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Giorgio Manganelli E La Traduzione Dottorato di Ricerca in Letterature e Media: Narratività e Linguaggi Ciclo XXX Curriculum in Teoria e Prassi della traduzione letteraria Giorgio Manganelli e la traduzione Cognome / Surname Vincenzi Nome / Name Federica Matricola / Registration number 1015328 Tutor: Prof. Paolo Giovannetti Cotutore / Co-tutor: Prof. Edoardo Zuccato Coordinatore / Coordinator: Prof. Vincenzo Trione ANNO ACCADEMICO / ACADEMIC YEAR 2017-2018 Indice 0. Introduzione ...........................................................................................................1 1. Manganelli e Poe ....................................................................................................4 1.1. Il laboratorio critico di Manganelli: appunti critici giovanili e note su Poe ......4 1.1.1. I contributi sul «Ragguaglio Librario» 1946 - 1949 ..................................9 1.1.2. Il frammento su The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ....... 18 1.2. Manganelli, Poe e la letteratura fantastica ...................................................... 21 1.3. Il principio estetico e il cattivo gusto ne I racconti: manifestazioni dell’al di là letterario .................................................................................................................. 26 1.4. Cronaca manganelliana della tragica parodia inscenata ne La rovina della casa degli Usher .............................................................................................................. 30 2. Note di Italo Calvino alle traduzioni dei Tales nella versione di Giorgio Manganelli ............................................................................................................................. 33 2.1. L'interesse di Calvino per la produzione manganelliana ................................. 33 2.2. Edgar Allan Manganelli................................................................................. 40 3. Vicissitudini editoriali, premi letterari e note di Manganelli alla traduzione de I racconti di Poe ............................................................................................................. 49 3.1. Vicende editoriali .......................................................................................... 49 3.2. Il premio città di Monselice per la traduzione letteraria e scientifica 1984 ..... 53 3.3. La Nota del traduttore .................................................................................... 58 4. Prassi traduttive a confronto ................................................................................. 68 4.1. Traduttori a confronto: Manganelli, Cinelli e Vittorini ................................... 68 4.1.1. Delfino Cinelli e l’incubo della traduzione di Poe ................................... 69 4.1.2. Elio Vittorini, il traduttore e la sua ombra ............................................... 74 4.2. Dall’avantesto al testo: Testimonianza sul caso del signor Valdemar ............. 91 4.3. Testi e traduzioni a confronto: metodologie d’analisi ..................................... 99 4.3.1. Massoni, muratori e cazzuole: ambiguità lessicale ................................ 103 4.3.2. La lettera trafugata ............................................................................... 107 4.3.3. Perché il francesino porta il braccio al collo: analisi delle strategie compensative...................................................................................................... 115 4.3.4. Considerazioni sulle analisi .................................................................. 125 5. Tradurre la short story: Manganelli e la traduzione dei racconti di O. Henry ....... 132 5.1. William Sydney Porter: ritratto biografico ................................................... 132 5.2. O. Henry e il genere della short story ........................................................... 133 5.3. Le traduzioni italiane di O. Henry e la fortuna e l’angoscia di Manganelli ... 147 5.4. Introduzione all’Arcadia: la prefazione di Manganelli alla raccolta di O. Henry .................................................................................................................... 150 6. Analisi comparative delle traduzioni dei racconti di O. Henry ............................ 157 6.1. “Lo sbirro e l’inno”: tradurre i realia............................................................ 157 6.2. Il riscatto di Capo Rosso .............................................................................. 173 6.3. La palma di Tobin ....................................................................................... 181 6.4. Conclusioni ................................................................................................. 191 7. Manipolazione testuale: la traduzione di Confidence di Henry James ................. 192 7.1. Manganelli, il giovane traduttore ................................................................. 192 7.2. Due analisi traduttive a confronto: Gregory Dowling e Viola Papetti ........... 200 8. Confidence nella traduzione di Giorgio Manganelli ............................................ 211 8.1. Tradurre le voci dei protagonisti .................................................................. 211 8.2. Traduzione del termine “confidence”........................................................... 223 8.3. Espressioni idiomatiche, omissioni e manipolazioni testuali ........................ 229 8.4. Conclusioni sul giovane traduttore Manganelli ............................................ 235 9. Manganelli traduttore ......................................................................................... 237 10. Bibliografia delle traduzioni di Giorgio Manganelli ............................................ 241 11. Bibliografia ........................................................................................................ 242 0. Introduzione Questo elaborato si prefigge il compito di presentare Giorgio Manganelli nella sua polimorfica veste di traduttore. Molto è stato scritto sulla prosa di Giorgio Manganelli, ma assai poco è stato detto sulla sua carriera di traduttore. Prima di diventare il Manganelli scrittore che noi tutti conosciamo e apprezziamo, Manganelli fu molte altre cose, tra le quali anche un traduttore. Manganelli tradusse occasionalmente nell’arco della sua carriera e sviluppò una sorta d’angoscia molto profonda nei confronti della pratica, probabilmente perché la traduzione richiedeva uno sforzo notevole e alle volte insopportabile. Attraverso questo studio si ambisce a far luce su un’area isolata e discontinua, che reclama con forza il proprio diritto di cittadinanza all’interno del complesso universo manganelliano. La nostra ricerca afferisce al campo dei Translation Studies, i quali, per il loro carattere interdisciplinare, vengono in genere collocati all’interno delle letterature comparate. È parso dunque imprescindibile tenere in debito conto non solo la componente linguistica dei testi analizzati, ma anche e soprattutto il contesto storico ed editoriale in cui le traduzioni sono state realizzate. Inoltre, si è scelto di individuare e analizzare tutto il materiale critico che accompagnò la realizzazione delle traduzioni di Manganelli, condizionandola. La ricostruzione filologica di questa ricerca prende origine dallo studio dei cinque quaderni di appunti critici inediti scritti da Manganelli tra 1948 e 1956 (custoditi presso il Centro manoscritti dell’Università di Pavia, fondato da Maria Corti). Attraverso questi frammenti si assiste, seguendo incerti e discontinui tracciati di penna, alla fabbricazione di una precisa e camaleontica personalità letteraria. Il laboratorio “pre- Manganelli” è una straordinaria officina del prosatore, e rappresenta un fertile terreno in cui vengono abbozzati i primissimi pensieri critici in brevi e concisi nuclei di testo. In questo elaborato vengono esaminati, attraverso la metodologia dell’analisi linguistica contrastiva, tre specifici case studies. Le traduzioni in questione sono: I racconti (1983) di Edgar Allan Poe, Memorie di un cane giallo (1962) di O. Henry e Fiducia (1946) di Henry James. Queste tre traduzioni sono rappresentative di tre periodi diversi nella vita dell’autore e ognuna di esse evidenzia un grado diverso di presenza nel testo dell’universo linguistico dello scrittore-traduttore. Si è scelto inoltre nell’analisi qualitativa di selezionare e analizzare alcuni passi significativi dei suddetti testi. 1 L’elaborato si suddivide in dieci capitoli. I primi quattro capitoli si focalizzano sul rapporto letterario tra Manganelli ed Edgar Allan Poe. Vengono pertanto scandagliati tutti gli appunti critici giovanili sullo scrittore bostoniano e vengono analizzati tutti i relativi saggi della maturità. Seguono le analisi di alcuni commenti interessanti formulati da Calvino sulla qualità della traduzione realizzata da Manganelli. Inoltre, è sembrato doveroso descrivere le fortunate circostanze editoriali che portarono alla realizzazione del progetto editoriale e traduttivo. Si giunge quindi alla sezione dedicata alle analisi linguistiche. Il capitolo si dirama in diverse sottosezioni, poiché si è scelto di proporre un confronto tra la traduzione realizzata da Manganelli e quelle di altri due scrittori- traduttori: Elio Vittorini e Delfino Cinelli. Pertanto essendo questi ultimi afferenti ad un sistema culturale ed editoriale antecedente, si è ritenuto opportuno presentarli in veste di traduttori, fornendo le coordinate necessarie per una comprensione profonda delle condizioni in cui le presenti traduzioni vennero realizzate.
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