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Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence
When the Body Hides the Ancestry: Phylogeny of Morphologically Modified Epizoic Earwigs Based on Molecular Evidence Petr Kocarek1*, Vaclav John2, Pavel Hulva2,3 1 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 3 Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic Abstract Here, we present a study regarding the phylogenetic positions of two enigmatic earwig lineages whose unique phenotypic traits evolved in connection with ectoparasitic relationships with mammals. Extant earwigs (Dermaptera) have traditionally been divided into three suborders: the Hemimerina, Arixeniina, and Forficulina. While the Forficulina are typical, well-known, free-living earwigs, the Hemimerina and Arixeniina are unusual epizoic groups living on molossid bats (Arixeniina) or murid rodents (Hemimerina). The monophyly of both epizoic lineages is well established, but their relationship to the remainder of the Dermaptera is controversial because of their extremely modified morphology with paedomorphic features. We present phylogenetic analyses that include molecular data (18S and 28S ribosomal DNA and histone-3) for both Arixeniina and Hemimerina for the first time. This data set enabled us to apply a rigorous cladistics approach and to test competing hypotheses that were previously scattered in the literature. Our results demonstrate that Arixeniidae and Hemimeridae belong in the dermapteran suborder Neodermaptera, infraorder Epidermaptera, and superfamily Forficuloidea. The results support the sister group relationships of Arixeniidae+Chelisochidae and Hemimeridae+Forficulidae. This study demonstrates the potential for rapid and substantial macroevolutionary changes at the morphological level as related to adaptive evolution, in this case linked to the utilization of a novel trophic niche based on an epizoic life strategy. -
Nomina Insecta Nearctica Aderidae Agyrtidae
43 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA Vanonus congener Casey 1905 Syn. ADERIDAE Vanonus sagax Casey 1895 (Vanonus) Vanonus floridanus Casey 1895 Syn. Vanonus uniformis Werner 1990 (Vanonus) Aderus Westwood 1830 Vanonus valgus Werner 1990 (Vanonus) Phomalus Casey 1895 Syn. Vanonus vigilans Casey 1895 (Vanonus) Vanonus wickhami Casey 1895 (Vanonus) Aderus brunnipennis LeConte 1875 (Xylophilus) Tanilotes lacustris Casey 1895 Syn. Aderus populneus Panzer 1796 (Notoxus) Aderus saginatus Casey 1895 (Phomalus) Ariotus Casey 1895 AGYRTIDAE Scanylus Casey 1895 Syn. Ariotus luteolus Casey 1895 (Scanylus) Agyrtes Froelich 1799 Ariotus pruinosus Casey 1895 (Scanylus) Agyrtecanus Reitter 1901 Syn. Ariotus caseyi Pic 1896 Syn. Lendomus Casey 1924 Syn. Ariotus quercicola Schwarz 1878 (Xylophilus) Ariotus subtropicus Casey 1895 (Ariotus) Agyrtes longulus LeConte 1859 (Necrophilus) Lendomus politus Casey 1924 Syn. Axylophilus Casey 1895 Agyrtes similis Fall 1937 (Agyrtes) Axylophilus constrictus Fall 1901 (Xylophilus) Apteroloma Hatch 1927 Axylophilus nucleus Fall 1901 (Xylophilus) Axylophilus yuccae Casey 1895 (Axylophilus) Apteroloma arizonica Van Dyke 1928 (Pteroloma) Apteroloma caraboides Fall 1907 (Pteroloma) Cnopus Champion 1893 Apteroloma tahoeca Fall 1927 (Pteroloma) Apteroloma tenuicornis LeConte 1859 (Necrophilus) Cnopus impressus LeConte 1875 (Xylophilus) Ipelates Reitter 1885 Emelinus Casey 1895 Pelates Horn 1880 Homo. Sphaeroloma Portevin 1905 Syn. Emelinus butleri Werner 1956 (Emelinus) Pelatines Cockerell 1906 Syn. Emelinus huachucanus Werner 1956 (Emelinus) Brachyloma Portevin 1914 Syn. Emelinus melsheimeri LeConte 1855 (Xylophilus) Necrophilodes Champion 1923 Syn. Emelinus ashmeadi Casey 1895 Syn. Necrophiloides Hatch 1927 Missp. Ganascus Casey 1895 Ipelates latus Mannerheim 1852 (Necrophilus) Sandytes Casey 1895 Syn. Lyrosoma Mannerheim 1853 Ganascus ptinoides Schwarz 1878 (Xylophilus) Ganascus ventricosus LeConte 1875 (Xylophilus) Lyrosoma opacum Mannerheim 1853 (Lyrosoma) Ganascus opimus Casey 1895 Syn. -
1. Padil Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Common Name Image
1. PaDIL Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Doru taeniatum (Dohrn, 1862) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae: Forficulinae) Common Name Earwig Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/maf-border/Pest/Main/140292 Image Library New Zealand Biosecurity Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/maf-border/ Partners for New Zealand Biosecurity image library Landcare Research — Manaaki Whenua http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/ MPI (Ministry for Primary Industries) http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/ 2. Species Information 2.1. Details Specimen Contact: MAF Plant Health & Environment Laboratory - [email protected] Author: MAF Plant Health & Environment Laboratory Citation: MAF Plant Health & Environment Laboratory (2010) Earwig(Doru taeniatum)Updated on 3/23/2014 Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au Image Use: Free for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0) 2.2. URL Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/maf-border/Pest/Main/140292 2.3. Facets Groups: Earwigs Commodity Overview: Horticulture Commodity Type: Mango Status: NZ - Exotic Pest Status: 0 Unknown Distribution: 0 Unknown Host Family: 0 Unknown 2.4. Other Names Apterygida taeniata Bormans & Krauss, 1900 Forficula californica Dohrn, 1865 Forficula exilis Scudder, 1876 Forficula taeniata Dohrn, 1862 Sphingolabis californica Bormans, 1893 2.5. Diagnostic Notes **Adult** General colour deep black and bright yellow; 4th antennal segment more than twice as long as broad; pronotum transverse; tegmina and wings always fully developed; tegminae yellow with brown inner margins; hindwings visible beyond tegminae; 2nd tarsal segments dilated and much wider than 3rd, extending conspicuously beneath 3rd. Male pygidium elongate, posteriorly produced into a spine. Forceps typical, slightly arcuate; widely seperated at base. -
The Beetle Fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and Distribution
INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 20, No. 3-4, September-December, 2006 165 The beetle fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and distribution Stewart B. Peck Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada stewart_peck@carleton. ca Abstract. The beetle fauna of the island of Dominica is summarized. It is presently known to contain 269 genera, and 361 species (in 42 families), of which 347 are named at a species level. Of these, 62 species are endemic to the island. The other naturally occurring species number 262, and another 23 species are of such wide distribution that they have probably been accidentally introduced and distributed, at least in part, by human activities. Undoubtedly, the actual numbers of species on Dominica are many times higher than now reported. This highlights the poor level of knowledge of the beetles of Dominica and the Lesser Antilles in general. Of the species known to occur elsewhere, the largest numbers are shared with neighboring Guadeloupe (201), and then with South America (126), Puerto Rico (113), Cuba (107), and Mexico-Central America (108). The Antillean island chain probably represents the main avenue of natural overwater dispersal via intermediate stepping-stone islands. The distributional patterns of the species shared with Dominica and elsewhere in the Caribbean suggest stages in a dynamic taxon cycle of species origin, range expansion, distribution contraction, and re-speciation. Introduction windward (eastern) side (with an average of 250 mm of rain annually). Rainfall is heavy and varies season- The islands of the West Indies are increasingly ally, with the dry season from mid-January to mid- recognized as a hotspot for species biodiversity June and the rainy season from mid-June to mid- (Myers et al. -
230 Florida Entomologist 79(2) June, 1996 ANTHICIDAE (COLEOPTERA
230 Florida Entomologist 79(2) June, 1996 ANTHICIDAE (COLEOPTERA) OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS DARREN A. POLLOCK1 AND MICHAEL A. IVIE Department of Entomology Montana State University Bozeman, MT 59717 1Current address: Section of Invertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213. ABSTRACT Eight species in two subfamilies of Anthicidae are known from the Virgin Islands: Neoeurygenius portoricensis Abdullah (Eurygeniinae); Anthicus antilleorum Werner, A. crinitus LaFerté-Sénectère, A. floralis (Linneaus), A. tobias Marseul, Vacusus vici- nus (LaFerté-Sénectère), Sapintus teapensis (Champion), and Acanthinus trifasciatus (Fabricius) (Anthicinae).In addition to a key to these species, each is diagnosed and il- lustrated, and the Virgin Islands distribution given. The biogeographical composition of the fauna is discussed. A key to the subfamilies and tribes of West Indian anthicids is provided. RESUMEN Existen ocho especies en tres subfamilias de Anthicidae en las Islas Vírgenes: Neoeurygenius portoricencis Abdullah (Eurygeniinae); Anthicus antilleorum Werner, A. crinitus LaFerté-Sénectère A. floralis (Linnaeus), A. tobias Marseul, Vacusus vici- nus (LaFerté-Sénectère), Sapintus teapensis (Champion), y Acanthinus trifasciatus (Fabricius) (Anthicinae). Además de las claves para la identificación de estas especies, cada una es diagnósticada e ilustrada. Se incluye la distribución de las especies en las Islas Vírgenes. Se discute la composición biogeográfica de la fauna. Se ofrece una clave para las subfamilias y tribus de los Anthicidae de las Antillas. The Virgin Islands are located at the eastern extreme of the Greater Antilles. The northern islands lie on the submerged Puerto Rican Bank, while St. Croix and its sat- ellite islands are separated by a deep trench from the northern islands (Heatwole & MacKenzie 1966). -
Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations
Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations Revised Report and Documentation Prepared for: Department of Defense U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Submitted by: January 2004 Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations: Revised Report and Documentation CONTENTS 1.0 Executive Summary..........................................................................................iii 2.0 Introduction – Project Description................................................................. 1 3.0 Methods ................................................................................................................ 3 3.1 NatureServe Data................................................................................................ 3 3.2 DOD Installations............................................................................................... 5 3.3 Species at Risk .................................................................................................... 6 4.0 Results................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Nationwide Assessment of Species at Risk on DOD Installations..................... 8 4.2 Assessment of Species at Risk by Military Service.......................................... 13 4.3 Assessment of Species at Risk on Installations ................................................ 15 5.0 Conclusion and Management Recommendations.................................... 22 6.0 Future Directions............................................................................................. -
Arthropod Population Dynamics in Pastures Treated with Mirex-Bait to Suppress Red Imported Fire Ant Populations
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1975 Arthropod Population Dynamics in Pastures Treated With Mirex-Bait to Suppress Red Imported Fire Ant Populations. Forrest William Howard Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Howard, Forrest William, "Arthropod Population Dynamics in Pastures Treated With Mirex-Bait to Suppress Red Imported Fire Ant Populations." (1975). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2833. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2833 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. -
Earwigs from Brazilian Caves, with Notes on the Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 713: 25–52 (2017) Cave-dwelling earwigs of Brazil 25 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.713.15118 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta) Yoshitaka Kamimura1, Rodrigo L. Ferreira2 1 Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8521, Japan 2 Center of Studies in Subterranean Biology, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, CEP 37200-000 Lavras (MG), Brazil Corresponding author: Yoshitaka Kamimura ([email protected]) Academic editor: Y. Mutafchiev | Received 17 July 2017 | Accepted 19 September 2017 | Published 2 November 2017 http://zoobank.org/1552B2A9-DC99-4845-92CF-E68920C8427E Citation: Kamimura Y, Ferreira RL (2017) Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 713: 25–52. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118 Abstract Based on samples collected during surveys of Brazilian cave fauna, seven earwig species are reported: Cy- lindrogaster cavernicola Kamimura, sp. n., Cylindrogaster sp. 1, Cylindrogaster sp. 2, Euborellia janeirensis, Euborellia brasiliensis, Paralabellula dorsalis, and Doru luteipes, as well as four species identified to the (sub) family level. To date, C. cavernicola Kamimura, sp. n. has been recorded only from cave habitats (but near entrances), whereas the other four organisms identified at the species level have also been recorded from non-cave habitats. Wings and female genital structures of Cylindrogaster spp. (Cylindrogastrinae) are examined for the first time. The genital traits, including the gonapophyses of the 8th abdominal segment shorter than those of the 9th segement, and venation of the hind wings of Cylindrogastrinae correspond to those of the members of Diplatyidae and not to Pygidicranidae. -
Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas
Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas Neal L. Evenhuis, Lucius G. Eldredge, Keith T. Arakaki, Darcy Oishi, Janis N. Garcia & William P. Haines Pacific Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Final Report November 2010 Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish & Wildlife Office Honolulu, Hawaii Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 2 BISHOP MUSEUM The State Museum of Natural and Cultural History 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96817–2704, USA Copyright© 2010 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contribution No. 2010-015 to the Pacific Biological Survey Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 Background ..................................................................................................................... 7 General History .............................................................................................................. 10 Previous Expeditions to Pagan Surveying Terrestrial Arthropods ................................ 12 Current Survey and List of Collecting Sites .................................................................. 18 Sampling Methods ......................................................................................................... 25 Survey Results .............................................................................................................. -
Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Streamlining the Processing of Experimental Permits
Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Streamlining the Processing of Experimental Permit Applications September 2009 HQ-09938 Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Streamlining the Processing of Experimental Permit Applications EXECUTIVE SUMMARY September 2009 HQ-09938 _____________________________________________________________________________________________Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement for Streamlining the Processing of Experimental Permits CONTENTS Section Page Acronyms and Abbreviations......................................................................................................ES-ii ES.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................ES-1 ES.2 Purpose and Need for the Action........................................................................................ES-2 ES.3 Proposed Action .................................................................................................................ES-2 ES.4 No Action Alternative ........................................................................................................ES-4 ES.5 Summary of Environmental Consequences........................................................................ES-4 Exhibit ES-1 Estimated Annual Proportion of Flight Profiles.................................................................ES-3 ES-2 Launch Sites and Associated Launch and Reentry Activities ...........................................ES-3 -
Field Records and Observations of Insects Associated with Cantharidin
The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 17 Number 4 - Winter 1984 Number 4 - Winter Article 2 1984 December 1984 Field Records and Observations of Insects Associated With Cantharidin Daniel K. Young University of Wisconsin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Young, Daniel K. 1984. "Field Records and Observations of Insects Associated With Cantharidin," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 17 (4) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss4/2 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Young: Field Records and Observations of Insects Associated With Canthar 1984 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 195 FIELD RECORDS AND OBSERVATIONS OF INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH CANTHARIDIN Daniel K. Young! ABSTRACT This paper reports on insect species not previously associated with cantharidin, the terpeooid defense mechanism of blister beetles (MeJoidae). Species from the following tau were obserYed and collected: Miridae (Hemiptera); Endomychidae, Pyrochroidae, .-\nthiLidae I Coleoptera); Ceratopogonidae, Sciaridae (Diptera); and Braconidae (Hymen optera;. In addition to listing the associations, a discussion of cantharidin orientation is presented along with preliminary hypotheses to explain these intriguing examples of coevolution . .-\ recent re,'jew (Young 1984) attempted to draw together all published associations between insect5 and cantharidin or the me10id beetles which are known to produce the compound. In this paper, a large number of insect-cantharidin records are reported for specie:; 1lL"'i previously associated with cantharidin. -
The Beetles (Coleoptera) of the UC Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve
The Beetles (Coleoptera) of the UC Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve Michael S. Caterino Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History [email protected] NOTES: 1. Where the species column is blank the taxon is as yet unidentified to species. 2. Source is collections made by Caterino unless indicated otherwise. (212 species – July, 2002) (300 species – Feb., 2003) (415 species – June, 2003) (437 species – August, 2003) FAMILY SUBFAMILY TRIBE GENUS SPECIES1 SOURCE2 Carabidae Metriini Metrius contractus Promecognathini Promecognathus Notiophilini Notiophilus S. Lew Cychrini Scaphinotus Cychrini Scaphinotus Carabini Calosoma Omini Omus Nebriini Nebria Trechini Trechus Loricerini Loricera Bembidiini Bembidion Bembidion Bembidion Bembidion Platynini Calathus ? Lebiini Lebia Harpalini Harpalus Harpalus Anisodactylus Dicheirus Pterostichini Pterostichus Pterostichus Pterostichus Amarini Amara Dytiscidae Agabus Agabus Agabus Stictotarsus ? ? Ptiliidae Nossidium Acrotrichus Ptenidium ? Hydraenidae Hydraena Hydraena Ochthebius Agyrtidae Necrophilus hydrophiloides Leiodidae Coloninae Colon Colon Leiodinae Sogdini Hydnobius Leiodini Ecarinosphaerula? Leiodes horni Leiodes paludicola Leiodes Leiodes Agathidiini Agathidium Agathidium Agathidium Cholevinae Anemadini Nemadus? Nemadus Cholevini Catops simplex Catops basilaris Catops Ptomaphagini Ptomaphagus Scydmaenidae Cephennium anophthalicum ? ? ? Silphidae Nicrophorinae Nicrophorus nigrita Nicrophorus guttula "Sikes, unpub" Silphinae Heterosilpha aenescens Staphylinidae Omaliinae Eusphalerini Eusphalerum