DOCSLIB.ORG

Tacitus : [In Five Volumes]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

= ru ;ru :f^ ! m \ THE LIBRARY of VICTORIA UNIVERSITY Toronto If '</ ,<*- /I 7 ' THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB, LL.D. EDITED BY tT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. CAPPS, PH.D., ll.d. tW. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. PI >ST, l.h.d. E. H. WARMINGTOX, m.a., f.r.hist.soo. TACITUS IV TACITUS THE HISTORIES WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY CLIFFORD H. MOORE Ot HARVARD UNIVERSITY THE ANNALS WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY JOHN JACKSON IN FOUR VOLUMES IV ANNALS, Books X1II-XVI LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE. MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLXII \A- First printed 1937 Reprinted 1951, 1956. 1962 3285 Printed in Great Britain CONTENTS paou Book XIII 1 Book XIV 105 Book XV . 215 Book XVI 337 Index 391 Map- Asia Minor At End THE ANNALS OF TACITUS BOOK XIII AB EXCESSU DIVI AUGUSTI P. CORNELII TACITI LIBER XIII I. Piuma novo principatu mors Iunii Silani pro- consulis Asiae ignaro Nerone per dolum Agrippinae paratur, non quia ingenii violentia exitium inrita- verat, segnfs et dominationibus aliis fastiditus, adeo ut Gaius Caesar pecudem auream eum appellare solitus sit : verum Agrippina fratri eius L. Silano necem niolita ultorem metuebat. crebra vulgi fama anteponendum esse vixdum pueritiam egresso Ne- roni et imperiuin per scelus adepto virum aetate composita, insontem, nobilem et, quod tunc spectare- tur, e Caesarum posteris : quippe et Silanus divi Augusti abnepos erat. Haec causa necis. Minis- tri f'uere P. Celer eques Romanus et Helius libertus. rei familiari principis in Asia impositi. Ab his pro- consuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius. quam ut fallerent. Nee minus properato Narcissus Claudii libertus. de cuius iurgiis adversus Agrippinam rettuli, aspera custodia et necessitate extrema ad 1 So Diogenes rov afiaBrj vXovot-ov npo^arov eint xpvo6fj.aA\r>v (1). Laert. VI. 2, 47). 2 Once the affianced husband of Oct a via : see XII. 3 sqq. 3 Their grandmothers, Julia and the elder Agrippina, had been sisters : see vol. ii. p. 240. J See XII. 57, 65. 2 THE ANNALS OF TACITUS BOOK XIII I. The first death under the new prineipate, that of Junius Silanus, proconsul of Asia, was brought to pass, without Nero's cognizance, by treachery on the part of Agrippina. It was not that he had pro- voked his doom by violence of temper, lethargic as he was, and so completely disdained by former des- potisms that Gaius Caesar usually styled him " the golden sheep "i 1 but Agrippina, who had procured the death of his brother Lucius Silanus,2 feared him as a possible avenger, since it was a generally expressed opinion of the multitude that Nero, barely emerged from boyhood and holding the empire in consequence of a crime, should take second place to a man of settled years, innocent character, and noble family, who—a point to be regarded in those days—was counted among the posterity of the Caesars : for Silanus, like Nero, was the son of a great-grandchild 3 of Augustus. Such was the cause of death : the instruments were the Roman knight, Publius Celer, and the freedman Helius, who were in charge of the imperial revenues in Asia. By these poison was administered to the proconsul at a dinner, too openly to avoid detection. With no less speed, Claudius' freedman Narcissus, whose altercations with Agrip- pina I have already noticed, 4 was forced to suicide by a rigorous confinement and by the last necessity, 3 VOL. IV. A 2. THE ANNALS OF TACITUS mortem agitur. invito principe, cuius abditis adhuc vitiis per avaritiam ac prodigentiam mire congruebat. II. Ibaturque in caedes, nisi Afranius Burrus et Annaeus Seneca obviam issent. Hi rectores impera- toriae iuventae et, rarum in societate potentiae, Concordes, diversa arte ex aequo pollebant, Burrus militaribus curis et severitate morum, Seneca prae- ceptis eloquentiae et comitate honesta, iuvantes in vicem, quo facilius lubrieam principis aetatem, si virtutem aspernaretur, voluptatibus concessis re- tinerent. Certamen utrique unum erat contra ferociam Agrippinae, quae cunctis malae domina- tionis cupidinibus flagrans habebat in partibus Pal- lantem, quo auctore Claudius nuptiis incestis et adoptione exitiosa semet perverterat. Sed neque Neroni infra servos ingenium, et Pallas tristi adro- gantia modum liberti egressus taedium sui moverat. Propalam tamen omnes in earn honores cumula- bantur, signumque more militiae petenti tribuno dedit optimae matris. Decreti et a senatu duo lictores, flaminium Claudiale, simul Claudio cen- sorium funus et mox consecratio. III. Die funeris laudationem eius princeps exorsus est, dum antiquitatem generis, consulatus ac 1 In command of the praetorian cohort on guard at the palace. ; BOOK XIII. i.-m. much against the will of the emperor, with whose still hidden vices his greed and prodigality were in admirable harmony. II. The tendency, in fact, was towards murder, had not Afranius Burrus and Seneca intervened. Both guardians of the imperial youth, and—a rare oc- currence where power is held in partnership—both in agreement, they exercised equal influence by contrasted methods ; and Burrus, with his soldierly interests and austerity, and Seneca, with his lessons in eloquence and his self-respecting courtliness, aided each other to ensure that the sovereign's years of temptation should, if he were scornful of virtue, be restrained within the bounds of per- missible indulgence. Each had to face the same conflict with the overbearing pride of Agrippina who. burning with all the passions of illicit power, had the adherence of Pallas, at whose instigation Claudius had destroved himself by an incestuous marriage and a fatal adoption. But neither was Nero's a disposition that bends to slaves, nor had Pallas, who with his sullen arrogance transcended the limits of a freedman, failed to awaken his disgust. Still, in public, every compliment was heaped upon 1 the princess ; and when the tribune, following the military routine, applied for the password, her son gave: "The best of mothers." The senate, too, accorded her a pair of lictors and the office of priestess to Claudius, to whom was voted, in the same session, a public funeral, followed presently by deification. III. On the day of the obsequies, the prince opened his panegyric of Claudius. So long as he rehearsed the antiquity of his family, the consulates and the THE ANNALS OF TACITUS triumphos maiorum enumerabat. iutentus ipse et ceteri ; liberalium quoque artium commemoratio et nihil regente eo triste rei publicae ab externLs accidisse pronis animis audita : postquam ad pro- videntiam sapientiamque flexit, nemo risui temperare, quamquam oratio a Seneca composita multum cultus praeferret, ut fuit illi viro ingenium amoenum et temporis eius auribus adcommodatum. Adnotabant seniores, quibus otiosum est vetera et praesentia contendere, primum ex iis, qui rerum potiti essent. Neronem alienae facundiae eguisse. Nam dictator Caesar summis oratoribus aemulus ; et Augusto prompta ac profluens quae 1 deceret principem elo- quentia fuit. Tiberius artem quoque callebat, qua verba expenderet, turn validus sensibus aut consulto ambiguus. Etiam Gai Caesaris turbata mens vim dicendi non corrupit. Nee in Claudio. quotiens meditata dissereret, 2 elegantiam requireres. Nero puerilibus statim annis vividum animum in alia detorsit : caelare, pingere, cantus aut regimen equorum exercere ; et aliquando carminibus pangen- dis inesse sibi elementa doctrinae ostendebat. IV. Ceterum peractis tristitiae imitamentis curiam ingressus et de auctoritate patrum et consensu militum praefatus, consilia sibi et exempla capessendi egregie imperii memoravit. Neque iuventam armis civilibus aut domesticis discordiis imbutam ; nulla 1 quae] quaeque Ernesti. 2 dissereret Puleolanws : dissererentur. 1 An impressive catalogue of his literary labours, Greek and Latin, is given by Suetonius (Claud. 41 sq.)- The most regret- able loss is, no doubt, that of the eight rolls of an autobio- graphy, composed magis inepte quam inelegant&r. 6 —; BOOK XIII. in. iv. triumphs of his ancestors, he was taken seriously by himself and by others. Allusions, also, to his literary attainments 1 and to the freedom of his reign from reverses abroad had a favourable hearing. But when the orator addressed himself to his fore- sight and sagacity, no one could repress a smile ; though the speech, as the composition of Seneca, exhibited the degree of polish to be expected from that famous man, whose pleasing talent was so well suited to a contemporary audience. The elderlv observers, who make a pastime of comparing old days and new, remarked that Nero was the first master of the empire to stand in need of borrowed eloquence. For the dictator Caesar had rivalled the greatest orators ; and Augustus had the ready and fluent diction appropriate to a monarch. Tiberius was, in addition, a master of the art of weighing words powerful, moreover, in the expression of his views, or, if ambiguous, ambiguous by design. Even Caligula's troubled brain did not affect his power of speech ; and, when Claudius had prepared his harangues, elegance was not the quality that was missed. But Nero, even in his childish years, turned his vivacious mind to other interests : he carved, painted, practised singing or driving, and occasionally in a set of verses showed that he had in him the rudiments of culture. IV. However, when the mockeries of sorrow had been carried to their close, he entered the curia and, after an opening reference to the authority of the Fathers and the unanimity of the army, stated that "he had before himadviceand examples pointing him to an admirable system of government. Nor had his youth been poisoned by civil war or family strife : — — THE ANNALS OF TACITUS odia, nullas iniurias nee eupidinem ultionis adferre. Turn formam futuri principatus praescripsit, ea maxi- me declinans. quorum recens flagrabat invidia. Non enim se negotiorum omnium iudicem fore, ut elausis unam intra domum accusatoribus et reis pau- eorum potentia grassaretur ; nihil in penatibus suis venale aut ambitioni pervium ; discretam domum et rem publieam.
Recommended publications
  • Vita Senecae

    Vita Senecae

    Julia Preuß Vita Senecae Eine deutsch-lateinische Kurzbiographie auf Grundlage der Epistulae morales 1. Herkunft und Ausbildung Lucius Annaeus Seneca wurde um die Zeitenwende in der südspanischen Stadt Corduba, welche damals die Hauptstadt der römischen Provinz Baetica war, geboren. Sein Geburtsjahr lässt sich nicht exakt bestimmen: Es lag zwischen 4 vor und 1 nach Christi Geburt, wahrscheinlich 1 v. Chr. Seine Familie gehörte dem Ritterstand an und war recht begütert. Senecas Vater, Lucius Annaeus Seneca der Ältere (ca. 55 v. Chr. bis 37 n. Chr.) war in der kaiserlichen Verwaltung tätig und darüber hinaus Redelehrer und Redner. Sein rhetorisches Hauptwerk, welches ihm auch den Namen ‚Seneca Rhetor‘ einbrachte, ist ein Zeugnis für die rhetorische Praxis in der Kaiserzeit. Senecas Mutter Helvia, die deutlich jünger als ihr Gatte war, schien eine kluge und an den Wissenschaften interessierte Frau gewesen zu sein, was bei den römischen Männern jedoch im Allgemeinen als verpönt galt. Seneca bedauert später in einem Brief, den er seiner Mutter aus dem Exil schickte, dass diese aufgrund der konservativen Engstirnigkeit seines Vaters keine intensivere Ausbildung genossen habe. Sie kümmerte sich stattdessen in erster Linie um das Familienvermögen und hielt sich auch sonst eher im Hintergrund. Seneca hatte noch zwei Brüder, den älteren Novatus, später Statthalter der römischen Provinz Achaia in Griechenland, und den jüngeren Mela, den Vater des berühmten Dichters Lucan. Seine spanische Herkunft erwähnt Seneca selbst nicht explizit, was vielleicht auch der Tatsache geschuldet ist, dass die Familie kurz nach Senecas Geburt wegen der angestrebten Ausbildung und Karriere der drei Söhne nach Rom umzog. Hier erwarb Seneca zunächst wie üblich Grundkenntnisse beim Elementarlehrer, dem grammaticus, sowie eine rhetorische Ausbildung.
  • CLAS 4000 Seminar in Classics on Seneca's Thyestes and LATN 4002 Roman Drama

    CLAS 4000 Seminar in Classics on Seneca's Thyestes and LATN 4002 Roman Drama

    CLAS 4000 Seminar in Classics on Seneca’s Thyestes and LATN 4002 Roman Drama http://myweb.ecu.edu/stevensj/CLAS4000/2016syllabus.pdf Prof. John A. Stevens Spring 2016 Office: Ragsdale 133 [email protected] Office Hours: TTh 11-1:30 and by appt. (252) 328-6056 Objectives. Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: • Situate Senecan tragedy in the contexts of Roman literature, history and political philosophy • Analyze the elements of Roman Stoicism present in Seneca’s Thyestes • Characterize contemporary literary approaches to the play • Evaluate the play’s literary and philosophical elements as an integral whole Writing Intensive (WI) CLAS 4000 is a writing intensive course in the Writing Across the Curriculum Program at East Carolina University. With committee approval, this course contributes to the twelve-hour WI requirement for students at ECU. Additional information is available at: http://www.ecu.edu/writing/wac/. WI Course goals: • Use writing to investigate complex, relevant topics and address significant questions through engagement with and effective use of credible sources; • Produce writing that reflects an awareness of context, purpose, and audience, particularly within the written genres (including genres that integrate writing with visuals, audio or other multi-modal components) of their major disciplines and/or career fields; • Understand that writing as a process made more effective through drafts and revision; • Produce writing that is proofread and edited to avoid grammatical and mechanical errors; • Ability to assess and explain the major choices made in the writing process. • Students are responsible for uploading the following to iWebfolio (via Courses/Student Portfolio in OneStop): 1) A final draft of a major writing project from the WI course, 2) A description of the assignment for which the project was written, and 3) A writing self-analysis document (a component of our QEP).
  • Representing Roman Female Suicide. Phd Thesis

    Representing Roman Female Suicide. Phd Thesis

    GUILT, REDEMPTION AND RECEPTION: REPRESENTING ROMAN FEMALE SUICIDE ELEANOR RUTH GLENDINNING, BA (Hons) MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy DECEMBER 2011 Abstract This thesis examines representations of Roman female suicide in a variety of genres and periods from the history and poetry of the Augustan age (especially Livy, Ovid, Horace, Propertius and Vergil), through the drama and history of the early Principate (particularly Seneca and Tacitus), to some of the Church fathers (Tertullian, Jerome and Augustine) and martyr acts of Late Antiquity. The thesis explores how the highly ambiguous and provocative act of female suicide was developed, adapted and reformulated in historical, poetic, dramatic and political narratives. The writers of antiquity continually appropriated this controversial motif in order to comment on and evoke debates about issues relating to the moral, social and political concerns of their day: the ethics of a voluntary death, attitudes towards female sexuality, the uses and abuses of power, and traditionally expected female behaviour. In different literary contexts, and in different periods of Roman history, writers and thinkers engaged in this same intellectual exercise by utilising the suicidal female figure in their works. ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank the Arts and Humanities Research Council for providing the financial assistance necessary for me to carry out this research. The Roman Society also awarded a bursary that allowed me to undertake research at the Fondation Hardt pour I'etude de I'antiquite classique, in Geneva, Switzerland (June 2009). I am also grateful for the CAS Gender Histories bursary award which aided me while making revisions to the original thesis.
  • Anthony Tropolle Life of Cicero

    Anthony Tropolle Life of Cicero

    ANTHONY TROPOLLE LIFE OF CICERO VOLUME I 2008 – All rights reserved Non commercial use permitted HE LIFE OF CICERO BY ANTHONY TROLLOPE _IN TWO VOLUMES_ VOL. I. CONTENTS OF VOLUME I. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. CHAPTER II. HIS EDUCATION. CHAPTER III. THE CONDITION OF ROME. CHAPTER IV. HIS EARLY PLEADINGS.--SEXTUS ROSCIUS AMERINUS.--HIS INCOME. CHAPTER V. CICERO AS QUAESTOR. CHAPTER VI. VERSES. CHAPTER VII. CICERO AS AEDILE AND PRAETOR. CHAPTER VIII. CICERO AS CONSUL. CHAPTER IX. CATILINE. CHAPTER X. CICERO AFTER HIS CONSULSHIP. CHAPTER XI. THE TRIUMVIRATE. CHAPTER XII. HIS EXILE. * * * * * APPENDICES. APPENDIX A. APPENDIX B. APPENDIX C. APPENDIX D. APPENDIX E. THE LIFE OF CICERO. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. I am conscious of a certain audacity in thus attempting to give a further life of Cicero which I feel I may probably fail in justifying by any new information; and on this account the enterprise, though it has been long considered, has been postponed, so that it may be left for those who come after me to burn or publish, as they may think proper; or, should it appear during my life, I may have become callous, through age, to criticism. The project of my work was anterior to the life by Mr. Forsyth, and was first suggested to me as I was reviewing the earlier volumes of Dean Merivale's History of the Romans under the Empire. In an article on the Dean's work, prepared for one of the magazines of the day, I inserted an apology for the character of Cicero, which was found to be too long as an episode, and was discarded by me, not without regret.
  • Seneca in Den Annalen Des Tacitus

    Seneca in Den Annalen Des Tacitus

    Seneca in den Annalen des Tacitus Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn vorgelegt von Michael Brinkmann aus Düsseldorf Bonn 2002 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn 1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Zwierlein 2. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Jakobi Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 25. April 2002 Vorwort III Vorwort Das Vorwort des Verfassers ist eine Danksagung, in der es an erster Stelle den Doktorvater, Herrn Professor Dr. Otto Zwierlein, zu erwähnen gilt. Sein kritisches Urteil hat die Arbeit korrigierend begleitet, ihm ist die Finanzierung der Dissertation durch ein Stipendium des an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum angesiedelten DFG-Graduiertenkollegs „Der Kommentar in Antike und Mittelalter“ zu verdanken. Prof. Zwierlein danke ich ebenfalls für zwei durch ihn ermöglichte Auslandsaufenthalte in Oxford, wo ich intensiv mit Frau Dr. Miriam Griffin, Somerville College, zusammenarbeiten durfte. Sie ist gleichsam die Doktormutter dieser Arbeit, der ich herzlich für ihren fachlichen Einsatz und ihre Gastfreundschaft danke. In den arbeitsreichen Wochen von Berufseinstieg und Abschluß der Disserta- tion konnte ich auf hilfreiche Unterstützung bauen: Dr. Hendrik Müller- Reineke danke ich für seine kritische Lektüre der vorliegenden Arbeit. Größten Dank schulde ich Thomas Riesenweber, der als unermüdlicher Korrekturleser und Layout-Experte die zügige Niederschrift der Arbeit erst ermöglichte.
  • De Otio De Brevitate Vitae

    De Otio De Brevitate Vitae

    SENECA DE OTIO DE BREVITATE VITAE G. D. WILLIAMS Associate Professor of Classics, Columbia University, New York The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge , United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, ,UK West th Street, New York, -, USA Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, , Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on , Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town , South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Baskerville / pt and New Hellenic System LATEX ε [] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library hardback paperback CONTENTS Preface page vii Conventions and abbreviations viii Introduction Author and date: initial problems The Dialogues in context (a) The Stoicbackground (b) The Roman philosophical tradition (c) From Republicto Empire De otio (a) The view from above (b) Date, addressee and related problems De breuitate uitae (a) Preliminaries (b) Date and addressee (c) Theme and interpretation Style and language (a) Senecan style: context and general tendency (b) Senecan mannerism, vocabulary, wordplay The transmission of the text L. ANNAEI SENECAE DE OTIO; DE BREVITATE VITAE Commentary Bibliography Indexes General Latin words Greek words v INTRODUCTION . AUTHOR AND DATE: INITIAL PROBLEMS Born into a provincial equestrian family of Italian extraction at Corduba (modern C´ordoba) in southern Spain, Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c. – ) wasraisedand educated from an early age at Rome.
  • Die Römisch-Rechtlichen Quellen Der Grammatiker Verrius Flaccus Und Festus Pompeius

    Die Römisch-Rechtlichen Quellen Der Grammatiker Verrius Flaccus Und Festus Pompeius

    Dirksen, Heinrich Eduard Die römisch-rechtlichen Quellen der Grammatiker Verrius Flaccus und Festus Pompeius [S.n.] 1852 eBooks von / from Digitalisiert von / Digitised by Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin V *» * H\ + *+i rv o^° % Ijmi Itffe Die römisch-rechtlichen Quellen der Grammatiker Verrius Flaccus und Festus Pompeius. Von H. E. DIRKSEN. [Gelesen in der Akademie der Wissenschaften am 10. Junius 1852.] JLJS ist zur Genüge bekannt, dafs wir die reichhaltigsten Beiträge zur Kunde des älteren römischen Rechts, und namentlich einen nicht unerheblichen Schatz von Bruchstücken wichtiger Gesetzesurkunden so wie sonstiger juri­ stischer Schriftstücke der Römer, dem Werke De verborum significa- tione des gelehrten Grammatikers M. Verrius Flaccus zu verdanken haben, eines Zeitgenossen der Kaiser Augustus und Tiberius (1). Von die- serSchrift (2) ist das Fragment eines Auszuges, den der Grammatiker Festus Pompeius, wahrscheinlich im Laufe des vierten Jahrhunderts n. Chr., veranstaltet hat (3), in einer einzigen höchst lückenhaften Handschrift, auf unsere Zeit gekommen. Daneben besitzen wir die vollständige, sehr mangel­ haft redigirte, Ueberarbeitung derselben Epitome des Festus, welche einen christlichen Geistlichen Namens Pau lus, der vor der Mitte des achten Jahr­ hunderts lebte und von seinen Zeitgenossen als Glossator bezeichnet wird (4), zum Verfasser hat. (*) Die neueste Untersuchung über das Zeitalter desselben findet man in R. Merkel's Ausg. der Fastorum libb. VI. des Ovidius. Prolegom. p. XCIV. sqq. Beroi. 1841. 8. (2) Ueber die Zeit von deren Abfassung vergl. O. Mü II er's Ausgabe des F es tus. pag.XXIX. Lips 183p. 4. und Lachmann, in der Zeitschr. f. geschichtl. Rs. W. Bd. 11. S. 116. (3) J. C.
  • Seneca on Love

    Seneca on Love

    Seneca on Love Anna Lydia MOTTO University of South Florida [email protected] Recibido: 15 de enero de 2007 Aceptado: 7 de marzo de 2007 omnia vincit Amor: et nos cedamus Amori Vergil1 ABSTRACT Within Seneca’s prose, one detects a deep understanding of the true feeling and significance of love in its different aspects —love for one’s family, for one’s friends, for one’s spouse, for one’s fellow men, for one’s country. Seneca’s ability to depict this human passion so vividly stems from his own good fortune to have experienced this emotion to the fullest in his own life. His philosophical writings are replete with moving descriptions of the many varieties of love that so strongly touched his own heart. True love, Seneca maintains, is, in many ways, analogous to an ideal friendship: both arise from mutual, genuine affection. In both cases, Seneca offers a simple philtre for their acquisition and their retention: si vis amari, ama. No one is deserving of love who is incapable of bestowing it upon others. Love is an undiluted emotion conferred with magnanimity; it does not look to personal convenience; it remains steadfast and is not altered by the vicissitudes of time and fortune. Such unselfish love gives gaudium to one’s soul. Our Cordoban Philosopher embraced a humanitarianism, a cosmopolitanism, and a love that included all human beings —men and women, rich and poor, masters and slaves. Keywords: Love. Friendship. Humanitarianism. MOTTO, A.L., «Seneca on love», Cuad. fil. clás. Estud. lat., 27, 1 (2007) 79-86.
  • Ancient Legends of Roman History

    Ancient Legends of Roman History

    Dear Reader, This book was referenced in one of the 185 issues of 'The Builder' Magazine which was published between January 1915 and May 1930. To celebrate the centennial of this publication, the Pictoumasons website presents a complete set of indexed issues of the magazine. As far as the editor was able to, books which were suggested to the reader have been searched for on the internet and included in 'The Builder' library.' This is a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by one of several organizations as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. Wherever possible, the source and original scanner identification has been retained. Only blank pages have been removed and this header- page added. The original book has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books belong to the public and 'pictoumasons' makes no claim of ownership to any of the books in this library; we are merely their custodians. Often, marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in these files – a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Since you are reading this book now, you can probably also keep a copy of it on your computer, so we ask you to Keep it legal.
  • Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger)

    Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger)

    LUCIUS ANNAEUS SENECA (SENECA THE YOUNGER) “NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project Seneca the Younger HDT WHAT? INDEX SENECA THE YOUNGER SENECA THE YOUNGER 147 BCE August 4: On this date the comet that had passed by the sun on June 28th should have been closest to the earth, but we have no dated record of it being seen at this point. The only Western record of observation of this particular periodic comet is one that happens to come down to us by way of Seneca the Younger, of a bright reddish comet as big as the sun that had been seen after the death of the king of Syria, Demetrius, just a little while before the Greek Achaean war (which had begun in 146 BCE). ASTRONOMY HDT WHAT? INDEX SENECA THE YOUNGER SENECA THE YOUNGER 2 BCE At about this point Lucius Annaeus Seneca was born as the 2d son of a wealthy Roman family on the Iberian peninsula. The father, Seneca the Elder (circa 60BCE-37CE) had become famous as a teacher of rhetoric in Rome. An aunt would take the boy to Rome where he would be trained as an orator and educated in philosophy. In poor health, he would recuperate in the warmth of Egypt. SENECA THE YOUNGER HDT WHAT? INDEX SENECA THE YOUNGER SENECA THE YOUNGER 31 CE Lucius Aelius Sejanus was made a consul, and obtained the permission he has been requesting for a long time, to get married with Drusus’ widow Livilla.
  • D VANDEVOORDE.Indd

    D VANDEVOORDE.Indd

    Roman Citizenship of Italian *Augustales. Evidence, Problems, Competitive Advantages Lindsey VandeVoorde Ghent University Introduction* Although the first academic discussion of ‘the’augustales dates back to the mid-nineteenth century, (1) the difficulty of fully comprehending this socially ambivalent group – wealthy and prestigious but very often with a servile background – remains. Most scholars agree on the basics: the title augustalis (and all its local variants) was used during the first three centuries A.D., and refers to an honorary position in local society. It was mostly bestowed on wealthy freedmen who, because of their servile birth, could not partake in the official cursus honorum. Both the nomination itself and the bestowal of any further privileges or honours connected to it were done by the city council. Two elements, however, complicate the matter. Firstly, we know of over forty variants on the augustalis title. Duthoy introduced his asterisk (*) to cover the wide variety of titles: sevir, sevir augustalis, augustalis, magister augustalis, Herculaneus, quattuorvir, quinquevir, octovir, and so on. Secondly, at the same time, Duthoy’s asterisk amalgamates a tri-institutional reality consisting of annual officers, broader associations of former officers and co- opted members, and former officers who were not ‘incorporated’ as members of the association, but who could continue to bear the title honorifically. (2) Although a minimal definition of ‘the’ *augustalis is possible – Duthoy’s ‘*augustalis moyen’ (3) – *augustales have never formed a single unified * I am greatly indebted to J. Sargeant and N. King for their invaluable help with English spelling and phrasing. All errors of fact and interpretation are mine alone.
  • Disreputable Occupations in the Roman World

    Disreputable Occupations in the Roman World

    Criers, Impresarios, and Sextons: Disreputable Occupations in the Roman World Sarah E. Bond A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2011 Approved by: Richard J.A. Talbert, Advisor Brett Whalen, Reader James Rives, Reader Werner Riess, Reader Fred Naiden, Reader ©2011 Sarah E. Bond ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ! ""! ABSTRACT SARAH E. BOND: Criers, Impresarios, and Sextons: Disreputable Occupations in the Roman World (Under the direction of Richard J.A. Talbert.) Roman law stigmatized not only the individual but also the collective for dishonorable acts. Numerous professions incurred varying degrees of disrepute that carried legal and civic disabilities. Professionals in the sex and entertainment trades who incurred the legal stigma of infamia have been investigated by modern scholarship; yet, those people who worked in the disreputable occupations of praeco (crier), dissignator (event coordinator), libitinarius (funeral director), and in the mortuary trade have not been fully discussed in terms of either the reasons for their disrepute or their significance within social, economic, administrative, and religious networks. To counteract this void of literature, I analyze the status and role of these professionals from the Republic to Late Antiquity. Through this research, I show the origins of social perceptions of disrepute and their codification into legal statute in the first century BCE, and illustrate the creation of a marginal society that was placed outside the civic realm in Roman cities. I argue that these professionals were crucial negotiators between the civic and marginal society.