telephone: 505.623.8331
The Honorable Gay G. Kernan New Mexico State Senate 928 West Mesa Verde Hobbs, New Mexico 88240 Telephone: 505.392.2327
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The Honorable Rhonda S. King New Mexico House of Representatives Box 6 Stanley, New Mexico 87056 Telephone: 505.832.5050
The Honorable Steve Komadina New Mexico State Senate Box 2085 Corrales, New Mexico 87048 Telephone: 505.893.2840
The Honorable Larry A. Larranaga New Mexico House of Representatives 7716 Lamplighter NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109 Telephone: 505.821.4948
The Honorable Carroll H. Leavell New Mexico State Senate Drawer D Jal, New Mexico 88252 Telephone: 505.395.2535
The Honorable Linda M. Lopez New Mexico State Senate 9132 Suncrest SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87121 Telephone: 505.831.4148
The Honorable Ben Lujan New Mexico House of Representatives 05 Entrada Celedon y Nestora Santa Fe, New Mexico 87506 Telephone: 505.455.3354
The Honorable Antonio Lujan New Mexico House of Representatives 429 1/2 San Pedro Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001 Telephone: 505.556.1657
The Honorable Fred Luna New Mexico House of Representatives 1651 Los Lentes NE Los Lunas, New Mexico 87031 Telephone: 505.865.7426
The Honorable Patricia A. Lundstrom New Mexico House of Representatives 3406 Bluehill Avenue Gallup, New Mexico 87301 Telephone: 505.722.4327
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The Honorable James Roger Madalena New Mexico House of Representatives Box 255 Jemez Pueblo, New Mexico 87024 Telephone: 505.867.3351
The Honorable Terry T. Marquardt New Mexico House of Representatives 903, New York Avenue Alamogordo, New Mexico 88310 Telephone: 505.437.7783
The Honorable Richard C. Martinez New Mexico State Senate Box 934 Espanola, New Mexico 87532 Telephone: 505.753.8027
The Honorable W. Ken Martinez New Mexico House of Representatives Box 730 Grants, New Mexico 87020 Telephone: 505.287.8801
The Honorable Kathy A. McCoy New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1488 Cedar Crest, New Mexico 87008 Telephone: 505.281.9540
The Honorable Cisco McSorley New Mexico State Senate 3205 Berkley Place NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106 Telephone: 505.266.0588
The Honorable Rick Miera New Mexico House of Representatives 1011 Forrester NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102 Telephone: 505.843.6641
The Honorable Brian K. Moore New Mexico House of Representatives Box 56 Clayton, New Mexico 88415 Telephone: 505.374.9681
The Honorable Cynthia Nava New Mexico State Senate 3002 Broadmoor Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001 Telephone: 505.882.6200
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The Honorable Steven P. Neville New Mexico State Senate Box 1570 Aztec, New Mexico 87410 Telephone: 505.327.5450
The Honorable Andy Nunez New Mexico House of Representatives Box 746 Hatch, New Mexico 87937 Telephone: 505.267.3451
The Honorable Gerald Ortiz y Pino New Mexico State Senate 400 12th Street NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102 Telephone: 505.265.3717
The Honorable Mary Kay Papen New Mexico State Senate 904 Conway Avenue Las Cruces, New Mexico 88005 Telephone: 505.524.4462
The Honorable Al Park New Mexico House of Representatives 1840 Dakota NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 Telephone: 505.256.0818
The Honorable Greg Payne New Mexico House of Representatives 10012 Gutierrez NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87111 Telephone: 505.766.9676
The Honorable William H. Payne New Mexico State Senate Box 14823 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87191 Telephone: 505.884.6872
The Honorable Danice Picraux New Mexico House of Representatives 4308 Avenida La Resolana NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 Telephone: 505.232.2977
The Honorable John Pinto New Mexico State Senate Box 163 Tohatchi, New Mexico 87191 Telephone: 928.871.6952
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The Honorable Jane E. Powdrell-Culbert New Mexico House of Representatives Box 2819 Corrales, New Mexico 87048 Telephone: 505.721.9021
The Honorable Lidio G. Rainaldi New Mexico State Senate 1101 Martinelli Gallup, New Mexico 87301 Telephone: 505.863.3643
The Honorable Leonard Lee Rawson New Mexico State Senate Box 996 Las Cruces, New Mexico 88004 Telephone: 505.528.1801
The Honorable Shannon Robinson New Mexico State Senate 716 Indiana SE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108 Telephone: 505.247.2972
The Honorable Debbie A. Rodella New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1074 San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico 87566 Telephone: 505.665.0075
The Honorable Nancy Rodriguez New Mexico State Senate 1838 Camino La Canada Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Telephone: 505.983.8913
The Honorable Harriet I. Ruiz New Mexico House of Representatives 2647 Polvo de Oro Albuquerque, New Mexico 87120 Telephone: 505.573.1563
The Honorable John C. Ryan New Mexico State Senate 1020 Salamanca NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107 Telephone: 505.343.1400
The Honorable Henry Kiki Saavedra New Mexico House of Representatives 2838 2nd Street SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102 Telephone: 505.350.0486
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The Honorable Nick L. Salazar New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1076 San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico 87566 Telephone: 505.667.0362
The Honorable Bernadette M. Sanchez New Mexico State Senate Box 25931 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87125 Telephone: 505.270.6952
The Honorable Michael S. Sanchez New Mexico State Senate 3 Bunton Road Belen, New Mexico 87002 Telephone: 505.865.0688
The Honorable Edward C. Sandoval New Mexico House of Representatives 5102 12th Street NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107 Telephone: 505.344.8449
The Honorable William E. Sharer New Mexico State Senate Box 203 Farmington, New Mexico 87499 Telephone: 505.325.5055
The Honorable Daniel P. Silva New Mexico House of Representatives 1323 Canyon Trail SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87121 Telephone: 505.280.9647
The Honorable John Arthur Smith New Mexico State Senate Box 998 Deming, New Mexico 88031 Telephone: 505.546.4979
The Honorable Diane H. Snyder New Mexico State Senate 7006 Elna Court NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 Telephone: 505.830.1669
The Honorable Sheryl Williams Stapleton New Mexico House of Representatives Box 25385 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108 Telephone: 505.265.6089
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd A-14 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
The Honorable Joe M. Stell New Mexico House of Representatives 22 Colwell Ranch Road Carlsbad, New Mexico 88220 Telephone: 505.785.2188
The Honorable Mimi Stewart New Mexico House of Representatives 313 Moon Street NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123 Telephone: 505.880.8249
The Honorable Thomas E. Swisstack New Mexico House of Representatives 300 Encantado Ridge Court Rio Rancho, New Mexico 87124 Telephone: 505.761.6600
The Honorable James G. Taylor New Mexico State Senate 3909 Camino Del Valle SW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87105 Telephone: 505.877.4986
The Honorable Thomas C. Taylor New Mexico House of Representatives 5909 Rinconada Farmington, New Mexico 87402 Telephone: 505.325.8941
The Honorable Sandra L. Townsend New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1292 Aztec, New Mexico 87410 Telephone: 505.334.2481
The Honorable Don L. Tripp New Mexico House of Representatives Box 1369 Socorro, New Mexico 87801 Telephone: 505.835.2465
The Honorable Jim R. Trujillo New Mexico House of Representatives 1901 Morris Place Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 Telephone: 505.470.0143
The Honorable Leonard Tsosie New Mexico State Senate Box 1003 Crownpoint, New Mexico 87313
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd A-15 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
The Honorable Luciano “Lucky” Varela New Mexico House of Representatives 1709 Callejon Zenaida Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Telephone: 505.982.1292
The Honorable Gloria C. Vaughn New Mexico House of Representatives 503 East 16th Street Alamogordo, New Mexico 88310 Telephone: 505.434.2819
The Honorable Richard D. Vigil New Mexico House of Representatives Box 456 Ribera, New Mexico 87560 Telephone: 505.425.9793
The Honorable Jeanette O. Wallace New Mexico House of Representatives 1913 Spruce Street Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544 Telephone: 505.661.2575
The Honorable Donald L. Whitaker New Mexico Secretary of State Box 974 Eunice, New Mexico 88231 Telephone: 505.394.2045
The Honorable W.C. “Dub” Williams New Mexico House of Representatives HC66, Box 10 Glencoe, New Mexico 88324 Telephone: 505.378.4181
The Honorable Avon W. Wilson New Mexico House of Representatives Box 381 Roswell, New Mexico 88202 Telephone: 505.624.7442
The Honorable Peter Wirth New Mexico House of Representatives 1035 Camino de la Cruz Blanca Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 Telephone: 505.988.1668
The Honorable Eric A. Youngberg New Mexico House of Representatives Box 25924 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87125 Telephone: 505.843.8181
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd A-16 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
The Honorable Teresa A. Zanetti New Mexico House of Representatives 1611 Francisca Road NW Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107 Telephone: 505.344.7248
2.2 STATE AGENCY OFFICIALS
Secretary Michelle Lujan Grisham New Mexico Department of Health 1190 South Saint Francis Drive Santa Fe, NM 87502 Telephone: 505.827.2613
To Be Determined—Project-specific New Mexico Environment Department 2905 Rodeo Park Drive East, Building 1 Santa Fe, NM 87505 Telephone: 505.428.2554
• Additional Example New Mexico Department of Transportation, Aviation Division 1550 Pacheco Street Santa Fe, NM 87505 Telephone: 505.476.0930
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd A-17 HGL 3/9/06 HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
3.0 MUNICIPAL
3.1 Elected Officials
Mayor
County Commissioners
City Councilmembers
3.2 Municipal Agencies
Chief of Police
City Attorney
Public Works Director
Fire Chief
Facility Manager(s)—such as an Airport Manager
Public Safety Officer
Parks and Recreation Officer
4.0 MEDIA CONTACTS
Editor(s) of local newspaper(s)
5.0 PRIVATE
Local Land Owners
Neighboring Land Owners
President, Local Chamber of Commerce
Local Environmental/Activist Group
Local Religious Leaders
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—Privileged and Confidential Attorney/Client Work Product—Privileged R02-06 556.wpd A-18 HGL 3/9/06 APPENDIX B
ENDANGERED SPECIES LIST FOR NEW MEXICO
Obtained from
New Mexico Department of Game and Fish One Wildlife Way Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507 NEW MEXICO SPECIES of CONCERN
STATUS & DISTRIBUTION
STATE OF NEW MEXICO: THREATENED, ENDANGERED, SENSITIVE, ENDEMIC USFWS: THREATENED, ENDANGERED, CANDIDATE, PROPOSED, SPECIES OF CONCERN US BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT: SENSITIVE US FOREST SERVICE: SENSITIVE EXTIRPATED FROM NEW MEXICO EXTINCT
State-wide lists: pages 3-12 County lists: pages 13-65 Definitions: pages 66-67
TABLE KEY
FWS ESA US FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE; ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT NM WCA NEW MEXICO; WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ACT FS R3 US FOREST SERVICE; REGION 3, NEW MEXICO & ARIZONA (old list, revision in progress) BLM NM US BLM, NEW MEXICO (old list, revision in progress) NM Sen NEW MEXICO; SENSITIVE (INFORMAL) and/or ENDEMIC TO NM FWS SOC US FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE; SPECIES OF CONCERN (INFORMAL)
E ENDANGERED T THREATENED P PROPOSED C CANDIDATE R RESTRICTED s SENSITIVE or SPECIES OF CONCERN (SOC) g Cooperative Agreement n ENDEMIC TO NEW MEXICO h Federal "Critical Habitat" designated m Recovery or Management Plan DM Delisted from ESA List but monitoring continuing (FWS ESA) AD Proposed Delisting (FWS ESA) EXPN Nonessential Experimental Population (FWS ESA) () In progress or draft
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 1 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This report can be accessed electronically at the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish's website at http://www.gmfsh.state.nm.us under "Non Game".
COMPLETE SPECIES ACCOUNTS: Information pertaining to taxonomy, status, distribution, habitat, environmental association, food habits, management practices and references for all vertebrates and selected invertebrates in New Mexico is in a database, the Biota Information System of New Mexico (BISON-M), maintained by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Conservation Services Division.
Accounts on the Web at: http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/states/nm.htm
USFWS accounts: http://ifw2es.fws.gov/endangeredspecies/lists/ListSpecies.cfm
or contact Jim Hirsch Conservation Services Division New Mexico Department of Game & Fish P.O. Box 25112 Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504
voice:505-476-8036 fax:505-476-8128 e-mail: [email protected] or NM Department of Game and Fish, Endangered Species Program in Santa Fe at (505) 476-8101.
Information on federal status species is provided as a courtesy only. We suggest you contact the indicated federal agency for specifics regarding the status of these species. Offices: USFWS, Ecological Services Office, Albuquerque; US Forest Service Region 3 Office, Albuquerque; and US Bureau of Land Management State Office, Santa Fe.
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 2 EXTINCT
(Native New Mexico Species which no longer exists anywhere)
Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (USFS sensitive) Phantom Shiner Notropis orca New Mexico Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus hueyi (NM endemic) Hot Springs Cotton Rat Sigmodon fulviventer goldmani (NM endemic) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami Florida Mountainsnail Oreohelix florida (NM endemic)
APPARENTLY EXTIRPATED
(NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY no longer occurring in New Mexico but existing elsewhere)
FISH
Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (NM Endangered) Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus American Eel Anguilla rostrata Bonytail Chub Gila elegans (Federal Eendangered) Beautiful Shiner Cyprinella formosa (Federal Threatened; Coop. Argreement) Palomas Pupfish Cyprinodon sp. (FWS SOC) Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens
AMPHIBIANS
Western Boreal ToadBufo boreas (Possibly extirpated; NM Endangered; Fed Candidate; Mgt. Plan)
BIRDS
Gunnison Sage-Grouse Centrocercus minimus
MAMMALS
Gray Wolf Canis lupus (Federal endangered C.l. baileyi reintroduced; other subsp. extirpated) Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (Federal threatened) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (Federal endangered with recovery plan) Mink Mustela vison energumenos Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (FWS SOC; possibly extirpated) Lynx Lynx lynx (no specimens or verified records) Wolverine Gulo gulo (no specimens or verified records)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 3 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST
Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC FISH
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Gila Trout Oncorhynchus gilae E m T s - - - Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus - T s - - - Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Gila Chub Gila intermedia PE E s s - - Chihuahua Chub Gila nigrescens T mg E s - - - Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus E ghm E s - - - Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Canadian Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis tetranemus - T - s - s Spikedace Meda fulgida T hmg T s - - - Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi (Native pop.) T h E - - - - Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus - - - s s s Pecos Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus pecosensis T hgm T - - - - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Southern Redbelly Dace Phoxinus erythrogaster - E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Colorado Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius E hmg E - - - - Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis T hm T s - - - Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus (Gila pop.) - - - s - - Desert Sucker Catostomus clarki - - - s s s Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi C E s s - - Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis - - - s s s Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - - Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus - E - s - s Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum - T s - - s Razorback Sucker Xyrauchen texanus E hg - s - s - Headwater Catfish Ictalurus lupus - - s s s s Chihuahua Catfish Ictalurus sp - - - - s s Pecos Pupfish Cyprinodon pecosensis g T - - - s White Sands Pupfish Cyprinodon tularosa g T - - n s Pecos Gambusia Gambusia nobilis E mg E - - - - Gila Topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis occidentalis E m T s - - - Greenthroat Darter Etheostoma lepidum - T - - - s Bigscale Logperch Percina macrolepida (Native pop.) - T - - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 4 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
AMPHIBIANS Sacramento Mountain Salamander Aneides hardii - T s s n s Jemez Mountains Salamander Plethodon neomexicanus gm T s s n s Colorado River Toad Bufo alvarius - T s - - - Western Boreal Toad Bufo boreas boreas C m E s - - - Arizona Toad Bufo microscaphus microscaphus - - s s s s Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad Gastrophryne olivacea - E s - - - Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - - Lowland Leopard Frog Rana yavapaiensis - E s s - s
REPTILES Western River Cooter Pseudemys gorzugi - T s - - - Big Bend Slider Trachemys gaigeae - - - - s - Bleached Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata ruthveni - - - - s n - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Sand Dune Lizard Sceloporus arenicolus C T - s - - Bunch Grass Lizard Sceloporus slevini - T s - - - White Sands Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi - - - - s n - Giant Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus burti - T s s - - Gray-checkered Whiptail Cnemidophorus dixoni - E - s - s Little White Whiptail Cnemidophorus gypsi - - - - s n - Mountain Skink Eumeces callicephalus - T s - - - Reticulate Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum suspectum - E s - - - Gray-banded Kingsnake Lampropeltis alterna - E - - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - California Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula californiae - - - - s - Blotched Water Snake Nerodia erythrogaster transversa - E s - - - Green Rat Snake Senticolis triaspis intermedia - T s - - - Yaqui Blackhead Snake Tantilla yaquia - - - - s - Mexican Garter Snake Thamnophis eques megalops - E s s - s Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus - T s - - - Narrowhead Garter Snake Thamnophis rufipunctatus rufipunctatus - T s s - s Mottled Rock Rattlesnake Crotalus lepidus lepidus - T s - - - NM Ridgenose Rattlesnake Crotalus willardi obscurus T hmg E s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 5 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC BIRDS Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - White-tailed Kite Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Northern Gray Hawk Asturina nitida maximus - - s s - - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius DM T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Gould's Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo mexicana - T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana E,EXPN mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Piping Plover Charadrius melodus circumcinctus T g E - - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C* - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Whiskered Screech Owl Otus trichopsis asperus - T - - - s Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - - Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Buff-collared Nightjar Caprimulgus ridgwayi ridgwayi - E s - - - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s -
* For Yellow-billed cuckoo: Western Continental U.S. Distinct Population Segment; individuals found west of the eastern boundary of the Rio Grande drainage are C; individuals found east of this boundary have no federal Endangered Species Act status.
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 6 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC BIRDS CONTINUED Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps ellioti - T s - - - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Lucifer Hummingbird Calothorax lucifer - T s - - - Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae - T s - - - Elegant Trogon Trogon elegans canescens - E s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis uropygialis - T s - - - Northern Beardless Tyrannulet Camptostoma imberbe ridgwayi - E s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Buff-breasted Flycatcher Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus ------Thick-billed Kingbird Tyrannus crassirostris - E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Mexican Chickadee Poecile sclateri eidos - - s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Abert's Towhee Pipilo aberti aberti - T s - - - Botteri's Sparrow Aimophila botterii arizonae - - - - s - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s AZ Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus - T - - - - Yellow-eyed Junco Junco phaeonotus palliatus - T s - - - McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - - Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 7 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC MAMMALS Arizona Shrew Sorex arizonae - E - s - s Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Mexican Long-tongued Bat Choeronycteris mexicana - - s s s s Mexican Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris nivalis E mg E s - - - Lesser Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae E m T s - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Western Yellow Bat Lasiurus xanthinus - T s - - - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Allen's Big-eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis - - - s s s Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Greater Western Mastiff Bat Eumops perotis californicus - - - s s - Goat Peak Pika Ochotona princeps nigrescens - - s s s n s White-tailed Jack Rabbit Lepus townsendii campanius - - - - s - White-sided Jack Rabbit Lepus callotis gaillardi - T s s - s Penasco Least Chipmunk Tamias minimus atristriatus - E s - n s Organ Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus australis - T - s - s Oscura Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus oscuraensis - T - s - - Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes canipes - - - s - - Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes sacramentoensis - - - s s n - Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - White-Mountains Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus monticola - - s - - - Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus tularosae - - - - s n - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - AZ Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis C m - s s s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus lychnuchus - - - - s n - Northern Pocket Gopher Thomomys talpoides taylori - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae actuosus - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae collis - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae connectens - - - - s n - Guadalupe Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae guadalupensis - - s s s s Mearns' Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae mearnsi - - - s s s Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae morulus - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae opulentus - - - - s n - Cebolleta Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae paguatae - - s s s n s Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae planorum - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae ruidosae - - - - s n -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 8 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC MAMMALS CONTINUED Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae tularosae - - - - s n - Southern Pocket Gopher Thomomys umbrinus emotus - T - - - - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Plains Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavescens gypsi - - - - s n - Rock Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus intermedius ater - - - - s n - Rock Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus intermedius rupestris - - - - s - Nelson's Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus nelsoni canescens - - - - s - Yellow-nosed Cotton Rat Sigmodon ochrognathus - - - s - s White-throated Wood Rat Neotoma albigula melas - - - - s n - Mexican Wood Rat Neotoma mexicana atrata - - - - s n - South Plains Wood Rat Neotoma micropus leucophaea - - - - - s Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - Arizona Montane Vole Microtus montanus arizonensis - E s - - - Prairie Vole Microtus ochrogaster haydenii - - - - s - Navajo Mogollon Vole Microtus mogollonensis navaho ------Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi EXPN,E m E s - - - Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - s - s s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - White-nosed Coati Nasua narica - - s - s - American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura milleri - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae - - s s s s Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis E mg R s - s - Sandhill White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus texana - - - - s m - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (hunted pop) - - s - s m -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 9 NEW MEXICO SPECIES OF CONCERN STATE-WIDE LIST Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS NM FS BLM NM FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC MOLLUSCS Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis - E - - - - Texas Hornshell Popenaias popeii C E - - - - Swamp Fingernailclam Musculium partumeium - T - - - - Lake Fingernailclam Musculium lacustre - T s - - - Long Fingernailclam Musculium transversum - T - - - - Lilljeborg's Peaclam Pisidium lilljeborgi - T s - - - Sangre De Cristo Peaclam Pisidium sanguinichristi (g) T s s n s Chupadera Springsnail Pyrgulopsis chupaderae C E - - n - Gila Springsnail Pyrgulopsis gilae C T s - n - Socorro Springsnail Pyrgulopsis neomexicana E mg E s - n - Pecos Springsnail Pyrgulopsis pecosensis - T - s n s Roswell Springsnail Pyrgulopsis roswellensis PE E - - n - New Mexico Springsnail Pyrgulopsis thermalis C T s - n - Alamosa Springsnail Tryonia alamosae E m E s - - - Koster's Springsnail Tryonia kosteri PE E - - n - Pecos Assiminea Snail Assiminea pecos PE E - - - - Wrinkled Marshsnail Stagnicola caperatus - E s - - - Star Gyro Snail Gyraulus crista - T s - - - Shortneck Snaggletooth Snail Gastrocopta dalliana dalliana - E - - - s Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata - T - - - s Cockerell's Striate Disc Snail Discus shimeki cockerelli - - - s s s Florida Mountainsnail Oreohelix florida - - - - - s Mineral Creek Mountainsnail Oreohelix pilsbryi - T - - n s Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Woodlandsnail Ashmunella amblya cornudasensis - - - s n - Cook's Peak Woodlandsnail Ashmunella macromphala - T - s n s Hacheta Grande Woodlandsnail Ashmunella hebardi - T - s n s Dona Ana Talussnail Sonorella todseni - T - s n s CRUSTACEANS Socorro Isopod Thermosphaeroma thermophilum E m E s - n - Noel's Amphipod Gammarus desperatus PE E - s n s Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s - Fairy Shrimp Streptocephalus moorei - - - - s - OTHER INVERTEBRATES False Ameletus Mayfly Ameletus falsus - - s - - - San Ysidro Mealybug Distichlicoccus fontanus - - - - s n - Bonita Diving Beetle Deronectes neomexicana - - - - s s Animas Minute Moss Beetle Limnebius aridus - - - s s s Anthony Blister Beetle Lytta mirifica - - - s s s Tiger Beetle Cicindela politula petrophila - - - - - s Blue-black Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nokomis - - - - - s Boisduval's Blue Butterfly Icaricia icarioides ssp - - - - - s Mountain Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nitocris - - s - - s Chuskae Mountain Checkerspot Butterfly Occidryas anicia chuskae - - - - - s Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s Cloudcroft Checkerspot Butterfly Euphydryas anicia cloudcrofti PE - - - s n - Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - s Albarufan Dagger Moth Acronicta albarufa - - - - s s Slate Millipede Comanchelus chihuanus - - - s s s
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 10 TAXA ENDEMIC TO NEW MEXICO
FISH White Sands Pupfish Cyprinodon tularosa
AMPHIBIANS Sacramento Mountain Salamander Aneides hardii Jemez Mountains Salamander Plethodon neomexicanus
REPTILES Bleached Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata ruthveni White Sands Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi Little White Whiptail Cnemidophorus gypsi Woodland Striped Whiptail Cnemidophorus inornatus juniperus Plains Striped Whiptail Cnemidophorus inornatus llanuras
BIRDS NM Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus hueyi
MAMMALS Goat Peak Pika Ochotona princeps nigrescens Eastern Cottontail Rabbit Sylvilagus floridanus cognatus Penasco Least Chipmunk Tamias minimus atristriatus Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes sacramentoensis Gray-collared Chipmunk Tamias cinereicollis cinereus Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus tularosae Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus lychnuchus Northern Pocket Gopher Thomomys talpoides taylori Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae actuosus Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae collis Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae connectens Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae morulus Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae opulentus Cebolleta Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae paguatae Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae planorum Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae ruidosae Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae tularosae Southern Pocket Gopher Thomomys umbrinus emotus Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris Plains Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavescens gypsi Rock Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus intermedius ater Hot Springs Cotton Rat Sigmodon fulviventer goldmani White-throated Wood Rat Neotoma albigula melas Mexican Wood Rat Neotoma mexicana atrata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 11 TAXA ENDEMIC TO NEW MEXICO - CONTINUED
INVERTEBRATES Sangre De Cristo Peaclam Pisidium sanguinichristi Chupadera Springsnail Pyrgulopsis chupaderae Gila Springsnail Pyrgulopsis gilae Socorro Springsnail Pyrgulopsis neomexicana Pecos Springsnail Pyrgulopsis pecosensis Roswell Springsnail Pyrgulopsis roswellensis New Mexico Hotspring Springsnail Pyrgulopsis thermalis Alamosa Tryonia Snail Tryonia alamosae Koster's Tryonia Snail Tryonia kosteri Metcalf Holospira Snail Holospira metcalfi Bishop Tubeshell Snail Coelostemma pyrgonasta Mountainsnail Oreohelix nogalensis Mineral Creek Mountainsnail Oreohelix pilsbryi Black Range Mountainsnail Oreohelix metcalfei cuchillensis Pinos Altos Mountainsnail Oreohelix confragosa Florida Mountainsnail Oreohelix florida San Augustin Mountainsnail Oreohelix litoralis Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana Fringed Mountainsnail Radiocentrum ferrissi Woodlandsnail Ashmunella amblya cornudasensis Goat Mountain Woodlandsnail Ashmunella harrisi Maple Canyon Woodlandsnail Ashmunella todseni Dry Creek Woodlandsnail Ashmunella tetrodon fragilis Mount Riley Woodlandsnail Ashmunella rileyensis Cook's Peak Woodlandsnail Ashmunella macromphala Florida Mountain Woodlandsnail Ashmunella walkeri Hacheta Grande Woodlandsnail Ashmunella hebardi Animas Peak Woodlandsnail Ashmunella animasensis New Mexico Talussnail Sonorella hachitana peloncillensis Dona Ana Talussnail Sonorella todseni Animas Talussnail Sonorella animasensis Socorro Isopod Thermosphaeroma thermophilum Noel's Amphipod Gammarus desperatus Mayfly Lachlania dencyannae San Ysidro Mealybug Distichlicoccus fontanus Grasshopper Trimerotropis sp. Long-horned Grasshopper Plagiostira mescaleroensis Cricket Ammobaenetes arenicolus Cricket Ammobaentes Cricket Ceuthopilus leptopus Cricket Ceuthopilus mescalero Jerusalem Cricket Stenopelmatus mescaleroensis Neobine Cricket Eunemobius Cloudcroft Checkerspot Butterfly Occidryas anicia cloudcrofti
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 12 New Mexico Species of Concern - Bernalillo County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus E ghm E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - s Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s - White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Buff-breasted Flycatcher Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus - - - - - s Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 13 New Mexico Species of Concern - Bernalillo County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae connectens - - - - s n - New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s Slate Millipede Comanchelus chihuanus - - - s s s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN BERNALILLO COUNTY
Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (extirpated from NM) Longnose Gar Lepisosteus osseus Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis aestivalis Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Phantom Shiner Notropis orca (extinct) Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens (extirpated from NM)
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 14 New Mexico Species of Concern - Catron County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Gila Trout Oncorhynchus gilae E m T s - - - Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Gila Chub Gila intermedia PE E s s - - Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Spikedace Meda fulgida T hmg T s - - - Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis T hm T s - - - Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus (Gila pop.) - - - s - - Desert Sucker Catostomus clarki - - - s s s Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis - - - s s s Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - - Chihuahua Catfish Ictalurus sp - - - - s s Arizona Toad Bufo microscaphus microscaphus - - s s s s Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - - Lowland Leopard Frog Rana yavapaiensis - E s s - s Narrowhead Garter Snake Thamnophis rufipunctatus rufipunctatus - T s s - s Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - s American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis uropygialis - T s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s s Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 15 New Mexico Species of Concern - Catron County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM. FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Allen's Big-eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis - - - s s s Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - White-Mountains Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus monticola (AZ,NM) - - s - - - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Arizona Montane Vole Microtus montanus arizonensis - E s - - - Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi EXPN,E m E s - - - Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - White-nosed Coati Nasua narica - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura milleri - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Gila Pyrg Snail Pyrgulopsis gilae C T s - n - New Mexico Hotspring Pyrg Snail Pyrgulopsis thermalis C T s - n - Mtn Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nitocris - - s - - s SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN CATRON COUNTY
Gila Topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis occidentalis
Colorado River Toad Bufo alvarius
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus modestus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 16 New Mexico Species of Concern - Chaves County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM...FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus - T s - - - Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus - - - s s s Pecos Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus pecosensis T hgm T - - - - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum - T s - - - Headwater Catfish Ictalurus lupus - - s s s s Pecos Pupfish Cyprinodon pecosensis g T - - - s Pecos Gambusia Gambusia nobilis E mg E - - - - Greenthroat Darter Etheostoma lepidum - T - - - s Bigscale Logperch Percina macrolepida (Native pop.) - T - - - - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Sand Dune Lizard Sceloporus arenicolus C T - s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus - T s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - White-tailed Kite Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius DM T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s s Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 17 New Mexico Species of Concern - Chaves County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - AZ Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis C m - s s s - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Sandhill White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus texana - - - - s m -
Roswell Springsnail Pyrgulopsis roswellensis PE E - - n - Koster's Springsnail Tryonia kosteri PE E - - n - Pecos Assiminea Snail Assiminea pecos PE E - - - - Noel's Amphipod Gammarus desperatus PE E - s n -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN CHAVES COUNTY
Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Western River Cooter Pseudemys gorzugi
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Texas Hornshell Popenaias popeii Wrinkled Marshsnail Stagnicola caperatus Crayfish Procambarus simulans simulans
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 18 New Mexico Species of Concern - Cibola County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM...FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi C E s s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - White-Mountains Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus monticola (AZ,NM) - - s - - - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Northern Pocket Gopher Thomomys talpoides taylori - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae collis - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae morulus - - - - s n - Cebolleta Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae paguatae - - s s s n s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s -
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Mtn Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nitocris - - s - - s Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN CIBOLA COUNTY Roundtail Chub Gila robusta Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus modestus Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 19 New Mexico Species of Concern - Colfax County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Southern Redbelly Dace Phoxinus erythrogaster - E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Piping Plover Charadrius melodus circumcinctus T g E - - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - Prairie Vole Microtus ochrogaster haydenii - - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 20 New Mexico Species of Concern - Colfax County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Lake Fingernailclam Musculium lacustre - T s - - - Star Gyro Snail Gyraulus crista - T s - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN COLFAX COUNTY
New Mexico Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus hueyi (extinct, NM endemic)
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis American Bison Bos bison
New Mexico Fritillary Butterfly Speyeria hydaspe conquista
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 21 New Mexico Species of Concern - Curry County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - -
Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN CURRY COUNTY
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 22 New Mexico Species of Concern - De Baca County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus - - - s s s Pecos Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus pecosensis T hgm T - - - - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Headwater Catfish Ictalurus lupus - - s s s s Bigscale Logperch Percina macrolepida (Native pop.) - T - - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - -
Great Egret (no data) Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret (no data) Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron (no data) Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM,m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s
Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN DE BACA COUNTY
Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Pecos Gambusia Gambusia nobilis Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 23 New Mexico Species of Concern - Dona Ana County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Bleached Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata ruthveni - - - - s n - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - White Sands Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi - - - - s n - Little White Whiptail Cnemidophorus gypsi - - - - s n - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Brown Pelican (no data) Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - White-tailed Kite (no data) Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 24 New Mexico Species of Concern - Dona Ana County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - s Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s - Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Organ Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus australis - T - s - s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Rock Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus intermedius rupestris - - - - s - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m -
Dona Ana Talussnail Sonorella todseni - T - s n s Anthony Blister Beetle Lytta mirifica - - - s s s Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN DONA ANA COUNTY
American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis
American Bison Bos bison
NM Ramshorn Snail Pecosorbis kansasensis Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 25 New Mexico Species of Concern - Eddy County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus - T s - - - Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus - - - s s s Pecos Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus pecosensis T hgm T - - - - Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus - E - s - s Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum - T s - - s Headwater Catfish Ictalurus lupus - - s s s s Pecos Pupfish Cyprinodon pecosensis g T - - - s Pecos Gambusia Gambusia nobilis E mg E - - - - Greenthroat Darter Etheostoma lepidum - T - - - s Bigscale Logperch Percina macrolepida (Native pop.) - T - - - - Western River Cooter Pseudemys gorzugi - T s - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Sand Dune Lizard Sceloporus arenicolus C T - s - - Gray-banded Kingsnake Lampropeltis alterna - E - - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Blotched Water Snake Nerodia erythrogaster transversa - E s - - - Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus - T s - - - Mottled Rock Rattlesnake Crotalus lepidus lepidus - T s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - White-tailed Kite (no data) Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Piping Plover Charadrius melodus circumcinctus T g E - - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 26 New Mexico Species of Concern - Eddy County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - - Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes canipes - - - s - s AZ Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis C m - s s s - Guadalupe Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae guadalupensis - - s s s s Nelson's Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus nelsoni canescens - - - - s - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s -
Texas Hornshell Popenaias popeii C E - - - - Pecos Springsnail Pyrgulopsis pecosensis - T - s n s Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata - T - - - s Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN EDDY COUNTY
Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus (extirpated from NM) American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Red Shiner Cyprinella lutrensis Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana Long Fingernail clam Musculium transversum Gray Wolf Canis lupus
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 27 New Mexico Species of Concern - Grant County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Gila Trout Oncorhynchus gilae E m T s - - - Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Gila Chub Gila intermedia PE h E s s - - Chihuahua Chub Gila nigrescens T mg E s - - - Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Spikedace Meda fulgida T hmg T s - - - Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis T hm T s - - - Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus (Gila pop.) - - - s - - Desert Sucker Catostomus clarki - - - s s s Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis - - - s s s Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s Gila Topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis occidentalis E m T s - - -
Arizona Toad Bufo microscaphus microscaphus - - s s s s Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Lowland Leopard Frog Rana yavapaiensis - E s s - s
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Reticulate Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum suspectum - E s - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Mexican Garter Snake Thamnophis eques megalops - E s s - s Narrowhead Garter Snake Thamnophis rufipunctatus rufipunctatus - T s s - s
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - Snowy Egret (no data) Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - White-tailed Kite (no data) Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Northern Gray Hawk Asturina nitida maximus - - s s - s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Lucifer Hummingbird Calothorax lucifer - T s - - - Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae - T s - - - Elegant Trogon Trogon elegans canescens - E s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis uropygialis - T s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 28 New Mexico Species of Concern - Grant County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Abert's Towhee Pipilo aberti aberti - T s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s Yellow-eyed Junco Junco phaeonotus palliatus - T s - - - Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - s Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Mearns' Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae mearnsi - - - s s s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - White-nosed Coati Nasua narica - - s - s - Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi EXPN,E m E s - - - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura milleri - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m -
Gila Springsnail Pyrgulopsis gilae C T s - n - New Mexico Hotspring Springsnail Pyrgulopsis thermalis C T s - n - Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Mtn Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nitocris - - s - - s SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN GRANT COUNTY
Beautiful Shiner Cyprinella formosa mearnsi (extirpated from NM) Razorback Sucker Xyrauchen texanus
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata Florida Mountainsnail Oreohelix florida (extinct, NM endemic)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 29 New Mexico Species of Concern - Guadalupe County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Mexican Tetra Astyanax mexicanus - T s - - - Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - s Bigscale Logperch Percina macrolepida (Native pop.) - T - - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Piping Plover Charadrius melodus circumcinctus T g E - - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s s Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s
Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN GUADALUPE COUNTY
Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Pecos Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus pecosensis Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison NM Ramshorn Snail Pecosorbis kansasensis Shortneck Snaggletooth Snail Gastrocopta dalliana dalliana
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 30 New Mexico Species of Concern - Harding County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus - T s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum m T s - - - Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s
Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis - E - - - - Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN HARDING COUNTY
Canadian Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis tetranemus Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi
Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 31 New Mexico Species of Concern - Hidalgo County Page 1 of 3 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Spikedace Meda fulgida T hmg T s - - - Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis T hm T s - - - Desert Sucker Catostomus clarki - - - s s s Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis - - - s s s
Colorado River Toad Bufo alvarius - T s - - - Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Lowland Leopard Frog Rana yavapaiensis - E s s - s
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Bunch Grass Lizard Sceloporus slevini - T s - - - Giant Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus burti - T s s - - Gray-checkered Whiptail Cnemidophorus dixoni - E - s - s Mountain Skink Eumeces callicephalus - T s - - - Reticulate Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum suspectum - E s - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Green Rat Snake Senticolis triaspis intermedia - T s - - - Yaqui Blackhead Snake Tantilla yaquia - - - - s - Mexican Garter Snake Thamnophis eques megalops - E s s - s Narrowhead Garter Snake Thamnophis rufipunctatus rufipunctatus - T s s - s NM Ridgenose Rattlesnake Crotalus willardi obscurus T hmg E s - - -
Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-tailed Kite (no data) Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Northern Gray Hawk Asturina nitida maximus - - s s - - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Gould's Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo mexicana - T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Whiskered Screech Owl Otus trichopsis asperus - T - - - - Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Buff-collared Nightjar Caprimulgus ridgwayi ridgwayi - E s - - - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 32 New Mexico Species of Concern - Hidalgo County Page 2 of 3 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps ellioti - T s - - - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Lucifer Hummingbird Calothorax lucifer - T s - - - Costa's Hummingbird Calypte costae - T s - - - Elegant Trogon Trogon elegans canescens - E s - - - Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis uropygialis - T s - - - Northern Beardless Tyrannulet Camptostoma imberbe ridgwayi - E s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Buff-breasted Flycatcher Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus ------Thick-billed Kingbird Tyrannus crassirostris - E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Mexican Chickadee Poecile sclateri eidos - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - Abert's Towhee Pipilo aberti aberti - T s - - - Botteri's Sparrow Aimophila botterii arizonae - - - - s - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s AZ Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus - T - - - - Yellow-eyed Junco Junco phaeonotus palliatus - T s - - - McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - - Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Arizona Shrew Sorex arizonae - E - s - s Mexican Long-tongued Bat Choeronycteris mexicana - - s s s s Mexican Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris nivalis E mg E s - - - Lesser Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae E m T s - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Western Yellow Bat Lasiurus xanthinus - T s - - - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s s Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Greater Western Mastiff Bat Eumops perotis californicus - - - s s - White-sided Jack Rabbit Lepus callotis gaillardi - T s s - s Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Mearns' Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae mearnsi - - - s s s Southern Pocket Gopher Thomomys umbrinus emotus - T - - - - Yellow-nosed Cotton Rat Sigmodon ochrognathus - - - s - s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - White-nosed Coati Nasua narica - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura milleri - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis E mg R s - s - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (hunted pop) - - s - s m - Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi EXPN,E - - - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 33 New Mexico Species of Concern - Hidalgo County Page 3 of 3
Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Shortneck Snaggletooth Snail Gastrocopta dalliana dalliana - E - - - s Hacheta Grande Woodlandsnail Ashmunella hebardi - T - s n s Animas Minute Moss Beetle Limnebius aridus - - - s s s Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN HIDALGO COUNTY
Gila Chub Gila intermedia Razorback Sucker Xyrauchen texanus
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 34 New Mexico Species of Concern - Lea County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Sand Dune Lizard Sceloporus arenicolus C T - s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Upland Sandpiper (no data) Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - -
Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s s Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Sandhill White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus texana - - - - s m -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN LEA COUNTY
Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 35 New Mexico Species of Concern - Lincoln County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis - - - s s s Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - - White Sands Pupfish Cyprinodon tularosa g T - - n s
Sacramento Mountain Salamander Aneides hardii - T s s n s
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Penasco Least Chipmunk Tamias minimus atristriatus - E s - n s Organ Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus australis - T - s - s Oscura Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus oscuraensis - T - s - - Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes canipes - - - s - - Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus tularosae - - - - s n - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - AZ Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis C m - s s s - Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus lychnuchus - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae actuosus - - - - s n - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae ruidosae - - - - s n - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - White-throated Wood Rat Neotoma albigula melas - - - - s n - Mexican Wood Rat Neotoma mexicana atrata - - - - s n - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 36 New Mexico Species of Concern - Lincoln County Page 2 of 2
Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Bonita Diving Beetle Deronectes neomexicana - - - - s s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN LINCOLN COUNTY
River Carpsucker Carpiodes carpio carpio Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Pecos Pupfish Cyprinodon pecosensis
Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 37 New Mexico Species of Concern - Los Alamos County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Jemez Mountains Salamander Plethodon neomexicanus g m T s s n s
White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Goat Peak Pika Ochotona princeps nigrescens - - s s s n s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN LOS ALAMOS COUNTY
Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Pronghorn Antelope Antilocapra americana Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 38 New Mexico Species of Concern - Luna County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad Gastrophryne olivacea - E s - - - Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Reticulate Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum suspectum - E s - - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
White-faced Ibis (no data) Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Gray Hawk Asturina nitida maximus - - s s - - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Kite (no data) Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt (no data) Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Lucifer Hummingbird (no data) Calothorax lucifer - T s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura milleri - - - - s - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m -
Cook's Peak Woodlandsnail Ashmunella macromphala - T - s n s Fairy Shrimp Streptocephalus moorei - - - - s - SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN LUNA COUNTY
Beautiful Shiner Cyprinella formosa mearnsi (extirpated from NM) Chihuahua Chub Gila nigrescens Palomas Pupfish Cyprinodon sp (extirpated from NM)
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana Florida Mountainsnail Oreohelix florida (extinct, NM endemic)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 39 New Mexico Species of Concern - McKinley County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Zuni Bluehead Sucker Catostomus discobolus yarrowi C E s s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius DM T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern (no data) Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Navajo Mogollon Vole Microtus mogollonensis navaho ------Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s -
Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN McKINLEY COUNTY
Bonytail Chub Gila elegans (extirpated from NM) Roundtail Chub Gila robusta
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 40 New Mexico Species of Concern - Mora County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Southern Redbelly Dace Phoxinus erythrogaster - E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - Prairie Vole Microtus ochrogaster haydenii - - - - s - Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Cockerell's Striate Disc Snail Discus shimeki cockerelli - - - s s s Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s - Blue-black Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nokomis - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN MORA COUNTY
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 41 New Mexico Species of Concern - Otero County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - White Sands Pupfish Cyprinodon tularosa g T - - n s
Sacramento Mountain Salamander Aneides hardii - T s s n s Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Bleached Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata ruthveni - - - - s n - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - White Sands Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi - - - - s n - Little White Whiptail Cnemidophorus gypsi - - - - s n - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Mottled Rock Rattlesnake Crotalus lepidus lepidus - T s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Elegant Trogon Trogon elegans canescens - E s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s Sprague's Pipit (no data) Anthus spragueii - - s - - - Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 42 New Mexico Species of Concern - Otero County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Cave Myotis Bat Myotis velifer - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Penasco Least Chipmunk Tamias minimus atristriatus - E s - n s Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes canipes - - - s - - Gray-footed Chipmunk Tamias canipes sacramentoensis - - - s s n - Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus tularosae - - - - s n - AZ Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis C m - s s s - Guadalupe Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae guadalupensis - - s s s s Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae tularosae - - - - s n - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Plains Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavescens gypsi - - - - s n - Rock Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus intermedius ater - - - - s n - New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s -
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Woodlandsnail Ashmunella amblya cornudasensis - - - s n - Cloudcroft Checkerspot Butterfly Occidryas anicia cloudcrofti PE - - - s n -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN OTERO COUNTY
Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 43 New Mexico Species of Concern - Quay County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Canadian Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis tetranemus - T - s - s Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi (Native pop.) T h E - - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s
Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis - E - - - - Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN QUAY COUNTY
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 44 New Mexico Species of Concern - Rio Arriba County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Jemez Mountains Salamander Plethodon neomexicanus g m T s s n s Western Boreal Toad Bufo boreas boreas C m E s - - - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
White Sands Prairie Lizard Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi - - - - s n -
Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Goat Peak Pika Ochotona princeps nigrescens - - s s s n s White-tailed Jack Rabbit Lepus townsendii campanius - - - - s - Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 45 New Mexico Species of Concern - Rio Arriba County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - False Ameletus Mayfly Ameletus falsus - - s - - s Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN RIO ARRIBA COUNTY
Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Colorado Pikeminnow (Squawfish) Ptychocheilus lucius
Gunnison Sage-Grouse Centrocercus minimus (extirpated from NM)
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) Lynx Lynx lynx (no specimens or verified records) Wolverine Gulo gulo (no specimens or verified records)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 46 New Mexico Species of Concern - Roosevelt County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Sand Dune Lizard Sceloporus arenicolus C T - s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - -
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii - - s - s - Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis - - s - s - Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Sandhill White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus texana - - - - s m -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN RIO ARRIBA COUNTY
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 47 New Mexico Species of Concern - Sandoval County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus E g(hm) E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - -
Jemez Mountains Salamander Plethodon neomexicanus g m T s s n s Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Goat Peak Pika Ochotona princeps nigrescens - - s s s n s Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 48 New Mexico Species of Concern - Sandoval County Page 2 of 2
Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Wrinkled Marshsnail Stagnicola caperatus - E s - - - San Ysidro Mealybug Distichlicoccus fontanus - - - - sn - Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - sn - Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SANDOVAL COUNTY
Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (extirpated from NM) American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens (extirpated from NM)
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 49 New Mexico Species of Concern - San Juan County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Roundtail Chub Gila robusta - E s s - s Colorado Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius E hmg E - - - - Razorback Sucker Xyrauchen texanus E hg - s - s -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
California Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula californiae - - - - s -
Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern (no data) Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s - Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae bessophilus - - s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 50 New Mexico Species of Concern - San Juan County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Navajo Mogollon Vole Microtus mogollonensis navaho - - - - - s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s -
Blue-black Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nokomis - - - - - s Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SAN JUAN COUNTY
Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus Bonytail Chub Gila elegans (extirpated from NM)
Banner-tailed Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys spectabilis Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM)
Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 51 New Mexico Species of Concern - San Miguel County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi (Native pop.) T h E - - - - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus - T s - - - White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - -
Least Shrew Cryptotis parva - T - - - - Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 52 New Mexico Species of Concern - San Miguel County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Paper Pondshell Utterbackia imbecillis - E - - - - Lake Fingernailclam Musculium lacustre - T s - - - Long Fingernailclam Musculium transversum - T - - - - Cockerell's Striate Disc Snail Discus shimeki cockerelli - - - s s s Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Conchas Crayfish Orconectes deanae - - - - s - False Ameletus Mayfly Ameletus falsus - - s - - s Blue-black Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nokomis - - - - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SAN MIGUEL COUNTY
American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus Longear Sunfish Lepomis megalotis
Milksnake Lampropeltis triangulum
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis American Bison Bos bison
NM Ramshorn Snail Pecosorbis kansasensis Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 53 New Mexico Species of Concern - Santa Fe County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - Black Swift Cypseloides niger borealis - - - - s - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Lilljeborg's Peaclam Pisidium lilljeborgi - T s - - - Cockerell's Striate Disc Snail Discus shimeki cockerelli - - - s s s Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 54 New Mexico Species of Concern - Santa Fe County Page 2 of 2
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SANTA FE COUNTY
American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis aestivalis Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis
Sangre de Cristo Woodlandsnail Ashmunella thomsoniana New Mexico Fritillary Butterfly Speyeria hydaspe conquista
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 55 New Mexico Species of Concern - Sierra County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Gila Trout Oncorhynchus gilae E m T s - - - Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster - - - s - - Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - - White Sands Pupfish Cyprinodon tularosa g T - - n s
Arizona Toad Bufo microscaphus microscaphus - - s s s s Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Big Bend Slider Trachemys gaigeae - - - - s - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis E E s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Northern Gray Hawk Asturina nitida maximus - - s s - - Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Lucifer Hummingbird Calothorax lucifer - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s Varied Bunting Passerina versicolor - T s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 56 New Mexico Species of Concern - Sierra County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae opulentus - - - - s n - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius arenarius - - - s - s Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Chihuahuan Pronghorn Antilocapra americana mexicana - - s - m - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m -
Mineral Creek Mountainsnail Oreohelix pilsbryi - T - - n s
SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SIERRA COUNTY
American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis aestivalis Loach Minnow Rhinichthys cobitis Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Hot Springs Cotton Rat Sigmodon fulviventer goldmani (extinct, NM endemic) Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 57 New Mexico Species of Concern - Socorro County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus E ghm E s - - - Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus - - - s s s Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Arizona Toad Bufo microscaphus microscaphus - - s s s s Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana chiricahuensis T - s - s - Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Big Bend Slider Trachemys gaigeae - - - - s - Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii - - s - - - Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus - - s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Great Egret Ardea alba egretta - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Green Heron Butorides virescens - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis - - s - - - White-tailed Kite Elanus caeruleus majusculus - - s - - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis septentrionalis E mg E s - - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Piping Plover Charadrius melodus circumcinctus T g E - - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Interior Least Tern Sterna antillarum athalassos E mg E s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Elf Owl Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps ellioti - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 58 New Mexico Species of Concern - Socorro County Page 2 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii - - s - - -
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Allen's Big-eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis - - - s s s Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Organ Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus australis - T - s - s Oscura Mountains Colorado Chipmunk Tamias quadrivittatus oscuraensis - T - s - - White-Mountains Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus monticola (AZ,NM) - - s - - - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Desert Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana (endangered pops) - E s - m -
Chupadera Springsnail Pyrgulopsis chupaderae C E - - n - Socorro Springsnail Pyrgulopsis neomexicana E mg E s - n - Alamosa Springsnail Tryonia alamosae E mg E s - - - Ovate Vertigo Snail Vertigo ovata - T - - - s Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n - Socorro Isopod Thermosphaeroma thermophilum E mg E s - n - SW Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus sabina - - - - - s Obsolete Viceroy Butterfly Basilarchia archippus obsoleta - - s - - s
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN SOCORRO COUNTY
Longnose Gar Lepisosteus osseus American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM) Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis aestivalis Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus Phantom Shiner Notropis orca (extinct) Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Mexican Gray Wolf Canis lupus baileyi Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Jaguar Panthera onca arizonensis Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 59 New Mexico Species of Concern - Taos County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis - - s - s m s Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora - - - - s - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - - Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius - - s - - s
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus altipetens - E s - - - Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus - T s - - - White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis borealis - T s - - - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Vireo Vireo vicinior - T s - - - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Occult Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus occultus - - s s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s White-tailed Jack Rabbit Lepus townsendii campanius - - - - s - Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris - - - - s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius intermedius - - - - s - New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Red Fox Vulpes vulpes - - - - s - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus - - s - s - American Marten Martes americana origenes - T s - - - Southwestern River Otter Lutra canadensis sonorae - - s s s s Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Sangre De Cristo Peaclam Pisidium sanguinichristi (g) T s s n s Cockerell's Striate Disc Snail Discus shimeki cockerelli - - - s s s Blue-black Silverspot Butterfly Speyeria nokomis nokomis - - - - - s Pearly Checkerspot Butterfly Charidryas acastus acastus - - - - - s
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 60 New Mexico Species of Concern - Taos County Page 2 of 2
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN TAOS COUNTY
American Eel Anguilla rostrata (extirpated from NM)
Gunnison-Sage Grouse Centrocercus minimus (extirpated from NM)
Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Lynx Lynx lynx (no specimens or verified records) Wolverine Gulo gulo (no specimens or verified records)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 61 New Mexico Species of Concern - Torrance County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Black Tern Chlidonias niger surinamensis - - - s - s Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus - - s - - - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s s Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Desert Pocket Gopher Geomys arenarius brevirostris - - - - s n - Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Socorro Mountainsnail Oreohelix neomexicana - - - - s n -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN TORRANCE COUNTY
Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 62 New Mexico Species of Concern - Union County Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus (Native Pop) - - - s s - Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis - T s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum - - s s - - Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - - Arid Land Ribbon Snake Thamnophis proximus diabolicus - T s - - -
Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis - - s s s s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Lesser Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus pallidicinctus C - - s s - Sora Porzana carolina - - s - - - Upland Sandpiper (no data) Bartramia longicauda - - s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus americanus - - s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis - - s - s s Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii - T s - - s Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii - - s - - - American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla tricolora - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Little Brown Myotis Bat Myotis lucifugus carissima - - - - s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii pallescens - - s s s s Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus ludovicianus C m - - - s - Swift Fox Vulpes velox velox - - s - s s Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s -
Swamp Fingernailclam Musculium partumeium - T - - - - Long Fingernailclam Musculium transversum - T - - - -
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN UNION COUNTY
New Mexico Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus hueyi (extinct, NM endemic) Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus modestus Gray Wolf Canis lupus Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) American Bison Bos bison
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 63 New Mexico Species of Concern - Valencia County Page 1 of 2 Common Name...... SCIENTIFIC NAME...... FWS.. NM... FS. BLM.. NM... FWS. ESA WCA R3 NM Sen SOC
Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus E ghm E s - - - Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis - - - s - -
Northern Leopard Frog Rana pipiens - - s - - -
Desert Kingsnake Lampropeltis getula splendida - - s - - -
Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus - T s - - - Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis exilis - - s - - - Snowy Egret Egretta thula brewsteri - - s - - - Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli - - s - - - White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi - - s s - - Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis - - s - - - Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus AD,T mg T s - - - Common Black-hgwk Buteogallus anthracigus anthracinus - T s - - s Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni - - s - - - Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis - - s s - - American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus anatum DM m T s - - s Whooping Crane Grus americana EXPN,E mg E s - - - Western Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus - - s - - - Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus PT - s - s - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus - - s - - - Common Ground-dove Columbina passerina pallescens - E s - - - Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus occidentalis C - s - s - Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia hypugaea - - - s - s Mexican Spotted Owl Strix occidentalis lucida T hmg - s - s - Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon - - s - - - Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii extimus E h E s - - - Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus - - - s s - Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa - - s - - - McCown's Longspur (no data) Calcarius mccownii - - s - - - Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii - T s s - s
Western Small-footed Myotis Bat Myotis ciliolabrum melanorhinus - - - s s - Yuma Myotis Bat Myotis yumanensis yumanensis - - - s s - Long-legged Myotis Bat Myotis volans interior - - - s s - Fringed Myotis Bat Myotis thysanodes thysanodes - - - s s - Long-eared Myotis Bat Myotis evotis evotis - - - s s - Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum - T s s - - Big Free-tailed Bat Nyctinomops macrotis - - - s s - Gunnison's Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni - - - - s - Cebolleta Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae paguatae - - s s s n s Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae planorum - - - - s n - Pecos River Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus ripensis - - - s s s New Mexican Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius luteus - T s s - s Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis - - - - s - Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis canadensis - - s - m -
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 64 New Mexico Species of Concern - Valencia County Page 2 of 2
NATIVE SPECIES APPARENTLY NO LONGER OCCURRING IN VALENCIA COUNTY
Rio Grande Chub Gila pandora Speckled Chub Macrhybopsis aestivalis aestivalis Rio Grande Shiner Notropis jemezanus Phantom Shiner Notropis orca (extinct) Rio Grande Bluntnose Shiner Notropis simus simus (extinct) Rio Grande Sucker Catostomus plebeius Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus Gray Redhorse Moxostoma congestum
Arizona Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus arizonensis Gray Wolf Canis lupus Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (extirpated from NM) Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes (extirpated from NM) Mink Mustela vison energumenos (extirpated from NM) Merriam's Elk Cervus elaphus merriami (extinct)
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 65 DEFINITIONS
FWS ESA: Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973; 12-28-73, P.L. 93-205 87 Stat. 884, as amended. Administered by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of Interior. List is published as 50 CFR 17.11 and 17.12.
E ENDANGERED: "... any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range ...". A final rule has been published in the Federal Register.
T THREATENED: "... any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range." A final rule has been published in the Federal Register.
P PROPOSED: Species that have been officially proposed for listing as threatened or endangered by the Secretary of the Interior. A proposed rule has been published in the Federal Register.
C CANDIDATE: Species that have been studied and the Fish and Wildlife Service has concluded should be proposed for listing. Formally referred to as Category 1 Candidate species. Those species for which the Fish and Wildlife Service has sufficient information to support issuance of a proposed rule is precluded.
EXPN NONESSENTIAL EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION: A geographically described group of reintroduced animals that is isolated from other existing populations of that species. It is further determined that the experimental population is nonessential to the survival of the species.
NM WCA: New Mexico Wildlife Conservation Act; NM Chapter 17 Statutes Annotated 1973, 17-2 Part 3. The list of Threatened, Endangered and Restricted Species is published as Title 19 of New Mexico Administrative Code, Chapter 33, Part 1 (19 NMAC 33.1). Administered by State of New Mexico, Department of Game and Fish.
E ENDANGERED: "... any species [or subspecies] of fish or wildlife whose prospects of survival or recruitment within the state are in jeopardy due to any of the following factors: (1) the present or threatened destruction, modification or curtailment of its habitat; (2) over utilization for scientific, commercial or sporting purposes; (3) the effect of disease or predation; (4) other natural or man-made factors affecting its prospects of survival or recruitment within the state; or (5) any combination of the foregoing factors." 17-2-38-D, NMSA, 1978.
T THREATENED: "... any species [or subspecies] which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range in New Mexico; ..." 17-2-38-M, NMSA, 1978.
R RESTRICTED: "... any listed large exotic cat species or subspecies" (19 NMAC 33.1). The jaguar is the only Restricted species in this document, it is native to New Mexico.
FS R3: United States Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, Region 3 (Southwest Region; Arizona and New Mexico), Albuquerque, NM. Taxa listed in this category are from the old USFS list developed in 1988. A new list has been developed and is under revision. The new list includes federal ESA listed species and taxa listed by the Heritage Program as globally Rare/Imperiled, regardless of whether they occur on or near Forest lands. It does not include: many at risk taxa which are state-listed in NM, bats (a group generally in trouble) and other taxa which are not yet imperiled but may be significantly impacted by Forest management activities. As soon as a new list is available which meets the definition, it will be coded into BISON and included in updates of this document.
s SENSITIVE: "those species that are likely to occur or have habitat on Nation Forest System lands and that have been identified by the Regional Forester as of concern for reduction in population viability as evidenced by: significant current or predicted downward trends in population numbers or density, or; significant current or predicted downward trends in habitat capability that would reduce a species' distribution (Forest Service Manual 2670.5). The Forest Service Manual (2672.11) provides the following criteria for potential (but not mandatory) listing of sensitive species: USFWS Candidate species; State lists of endangered, threatened, rare, endemic, unique, or vanishing species; Other sources as appropriate in order to focus conservation management strategies and to avert the need for
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 66 Federal or State listing as a result of National Forest management activities. These "other sources" have been interpreted by Regional [R3] TES Program managers to include: Species that have been federally delisted within the last 5 years; Species on State Heritage Databases that indicate global and/or regional rarity and/or imperilment (GTN1-3;S1-2).
BLM NM: U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Dept. of the Interior, New Mexico State Office, Santa Fe. State Offices were directed by the Wash, DC Office to develop sensitive species lists. The directive indicated lists would include former USFWS Candidate C2 species until a state office developed their own list. Currently, most of the taxa on the NM list are former C2 species. See USFWS Species of Concern above.
s SENSITIVE: "... are those designated by a State Director, usually in cooperation with the State agency responsible for managing the species, as sensitive. They are those species that are: (1) under status review by the FWS/NMFS; or (2) whose numbers are declining so rapidly that Federal listing may become necessary; or (3) with typically small and widely dispersed populations; or (4) those inhabiting ecological refugia or other specialized or unique habitats." [BLM Manual, Rel. 6-116, 9/16/88, 6840 - SPECIAL STATUS SPECIES MANAGEMENT, Glossary page 6]
NM Sen: New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, informal category which carries no legal requirements.
s SENSITIVE: Taxa which, in the opinion of a qualified NMDGF biologist, deserve special consideration in management and planning, and are NOT listed Threatened or Endangered by the state of New Mexico. These may include taxa that are listed Threatened, Endangered or Sensitive by other agencies; taxa with limited protection; and taxa without any legal protection. The intent of this category is to alert land managers to the need for caution in management where these taxa may be affected.
FWS SOC: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, SPECIES OF CONCERN. An informal category which carries no legal requirements except as designated in manuals of other agencies.
s SPECIES OF CONCERN: most of these taxa are former Candidate Category 2 which was defined: "Category 2 comprises taxa for which information now in possession of the Service indicates that proposing to list as endangered or threatened is possibly appropriate, but for which conclusive data on biological vulnerability and threat are not currently available to support proposed rules."
Biota Information System Of New Mexico (BISON-M) April 2003- Dept. of Game & Fish, Conservation Services Div. 67 APPENDIX C
COMMUNITY RELATIONS TEMPLATES FOR NEW MEXICO HGL—Draft Statewide Public Involvement Plan for FUDS in New Mexico
APPENDIX C COMMUNITY RELATIONS TEMPLATES
The FUDSMIS database currently lists 243 Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS) in the state of New Mexico. The FUDS in New Mexico fall under the following general categories: airfields, arms ranges, bases, and communications stations. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) policy, however, does not discriminate between different types of facilities, and all of the required public relations activities should be conducted at each FUDS property. Each FUDS property and surrounding community is different, and that community relations activities at a FUDS property should be tailored to address the unique threats and concerns associated with that property.
1.0 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN TEMPLATE
This section is a sample outline for a typical public involvement plan (PIP), and provides suggestions on how to locate the information that should be included in a typical PIP. According to EP 1110-3-8, the PIP should have five sections and two appendices. Section 1.0 of the PIP is an overview of the PIP, Section 2.0 is the site description, Section 3.0 is a community profile of the surrounding area, Section 4.0 lists the specific goals of the PIP, and Section 5.0 identifies community relations activities and their timing. Appendix A is a list of information contacts and interested parties, and Appendix B is a list of potential information repository and public meeting facilities.
1.1 OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN
The purpose of this section is to provide a general introduction by briefly stating the purpose of the PIP and the distinctive or central features of the community relations program planned for the specific site. Note any special circumstances that the plan has been designed to address. This section should include the following information:
• Purpose of the PIP • Brief site history, use the description provided in the archives search report (ASR) or preliminary assessment (PA), if available • Brief site description, also taken from the ASR or PA, if available • Information regarding what stage of the FUDS process is taking place at the site, including information about when the site was first accepted into the FUDS program • Description of how the PIP was developed, mentioning that federal, state, local official, and private citizens were contacted to assess community concern • Propose objectives for handling community concerns, such as where to establish an information repository, or establishing contacts for site information • Discuss the plan for the implementation of the PIP, such as public meetings, fact sheets, and information repositories, and identify lead and supporting agencies for the PIP • Include the names and agencies of specific contacts for site information
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1.2 SITE DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this section is to provide the historical, geographical, and technical details necessary to show why the site was put on the federal National Priorities List. This section should include the following information:
1.2.1 LOCATION AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
• Site location and proximity to other landmarks, including information regarding the site boundaries before, during, and after Department of Defense (DOD) use of the land, this information can usually be found in the ASR, but can also be obtained through historical research • Include a map or other figure to illustrate the site’s location
1.2.2 SITE HISTORY
• History of site use and ownership, including detailed information about any DOD operations that occurred at the site • Information about any beneficial use that has occurred after DOD operations at the site If available in the ASR or the PA, provide information about the dates of any known releases at the site • Provide information about the nature of the threat to public health and environment
1.2.3 HAZARDOUS SITE CLEANUP LAWS AND REGULATIONS
• Description of the various laws and regulations that cover site cleanup, include a description of the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP), and the FUDS process
1.2.4 HISTORY OF PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS
• Provide a detailed list of each of the previous local, state, and federal environmental investigations that has been conducted at the site, including the name, date, and findings of each • Some examples of previous investigations include the PA, ASR, site investigations, and remedial investigations
1.2.5 NATURE AND EXTENT OF ORDNANCE AND EXPLOSIVES
• Explain the role of the U.S. Army Engineering and Support Center in Huntsville, and explain the process of developing a RAC score for the site • Provide the RAC score for the site, and when it was developed • Describe the types of ordnance that were used at the site during DOD operations
1.2.6 NATURE AND EXTENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
• List the proposed hazardous waste projects at the site • Describe how these projects were identified by referring to previous investigations, such as the ASR or PA
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• Describe the types of hazardous waste at the site, and how they were used during DOD operations • Describe the risk to human health and the environment
1.3 COMMUNITY BACKGROUND
The purpose of this section is to describe the community and its involvement with the site. Demographic information for this section can be obtained from the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Census Bureau. Economic data is often available from local chambers of commerce, or the state Department of Labor. Local history can usually be obtained from the local history section of the public library, or through the local historians and historical societies in the area. This section should include the following information:
1.3.1 COMMUNITY PROFILE
• Provide information about the political structure of the community, including how the city and county governments are structured • Provide the demographic information for the city and the county, including ethnic groups and average household income • Provide a brief history of the community, including when the city was established, and any other important events in the community’s history • Provide a list of state and federally listed endangered species believed to exist in the community; this list can be obtained from the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Conservation Services Division
1.3.2 COMMUNITY RELATIONS ACTIVITIES TO DATE
• Provide a chronology of community involvement, including such information as how the community has reacted to the site in the past, actions taken by citizens, and attitudes toward government roles and responsibilities • Discuss actions taken by any government agencies or government officials, such as public meetings, news releases, or telephone interviews • Summarize the key community concerns, including how the community regards the risks posed by the site or the remedial process used to address those risks
1.4 SPECIFIC GOALS OF PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PLAN
The purpose of this section is to provide concrete details on community relations approaches to be taken. This should follow directly and logically from the discussion in Section 3.0 of the community and its perceptions of the problems posed by the site. This section should be used to develop a strategy for communicating with a specific community. This section should include the following information:
• Discuss the level of concern in the community, such as whether it is low, medium, or high • Provide suggestions for addressing the community concerns, such as education if concern is low • Propose a plan to monitor community awareness and concern with respect to the results of the USACE’s activities
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• Propose specific goals for the community, such as generating fact sheets, organizing public meetings, or establishing an information repository
1.5 COMMUNITY RELATIONS ACTIVITIES AND TIMING
The purpose of this section is to state what community relations activities will be conducted at the site, specifically when these activities will occur. This section can also be used to propose additional techniques that might be used at the site as the response action proceeds, as well as when these techniques are likely to be the most effective
1.6 APPENDIX A: CONTACT LIST OF COMMUNITY LEADERS AND INTERESTED PARTIES
This appendix should be a list of contacts and other interested parties. These contacts can be categorized as follows:
1.6.1 FEDERAL
This section consists of elected federal officials and federal agency officials. Elected federal officials include U.S. Senators and Congressmen. Federal agency officials include contacts at the USACE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and other federal agencies.
1.6.2 STATE
This section consists of elected state officials and state agency officials. Elected state officials include the governor, lieutenant governor, and members of the New Mexico state legislature. State agency officials include contacts at the New Mexico Environment Department, the New Mexico Department of Health, and other state agencies.
1.6.3 MUNICIPAL
This section consists of elected municipal officials and municipal agency officials. Elected municipal officials include the mayor, city council, and the county commissioners. Municipal agency officials include the police chief, fire chief, and other municipal agencies.
1.6.4 MEDIA CONTACTS
This section consists of contacts in the local media, such as the editor of the local newspaper.
1.6.5 PRIVATE
This section consists of private individuals interested in the site, such as local environmental groups or members of the community. Names and addresses of private citizens should not appear in the community relations plan that is released to the public, however, these names should be placed on a mailing list that is compiled for the site.
1.7 APPENDIX B: PROPOSED LOCATIONS OF INFORMATION REPOSITORY AND PUBLIC MEETING FACILITIES
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This appendix should list potential locations for the information repository and public meetings. Appropriate locations include libraries, schools, and civic centers. Be sure to include the address and telephone number of each potential location. Figures can be used to illustrate the relative locations of the proposed facilities.
2.0 FACT SHEET TEMPLATE
According to EP 1110-3-8, fact sheets will address concerns expressed by the local community, and will include a capsule history of the FUDS property’s use while under DOD control, the status of studies and response actions, updates on schedules, and any special-interest items. Fact sheets should be distributed to stakeholders and the information repositories when events warrant. A sample fact sheet outline is provided below.
2.1 INTRODUCTION
• Include the date that the USACE began investigating the site • Describe the role that DOD plays in cleanup at the site • Include a brief site description and location summary; include a figure that illustrates the site location on a map
2.2 SITE HISTORY
• Include a history of the site, starting at DOD use • Include information about any site operations that may have contributed to contamination • Discuss the current use of the site
2.3 NATURE OF PROBLEM
• Describe any ordnance hazards at the site, and if available, give the site’s RAC score • Describe any hazardous wastes at the site, and if available, give the site’s Hazardous Ranking System (HRS) score • Include information about how the USACE located these hazards and determined the RAC and HRS scores
2.4 FUDS PROGRAM
• Describe the FUDS program, explaining the five basic steps: inventory, preliminary assessment, remedial investigation/feasibility study, and removal
2.5 SITE STATUS
• Provide the site’s current status, particularly any outstanding projects • Indicate the next steps that will be taken by the USACE • Inform the public of any scheduled meetings • Provide the names and telephone numbers of contacts for more information
3.0 NEWS RELEASES
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According to EP 1110-3-8, news releases should be disseminated to local and regional news media and the information repositories upon an award of contract, upon initiation of work during the various phases of the FUDS project, and upon completion of FUDS project phases. News releases about the remedial investigation/feasibility study or the engineering evaluation/cost analysis should be distributed 2 weeks prior to the initiation of a public comment period. These news releases must describe the alternatives considered and offer the Army’s preferred alternative for public comment. All news releases must be released through the geographic district public affairs office, which is the releasing authority.
News releases should also be released through a news wire, such as PR Newswire, so that it will be available to a wide range of media outlets. News releases should also be released in the legal notices section of local newspapers. Confirmation that the news release has been published should be obtained from the newspaper and placed in the administrative record for a site. A sample news release outline is provided below.
3.1 ANNOUNCEMENT
• Announce the event that is taking place • Provide the date, and if applicable, the time of the event • Provide the location of the information repository • If the event is a public meeting, provide the location of the meeting facility
3.2 SUMMARY
• Explain why the event is taking place, referring to any applicable public laws • Explain what is taking place; if it is a public meeting, provide a brief description of what the meeting will cover
3.3 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
• Provide contact information for citizens that require additional information
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