Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
ABSTRACTS
2 Title APPLICATIONS OF SATELLITE EARTH OBSERVATION DATA TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE MONITORING IN EGYPT Mohammed Shokr Author Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada, Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT The wide variety and large volume of satellite Earth Observation (EO) data can be utilized to address a broad range of applications and achieve more effective sustainable development in Egypt. A need to broaden the utilization of the data and advance the understanding of their potential and limitations has been identified by the EO community in Egypt. In addition, the data from newly launched EgyptSat‐1 should be used in synergy with data from other satellites. Towards these goals, this paper will provide details on how to expand the utilization of EO data: from visual interpretation of satellite images to digital image analysis (both have already been undertaken by different groups of users in Egypt), then using algorithms to retrieve geophysical parameters from the data and finally using the data in geophysical models (climate, hydrology, weather, pollutant transfer, etc.). The GIS applications are connected to the first three items. Focus will be placed on most relevant applications for Egypt; namely air pollution, desertification, water resources management and griculture inventory. A proposal to elevate the use EgyptSat‐1 observations in synergy with other satellite observations will be presented. Directions for research and modern applications of EO data will also be suggested. Integration of remote sensing with geophysical models for hydrology, climate, pollutants transfer through data assimilation approach will be addressed briefly. The paper is intended to provide a review on EO applications that may advance the utilization of the data in the development and improvement of living conditions in Egypt.
Biography Mohammed Shokr received his Ph.D. in 1980 from the Aerospace Engineering Department, Cairo University ; After 2 years working as a Post‐Doctoral fellow at the Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Toronto , he joined Environment Canada (the federal department of the Environment) as a Research Scientist in 1982. He switched his research studies to the field of sea ice and cold region environment in 1989. Throughout his work he developed expertise in remote sensing applications; particularly of sea ice to support the Canadian operational ice monitoring program. His research is mainly in the filed of earth surface parameters retrieval from satellite remote sensing observations. He also participated in several field campaigns in the Arctic to study sea ice. Dr. Shokr is also interested in remote sensing applications in the Middle East region. During the past 10 years, he has been collaborating with NARSS and other regional organizations. He is also an adjunct professor at NARSS.
1 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
3 Title COMBINING HETEROGENEOUS DATA FOR IMPROVED IDENTIFICATION & SUSTAINABLE MITIGATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE VECTOR HABITAT AND OF ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITY TO WATERBORNE & AIRBORNE DISEASES
Authors Gilbert L. Rochon1, Eman Ahmed Hassan El‐Sayed2, Elif Sertel3, Ramanathan Sugumaran4, Larry Biehl1, Chris Johannsen5, Magdy Abdel Wahab6, Gamal Salah El Afandi7, Moohamed Tawfik Ahmed8, Gülay Altay9, Okan Ersoy10, Wonkook Kim1, Bereket Araya1, Bertin Hilaire Mbongo1 and Mohammed Shokr11 Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The authors present the utility of combining data from multiple earth observing satellites, with complimentary spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions, together with landuse data, a digital elevation model and population data, for mitigation of selected vector‐borne diseases. The experience with respect to identification of disease vector habitat, utilizing remote sensing, is examined. The implications of data integration methods, in facilitating sustainable vector habitat mitigation, are presented. Moreover, the potential applicability of spatial database development to enable vulnerability assessment, not only for vector‐borne diseases, but also fo water‐borne and air‐borne disease prevalence, is demonstrated within the context of the Nile River Delta and riparian ecosystem.
Biography Gilbert Rochon, Ph.D., MPH is the Associate Vice President for Collaborative Research and Engagement‐ITaP & Director of the Purdue Terrestrial Observatory at Purdue University, W. Lafayette, Indiana, USA. He has courtesy faculty appointments in Purdue’s Depts. of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Agronomy and Agricultural & Biological Engineering. Dr. Gilbert Rochon received the Ph.D. in Urban & Regional Planning from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), concentrating in International Development & Regional Planning and in Planning Support Systems, the Master of Public Health (MPH) degree from Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, in Health Services Administration and the Bachelors degree from Xavier University of Louisiana. He is a member of GRSS, ASPRS, AARSE, eGY‐Africa and Senior Member of IEEE. Dr. Rochon held prior appointments with NASA, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USDA Forest Service and with the Naval Oceanographic Office. He is also Editor of the Journal of Terrestrial Observation and Assoc. Editor for SPIE’s International Journal of applied Remote Sensing.
2 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
4 Title UTILIZING EARTH OBSERVATIONS FOR SOCIETAL ISSUES AUTHORS Shahid Habib NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Over the last four decades tremendous progress has been made in the Earth science space‐based remote sensing observations, technologies and algorithms. Such advancements have improved the predictability by providing lead‐time and accuracy of forecast in weather, climate, natural hazards, and natural resources. It has further reduced or bounded the overall uncertainties by partially improving our understanding of planet Earth as an integrated system that is governed by non‐ linear and chaotic behavior. Many countries such as the US, European Community, Japan, China, Russia, India has and others have invested billions of dollars in developing and launching space‐based assets in the low earth (LEO) and geostationary (GEO) orbits. However, the wealth of this scientific knowledge that has potential of extracting monumental socio‐economic benefits from such large investments have been slow in reaching the public and decision makers. For instance, there are a number of areas such as water resources and availability, energy forecasting, aviation safety, agricultural competitiveness, disaster management, air quality and public health, which can directly take advantage. Nevertheless, we all live in a global economy that depends on access to the best available Earth Science information for all inhabitants of this planet. This presentation discusses a process to transition Earth science data and products for societal needs including NASA’s experience in achieving such objectives. It is important to mention that there are many challenges and issues that pertain to a number of areas such as: (1) difficulties in making a speedy transition of data and information from observations and models to relevant Decision Support Systems (DSS) or tools, (2) data and models inter‐operability issues, (3) limitations of spatial, spectral and temporal resolution, (4) communication limitations as dictated by the availability of image processing and data compression techniques. Additionally, the most critical element amongst all is the organizational and management boundaries that must be resolved at local, state, national and international levels to implement and realize free flow of such vital information.
Biography Shahid Habib is currently the Chief of Office of Applied Sciences in the Science and Exploration Directorate at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. He is responsible for transitioning science data and products to operational end users for societal benefits. He has extensive experience both in sciences and space missions. He has managed several Earth Science missions and is very experienced in international projects. He has led two joint US‐Russia Earth Science Missions i.e. SAGE and TOMS dealing with ozone and aerosol measurements. He also was a program manager for several other Earth Science missions including EO‐1, AURA, and SAC‐C. In 2002, he served as the acting Deputy
3 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Director of the Earth Science Research Division at NASA headquarters. He was involved in the development of the long‐term research strategy, roadmaps, requirements, and Climate Change Initiative Plans. His specific expertise includes: program management, nonlinear dynamics controls and modeling, neural networks, remote sensing techniques and products, instruments, systems engineering and integration, international mission management, and risk assessment. In his earlier career with NASA, he served on the Space Station design team in the area of test and verification for astronaut habitation systems. More recently, he is involved in several projects addressing water balance studies in the Middle East North Africa region, flood forecasting in East Africa, Himalayan glacier melt impact on stream flow, and Gulf of Mexico hypoxia impact using NASA’s remote sensing data products and models. Dr. Habib has authored many papers and given presentations on the use of NASA research products for solving societal issues. He was awarded NASA’s Exceptional Achievement Medal, and Outstanding Leadership Medal for his contributions to NASA. He was also awarded the Yuri Gagarin Medal of Honor for his joint NASA and Federal Space Agency of Russia collaboration. Dr. Habib holds a doctorate in Electrical Engineering with emphases in nonlinear control systems, and is also a registered professional engineer.
5 Title TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF PAYLOAD OF EGYPTSAT‐1, SOME VERIFICATION RESULTS, AND NEW GENERATION TECHNICAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND PRELIMINARY DESIGN RESULTS
AUTHORS A.M. ELMAHDY*, Ayman MAHMOUD*, Mostafa KHEDR*, Shiha MAHFOZ* NARSS, Payload group, Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT Design aspects and specifications of Egyptsat‐1 payload were selected very thoroughly. The commissioning and verification activities proved reliable system even in the presence of some elaboration difficulties. Technical aspects of the design of the payload of Egyptsat‐1 satellite are highlighted. Then a new design of a next generation payload based on the experience of the Egyptsat‐1 payload is described. The optical system to be produced is a 2.5m ground resolution multi‐ band camera. The optical system is designed and selected to be Cata‐dioptric Cassegrainian system. Its entrance pupil diameter and focal length are 250, and 1742mm respectively, for the use in 670Km altitude orbit. The sensors are 6.5x6.5 μm2 and the analog processing with variable programmable gain. The pipelining processor is done on FPGA chips. It corrects the PRNU, optical aberrations specially the nonlinearity occurring due to vignetting. The stream of image data is transferred to a controller system which generates synchronization waveforms to drive the sensors, compress, pack, and store data. A new capacity is proposed and larger data rate will be considered
4 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Biography
6 Title QUARRY BLASTS ASSESSMENT AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE NEARBY OIL PIPELINES, SOUTH EAST HELWAN, EGYPT
Authors Adel M.E. Mohamed; Abuo El‐Ela A. Mohamed and Sherif M. El‐Hady Seismology Department, the National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Email: Geotec_04@ Yahoo.com
ABSTRACT Ground vibrations induced by blasting in the cement quarries are one of the fundamental problems in the quarrying industry and may cause severe damage to nearby structures and pipelines. Therefore, a vibration control study plays an important role in the minimization of environmental effects of blasting in quarries. This research paper presents the results of ground vibration measurement induced by blasting at the National Cement Company (NCC) south east of Helwan, Egypt. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the quarry blasts on the oil pipelines of Sumid Company. The seismic refraction either for P‐waves and surface waves (MASW) are used to evaluate the closest site of the two pipelines to the quarry blasts. The results demonstrate that the pipelines site are of class B according to the International Building Code (IBC) and the safe distance is 770 m follow the deduced Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) distance relationship (PPV=11054×D‐1.1261) in mm/s and the Air Blast formula (Air Blast=133.39‐0.0194D) in dB. In the light of the prediction analysis, the maximum charge weight per delay was found to be ≤ 2000 kg.
Dr. Adel Mohamed El‐Shahat Mohamed was born on 14/04/1964 in Cairo, Egypt. He got his Ph.D. Biography in Geophysics (Seismology) Ain Shams University, 2003. Dr. Adel is currently Associate Professor of Seismology (seismic hazard and earthquake engineering), Seismology department, The National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), Ministry of Scientific Research. His field of interest is seismology, seismic hazard, seismic, geotechnical and geo‐environmental trends. His publications are more than 25 in international journals and conferences; he supervised around 6 M.Sc. and Ph.D. students in his area of interest. Dr. Adel shared in more than thirty strategic projects in the fields of seismic activity, seismic hazard assessment, geotechnical, geo‐ environmental and earthquake engineering.
5 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
7 Title THE MEDITERRANEAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL NETWORK ‐ A CYBER INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND SITE PRESERVATION PLANNING Stephen H. Savage Authors Geo‐Archaeological Information Applications (GAIA) Lab, Archaeological Research Institute, School of Human Evolution & Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287‐2402 USA ,
Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Mediterranean Archaeological Network (MedArchNet) is envisioned as a series of linked archaeological information nodes, each of which contains a regional database of archaeological sites that share a common database structure in order to facilitate rapid query and information retrieval and display within and across nodes in the network. Web‐based attribute and spatial query applications are powered by open‐source software and Google Maps/Google Earth mapping engines. These applications support scholarly research and preservation of archaeological sites; the tools assist in the development planning process, through pinpointing and then avoiding sensitive sites that are in areas of adverse impact, thus reducing overall project costs and helping identify and preserve archaeological sites. MedArchNet, at http://medarchnet.org, currently contains two active nodes: 1) the Digital Archaeological Atlas of the Holy Land (DAAHL) at http://daahl.ucsd.edu and the Aegean Digital Archaeological Atlas (ADAA) at http://adaa.ucsd.edu. The data nodes are developed by the GAIA lab, and served from Calit2 at UCSD. The cyberinfrastructure needed to support data collection and representation, information integration and display for the rich media collections represented by such a network of archaeological data have been developed so that they are extensible to other locations and other archaeological efforts, such as Egypt. The MedArchNet project actively cooperates with research organizations and government agencies to develop new data nodes and applications. Each of out current nodes has received significant sponsorship. The Digital Archaeological Atlas of the Holy Land (DAAHL) is a sponsored project of the American Schools of Oriental Research. The Aegean Digital Archaeological Atlas (ADAA) is a joint effort of the National Archive of Monuments of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and the Institute for Aegean Prehistory. As MedArchNet develops additional data nodes, we look forward to expanding our cooperative efforts with additional data donors, research organizations and government agencias.
Stephen H. Savage has worked in the Near East for more than 30 years, including fieldwork in Egypt Biography (Hierakonpolis, Hiw/Semaineh), Jordan (Madaba and the Madaba Plain), and Israel (Tell Jemmeh). He received his Ph.D. from Arizona State University (ASU) in 1995, where his dissertation involved a complex mortuary analysis of a Predynastic Egyptian cemetery at Naga‐ed‐Dêr. He is an Affiliated
6 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Professor in the School of Human Evolution & Social Change at ASU, IT Manager for the Archaeological Research Institute, and Director of the Geo‐Archaeological Information Applications Lab, developing large‐scale archaeological and GIS database applications for a variety of platforms. Since 2000 he has directed the Moab Archaeological Resource Survey in Jordan. His research interests include early complex societies in the Near East and North Africa, the Levantine Bronze Age, Predynastic and Archaic Egypt, mortuary analysis, spatial analysis, GIS and remote sensing, database development and design. He has published in American Antiquity, the Journal of Archaeological Science, the Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, the Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, Radiocarbon, the Journal of Archaeological Research, the Journal of Anthropological Archaeology and the Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan. He has been a computer Systems Analyst and the GIS Network Administrator for the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, and has done GIS modeling for more than 20 years. His recent efforts have centered on the development of the data nodes for the Mediterranean Archaeological Network; he is the designer of the MedArchNet database structure and the author of all the MedArchNet data nodes. He has authored several web sites that are listed in the Google Earth API Demo Gallery, and his applications have been featured in the Google Student Education Blog.
10 Title THE PLACE OF EARTH OBSERVATION IN FOREST RESTORATION: THE CASE OF MAU FOREST, KENYA Erick Khamala, Authors Remote Sensing Officer, Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD), P.O Box 632 – 00618, Nairobi, Kenya
Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Earth Observation (EO) is increasingly being mainstreamed by African Governments to assess, plan, monitor and manage natural resources. As efforts get to top gear to undo deforestation and forest degradation, and as Africa begins to position itself to benefit from income earned through the sale of carbon credits through the Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) financing mechanism, (a mechanism hotly debated in the recently concluded UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen), EO and geo‐information technologies will be critical vehicles that will deliver the desired successful results. The Mau Forest Complex, a montane forest, is the largest of the five water towers in Kenya. It forms the upper catchment of all, except one of the major rivers on the west of the rift valley. The rivers act as arteries carrying the Mau’s waters throughout western Kenya – from Lake Turkana in the north to Lake Natron in the south as well as to Kenya’s most populous rural areas in the Lake Victoria basin (UNEP, 2009). Like other indigenous forests in the region, the Mau Forest offers various ecosystem values. These include: trapping and storing rain water; regulating river flows and preventing flooding; helping recharge of ground‐water tables; improving soil fertility; reducing soil erosion and sediment loads in rivers; helping regulate local climate conditions; and acting as a carbon reservoir and sink. Despite its unquestionable importance, the Mau has suffered
7 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
massive deforestation and degradation over the last 40 years, the intensity of destruction only increasing over time. Negative consequences of this destruction that have been witnessed in recent times have led the Government of Kenya to embark on restoring the forest, despite the highly charged political sensitivities surrounding the Forest. This paper presents a study that utilized EO and geo‐information technologies to provide strategic approaches for the Government of Kenya to use in restoring the Mau Forest. Using Landsat satellite images and GIS technologies, the study unveiled three strategic options that the Government of Kenya could incorporate in the restoration process. These were: reversing back the path; using elevation as criteria; and using proximity to current standing forest as basis. The study further provided vital information for planning the restoration process. This information included identification of target areas for re‐forestation, estimation of the number of tree seedlings to be replanted, and derivation of a financial budget for the restoration process.
Biography Erick Siminyu Khamala works at the Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD) as a Remote Sensing Officer overseeing the institution’s Remote Sensing Section. He has vast experience in the use of modern Remote Sensing, GIS, and GPS technologies for environmental monitoring and management, urban planning, and in early warning systems for food security and disaster management. He holds a Bachelor of Education Degree (Geography) from Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya and has attended various Remote Sensing and GIS courses at leading institutions that include: United States Geological Survey, Eros Data Centre (USGS‐EDC), USA; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), USA; European Space Agency (ESA‐ESRIN), Italy; and the Satellite Application Centre (SAC), South Africa. He has published various papers in the use of Remote Sensing and GIS in natural resources management, environmental planning and monitoring, urban planning and management, agricultural monitoring, and in early warning systems for food security & disaster management.
8 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
11 Title LAND USE MAPPING FOR PATH SELECTION OF STRATEGIC ROAD USING EGYPTSAT‐1 IMAGERY
Authors El‐Sayed Hermas and Islam Abou El‐Magd
The National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The Egyptian government plans for establishing a set of free ways to relieve the traffic congestion and support the development projects in and around the Nile Delta. For example, the project of this research, the proposed path between Ashmoun city and Cairo‐Alexandria desert road. Establishing these corridors requires an up‐to‐date land use and land cover maps to determine the various constraints for selecting the most suitable path. On top of these constraints are the residential areas, the industrial areas as well as the linear features such as the irrigation networks, the road networks, and the utility networks. The key constraints is that the proposed path must be away from the residential areas, the industrial areas and to minimize the intersections for engineering construction with wide irrigation channels (i.e. wider than 25 meter) and both highways and railways. Unfortunately, there is no an official up‐to‐date land use and land cover map with appropriate scale for this particular area. Therefore, using Egyptsat‐1 satellite is a potential source of information to generate and update such maps at the appropriate scale. The availability of EgyptSat‐1 satellite imagery together with other source of information helped the research team to define and map the various landuse elements in the northwest region of the Six October Governorate for the purpose of determining alternative scenarios of the proposed free way between Asmoun City (El‐Monofia Governorate) and Cairo‐Alexandria Desert Road. All the details of these maps, techniques and scenarios are fully discussed in this paper.
Dr. El‐Sayed Hermas is a research scientist at the Division of Geologic Applications and Minerals Biography resources, the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences. Dr. Hermas has over 15 years experience in the application of remote sensing and GIS in academia, research and consultancy. Dr. Hermas is studying the dynamic of Earth surface processes. Dr. Abou El‐Magd had obtained his PhD in geomorphology for the College of Geosciences, Texas A&M University, and College Station, Texas in 2005. His PhD research topic was studying the connectivity potential between landscape geomorphic systems using remote sensing and GIS. Dr. Hermas focuses on developing R&D projects on the detection and measurements of crustal deformation associated with earthquakes using SAR interferometry techniques. Dr. Hermas had supervised many national contracted projects that are significant the decision makers such as the master planning of the regional ring road.
12A Title PROVIDING VOLUNTEER GIS ASSISTANCE IN DISASTER RESPONSE AND HUMANITARIAN RELIEF MISSIONS
9 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Authors Shoreh Elhami GISP, GIS Director, Delaware County Auditor’s GIS Office , Co‐Founder, URISA’s GISCorps, Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The presenter will discuss GISCorps; an Urban and Regional Information Systems Association (URISA) program that coordinates the deployment of volunteers to communities in need around the world. GISCorps was endorsed as a program by the URISA’s Board of Directors in October 2003 and since then has attracted hundreds of volunteers from 74 countries worldwide. To date, over 138 GISCorps volunteers have served in 52 on‐site or remotes missions in 28 countries. These volunteers provide their assistance remotely or on‐site and have been involved in a variety of disaster response, humanitarian relief, sustainable development, and capacity building.
Biography Shoreh Elhami has over 20 years of professional GIS experience and runs Delaware County’s GIS system in central Ohio. Under her direction, the division has received numerous awards at the local, state and national level. She is also a co‐founder of GISCorps, a URISA program that coordinates the deployment of volunteers to communities in need around the world. She has served on numerous Boards and committees including URISA Board of Directors, National Research Council’s Mapping Science Committee, Committee on Land Parcel Databases, and several Census advisory committees. She also taught GIS for 10 years at the Ohio State University
12B Title EFFECTIVE USE OF GIS IN A US‐BASED LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors Shoreh Elhami GISP, GIS Director, Delaware County Auditor’s GIS Office , Co‐Founder, URISA’s GISCorps, Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The presenter will share Delaware County, Ohio’s successful use of GIS technology in various applications with an emphasis on cadastral mapping (property ownership), planning and economic development, utility mapping, disaster response, address management, geo‐oding and census related projects.
10 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
13 Title AN EFFICIENT THEORETICAL TECHNIQUE TO PREDICT FATIGUE FAILURE IN SATELLITE STRUCTURE BEFORE QUALIFICATION TESTING A.M. Elhady, Dalia N. Ahmed, Somaia T. Ahmed, and Karim A. Abd Elrazik., Authors Head of Spacecraft Testing and Quality Sector, Structure Design Engineer, National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space Science NARSS, Cairo, Egypt., Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The present work describes the theoretical and experimental design analysis carried out on Egyptsat‐1 satellite structure. The design analysis here supports the qualification process and aims to ensure the satellite structure that can survive and perform its function safely throughout the overall satellite mission life. Egyptsat‐1 satellite structure is constructed as a non‐hermetic box of 740x740x722 mm dimension. The satellite main structure includes a stack of frame modules fastened with 6‐pins between upper and bottom plates. The frame modules are 380x326 mm in section and its sides are fixed at an angle of 45° to the sides of the upper and bottom plates. Theoretical analysis is conducted by means of the finite element method for static and dynamic cases. The calculated g RMS values for the static analysis are applied in each axis of the satellite structure assembly. The dynamic case the model is used to determine the mode shapes and resonance frequencies. The stress values are calculated for the applied static and dynamic load cases as well as the fatigue analysis. The results are compared with the materials allowable stress values showing acceptable safety margins. The decision taken after the execution of this theoretical design analysis stage is to proceed to the next experimental qualification testing stage. While conducting experimental qualification tests unexpected cracks were detected in some satellite structure elements. The visual analysis of the cracks print shows failure due to fatigue. This work aims to investigate a theoretical analysis technique to predict failure as early as possible before going to the experimental qualification tests.
Biography A. M. Elhady is a satellite designer and certifier. He finished his B.Sc. M.SC and Ph. D at Zagazig University. He has trained for five years on satellite design and certification at Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Ukraine. He is the head of testing and quality sector at Egyptian Space program. Also, the head of satellite structure design, satellite thermal control design, and space environment Division, at Egyptian Space Program. His research areas are structure dynamics, spacecraft thermal control design, thermal induced vibration, computational mechanics, satellite mission analysis and mission design, and tethered satellite system dynamics.
11 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
14 Title PERFORMANCE OF INTRINSIC VEGETATION INDICES FROM EGYPTSAT‐1 SATELLITE
Authors Islam Abou El‐Magdi, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The use of intrinsic vegetation indices of remote sensing data in vegetation applications has been long recognized. This has been well‐known and applied using the common optical satellite sensors such as Landsat and SPOT. This study analyzed the performance of the several intrinsic‐based vegetation indices such as; simple ratio Vegetation Index (VI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Transformed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (TNDVI), Weighted Difference Vegetation Index (WDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (TSAVI) and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) for agricultural applications using Egyptsat‐1 satellite sensors. The difference in the optical width of the electromagnetic channels between Egyptsat‐1 satellite and other sensors such as Landsat and SPOT made some differences in the results of these indices. The performance of the above vegetation indices was analyzed in an accuracy comparative assessment matrix. The variability of the results in these vegetation indices were ranged from 69% to 80% with SPOT images and from 71% to 82% with Landsat images. The results also revealed that the SAVI was better performance discriminating the soil line between vegetation, soil and wet soil classes with an accuracy of 80%. This might be due to the difference in the spectrum range of the red channel in Egyptsat‐1 rather than other sensors. An initiative of integrating the wide spectral panchromatic channel with the multispectral channels due to the similarity in spatial resolution; this has improved the simple vegetation index and improved the discrimination between the vegetated land and other non‐vegetated land particularly urbanized areas. The result of these indices and the comparison with other sensors is fully discussed in this paper.
Biography Islam Abou El‐Magd is an Assistant Professor working for the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences in the Environmental Studies Department. Dr. Abou El‐Magd has just over 20 years experience in the application of remote sensing and GIS in academia, research and consultancy. His area of interest is remote sensing applications and modelling in Environmental Management and Water resources management. Dr. Abou El‐Magd has obtained his PhD from the school of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK on the application of GIS and remote sensing in irrigation water management. He is also a Chartered Scientist from the Council of Science, UK and Chartered Environmentalist from the Council of Environment, UK. Dr. Abou El‐Magd is also a member of the Royal Geographical Society, UK. Dr. Abou El‐Magd has worked for four years as a project coordinator in a big institution in UK paying considerable attention to Environmental related Issues and EU Water Framework Directive. Dr. Abou El‐Magd has wide network since he worked as a consultant for FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), UN and the Centre of Environment and Development for Arab Region and Europe (CEDARE), Arab League & UN.
12 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
15 Title RICE CROP MONITORING IN EGYPTIAN NILE DELTA USING EGYPTSAT‐1 DATA
Authors S.Arafat, A.Afify, M.Aboelghar, A.Belal, N.Afify, A.Saleh, M.Shirbeny, M.Younes, A. Masoud and I.Farag, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, email:
ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to monitor the main economical crops in Egypt and to apply remote sensing data as specified by EgyptSat‐1. The integrated dataset can be used for predicting the crop productivity to serve the soil and water management. The mosaic of EgyptSat‐1 was projected on the region of Nile delta. This mosaic was characterized by the band combination of green, red and near infrared. Rice area was assessed through the supervised classification based on the spectral signature of NDVI as well as to be controlled by visual assessmant that is based on the local reference level of the experienced interpreters. The masked image out of roads, canals and fish ponds was classified for the annual, perennial crops and urban. Then, the annual crops were sub‐divided into rice and others. The result indicated that the total rice area was 1550769 feddan (651323 Hectare). This area coverage indicated that the cropped land with rice was managed for over cultivation more than the assigned and documented area by the proper plan for rice cultivation. This over cultivated area was assessed as 488771 feddan (205284 Hectare) (46% from the total rice area). The research approach and initial results are escribed in detail. Biography Prof. Sayed Arafat was born on 8/01/1954, in Cairo, Egypt. He got his Ph.D. in soils sciences, Leningrad Agric. Ins. USSR.., 1989. He is currently Professor of soils and Head of Agricultural Applications, Soils and Marine Division National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Ministry of Scientific Research. His field of interest is soil sciences and remote sensing applications in agriculture. He has published more than 40 publications in international journals and conferences; he supervised around 8 M.S. and Ph.D. students in his area of interest. Prof Arafat has headed several national as well as international joint projects during his career. Prof Sayed is a Vice President of African Association of Remote Sensing and Environment (for North Africa – 2006‐2010). He was Secretary General of 6th International Conference on Earth Observation & Geoinformation Sciences in Support of Africa’s Development, , 30 October – 2 November, 2006 Cairo, Egypt and Secretary General of 3rd International Symposium on Sustainable Agro‐Environmental Systems: New Technologies and Applications, 26‐29 October 2002, Cairo, Egypt.
Biography Mohamed Aboelghar was born on 29 September 1974 in El‐Guiza, Egypt. After graduation from Faculty of Agriculture in 1995, he worked as an Assistant Researcher in the Egyptian National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS) until 2001. During that time, He obtained his Master’s from Menoufiya University, Egypt in Applications of Remote Sensing in Agriculture in 1998. In 2001, he enrolled as a PhD student in Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Japan, where he graduated with a PhD in Remote Sensing, in March 2005. From 2005 to 2008, he worked in the Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University, as a Specially Appointed Academic Staff. Since June 2008, he has been working in (NARSS) as a
13 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Researcher. During this period from 1995 to 2008, Dr. Aboelghar joined many research projects organized and managed by (NARSS), (CEReS) and Japanese Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) in remote sensing agricultural applications such as yield prediction modeling, crop monitoring, crop survey, pre‐visual diagnosis of plant diseases as well as local, regional and global land cover mapping and change detection projects. He has many publications and joined many International conferences, in addition, he was the instructor for many remote sensing training courses, which were organized by (NARSS) and (CEReS).
16 Title PHYSIOGRAPHIC SOIL MAP DELINEATION FOR THE NILE ALLUVIUM AND DESERT OUTSKIRTS IN THE MIDDLE NORTH OF EGYPT USING REMOTE SENSING DATA OF EGYPTSAT‐1 Afify A. Afify*, Sayed S. Arafat# and Magdy H. Khader* Authors *Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Egypt, #National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt,
email: [email protected]
Abstract The objectives of this study are to produce physiographic soil map with correlated attributes to be a base for extra modifiers within the land information system. This integrated data will serve the purposes of land use planning, precision farming practices and to be applied in other areas using the extrapolation approach. The Satellite data of EgyptSat‐1 were projected on the Middle North of Egypt's Land as a representative area with unique physiographic features. This area covers about 142500 hectares (339150 feddans) over portions of Beni Suef, El Fayoum, Helwan, and October Provinces. The spectral signatures of the land patterns were delineated by the visual interpretation using the physiographic approach, while soil taxa were categorized according to the key of Soil Taxonomy (USDA, 2006), resulting in two landscape categories. The first category includes older and developed parent materials, covering the following units: a) Pediplains of residual soils over limestone parent rock, have soils of Lithic Haplocalcids, loamy skeletal. b) Terraced old alluvial plains represent the formerly deposited alluvium that preceded the recent one of the River Nile alluvium. This old alluvium includes soils of Typic Calcigypsids, loamy skeletal and Typic Haplocalids, loamy skeletal. c) Reworked old terraced alluvial plain have the same origin of the terraced old alluvial plain but are currently managed under cultivation. The soils are dominated by Typic Haplocalcids,loamy skeletal .d) Wadis that were shaped by the paleodrainage erosion are currently subjected to the seasonal flash flooding under the arid climate. These wadis are sparsely vegetated including soils of Typic Torrifluvents, lamy skeletal, (calcareous); Typic Torriorthents, sandy skeletal. (Calcareous) and Typic Torriorthents, sandy. c) Aeolian plain that is partly cultivated includes soils of Typic Torripsamments (calcareous). The second category is a recent River Nile alluvium that formed the following units:
14 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
a) Terraced recent alluvial plain (cultivated) includes soils of Entic Calcitorrerts, fine and Typic Haplotorrerts fine. b) Recent flat alluvial plain includes soils of Typic Haplotorrerts, fine c) Mmeandering belt is aligning the River Nile course with courser sediments comparing to the recent alluvial plains. This belt is sub divided as levees that have soils of Typic Torriorthents, fine lomy; point bars with soils of Typic Torriorthents, coarse lomy; river banks with soils of Typic Torriorthents, coarse lomy; meander scars with soils of Typic Torriorthents, sandy and bow bars with Typic Torriorthents, sandy and Typic Torriorthents, coarse loamy. All these taxonomic classes are hyperthermic, being developed under the hyperthermic temperature regime within an aridic moisture regime.
Biography Dr. Afify Abbas Afify is currently a Chief of Research in Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), Agriculture Research Centre, Egypt. Part time of his scientific and technical activities is being managed for the Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo Egypt and also for the Decumentation and Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. He is a member of the technical committe for land use sustinabiliy in Egypt. His conceptual approach that related to his technical work is to optimize land resources management in Egypt for protecting the cultivated area from the informal encroachment and to form a formal life in new promising areas to be cultivated for the demographic movement from the areas of informal life. Dr Afify shared with different international teams for land evaluation and land cover mapping, using the remote sensing data in Egypt and some other countries. He has a number of technical publications, which based on remote sensing data and GIS in the field of physiographic‐soil identification; land cover and land use planning; Monitoring the impact of informal urban encroachment over the Nile Alluvium under the urban encroachment; the identification of extra new promising areas for the agriculture development for hosting a new formal life. He always use his publications to launch precautionary calls for protecting the Nile Alluvium to be a protectorate
17 Title DESIGN OF CONTROL BOARD FOR LINEAR ARRAY CCD'S USED IN REMOTE SENSING IMAGERS Ibrahim Emam (1), A Shaheen (2), A‐Alqabbany (3), A Yahya Authors (1)payload camera design Engineer, NARSS, (2)Prof Doc , NARSS , (3) Prof Doc Azhar Univ, Cairo, (4) Doc Azhar Univ, Cairo , Email: [email protected], ABSTRACT This paper describes a controlboard using XILINX CPLD for design the required control clocks of FAIRCHILD CCD‐191. This board also could be used for testing, evaluating, investigating and understanding the operating parameters of CCD‐191 which is used in the Multi Band Earth Imager (MBEI) for Space and aerial imaging. The board also enables checking the output video signals, controlling and changing the parameters of all control clock signals. The output video signals could be visualized using an oscilloscope and Signal Processor Unit (SPU) to check the entire channel of the imager. The measurements are carried out using standard illuminator and optical filter BG‐38. The results of checking the Fairchild CCD 191 satisfied the specifications imposed for multi‐spectral camera application in remote sensing
15 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Domain. Therefore, this board is capable to check most of the CCD 191 parameters. Prof. Dr. Attia Shaheen Biography The author is Head of the electro‐optical laboratories for remote sensing payloads in NARSS. He has been head of Aerial photograph and Aviation Division in NARSS. He has a PhD in 1980 from Paul Sabatier university, Toulouse, France. He has participating in the development of multiband and IR Earth imagers for EgyptSat‐2. In 2006 he founded the Electro‐Optical Laboratories in NARSS. The author has supervised many Msc’s and PhD’s students. His dominant field is sensor technology and elapse‐time‐acquisition & ‐processing. More than 20 years he studied physics, informatics, optics, automatic control, image processing and different sensors such as aerial cameras, synthetic aperture radar, hyperspectral cameras,..etc. The author wrote many articles for magazines and conferences. Besides, he developed some most important issues in the laboratory: interfacing the thermal vacuum chamber with the autocollimator to test space imagers. Engineer Ibrahem M. Emam Bsc of Electronics and communications, May 2001. Trained in Ukraine for design Satellite Imagers for two years. Work on Master thesis in design test and control board of a CCD sensor Member of MISRsat 2 design team in NARSS.
Prof Dr. Ahmed. S. Alqabbany, Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Al‐Azhar University. His research interests are Electronics Devices & Circuits, and integrated Electronics. Dr. Ahmed Yahya, Lecturer, Department of Electrical Engineering, Al‐Azhar University. His research interests are, Computer architectures, Microprocessors, and Digital Electronics.
18 Title MICRO SATELLITES ARCHITECTURE AND TESTING Prof. Dr. M.B.Argoun, Eng.M.El Sirafy ,Eng.M.Mahmoud , Authors Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT During the process of satellite building, several architectures are proposed to carry out the required mission. Such architectures include additional hardware and software used only during the test phases to facilitate the process of function verification and validation. Satellite testing is categorized in several levels, types and phases. In this paper we illustrate the experience gained while testing the Egypt‐sat1 micro‐satellite. We focus on the aspects that should be accurately considered in each test phase to facilitate the next steps, together with mentioning the common problems which the subsystems faced during the tests and methodologies to solve them before their severe accumulation. We conclude the paper by proposing the architecture for an integrated test environment which can handle several test levels, types and phases. Such environment will have the opportunity to model the real conditions at which the satellite will serve as much as possible.
Biography Mahmoud A. El‐Sirafy is ground processor and pre‐launch validation engineer in the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences in Egypt. He has been working as a PCDHS system engineer then a satellite integrated test system engineer in Ukraine during the process of building the egyptsat1 satellite for five years. He participated in all project phases up till launching. Currently he leads a group of five engineers to design, implement and test the HW of a highly reliable computer for harsh environments. He has an experience in organization based management and talent in organizing engineering projects. Moreover, He is preparing now for his master of business
16 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
administration in a project management field. In addition, He participated in sounding international space events and conferences, gaining both scientific and technical experience. Mohamed M. Ibrahim is a PCDHS Onboard/Test Equipment SW system engineer in the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences in Egypt. He has been working as a PCDHS Onboard/Test Equipment SW developer then PCDHS SW system engineer then a satellite integrated test engineer in Ukraine during the process of building the egyptsat1 satellite for five years. He participated in all project phases up till launching. Currently he leads a group of five engineers to design, implement and test the SW of a highly reliable computer for harsh environments. Moreover, He is preparing now for his master of business administration in a project management field. In addition, He participated in sounding international space events and conferences, gaining both scientific and technical experience.
19 Title URBAN SPRAWL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON THE FERTILE AGRICULTURAL LAND OF EGYPT USING REMOTE SENSING AND DIGITAL SOIL DATABASE, CASE STUDY: QALUBIYA GOVERNORATE
Authors Shalaby, A. & Gad, A. , National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Urban sprawl is one of the main problems that threatens the limited highly fertile land in the Nile Delta of Egypt. In this research LANDSAT‐TM satellite images 1993, ETM+ 2001and Egypt‐sat‐1, 2009 have been used to study the urban sprawl and its impact on agricultural land in Qalubiya Governorate. Maximum likelihood supervised classification and post‐classification change detection techniques were applied to map land cover changes in the study area. Ground truth information, collected during several field trips conducted between 2003 and 2008 and topographic map of 1991 were used to assess the accuracy of the classification results. Using ancillary data, visual interpretation and expert knowledge of the area through GIS, further refining of the classification results was performed. Post‐ classification change detection technique was used to produce change image through cross‐tabulation. Changes among different land cover classes were assessed. Combining the soil and land capability maps on the one hand, and the urban thematic layers, on the other hand, GIS made it possible to point out the risk of urban expansion on the expenses of the high capability soil classes. During the study period (1993‐2009), the high capable soils (Class I) decreased from 683.2 to 618.5 Km2. The moderate capable soils decreased from 100.5 to 93.8 Km2, while the marginally capable soils decreased from 209.1 Km2 to 198.3 Km2 during the same period. It is noticed that urban encroachment over the non capable soils are very limited, as their coverage was found stable during the period 1992 – 2008.
Biography Prof. Abdallah Gad obtained his Ph. D. in Soil Sciences from Faculty of Sciences, State University of
17 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Ghent, Belgium, Using Remote Sensing Techniques, with the degree of "Greatest distinction", October 1988. Post Doctor Studies in the Remote Sensing Technology International Center (RESTIC) in Tokyo, Japan, in 1994. Peace fellowship holder for post Doctor Studies in the State University of South Dakota, 1995.Holder of the state prize in advanced technical Studies Agricultural Sciences in Egypt. National expert in the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA), Ministry of Cabinet Affairs, 1995‐2002. Dr. Gad is Regional coordinator for a number of EU funded projects (AVICENE, CAMELEO, LANDWATERMED, MEDCOASTLAND, MEDAQUA1, MEDAQWA2 and Currently, National Coordinator of MELIA EU‐INCO Project, while heading the International working group linked MIRA and Horizon 2020 projects activities. He is Principal Investigator of several National funded projects in the field of soil and environmental sciences. Project evaluator for the Marie Curie programmes. He is Member of EU‐Egypt Cooperation Comity for Science and Technology since 2008. He has attended a number of international scientific events around the world and has published 145 articles in different International and National Journals and bulletins. Dr. Gad is on the Editorial board & reviewer of several Journals including; Asian Journal of Agricultural Research, Asian Journal of Earth Sciences, Asian Journal of Information Management,International Journal of Agricultural Research,International Journal of Soil Science, Journal of Agronomy, Journal of Applied Sciences, Research Journal of Environmental Sciences and Space Research Journal,
20 Title ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING OF DESERTIFICATION SENSITIVITY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS‐CASE STUDY: INLAND SINAI AND EASTERN DESERT WADIES Gad, A. & Shalaby, A. , National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt Authors Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT Desertification is one of the fundamental problems that threatens many arid and semi‐arid areas. The formulation of the United Nation Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), adopted in Paris, 1994 and ratified in 1996, with the active participation of Egypt, gave emphasis to combating the major threats to sustainability of dry lands. The Convention defined desertification as “land degradation in arid and semi‐arid and dry sub‐humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities”. Recently, different models were developed to scope on the quantitative approach of desertification assessment. The Egyptian National Action Plan (NAP) to combat desertification divided the Egyptian territory into four agro‐ecological zones. The Eastern desert and inland Sinai is one of the defined agro‐ecological zones, where wadi plains represent potential sustainable areas. Wadi Al‐Arish and Wadi Al‐Asiouty were chosen to represent inland Sinai and eastern desert regions respectively. Desertification sensitivity was computed, and analyzed using ArcGIS system, as a function of soils, vegetation cover and climatic qualities. Measurable parameters were chosen to evaluate each element. Varity of satellite images, such as TM,
18 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
ETM+, SPOT 4, SRTM and Egypt Sat‐1 were used in this study. Geologic and soil maps were also utilized as main sources for calculating the Environmental Sensitivity Areas Index (ESAI) for desertification. The results show that 33.8% of Wadi Al‐Asuity is characterized by a high sensitivity to desertification, while the low sensitive one exhibits only 19.4%. The moderately sensitive area occupies 28.6% of the wadi area. Wadi Al‐Arish area shows more sensitivity, where 74% of its area is highly sensitive to desertification. The low sensitive areas to desertification represent 25% of the area. It could be concluded that implementing the maps of sensitivity to desertification is rather useful as they give more likely quantitative trend for frequency of sensitive areas. Land use must be adapted, on basis of the environmental sensitivity indices for desertification, in order to reduce or eliminate the risk of desertification and assure sustainable development. Remote sensing proved to be an important source for data needed to asses the environmental sensitivity. Availability of Egypt Sat‐1 data, with its high spatial resolution compared to TM and SPOT data, is encouraging the idea of operational monitoring of sensitivity. Such data would allow the use of modeling aspects which may lead to ustain our National natural resources.
Dr. Adel Abdel‐Hamid Shalaby Researcher, Head of land use department, Environmental studies Biography and land use division, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, Egypt, Faculty of Agriculture, Al‐Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, B. Sc. Specialized in Soil Sciences, 1995 with degree of "Excellent with honor ". Faculty of Sciences, State University of Ghent, Belgium, Scientific Degree of Graduate in complementary Studies in physical land resources, July 1998. Faculty of Sciences, State University of Ghent, Belgium, Master of Science in physical land resources, September 1999. Chiba university, Graduate school of science and technology, Center for Environmental remote sensing, Ph.D of soil sciences, 2007. Participated in different research projects related to the application of remote sensing and GIS in the field of soil mapping, environmental studies and land use issues. Assisted and coordinated in Regional and International Cooperation Research projects, related to desertification, land degradation and EIA studies.
21 Title SERVIR‐AFRICA: OPERATIONAL FLOOD PREDICTION AND POST‐EVENT FLOOD MAPPING
Author Daniel Macharia SERVIR‐Africa at Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD) in Nairobi Kenya Email: [email protected] ; [email protected]
SERVIR is a regional visualization and monitoring system that applies earth ABSTRACT observations and predictive models to support decision‐making in a range of application areas. For disaster management, SERVIR is developing a cost‐
19 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
effective approach for flood prediction, which will be of particular value in under‐gauged regions. SERVIR is taking advantage of the virtually uninterrupted supply of satellite‐based rainfall information as an alternative and supplement to ground‐based observations. SERVIR is also using near real‐ time MODIS imagery for semi‐automated post event flood mapping. The development and dissemination of these flood products relies upon SERVIR’s geospatial platform, which integrates components for data discovery, acquisition, use, and sharing. The web‐based geoportal provides a searchable and viewable ‘one‐stop shop’ for earth observation data and products, geospatial services, visualization tools, and reports. This effort builds upon the strengths of the Regional Center for Mapping of Resource for Development in Nairobi, with the goal of maintaining a flexible system for use by scientists, educators, and policy makers.
Biography Daniel Macharia is a Geospatial Database Specialist at the Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources and Development (RCMRD) in Nairobi, Kenya. He is currently working on SERVIR‐Africa. Mr. Macharia previously worked as a GIS analyst and GIS consultant for the African Conservation Centre in Nairobi, and for UNFPA/CBS on the Kenya National Population and Housing Census Project. He has a B.Sc in Natural Resources Management for Egerton University in Kenya, and an M.Sc in Computer‐Based Information Systems from the University of Sunderland, UK.June 1999‐Sept 2001 ‐ UNFPA/CBS 1999 Kenya National Population and Housing Census Project at Central Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi Dec 1998 ‐ May 1999‐ Intern, Early Warning on Food Security Project, Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD), Nairobi
Title 22 A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING NATURAL HAZARDS Authors Paul Chan, Menas Kafatos, and Hesham El‐Askary Schmid College of Science, Chapman University, California, U.S.A, and Xue Liu, Institute for Global Change, Maryland, U.S.A Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Climate change is global, but the impacts will be felt in the form of region‐ specific natural hazards such as droughts, dust storms, wildfires, heat waves, and floods. These hazards are tied to climate change in different ways depending on local conditions and feedback between various local and global systems. Developing countries are particularly vulnerable to these exacerbating hazards where the changing climate has contributed in increasing their frequency of occurrence. We are developing a decision support system (DSS) for risk assessment and management for regional natural hazards. The DSS will provide hazard management tools and all the necessary data and analysis in a user‐friendly interface. The DSS is based on a geographic information system (GIS) and integrates hazard data (based on satellite remote sensing and in situ observations), climatological data, and
20 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
socioeconomic data such as demographics, infrastructure, public health, and economic productions. The North Africa region consists of arid and semi‐arid land with high rainfall variability, making this region highly vulnerable to drought. While drought is an inherent characteristic of this region’s climate, there are nonetheless vast expanses of forests and fertile valleys. With rapid population growth and increasing water demands, water shortages are a problem in many parts of this region. We are currently extending this DSS to cover drought early warning and management. During a drought event, the DSS will continue to capture new data and information—weather, climate, and socioeconomic—to support effective drought management. Moreover, dust storms have intensified lately in terms of magnitude, frequency and time of occurrence over that region owed to increased desertification. The proposed DSS can accommodate atmospheric dispersion and dust models in association with atmosphere related ground and satellite observations. The goals of this initiative are to: 1‐Reduce the adverse impacts of dust storms and droughts in the long run, 2‐ Enable early preparedness and timely communication of dust storms and drought conditions to the public, 3‐Allow drought assistance to be targeted to areas with the greatest need, 4‐Create effective processes for identifying and funding relief and mitigation investments, and 5‐Facilitate a national or regional strategy for drought management across both ministries and national governments
Biography Dr. Paul Chan holds a PhD in Atmospheric Science from University of Missouri, an MA in Geophysics from Princeton University, and an MBA from the Wharton School of Business. He began his career conducting climate research for NASA and was the Director of NASA's climate data center. He later joined USDA, and from 2001 to 2004, he led a team of economists to analyze the vulnerabilities in the U.S. food and agricultural system and their impacts on the nation’s economy. In 2006, he became the Chief Information Officer for the National Weather Service (NWS). Dr. Chan is currently COO of I.M. Systems Group and works on international and domestic climate change issues. He is a member of the U.S. Vietnam Climate Change Working Group and has advised the Vietnam’s Hydro‐Meteorological Service for its modernization and on climate change adaptation. In addition, he is a member of the U.S. Maryland State Governor’s Climate Change Commission Working Group and authored the climate change public education policies for the state of Maryland. Dr. Chan is also a Senior Visiting Scientist in climate science at Chapman University, California. His current research focus is natural hazard risk management and climate change adaptation. He recently co‐ chaired the 1st International Symposium for Climate Change Adaptation for the Asia and Pacific Region in Seoul, Korea, which was organized by the Korean Ministry of Environment.
21 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
23 Title DETECTING AND CONTROLLING THE WATERLOGGING INDUCED BY NON‐ MANAGEABLE LAND RECLAMATION IN THE SAHARAN OASES USING REMOTE SENSING AND DEM ANALYSES: FARFRA OASIS, EGYPT. Authors Mohammed El Bastawesy Geological application division, National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt. Email: m.elbastawesy@ narss.sci.eg ABSTRACT This paper presents a new approach to manage the waterlogging, particularly common in the Saharan Oases following large‐scale and non‐managed reclamation projects. The Farafra Oasis is one of the key oases in the Western Desert of Egypt, which has been occupied, in parts, since the prehistory due to sufficient discharge of deep groundwater through springs and artesian wells. Analysis of Landsat satellite images of 1984 shows that the main agriculture field’s area is mainly developed on the floor (i.e. playas and mudflat) area of the depression. Additionally, few local ponds are dotting the playas areas and collecting water of the irrigation‐discharge. The Landsat satellite images of 1989 clearly show a recent and extensive land reclamation project, located at 25 km to the southeast of the already existing ‘old’ main agriculture area in Farafra Oasis.
A recent satellite image of Egyptsat1 acquired in 2009 shows that the new agriculture project area has developed seepage and vegetation‐strips that confine to certain flow paths heading to the northwest toward the old agriculture fields. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) was used to automatically extract drainage networks (i.e. wadis and dry‐channels) and sub‐catchments of the Oasis area, which is veneered by sand sheets. The DEM‐simulated drainage networks show that ‘new’ agriculture project area is upstream of the ‘old’ fields’ area, which occupies the main playa of the Farafra closed drainage basin.
Furthermore, subsurface seepage from the ‘new’ agriculture fields’ is delineated by natural vegetation strips that exactly follow the flow directions of extracted drainage networks. It is anticipated that subsurface seepage from the new fields’ area will progress in the downstream directions to reach the main mudflat currently occupied by the old agriculture areas. Therefore, the non‐managed new land reclamation can deteriorate the existing agriculture areas. Although the study area is now hyper‐arid and virtually receives no precipitation, drainage network analysis is very significant to determine the optimal pathways of irrigation‐discharge channels. In most cases, the dry channels are partially buried by Aeolian deposits and therefore, have to be excavated and deepen to control waterlogging. The newly developed seepage‐
22 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
channels have to be intercepted before reaching the old agriculture area.
Biography Dr.Mohamed El Bastawesy is a researcher at the geological application division in NARSS. He obtained his Ph.D from the University of Reading, UK in 2005, where he investigated the issues of dryland hydrological processes. He was a research fellow at Reading University during the period from November 2007 to December 2008 collaborating in the project of ‘Water, Life and Civilisation’. the main research topics are remote sensing and GIS applications in hydrogeology and geomorphology of dryland, with a particular emphasise on reconstructing paleo‐ hydrological setting of these catchments to locate potential areas of groundwater resources.
24 Title HERITAGE OF EGYPTSAT: DERIVATIVE DESIGNS OF FUTURE EGYPTIAN SATELLITES BASED ON EGYPTSAT‐1 Authors Mohamed B. Argoun Professor of Aerospace Dynamics and Control, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Cairo University Former Director of Egyptian Space Program 1999‐2008 Project Manager of Egyptsat‐1 satellite Project, 2001‐2008 ABSTRACT EgyptSat‐1 is the first Egyptian satellite for remote sensing and scientific research. It is designed and implemented by the Ukrainian company Yuzhnoye with the participation of Egyptian engineers and scientists as trainees and for testing. As the lifetime of the current satellite is 5 years which will end by 2012, there is a need to examine the possible design directions of next generation satellites based on the design of Egyptsat‐1. Moreover, there are efforts to build smaller satellites based on Egyptsat‐1 with the participation of Egyptian universities with the purpose of disseminating space and satellite knowledge to the scientific community to enhance the capability of building indigenous future satellites. This paper discusses the possible different directions which the changes in design may take to produce the follow‐up satellites in the Egyptian Space Program. These changes in design take two directions. The first direction is ”Design‐up” to improve the current design, address some issues that became apparent in operation and to satisfy the needs of the user community for higher resolution. This design aims at the next generation EgyptSat‐2 satellites. The second direction is to “Design‐ Down” to simplify the design and help involve wider university participation. This direction aims at outlining the design for university type satellites called here “Universat”.
Biography Prof. Mohamed B. Argoun is currently professor of Aerospace Systems Dynamics and Control at the Aerospace Department, Cairo University. During the period 1997‐2007 he was Director of the Egyptian Space Program, Head of the Space Sciences and Strategic Studies Division at the National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences and Manager of Egyptsat‐1 satellite project. Prior to joining Cairo University from 1988 to 1997 Dr. Argoun was professor
23 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (1983‐1988) and worked at Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. where he was a specialist in Nuclear Reactor Safety. Dr. Argoun research interests are in Systems Control Theory where he published over 40 scientific papers and small satellite design which he is currently interested in. Prof. Argoun is actively interested in development of small satellites and their technology and applications in developing countries and in particular in Africa and the Arab World. He wrote many articles in the field including a book (in Arabic) entitled: Outer Space and its Peaceful Uses (published by: Alaam Al Maarefa, Kuwait).
27 TITLE ANALYSIS OF URBAN GROWTH AND ELECTRIFICATION IN NORTH AFRICA USING SATELLITE OBSERVED NIGHTTIME LIGHTS DATA
Authors Christopher D. Elvidge, Ph.D. Earth Observation Group NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA Email:[email protected]
Abstract We found that the locations and area of satellite detected lighting has been very stable back to the early 1990’s in Egypt. However, the brightness of lighting has increased dramatically in the Nile Delta and Nile Valley. While more than 99% of the population in Egypt lives in areas with satellite detected lighting, 22% of the population of Morocco lives in areas with no satellite detected lighting. The causes of the growth in lighting in Egypt and lack of lighting in many populated places in Morocco not be determined and would be a good topics for research with scientists in the region. Biography Christopher Elvidge Physical scientist employed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). Elvidge has bachelor degrees in Botany and Geology from Southern Illinois University and a masters degree in geology from Arizona State University. In 1985 he received a Ph.D. in Applied Earth Sciences from Stanford University. His post‐doc was at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, sponsored by the National Research Council. From 1988 to 1991 he was faculty at the University of Nevada Desert Research Institute. From 1991‐93 he was a visiting scientist at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development in Washington, DC. In 1994 he moved to NGDC to research nighttime lights observed by the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP. Elvidge leads the Earth Observation Group (EOG) at NGDC, which operates the long term archive for DMSP data. Current projects include satellite mapping of constructed impervious surfaces, satellite monitoring of gas flaring in oil and gas fields in sixty countries, construction of a global map of economic activity, and the analysis of electrification rates in more than 200 countries.
24 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
29 Title GEOINFORMATION FOR SUSTAINABLE URBANIZATION: LESSONS LEARNT FROM UN‐HABITAT EXPERIENCES Authors Jossy Materu1, Laura Petrella, Karin Buhren and Remy Sietchiping ,Urban Design and Planning Services Unit at UN‐HABITAT, d Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHABITAT), P. O. Box 30030, Nairobi 00100; Kenya; Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN‐HABITAT) is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to support countries in their quest for sustainable urbanization and improving the delivery of shelter for all. It is in this respect that UN‐HABITAT’s knowledge and use geoinformation for urban planning, management and governance as well as land and housing for sustainable urbanization derives from a number of experiences and tools developed over many years through its programmatic work. The paper will draw from the Agency’s experiences, relevant work, research and good practices in the area of geioinformation (including GIS, remote sensing, simulation and modeling techniques) applications for supporting sustainable urbanization. The paper will present a UN‐HABITAT framework to analyze these experiences to enhance comparison and extraction of lessons. The framework is issue and technology based, as well as related to the planning and urban management processes in which GIS has been used in situation analysis, information sharing, and decision making. The paper will present an overview of UN‐HABITAT’s mandate so as to put in perspective its multisectoral and integrated approach in achieving sustainable urbanization. The paper will then highlight examples of using geoinformation, including GIS in various capacities. Since 1990s in particular, UN‐HABITAT has documented lessons learnt from a range of practices and instruments where the added value of geoinformation in general had been demonstrated. The paper will draw from various experiences including the use of geoinformation, particularly GIS in slum upgrading in Kenya and Brazil; application of GIS as a tool for mapping and urban planning in secondary towns in the Lake Victoria region (Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania), and the application of GIS for a city‐wide urban environment strategy development in more than thirty municipalities. The authors will also underscore the use and potential of GIS and cellular automata application to explore urban dynamics and predict slum growth in Yaoundé, Cameroon. The paper will put emphasis on the UN‐HABITAT’s technical assistance in the development of strategic spatial plans for the Lake Victoria region to guide infrastructure investments and poverty reduction strategies. The authors will underscore that the secondary towns around Lake Victoria have been
25 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
experiencing rapid urbanization of 3‐7% per annum. The paper will also discuss the urban planning implications of the main sources of pollution loads entering Lake Victoria threatening its marine resources which are a source of livelihood for an estimated 25 million people who live in rural and urban settlements within its catchment area. The paper will consider strategic spatial planning as an approach that emphasizes the need to integrate the social, economic and environmental dimensions of urban planning and the need to involve all key stakeholders in the planning process especially in determining its future vision. It envisages the spirit of inclusion and participation at all levels of plan preparation and implementation. The paper will demonstrate how such planning process and approach was applied in the Lake Victoria region using geoinformation following five distinct stages: (1) GIS mapping of the towns to develop base, thematic and issue maps of the existing situation; (2) development of profiles of the towns covering socio‐economic, environmental and structural aspects; (3) consultation meetings of key stakeholders of the towns to discuss the mapping and the profile of the existing situation so as to be able to develop agreed common future visions of the towns; (4) interpretation of the agreed common future visions of the towns into spatial frameworks and (5) action planning for implementation of the plans Based on various UN‐HABITAT’s experiences and particularly the Lake Victoria initiative, the paper will identify three main areas for lessons learning. First, geoinformation and GIS as a tool for urban planning and monitoring has not yet found its way in planning practice in many rapid developing cities. Second, the role of partnership, particularly the role of training and research institutions in rapidly urbanizing countries in providing geoinformation capacity should be strengthened. Third, the effective use of geoinformation for sustainable urbanization is highly dependent on overcoming data availability and access, resources and capacity constraints in planning, GIS and remote sensing can be overcome. The paper will conclude with some recommendations on how UN‐HABITAT is working Habitat Agenda partners to use more effectively geoinformation tools, sciences and technologies to address urban and human settlements challenges.
Biography Jossy Materu is an urban Development specialist with more than ten years international experience. Currently he is Chief of the Urban Design and Planning Services Unit at the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHABITAT). He has a Masters and PhD in Town and Regional Planning from the University of Sheffield in the UK. Before joining the UNHABITAT in 2007 he worked for the Municipal Development Programme for Sub Saharan Africa under the World Bank as Long Term Consultant/Task Manager; the “Partenariat pour Le Developpement Municipal” (PDM) in Cotonou Benin ‐ where he was Head of the Regional Resource Centre on Decentralisation and local government capacity building; and the Ardhi Institute (now Ardhi University) in Tanzania ‐ where he held various academic positions as Professor of Urban
26 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Planning. He has published extensively in the area of urban planning and management, housing, local governance and local government capacity building. His current research interest is on sustainable urbanization where geo‐information is one of the entry points.
30 Title REMOTE‐SENSING BASED APPROACH TO IMPROVE REGIONAL ESTIMATION OF RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT Authors Eugene Yan, PhD, Environmental Science Division Argonne National Laboratory
Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT To address a nation’s or a region’s water‐related sustainability problems, one of key elements is to characterize and quantify renewable water resources for a better management. In the arid and semiarid areas, it has been a great challenge to quantify the renewable water resources due to limited access and monitoring systems on the land. This study developed an integrated, remote sensing‐based approach to improve estimation of renewable water resources. The approach incorporated (1) extraction of spatial and temporal data using recently developed models from a wide‐range of global remote sensing data sets (TRMM, SSM/I, Landsat TM, AVHRR, AMSR‐E, ASTER, etc.) (2) integration of data to determine precipitation, soil moisture, reservoir volume and stages, and flows in large river channels, which are key components in hydrologic processes, and (3) development and application of hydrologic model that simulates hydrologic processes, water usage for energy production, and agricultural activities with a GIS capability to interpret and implement multiple satellite sensor data for model input and model calibration. This integrated, characterization method has been applied to the arid to semiarid areas, Sinai Peninsula (SP; area: 61,000 km2) and the Eastern Desert (ED; area: 220,000 km2) of Egypt as our test sites. As a result, the model provided estimates for potential water resources and can be used as a tool for future management optimization.
Biography Eugene Yan is a scientist in hydrology at Argonne National Laboratory, a Department of Energy national laboratory. He has been leading several large‐scale watershed‐based hydrologic researches with primary focus on quantification of renewable water resources in large‐scale watersheds for sustainable development, evaluation of regional impacts of climate change on water availability and energy development, and simulation of complex hydrologic systems and associated contaminant migration. He has been invited to provide short courses in many countries, including two courses of surface water and groundwater modeling at Cairo University, Egypt.
27 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
31 Title APPLICATION OF LANDSAT ETM AND EGYPTSAT‐1 DATA FUSION IN ROCK DISCRIMINATION OF BASEMENT ROCKS AT GABAL GHARIB AREA NORTH EASTERN DESERT OF EGYPT
Authors Mohamed F. Sadek and Safaa M. Hassan National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences,Cairo, Egypt. Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT Gabal Gharib area comprises Late Proterozoic Precambrian basement rocks of metamorphic and magmatic assemblages unconformably overlain by Miocene‐ Holocene sedimentary rocks. The calc‐alkaline metamorphosed volcanic rocks are the main rock varieties forming the exposed metamorphic assemblage extruded by Dokhan volcanics and intruded by syn to late to post tectonic magmatic intrusions of gabbro‐diorite, tonalite‐granodiorite (G1), monzogranites‐alkali feldspar granites (G2) and alkaline riebeckite granites (G3). Different band ratio ETM images, Landsat ETM‐Egyptsat‐1 fused image data with the spectral signature characterizations together with the data of field study were applied to discriminate these different basement rock units. Four granitic varieties as well as the metamorphosed older volcanics and younger Dokhan‐type volcanics are well discriminated. This study revealed that the Landsat ETM‐ Egyptsat‐1 fused band ratio image (7/4, 3/7, 4/5) is the best to discriminate the exposed basement rocks and the structural features at Gabal Gharib area.
Biography Dr. Mohamed Fouad Sadek is the head of the Department of Rocks and Geological Mapping at NARSS which is one of the departments of the Geological Applications and Mineral Resource Division. He gained his experience in geological mapping of basement rocks during his work at the Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority (EGSMA) (1976‐2001) whereas he was one of the field leaders of the geological mapping project which was responsible for the geological mapping and publishing of many geological maps covering many districts in the Eastern Desert of Egypt in cooperation with the British Geological Survey. During the period of work at NARSS (since 2001) the author published many papers dealing with applications of different remote sensing techniques in lithological discrimination, geological mapping and detecting of the mineralized alteration zones at different localities in the Eastern and Western Deserts of Egypt.
28 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Dr Safaa Mohamed Hassan Sayed, researcher at Data Reception, Analysis and Receiving Station Affairs Division. National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS). She has a broad experience in the analysis of space and airborne sensor collected data, digital image processing, and GIS, for remote sensing application purposes, natural resource assessment and management, terrain analysis, and various environmental Issues. Operation, and utilization of the digital image processing facilities at the National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo, Egypt, which provide latest techniques. A good experience on innovative application of remote sensing and geoinformation sciences, environmental sciences, project management and Radarsat SAR applications
32 Title MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN ESNA BASIN, USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES
Authors El Bayomi ,G.M, Helwan University, Faculty of Art, Geography Department. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Now a day The GIS technology is the best applied means in the geographical studies that depend on considerable information quantitatively and interconnected and interrelated qualitatively. The study is based on the quantitative analytical methodology for the statistical date that were obtain from Topographic map scale 1:50 000. Using a hydrological model in which key parameters were derived from conventional topographic maps, field survey and a land cover map derived from satellite remote sensing. In the absence of detailed data, especially on rainfall and ground surface properties for the site, the only feasible means of predicting sites sensitive to flooding was to adopt a modeling approach supported by acquisition of data on land cover and associated hydrological variables Given the spatial variability in rainfall and basin hydrological properties, a spatially distributed rather than lumped model was required. The spatial distribution of watershed in Esna Basin was mapped. The investigation parameter by merging elevation /bathymetry data of topography , DEM , slope direction and water flow Quantity were employed to form a model for predicting and determine the hazardous area of basin . The results indicates that the Drainage density ranges 34,4 suggesting coarse to moderate drainage texture. Basin n Length 46.5 km ,width 29.5 km , Perimeter,175 km3 Number of stream order 9194 , Total length of stream order are 2983.5 km . The values of bifurcation ratio ranging from 1.3 to 2,4 indicate that the basins fall under normal basin category. Elongation ratio indicates that the Wadi basin is a region of very low relief.
29 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Biography Dr. Gehan El Bayomi is an associate professor at geography department , faculty of arts , Helwan University . Dr. El‐Bayoumi has over 15 years experience in the application of remote sensing and GIS in academia, research. The area of interest of Dr. Gehan is studying the Coastal area and watershed analysis . Dr. G. El Bayoumi had obtained here PhD in geomorphology, her PhD research topic was on “Burullus lake Geomorphological study” . Dr. Gehan has participated as a research team member in several projects ,such as; Management plan of Northern Lakes, Egypt” 2001‐2002. National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences" Egypt" ” Conservation of Wetland and Coastal Ecosystems in Mediterranean Region, Environmental Affairs Agency, EEAA/. Egypt, ”Omaid, Burrlus ,Zaranik Protectorates, MED WET Coast. , and “5th Management plane of Lake Qarun 2004‐2008.,and Environmental Management in Helwan city 2004.
33 Title USING REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR THE DETECTION OF ANCIENT IRRIGATION CANALS IN DEIR EL‐HAGAR PLAYA, DAKHLA OASIS, EGYPT Authors Zaghloul, E. A. & S. M. Hassan and A. Bahay El‐Dein National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS). Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT Dakhla Oasis is the second provincial oasis in Al‐Wadi El‐Gedid Governorate and lies about 198 km. north‐west of Kharga Oasis. Dakhla contains several wells, the most important of which are: The Mut Wells. The Mid‐Pleistocene lacustrine sediments exposed as erosional remnants in the Western Desert of Egypt provide evidence for a more humid climate than that which persists today. The persistence of climatic and hydrologic conditions amenable to maintaining a shallow freshwater lake would have allowed the region to be inhabited by a savanna fauna, as well as early human groups. The most important playa is Deir El‐Hagar Playa which located about 45 k. to the west of Mut (capital of the oasis) where the famous Pharaonic Deir El—Hagar Temple is located. The present work deals with the discovery of the ancient irrigation canals in Deir El‐Hagar playa which covers an area about 2.5 km. The playa is semicircular basin that was covered by an extensive lake deposits that owed its water to the natural springs and rainfall over the depression during the Terminal Paleolithic and Neolithic times. The sediments can be classified into three main units . namely A, B and C at top (Zaghloul, 1992). The prehistoric remains; such as Lithic‐artifacts, Pottery fragments and Charcoal; in and around the playa make it possible to date the Holocene stratigraphic units in the area. Although during the Neolithic pluvial period in the early Holocene when Terminal Paleolithic and Neolithic hunters and farmers spread over the Western Desert between 9500 and 5000 years ago, by 5000 BP with no rainfall, the lakes dried up and wind erosion under hyper‐arid conditions has been the main process (Haynes, 1980) which forms the deflated playa surfaces
30 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
in the western Desert in the form of Yarding. Biography El‐Sayed Abbas Zaghloul graduated from the Faculty of Sciences in 1968, Assiut University, he got his Ph.D in 1983 from Cairo University.
He join the Egyptian Geological Survey from 1969 – 1980 , Senior geologist in TOTAL Proche Orient from 1980 – 1986, Researcher and deputy director of the Research Institute for Water Resources ( National Water Research Center ) from 1987‐ 1995 and then professor and the head of Water and Engineering Application Division ( National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences ) from 1995‐ present
He participated in a number of archeological expeditions in the Western Desert and Sinai. He was a member of a scientific groups working in the field of space archaeology with Tokai and Wasseda Universities in Japan and the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) at Sakkara, Dahshur and North West Delta
He attended and participated in a number of national and international workshops, meetings and conferences. He is Author & co‐author for number of scientific papers and reports, and member to number of national and international scientific associations.
35 Title REMODEL URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN EGYPT: A FUTURE VISION Authors Ahmed M. SOLIMAN Professor, Head of Architecture Dept, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Egypt Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT In Egypt, the program of presidential election on November 2005 has emphasized on redefining and remodeling the role of the government as an implementable effective tool through decentralization and developing local municipalities that aims to encourage public‐private partnership by which draw exchangeable responsibilities between society and the state. As a response to the above outline program, in the early 2006 the GOPP (the General Organization for Physical Planning) in cooperation with UN‐HABITAT has introduced a project for setting up a General Strategic Urban Plan for 50 small Egyptian cities (GSUP). The main objective is an attempt to assess the various needs of Egyptian cities and to draw up a new boundary for each city to meet the future requirements of its citizen till the year 2027. The GSUP is intended to involve the various stakeholders who engaged in the development processes to ensure that the plan is logic and appropriate for the requirements of the local citizen, and prevent further sprawl on agricultural areas which accounted to be within the figure of one million Fadden in the last two decades. GIS tools are used in investigating the existing situation of the Egyptian cities, as well as, it used in facilitating the decision process in setting up the final plan.
31 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
This study shows that GIS tool would enrich urban planning in a given area that the government would like to see it developed. The research includes case studies of small Egyptian cities, and is emphasizing on the output maps as a way for understanding the recent urban sprawl by which would guide the decision makers to intervene in a proper way to enhance the urban fabric of Egyptian cities.
Biography Ahmed Soliman is the head and professor of Architecture at the Architecture Department at the University of Alexandria, Egypt. He has published widely on the problems of housing the urban poor in the South, and the author of a book entitled A Possible Way Out published by University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland. Currently, he is engaged with UN‐Habitat and GOPP in preparing a General Strategic Urban Plan for small cities in Egypt.
36 Title EGYPTSAT‐1 SATELLITE IN‐ORBIT OPERATION: OBSERVATIONS AND LESSONS
Authors M.A. Matar NARSS, Egypt , IEEE Senior Member and Head of NARSS Space Operation Center
ABSTRACT Egyptsat‐1, the first Egyptian satellite for Earth observation, is approaching its third in‐orbit anniversary on April 17, 2010. The 3‐years of in‐orbit operation of Egyptsat‐1 System have shed lights upon plenty of aspects of the system operability, design and utilization. Consequently, the analysis on in‐orbit operation and investigation of the encountered contingency situations and shortcomings of the system have triggered some operational as well as design innovations. The present work covers the Earth‐Space‐Earth communication links assessment (TC/TM S‐band communication link, Image delivery X‐band communication link and Store‐and‐Forward communication link along with their respective ground segments). The resultant impacts upon the overall System operational Effectiveness have been also considered. Problems relevant to EMC; signal integrity and spacecraft platform sporadic service denial (occasional maneuver inhibition and safe mode acquisition problems) are also covered. Sample cases of the encountered contingency situations of Egyptsat‐1 system have been outlined and learnt lessons are given.
Biography
32 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
37 TITLE ASSESSMENT OF EGYPTSAT‐1 SATELLITE IMAGES FOR PRODUCTION AND UPDATING OF PLANIMETRIC MAPS OF SCALE 1:25000
AUTHORS ZAHRAA M.ABD ELRAHMAN, YASSER S. ELMANDILI and Zeinab Weshahi FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, CAIRO UNIVERSITY, EGYPT. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT EgyptSat‐1 is the first Egyptian satellite for remote sensing. It is an international collaborative project of NARSS. The satellite has an image resolution of nearly 8 meters, which is satisfactory for many important civilian applications. The satellite can capture images for any location in Egypt. It will be used for many purposes, including the production and updating of maps. This research has been performed for the assessment of the suitability of EgyptSat‐1 images for the updating & production of planimetric city maps, testing the effect of the number and distribution of GCPs with various 2_D Polynomial rectification models on the accuracy of the resulting rectified images, as well as estimating the staff and time requirements for maps production for a case study area in Cairo, Egypt. Several experiments are conducted to choose the most suitable mathematical model for rectifying the Egyptian satellite images. The best model was found to be the second order polynomial using at least 15 control points with a uniform distribution. Digital maps & GIS database are developed from the satellite images for the study area and it is found that the Egyptian satellite images can be used efficiently for the updating and production of 1:25000 planimetric maps. These maps have a great importance in the planning, improvement, and development processes. There are many areas that are not covered by topographic or planimetric maps so it is important to use Egypt sat 1 for the production of these maps. Biography Dr. Yasser Sherif Elmanadili is the Professor of GIS & Remote Sensing, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University and a GIS /surveying/ remote sensing consultant. He has 25 years of experience in directing and participating in IT, GIS and remote sensing projects. Since 1985, he has worked in more than 100 GIS and remote sensing projects in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and UAE. He spent 2 years as a visiting scholar in the Center for Mapping, The Ohio State, U.S.A. He has supervised more than 30 M. Sc. and Ph. D. dissertations and published more than 25 conference and journal papers in the areas of GIS & remote sensing. Dr. Elmanadili is a GIS consultant of Global Geobits, Osman Group.
Biography Dr. Zeinab Wishahy, Professor of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing has followed her academic career in Faculty of Engineering, Cairo university since 1985 (her Ph.D degree) to 2002 (Professor degree) and until now 2010. She has introduced Remote Sensing and Geographic Information systems is the program of 2nd and 3rd year Civil Engineering for the undergraduate students in addition to preparing these courses to M.Sc and Ph.D degrees. She has supervised many researches and theses concerning the accuracy and error analysis of map production from satellite images. She has established the laboratory of Remote Sensing and
33 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
GIS in the Surveying department of faculty of engineering in 2003. Dr. Wishahy has shared and cooperated in many research projects during her work as consultant in the National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences NARSS from 1998 to 2002. She has published many papers about Area calculation from satellite imageries within the sub‐ pixel accuracy at the Centre National des Etudes Spatiales CNES (1996‐1998), and the International Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ISPRS (Rio de Janeiro 1984‐ Kyoto 1988) as a member of Working Group V/3. She has also participated and assisted many international conferences and symposiums all over the world (U.K 1982 – Japan 1988‐ Canada 1994 – France 1996 – Tunis 1998 – Cairo 1999‐ 2000………) She has been nominated from the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology to obtain the Australia Prize 1995 in the area of Remote Sensing.
Eng. Zahraa Mohamed Abd Al‐Rahman is a Surveying Engineer working for the Giza Utility Data Center in the Information system Department. She is doing after‐gradate studies in the application of Remote Sensing and GIS at Cairo university .She has 4 years experience in the application of Remote Sensing and GIS. Her area of interest is Remote Sensing Applications and GIS .She has received her B. Sc. in 2006 from the Shoubra Faculty of Engineering.
38 Title NAVSTAR SIMULATOR FOR SPACE‐BORN RECEIVERS
Author Hany Bekheit2, Research Engineer, NARSS Email: [email protected]` ABSTRACT In the process of developing a GPS receiver to install on‐board a satellite, the testing of receiver dynamics is a vital process. The GPS system dynamics is a direct result for mutual motion between NAVSTAR constellation satellites and GPS receivers' antennas. The problem for testing space‐born GPS receivers is to put the receiver in its real working conditions including high speed and the resulting Doppler effect, and noise. Most of the currently existing simulators for NAVSTAR satellites don't provide testing for Doppler shift that is necessary for testing the dynamics of the software of space‐born GPS receivers. Moreover, not all simulators provide testing with internal noise source. This paper presents the structure of a new NAVSTAR simulator. This simulator provides Doppler frequency shift that can be used to test space‐born receivers. In addition, the simulator has the capability to generate the required noise level at the receiver according to receiver's environment factors.
Biography Eng. Hany Bekhit Ottafy was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1976. He received a BSc honors degree in
34 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Communications and Electronic Engineering in 1999, and MSc in the area of satellite communications from the University of Ain Shams (in progress). In 2002, and still, he started working in the Egyptian Space Program at NARSS (Egyptian National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences) in the national project EgyptSat‐1 project. He participated in many activities throughout the project phases; design, assembly, and test of the satellite communications and navigation systems. In addition, he was selected to be a member in EgyptSat‐2 project system engineers’ team. In 2010, he received advanced training on satellites system engineering. His research interests include spread spectrum receivers, satellite communications systems, satellite navigation systems, digital signal processing, and radio frequency circuit design.
39 Title LIGHTENING PROTECTION SCHEME FOR EGYPT SAT‐I GROUND CONTROL STATION AFTER THUNDERSTORM LIGHTENING FAILURE Authors Fatma M. Elhefnawi1,2, Amal Zaki1,2,Ahmed A.Yousef11National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Cairo, Egypt 2Electronic Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT Lightning is a significant cause of interruptions or damage in almost every electrical or electronic system that is exposed to thunderstorms. Hence lightning protection systems have a remarkable record of satellite ground control station equipment failures. The ultimate goal is the elimination of potential system downtime in satellite ground control station. There are six elements that need to be in place to provide an effective lightning protection system. First, strike termination, where the necessity of grounding electrode system is essential. The second point is the bonding the interconnection of the lightning protection system to other internal grounded metallic systems. The third point is installation of the surge protection devices at every service entrance to stop the intrusion of lightning from utility lines. The fourth element is the equalization the potential between grounded systems during lightning events. The fifth element is the lightning protection components should be made from materials that are resistant to corrosion and they must be protected from accelerated deterioration. Last but not least is designing a system of air terminals where a zone of protection exists from any vertical strike termination device and more than that from a vertical fully protected building level. These six points were employed carefully in Egypt SAT‐I ground control station after exposure to two successive lightening strikes to avoid further another failure of the station. Biography Fatma M. Elhefnawi (B.Sc.67, M.Sc. 74, Ph.D.79) She was professor at Electronic Research institute and currently working as head of microwave and antennas engineering research group NARSS at the Egyptian Space Program and head of Antenna Dept. Her interests include antenna analysis and synthesis, numerical methods in antenna and arrays, also effects of microwave on dispersive media, in addition to some engineering biomedical applications.
35 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
40 Title ORBITAL SATELLITE POSITION DETERMINATION USING EARTH’S MAGNETIC FIELD Authors Ahmad Farrag , National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Since, Cairo, Egypt ABSTRACT This paper presents Low earth satellite orbital position determination using measurements of the earth magnetic field. An orbit state vector comprised of position and linear velocity states, ellipsoidal observer is used to estimate the satellite position and velocity. The algorithm uses a "measurement" of earth magnetic field magnitude. Consequently, this algorithm is independent of attitude information. Simulation results yielded an accurate estimation and a few kilometers of position estimation error Biography
41 Title PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATIONS OF EGYPTSAT‐1 ONBOARD RF CIRCUITS MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLY Authors Ahmed Hassan The national authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Space environment necessitates special treatment in manufacturing of the onboard equipments and especially the radio frequency circuits. This paper presents the precautions and preparations of manufacturing and hermitic assembly of the Egyptsat‐1 RF circuits in order to provide suitable environment for working probably taking into account the wide temperature variations and vacuum atmosphere.
Biography Ahmed Hassan Abdelaziz Abdelrahman received B.S. degree from Faculty of Engineering, Ain‐ Shams University – Cairo – Egypt in 2001, and he is a master student in the same college; field of research «Compact microstrip antenna analysis and design for satellite communication applications». From April 2003, he is a communication engineer in the Egyptian Space Program, in NARSS, Egypt. During August 2003 – August 2005, he was one of the Egyptian team who worked in JSC SRIRM RADMIR (a subsidiary of Scientific‐Research Institute of Radio Engineering Measurements, Joint‐Stock Company is a Ukraine's leading organization in the field of engineering and manufacture of a number of knowledge‐intensive space and ground segment products) for designing and manufacturing of RF transmitters and receivers of EgyptSat‐1 remote sensing satellite. During August 2005 – December 2007, he was one of the Egyptian engineers worked in Yuzhnoye Design Office (a leading Ukrainian space industry company) as satellite communication system and test engineer of EgyptSat‐1 project. From December 2007 to January 2007, he worked as a communication test engineer for EgyptSat‐1 prelaunch test at the launch site – Baikanour in Kazakstan. During April 2007 – August 2007, he was a member in the EgyptSat‐1 satellite commissioning committee in Ukraine. He was a member in the ground control station commissioning committee. And a member in the ground receiving station modification and commissioning committee. From April 2009, he is a
36 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
communication system engineer for EgyCubeSat‐1 project. He is now the Super High Frequency SHF Unit‐Chief.
42 Title SATELLITE TT&C MIXED SIGNAL PROCESSOR UNIT TESTING Authors Haitham Medhat Akah, The national authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt.(NARSS)
ABSTRACT Modern satellites systems tend to use mixed signal processor unit in implementing its TT&C subsystem. Such unit consisting of the following subunit: ADCs, DACs, DIOs, and FPGA and/or DSP processor. Although such configuration provides a great flexibility and power‐fullness in designing such subsystem, it also presents a great challenge in testing MSP unit. This paper presents some of the testing steps and method that is used in testing such units, starting from the subunit to the full unit testing.
Biography Dr. Haitham Medhat Akah was born in Egypt on 23/2/1977. He received the B.Sc. degree in 1999, M.Sc. degree in 2005 and Ph.D. degree in 2010 from the Faculty of Engineering, Ain‐ Shams University at Cairo, Egypt, in the field of electronic and communication. He is working as a designer at the space division of the National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Science (NARSS) since 2001. Participated in designing and lunching of the first remote sensing satellite Egyptsat‐1 in Ukraine, from 2002 to 2007. Working now as the head of TT&C subsystem designing team in NARSS. His fields of interest include communication systems, PCB design, mixed signal systems, neural networks, FPGA design and SoC.
43 Title URBAN SPATIAL GROWTH ANALYSIS: GREATER CAIRO CASE STUDY Authors Darwish, A.1 and Shakweer, A.2 The American University in Cairo, School of Business Science and Technology Development Fund, Planning and Monitoring Manager Email:[email protected] Email: [email protected],
ABSTRACT With a total area of more than 251 square kilometers (most of which is built up) and a population of more than 15 million inhabitants (as of 2004), Greater
Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA) is deemed the largest city in Africa and the Middle East. The continuous increase in population and the associated
37 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
informal development has resulted in a tremendous increase in built up area which consequently led to the severe damage of GCMA’s environment and urban fabric. This has dictated the need for urban planners’ intervention to manage future growth, the first step in that direction is to find the factors that govern the spatial growth in GCMA. The main objective of this study is to analyze the main spatial factors that shape the continuous urban growth. The factors that are considered in this study are: land price (P), distance from other land‐use (U), roads proximity (R); and distance from main landmarks (L), those were identified as the main factors worldwide. Three Landsat images of GCMA (taken in 1990, 2003 and 2005) were classified and compared together to identify newly built‐up areas. The first two images are used to identify the four constants (a, b, c and d) that influence each of the four factors. Those four constants are used to test the relation between the second and third images and if the relation between the four factors remains the same or not. Biography Ahmed Darwish is an urban planner, with a diversified experience, and his main specialization is GIS and remote sensing for urban planning applications. Ahmed holds a Ph.D. in computer science and information technology (image processing of satellite images to extract urban information) from the University Of Nottingham, UK, an MBA from Maastricht School of Management, the Netherlands and a B.Sc. in urban planning from Ain Shams University, Egypt. Ahmed worked in a number of projects at the international level, including a research project for the NATO (at the University of the Federal Armed Forces in Munich, Germany) and as a GIS consultant for the UNHABITAT, the General Authority for Physical Planning in Egypt, in a FAO project for building Seychelles Cadastre System and in a number of other projects in the region. Affiliation: Director, Institute of Quality Management, School of Business, the American University in Cairo.
44 Title ESTABLISHMENT OF A REGIONAL GIS DATA BASE FOR THE RED SEA AND GULF OF ADEN
Authors Ahmed Abdelrehim, Center for Environment and Development for the Arab Region and Europe (CEDARE) Email: [email protected] Abstract The coastal environment and marine ecosystems in the Red sea are facing many challenges which create additional threats to the local environment. The paper argues that regional environmental conservation projects may possibly achieve their designated objectives only if certain criteria are met. Among these criteria are the existence the sustainability of human and financial resources, meeting the countries environmental priorities and the basic agreement on data sharing mechanism. The Regional Convention for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment (PERSGA) established a shared regional GIS for use throughout the Region. Highest priority has been placed on strengthening national and
38 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
regional GIS capacity in the field of Integrated coastal zone and environmental management. The Centre for Environment and Development (CEDARE), a regional not‐for‐profit organization located in Cairo, was designated to assist PERSGA regarding the establishment and maintenance of the regional GIS database. The regional GIS database was used as a tool for decision‐making and management in coastal and marine environmental conservation, contributing to the timely and effective implementation of the SAP. The paper highlights the activities that were carried out to develop the GIS databases. In addition, it emphasises the development of the PERSGA regional GIS database project. The project has, to certain extent, succeeded in building the capacity to create, use and maintain a coastal resource inventory in each country. Dissemination of GIS data, however, despite of being a major objective, faced many challenges. Biography Ahmed Abdelrehim is the Regional Programme Manager in charge of the Knowledge Management Programme, Head of the Environmental Assessment and heading the climate Change, GIS and Remote Sensing Programme in the Centre for Environment and Development for The Arab Region and Europe (CEDARE). He has 23 years of experience in the field of environmental assessment, public participation, conflict management, GIS and spatial analysis, Remote Sensing and Decision Support Systems. He is leading the formulation and implementation of CEDARE's activities on environmental management, space technology applications, with main emphasis on various environmental assessments processes, geographic information system, Decision Support Systems and other related spatial information applications. He conducted policy research/studies and provided technical assistance to more than 22 countries. In the field of Environmental Assessment, he is the regional coordinator in charge of developing the North Africa State of the Environment Report (NASOER), Northern African Section of the Global Environment Outlook Reports (GEO1, GEO2, GEO3, GEO4) and Africa Environment Outlook reports (AEOI, AEOII). At the regional level, he is in charge of coordinating the development of the first Arab Environment outlook Report (AEOR) requested by the Ministers responsible for the Environment in the Arab region which was published on March 2010. At the national level, he assisted in developing a number of national SOE reports such as the first SOE report for Egypt and currently Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He also is the author of a number of global and regional Integrated Environmental Assessment publications, scientific and technical papers and training manuals. In the field of GIS and Remote Sensing, he was in charge of developing the regional GIS data for the Arab and Mediterranean region. Mr. Abdelrehim has also developed the first Arab region, North Africa and West Asia GIS and Remote Sensing Map servers. He is in charge of the development of North Africa and the Mediterranean spatial data server. He was the Regional coordinator for Establishment of a Regional GIS Data for the Conservation of the Environment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. He was the project manager for developing ICZM GIS system for Sudan. He assisted several countries in establishing GIS units in the Ministries of environment.
Mr. Abdelrehim is the chairman of Africa Data Working Group (Africa DWG) and the regional coordinator for Northern African region to implement the Africa Environment Information Network (AEIN). He is the project manager of many regional projects such as The Program for Increasing Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change in the Arab Region, Integrated Coastal Management for Sudan, Lake Maryout Integrated Management Project, Assessment of Spatial capabilities in Africa, Arab region Spatial Map server, Mediterranean GIS and Remote Sensing
39 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Map server, National Spatial Environmental Atlas for Libya, and Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Case study.
45 Title EMPLOYING UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS FOR ASSESSING CHANGES IN THE HYDROLOGICAL REGIME IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN Authors Manfred A. Lange, Energy, Environment and Water Research Center, The Cyprus Institute Nicosia, Cyprus; Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The utilization of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) has increased significantly during recent years. UASs are widely used for different earth‐sciences applications providing a link between in‐situ ground based measurements and satellite remote sensing observations. The Autonomous Flying Platforms for Atmospheric and Earth Surface Observations project (APAESO) of the Energy, Environment and Water Research Center (EEWRC) at the Cyprus Institute is aimed at the dual purpose of carrying out atmospheric and earth‐surface observations in the (Eastern) Mediterranean. We have acquired two CRUISERS (ET‐Air, Slovakia) as UAS platforms within APAESO. They will enable 3D measurements for determining physical, chemical and radiative atmospheric properties, aerosol and dust concentrations and atmospheric dynamics as well as 2D investigations into land management practices, vegetation and agricultural mapping, contaminant detection and the monitoring and assessment of hydrological parameters and processes of a given region at high spatial resolution. The paper will briefly describe the different components of the project: the UAS platform, payloads to be integrated and major scientific missions to be carried out with an emphasis on planned investigations of (a) cloud‐aerosol interactions and precipitation and on (b) contaminant detection in water reservoirs through multi‐spectral imaging.
Biography Manfred A. Lange received a PhD in Geophysics from the University of Kiel, Germany in 1980. After a two‐year post‐doctoral fellowship at the Californian Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California, USA, he held a position as staff scientist at the Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) in Bremerhaven, Germany. From 1992 to 1995, he was the Director of the Arctic Centre at the University of Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. Between 1995 and 2007, Manfred Lange held a full professorship in Geophysics and was the Director of the Institute for Geophysics at the University of Münster, Germany. Since 1998, he was also the Director of the Center for Environmental Research (CER; ZUFO). Since September 2007, he is the founding Director of the Energy, Environment and Water Research Center of the Cyprus Institute in Nicosia, Cyprus. His main research interests center around the assessment of climate change impacts and the specification of possible mitigation and adaptation strategies with a particular focus on natural resources and ecosystem services (e.g., energy and water).
40 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
46 Title INTERNATIONAL SPACE WEATHER INITIATIVE (ISWI) Authors Joseph M. Davila, Nat Gopalswamy, and Barbara Thompson, NASA‐Goddard Space Flight Center
Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The International Heliophysical Year (IHY), an international program of scientific collaboration to understand the external drivers of planetary environments, has come to an end. The IHY was a major international event of great interest to the member States, which involved the deployment of new instrumentation, new observations from the ground and in space, and an education component. We propose to continue the highly successful collaboration between the heliophysics science community and the United Nations Basic Space Science (UNBSS) program. One of the major thrust of the IHY was to deploy arrays of small instruments such as magnetometers, radio antennas, GPS receivers, all‐sky cameras, particle detectors, etc. around the world to provide global measurements of heliospheric phenomena. The United Nations Basic Space Science Initiative (UNBSSI) played a major role in this effort. Scientific teams were organized through UNBSS, which consisted of a lead scientist who provided the instruments or fabrication plans for instruments in the array. As a result of the this program, scientists from UNBSS member states now participate in the instrument operation, data collection, analysis, and publication of scientific results, working at the forefront of science research. As part of this project, support for local scientists, facilities and data acquisition is provided by the host nation. In addition, support at the Government level is provided for local scientists to participate. Building on momentum of the IHY, we propose to continue the highly successful collaboration with the UNBSS program to continue the study of universal processes in the solar system that affect the interplanetary and terrestrial environments, and to continue to coordinate the deployment and operation of new and existing instrument arrays aimed at understanding the impacts of Space Weather on Earth and the near‐Earth environment. Toward this end, we propose a new program, the International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI).
Biography Joseph Michael Davila is currently as Astrophysicist in the Solar Physics Branch at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Born December 30, 1948, Dr. Davila earned a BS in Mechanical Engineering from Lamar University, Beaumont, TX in 1972, a BS in Physics from the University of California, Irvine in 1978 and a PhD in Astronomy from the University of Arizona in 1982. He is a member of the American Astronomical Society, the American
41 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
Geophysical Union and the International Astronomical Union. His research interests have included the linear and non‐linear theory of hydromagnetic waves; hydromagnetic instabilities due to energetic particle beams, resonance absorption in inhomogeneous plasmas, the acceleration of high speed wind streams in solar and stellar coronal holes, and plasma heating in closed magnetic structures. Dr. Davila has also published research on the acceleration of cosmic rays, the transport of energetic, particles within the Galaxy, the modulation of Galactic cosmic rays by the solar wind and the propagation of solar cosmic rays in the interplanetary medium. Dr. Davila was Principal Investigator for the Solar Extreme‐ultraviolet Research Telescope and Spectrograph (SERTS), he was the Project Scientist for STEREO, and is the lead scientist for COR1 on the STEREO mission, and Co‐I on the Hinode and Solar orbiter missions.
47 Title EGYPT‐NOAA COOPERATION: ADVANCING OUR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND EDUCATION Authors Terrance Onsager, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Space Weather Prediction Center
Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) utilizes a broad array of space‐based and ground‐based technology to understand and predict changes in Earth’s environment, supporting citizens, planners, and emergency managers around the world. NOAA’s science‐based efforts extend from the surface of the sun to the depths of the ocean floor. By focusing on complementary programs, cooperation with Egypt will provide an opportunity to enhance our understanding of changes occurring in Earth’s environment and our ability to mitigate natural as well as man‐made environmental impacts. Topics of interest include: improving the prediction of severe weather and climate, assessing environmental impacts on coral health, using satellite remote sensing to forecast harmful algal blooms, using remote sensing to support marine spatial planning, linking students and scientists in environmental collaborations, improving satellite‐based measurements of vegetation health and changes in agricultural production, and establishing a space weather capability to understand and mitigate disturbances in satellite‐ based communication and navigation. Through expanded Egypt‐NOAA cooperation, progress can be made in numerous science, technology, and education areas, leading to a better understanding of our changing environment and a stronger scientific foundation for effective decision making. Biography Dr. Terrance Onsager is a staff member of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Space Weather Prediction Center. He is the Deputy Program Manager for NOAA’s Space Weather Program, and he currently is on a one‐year assignment as the Middle East and Saudi Arabia Program Analyst in the National Weather Service International Activities Office. Dr. Onsager’s scientific interests include understanding the near‐Earth radiation environment and utilizing research advances to improve the operational
42 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
predictability of extreme space weather. He currently serves as co‐chair of the World Meteorological Organization Inter‐Programme Coordination Team for Space Weather and Vice‐Chair of the Committee on Space Research Panel on Space Weather. Recent efforts include coordinating the capabilities and priorities of international space weather organizations to improve space weather services. Activities in Egypt include numerical weather prediction training and supporting climate studies.
48 Title SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING FOR EGYPTIAN ARCHAEOLOGY: POSSIBILITIES AND POTENTIAL Authors Sarah Parcak, Department of History and Anthropology The University of Alabama at Birmingham,
Email:[email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper will discuss the numerous ways satellite remote sensing has contributed to our understanding of ancient Egyptian landscapes, landscape processes, and associated ancient settlements ranging from 3000 BC‐1000AD. The author, since 2001, has used a combination of satellites (including Corona, ASTER, SPOT, Landsat, Quickbird, and WorldView) as well as remote sensing algorithms (on multispectral and hyperspectral imagery) to detect sites and features in diverse parts of Egypt in conjunction with ground work in the Delta, Middle Egypt, Sinai, and Pyramid fields. This paper will discuss the potential of different sensor systems and ground truthing techniques , as well as the need to create a methodology for satellite remote sensing for Egyptian archaeology. The paper will also discuss the problems of urbanization, pollution, and site looting across the globe, and related implications for the future of archaeology in Egypt.
49 Title A FRAMEWORK FOR MODELING THE NILE BASIN USING EGYPTSAT1 DATA
Authors Sherif, A. O., and El Quosy, D. Faculty of engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
ABSTRACT The river Nile provides almost 95% of Egypt ‘s water budget. Most of this amount (80%+) is used by the agriculture sector and also feeds the shallow aquifer under the cultivated Delta and Nile valley. Egypt population rose from about 2.5 million at the beginning of the 19th century to 22 Millions in the
43 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
1950s to more than 80 millions in 2010 and is expected to rise above 100 millions in 2020, therefore raising a serious situation of water stress. In addition, the Nile Basin countries are now having serious differences and are heading towards a probable conflict.
The Nile Basin is about 2.9 million Km2 and extends from Lake Tanganyika south (Lat ‐4o) to the Mediterranean north (Lat 31o) over 35o Latitude, with length of 6700 km linking the equatorial and tropical realm to palaearctic (Mediterranean) realm. The basin is shared by ten countries. It may be divided into main three areas, the Equatorial lakes, the Sudd region and the Ethiopian Highlands. Most of the water reaching Egypt comes from the Ethiopian Highlands. The basin spans a spectrum of climates, vegetation types, landforms and land uses.
The Nile basin climate system is very complicated. It may be classified into five main zones; the Equatorial Lakes Plateau, The Ethiopian Monsoonal high Lands; the Central Sudan Semiarid, the Saharan and the Mediterranean Coastal Semi‐arid zones. Modifications caused by local topography and wind systems are usually super imposed.
Variability of the river discharge observed during the past century may be attributed to a wide range of multi‐scale natural and anthropological processes. Among these are the complex interaction among localized convective heating, the passage of easterly waves westwards over the Blue Nile and the middle catchment, the extent and timing of the seasonal migration of the ITCZ, the association with El Nino ENSO events, Regional land cover changes due to land degradation‐desertification‐deforestation and the associated changes in surface Albedo. Climatic changes may also contribute either positively or negatively to this water stress situation with wide margin of uncertainty as expressed in the IPCC 3rd and 4th reports. This necessitates the
use of all possible means to understand how to maximize the utilization of the positive effects and minimization or mitigation of the negative ones.
The use of climate change models in the medium / long range and weather forecast models for the shorter range is of great utility for such cause. These models rely heavily on both space data, atmospheric and ground observation data. A Regional Model for the Nile Basin which utilizes the now available EgyptSat1 Remote Sensing Satellite Data, the HRPT receiving station (NOAA) in addition to other Satellites, atmospheric and ground Observations is a
44 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
requirement.
This paper presents a framework for developing such a model. The framework was developed based on the modeling expertise gained during the past 10 years and the subject matter expertise of the Water resources. It discusses the requirements to develop the regional model such as topographic maps, slopes, LST, SST, Albedo…, the methodologies to test EgyptSat1 data for suitability to this cause, and to validate the model outputs. Historical Data indicating the contribution of each sub basin to the main course of the river Nile will contribute to the base line data to the model. Spatial and temporal Data variability will define the behavior of the water cycle staring from evaporation/evapo‐transpiration‐formation of cloud‐precipitation until it reaches rivers and freshwater lakes as ultimate runoff.
Such model will be useful for providing short term forecasts useful for EWS for Flood/draught cases, assessing waterfalls, water runoffs, evaporation from water body surface and evapo‐transpiration from vegetated surfaces. It could also help to assess different scenarios for water Management or evaluation of possible potentials and/or dangers. UKMO
Biography
Biographies of Workshop Organizers: Biography Prof. Mohamed B. Argoun is currently professor of Aerospace Systems Dynamics and Control at the Aerospace Department, Cairo University. During the period 1997‐2007 he was Director of the Egyptian Space Program, Head of the Space Sciences and Strategic Studies Division at the National Authority of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences and Manager of Egyptsat‐1 satellite project. Prior to joining Cairo University from 1988 to 1997 Dr. Argoun was professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (1983‐1988) and worked at Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. where he was a specialist in Nuclear Reactor Safety. Dr. Argoun research interests are in Systems Control Theory where he published over 40 scientific papers and small satellite design which he is currently interested in. Prof. Argoun is actively interested in development of small satellites and their technology and applications in developing countries and in particular in Africa and the Arab World. He wrote many articles in the field including a book (in Arabic) entitled: Outer Space and its Peaceful Uses (published by: Alaam Al Maarefa, Kuwait) Marsha S. Goldberg is a Senior Fellow at the Association of American Geographers (AAG) where she is developing programs for training and outreach in the area of sustainable urban development and management. She is also an organizer of this Workshop “Space Technology and GeoInformation for Sustainable Development.” In 2006, while at the U.S. Department of State, she organized a similar workshop in Amman, Jordan to provide training and promote
45 Workshop on Space Technology and Geoinformation for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt 14‐17 June 2010
information exchange on the use of geospatial technologies and geoinformation to improve the efficiency of urban infrastructure services in the Middle East North Africa Region. Prior to joining AAG, Dr. Goldberg was a Director of Environmental and Social Assessment at the Millennium Challenge Corporation. In 2004‐2006 She was a AAAS Diplomay Fellow at the U.S. Department of State. She holds a doctorate in City and Regional Planning from the University of Pennsylvania Suzanne Parete‐Koon is an organizer of this workshop. She was the 2009 American Institute of Physics U.S. Department of State Fellow. During her fellowship she served as a Physical Science Officer for Office of Space and Advanced Technology and work to develop and sustain collaborative science endeavors between U.S. agencies and their international counterparts. She received a Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 2008 from the University of Tennessee and is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Her research centers on using computational modeling to probe the science of stellar explosions. Dr. Fernando R. Echavarria is a Foreign Affairs Officer in the U.S. Department of State’s Office of Space & Advanced Technology in the Bureau of Oceans, Environment and Science (OES/SAT). His portfolio at the State Dept. is focused on science and technology cooperation, with an emphasis on the applications of geospatial and renewable energy technologies to address sustainable development. He was the State Department lead for the Geographic Information for Sustainable Development (GISD) initiative, a U.S. deliverable to the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa held in 2002. He currently works closely with public and private stakeholders promoting the development of geothermal energy resources in the African Rift Valley and South America. Recently he has developed a program to apply decision support tools, using geospatial technologies, to improve the efficiency of infrastructure services for urban populations in countries in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region.
46