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Eastern Rock Lobster (Sagmariasus Verreauxi)

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Eastern Rock Lobster (Sagmariasus Verreauxi) I & I NSW WILD FISHERIES RESEARCH PROGRAM Eastern Rock Lobster (Sagmariasus verreauxi) EXPLOITATION STATUS FULLY FISHED Species has a long history of exploitation. The commercial fishery has been managed using Total Allowable Catch since the mid 1990s, is closely monitored, and catch rates and biomass have been increasing over the past decade. SCIENTIFIC NAME STANDARD NAME COMMENT Previously known as Jasus verreauxi (see Sagmariasus verreauxi Eastern rock lobster Booth and Webber, 2001) Sagmariasus verreauxi Image © Bernard Yau Background Records of commercial landings of eastern rock The eastern rock lobster (Sagmariasus verreauxi) lobsters are available from the late 1800s and comprises about 99% of commercial landings of reported annual landings ranged between rock lobsters in NSW. Landings can also include 93 t and 365 t from the early 1900s through small numbers of southern rock lobsters Jasus to the late 1970s. Estimates of total landings edwardsii, and two species of painted rock (including non-commercial and ‘unreported’ lobster (Panulirus longipes and catches) showed a significant decline in the P. ornatus). Eastern rock lobsters occur on rocky late 1980s. Concerns about the sustainability of reefs and sand/mud substrates at depths from the resource led to a restriction in the number a few metres to about 200 m, from southern of commercial fishers allowed to take lobsters, Queensland to Port MacDonnell in South the introduction of a maximum legal length, Australia, including around Tasmania. However, individually numbered management tags greatest abundances occur along the NSW and the implementation of a total allowable coast. The species also occurs in New Zealand. commercial catch (TACC) in the mid 1990s. The TACC, originally set at 106 t in 1994/95, The eastern rock lobster is reported to be the increased during the following years to largest species of rock lobster in the world 150 t by 2000/01, but was subsequently and can grow to weights in excess of 7 kg at a reduced to 102 t by 2005/06. The TACC was carapace length (CL) of about 25 cm. Lobsters in increased again in recent years and in 2009/10, NSW landings are between 10.4 cm (minimum the TACC was set at 131 t, managed as legal length) and 18 cm CL (maximum legal Individual Transferable Quotas amongst a total length) and weigh from 0.5 kg to 2.5 kg. Female of about 106 shareholders. eastern rock lobsters mature between 14 and 18 cm CL (16.7 cm CL on average) and mature Following the management changes in the lobsters occur in catches from the northern mid-1990s, a formal Share Management part of the species’ range (north of about Plan (SMP) for the fishery was established in Newcastle). 2000 and a Fishery Management Strategy (FMS) in 2007. These plans specify objectives, STATUS OF FISHERIES RESOURCES IN NSW, 2008/09 EASTERN ROCK LOBSTER | P 121 WILD FISHERIES RESEARCH PROGRAM performance indicators and trigger-points Additional Notes for the lobster stock and fishery. An annual resource assessment provides an assessment • A high value (approximately $60 per kg in of fishery performance and the status of the 2008/09) species caught along the length of lobster stock and informs the annual review the NSW coast, from close inshore to depths of the TACC. The fishery is closely monitored of 200 m. and supports several ongoing surveys and • The commercial fishery is managed by research projects including: (i) collection of TACC and is closely monitored, with annual fishery-dependent catch and effort data from assessment by the Total Allowable Catch the commercial fishery via a daily logbook; (ii) Committee. monitoring the annual settlement of pueruli • In 2007/08 and 2008/09 over 95% of TAC was (post-larval lobsters); (iii) a fishery-independent caught trap survey of the abundance of spawning stock; and (iv) an observer survey of the • There is a minimum legal size of 10.4 cm magnitude of retained and discarded catches carapace length (CL) and a maximum legal of lobsters and by-catch. A length-structured size of 18 cm CL for eastern rock lobsters in model of the lobster population and fishery NSW. Recreational fishers are subject to a bag incorporates biological data, information about limit of 2 rock lobsters (eastern and southern fishery selectivity and catch and abundance combined). data from the monitoring programs. Based on the most recent resource assessment Catch (March 2010), all performance indicators related to CPUE and stock abundance were above the Recreational Catch of Eastern Rock Lobster associated trigger-points. Patterns in CPUE and The annual recreational harvest of eastern rock estimates of stock biomass from the model lobster in NSW is likely to be less than demonstrate that the abundance of eastern 30 t. Estimated recreational landings of 25.8 t rock lobsters has been increasing since the low per annum are incorporated in the population point of the early 1990’s. Catch rates achieved model for eastern rock lobster (TAC Committee, during each of the last 2 years (2007/08 and 2010). 2008/09) were the greatest observed during the past 36 years. Indices of abundance of spawning stock (derived from the fishery- dependent logbook and fishery-independent Historical Landings of Eastern Rock Lobster survey) demonstrate substantial increases in biomass since the 1990’s. Abundance of 400 spawning stock in 2008 (the most recent survey) was the greatest observed during the 14 years of the data series. Based on the “base- 300 case scenario” of the length-structured model, spawning biomass at the commencement of 200 2009/10 was estimated to have increased to Landings (t) 26% of the pre-exploitation level, having more than doubled since 1994/95. 100 Significant numbers of eastern rock lobsters are captured by recreational fishers who are 0 48/49 58/59 68/69 78/79 88/89 98/99 08/09 allowed to use a single trap (pot) in waters less Calendar Year than 10 m depth, or to capture lobsters by hand while diving without the use of compressed Commercial landings (including available historical air. The high commercial value of rock lobsters records) of eastern rock lobster for NSW from 1939/40 to 2008/09 for all fishing methods. has led to concerns that there is a significant trade in ‘black market’ lobsters, despite the implementation of a number of initiatives to encourage compliance with the fishery regulations. P 122 | EASTERN ROCK LOBSTER WILD FISHERIES RESEARCH PROGRAM Catch Per Unit Effort Information of Eastern Rock Further Reading Lobster Harvested by Lobster Trapping in NSW Booth, J. and R. Webber (2001). All the pretty lobsters. Seafood New Zealand. 9 (11): 20-23. 1.0 Fisheries Management (Lobster Share Management Plan) Regulation 2000 (www.legislation.nsw.gov.au). 0.8 Liggins, G.W., M.E. Miller and M. Jackson (2010). 0.6 Resource Assessment - Lobster. Cronulla, Industry and Investment NSW. 0.4 Montgomery, S.S. (1992). Sizes at first maturity and Relative Catch Rate Relative at onset of breeding in female Jasus verreauxi 0.2 (Decapoda : Palinuridae) from New South Wales, Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43: 1373-79. 0.0 68/69 73/74 78/79 83/84 88/89 93/94 98/99 03/04 08/09 Montgomery, S.S. (1995). Patterns in landings and size Financial Year composition of Jasus verreauxi (H.Milne Edwards, Catch rates of eastern rock lobster harvested using 1851) (Decapoda, Palinuridae), in waters off New lobster trapping for NSW. Indicator provided is median South Wales, Australia. Crustaceana 68: 257-266. catch rate. Note that catch rates are not a robust indicator of abundance in many cases. Caution should be applied Montgomery, S.S. and P.A. Brett (1996). Tagging when interpreting these results. eastern rock lobsters Jasus verreauxi: Effectiveness of several types of tag. Fisheries Research 27 (4): 141-152. Montgomery, S.S. (1998). Relative abundance of Biomass Estimates of Eastern Rock Lobster the eastern rock lobster, Jasus verreauxi (H. Milne Edwards), University of Sydney. PhD Thesis. 7,000 Montgomery, S.S. and J.R. Craig (2005). Distribution 6,000 and abundance of recruits of the eastern rock lobster (Jasus verreauxi) along the coast of New 5,000 Total Biomass South Wales, Australia. New Zealand Journal of ) t ( 4,000 Marine and Freshwater Research 39 (3): 619-628. s s a m o Montgomery, S.S., G.W. Liggins, J.R. Craig and J.R. i 3,000 B McLeod (2009). Growth of the spiny lobster Jasus 2,000 verreauxi (Decapoda: Palinuridae) off the east coast Spaw ning Biomass of Australia. New Zealand Journal of Marine and 1,000 Freshwater Research 43 (1): 113-123. 25% virgin Spaw ning B 0 NSW DPI (2007). Fishery Management Strategy for the 20/21 40/41 60/61 80/81 00/01 NSW Lobster Fishery. Cronulla, NSW Department of Year Primary Industries.104 pp. Median estimates of total biomass and spawning Phillips, B.F., R. Melville-Smith, A. Linnane, C. Gardner, biomass from 1920/21 to 2008/09 (“base-case scenario” of the length-structured model). Dashed line indicates T.I. Walker and G.W. Liggins (in press). Are the spiny 25% virgin spawning biomass, the reference point above lobster fisheries in Australia Sustainable?Journal of which spawning biomass is to be maintained. Marine Association of India TAC Committee. (2010). Total Allowable Catch Committee Report and Determination for 2010/11 - Rock Lobster Fishery. Cronulla, Industry and Investment NSW. Please visit the CSIRO website, http://www.marine.csiro.au/caab/ and search for the species code (CAAB) 28 820002, common name or scientific name to find further information. © State of New South Wales through Industry and Investment NSW 2010. You may copy, distribute and otherwise freely deal with this publication for any purpose, provided that you attribute Industry and Investment NSW as the owner.
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