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Depositional and Structural History of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois

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Depositional and Structural History of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois 5 Depositional and structural history Illinois State GeoL6gical Survey. Guidebook Series 15 of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois Basin Part 1: Road log and descriptions of stops Edited by James E. Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher •jjSPr «%» V W&i/W: ' .' • '...: i ... '"**${ '-*£*$& l>~ s £0**«S. -m " 1st FIELD TRIP 9/Ninth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology < y K * i < WKKKKKTOfiO\ SPONSORS: Illinois StatesGeological Survey, fndiana Geologicalcal SutSurvey,vey, 1 » r *fJWV»>v4i*u Kentucky Geological Survey, and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale COVER PHOTOS Front: Camel Rock (far left) and associated sandstone pinnacles. Garden of the Gods Recreation Area, Shawnee National Forest, Saline County, Illinois. Sandstone is of fluvial origin. Cut-and-fill structures, extensive cross-bedding, and steeply dipping joints are conspicuous. (Pounds Sandstone Member, Caseyville Formation) Back: Circular, suboval, and irregular Liesegang banding. These iron-oxide- rich bands are believed to be the result of repeated uniform precipi- tation from colloidal suspension in porous and permeable sandstone. About one-third actual size. (Pounds Sandstone Member, Caseyville Formation) Depositional and structural history of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois Basin : Part 1 : Road Log and descriptions of stops / edited by James E. Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher. - Urbana : Illinois State Geological Survey, 1979. 116p. : ill. ;28cm. Field trip 9 / Ninth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology. Sponsored by Illinois State Geological Survey, Indiana Geological Survey, Kentucky Geological Survey, and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Includes bibliographies. 1. Geology-Illinois Basin-Congresses. 2. Geology, Stratigraphic-Pennsylvanian- Congresses. I. Palmer, James E. II. Dutcher, Russell R. III. International Congress on Carboniferous Stratigraphy, 9th, 1979. Field trip 9. Depositional and structural history of the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois Basin Part 1: Road log and descriptions of stops Edited by James E Palmer and Russell R. Dutcher FIELD TRIP 9/Ninth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology SPONSORS: Illinois State Geological Survey, Indiana Geological Survey, Kentucky Geological Survey, and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/depositionalstru15palm . CONTENTS Dedication Overnight stop, Henry Ward Inn, Kentucky Dam Village State Resort Park 52 List of authors VI Day 4. En route, Kentucky Dam Village Acknowledgments VII State Resort Park to Cave-in-Rock ferry 53 Introduction 1 Western KentuckyK Fluorspar District 55 Indiana portion of the field trip—summary 7 Illinois portioi 57 Organizational day. New Harmony, Indiana 8 (overnight stop) Day 4. Cave in Rock, Illinois, to Carbon- 58 Stopl. New Harmony, Indiana 8 dale, Illinois Stop 1 Hicks Dome and the Illinois- 61 Day 1. New Harmony, Indiana, to French Kentucky Fluorspar District Lick, Indiana 8 Stop 2A. Garden of the Gods Access Road 66 Stop 2. Peabody Coal Company, Lynnville Stop 2B. Garden of the Gods; overview of Mine Eby Pit 11 Eagle Valley Syncline; structural Stop 3. Abandoned General Refractories history of the Illinois Basin; deposi- Company conglomerate quarry 18 tional environments of the Caseyville Overnight stop, French Lick-Sheraton Hotel 21 Formation 68 Stop 3. Pounds Hollow Recreational Area Day 2. French Lick, Indiana, to Hawesville, (lunch) 70 Kentucky 21 Stop 4. Channel and sheet phases of the Anvil Rock Sandstone Member- Kentucky portion of the field trip—summary 27 Eagle Surface Mine 72 Stop 5. Shawneetown Fault Zone, north Day 2. Hawesville, Kentucky, to Rough limb of Eagle Valley Syncline 76 River State Resort Park 28 Stop 6. Will Scarlet Mine, Peabody Coal Stop 1 . Western Kentucky Parkway, Lower Company (optional stop) 78 Pennsylvanian paleoslump and Overnight stop. Holiday Inn, Carbondale, Pennsylvanian-Mississippian Illinois 82 boundary at an interfluvial (upland) locality 33 Day 5. South-central Illinois 82 Stop 2. Nolin Dam, the Brownsville paleo- Stop 7. Mississippian-Pennsylvanian Uncon- valley and the Pennsylvanian Kyrock formity, U.S. Route 51 84 Conglomerate in west-central Stop 8. Caseyville Formation (lower Penn- 84 Kentucky 35 sylvanian). Interstate 24 Overnight stop, Lodge, Rough River State Stop 9. Feme Clyffe State Park (lunch stop) 89 Resort Park 36 Stop 10. The Abbott and Caseyville Forma- tions (lower Pennsylvanian), Day 3. Rough River State Resort Park to Interstate 24 89 Kentucky Dam Village State Stop 11. Herrin (No. 6) Coal Member Resort Park 37 (Carbondale Formation) and Stop 3. Homestead Mine 38 associated strata at Delta Mine, Stop 4. Clear Run horst of Rough Creek AMAX Coal Company 91 Fault System-Green River Park- Overnight stop. Holiday Inn, Carbondale, way-Milepost 53 43 Illinois 95 Day 6. Carbondale, Illinois, to southwestern Illinois area 95 Stop 12. Channel fill and associated deposits of the Walshville channel and an anvil rock channel 96 Stop 13. View of Mississippi River floodplain and Fountain Bluff (optional stop) 102 Stop 14. Sedimentary features of the Casey- vi lie Formation, Kinkaid Lake Spillway 102 Stop 15. Upper Desmoinesian Strata, Burning Star No. 4 Mine 108 Stop 16. Reclamation practices, Captain Mine, Southwestern Illinois Coal Company 109 References 113 DEDICATION This volume in Pennsylvanian geology of the Illinois Basin is dedicated to the memory of four individuals who have made monumental contributions to the geology of the region but whose contributions and influence extended far beyond this area. David Dale Owen George Hall Ashley 1807- 1860 1856-1951 Gilbert H Cady Harold R. Wan/ess 1882- 1970 1892- 1970 LIST OF AUTHORS Please note that the individuals listed as trip leaders Survey; H.-F. Krausse and W. John Nelson, in this Guidebook are not necessarily the authors of Illinois State Geological Survey. the information for particular days. The following individuals authored the designated portions of the Day 4. Robert D. Trace and Preston McGrain, Ken- field trip. tucky Geological Survey. Indiana Illinois Day 1. Walter A. Hasenmueller, Henry H. Gray, Day 4. James E. Palmer and C. Brian Trask, Illinois and Donald D. Carr, Indiana Geological State Geological Survey, with contributions Survey. by James W. Baxter and Richard D. Harvey, Illinois State Geological Survey. Day 2. Walter A. Hasenmueller, Henry H. Gray, and Donald D. Carr, Indiana Geological Survey. Day 5. John T. Popp, Illinois State Geological Survey, with contributions by George H. Kentucky Fraunfelter, John E. Utgaard, and Charles F. Mansfield, Southern Illinois University. Day 2. Allen D. Williamson and Preston McGrain, Kentucky Geological Survey; Wayne A. Day 6. Russell J. Jacobson, Illinois State Geological Pryor and Paul E. Potter, University of Survey, with contributions by Stanley E. Cincinnati. Harris, Jr., John E. Utgaard, and Marc Deshowitz, Southern Illinois University, Day 3. Allen D. Williamson, Preston McGrain, and Carbondale. Howard R. Schwalb, Kentucky Geological ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The field trip was planned and organized by geolo- edged. gists of the Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky Geological The invited papers of Part 2 were contributed Surveys, and members of the Geology Department upon relatively brief notice by various researchers who faculty. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale. Most possess special knowledge of aspects of Illinois Basin planning activities and field trip arrangements were geology. The scientific quality and significance of the completed by the Field Trip Policy Committee, which guidebook has been greatly enhanced by the contribu- consists of the following members: Donald D. Carr, tions of these authors. Indiana Geological Survey; Russell R. Dutcher, South- Financial and technical support for the field trip ern Illinois University, Carbondale; Preston McGrain, was provided by the Illinois State Geological Survey, Kentucky Geological Survey; James E. Palmer, Illinois the Indiana Geological Survey, the Kentucky Geo- State Geological Survey; and Allen D. Williamson, Ken- logical Survey, and Southern Illinois University, Car- tucky Geological Survey. bondale. Many other details of the field trip were managed Special appreciation is extended to the Publica- by field trip and stop leaders, as identified within the tions Staff of the Illinois State Geological Survey. text of the guidebook. Their help is gratefully acknowl- IN%UCTION The Illinois Basin Coal Field has been studied by water deposition (Zangerl and Richardson, 1963) and geologists for more than 150 years. Due to long-term deep water deposition (Heckel, 1977) have been pro- and continuing studies of surface exposures and a large posed to explain the origin of these shales. The black amount of widely distributed subsurface data, the char- shale will be accessible for close exmination at several acter of strata of the Pennsylvanian System throughout outcrops, and various sedimentary features will be most of the area of the Illinois Basin is probably as well identified. known as any comparable area in the world. This field excursion will be devoted to examining Demonstration of broad lateral continuity of some natural and man-made exposures which provide infor- coals and other rock units in the Illinois Basin. Some mation on the depositional and structural history of coals, underclays, and limestones, although relatively
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