MICROLED DISPLAYS - MARKET, INDUSTRY and TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 2021 Market & Technology Report - August 2021 Strong Momentum for Microled with Progress on All Fronts

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

MICROLED DISPLAYS - MARKET, INDUSTRY and TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 2021 Market & Technology Report - August 2021 Strong Momentum for Microled with Progress on All Fronts MICROLED DISPLAYS - MARKET, INDUSTRY AND TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 2021 Market & Technology Report - August 2021 Strong momentum for MicroLED with progress on all fronts. Cost is the biggest challenge, but Apple and Samsung are carving paths toward the consumer. WHAT’S NEW A STRONG MOMENTUM: HAS MICROLED REACHED ESCAPE VELOCITY? • Recent events and trends in The current display industry environment is LCD or OLED didn’t take off until HVM technology and the competitive favorable to microLED: China won the LCD war, equipment became available. Equipment makers landscape and the industry is turning its focus to technologies are now offering microLED-dedicated tools, and, • Die size and cost roadmaps that deliver differentiation and high margins. although hindered by a lack of standardization • In-depth analyses of the microLED Helped by a Covid-driven demand boost, it has in processes, some are developing one-stop TV market: B2B vs. B2C, miniLED swung back to profit and is generating cash to fund solutions, including transfer, inspection, and direct view LED display vs. new technologies. While the LCD business model repair. microLED TVs needs high-volume commodity products to absorb • Display drivers and architectures: Mass transfer is no longer considered a TFT, microdrivers and chiplets huge fab costs and make money on premium fundamental roadblock by most players. Many • Updated analysis of the microLED products, microLED could seed CapEx-light issues remain, but the industry now sees a manufacturing and equipment operations focused on serving premium markets. clearer runway. Commercial tools from ASMPT, emerging ecosystem: requirements, Apple put microLED on the map when it acquired Toray, Coherent/3D Micromac using different challenges, strategies, competitive Luxvue. Display makers were initially skeptical processes are accelerating development. More landscape but now believe that, while challenging, microLED are coming from TDK, V-Technology, Besi, KEY FEATURES displays might be credible contenders in some Bolite/Contrel, etc. • Technology status: efficiency, applications. As a result, money and resources Samsung and Vuzix (with JB Display) are transfer, driving, QNED, etc. are flowing into microLED, fueling a virtuous introducing the first commercial µLED products • Process flows circle with faster developments, and improving in 2021. They won’t yet move the needle of the • Manufacturing, equipment prospects that are attracting further investments. display industry but are positive developments. • Competitive landscape, key players • Intellectual property trends Has microLED display industry reached escape velocity? • Supply chain readiness, Products! manufacturing, and equipment ecosystems • Cost aspects, roadmaps Limited resources More resources • MicroLED display applications: ($, people) ($, people) Strengths, weaknesses, MicroLED specific Small / slow manufacturing and opportunities, and threats (SWOT) No incentive for improvement development tools equipment makers Acceleration of analysis, roadmap and forecast to develop tools development cycles for TVs, smartphones, wearables, automotive, augmented reality, Roadblocks laptops, tablets, and monitors Muddy and remain: performance, More effective underwhelming solutions to • MicroLED display panel and wafer prospects cost, supply Improving chain Prospects challenges demand forecast No convergence in Improving solutions and shared performance industry goals, roadmaps and cost PAST NOW? (Yole Développement, August 2021) APPLE VS. SAMSUNG: EARLY SUPPLY CHAIN MOVES INDICATE DIFFERENT PATHS TO REDUCE COST Strong momentum does not guarantee success: The cost of LCD decreased by a factor of 300, many technical and supply chain challenges could from $30k/m2 to $100/m2 in 25 years. However, still derail microLED. Many solutions look great LCD started from a blank canvas. Cost reduction on paper, but real-life process integration in a opportunities lie across the board: materials, high-volume manufacturing environment is much equipment, processes, etc. For LCD, the bulk of more challenging. Cost is the #1 obstacle and is the decrease was achieved by generation scaling. still 20x to 50x too high for consumer products. MicroLED, on the other hand, exists at the MICROLED DISPLAYS - MARKET, INDUSTRY AND TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 2021 Ref. YINTR21162 intersection of the mature Semiconductor, LED, LCD vs. microLED cost reduction paths and Flat Panel Display industries. Few contributors ~$30k/m2 present 300x cost reduction opportunities, but 1000 in many cases, µLED hasn’t yet leveraged the Gen 3 technologies and wafer processing equipment that MicroLED: Gen 4 50x in 10 years ?? could help deliver significant improvements. Gen 6 Apple clearly was aware of that: the company ) is driving its supply chain to a 200 mm wafer U A ( ? to unlock the fantastic efficiency of the mature 100 Gen 8+ e s Semi manufacturing philosophy that has remained a e r untapped by the LED industry. This risky and c LCD: e d 300x in 25 years initially costly bet could pay off, giving the company Gen 10 t s a unique advantage when it comes to addressing the o c e smartphone market, which requires very small and v i 10 t low-cost yet high-performance chips. a l e Gen 10.5 R Most other players are, for now, on the opposite path, building knowledge and reducing cost on ~$100/m2 existing 4” LED fabs while waiting for more clarity for the prospect of microLED. This approach could 1 work for first products (B2B TV, etc.) or small 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 displays but likely will not deliver the small die size and performance required for HVM of consumer (Yole Développement, August 2021) TVs or smartphones. PRODUCT ROADMAPS ARE COMING INTO FOCUS, AND THE SUPPLY CHAIN IS SHAPING UP Many companies have some pieces of the microLED restrictions that would prevent fully national supply puzzle, but none has all of them. It is unlikely that chains: microLED could become a supply-chain- any player will fully integrate all elements. Each will decoupling poster child. remain mostly focused on its core expertise: panel The traditional, vertically integrated display panel makers will source Chips-on-Wafer or binned, business model requires multi-billion-dollar fabs Chips-on-Carrier from LED makers. This leads to that few can afford. With microLED, the CapEx is more margin stacking. distributed among different industries. This leads Collaborations are increasingly falling along to a more complex but potentially more agile nationalist lines: Chinese companies BOE, CSOT, supply chain, opening the door to new entrants. Visionox, Huawei, etc., are collaborating with the If it desires, Apple could ultimately control a major domestic LED makers Sanan, HC-Semitek, fabless µLED display supply chain, independent of Nationstar, etc. At the same time, Taiwan leverages traditional panel makers and with multiple suppliers its strong LED, Display, and Semi ecosystem at each critical step. with AUO, Ennostar, and Playnitride increasing For most applications, we are struggling to collaborations. deliver a cost model scenario where microLED is Is the trend driven by the COVID crisis what significantly cheaper than OLED, let alone LCD. prevents teams from crossing borders? There Strong differentiation is therefore essential. This are no major technology or equipment access is easier in segments with no strong incumbents. Adoption in Augmented Reality (AR) will take off 2021-2027+ microLED display application timelines from 2023, but AR is still searching for a strong use case for high-volume consumer adoption. Automotive is compelling for microLED, but long Flagship Flagship design and qualification cycles are pushing initial Smartwatch Smartphone Consumer TV adoption beyond 2025. If Apple’s current pilot effort succeeds, smartwatch will be the first high-volume consumer application with a product introduction anticipated for 2024. TV and smartphone are Automotive Consumer AR more difficult nuts to crack as OLED is a moving target, improving continually in both cost and performance. Samsung’s commitment to TV is encouraging. The first real consumer products B2B Signage Enterprise AR & Luxury TV (Monochrome) could emerge from 2025. Smartphone remains the most challenging application, but Apple’s ambitious 2021 2022 2024 2025 2027 microLED technology choices bring new hope. Detailed forecasts of display and epiwafer volumes (Yole Développement, August 2021) are presented in the report. MARKET & TECHNOLOGY REPORT REPORT OBJECTIVES Understand the status of microLED technology: • Recent progress • What are the remaining pinch points? • Cost aspects, roadmaps Competitive landscape and supply chain: • Understand the microLED ecosystem: LED makers, equipment providers, panel makers, OEMs: key AUTHORS players, who does what, who works with whom? Eric Virey is a daily contributor to the • Scenarios for microLED display supply chain: OEMs, display makers, equipment makers, start-ups, development of the Display activity at and technology providers Yole, with a large collection of market and • Impact on the display supply chain technology reports on display technologies, Which applications could microLED displays address and when? Quantum Dots, MicroLEDs, TFT backplanes • Detailed analyses and roadmaps for major display applications as well as multiple custom consulting projects: • Cost analysis business strategy, identification of investments or acquisition targets, due diligences (buy/ COMPANIES CITED IN THE REPORT (non exhaustive list)
Recommended publications
  • Catalog-Web-ONYX-And-STAX.Pdf
    1 ABOUT NEXT LED Table of Contents Our Focus Next LED is a leading American manufacturer of 2 About Next LED commercial, billboard, sports, and indoor LED displays. We pour the quality and work ethic of 4 LED 101 the heartland into every sign we engineer and assemble from our headquarters in Wichita, 6 Pitch / Dealer Tools Kansas. As the LED signage industry matures and businesses and organizations around the world realize the benefits of dynamic marketing 8 Commercial Signs through digital signs, it is our sole focus to provide the most reliable products and related services 10 Franchise / Dynamic Data that go beyond the physical components of the display. In a word, every Next LED product comes 12 Billboards loaded with VALUE. 14 Sports Highest Quality Parts While all LED signs aren’t created equal, they are, 16 Operating Software for the most part, created using the same types of components, often supplied by the exact same OEM companies. Next LED uses the highest quality 18 Custom Content LED diodes, lamps, ribbon cables, power supplies, data, and aluminum cabinetry to create a rugged, Questions? Call us at: reliable product for both on and off premise use. 2 888.263.6530 5 Year Parts, Labor, & Brightness Warranty Experience the Best Warranty in the Industry 5 YEARS It’s one thing to say you’ve got a great product; it’s another to stand behind it. Next LED’s industry leading warranty guarantees that you won’t have TM NO PARTS LABOR BRIGHTNESS anything to worry about for up to five years.
    [Show full text]
  • New Display Technologies (Crts), Displays Have Become Ubiquitous and Have Taken Many Different Forms
    1.0 Introduction Mini Briefing Electronic displays are one of the fastest-growing worldwide technologies. Once reserved for televisions and computers, and composed of large cathode-ray tubes New Display Technologies (CRTs), displays have become ubiquitous and have taken many different forms. Flat-panel displays are overtaking the CRT and are being used in larger quantities for Steve Statham portable computers, a variety of handheld devices, desktop computers and televisions, as well as tiny microdisplays, which are being used in projection televisions, for near-eye applications, where a virtual screen is presented to the viewer. The world of displays is Advances in new display technologies are rapidly changing to meet the evolving needs of the beginning to open up many new possibilities to electronic-device user. consumers and manufacturers. Unfortunately there is always a large time lag between the discoveries made, and the time when practical applications 2.0 Applications finally appear. Even once they have been incorporated into everyday items, they are The electronic-display device industry caters mainly for the sometimes expensive. automation and electronics appliance industries. Characteristic of OEM products, the growth of the display However, major developments are now taking industry is directly linked to the demand trends in end-user place in a variety of display materials with the markets. Display manufacturers, mainly concentrated in potential to enable handheld computers and mobile Japan and East Asian countries, account for over 80% of phones to be more functional and user-friendly, total display production. which could greatly aid in the convergence of functionality and convenience that these products The end-user market (which includes televisions, are intended to deliver.
    [Show full text]
  • Various Display Technologiess
    VARIOUS DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIESS Mr. Virat C. Gandhi1 1Computer Department, C. U. Shah Technical Institute of Diploma Studies Abstract—A lot has been invented from the past till now in regards with the display technologies. It gives an immense life to electronic device when good display technology are being used. Now a days displays are coming in various sizes for different portable devices like smart phones, tablets, smart watch, televisions, laptops etc. People are expecting better display no matter what device they use. In this paper I have given an overview of some of the past technologies to the technologies till now. Flat-panel displays use Liquid-crystal display (LCD) technology to make them much lighter and thinner when compared with a traditional monitor. A liquid crystal display consists of an array of tiny segments (called pixels) that can be manipulated to present information. Plasma panels, also called gas discharge displays, are constructed by filling the region between two glass plates with a mixture of gases that usually include neon. In LED, A matrix of diodes is arranged to form the pixel positions in the display, and picture definition is stored in refresh buffer. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) technology relies on the organic materials. Keywords— Display Technology; LCD; LED; Flexible display; Curved display; I. INTRODUCTION In today’s smart world, people are carrying smart devices all over the places they visit. Wherever people are they are surrounded or accompanied by display devices, such as smart phones, tablets, notebooks and advertising screens. Different devices uses different display technologies to enrich devices facilities.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Of-The-Art in Holography and Auto-Stereoscopic Displays
    State-of-the-art in holography and auto-stereoscopic displays Daniel Jönsson <Ersätt med egen bild> 2019-05-13 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Auto-stereoscopic displays ........................................................................................................................... 5 Two-View Autostereoscopic Displays ....................................................................................................... 5 Multi-view Autostereoscopic Displays ...................................................................................................... 7 Light Field Displays .................................................................................................................................. 10 Market ......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Display panels ......................................................................................................................................... 14 AR ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 Application Fields ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Companies .................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Light-Emitting Diode - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Light-emitting diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A light-emitting diode (LED) (pronounced /ˌɛl iː ˈdiː/[1]) is a semiconductor Light-emitting diode light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting. Introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962,[2] early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available across the visible, ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. When a light-emitting diode is forward biased (switched on), electrons are able to recombine with holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy gap of Red, green and blue LEDs of the 5mm type 2 the semiconductor. An LED is usually small in area (less than 1 mm ), and Type Passive, optoelectronic integrated optical components are used to shape its radiation pattern and assist in reflection.[3] LEDs present many advantages over incandescent light sources Working principle Electroluminescence including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved robustness, Invented Nick Holonyak Jr. (1962) smaller size, faster switching, and greater durability and reliability. LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are relatively expensive and require more Electronic symbol precise current and heat management than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output. Pin configuration Anode and Cathode Light-emitting diodes are used in applications as diverse as replacements for aviation lighting, automotive lighting (particularly indicators) and in traffic signals.
    [Show full text]
  • Display Devices
    ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 1 DISPLAY DEVICES VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 2 Display devices Display devices are used for the visual presentation of information. 1. Analog display devices (cathode-ray tubes) • Oscilloscope tubes •TV CRTs 2. Digital display devices • LED (including OLED) displays • VF (vacuum fluorescent ) displays • LCD (liquid crystal) displays • Nixie tube displays and PDPs (plasma display panels) • Electroluminescent displays (ELDs) 3. Others: • Electronic paper • Using principles of nanoelectronics (carbon nanotubes, nanocrystals) • Laser TV VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 3 Classification of electronic information technologies with high information content; highlighted technologies are treated in this article w4.siemens.de/.../heft2_97/artikel08/index.html VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 4 Display devices Electronic display devices based on various principles were developed. Active display devices are based on luminescence. Luminescence is the general term used to describe the emission of electromagnetic radiation from a substance due to a non-thermal process. Luminescence occurs from a solid when it is supplied with some form of energy. Photoluminescence arises as a result of absorption of photons. In the case of cathodoluminescence material is excited by bombardment with a beam of electrons. Electroluminescence is a result of excitation from the application of an electric field. Fluorescence persists for a short lifetime of the transition between the two energy levels. Phosphorescence persists for much longer time (more than 10-8 s). Passive display devices reflect or modulate light… VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 5 Display devices.
    [Show full text]
  • Technology Brief 6: Display Technologies
    106 TECHNOLOGY BRIEF 6: DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES Technology Brief 6: Display Technologies From cuneiform-marked clay balls to the abacus to today’s digital projection technology, advances in visual displays have accompanied almost every major leap in information technology. While the earliest “modern” computers relied on cathode ray tubes (CRT) to project interactive images, today’s computers can access a wide variety of displays ranging from plasma screens and LED arrays to digital micromirror projectors, electronic ink, and virtual reality interfaces. In this Technology Brief, we will review the major technologies currently available for two-dimensional visual displays. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) The earliest computers relied on the same technology that made the television possible. In a CRT television or monitor (Fig. TF6-1), an electron gun is placed behind a positively charged glass screen, and a negatively charged electrode (the cathode) is mounted at the input of the electron gun. During operation, the cathode emits streams of electrons into the electron gun. The emitted electron stream is steered onto different parts of the positively charged screen by the electron gun; the direction of the electron stream is controlled by the electric field of the deflecting coils through which the beam passes. The screen is composed of thousands of tiny dots of phosphorescent material arranged in a two-dimensional array. Every time an electron hits a phosphor dot, it glows a specific color (red, blue, or green). A pixel on the screen is composed of phosphors of these three colors. In order to make an image appear to move on the screen, the electron gun constantly steers the electron stream onto different phosphors, lighting them up faster than the eye can detect the changes, and thus, the images appear to move.
    [Show full text]
  • [Display Dynamics] Micro LED and Flexible OLED Are the Key Displays for the Automotive Application in SID 2020
    Publication date: 24 Aug 2020 Author: Stacy Wu Principal Analyst, Small Medium Display & Automotive Display [Display Dynamics] Micro LED and flexible OLED are the key displays for the automotive application in SID 2020 Brought to you by Informa Tech [Display Dynamics] Micro LED and flexible OLED 1 are the key displays for the automotive application in SID 2020 Table of Figures: michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_49_29_capturejpg1 ..............................................2 michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_50_32_capturejpg2 ..............................................3 michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_51_26_capturejpg3 ..............................................4 michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_52_25_capturejpg4 ..............................................4 michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_53_33_capturejpg5 ..............................................5 michellewhitcombinformacom_2020_8_24_23_56_48_capturejpg6 ..............................................6 © 2020 Omdia. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. [Display Dynamics] Micro LED and flexible OLED 2 are the key displays for the automotive application in SID 2020 Key Findings . Automotive has become a key application to adopt advanced display technologies. During the virtual Society for Information Display’s (SID) Display Week 2020, held on August 3–7, 2020, several OLED and micro LED displays for the automotive application were demonstrated. Both OLED and micro LED display technologies can provide true-black, transparency,
    [Show full text]
  • The Challenges Faced by Development of Micro-LED & Mini
    The Challenges faced by development of Micro-LED & Mini-LED Display BOE Technology Group Ke Wang 2021.3.25 Outline 1 The background of Micro LED & Mini LED Display 2 The application of Micro LED & Mini LED Display Micro LED The challenge of Micro LED & 3 Mini LED Display 4 BOE Micro LED & Mini LED R&D 1. The background of Micro LED & Mini LED Display From Yole As the size of LEDs decreasing, applications transition from illumination to display 3 1. The background of Micro LED & Mini LED Display Display LCD OLED Micro-LED Color Technology Emissive Emissive CF+backlight EQE Low Medium High Brightness(cd/m 3000 1000 100000 2) Contrast 1000:1 10000:1 1000000:1 CRI 75%NTSC 124%NTSC 140%NTSC lifetime(h) 60k 20-30k 80-100k Response time ms us ns Power High 60-80% of LCD 30-40% of LCD As the size of LEDs decreasing, applications transition Operating -40℃~100℃ -40℃~100℃ -40℃~100℃ from illumination to display temperature 4 2. The application of Micro LED & Mini LED Display Solution Application Ultra high contrast Ultra-high brightness LCD Panel Mini-LED BLU 1,Mini-LED BLU+LCD Oversize Display Flexible display Ultra high resolution 2,Mini-LED Display,Seamless splicing,oversize Display 3,Realize high-resolution mobile display through mass transfer, From Internet bonding and mass repair 5 3. The challenge of Micro LED & Mini LED Display 3.1 Micro LED& Mini LED EPI & Chip process 1,Affected by etching, sidewall defects will be introduced. When the size of the LED is reduced, the proportion of sidewall defects will increase and the EQE will drop significantly.
    [Show full text]
  • Light Emitting Diodes Reliability Review ⇑ Moon-Hwan Chang A, Diganta Das A, P.V
    Microelectronics Reliability 52 (2012) 762–782 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Microelectronics Reliability journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/microrel Light emitting diodes reliability review ⇑ Moon-Hwan Chang a, Diganta Das a, P.V. Varde a,c, Michael Pecht a,b, a CALCE Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States b Center for Prognostics and System Health Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China c Homi Bhabha National Institute, Reactor Group, Dhruva Complex, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India article info abstract Article history: The increasing demand for light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been driven by a number of application cat- Received 21 February 2011 egories, including display backlighting, communications, medical services, signage, and general illumina- Received in revised form 9 July 2011 tion. The construction of LEDs is somewhat similar to microelectronics, but there are functional Accepted 16 July 2011 requirements, materials, and interfaces in LEDs that make their failure modes and mechanisms unique. Available online 15 August 2011 This paper presents a comprehensive review for industry and academic research on LED failure mecha- nisms and reliability to help LED developers and end-product manufacturers focus resources in an effec- tive manner. The focus is on the reliability of LEDs at the die and package levels. The reliability information provided by the LED manufacturers is not at a mature enough stage to be useful to most con- sumers and end-product manufacturers. This paper provides the groundwork for an understanding of the reliability issues of LEDs across the supply chain.
    [Show full text]
  • Direct View LED Display Pixel Pitch
    Advanced Display Technologies Presented by: JonathanAlan Brawn, C. Brawn & CTSJonathan Brawn CTS, ISF, ISF-C, DSCE, DSDE, DSNE Principal, PrincipalsBrawn of Brawn Consulting Consulting [email protected] [email protected] Advanced Display Technologies • The central focus of the commercial industry is (and perhaps always will be) displays. • The topic of displays is broad, encompassing many elements built in to the final products that we buy. • This course is intended to take a detailed look at the technologies that go into each type of displays that are commonly available today. • To place it all in context, we will examine the operation and construction of the technologies themselves, and advances and trends that will characterize where we will be going in the future. • We hope you enjoy the journey! Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Technology LCD Made Possible • There's far more to building an LCD than simply creating a sheet of liquid crystals. • The combination of four principles makes LCDs possible: • Light can be polarized. • Liquid crystal can transmit polarized light or change the plane of polarization. • The structure of liquid crystals can be changed by electric field. • There are transparent substances that can conduct electricity. Polarization of Light • Light is made up of electromagnetic waves, that can be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed by materials. • These waves will naturally have an axis, or a plane that they follow as they move through space. • When light is said to be polarized, all of the waves of light are following the same axis and orientation of the plane. • A polarizing filter is designed to block out light of certain planes, while allowing specific orientations through the filter.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Dots Based Full-Color Display on Microled Technology
    Quantum dots based full-color display on MicroLED technology CHIH-HAO LIN1, CHUN-FU LEE1, CHIEN-CHUNG LIN2, CHEN-HSIEN CHU2, CHIN-WEI SHER3, ZHAO-JUN LIU4, AND HAO-CHUNG KUO1,* 1Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan 2Institute of Photonic System, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan 711, Taiwan 3Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 4Department Of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract ten times of brightness. Hence, the present approach i.e. In this paper, we would like to review our lab's result " a photo-luminescent (PL) QDs based micro-LEDs can replace the quantum-dot (QD)-based full-color emission red–green–blue (RGB) color filters and wider color gamut (1.52 times that of NTSC 1976). micro-light-emitting-diode (micro-LED) array ". By using Color gamut was an evaluation metric, which was determined by the photoresist as the masking material for micro-LED arrays, also the maximum colors in the display. Rec.2020., a new color triangle was photoresist mold can reduce optical cross-talk effect. The colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are used as photon conversion layer and the devised to strictly define the color gamut standard. Our previous Aerosol Jet ® technology was applied for dispensing the QDs. A research demonstrated a QD micro display with over 80% of the full-color array can be demonstrated and the isolation between color gamut of Rec.
    [Show full text]