V I R G I L

I N E N G L I S H V E R S E

— E CL OGUE S an d E NE ID I . VI .

B Y TH E

W RIGHT HON . SIR CHA RLES BO EN

’ ONE OF H E R MAJ EST Y S LORDS J U ST ICES OF APPEAL ON CE FELLOW AND N O W VI S I T OR OF BALLI O L C OLLE GE

H O D. L O TH E NI VERS I Y O O ORD C . . U X N . F T F F

HON . D . O THE U N IVERS I Y O E D I NB RGH LL . F T F U

SE CON D E DITION

LONDON

J O HN M Y A L B E M A RL E T E ET U RRA , S R

1 889

a A l l. r i g h t s w w r v ml wi o q

fi g ?

PRIN TED BY

‘ - SPO ISWOODE AN D CO . N EW S REE S U RE TT , T T Q A LON DON

E P R E F A C .

A TRANSLATOR of Virgil into E n glish verse finds the road along w hich he has undertaken to travel strewn with the bleachin g bones of unfortunate pilgrims who have pre c ede d him Th a o f e . e adventures an d the f te the great r number have been briefly set forth in an essay published by the late Profes sor Conington in the Quar terly Review of J uly 1 86 1 , and reprinted in the first volume of his m iscellaneous

w s . T ZEn eid riting hat a translation of the , to be of any real an d e E permanent valu , must be in itself an nglish poem , T is an axiom to which few w ill take exc eption . hat the E nglish poem in its turn should be a translation , and not

e m rely a paraphrase , is a condition singularly hard to fulfil

e in the case of an original poet who , like Virgil , pres nts exceptional obstacles even to prose translators . Owing to

f e the di ficulty of satisfying these two apparently simpl tests , most Virgili an v er sifiers h ave perished in the wilderne s s . D i ry den , whose rendering is the noblest and most mascul ne — of all for the ill-fated E arl of Surrey has bequeathed to [6] PRE FA CE — modern times two books of the ZEn eid only scarcely give s

H has his us more than a paraphrase . e taken Virgil into

a e e th e powerful gr sp , crush d him into atom s , and r produced

w fragments in a form hich , though not devoid of genius , is

’ Th e no longer Virgil s . silver trumpet has disappeared ,

z and a manly strain is breathed through bron e . N ext

’ ’ D a D to ryden s in poetic l merit , superior to ryden s in

the e scholarship and precision , comes , perhaps , v rse trans

. h lation of the E neid by Professor Conington . T e sub stitu

tion of the manner an d metre of Sir Walter Scott for th e

m anner an d metr e of the Roman poet inflicts upon th e

e e e r ad r , it is tru , at the very outset , a shock from which it is

not e asy to r ecov er ; yet when the first s ensation of de spair i and novelty is past , a strong and last ng sense is borne in upon

’ th e Con in ton s e a student , as he progresses , of g gr at liter ry

’ skill , and of the finished accuracy with which Virgil s points

ea z e d e and m ning are sei d , un erstood , and r nder ed . But

the sweet and solemn majesty of the ancient form is wholly

A a e gone . ll th t is l ft is what Virgil might have w ritten if “ ” the [Eneid had been a poem of th e charact er of Marmion

or th e Lay of the Last Minstrel .

To the a e e e the two xiom s or conditions abov r ferr d to ,

second of which has not been p erfe ctly observed eith er by

D e b C ryd n or v onington , it is a grave question whether a

third ought not to be added . An e ducat e d E nglishm an

has in his Virgil a book upon which he has been fed from PRE FA CE [7]

’ H e his boyhood upwards . undr ds of Virgil s lines are for

most of us familiar quotations , which linger in our memory ,

e and round which our literary associations clust r and hang , just as religious feeling clings to well -known texts or pas f Th sages o Scripture . e charm of such associations cannot be e preserved in a translation , unl ss upon fit occasions a

n E e correspondi g nglish line , pointed and complet in itself,

e e - can take , howev r imperfectly , the plac of the well known

. To original satisfy this requirement , Virgil ought to be

a lin eall . Th transl ted more or less y , as well as literally e

e e P an d D d o heroic m tr of ope ryden cannot this , nor can the ordinary blank verse of ten syllables . The Virgilian

e d line is too long to be represent d or reproduce in either .

A th e ballad metre for Virgil is , on other hand , out of the — . E w question nglish hexameters , mean hile the vehicle of

’ “ ” ’ “ L E C B e ongfellow s vangeline , of lough s othi , and ,

’ ! i e A first in metrical value of the three , of ngsl y s ndro - Th m e da have never become popular . e late Lord D erby

—“ ’ 9 L condemns them as a pestilent heresy . ess impetuous critics will probably prefer to ab stain from despairing of a metre w hich has be en so little the subj e ct of experiment

n M a d a . W e Mr . e l bour ith his usual delicate perc ption , atth w

A e th e E a rnold observ d , many years ago , that nglish hex meter contained in its elf resources that might yet be de velo ed a p fruitfully , and there can b e little question but th t

L r the genius of ord Tenny son or of M . Swinburne would [8] PRE FA CE make of the English hexameter—even in a prolonged poem

e et . mor than has as y been deemed possible Still , there is on e feature in its structure and formation w hich pre — sents a considerable barrier the cadence of the final foot

w w v w of two syllables , hich , hate er its beauties and hatever m its advantages in a more elodious language , appears to

require (in English use) rhyme to prevent it from be

et w w coming tedious , and y hich it ould be impossible to

m e treat in rhyme , even if the atte pt were not c rtain to

result in a med iaeval j ingle .

In the present v olume an efiort has been made to

accommodate the genuine hexameter to English purposes by

shortening the final dissyllabic foot into a foot of a single

Th e u m a e syllable . p re classical hexameter y be illustrat d

by a v erse w hich the poet Coleridge has left behind for an E nglish specimen

’ i n In the hexameter rises the founta n s silvery colum .

e e I have discard d the final dissyllabl , and put in place of it — a single syllabl e only a process w hich w ould c onvert the Coleridgian line into the following

’ In the hexameter rises the fountain s silvery spray .

The e alteration giv s us a verse capable , amongst other

w . A advantages , of being easily dealt ith in rhyme lthough v a translation in rhyme in olves embarrassing necessities , it

cannot be deni e d that habit has taught an English c ar to PREFA CE [9] extract a pleasure from rhyme which is appreciable and R valuable . hyme adds to our sense of adjustment and of

the nicety , and awakens in the reader an interest in for tunes and succ e ss of each single line which reacts usefully on the industry and care of the translator . — That the metre so produced though inferior to the classical hexameter and shorn of a syllable w hich in the original Latin is both an element of beauty and a s —i s ource of sustained strength nevertheles s a fine one , fl susceptible of varied treatment , full of exibility , capable o f rising to real grandeur , no failure of mine to manipulat e it will ever make me doubt . In the hand s of a great

v ersification w master of it ould be a powerful instrument .

That it preserves the orderly and majestic movement of the

Roman hexameter it is not possible to claim ; nor can the cadence and c aesura of the classical model be consistently

d . L L E imitated or observe atin is atin , and not nglish .

Mr P . C e ure hexameters , moreover , as alv rley points out ,

th e e the a“re beyond reach of our more rugged languag , and quantity of w ords cannot by any amount of car e be

d e E regulate with the sam precision in nglish as in Latin .

Tw o cons onants following a single vow el are sufficient in — — Latin except in certain specific cases to make the syllabl e E — long . nglish poetry never has been written could not

— e indeed be written o n so musical a plan . W must take

a i w a our tongue s t is , and all that can be done in the y of [ l o ] PREFA CE quantitative purism is perhaps to att end with fastidious E care to the cultivated pronunciation of nglish words , and to ob serve such differenc e s as a traine d s ense consid ers

In en d e . of importance . the the ear must judg

Th e pres ent volum e has b een composed during such int ermitt ent leisure from judicial work as I have b een

e e able to utilis e in the last s v n years . It contains the

E an d six B jE n eid—a clogues the first ooks of the fragment ,

a the e E d which , lthough a half only of ntire Virgilian nei , may neverth eless be considere d as possessing a c ertain

h I m a complet eness in its elf. I Ope that if live I y finish

k b e my tas y publishing , in the same metr , the remaining

ZEn id books of the e and the Georgics .

N o vember 1887 . ILLUSTRATION S.

THE YOU N G MARCE LLUS Fr on tisp iec e

M A P OF TH E VOYAGE OF ZE N E As to f ace p ag e 182

ARGU ME NT

Th e a e o f hi i i is e an d th e so ie s of th e ic i s b ttl P l pp ov r , ld r v tor ou

T ium i a e are S ea in th e ain s o f N r h e n I a seiz in u n r v r t pr d g over pl o t r t ly , g po

th e a m s h a h a e een a e t o h em an d e ria in th e c on f r t t v b llott d t , xprop t g o

h ld in h n m i m his an s . Meliboeu s e i e o a i a s t o a e p t , forc d l ke ot r b t t gr t fro

h m e is w an e in w a s th e n ie w i h his a s w h en h e n s o , d r g to rd fro t r t go t , fi d th e h a Tit rus e in u n is u e sse ssion o f h is an s and sin in ppy y l ft d t rb d po l d , g g

Tit ru e ain s h love son gs u n der a beech tre e . y s xpl t at h e h as b een t o

om an d se en th e h o o f th e h u u s us w h om h e h as een R e er o r (Aug t ), by b

m ee m an an d c n m e in th e c u a i n f hi l m ade a fr d o fir d oc p t o o s o d far .

M eliboeu s ess n a is a u sa t o su e h is u n e but is , l fortu te , bo t dly pur jo r y ,

Ti ru s t o re s f r th e n i h at his a h in vite d by ty t o g t c ott ge by t e w ay . An E n glish reader n ee d h ardly be rem in de d th at Virgil does n ot in ten d Hi h h in his E c logu es t o im itate p astoral life . s s ep erd s an d sh eph erde ss e s

’ h a n o m e c aim to ea i h an Sh a es ea e s O e o n an d Ti an ia o r ve or l r l ty t k p r b r t ,

’ ” i n d e e o f h e i e c i in ! ea s s e n i n rn th e pr est a p opl t l ttl ty t Od o a Grec a U . Th e y are but th e m aterial be lon gin g t o still old er art w h ich th e poet h as

’ i i en e a i n aw a u n h l taken to w ork u pon . V rg l s g r t o s ro d t em o n al side s th e s en i o uc s o f i e a an d m a e ia art : e uisi m h ies pl d d pr d t l t r ry t r l xq te yt olog ,

o e n e a e e en et a chi ec u e s a es ain in s ases em p try u qu ll d v y , r t t r , t tu , p t g , v ,

i e ie s em s an d n am en s h a w e e th e i h o f th e a e . To bro d r , g , or t t t r del g t g

e o u c e in i e a u e th e c h arm o f h is an e e en w o f e a an d r pr d l t r t r t t c d t orld b uty , t o utilise th e c omm on literary an d in tellectual as sociation s con n ec ted w ith

it w as th e n a a n c i n of a en iu s . W e see th e e ss in Ca s , tur l fu t o g proc tullu , in i i in i n an d in ! a s as w e sh u e ss se e it if w e h ad V rg l , M lto , e t , o ld doubtl , an e u a n i in H om e an d in Th e i s for th e i in s o f i e q l opportu ty , r ocr tu or g l t ra u e e e e i e th e ain w as w e a ach an d th e a ie s n w n t r r c d , l k r bo , ppro ; e rl t k o

o e h as w e m a su e a ea e en a hin in s m e is an an d n s e n p t , y be r , lr dy b b t g o d t t u e

’ Cas a ia. In i i s E c ue s sc en e an d d ramatis erso n a; are a i e t l V rg l log , ry p l k

a i c ia . c a ia Th s sa Sic i L m a n u n ish a c o n v en rt fi l Ar d , e ly , ly , o b rdy , o ly f r

tio n al o u n o n w hic h th e o e m es w i h ac e s as ain as h se f gr d , p t ov t p d ty t o o a. m in u e in o u in m im e to im e ace u a si n s t o h im se an d t , tr d c g fro t t gr f l llu o lf,

t o h is o w n im e t .

Th e e se-n um e in at th e h ea of each a e h h h u th v r b r g d p g , bot t roug o t e

’ E c u s n d h E n i i D o e a t e e is in c an w h . ! n n e s i i n f l g d , ac ord ce t r e dy ed t o o

1 88 1 . E L E I O OGU .

TITYR US

TITYRU S. MELIBCEU S

M E LIB GEU S

’ Tit ru s Thou , my y , under a beech tree s broadening shade

Tun est a slender reed to a song of the wild wood glade

ow n c orn field s w We from our dear land and her sweet must a ay ,

n Flying from home . In the shadow recli ed thou passest the day ,

Teaching the forest echoes the fair Amaryllis to praise .

T ITYRU S

! i o Ah to a god , Mel b cus , we owe these halcyon days

In these eyes he w ill ever be God ; o n his altar divine

Often a tender lamb shall bleed from a sheep -c o t o f mine

’ Tis of his grace my cattle are roaming yonder the plains ,

I v on a reed of the meadow may pipe my fa ourite strains . 1 1 —2 6 TH E E CL O G UES I .

M E LIB CE U S

fo r E nvy I bear thee none , though I marvel much unrest

Reaches as far as the meadows around us . Feebly at best

- These she goats I am driving , and lead one laggard behind . — Here in the thick -grown hazels sh e dropped last hope of a flo ck

l u Two youn g kid ings lately , alas , on the sca r of the rock

s w This w a the sorro that often , had I been wiser inclined ,

Oaks by the lightning rent , I remember , warned me to mind .

- ’ did Oft from the holm oak s hole on the left a raven portend .

Ti ru s t d . Yet , my y , tell us the god thou callest a frien

T ITYRU S

as Rome , the people name her , I fancied , fool that I am ,

oc — Like this town , Melib us , of ours where many a lamb

Goes from our shepherd folds new weaned . So used I to note

Puppies resembled the hound , and the kids their mother the goat .

So was I always wonted to measure the great by the small .

Yonder imperial city her crest uplifts above all ,

w i As among ays de saplings the giant cypresses show .

M E LIB CE U S

‘ What was the mighty occasion that Romeward called thee to g o 2

- 6 6 TH E ECLOG UES I . 4 4 3

Here from his lips first fell the reply My children , in peace

Feed as of old your cattle , and rear your bulls to increase .

M E LtB CE U S

o ld Blest man Thy fields will be left thee then , and indeed

Ample enough to content thee , although bare stone overlie

E very pasture strew n with the mud and the marshland reed .

s No unaccustomed gras es will poison the ewes as they breed ,

Never contagion spread from the flock that is browsing nigh .

- l Here , by the well known streams , and the hal owed springs , it shall still

Thine be to drink cool draughts of refreshin g shade to thy fill

as u Here , aforetime ever , the hedge on the bo ndary line ,

ae Feeding Hybl an bees upon willow blossoms of thine ,

w Oft shall woo thee to sleep with its gentle hisper , and long

hi Under his upland rock shall the dresser carol s song .

a - w Nor shall the ho rse wood pigeons the hile , thy pets , nor the dove

n Cease from a plai tive cooing in high elm branches above .

T ITYRU S

i - Yea , and the l ght limbed stags shall be sooner fed upon air ,

sea fi sh Sooner the on its beaches the leave stranded and bare ,

Araris s Outcasts each upon alien shores , by the tream

w his Parthian d ell , on the Tigris the German water team ,

i Ere from remembrance of ours his benignant look s efiac e d . 6 —8 TH E 1 . 4 3 ECLOG UES

M E LIB (E U S

’ see Wanderers we some fated to parched Africa s waste ,

’ c thia s ax S y wilds , and the Cretan O es in torrents whirled

’ Some , far Britain s people , remote from the habited world .

Ah shall I ever again , as the years roll onward , behold

’ - old 9 Home s dear fields , this cot with its turf thatched roof as of — See what is left of my kingdom a few poor oats in the grain 9

Over the sods I have turned shall a lawless soldiery reign ,

Barbarous legions reap Is it hither that long Discord

Leads our land Have we sown these fields for an alien horde '

M eliboeu s Go , , engraft thy pears , thy vineyard array

— so — Hence , my goats poor flock that was once happy away

w Never again , in the hollo of some green cavern at rest ,

’ l i to ou f Shal I behold ye , cling ng y cli f s briary breast

n o Songs more shall I sing ye with me no more shall ye rove ,

Browsing the cytisus blossoms , and bitter willows ye love .

T ITYRU S

Yet thou mightest at least for the night in my cottage res t

s Couched upon branches green . We have apples ripe of the be t

s . Chestnuts mealy , and plentiful cheese from the new milk pres ed

- sk See in the distance already the roof stacks smoke to the y ,

i Lengthening shadows fall from the mountain ran ge s on h gh . ARGUMEN T

The sh h e C n h as set h is h ea n th e ien shi o f e is ep rd orydo rt upo fr d p Al x ,

w h o as th e a i e s a e of I a his m as e s n s th e a a c es of so , f vour t l v oll , t r, cor dv n

C n m ain . h umble an admirer . orydo c o pl s ECLOGUE II .

C ORYDON

Corydon humble shepherd , the lovely Alexis adored

Could not look to be honoured o f one so dear to his lord

Still to the beeches thick , and the treetops heavy with shade ,

Daily he came , and alone to the mountain and listening glade

Poured in a fruitless longing the simple songs he had made

Cruel Alexis are all o f my songs passed heedlessly by ?

2‘ Wilt thou never have pity , but drive thy lover to die

E ven the cattle n ow of the shade and the cool are in quest ;

s E merald lizards hide in the thornwood thicket at re t .

Th e st lis n ow su n y for the reapers , who flag in the furious

t ss . Bruises the hyme and the garlic , her fragrant gra es , in one

an d s i th Only the husky cicalas I , t ll tracking y feet ,

s h eat . Waken the vineyard echoes from leep , in the noonday 1 1 — IO TH E ECLOG UES 1 . 4 3 5

f Better to su fer , methinks , Amaryllis in angriest air ,

t o Men alcas t o Better her humours proud endure , or bear ,

Dark though he be of complexion , and thou all snowily fair

to o — Trust not , beautiful one , fair cheeks blindly , for mark

White hedge flowers we abandon , to gather the hyacinth dark .

Thou dost scorn me , Alexis , nor carest about me to know ,

How I am wealthy in sheep , and in milk that is white as the snow

Ewe -lambs mine by the thousand the mountains of Sicily roam

Neither in summer nor winter does new milk fail me at home .

b e Ditties I sing , that he sang when folded nightly his sheep ,

’ ’ Dirc e s Arac n th s . great Amphion , on y Actian steep

N or am I all ill -shaped I beheld me of late in the sea

When wind lulled its waters were laid , and if only there be

Truth in the mirror , and thou our j udge , no Daphnis I fear .

Would that it pleased thee in these poor haunts and in lowliness here

Under my cottage roof to abide , now hunting the deer,

Driving now with a mallow of green our kids to the lea !

Pan w h . Thou shalt rival at song great , in the forest it me

Pan w as the first musician with wax w h o taught us to bind

Reed upon reed ; great Pan to the flock and the shepherd is kind .

Nor if the reeds have wounded thy lip , stay thou to repine

‘ Am n tas 2 What did y pay , to possess these secrets of mine 11 6 - TH E I I . 3 57 ECLOGUES

o I have a pipe that of old Dam etas gave me , a prize

Fashioned of hemlock stalks they are seven , of varying size .

is . Dying he said It thine , since thou to thy master art next

m n So Damoetas spake and the foolish A y tas was vexed . — Two you ng roes of the mountain besides I found them remote

Hid in a perilous glen , with white still dappled their coat

Twice each day each feeds from a ewe—I have kept them for thee

The st lis Long has y asked to possess them , and hers shall they be ,

Since thou thinkest but little of all gift s offered by me .

ul ! Beautif one , come hither For thee , look , nymphs of the glade m Bring full baskets of lilies ; and one fair Naiad has ade ,

Gathering violets pale , and the poppies tall , by the way ,

o f an ethu s Posies scented in flower , and daffodils gay

Then with casia tw ining the grasses sweet of the dells

w Brightens ith marigold yellow the bending hyacinth bells .

Quinces myself will bring with a down of delicate white ,

Chestnuts in w hich my love Amaryllis used to delight

— — w Waxen plums shall be honoured the fruit thou lovest as ell .

t o o w Ye , bays , will I pluck , and. the myrtles near ye that d ell

Planted together , for sweetly beside each other ye smell .

t o ff ! Corydon , thou art poor and gifts indi erent he

Still were Iolla the winner , in gifts if challenged of thee . 8— 1 2 TH E ECLOGUES 1 1 . 5 7 3

! Misery what am I after As lost in sorrow I sing ,

Winds break loose on my flowers , and the wild boar into the spring

Why dost foolishly fly me ? The gods too dwelt in the glade

w . Once , ith the Troj an Paris Let Pallas , cities that made ,

i Live herself in her cit es . Be ours in the woods to delight

Lioness chases the wolf, wolf follows the goat in her flight

Frolicking sh e -goat roves to the cytisus flower to be fed ;

Corydon follows Alexis so each by his liking is led .

Homeward , behold , inverted the share comes drawn by the steer

Double the lengthening shadows become , for sunset is near ;

Love still burns in my bosom ; can love know measure or rest 9

h ! Corydon , ah what madness thy simple soul as possessed

Half unpruned thy vine On an elm too leafy it lies ;

Better finish betimes , for the use of the hour as it flies ,

One of thy baskets of reeds and of lissom withies entwined ;

i If one lover be cruel , another s easy to find .

ARGUMENT

Men al s n d D am oe s h n in e h an o f c a a a t w o e sm n m e . f e a t , rd e , e t A t r t rc ge r s i au n s an d in i i i ies h e a re t o sin for a w a e a ain s e a h u t c t t c v l t , t y g e g g r g t c

h e a aem n w h o is assin t o be m i e . Th e c m e i o s h an ot r, P l o , p g , u p r o p t t r c t a e n a u e s an d at th e en d o f th e m a h Paleem o n sses h im lt r te co pl t , tc profe

self un able t o decide .

’ m im en t o i i i s ien an d a n w h o is a e A co pl t Poll o, V rg l fr d p tro , po t him sel as w e as a en e a is n em e e am n th e in es an d f ll g r l , fou d b dd d o g l ,

each o f h e i a s s h m in e s . t r v l close t e encoun ter w ith a. c on undru v r e ECLOGUE III.

PALE M ON

M M E N ALCA S. DAM (E TA S. PALZE ON

M E N ALCA S

’ o ? Meliboeu s s Whose is the flock , Dam etas Are yon sheep

DA M CETA S

’ ZE on s E . Nay , they are g , and gon entrusts them now to my keep

M E N A LCA S

Poor things , ever unlucky The master of flock and of herd

i eaera . Courting N , and trembl ng for fear my love be preferred

il Twice each hour this stranger , he hires , comes m king the dams ;

r i Strength is drained f om the mothers , and milk w thdrawn from lambs .

DAM (E TA S

. n Ere thou slanderest others , bethink thee longer We k ow

li e - w All that the peeping eyes of the goats itnessed , and , though

Lightly the gay nymphs laughed , what chapel ye chose for the scene . 1 6 TH E 1 1 0—2 ECLOG UES 11 . 4

M E N ALCA S

’ ’ Mic on s o Twas , I suppose , when they saw me through vineries g

Hacking with knife of a villain his vine shoots tender and green .

DAM CE TA S

o d Yea , or at those l beeches the day thou brakest in twain

’ Da hn is s Men alc as p bow and his arrows , peevish and vain

bo When to the y thou sawest them given , thy spirit repined ;

Thou hadst died if a mischief thou hadst not done to mankind

M E N ALCA S

What will the masters do if the knaves these villanies dare

ff w Did I not see thee , caiti , in ambush laid , ith a snare

’ his - 9 Angling for Damon s goat , and wolf hound baying with might “ And , when I shouted , Whither away yon fellow A care ,

” Tit ru s to st olest . y , have thy flock , to the reeds thou from sight

DA M GBTA S

i i in o r Vanqu shed fa rly s ng , was he not yon goat to esign ,

’ t can Won by my flute s swee singing The goat , I tell thee , was

his Thus much Damon allowed , but debt was unable to meet — 4 1 TH E ECL O G UES I 7

M E NALGAS

Thou match Damon in singing 2‘ And hadst thou ever a flute

w w ax ? Was Jointed ith it not , poor dunce , thy sorry pursuit

Wretched ditties to murder on grating straws through the street 9

DAM CE TA S

Shall we essay what in music between us each can achieve

Singing in turn This heifer I lay thee lest thou decline

Twice each day she is milked ; though still at her udders we leave

Two young calves w hat stake for the coming battle is thine

M E N ALC A S

Nothing from yonder flock can I venture safely to find

I have a father at home and a stepdame harshly inclined

i he see Tw ce in t day both reckon the sheep , one ever doth

r as Counted the kids . What is g ander , thou thyself wilt agree ,

is tw o Since upon folly thy spirit bent , cups I will stake ,

— ’ Beechen , embossed all round the inspired Alcimedon s make .

Wrought thereon by the skill of the graver , a flexible vine

Droops o ’ er clusters of berry from ivies pale that entwine

i — 2‘ F gures twain in the midst one Conon , and , how w as he hight

’ ou t He , who has mapped heaven to inform earth s nations aright , TH E 2 — 1 8 ECLOGUES 11 1 . 4 5 6

for h Which be the seasons reapers and those who stoop at the ploug .

No lip ever has touched them I keep them hoarded till now .

DA M CE TA S

Two fair cups of the same Alcimedon ’ s making are mine “ Round their handl es he wrought an acanthus lissom t o twine

-

Orpheus placed in the midst , and the woods that dance as he plays . — — o has I . N lip ever touched them keep them hoarded , as thine

i Seen by the side of the heifer thy cups are nothing to pra se .

M E N A LCA S

’ ! n ot — Nay Thou shalt escape me whate er thou wilt , I concede

! ae Choose but a Judge And Pal mon , who passes yonder , at need .

o f s So henceforth will I cure thee challenging other to sing .

DAM CE TA S

—I Start an a song thou knowest shall not keep thee , I fear

’ ae No man s voice . But , Pal mon , a single word in thine ear

s i . Grave the affair , to its olving a wise intelligence br ng

PALZEM ON

s Sing then , since upon softest of gra s we are seated , the three

leafbirth Now each meadow is teeming , in every tree , — TH E E 1 1 11 . 5 7 69 ECLOG U S 9

Now all forests are green , now fairest in beauty the year .

o Men alc as . Thine to begin , Dam etas second shall be

Ring the alternate changes a change to the Muses is dear .

DAM (E T A S

Muses from Jove the beginning the worlds are full of his power .

s s He makes earth to be fruitful he hear my ongs with delight .

M E N A LC A S

“ ’ Dear am I also to Phoebus s heart his favourites flower — Aye in my garden the bay and the hyacinth scented and bright .

DA M (E T A S

sh e s Apple in hand , Galatea , pelts me , frolic ome fair ,

he w i he t s to . Flies to willo s , and w shes , before is hid , be seen

M E NALGAS

Am n tas is h Ah my darling y , before I call him , t ere

w i i h as More of a friend ith my pupp es than Del a even been .

DA M CE T A S

Gifts I have found for my beauty—myself I marked from below

- s Where wood pigeons have built in the tallest tree of the gle n . - 2 0 TH E ECL O G UES 1 11 . 70 8 1

M E N ALC A S

Ten gold apples I sent my love from a Wilding I know

— - All I was able to morrow will send him as many again .

DAM GETA S

h as — sh e ! Oh , for the times Galatea met me the things confessed

Waft to the ears of the gods some part , thou listening wind

M E NALGAS

Am n tas Ah what boots it , y , that I thy heart have possessed ,

th e 9 If, when boar thou art hunting , the nets my lot be to mind

DA M CET A S

- Send me thy Phyllis , Iolla to day my birthday is kept

Come thyself when a heifer I slay for the harvest in grain .

M E N ALCA S

h . s e . Phyllis I love before all When I left her , Iolla , wept

sh e Beautiful boy , farewell repeated again and again .

DA M CE TA S

Wolves are a grief to the flock to the ripened harvest the showers ;

e Winds to the trees ; my grief, Amaryllis in anger to s e .

2 2 1 —1 0 TH E ECLOG UES 11 . 94 5

M E N A LC A S

Go s . no further , my heep unsafe yon bank will be found

Look at the ram still drying his dripping fleece on the green .

DA M CE T A S

Tit ru s - y , drive from the river the she goats seeking to eat .

W i . hen it is time , myself I w ll wash them clean in the spring

M E N A LC AS

Fold , my children , the ewes for the milk once touched by the heat ,

As but of late , our fingers in vain to the udders will cling .

DA M CE TA S

on w Lean my bull , though he feeds the richest tares that are gro n

a the One and the s me love wasting flock and the master as well .

M E N A LC A S

to Mine no love can account for the skin scarce cleaves the bone .

i Ev l eye that I know not has cast on the lambkins a spell .

DA M (E TA S

Tell me in what far land—and for ever be Oracle mine

- Three ell length s of the sky are alone left open to see . 11 1 06 - 1 1 1 TH E 2 1. ECLOG UES 3

M E N A LC AS

Tell me in what far region the names of kings are a sign

’ n flo er — Writ o the wild w s petals and thine my Phyllis shall be .

PA LZE M ON

Mine no voice that can settle debate so mighty . The twain

E qually merit the heifer and each fond lover who still

’

its . Trusts love s sweetness , or finds by experience bitter pain

Close , my children , the sluices the meadows have drunk their ARGUMENT — It w as a dream o f th e Au gustan poets based o n a Sibyllin e predic tion

h a the n i e s h ad c m e e n i ea c s mm en in w i h t t u v r e o pl t d ne gr t ycle , co c g t

th e en an d n in w i h th e i a e . Th n n e th e a s ices o f gold e d g t ron g e , u d r u p — — ’ Ph oebus Apollo broth er o f Lucin a (Dian a) th e w orld s great ag e w as t o

Th E n i f begin an ew an d th e golden years t o return . e clogue co ce ves o th e n ew c e as sh e e in w i h th e i h o f an i s i s hi s se ycl u r d t b rt llu tr ou c ld , uppo d

m an i i s t o th e so n of i an d to h a e e n in h is by y cr t c be Poll o, v b en bor dur g

n su shi h e s th e n s th e n h w an d e son co l p by ot r you g Marcellu , ep e adopt d

o f u s u s . A s th e bo w s t o m an h o th e en a e ess e s Aug t y gro o d gold g progr ,

asses h u h a sec n H i e i an d c se s in n i e sa e ac e . p t ro g o d ero c p r od , lo u v r l p Th e fan c y o f th eologian s in days gon e by w as fon d of discoverin g in th e

an ua e o f th e m m a w i h h a of S i an d in th e e e l g g poe , co p red t t t cr pture , r f r

emees to th e i in th e bo th e sn a e &c . an n s i s an i i a i n v rg , y , k , , unco c ou t c p t o o f th e Messiah . ECLOGUE IV

POLLI O

f ’ o r s . Muses Sicily s fountain , a g ander ong let us sing

s Pleasure to ome nor vines nor the humble tamarisks bring .

Worthya Consul ’ s ear be the woods whose praises we ring

ae . Come is the last of the Ages , in song Cum an foretold

’ Now is the world s grand cycle begun once more from of old .

an d Justice the Virgin comes , the Saturn kingdom again ;

Now from the skies is descending a new generation of men .

- Thou to the boy in his birth , upon whose first opening eyes

Th e s iron age hall close , and a race that is golden arise ,

— Phcebu s— - Chaste Lucina , be kindly He reigns thy to day

’ n Thine to be Consul , thine , at a bright world s usheri g in ,

i l Poll o , when the procession of nobler months sha l begin

’ i sin Under thy rule all l ngering traces of Italy s ,

’ u s r r a . Fading to nought , shall free f om fear s pe petu l sway

o f to Life the gods shall be his , behold with gods in their might 1 — 2 6 TH E ECLOG UES IV. 6 37

Heroes immortal mingled , appear himself in their sight ,

’ Rule with his Father s virtues a world at peace from the sword .

B o y , for thine infant presents the earth unlaboured shall bring

I vies wild with foxglove around thee wreathing , and fling

Mixed with the laughin g acanthus the lotus leaf on the sward

Homeward at eve untended the goat shall come from the mead

Swelling with milk flocks fearless of monster lions shall feed

Even thy cradle blossom with tender flowers , and be gay .

Every snake shall perish ; the treacherous poison weed

Die , and Assyrian spices arise unsown by the way .

’ When thou art able to read of the heroes glories , the bright

’ Deeds of thy sire , and to know what is manhood s valour and might ,

i Pla ns will be turning golden , and wave with ripening corn

Pur ple grapes shall blush on the tangled wilderness thorn

Honey from hard -grained oaks be distilling pure as the dew ;

Though of our ancient folly as yet shall linger a few

w Traces , to bid us venture the deep , ith walls to surround

Cities , and , restless ever , to cleave with furrows the ground .

Ti h s t o sea Then shall another p y , a later Argo

w Sail , ith her heroes chosen again great battles shall be ;

Once more mighty Achilles be sent to a second Troy .

Soon when strengthening years shall have made thee man from a boy , 8- TH E 2 IV . 3 5 9 ECLOG UES 7

Trader himself shall abandon the deep no traffi cking hull

Barter her wares all regions of all things fair shall be full .

r r Glebe shall be f ee f om the harrow , the vine no pruner fear ;

Soon will the stalwart ploughman release unneeded the steer .

Varied hues no longer the wool sh all falsely assume .

’ t o f Now to a blushing purple and now the sa fron s bloom ,

Cropping the meadow , the ram shall change his fleece at his need ;

Crimsoning grasses colour the lambs themselves as they feed .

! Ages blest , roll onward the Sisters of Destiny cried

’ h r i e . E ach to sp ndle , agreeing by Fate s firm will to abide

Come t o thy godlike honours the time wellnigh is begun ;

ff o f of son O spring loved immortals , Jove great scion and

’ Lo , how the universe totters beneath heaven s dome and its weight ,

firmamen ! Land and the wide waste waters , the depths of the t great

Lo , all nature rej oices to see this glorious day

f Ah , may the closing years o my life enduring be found ,

Breath sufficient be mine thy deeds of valour to sound

Orpheus neither nor Linus shall ever surpass my lay

o n e his One with mother immortal , and with sire , at side ,

To Callio eia t o . Orpheus p , Linus Apollo allied

m Pan , were he here co peting , did all Arcadia see ,

’ of ! Pan , by Arcadia s voice , should allow him vanquished me 1 — 2 8 TH E ECLOGUE S v . 6o 6 3

n Baby , begi thy mother to know , and to meet with a smile

sh e . Ten long moons has waited , and borne her burthen the while

to his n o h as Smile , my babe feast god admitted the child ,

h s as . Godde s none to her kisses , on whom no parent smiled

ARGU MENT

Tw o sh h e s Men alc as an d s s ai to a sh a e an d ep rd , Mop u , rep r dy cav rn,

in e h e . Th e s e of h ei s n s is th e ea D a h n is s g by turns tog t r ubj ct t r o g d d p .

hi in Men alcas ch an s his a o Mopsus lamen ts over m as cruelly sla . t p th eo sis an d es i es him as aise t o th e h ea en s an d n w a e t o , d cr b r d v e ly dd d h n m f h s I is a h a un e th e an i u h a ac e t e u ber o t e god . t prob ble t t d r f c f l c r t r o f D a h n is th e e in en s t o h n the m em o f J u i s Caesa p po t t d o our ory l u r, ec en assassin a e an d s i m e e en ec ee i in h n s r tly t d , t ll or r c tly d r d d v e o our by th e T i r umvirs. ECLOGUE V

DAPHNIS

M E N ALCA S. M OPSU S

M E N ALC A S

s n Mopsu , since we are met peradventure , both of us stro g ,

’ s o f n Thou in the light reed s mu ic , and I in music so g ,

Were it n o t well where the hazels with elm -trees mingle to rest ?

MOPSU S

Men alc as Thou art the elder , , and I would do thy behest ,

d s s Whether we make for the shadows that flicker in win of the we t ,

d Or to the cave for a choice ; and the cave how chequered with sha e ,

See , from the straggling clusters of wild vine over it laid .

M E N A LC AS

is o f Only Amyn tas on these our mountains rival thine . TH E - 2 : ECLOG UES v . 9

MOPSUS

What , an he claim to be equal in verse to Apollo divine

M E N ALC AS

s ! Mop us , begin some song of thy making , full of the flame

’ ’

s s . Phylli in pires , or in Alcon s praise , or in Codrus blame

Tit rus o u r . y , yonder , will follow behind kids as they eat

MOPSUS

of Words that I carved but lately on bark still green a beech ,

Fluting , and pausing in turn to engrave its note upon each ,

Am n a ! I will essay . Then bid thy y t s seek to compete

M E N A LC A S

to e the pale gre n olive the flexible willow yields ,

to the blushing rose is the Celtic reed of the fields ,

doth Amyn tas beside thee in my poor j udgment appear .

MOPSUS

Men lc as ! a . Prithee , , peace for the cave already is here

All of the nymphs went weeping for Daphnis cruelly slain

Ye were witnesses , hazels and river waves , of the pain 2 — TH E v , 2 4 4 ECLOG UES 3 3

’ When to her son s sad body the mother clave with a cry ,

k s . Calling the great gods cruel , and cruel the stars of the y

did None upon those dark days their pastured oxen lead ,

Daphnis , to drink of the cold clear rivulet ; never a steed

w . Tasted the flo ing waters , or cropped one blade in the mead

h ow i Over thy grave the lions of Carthage groaned in despa r ,

w . Daphnis , the echoes of mountain ild and of forest declare

w as w h o i i Daphnis first taught us to guide , w th a chariot re n ,

’ o f h Far Armenia s tigers , the choirs Iacc us to train ,

to Led us with foliage waving the pliant spear entwine .

t o As the tree her vine is a glory , her grapes to the vine ,

to u Bull the horned herd , and the corn to a fruitf l plain ,

t o o w n w Thou thine ert beauty ; and since fate robbed us of thee ,

Pales herself, and Apollo are gone from meadow and lea .

w w of Where in the furro we so ed great pearls glistening grain ,

! o atstalks Lo the unfruitful darnel , the barren appear .

Tender violets once , and the bright narcissus were here

n ow Thistles , and the spikes of the Christ thorn , sharp as a spear .

w i in Scatter the turf th leaves , and the founta s border with shade ,

t o his n Shepherds , for Daphnis wills ghost these offeri gs made

Build him a tomb , and upon it be this the memorial laid

Da hn is w as I o the res t r en ow n ed r m the ear th to h p , f fo , f o t e s ky

Fair w as the c k I ten d ed bu t ah I s till air er w flo , , f as I . — 1 34 TH E ECLOG UES v . 4 5 6

M EN A LCA S

’ to it s Heaven s own poet , me thy voice and music are sweet

A le o n t o s soft s ep the grass the tired , as in noonday heat

Quenching of thirst at a fountain from w hence comes leaping the w av e

Brave on the flute , as thy master , in song thou also as brave .

’ s Shepherd blest thy glory shall after thy master s hine .

This my verse in repayment , although poor measure for thine ,

Lo w t I ill give thee , and lif to the stars thy Daphnis anew ,

s —h e Yea t o the tars raise Daphnis loved me tenderly too .

MO PSUS

Can I be given a reward more noble than music from thee 2‘

o ur s o Worthy in song Daphnis him elf to be h noured , and we

’ Know from Stimich on s praises ho w sw eet thy melodies be

M E N A LCA S (sin gs)

i k Clad in his sh ning raiment , the threshold strange of the s y

s Daphnis admires , and the stars and the cloud far under him lie .

Pleasure blithe in the glade and the realms of the greenw ood now

Reigns , over Pan and the shepherds and maiden nymphs of the bough . — Wolves n o more n ow menace the sheep no meshes intend

to Harm to the doe , since Daphnis gentle Peace is a friend . 6 2 - 82 v . TH E ECLOG UES 3 5

Lo with j oy to the heavens they lift their glorious voice ,

All the untonsured mountains The rocks break forth and rej oice

o d O Men alcas 10 ! ! Vineyards echo A g , , he is made

Be to thy people gracious and kind . Four altars are laid

: w i ! Here t ain , Daphn s , for thee ; twain , grander , Apollo , are thine

Tw o cups yearly with new milk foaming , in honour displayed ,

w fla on s of t Here ill I set two g with oil the olive hat shine ,

And , above all things , gladdening the feast with gifts of the vine ,

w - Over the fire in the inter , at harvest time in the shade ,

’ — — Ariu ia Pour thee for newest nectar in bow ls s s wine .

o ZE on L ctian Songs Dam etas and g , the y singer , shall sing ,

Alph esiboeu s mimic the Satyr dance in the ring .

w w e Honours such shall attend thee , when annual vo s address

f Unto the Nymphs , or the harvest with lustral o ferings bless .

fi sh to is Long as the boar to the mountain , the the river true ,

of While bee sucks from the thyme , and cicalas drink the dew ,

- Ever shall last thy name , thy praise , thy glory , and now ,

As to to u Iacchus and Ceres , thee each son of the plo gh

w his Carry his prayer each year , and ackno ledge duly vow

MOPSUS

‘ Ah what boon can I give thee a song so sw eet to repay 2

Neither the whispering breath of the south wind n o w on its way V 8 — 0 36 TH E ECLOG UES . 3 9

n or Brings me a j oy thus deep , the thunder of surf on the shore

- ’ Nor when the rock strewn valley re s ounds t o the torrent s roar .

M E N ALC A S

Take thou first in requital a frail reed . From it I learned

H ow for the lov ely A lexis the s hep her d Coryd on year n ed

’ e A re on M elibw us s s hee Learned , as I blew it , the measur , y p

MOPSUS

oft Take in return this crook , that Antigenes , as he sued

Never obtained though worthy in those old days to be wooed

Knotted with brass all round it , a beauty to have and to keep .

ARGUME NT

Th e E c o ue e n s w i h a e i a i n to th e m an en e a a us l g op t d d c t o Ro g r l V r , w hic h i e h e assa es in th e E c es c n ain s a e s o f th e essu e , l k ot r p g logu , o t tr c pr r p u t upo n Virgil by some o f th e great m en of th e d ay to w rite an epic poem i i o n th e c v l w ars .

Tw o n a n s Ch ro m is an d Mn as ll us fi n d Si en s s ee in in a you g f u , y , l u l p g c a e an d w i h th e assis an c e o f th e n m h ZE le e ac m him a s o n v , t t y p g xtr t fro g

Th n h n th at h e h as often promised th em . e e c a te d forests an d w ild b easts

m n n d m h f h listen as h e tells o f th e c os ogo y a yt ology o t e e arly w o rld . In to th e myt hologic al n arrative Virgil w eaves o n e o f his exqu isite c o m

lim en ts a e sse t o his ien a s e as w e as s ie w h m h e p , ddr d fr d G llu , po t ll old r, o im a in es in e u n a n assu s t o an d th e s e s an d re g troduc d po P r Apollo Mu , p sen e h n i n e Lin s w i h th e i e o f He si t d by t e a c e t po t u t p p od . ECLOGUE VI.

VAR US

she While was young , my Muse in Sicilian measure was well

'

n or to . Pleased to disport her , blushed in the greenwood cover dwell

When I was fain to be telling of kings and battles , mine ear

’ o Ph ebus plucked with a warning The shepherd s duty is clear , — Tit r u s . y ever to fatten his sheep , keep slender his song

So — to since poets enough and spare hereafter will long ,

’ s sad Varus , to ing thy praises , and war s glories to chant

I with a meadow reed upon sylvan themes will descant .

w h o Song s unbidden I sing not . If any love me there be

This poor verse to peruse , each tamarisk , Varus , of thee ,

w re - has Every forest of thee ill echo , and Phoebus none

Dearer at heart than a page with the name o f Varus begun .

Ch ro mis Mn as llu s Muses , proceed Young and young y had

n Laid at his length in a cavern , Silenus slumberi g sound ; 0 H E v 1 — 4 T ECLOGUES i. 5 36

l ’ hi s . B own his veins with yesterday s wine , as is ever way

Garlands tumbled of late from his forehead near to him lay ,

And by its battered handle a pitcher ponderous hung .

On him they fall (for the old man often with hope of a song

Both had deluded)and bind him in chains from his garlands made .

As they are standing frightened , arrives ere long to their aid

ZE le g , fairest of Naiads , and , while he is opening his eyes ,

- Forehead and brow with the j uice of a blood red mulberry dyes .

He at the pastime laughin g In chains why fetter me so

t o . Boys , unbind me enough your power be able to show

Take this song ye are seeking for you this song for the maid

” Payment in other fashion . And so he began as they prayed .

Then did ye see to the measure the Fauns and the beasts of the glen

n Trippi g in time , their foreheads the stiff oaks tossing again .

o n or Not so charmed Parnassus when Ph ebus sings , rej oiced

’ - Rhodope s mountain ranges at Orpheus , beautiful voiced .

For in his song he related how through void ether were driven

rim ze v al o f so f Seeds p earth and of sea and the air the heaven ,

E ke of the fire elemental ; from these first principles came — E very beginning the thin round crust of the fi rmam en t frame

Harder and harder the dry land grew , and apart in the seas

— ’ Prisoned the spirit of Ocean assumed life s shapes by degrees . - 8 T VI . 37 5 H E ECLOG UES 4 1

saw sun sk Soon E arth with wonder a young shine in the y ,

Farther the rain came falling , as clouds were lifted on high .

w Then was the time when the first oods rose , and the animals

Wandered over the hills that as yet no creature knew .

’ Next of the stones of Pyrrha , of Saturn s kingdom he told ,

E o f agles of Caucasus hoar , and the theft Prometheus bold

w w as how Sang of the spring here Hylas lost , the mariner men

Shouted for Hylas , and. every shore rang Hylas again

’ of - sad e Then the snow white bull , and the Pasipha s teen ,

Happy in this sad world if a horned one never had been .

d Maiden forlorn what ma ness is thine Like heifers that low ,

Over the meadows the daughters of Proetus roamed in their woe ;

None was dishonoured ever by frenzied passion as thou

Often as each would shrink from the fancied fear of the plough ,

Feel for a budding horn o n her smooth and w omanly brow .

ran e st th e Maiden forlorn , thou g _ mountain slopes in the quest

- He , with his snow white side upon softest hyacinths pressed ,

- h is Under a holm oak dark chews grasses brig t , or gone

s Seeking another bride in the herds . Clo e speedily , maids ,

o f Maids the Dirce fountain , the forest covers and glades ,

So s that our eyes may haply behold , ere evening fade ,

Track of the truant bull . And perchance this wandering one , 2 E v - 4 TH ECLOG UES i. 5 9 79

w Tempted by some green meado , or fain with the others to roam ,

’ to o r May G tyn a s stalls by the heifers be piloted home .

d Next , how a Hesperid apple the mai en charmed , was his strain

Moss of the bitter bark round Phaeton ’ s sisters again

Grew in his song , and to alders immense they rose on the plain

h ow Perm essian Then , as Gallus wandered beside rills ,

’ One of the Nine had led him to sweet Ao n ia s hills

’ H ow all Phoebus choir uprose to salute him , and how

Flowerets and bitter parsley adorning his heavenly brow

d These wor s Linus had spoken , the shepherd and poet divine

for Take these reeds of the meadow , the Muses send thee thine ,

Once on the singer o f Ascra bestowed wherewith as he blew

Down from the mountains o ften the stubborn ashes he drew .

Gr n ian With them sweetly recount how the y wood was begun ,

Till among all his forests Apollo be prouder of none .

h o w Need I relate of Scylla , the daughter of Nisus , he told ,

Who—with her w hite waist girdled by howling monsters of old

Harried , chroniclers tell us , the Ithacan vessels , and gave

Trembling crews to be rent of her hounds in sw irl of the wave

o f Or how he sang the change on the body of Tereus wrought ,

sh e What was the feast Philomela prepared , what dainties brought , VI 80—86 TH E . ECLOG UES 4 3

H w - sh e o , swift winged , for the desert made , yet first had been

Sad one—over her palace to flutter again and again 2‘

o f All of the songs , that old from Apollo the listening burn ,

. his Blest Eurotas , heard and had bidden bay trees learn ,

r e - There did he sin g . To the stars the echoing valleys in turn

Told it till Hesper signalled to fold and to number the sheep ,

Rising with light unwelcome above the Olympian steep . ARGUMENT

e i oc s w hi e e cin his m es m th e c w in s sees Da h n is M l b u , l f n g yrtl fro old d , p

n h m - k C an d Th r si are h e close by an d seate d u der a ol o a . orydon y s t re - a s a to n a in a sin in m a h . Meliboeu s a s h o w h e in e l o, bout e g ge g g tc rel te jo d

th e c m an an d is en t o th e i a s i h ei n es . C n o p y , l t ed r v l dur ng t r co t t orydo sh w s him se th e m n ish e m th e e s s o f Th rsis h o lf ore fi d perfor er ; v r e y , bot

in n d ec i n are h e an d m e c mm n . Meliboeu s ao taste a ex ut o , roug r or o o c o rdin gly en ds by de clarin g th at o n th at d ay Corydon establish ed h is

n claim t o be un surp assed o n th e hill side in so g .

- 46 TH E ECLOG UES v u . 1 3 30

’ hu m Grassy and green and from Jupiter s oak bees cluster and .

Had I a choice N or Phyllis nor my Alcippe had come

Homeward to drive to the folding the motherless lambkins yet

’ i w b — Th rsis Wh le t as a attle of giants with y , Corydon met

to Thus my business their sweet sport gave finally way ,

So in alternate changes began their musical play .

’ As was the Muses pleasure , in turn their melodies rang

Th r is . . s First came Corydon singing , and after him y sang

CORYDON

Libeth ra Nymphs of , beloved of my heart , vouchsafe me a strain — S w eet as ye grant my Codrus his songs are next the divine

of —or L ays Apollo if such grace all cannot attain ,

Here my pipe with her music shall hang on your holiest pine .

T HYRSIS

s is Fair Arcadian shepherd , a poet born in the dale

o i Cr wn him with ivy , t ll envy the bosom of Codrus has wrung .

If overmuch he applaud me , my forehead with foxglove veil ,

’ of Lest your bard the future be hurt by an enemy s tong ue .

CORYDON

’ s Delia , this boar s head with its bri tles , and antlers that graced

Mico n s Whilom a veteran stag , young be tows upon thee . 1 - 6 TH E VI I . 3 4 ECLOG UES 4 7

i If st ll fortune attend him , aloft thyself shall be placed ,

w Hewn from the marble , and buskined ith purple as high as the knee .

T H YRSIS

fla on is w One milk g , Priapus , all each year , ith a cake ,

’ T : hou canst look for a poor man s croft thou holdest in keep .

d Marble to ay we have made thee of gold hereafter will make ,

s If our ewes that are yeaningrepleni h the tale of the sheep .

CORYDON

sea ae Child of the , Galatea , than thyme Hybl an to me

Sweeter , than swan more fair , more lovely than ivies white ,

w Soon as the pastured oxen are home ard gone from the lea ,

— — - Come for thy shepherd lover if aught thou carest to night .

T HYRSIS

’ Let me to thee more bitter than Sardo s grasses appear ,

ea w s Rougher than bur , more ch p than the sea eed flung on the hore ,

If I find n ot to -day more long than a lingering year

’ w - Home ard , ye well fed oxen , for shame s sake , tarry no more

CORYDON

Fountains bordered with mosses , and grass more soft than repose ,

Arbutus green , whose flickering shade roofs both from the day , 8 TH E —6 2 4 ECLOG UES VI I . 4 7

Shelter the cattle from noontide heat Soon summer that glow s

s . Comes , and the swelling bud on the vine already are gay

T HYRSIS

fireli ht Here is a hearth , rich torches that drip , here g flares

Cheerily ; blackened the door with the soot that has clung to its plank s

Here as little we care for the north winds icy , as cares

f Wolf for the number o sheep or the river in flood for the banks .

C ORYDON

n ro w Here stand j unipers tall , and the chest uts prickly in Fruits lie strewn and ungathered beneath each bountiful tree

N ow all Nature is smiling ; but if from the mountain should

Lovely Alexis , the rivers themselves will waterless be .

T HYRSIS

Parched is the meadow the grass in the sick air w ithers of thirst ;

to Father Bacchus the shade of his vines the mountain denie s .

s When my Phyllis approaches , the woods into blossom will bur t ,

And in a gracious torrent to earth come raining the skie s .

CORYDON

Poplars are dear to Alcides ; the vine to Iacchus the bright ,

o his Myrtle to beautiful Venus , to Ph ebus favourite bay , 6 —0 TH E VII . 3 7 ECLOG UES 4 9

i Phyll s delights in the hazels , and while they are still her delight ,

o Neither shall myrtle be fairer nor bays of Ph ebus than they .

T H YR SIS

A sh is the loveliest tree in the forest , in gardens the pine ,

is i Poplar queen by the r ver , the fir upon mountains supreme

Fair Lycidas , come only as guest more often of mine ,

Poor in the forest the ash and the pine in the garden well seem .

M E LIB (E U S

’

Th rsis . Thus much well I remember , and idle were y pains

Since that day on the mountain alone our Corydon reigns . ARGUME NT

This E c logue is de dicated t o Pollio o n his return from a victorious

c am ai n in I ia. i i en esse as it w seem t o w i e o n p g llyr V rg l , oft pr d , ould , r t

m a ia h em es s i n in es t o e sc a in u of a e co m rt l t , t ll co t u pe a clo d gr c ful

lim n p e t .

Th e s e o f th e E e n sis s o f tw o -s n s a in th e ubj ct clogu co t love o g , pl ced

m h f D am n d Al h esiboeu s out s o on a p .

Th e s is th e m ain of an n h a sh e h o f un Mee n al u s fir t co pl t u ppy p erd Mo t ,

w h o a e e s i in h is ill - a e assi n fo r th e ai h ss N sa n s , ft r d cr b g f t d p o f t le y , e d by

n fli gin g h im self in to th e se a.

Th e s n is th e e -in c an a i n o f a Th ess a ian i w h o h as c a e eco d lov t t o l g rl , ll d m agic to h er assistan ce in order to brin g b ac k to h er cottage h er tru an t

lo v er D aph n is .

E ac h s n h as a i e ai ame o n th e m o f Th e i s . o g recurr ng r fr n , fr d odel ocr tu V ECLOGUE III .

PH ARMA CE UTRIA

D A LPH E I (E AM ON . S B U S

of Ehe h erd s Al h esiboeu s Songs the p Damon and p , my theme

to Hearkening whom with rapture as each in rivalry sung , u Heifers forgot their pasture , upon whose melodies h ng

t Lynxes smi ten with wonder , and every listening stream

Loitered with altered current along its watery way

Al h e siboeu s - Damon and p shall be our burden to day .

’ Sailing already abreast of the great Tim av u s s hill

o r Whether I find thee , coasting around Illyria still ,

Comes not the bright day ever when this poor tongue shall be

‘ ’ Thy fair deed s t o proclaim 2 Shall I ne er at liberty be

’ w Proudly to aft thy verse o er earth and her every clime ,

’ ’ ‘ bu skin d 2 Only of Athens worthy , and tragedy s prime

’ The n my Muse s beginning , her song shall finish with thee . 2 TH E I 2 - o 5 ECLOGUES VIII . 3

to Take these strains at thy bidding essayed , and grant me lay

’ i to w Round thy brow these vies t ine with the conqueror s bay .

’ “ Hardly as yet from the skies had the night s chill shadow dispersed ,

- Dew lay sweet on the spring tide grass fo r the cattle athirst

o t Propped on an olive staff thus sang y ung Damon , the firs

Dam n n ( o si gs . )

o f Rise , fair star the morning , and herald the genial day .

' w a assion for sa s I , hom p Ny the fal e has served to betray , — Here will lament and to gods whose presence attested in vain

’ N —in aught has availed me death s last hour once more will complain .

o f ae s Begin , my flute the mountains , with me my M nalus train .

M aenalus ev er has forests that sing to him ever a sigh

Speaks in his pine s to the loves o f the shepherds he listens for aye

w h o n o t Hears Pan piping , brooked that reeds should idle remain .

Mse n alu s Begin , my flute of the mountains , with me my strain .

‘ Nysa w ith Mopsus weds what next is a lover to see 2

ffi th e Soon will the gri n be matched with mare , and in summers to

w to Timid fawns with the hounds come do n the pools on the plain .

a Begin , my flute of the mountains , with me my M enalus strain .

i Hew fresh torches the bridal to grace thy bride is in s ght , — Mopsus —the bridegroom thou g o scatter the nuts t o her train

—6 8 5 4 TH E ECLOG UE S VI II . 49

‘ Heartle ss the mother most 2 Or w as love more cruel and fell 9

Cruel was love thou also the mother heartless as well .

w m M w n alu s . Begin , my flute of the mountains , ith me y strain

N ow let the wolf turn tail to the sheep oaks stubborn have power

d aflo dil Apples golden to bear , on the alder the flower

Droppings of amber rich from the bark of the tamarisk rain

- w w Tit ru s Screech o ls vie with the s an , and to Orpheus y change

as w Orpheus play for the woods , Arion ith dolphins range .

o f m a s Begin , my flute the mountains , with me y M enalu strain .

l e t sea . . w Nay , the drown all Farewell to the woods I ill leap

Here from thi s mountain crest that for ever watches the deep

- f for ad This death song o the dying last s gift let her keep .

i Mw n alu s s . Cease , my flute , it ended , the mountain refrain

f Al hei oeu s . o s b Thus sang Damon The answer p again ,

s . Mu es , recount Frail mortals to all things cannot attain

l h (A p esibcen s sin gs . )

Fetch me the water ; with soft w reaths circle the altar divine

Burn to the gods rich boughs , heap frankincense on the fire

So to the passionless heart of this ice -cold lover of mine

w i is I may reach ith my mag c it but a chant we require .

w n i . Home ard bri g from the city , my chants , bring Daphnis aga n —0 TH E E VIII . 69 9 CLO G UES 5 5

Chants from her heavenly station can draw down even the moon

’ Circe once with a chant transformed Ulysses train .

‘ Cold snakes split in the meadows asunder with c han t an d with tune

Homeward bring from the city , my chants , bring Daphnis again .

w These three threads , each tinted a separate colour , I t ine

Round thee first in a circle and thrice these altars around — Carry the image a number uneven is dear to the shrine

k In three nots , Amaryllis , let each of the colours be wound .

“ ’ Wind them , prithee , and cry , I am weaving Venus s chain .

i w . Home ard bring from the c ty , my chants , bring Daphnis again

As in a fire that is one and the same , grows harder the clay ,

x m - w a , a . Softer the l y Daphnis be wrought by passion to day

- Crumble the cake , let the boughs of the bay tree crackle and blaze .

w Daphnis has fired me ith passion , I light over Daphnis the bays .

th e . Homeward bring from city , my chants , bring Daphnis again

’ s as h s w h o s May such love upon Daphni be laid the eifer , hie

Wearily after her mate through the forest and hills in the que st .

w sh e Do n by the river bank upon greenest sedges lies ,

Lost in her grief, nor remembers at nightfall late to arise .

hi s his s . Such may love be , nor I care ever to heal unre t

w s . Home ard bring from the city , my chants , bring Daphni again 6 TH E — 5 ECLOGUES VII I . 9 1 1 09

These worn garments he left me , my faithless love , as he went

— b Pledges dear of himself y the door let them buried remain .

0 Hold them , E arth they are pledges , and owe me the Daphni s I

i Homeward bring from the city , my chants , br ng Daphnis again .

These green herbs , these poisons from Pontus gathered in bloom ,

Moeris gave me in plenty they grow on the Pontus plain

w Often the form of a wolf ith these I have seen him assume ,

o r r And in the forests plunge , the ghosts call forth f om the tomb ,

Often remove to an alien field rich harvests of grain .

w Home ard bring from the city , my chants , bring Daphnis again .

Carry the ashes without , Amaryllis , and into the brook

s Over thy houlders fling them , nor venture behind thee to look

i These are for Daphnis he recks nor of gods nor mag cal strain .

s Homeward bring from the city , my chants , bring Daphni again .

! Look As I linger to take it , the cinder itself from the grate

u s Catches the altar with flickering flames . Good luck on wait

A H lax y , there is something surely , and y barks at the gate

Ought I to hope Or do lovers their own dreams fashion in vain 2‘

m Cease , my chants . From the city he comes , y Daphnis , again .

ARGUMENT

A fresh civil w ar h as broken o u t in north ern Italy sin ce th e even ts to

i n w s m e in E n n o f w hic h allu s o a ad c logu e I . At it s close a sec o d b a d

’ m ilitary settlers are again seiz in g o n th e farm s in Virgil s n e igh bourh ood .

Th e w ra h o f th e c on u s a s o n th e n un a w n o f C em n a t q eror f ll u fort te to r o ,

’ ’ an d an u a i i s i h a n ea w hic h la th e o e s er is M t , V rg l b rt pl ce , r y p t prop ty , threaten e d w ith a fate lik e th at o f Crem o n a h er n eigh bour by th e army o f h im th e victoriou s Varus . Th e l an d s o f Virgil h ad b een c on firm e d t o by th e a o f u s s but th e s e s h a h e n ea s h is i in f vour A gu tu , tory go t t rly lo t l fe

ec in t h em in s his m in prot t g aga t t arau d g soldiery .

Th e E c u e en s w i h a ic u o f tw o an u an sh e h e s L c i as log op t p t re M t p rd , y d

d is n h ei w e u n th e an oe o a e h t o th e w n . Th e o n e s M r , t r y tog t er to y c v r po

’ u es o f th e im es an d o n th e n a w s a e o f Moer is s m as e th e tro bl t , rro e c p t r,

i n o e Men alc as a s i n am e n e w h ich i i him s e is es a e . p t , ru t c u d r V rg l lf d g t d

Th i e i e sn h e f h e e f M e p a r r c t atc s o t v rse s o en alc as as th e y g o .

’ ll i i m i i i m s Of a V rg l s etr c al d alogu es E clogu e IX. s prob ably th e o t

i m c n in d el cate an d co plete . It o ta s a gracefu l referen c e t o t w o con tem

r r e f h e n hin p o a y po ts o t Au gu sta ag e . N ot g is left o f e ith er e xc ept th eir

am an d ssi a few in e s o f Varius if in e e Varius be th e ec f e , po bly l , d d corr t

ea in of th e ea ie o f th e t w n m es —w h i h i in r d g rl r o a c s a doubtful po t . X ECLOGUE I .

M GER] S

LYCIDA S. M CERIS

LYC I DAS

o 9 9 Whither , M eris , away to the city , as travels the road

M CE RIS

see Friend , we have lived to a day , that we thought but little to ,

i i Lived for an al en lord to in vade our l ttle abode ,

i B e n e o ld s n s the s il these eld s are o r in e Cry ng go o of o , fi f

sad all Broken in spirit and , since chance makes havoc of , — These young kids for a t rii te we take him and curses withal

LYC I DAS

u s o u Surely the tale had reached , that where y hills from the plain

th e sk w w Draw to y , and in gentle slopes break do n ards again ,

as w s Far the pool , and the beech trees old ho e crests are decayed .

M en alc as w as All to left in ret urn for the ver se s he made . IX I I - 2 6 0 TH E ECLOG UES . 7

M CERIS

So ye were told so rumour was rife ; yet verses of ours

s Are of as little avail , old friend , when the battle bolt lower ,

As the Chaon ian doves when an eagle swoops to the stroke .

n ot Had a raven , perched on the left , from a hole in her oak

t o w Warned me as best I might prevent the rene al of strife ,

— — M n l I o e a c as . Neither had thy M eris escaped , nor , with life

LYC I DAS

so Breathes there , alas guilty a soul And were we to be

’ so Men alc as o f w 9 Robbed nearly , , life s s eet solace in thee

u s of m h - Who was to chant stories Ny p land , blossom and flower

Strew on the earth , or the fountains with boscage and shade to embower

as Who was to sing us the song that I stole from thy lips I lay ,

a- 9 When thou wentest courting my love , Amaryllis the gay

Tit ru s w hile I am n e—an d it is bu t a s te to re tu rn y , go p

Dr iv e m s he- oats hen ce to the mead w an d then ce to the bu rn y g o ,

When the are ed an d the w hile hav e Tit ru s ev er a care y f , , y .

- ’ — — H ow then come to the he goat s horn s he is w ic ked bew are

M CE RIS

A or y , the still unfinished verse that to Varus he gave

Th reat n ame ar — y g , 0 V us d o the n o ur Itl an t aa save

6 Ix — 8 2 TH E ECL OG UES . 44 5

LYC I DAS

What was the song that I heard thee on one cle ar starlight night

9 b Singing The air I recall , if the words I remem ered aright .

M (E RI S

IVh still w atc hin the rise the con s tellati n s o ld y g of o of , — Da hn is w ith e es u lifted The s tar Ow sar O beh ld p , y p of o

Star the Ven u s-bor n has be un its marc h on the sk of , g y

Star w h se d aw n s h u ld ladd en the elds w ith harvest an d o o g fi ,

Gra es on the su n lit s lo es the hill t a ur l an d ld p p of o p p e go .

h ar Da hn is he ru it th n ha n Gra t t e s O t so s s ll e . f y p , p , f y joy

’ Age from us all things takes , e en memory oft as a boy

Can I remember singing the summer sun t o its rest ;

N o w forgotten are all my verses . Gone at the last

’ Moeri s voice their glamour the wolves on Moeris have cast

M n alc as Often enough will e himself fulfil thy request .

LYC I DAS

s ss All thy many excuses increa e my pa ion the more .

Come , for the waters silent and listening lie . On the shore

See , each breath of the murmuring wind has sunk to repose . I -6 TH E U X. 5 9 7 ECLOG ES

- Here we are just half way on the j ourney . Visible grows

’ i n r B a o s . Distant tomb So here , where the labourer goes

Lopping the leafage thick , let us waken , Moeris , the strain .

on . Lay the ground thy kids , and the city betimes we shall gain

Or , if we fear lest night overtake us with gathering rain , — On let us j ourney singing a song makes lighter the road

f l ad o e . I , to assist in the music , will ease thy back its

M (E RI S

Ask me no more let us hasten to finish the tasks that are near

B etter will be our singing , when once our Master is here . ARGUMEN T

Th e E c is e e to a s s ie e ien of i i an d as logue d vot d G llu , old r , po t , fr d V rg l , ,

it w u a ea an n h a . L o is his h as e se e him o ld pp r , u ppy lover yc r , love , d rt d fo r a m a h e in a m s an d a s is a e in n er ore f voured brot r r , G llu pourtr y d ly g u d a m o un ain c s in ea s an d e s ai w h i his sh ee s an m u n t ro k , lo t t r d p r , le p t d o r

u a n h im . H e is Visi e th e sh e h s as a s f lly rou d t d by p erd , l o by Apollo,

Pan an d Si an s us ic ei ie s w h o en a t o n s him but in , lv u , r t d t , de vour co ole ,

ain v .

To E n ish ea s th e E c u m s a w a s be o f s e ia in e es gl r der log e u t l y p c l t r t , sin c e in s ire i se Th e c i u s it h as se in n as an in s i a i , p d t lf by o r t , rved tur p r t on

’ “ ” in i h in r fo r Milton s Lyc idas . It b eg s w t an voc ation o f th e river o

n ain h u sa th e s o f w h s i h n e th e sea m th e i e fou t Aret , tory o e fl g t u d r fro r v r

h i e mi i e f h e e Alp eus w ll b fa l ar to r aders o S ll y . ECLOGUE X.

GALL US

One last labour in song , of thy grace , Arethusa , concede .

s fe w — s Strain , though , for my Gallus that even Lycori may read

9 . s Yet must I sing , ere parting Who gives not Gallus a ong

lid e st So , when beneath the Sicilian seas thou g along ,

Doris from thine keep ever her brackish waters apart .

’ s s Come let us tell of the passion con uming Gallu s heart ,

fl at - s While each no ed goat on the young bu sh browses at call .

0 w e N deaf ears shall sing to the woods make answer to all .

w t Nymphs of the stream , hat glades , wha forest detained ye the day

When w ith a love unrequited my Gallu s w asted a w ay 9

f s s Never a height o Parnas us , of Pindu never a mount

et u . Stayed ye , nor y Aganippe , the fair Aonian fo nt

- him Even the bay trees wept him , the tamarisk gave a tear

Pine -clad Maenalus mourned as beneath his precipice drear

s t Lonely he lay ; and the rocks of the fro y Lycaeus repined . — All of his sheep stand round him they feel no shame of mankind 66 TH E X 1 — ECLOG UES . 7 36

Nor thou , heavenliest singer , do thou feel shame of thy sheep

Flocks himself by the river the lovely Adonis did keep .

Thither the shepherds came , and the swineherds tardy at last

Men alc as i Thither , drenched from his winter stor ng of mast .

9 ” ask . d Whence this passion they him Apollo came , the ivine

Gallus , he cries , what madness The lovely Lycoris of thine

a - Follows another love through wild camp life and the snows .

Thither arrived Silvanus , his brows with greenery fine ,

Nodding his giant lilies and fennel flowers as he goes .

— — Pan of Arcadia next ourselves we beheld him h e came

- o f Blood red berries elder , and all vermilion flame ,

Grieving for ever he saith . Wild grief Love little esteems

i n or Neither s fierce Love sated with tears , the meadow with stream s

” Nor with the cytisus blossom the b ee , nor the goat with the leaf.

Sadly he answ ers At least some day ye will sing of my grief — Unto your hills , Arcadians alone , Arcadians chief

Masters of song . How g ently , methinks , my bones would repose

Should your pipes hereafter relate my love and its woes Would of a truth I among you were one your sheep were it mine

- o o f Daily t tend , or be dresser in vintage time the vine — TH E G E 6 x . 37 5 7 ECLO U S 7

or Am n t as Then at the least whether Phyllis it were , y , my spark ,

l — Am n tas Or some other , that kind ed and what if y be dark ,

’ ’ is Dark the violet s beauty , and dark is the hyacinth s pride

Here they w ould lie among willows beneath long vm es at my side

‘

i Am n t as . Phyll s gather me flowers , and y sing me his lay

d w Here are the col , clear fountains , the waving meado is gay ;

Here are the forest shadows ; and here life ever should glide ,

0 . Glide of itself, Lycoris , beside thee gently away

Now by insensate passion of s avage w ar I am here

—m s Stayed y face to the foeman , encompa sed around by the spear . — — the is Thou yet far be fancy remote from the land that thine , — — Lookest on Alpine snows cold heart and the w inters of Rhine

. s ss Lonely , without my love May frost thy feeblene spare

Ah d , may the splinters icy thy elicate feet forbear

I w ill aw ay and the verses I wrought in the Chalcis mould

’ to Set the pipe and the music of Sicily s shepherd of old .

’ s n Rather had I in the fore t , the wild beasts caverns amo g ,

w Bear what a aits me , carving my love on the trees that are young ,

as w w t So , the trees grow upward , my love shall gro i h them too .

There meanw hile w ith the nymphs I w ill roam great M zen alu s through

n s Hu ting the avage boar . No frosts of the w inter shall make

Me and my hounds cease ranging the high Parthenian brake . 68 H E : — T ECL OG UES X. 8 7 7

th e Over the rocks , methinks , and ringing covers I go ,

S w eeping already in chase with j oy from the Parthian bow — Winging the Cretan arrow as though thi s medicine healed

Love like mine or the Love -god to human sorrow would yield

— n or Vain is the dream Hamadryads no more , pastoral strain

me . w to s ! Bring delight Fare ell , farewell the forest again

o d n o Love is a g toils can appease , no misery melt .

’ n ot s s Hebru s w w N0 , in iciest fro t by the aves if we d elt ,

ith on ian of Nor if S snows we endured , and winters sleet ;

w w w Or , hen the dying bark on the tall elm ithered ith heat ,

r ZEthi Sheep fo an op master beneath fierce Cancer we drove .

All things else Love conquers let us too yield unto Love .

s Muse , enough ye will deem your poet already has sung ,

Sit ting and weaving a basket of slender mallow s and young .

’ Ye o f your grace will make it of worth in Gallus s eyes

s as is Gallu , for whom my love grows hour by hour , ar e

- i s Hourly the alders green in the n ew born spring to the sk e .

Let u s be going ; the shade for a sm ger is deadly and chill

’ f r s Chill is the juniper s shade o the corn all hade is an ill .

s — e s to Homeward . Hesperu comes y have fed , my goat , your

ARGUMENT

[E n eas an d h is fugitive Troj an s are s ailin g over th e seas in search o f th e m i n n m d ue t o se a o f L a ium . Th e J En eid e s w i h a s o pro d l d t op t t r ,

’ J un s in e e n i n w hic h assai s h ei e e a e h e h a e e th e o t rv t o , l t r fl t ft r t y v l ft sh o re s o f Sic i w h e e h e h ad fo r a w h i een h a o u e th e ! in ly , r t y le b rb r d by g

e Th e T n e i r n u n h as f ic a in th e Ac ste s . roj a x le s a e blow po t e co t o Afr n e i h o u h o f Ca h a an d m a h ei w a t o th e a a e o f Di o g b r ood rt ge , ke t r y p l c d ,

w h o en e ain s h em h s i a . a an u e i n in h ei h n u t rt t o p t bly At b q t g ve t r o o r ,

h e in ZE s vites n e as to relate th e h istory o f his adven ture s .

To a om an th e his o f w h se u n w as in w en w i h th e R , tory o co try ov t m em o o f e a w a s a ain s h er an ien en em Ca h a e th e io n ry d dly r g t c t y , rt g , port o f th e ZE n eid w h ic h is devote d to th e m e etin g o f ZE n eas an d Dido w as o f th e e e e s n a i n a in e e s e se s w hich to u s h a e s h e i oin d p t t o l t r t . V r v lo t t r p t , m h ic a i a ie s e w een esses h a are i e so m e t o m e n as e yt olog l r v lr b t godd t t t r od r t t ,

all w e e u f m To a e ia e th e ZE n eid r f ll o ean in g t o a Ro m an au dien ce . ppr c t

u it is n e e s sa to h in o f it a w a s as w i e n fo r th e ea s o f a tr ly , c ry t k l y r tt r

e o h a h ad is en t o be m as e s o f th e w a e an in e n ec in e p ple t t r t r orld , ft r t r

s u e o ut o f w h i h Ca h a e n m is e s s o f th e s e as an d e o u a e tr ggl , c rt g , lo g tr r d bt bl

to m e e e n u o n an h ad at on e im e n ea em e e ium h an Ro v p l d , t rly rg d tr p t ,

an d in w hic h Ro m e h ad n early p erish e d . BOO! I .

I War sing , and the hero who first from the Troj an land

Came to Italian shores and to this Lavin ian strand

sea Exile guided of Fate . Long time on the land and the

the w as Driven by powerful malice of great Immortals he ,

’ Through fierce Juno s anger . And much in battles he bore ,

’ his on . Building town , and planting his gods Latium s shore

Hence is the Latin race with its glories the Senate halls

’ of Hence the Alban Fathers , and Rome s imperial walls

it Was for godhead slighted or spirit wounded with grief, m Muse , that the Queen of Im ortals condemned so loyal a chief

9 Countless troubles to brave , and adventure perilous quests

Dwell such furious angers w ithin those heavenly breasts 9

’ Facing the distant Tiber s mouth , and Italian shore ,

rim w v al Lay a p city , a Tyrian people of yore ;

e t Carthage , b s with abundance , in battle cruelly bred ; 1 — 72 TH E E N EID I . 5 34

Ever the chosen dwelling that Juno sought , it is said ,

Even beyond her Samos . Her armour here evermore

- sh e Hung , and her chariot stood . And a world wide throne had planned

’ Here , if the Fates permitted , to reign o er every land .

n o w sh e n Tidings had heard of a natio , rising from Troy ,

Doomed in the future ages her Tyrian towers to de stroy

Flushed with conquest comes an imperial people t o be

’ — Libya s ruin the looms of the Fates so weave the decree .

sh e Filled with fear remembered the war of an earlier day ,

’ When with her Argives loved she had met Troy s hosts in array . — Still in her memory d w elt time left unsoftened the smart

Griefs that had roused her in ancient days ; fierce anguish of heart

of All the award of Paris , the wrong a beauty disdained ,

s . Hateful children , and honours on ravi hed Ganymed rained

— ’ Fired at the thought to a further fl am e o er many a w ave

’ ’ N ow s sh e from Latium shores Troy s exiled army drave ,

s i s . Remnant left by the Greek , and Ach lle cruel in war

Many a summer and winter on many a water far ,

- Led by the Fates they w andered wi th never a resting place .

So supreme w as the labour of founding the Roman race .

’ s Scarce had Sicily s shores in the di tance faded away , — TH E E N 7 I . 3 5 5 5 EID 3

set Sails been merrily , bows dipped in the salt sea spray ,

When , still nursing within her a pain that never had died ,

” sh e d Thus w ith herself mused Juno And must I tamely , crie ,

s Leave unfini hed a purpose , recede from a labour begun ,

’

Powerless to keep from the borders. of Italy Troy s great son ,

w 9 w as Stayed by the fro n , forsooth , of the Fates Yet Pallas free

to th e Argive navies fire , and to whelm their crews in sea ,

One wild wrong to avenge by Oilean Aj ax done

’ Hurled from the cloud s w ith her own right hand Jove s lightning and

Scattered their vessels whirled from its deep foundations the w ave

And as the hero breathed from his cloven bosom the fire ,

’ a d sea- t o Caught in a tempest , and flung him on j gg rocks expire

’ w h o o w n I , in high heaven move as a queen , the Omnipotent s

s Si ter and consort , battle against one nation alone

’ w These long years . What mortal to Juno s presence ill bow

’ i o r v o w 9 St ll in devotion , lay on her altar a suppliant s

’ [ E So , with a flaming soul , to the far olia s shore

- s w Land of the rain cloud , teeming ith wild south winds evermore

s ZEolu s in s Ha tened the Queen . Here , King , a cavern va t

Over reluctant storm and resounding hurricane blast

- s w . Hold dominion , and curbs them ith fetter and dungeon chain — They in rebelliou s passion the huge hill g roaning again T — 74 H E f E N E /D I . 5 6 7 7

Rave at the barrier doors . By his keep sits , sceptre in hand ,

ZEolu s w calms their fury , and holds their rath in command ;

s w El e would rushing winds , in the s ift impetuous race ,

Sw eep great earth and the sea and the heavens through lu minous space .

Wherefore Jove has confined them in caverns deep as the night

Ov er 'them - piled earth mountains , a mass of measureless height

Set them a king , moreover , who knows by certain decree

to . Wisely to loose or tighten the reins , as his mission may be

w sh e Lo ly petition makes to the God Great sire , who art given

w F Po er on the deep by the Monarch of men and ather of Heaven ,

t o With thy breezes to smooth , or raise its waves in the gale ,

- Over the Tuscan waters to day mine enemies sail ,

Bearing to Italy Troy and the vanquished Ilian gods .

Arm with furv the winds overwhelm their ships in the floods

sea Or in disorder drive them , and strew their hosts on the Twice seven maidens of loveliness rare in my palace are mine

Deio eia Thine shall p , the fairest and loveliest , be

as h er Wedded wife shall remain , the years roll over , thine ,

Bearing thee beauteous children , for this thy service to me .

0 “ Thine , Queen , he replies , be the task thy wish to explore — FEolu s owns one mission to do thy will evermore . — I. 7 8 9 8 TH E xE N E J D

This poor kingdom he hold s is of thee this sceptre and crow n

’ Thine ; thou smoothest for him the Olympian Thunderer s frown .

Thou hast raised him to sit w ith gods at the banqueting board ;

’ ’ - s s Made him the storm cloud s king and the tempe t sovereign lord .

w his When he had spoken , he smote on the mountain side ith lance

to O Turned the cave ; and the winds , through the outlet pened , advance ,

’ in Rush battalions forth , o er earth in a whirlwind sweep ,

S w oop to the sea and convulse t o its inmost hollows the deep

s . E ast wind j oining the West , and the South wind thick with its squall

Huge w aves under them roll to the sh oreward . Mariner calls

’ Fe llow s s , and rattle of heets . Clouds snatch from the Teucrians ight

Sunlight and sky ; on the waters in darkness settles the night .

Lightnings rapidly flash loud t hunder is pealed from the skies

’ Death upon all sides gathers before each mariner s eyes .

N ow are the limbs of the great ZEn eas with fear unbound .

Groaning and lifting to heaven clasped hands Thrice happy , he

w ho Yea , and a fourth time happy , the glorious souls found ,

’ ’ s Under their fathers eyes and beneath Troy s rampart , death

s Ah thou noblest of Danaan foes , Tydide , that I

’ w as w s Never on Troy s far plains allo ed a a soldier to die ,

’ Breathi n g on thy bright weapon my life s la st breath to the air ; —1 2 0 7 6 TH E XE N E ID 1 . 99

o f is Where by the sword Achilles laid fierce Hector , and where

Giant Sarpedon lies w here Simois under his wave

Hurries buckler and helmet and many a w arrior brave

s ! w Wild , proud word and a whistling storm from the North dre nigh ,

s sk . Took all canvas aback , and uprolled great flood to the y

Oars are shattered ; the bows fall o ff ; and the sides to the deep

n Heel ; great mountains behind them o f water cre sted a d steep .

High on the seething flood some hang ; from the j aw s of the wave

Others behold earth open ; the sand comes churned w ith the surge .

Three of the ships on invisible ledges the South winds drave

w Altars Italy calls them , the reefs hich billows submerge , — Monstrous spines in the watery wast e Three more of the band

of E ast winds forced from the deep to the quicks and the shallows land ,

in . Broke upon banks , and around them ridges gathered the sand

w One , ith faithful Orontes and all his Lycian troop ,

s se a s t o n E ven in ight of the hero , a huge mo e the poop

s s his st Headlong da hed to the billows , her helmsman weeps from po ,

an d his is w Hands outstretched vessel thrice Spun round on the ave ,

w i Then goes do n in the rush of the sw irling floods and s lost .

sw s w . s Scattered immer are seen on the aters Arm of the brave ,

i s s a . Planking of sh ps , and the trea ure of Ilion flo t on the brine

N o w is s s s t the gallant ve el of Ilioneu , and hine ,

8 TH A E II) I 2 —I 6 I 7 E N E I . 4

Peace to the billows he gives , more swift than speech upon lips ;

s s Scatters the clouds that have gathered , the sun bring back from eclip e .

Triton and sea nymph lift with a strain each vessel that lies

- Speared on the sea rock splinters . His trident Neptune plie s

. w Opens a channel in quicksands wild E ach billo subsides ,

w his - And on the face of the aters light wheeled chariot glides .

A s s w w in a great a sembly , hen Discord leaps at a ord

Suddenly forth , and ignoble crowds with fury are stirred

w of Firebrands fly , stones volley , the eapons furnished wrath ,

If peradventure among them a Man stand forth in the path

Loyal and grave , long honoured for faithful service of years ,

Seeing his face they are silent , and wait with listening ears

e He with his counsel calms th ir souls , assuages their ire .

’ 1 ’ So sank Ocean s thunders , as soon as the Ocean s sire

on s s Looked the deep , and riding at peed through a cloudles blue

hi his as s flew . Guided horses , and loosened the reins chariot

i ’ Tired of to l , Troy s mariner sons for the neighbouring land

’

w w . E agerly make on the ind , and turn to ards Africa s strand

s to Dow n a secluded inlet a spot lies , fa hioned be

s sea. Haven of rest , by an Island that spreads her ides to the

Every wave that arrives from the s eaw ard breaks and divides

ee n e 1 06 . S ot , 1 I OZ —I SI TH E z E N E /l) . 7 9

Into a curving current that round in a channel glides .

Huge cliffs flank it on either extreme twin peaks to the skies

Point in defiance beneath them a slumbering water lies ,

n Silent and safe . On the height , for a background , glimmeri g glade .

’ f O er it the sombre gloom o a forest tossing in shade .

Facing the deep is a cave inlaid in a precipice sweet

n Fou tain freshets within it , and stone unhewn for a seat

Home of the nymphs . Here weariest barks ride ever unmoored ,

’ Never to shore by the bite of an anchor s hook are secured .

s Yonder with seven of his vessel , survivors sole of his band ,

ZEn eas . Enters the sire His Troj ans , longing for land ,

on Leap from the ships the coveted earth , then wearily cast

Down on the welcome beach their enfeebled bodies at last .

Sparks from a pebble Achates strikes on a cradle of leaves

Nurses the flame dry fuel aroun d it feeds and receives

Swiftly a blaze fo r his torch : Then forth from the vessels are borne

- s Sea spoiled grain , and the weapons of Cere , goddess of corn .

’ n Tired of the world s lo g trouble , anon each mariner brave

Bakes in the fire , then crushes , his barley snatched from the wave .

ZEn eas his Climbing a rock , explores meanwhile with glance

All the horizon of waters , in search of an Antheus here ’ 8 A 1 ) — 2 0 THE . E E 1 1. 1 82 2 0

- i s —o r Tempest tossed with his Phryg an ves els , yonder , perchance ,

- ’ or m Caic u s . Capys , high on the ste s a shield and spear

Not one ship is in sight on the deep . Three stags on the beach

h w Straying he notes , and behind them , the great erd , follo ing each ,

’ w s Browses in long line over the vale . Troy s arrior stand

’ bow w - o s Seizes the and the s ift winged bolts fr m Achates hand ,

. o Borne by the henchman trusty The leaders first , as they g

w h is l Tossing their antlered foreheads , he lays ith arrows o w

Smite s the inglorious commoners next ere long they are seen

s o f n Flying in w ild confusion apace through cover gree .

o n Hot pursuit he withholds not , until he has laid the plain

w s Seven huge beasts , and the number of vessels matched ith the lain .

his Thence to the harbour retracing his way , shares all with band

’ Portions among them wines that Acestes on Sicily s strand

s o f w o f Gave them , in ca ks , his bounty , the fare ell gift a chief

’ w of his Gently with ords counsel assuaging Troj ans grief.

s w s w Comrade in other days we have kno n Mi fortune ell ,

ff Ills more dire ye have su ered ; and these too Heaven will di spel .

’ — ’ Scylla s monster s her caverns that rang to the w ild sea s shocks

s s Bravely ye faced ere now and the terrible Cyclop rock .

Summon your ancient courage ; aw ay with sorrow ful fears ;

s Memory even of this may be j oy in the distant year . 2 0 —2 2 TH E [ N E ID I I . 4 3 E S

’ s s Still toward Latium s shore we advance , through dangers and woe ,

f Where o u r De stiny points to a promised land o repose .

Troy once more shall yonder a glorious kingdom raise .

d s Steel your souls to endure , and await those happier ay .

’ m O s So Troy s hero spake , and with ightiest trouble ppre sed

w hi Feigns bright hope in his eye grief d ells unseen in s brea st .

’ t o Then the hunter s spoil they betake them , banquet prepare ,

Strip from the ribs the enveloping hides , till the flesh lies bare .

l as Some cut morse s and spit them , yet they quiver in death

o n s h Caldrons place the hore set fire to the fuel beneat .

fe e d i sw Generous the r vigour revives they rest on the ard ,

w fl a o n s . Mello wine in the g , and veni on fat on the board

w Hunger appeased at the end , hen the festal tables are clear ,

o n e Long they dwell the friends they have lost , h pe balancing fear ,

Doubtful whether to deem that the loved ones live , or if all

Suffer the final sorrow and hear no voices that call .

’ ZEn eas Foremost among Troy s mourners the good , behold ,

b s d Wails in despair y turns his Oronte faithful and bol ,

Amycus fallen in death , and before his time , by the wave , — Lycus cruelly taken , Cloanthus , Gyas the brave .

w as Now lament already at end , when Jove from the skies 82 H E E N I 2 2 —2 T E D I . 4 46

-w w Looking on sail hite Ocean , and sleeping E arth here she lies

’ e o n Belted with shores and pe ples , heaven s high summit at last

o f Paused , and his godlike glance to the kingdoms Libya cast .

s There as the Sire Almighty on cares terre trial mused ,

w w More than her ont cast down , bright eyes ith her tears suffused

: w Thus saith Venus the fair Great King , hose thunderings strike

w s s i Terror in all , ho e laws everla t ng govern alike

w w E arthly and heavenly orlds , hat sin so dire hath he sinned ,

o r his This my beloved , Troj ans , that , though by death they are thinned ,

All inhabited E arth still closes against them , to bar

’ Italy s land ? Yet thence w ere to ris e in the age s afar

of Romans , rulers of men , great lords the land and the main .

9 . a Thou didst promise it , Sire What purpose turns thee gain

’ ’ Tw as herewith I con s oled me in all Troy s ruin I cast

r Into the balance h e future against her fate in the past .

Still one fortune tracks their path through myriad w oe s

e 9 When , great King , will the end be , and toil give place to repos

w a Safe from the midst of the Danaan hosts , Antenor his y

’ w w Wound through Illyria s aters , to here , inlaid in her bay ,

i Libu rn ian . his L e the kingdoms He plied unhindered oars ,

Tim av u s Doubled the cape and the sources from whence pours ,

a sea Where , through nine huge clefts in groaning mountain , the

Bursts as a torrent , and drowns with a thundering water the lea 2 —2 68 TH E z E /VE ID I . 47

Natheless built for his Troj ans a Padua here on the shores ,

n ew - his his Gave t o a born nation name , and , wanderings past ,

Hung at the shrine his shield , sleeps peacefully there at the last .

s s We , thy race , long promi ed the skie , lie yonder , bereft

S — o f hame untold our ships , and a prey to the enemy left ,

’

s . Parted , for one fierce goddess s wrath , from Italian hore

’ ’ Are these loyalty s honours 9 Is thi s Troy s throne to restore 9

Smiling upon her with that calm smile that illumines again

s Tempe t and sky , the Immortal Father of Gods and of men

’ s his Touched with a gentle ki s beloved one s lips , and replied

Cease thy fear , Cytherea . The Fates thy race that abide

s E ver remain unchanged . Thou yet halt look on the fair

City and promised w alls o f Lav in ium proudly upbear

’ s son - Yet to the heaven s bright star thy with the hero soul .

s Nor is my purpose changed . Since care thus rack thee , the scroll

’ F s urther I read thee , Fate dark page still further unroll .

W ’ ’ ar s great flame he shall kindle in Italy , vanquish the land s

his Fierce wild tribes , found cities and peaceful ways for band s .

i T ll three summers have seen him enthroned in Latium reign ,

’ Armies encamped three winters on conquered Ardea s plain .

s After him , youthful A can , Iulus named but of late — Ilu s he w as w hile Ilion ruled in imperial state 8 - 2 £ N I . 2 6 1 4 TH E . E D I 9 9

s n m Thrice ten glorious year of revolvi g months shall co plete ,

’ o f his Lav in iu m s Then transfer the abode sires from seat ,

‘ i Walling n stren gth Long Alba . And there in unbroken chain

Full three hundred years shall the children of Hector reign

t o w ar - Till her god lover a priestess , queen upon earth ,

tw o . Ilia fair , conceiving , has brought sons at a birth

w s of his w - Proud of the yello kin olf nurse , Romulus then

’ - w Charge shall assume of the people , the War god s alls among men

hi s o n s w s t . Found , and bequeath to Roman his illu rious name

i Boundaries neither of space n or of time for these I procla m .

w h o n o w Endless power I have given them and angered Juno ,

w w s w Tires ith her idle fears heaven , earth , and the ater belo ,

i s s s w Turn ng to better coun els , with me hall cheri h and cro n

o f s o f i w Lords the world , thy Roman , the race the glor ous go n .

So have I w illed There comes in the rolling age s a d ay

Assarac an o n h When an people their yoke Pht ia shall lay ,

’ ae w i s Yea , and Mycen mighty , and rule th a conqueror s corn

’ a h Argos the proud . Then C esar of Troy s brig t blood shall be born ,

his his firm am en t Bounding throne by Ocean , fame by the floor ,

hi s . Julius hight , from Iulus , great forefather of yore

to Thine ere long receive him in heaven , thy fears at an end ,

w . to o w Laden ith E astern trophies To him , , vo s shall ascend .

w s si Rude Time , axing mellow , hall lay fierce battles a de

86 TH E z E N E /D - 1 . 303 3 2 9

n on — Fain would he lear who rule y plains , mankind or the lone

t —for Beas s of the forest round him he sees but a desert unknown .

i n l Buried sloping woods , with a ho low rock overlaid ,

of Compassed with trees of the forest and depths shuddering shade ,

s w Ve sels he leaves then strides ith Achates only to land ,

- Brandishing two bright spears , each iron belted , in hand .

him 10 When his immortal mother before , in the glade

o f Stands , in the features fair and the raiment and arms a maid

w Spartan seems , or the s ift Harpalyce , virgin of Thrace ,

Hebru s Tiring her horses , and passing the rapids in race .

See from her shoulder slung in a huntre ss fashion the bow

. w sh e s fl ow Ready to hand On the inds has loo ed her tresses to ,

s u lo o ed s . Bare at the knee , and her fluttering fold p p for the cha e “ s s Tell me , she cries , fair irs , if among these fore ts astray

s s One of my si ter nymph ye have seen , perchance , by the way

o f s Armed with quiver , and mantle potted lynx , to his home

Pressing with hounds , full cry , some wild boar covered with foam .

ZEn e as Thus spake Venus the mother , and thus again

s d None of thy si ter maids have I hear , nor seen in the glen ,

u— 9 a Tho yet whom shall I call thee For neither mortal thy f ce ,

o s s ! Nor of the earth thine accents . A g ddes urely of race

t o r 9 Art thou sister o Phoebus , one of the nymphs by birth 0 — 1 T ~E I . 33 35 H E - N E] D 87

’ o n Gracious be , and relieve us , howe er men call thee earth .

Tell u s beneath what skies and on what far shores we are blown

s n ot n Wanderers here among tribe that we know and wilds unknow .

sea dr u s s Storms have scattered us hither , the great iven a tray .

Speak , and many a victim before thy shrine I will slay .

0 w to w N such godlike honours I deem me orthy ear ,

’ Venus replies Tyre s maidens are wonted quivers to bear ,

Thus with a purple buskin they boot them high as the knee .

i Tyrians ; Pun c soil ; an Agenor colony w e .

Libyans hold on the marches , a race untamed by the spear .

’ i — a D do reigns in the land , Tyre s daughter fugitive here

Fled from a brother . The grief is a winding story and long ,

s t w . Swiftly my tale hall travel , and ouch but lightly her rong — Wife to Sych aeus once o f the landed nobles in Tyre — Wealthie st lord sh e had loved him with passion deep as his own

Maid to his arms was given amid omens fair by her sire ,

r Omens that bless first love . Ere long on the Ty ian throne

Reigned Pygmalion , monster unrivalled in hellish deed .

n his Anger betwee them arose and the godless king in greed ,

ae w While Sych us prayed at the altar fires , ith the sword

’

w n or his s . Sle him unarmed , regarded sister love for her lord

Long he concealed his crime from the day long time her bereaved 2 — 88 TH E /EN E[ D I . 3 5 374

Bosom with evil wiles and with fruitless hopes he deceived

Till in her visions the ghost of her lord unburied appeared ,

s Pale apparition , ari ing in wondrous manner and weird ;

Showed her the pitiless shrine , and his breast transfixed with the knife .

So was the secret guilt of the brother told to the wife .

s w Then from the home of her father the phantom bade her a ay ,

Bringing to view once more a forgotten treasure that lay

t o u . Long from the daylight buried , aid her in flight nseen

to . Dido , alarmed , makes ready , her comrades summoned , fl ee

o f is w All whose hate the tyrant fierce , hose terrors are keen ,

w fo r Meet and conspire . They seize upon vessels aiting sea ,

’ s Load their treasure , and sail and the gold , Pygmalion greed , — Fades on the distant waters a woman prompting the deed .

S w afely the Libyan shores they reached , here yonder arise

w n s w Fro ni g wall and the towers of a ne born town to the skies ,

u of w on Bo ght such measure land as an oxhide measures , and

’ Byrsa s name for the region by what that day they had done .

th Tell me in turn y nation from what shores hither ye hie ,

’ —H e Whither away . rej oins w ith a broken voice and a sigh

s If from the outset , godde s , I sought my grief to unfold ,

to ou r Hadst thou leisure to listen all tragedy told ,

’ n Eveni g before I ended would close heaven s gates on the day .

6— 1 9 0 TH E z E N E ID I . 39 4 7

- Some from above surveying the resting place they have found .

w or s Rallied from flight they play on the hirr of the wing , in throng

Circle the shining zenith , and chant their victory songs ,

s s t or So thy ve sel and bro hers the haven have entered , bend

! N o w full sail for its mouth . Go follow the path to the end .

sh e Then as turned to depart , in the sunlight suddenly gleamed

w All her roseate throat . From her locks ambrosial ble

Heavenly fragrance . Down to her feet her raiment streamed ,

’ n And in her step Heaven s goddess was seen . Whe his mother he

Loudly he lifted his voice in pursuit Why , mother unkind ,

Cheat thy son so often with phantoms false as the wind

Heartless as others thou 9 Shall I never lay within thine

w 9 This right hand , hear thy true voice , make answer ith mine

Fondly reproaching her thus , to the ramparts forward he fares .

o w ' Venus clothes them about , as they g , ith murkiest airs

s Veils them in mist , le t any descry them coming , or lay

r k o as w . Hand upon theirs , or detain them , them whither a ay

s She herself to her Paphos her voyage wings through the skie ,

o w Visits with j y once more the abode here her temple lies ,

o n har Where a hundred altars Sa an censers fume ,

Where sweet scents are wafted from garlands ever in bloom . — 0 TH E { N / I . 4 1 8 44 E E D 9 I

' t w They meanwhile march onward , the pa hway s sho ing obey ,

w Climb ere long to the ranges that hang round Carthage , and fro n

' ZEn eas Over her citadel s front . in awe looks down ,

t Marvels at gian walls where lately a hamlet lay ,

f . Noise o a peopled city , the gate , and the levelled way

o n Busily toil y Tyrian crowds , trace bastions planned ,

Build their fortress towers , uproll their boulders by hand

d Some choose sites , and the dwelling entrench with furrows aroun

Judges , and laws , and a Senate in sacred maj esty found

Delve foundations for haven or theatre yet to be born ,

Quarry from rocks huge pillars , the future stage to adorn .

S0 , in the earliest summer , the flowery meadows among ,

s w Under the sunlight labour the bee , hile guiding their young

Now full grown , or when heaping the clear bright honey , or when

Filling with nectar sweet their cells to the bursting again

Lighten the newly arrived of the load , or in companies drive

”

d . Drones , an inglorious army of i lers , far from the hive

’ ’ Such is the bees sw eet fever in summer s earliest prime

So is the fragrant honey for ever scented with thyme .

Nation blest of the Gods thy walls already arise !

’ Saith Troy s chief, as he bends on a glorious city his eyes .

s Clothed all round with a cloud , then , marvel to tell , draw nigh

is . E nters , and mingles among them , seen by never an eye 1 I—6 9 2 TH E z E N E ID . 44 4 3

D eep in the heart of the city , a grove lay stretching in shade ,

the Where long tossed on the waves , and a sport by hurricanes made ,

- ’ Punic hosts had exhumed on arrival a war steed s head ,

—for s sh e Sign foretold by Juno o in the battle , said ,

s . Should they ever be famous , and Heaven on their harvests hine

of Here was a temple building by Dido , vast design ,

’

s . Offerings princely enriched it , and Juno presence divine

- Stairs lead up to a threshold of brass , brass riveted plates

Clamp each post , and the hinge upon brazen panelling grates .

Lo s w in the sacred hado of this great thicket , a thing

s ZEn eas Pas ing strange first lightened from fear the King ,

hi ’ i Taught him s fortune s ru n t o bear w ith a hopeful heart .

W h e of hile in the temple vast explores each marvel art ,

Waiting the Punic Queen at the favoured lot of the land

’ ’ — s w Marvelling , artist cunning , and orkman s diligent hand

’ ’ w s Ranged on the walls Troy s battles he sees , Troy s glorious ar

’ Famed already through heaven s great sphere to the fi rm am en t star s — ~— w . Priam , the Atreus brethren , Achilles foe to the t ain

” ’ w Pausing he eeps What region , he cries , upon earth s wide plain ,

0 9 What far land but is full , Achates , of Troj an pain

to w is ss d Priam is here , here meed heroic orth a igne ,

w Tears are to human sorro s given , hearts feel for mankind .

‘ ’

s s w s n s . Fear not , he crie Troy glory ill ave thee in da ger till

N 8 94 TH E E E TD l . 4 7 5 08

Priam unarmed , to the foeman extending impotent hands .

Charging the foremost Greeks himself in the front he can mark ,

t h e . Hosts from the Morning land , and armour of Memnon the dark

m o on sha ed Leading her Amazon squadron , with shields that are p , there

Furious Penthe silea is cleaving a myriad foes ;

Binds with a golden belt one breast that her robe leaves bare ,

w . Ventures , arrior virgin , with men in the battle to close

’ so n m While with astonished soul Troy s each arvel surveys ,

While yet silent he stands in a long and unbroken gaze ,

s Lo to the temple the Queen , in her hining beauty and grace ,

Marches , and round their monarch the Tyrian chivalry pace .

As on the far Eurotas banks or the Cynthian height

s Dances the maiden Diana , a thou and Oreads bright

sh e Troop in her train , on her shoulders bears her quiver , and high

Carries her glorious beauty above all queens of the sky ,

si While Latona her mother is thrilled with lent delight ,

’ sh e s So seemed Dido , as j oyous moved among all men s eye ,

Rapt on her rising walls and her kingdom yet to arise .

’ at Under the sloping roof, the sacred goddess s gate ,

Girt with her warrior hosts o n a throne uplifted sh e sate

’ Justice dealt to her people ; the workmen s labour in plot s

f o . Parcelled by equal portion , or gave by drawing lots 0 - 0 TH E E N E / I . 5 9 5 3 D

W o f hen in the midst a concourse vast , on a sudden , behold ,

s Antheus yonder arrives , Sergestus , Cloanthu the bold

Others besides of his Troj an s by tempests black as the night

’ Scattered and driven to a distant shore . Troy s chief at the sight

w w Stands , ith Achates , silent and ondering ; terror and j oy

w o f Sway them in turn they fain would greet their fello s Troy ,

Did not the mystery daunt them . And best they deem it to wait ,

’ s Hid in surrounding darknes , to learn their followers fate

W w 10 here their ships may be lying , and hat their errand ; for ,

“ ’ ’ from ev er s Chosen y vessel the fleet s amba sadors go ,

w s s Praying a grace , and advancing ith hout to the temple gate .

ss t o E ntrance given , and permi ion to break their tale her ears ,

Thus with a grave composure began their eldest in year s

’ Queen w hom Jupiter s favour permits thy city to found

w Here in the land , and to bridle ith law wild nations around ,

’ - e We Troy s ill starred sons , l ng tossed by the winds on the deep ,

r to Pray thee the fireb and fell from the Troj an vessels keep .

u s . . Spare , a loyal people Thyself of our story inquire

’ Not upon Libya s hearth s to descend with sword and with fire

t o . Hither we come , nor drive to the shore thy flocks No unmeet

In solence ours ; pride fits not a people bowed by defeat .

is i There a spot , in the tongue of the Greek Hesperia h ght , 6 TH E xE - 9 N E ID 1 . 5 3 1 5 5 3

Ancient , puissant in arms , and the fruits of a bountiful earth .

’ ’ Tw as (En otria s colony once men later of birth

’ t o f Italy call it , the legend saith , from a chief ain might .

o - Thither we sailed , when Orion , in st rm clouds hiding the heaven ,

s w Raised on a udden the aves , and on shoals concealed we were driven .

Boisterous hurricanes smote o ur ships seas over the bark

w w s Broke we ere s ept amid rocks that are pathless , flood that are dark .

d Few o ur number that hither have floated safe from the eep .

What strange nation is here 9 w hat fierce barbarians keep

s 9 s These wild way They deny us the helter poor of the strand ,

- u s sea . Trumpets sound , and forbid to rest on the bare sand

If mankind ye regard not , nor mortal weapons ye heed ,

h ’ n f w o . Think o the Gods herea ter , judge men s every deed

Great ZEn e as of late our king ; earth never shall see

s u or . Soul more j u t , more faithf l , greater in battle than he

h ere i If Fate still our has left , and on heavenly l ght

n o r as i Still he be fed , be sleeping yet in the merciless n ght ,

’ s is Nothing w e fear . Nor repent that in friend hip s race it thine

Fir st to begin . There are cities in Sicily , warriors bright ,

t . Royal Aces es , born of a glorious Teucrian line

u t o s s Grant s hale , I beseech thee , our hattered vessels on hore ,

h In thy w oods to refit them and strip them boughs for t e oar .

et So , to Italian shores if y by fate we be sent ,

8 TH E E N E J D — 9 I . 5 7 7 5 96

Envoys trusty shall hie , and her utmost borders explore ,

Lest in her cities or forests he wander wrecked on the shore .

Gladness fell on the twain as they listened . Even from the first ,

Long their hearts had desired , yea burned , from darkness to burst .

Silence Achates the bold first breaks What purpose is thine ,

- 9 Goddess born for in safety behold thy people and mine ,

Ships and companions found . One missing alone of our brave s

Drowned ourselves we beheld him of late in the midst of the wave s .

’ All else answers truly the word of thy mother divine .

n Eve ere yet he has spoken , the mist enfolding the place

Parts unbidden and clears into cloudless splendour of heaven .

ZEn eas Forth stood , in the sunlight gleaming , his face

’ his for 10 Fair as a god s , and shoulders his mother had given

Shining locks to her child , and herself had breathed from the skies

Manhood ’ s glorious lustre and noble j oy in his eyes

’ a s to As when an artist s hand dd beauty ivory cold ,

Or when silver or marble is set in the yellow of gold .

’ to t o on First the Queen , t“hen loudly all , and all men s eyes s E Suddenly fla hing Behold , it is I , neas , he cries ,

’ ZEn eas Troy s , saved from the floods of the Libyan main —6 1 8 T I . 5 97 H E E N E/D

O Thou , Queen , that alone hadst pity on Teucrian pain ,

s Who with the remnant the Greeks have left , long since with the ore

of sea Troubles of land and outworn , and in all things poor ,

Share st —I kingdom and city have not , Queen , of my store

’ ffi to N o t Dard an ia s Thanks su cient pay thee . all race

Over the great world scattered can duly requite thy grace .

If gods look from the skies on the righteous , if upon earth

Just deeds done , and a soul that is stainless , still be of worth ,

w May the Immortals rightly re ard thee Happy the days ,

' sirés so Kingly the that begat thee , a child noble in ways

w sea n While streams do nward run to the , while shadows o high

- sk Travel the mountain slopes , and the stars are fed from the y ,

Dido ’ s glory and fame shall be nigh me in every land

o h e his Whither I go . S saying , reaches brave right hand

Serestu s First to the aged chieftain , his left to gave ,

t the . Then o others in turn , brave Gyas , Cloanthus brave

Silent the Queen at his first approach , then silent the more ,

’ rv Pondering the hero s sto . The stillness broken at last

What fate still pursues thee for ever through dangers sore 9 What fell power upon these wild coa“sts thy vessels has e ast 9 ZEn eas sh e w s Art thou indeed , saith , hom Venu the fair

Once to Anchi ses of Troy on the banks of the Simoi s bare 9 6 1 —6 2 1 00 TH E E N EID I. 9 4

I Yea , remember to Sidon how Teucer , driven from his land ,

to s . Wandered , seeking a throne and Belu stretching his hand

’ Twas in the years when Belus my sire , with a ravaging horde ,

Swept over fruitful Cyprus and reigned by right of his sword .

’ Even in those old days I knew Troy s sorrow sublime ,

l i ’ Knew thy name and the princes of old Pe asg a s prime .

Come then , warriors brave , in my palace rest ye at last ;

I n by a destiny like your own , long wanderi gs past ,

Here upon quiet shores was allotted peace at the end

N ot sad . unacquainted with sorrow , the I learn to befriend

sh e E Then to her palace leads neas , bidding the shrine

Blaze with festival honours in every temple divine ;

Not unmindful to send to the far sea-shore for the crews

of Twice ten bulls and a hundred bristling shoulders of swine ,

Fatted lambkins a hundred , beside them the mother ewes ,

Adding the j oyous gifts of Iacchus , lord of the Vine .

Now in imperial splendour the inner palace arrayed

of Decks for the feast in the heart the halls high banquet is laid .

Coverlets cunningly wrought in their purple pride are unrolled ,

Silver massed on the tables , and chased upon goblets of gold

of t Glorious feats of her fathers , a tale valour hat ran

Through generations of heroes brave since memory began .

TH E z E N E l D — 1 02 1 . 666 6 88

s . Lo I betake me , implore thy power upon uppliant knee

How ZEn eas s thy brother has roamed round every coa t ,

’ s By the malignant Juno s hate unceasingly to sed ,

Thou hast beheld ; full often with mine hast mingled a tear .

i his Now with her flattering voice this Tyr an , charming ear ,

n s Holds him in thrall . I tremble whe Juno welcomes the gue t

’ so w sh e Ne er , at the hinge of an hour great , ill slumber or rest .

h r Wherefore mean I betimes to surprise e , compass the Queen

’ ’ w With Love s fires , and around her to dra Love s circle unseen ,

’ So sh e that at no god s pleasure change , but for ever remain

’ IEn eas Bound to mine own by Love s immutable chain .

Learn how best to achieve the design . First care of my heart

’ ow h as N at his father s summons , the prince planned to depart ,

sea o f Bearing the gifts that remain from the and the ashes Troy .

’ ’ C th era s High in y range or Idalia s mountain steep ,

on L ulled my breast , I will lay him in some far temple asleep ,

- s o r . Le t my purpose he learn , arrive ill timed at the scene

’ Ma sk for a single night in the child s thy heavenly mien

- o f . Boy thyself, take on thee the well known face the boy

to o When her bosom she clasps thee , the Queen , in j y of her soul

When at the royal board wine flows in stream from the bowl ,

When her embrace is about thee , her sweet kiss set on thy lip ,

i Fire her with fires that are hidden and give her poison to s p . 1 68 —0 TH E E N E H ) 1 . 9 7 9 03

Love performs the command of the mother he cherishes , shakes

From him his plumes , and proudly the tread of Iulus takes .

Over the limbs of her Ascan the tranquil w aters of sleep

’ on Venus bestows , then bears him to groves Idalia s steep ,

Lulled on her bosom . Beneath him a yielding amaracus laid

- Folds him in bright hued flow ers and in fragrant bowery shade .

’ l l o n his So fu fil ing his mother s behest , Love goes way

his Led by Achates , armed with Trojan presents , and gay

a Under her roy l curtains , her raiment round her composed ,

i Throned on a golden da s , the Queen already reposed ,

’ ZEn eas Centre of all , as he came . and Troy s bright train

There upon purple couches to right and t o left have lain .

Slaves on their hands pour water from fountains sparkling and

v . Ser e in baskets the bread , bring napkins of delicate wool

Maidens fifty in number within are appointed to keep

s to . Stored the provi ion , and fire on the household altars heap

u Maidens a hundred , pages a h ndred , as fair and as young ,

Le ad . on the banqueting table the feast , lay goblets along

Tyrians t o o this festival night to the palace repair

Ranged as they enter o n couches embroidered w ith colours fair

’ o n Gaze the Troj an gifts , on the youthful Teucrian s eyes 1 0 TH E E N / I 1 0 - 2 4 E D . 7 7 9

’ Glowing with Love s bright godhead , admire his subtle replies ,

its Mantle and veil and acanthus in all yellowing bloom .

m of Fore ost among them , victim of future love and doom

i Gazes the Tyr an Queen , nor her longing heart can control

as she s Glows looks , by the boy and his present troubled in soul .

o f to Love in the arms the chief long hangs , clings fast him still ,

’ Feasting with tender caresses the father s heart to its fill ;

w Then to the Queen moves on . With her soul , ith her riveted eyes ,

she n t o d i Towards him lea s , her bosom enfol s him , l ttle doth know

How almighty a God has enthroned him there to her woe .

’ Acidalia s True to his mother , who rules fountain of grace ,

’ - t o ff Slow ly her dead lord s image the Love god seeks e ace ,

u Fain with a living passion her lifeless heart wo ld surprise ,

Strives once more to awaken a fire that slumbering lies .

After a hush on the banquet has fallen , fresh tables are placed ,

- Massive flag on s are set and with garlands the wine cup graced .

Din to the rafters sounds , and the roar of the voices is rolled

Over the spacious halls . From the golden ceilings of light

b . Lamps hang lazing , and torches with red flames conquer the night

sh e Soon for the goblet asks , all heavy with j ewels and gold ,

as s s Then with the vintage fills it , u ed great Belu and all

— 1 06 TH E [ EN EID 7 5 6

9 Memnon , son of the Morning , in what arms came he to fight

’ Diom ed s 9 9 steeds , what fashion and how was Achilles of height

O sh e Come , stranger , saith , from its early beginning relate

’ ’ o f Dan aan s All the cunning , and all thy followers fate

for Yea , and thy j ourneyings many , over the sea and the land

” This is the seventh summer that bears thy wandering band .

N 'OTE

O ea as th e e m is se i i an d th e m an s en es th e w a e s c n , t r u d by V rg l Ro , d ot t r

si e th e i a s o f H e es an d n o t th e s eas in w h ich ZEn e as was a in . out d P ll r rcul , voy g g

Ow in t o o ur o w n if eren e a hic a si i n th e w r is h w e e n n e c e g d f t g ogr p l po t o , o d , o v r , co t d

n ec essa i w i h m an o f o ur s r n e s im essi n s o f se a s en an d w i h m an r ly t y t o g t pr o c ery , t y

o f o u r i e i I h n e c i n h u h a ass c a i n s h a e e t o th e sea. a e u o e o l t r ry o t o t t r f r v , p r fl t , t o g t

it un n e es sa t o e c u e th e e m m u se in th e es en an s a i n w h ere e c ry x l d t r fro pr t tr l t o , v r

its em m en h h n o t s ic a c a e o es n o isa e ea e v i en c e t o th e ploy t , t oug tr tly c ur t , d d gr bl ol

c n e o t xt . D I II . ARGUMEN T

’ IEn eas ie in t o Di s in i a i n in s the s o f h e , y ld g do v t t o , beg tory t final

f T h n h aen w i h m e m en n s th e a o . T e w e se a f ll roy ood or , l d t r d , fi d , by

s a a em of Sin n a mi an w i h in th e w a s . A s s n as a n ss tr t g o , d tt ce t ll oo d rk e a i e s a si n a ash es m th e ee e th e h s is e s it s c o n rr v , g l fl fro Gr k fl et , or e d gorg c ealed ew th e a es are O en e to th e en em an d th e in a s s m cr , g t p d y, v der tor th e n IE n e s esc i e s h is a en s in th e a a n i h —an d tow . a d r b dv ture dur g f t l g t h o w at th e en d w h en m n in daw n s h e es a es wi h his a h e n , or g , c p t f t r upo h is h e h e n i h i hi s s ould rs to t e g b our ng ll .

1 1 0 TH E E N 1 — EID II . 5 3 5

Guided by heavenly wisdom of Pallas , build them a horse ,

w Vast as a mountain , and rib it ith timbers sawn from the pine

—se Feigned oblation for fair winds home , travels the tale .

Chosen warriors then in its secret hollows they hide

Soldiers drawn for the venture , encased in martial mail ,

Line the tremendous caverns and darksome folds of its side .

Facing the mainland shore lies Tenedos , ever renowned ,

Ever a power , while Priam reigned ; now only a reach

sea Washed by the , and to vessels a treacherous anchoring ground .

Thither crossed the Achaeans and hid on its desolate beach

M c en m sea Lay . We believed them gone to y over the

’ So all Teneria s land from a lasting sorrow is free .

Gates on their hinges roll ; to the Dorian trenches we pour

o Visit the silent scenes with j y , the abandoned shore .

Thessaly here was camped ; there cruel Achilles had lain

Yonder the vessels moored ; here spear met spear on the plain .

Some stand eyeing the horse , the oblation dire and accurst

Given to the virgin Goddess admire with a wondering gaze

’ i All its prodigious frame . Thymoetes voice s the first

’ s Bidding them breach Troy s wall , and the teed to the citadel rai s e .

’

o r so . Traitor perchance , Troy s fates already inclined

Capys and wiser spirits a Danaan treason divined — 6 TH E z E N I I . 3 5 7 E /D 1 1 1

w Deep would drown the suspicious and doubtful gift in the aves ,

o r w Fire it , search ith the steel the unbroken gloom of its caves .

Hither and thither the great crowd sways , uncertain of mind .

w When , to the front of the Troj an host , from the citadel bro — — R ushes Laocoon thousands around him breathless and sw ift

f : ~ s n o w 9 Shouts from a ar What madness , ye ill starred citizen , - ’ Think ye the enemy gone 9 Or w as ever a Dan aan s gift

Free from a snare 9 Of Ulysses is this what little ye kno w 9

Either within yon timbers in ambu sh crouches a foe

’ Or tis an engine of war to command our homes and surpri s e

Troy at a vantage . Under it hidden some treachery lies .

’ n ot s 0 ! Trust the hor e , Troj ans Whate er its errand , I fear

r ’ E ve a Danaan foeman , although with gifts he appear .

Then with the strength of a giant he hurled his ponderous lance

’ Into the monster s flank and the rounded belly s expanse .

In it the spear stood rooted and trembling . The echoing womb

Shook , and a thundering groan came back from the hollows of gloom .

Had not the Fates been froward , and blind our eyes to the light ,

’ h ad to fo em en s - Home we driven our spears the lair , and to night

’ ! Troy would yet be a city , and Priam s Pergama stand

s s lo Now to the royal presence the hepherd , of the land 1 1 0

n l i e a r Guided by heave y w sdom th m ho se ,

w t i a o the n Vast as a mountain , and rib i h t mbers s wn fr m pi e ; — w im se a l the a . Feigned oblation for fair home , tr ve s t le

Chosen warriors then in its m et hollows they hide

i dr v en t ie n ase in a tial a Sold ers awn for the , e c d m r m il ,

m d kso o s f i Line the tremendous c av e an dar me f ld o ts side .

ls e do s e e ren o w n ed Facing the mainland shore T ne , v r .

P Ii n ed n ow o n a reac E ver a power , while riam g ; ly h

sea w ee s a eac ro us an c o r n r n d . Washed by the , and to l tr he h i g g o u

Thither cros sed the Achze an an d hid o n its d eso late beac h

o : to M ce n re o ve r t he a Lay . We believed them g y se

’ s tin s rro w is So all Ten eria s land from aa g o free .

Gates on their hinge s ro ll i t he Do rian tre n c hes w e po ur ;

s s w the aban do n ed sh Vi it the silent scene ith jy, o re .

Thessaly here w as camped ; here c ruel A c hill es had lain

Yonder the vessels moo red ; 1e re spear me t spe ar on the

Some stand eyeing the ho rsr the o blat io n

Given to the Virgin Goddes s ad mi re w ith

' All its prodigious frame . flymoete s lidding them breach Troy

Traitor perchance , or

lapys a

8-8 1 1 1 2 TH E E N EID I I . 5

Hale , amid shouts and with mighty rej oicings , a youth unknown ,

o f Hands fast bound . In the path he had met them , purpose planned ,

a a There to be captive made , and betr y to Ach eans the town ;

Calm in his valiant heart , all ventures ready to hail ,

Either to work his cunning , or die sure death if he fail .

Crowds to the sight come thronging on all sides eagerly round

Tro . Gather the jan youths , mock gaily the prisoner bound

’ ’ Dan aan s Hark to the tale of a craft , and from one man s crime

0 ! Judge , Queen of the nation .

Unarmed , confused , as he stands ,

Casting his eyes on the armies of Phrygia What far lands ,

9 ’ What far seas will receive me he cries . What hope is in time

sad — — lo Left for a soul so , amid Argives homeless , and

w as fe e Troj ans eye me in rath , and demand my life a

Anger is changed to compassion ; the hands uplifted to slay

Hold their fury . We bid him his name and lineage say ,

What can he bring , how hopes he , a captive , death to delay .

t o r 0 lo t Bi ter sweet , King , be my future , I will speak

’ t o w o n Only the truth , he replies begin ith , w me a Greek

N or - , though Fortune makes me the ill starred Sinon ye see ,

t o Shall she , with all her malice , a liar make me thee .

If of the glorious chief Palamedes ever ye heard , 1 82 —1 0 TH E E N / 1 . 4 E D 1 1 3

’ s By an accuser s unhallowed lip , since peace he preferred ,

u Dan aan s Falsely denounced , and to death nj ust by the done

su n Guiltless they slew him , lament him , his eyes now closed to the

I was his comrade near and companion hither as boy

Sent by a father needy , beneath his banner , to Troy .

w E re he was shorn of his kingly degree , hile honoured he sate

i - t Still in the counc l chamber of monarchs , name and esta e

hi to o . s I , , held at his side When Ulysses , hating worth ,

’ — ! - w — Drave him alas tis a well kno n tale from the sunlight and earth ,

Stricken , I still survived him , in tears and in gloom lived on ,

on w as Mused with indignant heart the blameless friend that gone .

Madman , I kept not silence , but sware , if a happier chance

Ever to Argos again should bring my conquering lance ,

I would avenge him . Upon me resentment bitter I drew .

Thence my misery dates . E ach hour from Ulysses anew

Came some slander to crush me ; his dark hints over the land

Broadcast ever he sowed ; conspirator , gathered his band .

Nor did his hatred sleep , till finding in Calchas the seer

Yet why vainly rel at e an unw elcome tale to thine ear

a are o n e Why still plead , if Ach eans all brood in your eyes ,

’ And tis enough that I call me a Greek ? Time tarries he crie s ;

Strike and avenge ye ! The Ithacan asks no deeper delight ;

’ h s Price untold will the brethren Atrid ze pay for t e ight . 1 1 E 11 1 0 —1 4 TH E N E/D . 5 2 7

— ’ All unversed in a crime so dark in a Dan aan s art

— i All untutored w e burn but the more t o inquire what s hid .

l Feigning alarm he pursues , stil playing his treacherous part

ae Often on flight the Ach ans resolved , longed often to bid

Troy and the lingering war farewell . Tempestuous gale ,

s Oft from the seaward ri ing , delayed them ready to sail

Often the south winds scared them . The loudest thunders of all

Pealed through the heaven ’ s expanse when the horse stood forth with its t

Timbers of maple . We send , perplexed , to the Delphian fane ,

ask sad Counsel to of the god , and re ceive answer of bale — B lood these w ild w in d s sated the blood of a maid en s lain

’ When ou r shi s 0 A ehw an s or Ili n s s hores set sail y p , , f o ;

l mu s bu ou r r e tu rn an d an Ar iv e sou l at the s hrin e B ood t y y , g

Die n ce m re . o o When the people had heard this message divine ,

Awe overwhelmed each heart , chill terror possessed each frame

se is he ate oreto ken ed an d w h m d o th the rac le c laim Who t f f , o o

Then to the midst of the troubled host , with furious cries

’ Ithaca s chief hales Calchas the seer , and the will of the skies

’ s Bids him expound . Even then the con pirator s pitiless crime

i saw . Many pred cted , or silently things hidden in time

’ is his Tw ice five days heaven s prophet mute , lies hid in tent ,

n a N on e will name for the knife , lets one to the alt r be sent

1 1 —6 1 6 TH E z E N E l D 11 . 49 1 9

’ t sa Soldier of Troy s hencefor h I enlist thee , and bid thee y

Why was the horse contrived with its giant frame 9 The design

9 to 9 Whose is it engine of war , or oblation brought the shrine

o f s Schooled in his lesson of Danaan guilt , to the stars the skie

’ n Lifti g his hands now loosened from chains Bear witness , he cries ,

n w s Fires everlasti g , powers august , hose maj e ty none

w Dares to profane , dire altars , and s ords unloved of the sun

’ w Whence I have fled , death s cro n that as victim late I have worn

t o Dan aan s w Free henceforth I hold me from oaths the s orn ,

Free to abhor their nation , and free their plots to disclose .

n ow w s . Home I have no longer , or land whose la I obey

w e Faith ith thy saviour keep , if I keep thee , Troy , from the f es ,

Tidings true if I bring thee , a noble price if I pay .

w as All our faith from the first , our hope since war begun ,

’ T d eu s im io u s son Rested on aid from Pallas . When y p ,

Joining the sinful schemer of Ithaca , dragged from the fane

s s Hallow ed to mighty Minerva , its guardian entinel slain , — E ven her statue dread , the Palladium daring to lay

on — Blo odstained hands her virginal garland , from that fell day

All h Ope ebbed t o despair ; o ur vigour and strength in the fight 1 0 —1 TH E z E N E /D 1 1 II . 7 90 7

Failed ; and the goddess coldly averted from us her sight .

i ’ Manifest portents showed the divine Triton a s wrath .

w as set w Scarce in the Danaan camp her image , hen behold

- Fire from her angry and wide set eyes blazed suddenly forth ,

Salt sw eat over the limbs of the heavenly statue rolled .

Thrice , in her hands uplifting her buckler and quivering spear , — Marvel to tell sh e sprang from the pavement . Calchas the seer — Speedily bids them to sea once more set sail on the deep .

o ’ Never will Argive lances , he saith , st rm Ilion s keep

w n Till they rene their omens at Argos , and bri g once more

Hither the auspices bright that arrived in her vessels before .

of w If to the land their fathers the fleet on the far ind flies ,

’ Tis to enlist fresh troops , and immortal gods as allies .

w Seas ere long will be crossed , and the foe once more una ares

r B eak upon Troy . Thus Calchas the course of the omens declares .

’ di n ow Tis at his bid ng they build this steed , to invoke

tran s ressib n — Pardon for great g her image , her outraged fane .

w o f Calchas arned them to make it immense , huge timbers oak

Knitted to timbers , a fabric that reaches to heaven from the plain

’ s o r Lest your portal receive it , in Troy s city it stand

’ Guarding again Troy s people with rites of their ancient land .

’ Had your swords wrought harm t o Minerva s offering dread

’ Gods may the omen sooner be hurled on the seer s ow n head 1 1 Z? AEYV£DUD 1 —2 1 1 8 TYY . 1L 1 9

’ ’ Ruin on Priam s throne should fall , and on Phrygia s race .

’ v I If your hands had gi en it in lion s citadel place ,

Asia ’ s self in return should roll to the Danaan gates

’ ’ War s great wave . Such destiny dire our children awaits .

n Thus by the lips forsworn of a cun ing liar , the tale

Credence finds feigned tears and designing sorrow prevail

Diom ed Over the souls no awed , nor Achilles from far

of . Thessaly , ten long years , nor a thousand vessels war

n Portents mightier still , sights yet more awful , confou d

- Now an ill fated people , whose eyes are in darkness bound .

While at the hallowed altar the priest Laocoon stands ,

in s Chosen by lot for the service of Neptune , knife his hand , — Slaying a royal bull from Tenedos , over a bright

sea —I n ow Slumbering , shudder to tell even of the sight

Two great snakes with enormous coils come swimming abreast ,

- s Making together for shore . Their bosom and blood red cre t

Over the billows ride on the surface skimming , the rest

w t o Follows in writhing circles . The aters , lashed a surge ,

Ring as t hey come . E re long on the Troj an plains they emerge ,

Burning eyes suffused with fire and with blood ; and between

s . Jaws that for ever hiss , forked tongues are flickering een

1 2 0 T 11 2 —2 6 H E xE N E ID . 37 5

Climbs our wall from the plain , armed warriors lining its womb .

Roun d it advance in procession unwedded maiden and boy

’ Chanting Minerva s hymns , and the traces handling in j oy . o Nearer it comes , rides gl omily onward , and rolls through Troy

Land . of my sires Thou home of celestials Ilion great

Glorious walls of her warrior sons ! Four times In the gate

Halted the monster , and armour clanged four times from its gloom .

n Still to the work unthinki g we hasten , blinded by fate

’ Per am a s Plant in g temple the portent laden with doom .

Yea , even then Cassandra of coming sorrow divined ,

Opening the lips w hich Heaven had appointed never t o find

’ sad w Faith among Ilion s children ; and we , souls , upon hom

’ w as Troy s last day dawning , about her city are seen

’ w Crowning the great gods temples ith festal garlands of green .

Now heaven rolls on its axis , the night from the ocean speeds ,

’ D n an s a a s . Cloaking , in shadow va t , earth , heaven , and the deeds

Through Troy ’ s slumbering city her armies stretch them to rest

Silence reigns ; and the limbs of the tired Sleep takes to her breast .

N o w on the way already from Tenedos over the main ,

a E very vessel in place , the Ach ean squadron again

Moves through the silent light of a moon that befriends their path ,

Towards the familiar shore when a flame from the sovereign ’ s poop 1 2 - 2 8 TH E E N E / 1 2 1 1. 5 7 7 D

’

Flashes , and Sinon , saved by the heavenly Destinies wrath ,

Lets thereon from the monster the prisoned Danaan troop ,

Silently draw ing the pine -wrought bolts and the steed to the night

d Renders its cargo . Gla ly the chiefs from its hollows alight

Thessan d er Sthenelus , bold , in front , with Ulysses accursed ,

Slide to the earth by a rope . Then Thoas and Acamas j oin ;

e Grandson of Peleus , Pyrrhus Machaon , ver the first

Then Menelaus Epeus the last , who wrought the design

Fall on a silent city , in slumber buried and wine

’ lau hterEh e o f S g guards , unbolt Troy s gates , to the hosts the fleet

E ntrance g ive , and together in bands confederate meet .

’ Twas when the earliest sleep upon weary humanity ’ s eyes

Downward steals from the heaven , sweet gift to the earth of the skie s

Lo in a vision before my sight great Hector appears

of Saddest mien I thought him , and shedding a river of tears .

of old Torn by the chariot wheels as , with gore and with dust

d Blackene , the cruel thong through his festering ankles thrust .

Ah how he seemed ! h o w changed from the glorious Hector who rode

of or Clothed in the spoils Achilles from battle , homeward strode

Fresh from launching his Phrygian fires on the Danaan ships

w Matted his beard , still clotted his tresses ith blood , and he bore

Yet on his body the countless wounds he had gotten of yore 1 2 2 TH E H N B 11 2 - 2 E EI . 79 99

Under the walls of his sires Methought my sorrowful lips

hi First brake silence , and weeping addressed him thus to s face

Light of the Dardan land , sure hope of the Teucrian race ,

so 9 What late has delayed thee and whence , long looked for in vain ,

9 Comes our Hector A many of those thou lovest are slain .

’ ! O er thy people and city , alas what sorrows have passed ,

see Ere , well weary of waiting , we thy face at the last

h as What indignity wrought thee thus thy countenance marred ,

On c e so fair 9 What mean these wounds that sadden mine eyes 9

Nothing he answers ; nothing my idle speech doth regard

- son of Heaving a deep drawn groan Fly , the Goddess he cries ,

Flames are upon us , the enemy hold these walls , from her throne

n Troy this night is a rui . Enough of service is done

’ Tow ards thy country and Priam . If Ilion s capitol hill

s . Could by an arm be defended , this hand had shielded her till

t . Troy confides her Penates , her sacred reasure to thee

s Take them to share thy fortunes , and cros ing many a sea

’

a t o . Seek them the roy l city , that Heaven has destined be

Forth at the word from the inmost temple he carries the green

Garlands , the fire everlasting , the image of Vesta the Queen .

Wail s of despair broke over the town already , and though

Far withdrawn the abode of my sire Anchises , below

— 4 TH E E N EID 11 . 3 2 2 342

Pan th eu s w 9 w - , here is the battle on hat high fortress to night

9 h e Rallies the host Ere yet I had spoken , groaning cried

’ Troy s sun sets , and the hour no mortal strength can avoid

o f . Comes on the land the Dardan We once were Troj ans , the fair

e Ilion reigned , the immortal glories of Ten ria were

n Were and are ow no longer . To Argos Jove in his ire

w Carries the sceptre , the enemy rule , Troy blazes ith fire .

High in the midmost city the horse pours forth from its side

o Warriors armed , and the conqueror Sinon in ins lent pride

fl i n Kindles the c on ag rat o . The gates by a host are beset

Countless as ever came from the mighty Mycenae yet

i - Others , j avel n armed , in the narrow streets are arrayed ,

Blocking the passage naked steel and glittering blade

Ready , and ranged for slaughter . The guards of the gate in the

’ Hardly advance to the battle , resisting blindly its brunt .

’ Moved at his words and driven by the gods great will on the path ,

f Into the flames and the battle I rush , where furies o wrath

t o sk Call , and the roar of the fray , and the shouts uprolled the y .

E tu s Rhi eu s py , famed in the field , and p , wandering by ,

Under the moonlight meet me , beside me march to the fight

Dymas and Hypanis j oin , and Coroebus , in manhood bright ,

’ — Mygdon s son who in those dark days had j ourneyed perchance 1 —6 TH E ;xE N E /D 1 . 343 3 4 1 2 5

Tro w ard s - his y , fired by an ill starred love for Cassandra , lance

’ ’ Lifting , as future kinsman , in Priam s and Phrygia s aid ,

! o f Hearkening little , alas to the voice inspired the maid .

When I beheld their serried ranks , their martial fire ,

w ! Thus I began Brave hearts , hose valour , alas is in vain ,

If at the lead o f a desperate man to the death ye desire

Firmly to follow , the fate this night of the battle is plain .

’ All of the gods who s e grace has upheld Troy s sceptre and name — Gone from shrine and from altar w e succour a city of flame

’ u s t o Come , let perish , and charge the heart of the enemies line

’ s — One hope only remains for the vanqui hed hope to resign .

— s t o . Furious rage add fuel valour Then , as in wrath

Wolves whom ravening hunger has driven all blind on the path

is When dark night abroad , and the whelps they leave in their lair

w — Wait them with j a s athirst , through darts , through foemen we bear

w n o for On ard to uncertain doom , the heart of the town

. t Making our way In her shadow the night floa s gloomily dow n .

’ s s Who can recount that fell night s slaughter , to li tening ear

9 Number the tale of the dead , or the tragedy match with tears

’ tis sh e Yea , an ancient city that falls Long years was queen

Many the helpless bodies about her streets that are seen , 6 - 86 1 2 6 TH E HEN E J D 1 1. 3 5 3

Over the solemn fanes and the royal palaces thrown .

’ Nor doth vengeance alight upon Troy s sad children alone ;

f ’ Home to the heart o the vanquished at times comes valour , and e en

Dan a n f a s . Conquering fall Wild agony , cruel a fright

u d . Reign all ro n , and the visions of death ride thick on the night

First An drog eo s draws in the darkness near at h i s side

Dan aan s — gathered and deeming we come with forces allied ,

s a Hail us , before we arrive , as a friend hails friends that del y

— w a 9 Gallants , quicken the march Why lingering thus on the y

Pergama flames ! Your brethren the heights are sacking ; and ye

. - ’ Now at this hour but leaving your high pooped ships by the sea.

o Failing at nce to receive reassuring answer , he knows ,

Taught by a sudden sense , that he stands in the thick of his foes .

s Smitten with horror he halts , reins foot , give check to his tongue ,

As when a traveller toiling the pathle ss brambles among

s Treads on a snake unseen , then suddenly start from a crest

- Angrily reared , and the swelling spires of a dark blue breast .

o An dro eo s . S at the sight , appalled , g hurries away

On him we fall ; close round him with spears in serried array .

s All unversed in the region , the foe , with terror unmanned ,

Fall so Fortune favours the first emprise of our band .

S Now inspired by his triumph , his pirit keen for the fray ,

0 —2 1 2 8 TH E E N EID 1 1 . 4 1 4 9

of Here our ruin began . From the topmost roof a shrine

u s w Troj an darts overpowered , and a ful havoc arose

w . Due to the armour we wore , and the borro ed plumes of the foes

’ o f w i ! Then with a roar rath at the ma den s rescue , behold

S flew . Greeks upon all ides to assail us , and round us rolled

i Aj ax fierce in the battle , the children of Atreus twa n ,

Every Dolop battalion As when let loose on the main

Tempest encounters tempest , and wind upon wind makes war ,

d Z w his South win , ephyr , and E ast , ith steeds from the morning

ereu s m Loudly the woodlands roar , while N , king of the foa ,

-sea Plying his trident , wakens the deep wave from its home .

fl All our cunning had sent through the darkness ying afield ,

All we had driven through Troy in disorder now reappear ,

Quickly detect the disguise , know stolen weapon and shield ,

o u r . Note voices , and mark their sound rings false on the ear

Lost ! all lost ! outnumbered w e perish earliest laid

’ s s Low at the altar of Palla , the heaven armipotent maid ,

’ G o Rhi eu s — e allant Cor ebus falls next p , Ten ria ne er

l Looked on a purer sou , more j ust , more spotless and fair .

’ So s D mas Heaven s will is not as ours y and Hypanis died ,

. o t Slain by the Troj an arrows N all thy piety tried , — ’ 1 1 0 0 TH E [ N E / I ) . 4 3 4 5 E D

’ Pan th eu s , Shielded thee now , nor Apollo s wreath on thy hair .

’ Ashes of Ilion s fires Thou last and funeral flame

th e Of beloved , bear witness , that when your agony came ,

fo e N 0 Greek dart I avoided , from no turned me away ;

Had fate willed me to perish , my hand earned death in the fray .

Thence we are driven at the last . Brave Pelias , Iphitus , I

Torn from the others , the latter with years too burdened to fly ,

w e Pelias lamed by the spear of Ulysses . Forward fare

- Called to the palace of Priam by war shouts rending the air .

Here of a truth raged battle , as though no combats beside

Reigned elsewhere , no thousands about all Ilion died .

Here w e beheld in his fury the war -god ; foemen the roof

- Scaling , the threshold blocked with a penthouse , j avelin proof.

o n w Ladders rest the alls , armed warriors climb by the door

Stair upon stair , left hands to the arrows round them that pour

s Holding a buckler , the battlement ridge in the right held fa t .

w Troj ans in turn wrench loose from the palace turret and to er ,

— ’ Ready with these , when the end seems visible death s dark hour — Closing around them now to defend their lives to the la st

i G lded rafters , the glory of Troj an kings of the past ,

o n . w s n Roll the enemy Others , ith j avelins fla hi g fire ,

o i . Form at the inner d ors , and around them close in a r ng 1 0 TH E E N E J D 1 — 2 3 I I . 4 5 47

o Hearts gr w bolder within us to succour the palace , to bring

Aid to the soldier , and valour in vanquished hearts to inspire .

— oin ed There was a gate with a secret door , that a passage adj

—a Thridding the inner palace postern planted behind .

ill - Here Andromache , starred Queen , oft entered alone ,

’ is n V iting Hector s parents , when yet they sate on the thro e

i Oft to h s grand sire w ith her the boy Astyanax led .

w a o Passing the covered y to the roof I mount verhead ,

’ - Where Troy s children were hurling an idle j avelin Show er .

From it a turret rose , on the topmost battlement height

s Rai ed to the stars , whence Troy and the Danaan ships and the white

w i Dorian tents were ont to be seen in a happ er hour .

s w With bright steel we a sailed it , and here high flooring of tower

f O fered a j oint that yielded , we wrenched it loose , and below

a- riftin s Sent it d g . It fell with a thunderous cra h on the foe

C n i . arryi g ru n afar But the ranks close round us again ,

s o f w ar s Stones and the myriad weapon uncea ingly rain .

s s Facing the porch , on the thre hold it elf, stands Pyrrhus in bright

s Triumph , with glittering weapons , a fla hing mirror of light .

As to the light some viper on grasses poisonous fed ,

’ n i Swollen and buried lo g by the w nter s frost in his bed ,

1 2 TH E - 1 2 3 E N EID 11 . 49 3 5

t n Down from the hinges the ga es are flu g on their faces to lie .

E ntry is broken the enemy ’ s hosts stream inwards and kill

All in the van , each space with a countless soldiery fill .

’ so w Not rages the river , that o er its barriers flo s

w r - s White ith foam , ove turning the earth built mounds that oppo e ,

on w When the fields as a mountain it rolls , by meado and wold

Sweeping to ruin the herd and the stall . These eyes did behold

Pyrrhus madd ened with slau gh ter and marked on e sill of the gate

a . Both the Atrid e brethren I saw where Hecuba sate , — Round her a hundred brides of her sons , saw Priam with blood

w t o his Staining the altar fires he had hallo ed himself god .

i — sw Fifty his br dal chambers within , each seeming a eet

’ f d —in Promise o chil ren s children , dust all lie at his feet

i Doors emblazoned with spo ls , and with proud barbarian gold

s Dan aan s Lie in the dust Where flame yield passage , hold

’ s s w 9 What w as the fate , thou a ke t , befell King Priam ithal

his When he beholds Troy taken , gates in confusion fall ,

his old s s Foes in the heart of palace , the man feebly e say

Round his trembling Shoulders the armour o f bygone days

his Girds , now harmless for ever , his sword once more to side

o f as i d Makes for the midst the foemen , to die a ch eftain had ied .

’ a Deep in the pal ce heart , and beneath heaven s canopy clear , 11 — TH E f E N E H) . 5 1 3 5 33 1 33

Lay a maj estic altar a veteran bay -tree near

Over it hung , and in shadow enclosed the Penates divine .

Hecuba here , and her daughters , in vain surrounding the shrine ,

Like doves swooping from heaven in a tempest ’ s gloom to the ground

’ ! Sate all huddled , and clinging the gods great images round

When in the arms of his youth sh e beheld her Priam arrayed

’ w o f - sh e What ild purpose battle , my ill starred husband , said ,

d on s 9 Ails thee to these weapon , and whither fondly away

N ot as such succour thine can avail us in this sad day ,

’ w — if m No man s eapons , even our Hector ca e at the call .

. s u s Hither , I pray thee , turn One shrine shall helter all ,

o n e us . E lse death overwhelm She spake , then reachin g her hand

old Gently the man placed by the hallowed gods of his land .

Lo e from the ravaging Pyrrhus , P lites flying for life ,

! One of the sons of the King Through foes , through w eapons of strife

w n e w Under the long colonnades , do n halls empty , he broke ,

hi Wounded to death . On s traces afl am e with murderous stroke , — — Pyrrhus behind the pursuer Behold , each minute of flight

him Hand outreaching to hold , and spear uplifted to smite

’ s s When in his parent view and before their face he stood ,

Fainting he fell ; in a torrent his life poured forth w ith his blood — -s Then , though about and around him already the death hade hung , 1 1 1 34 TH E f E N E /D . 5 34 5 5 4

n o t Priam held his peace , gave rein to his wrath and his tongue

fo r Now may the gods , thou sinner , this impiety bold

If there still be an eye in the heaven these deeds to behold

’ ‘ t Pay thee , he cried , all thanks that are owed thee , dues that are mee ,

w ho Thou hast made me witness mine own son die at my feet ,

’

w i . Yea , in the father s presence the earth ith slaughter hast sta ned

Not this wise did Achilles , the sire thou falsely hast feigned ,

w Deal with his enemy Priam . His heart kne generous shame ,

’ ’ Felt for a suppliant s honour , a righteous suppliant s claim

’ Hector s lifeless body to lie in the tomb he restored ,

’

t o . Home my kingdom sent me , to reign once more as its lord

h The old man spake , and his weapon , a harmless , impotent t ing ,

a Hurled ; on the brass of the buckler it smote with hollow ring , m Hung fro the eye of the boss all nerveless . Pyrrhus in ire

S to . Take these tidings thou , and relate this news my ire

Seek Pelides and tell him the shameless deeds I have done ,

Fail n ot to say his Pyrrhus appears a degenerate so n

’ t o Die meanwhiles . And the aged king the altar he haled ,

’ a Trembling , and sliding to earth in his own son s blood s he trailed

’ Twined in the old man s tresses his left , with his right hand drew

1 w Swiftly the sword , to the hilt in his heart then sheathed 1. ane .

o f This w as the story Priam the end appointed that came .

1 6 TH E AEN E HD 3 11 . 5 7 5 5 9 5

t Flame broke forth in my spiri , a burning furious thirst

to Troy avenge , and to mete to the sinner measure accursed . — Shall she alive see Sparta 9 alive on Mycenae gaze 9

Ride as a queen in procession along the triumphal ways 9

on o n 9 Look her husband and home , her sire and children again

w 9 Ilian omen around her , and Phrygian slaves in her train

9 Priam have fallen in battle , and Troy in its ashes be laid

Shores of the Dardan so often have reeked with blood of the dead 9

’ Nay for although the avenger who scourges a woman s crime

’ m Wins no conqueror s laurels , or na e that endures through time ,

’ sin Yet men s lips shall applaud me , a great slain , and condign

o n o Judgment wrought the sinner and deep j y too shall be mine ,

t o d. Thus have fille my soul with the fires of revenge , and at last

Sated the thirsting ashes of those I loved in the past

i W ldly I spake and the thoughts of a fierce deed over me rolled ,

When , more plainly than ever mine eyes had seen her , behold

th e s Came , through darkness shining in radiance pure on my ight ,

! My sweet mother , a goddess revealed In her beauty and height

s i All that immortal behold her And lay ng her hand upon mine ,

Stayed me , and spake from her roseate lips this counsel divine

9 Son , what sorrow provokes thee to this wild wrath that I see

9 Why this frenzy , and whither has fled thy affection for me — 8 TH E z E N E l D 11 . 59 6 6 1 37

to w Wilt not sooner bethink thee look here , feeble of life ,

is 9 Thine old sire Anchises left if Creusa the wife ,

s r 9 for A can the child , be su viving around whom armed the field

Dan aan s w ander and , were not the love I bear them a shield ,

or w . Flames had already devoured them , foemen slain ith the sword

’ Tis o f not the beauty Helen , the Spartan woman abhorred ,

’ ’ N or the reviled on e Paris tis Heaven s fierce anger alone

Levels in dust this kingdom , and lays Troy low from her throne .

! Raise thine eyes and behold for the cloud that mantles thy sight ,

w o f Dimming thy mortal vision ith dews the darksome night ,

Do n o dismaved Lo , I dissolve thou , my son , more be

’ ! Still of thy mother s behest , nor to do her bidding afraid

n e w s s Here , where thou beholdest the ba tion sundered in twain ,

s t w of Stone upon tone up orn , smoke surging ith dust the plain ,

’ Neptune s trident enormous convulses rampart and wall ,

u n . Troubles the deep fo dations , upheaves all Troy to her fall

Sc man t Here , in the van , at the gates , fierce Juno s ands

n s s Ragi g calls from the ve sels her fell confederate band ,

Clad in her battle mail Look back Al ready in might

s Pallas Tritonia sit on the topmost citadel height ,

- ’ Clothed in the storm cloud s flash , and her terrible Gorgon shield .

s Jove himself to the Greeks give valour and strength concealed ,

’ T s s Rallies against roy s armies the god themselve to the field . 1 8 TH E z E N E l D 1 1 6 1 1 3 . 9 6 4

son . Fly , while thou art able , and let this agony cease

’

set . I will be near , at the gate of thy sire will thee in peace

’ th i h e Then in e n ght s thick shadows s vanished . The clouds unclose

’ Awful shapes are revealed , wild forms , Troy s heavenly foes .

o w N into flame , as it seemed , I beheld all Ilion rolled ;

’ Troy s foundations upheaving , by Neptune builded of old

Even as an ancient ash , on the mountain summit that stands ,

’ w o o dm en s Hacked with steel and with hatchet , when labouring hands

n Strive with might to uproot it,for long looks menaci g down ,

its t Palsied , its crest all shaken , and nodding fea hery crown ,

Till done slowly to death , sore wounded , it groans at the last

— its One long groan , then crashes length from the precipice cast .

’ Down I descend , through foemen and flames , by the goddess s grace

Thrid my way ; darts yield me a passage , flames give place .

’ When to my father s gates , my ancestral home , I had come ,

w t o for He hose flight the mountains was my first care , and whom

First I was seeking , refuses , with Troy cast down from her state ,

’

to t o f . Longer live , or su fer an exile s lingering fate

is Ye whose blood unwithered and hale , whose manlier might

’ ‘ ! Lives by its own young vigour , he cries , fare yonder in flight

A h had the great immortals desired my life to prolong ,

1 0 TH E E N / — 4 E D 11 . 66 3 6 82

r t Son in the sight of the father , the father f on ing the shrine .

Was it for this , through arrows and fire , sweet mother of mine ,

h Safe I was brought , to be old in the heart of my palace the foes ,

Father and child and Creusa to w itness here in my halls

9 Slaughtered , and weltering each in the blood from the others that flow s

’ ’ ! tis s . Arms , brothers , arms To the vanquished life s last morning that call

to w Give me again the foeman To battle ane let me go .

All of us shall n o t die this day unavenged on the foe !

S So once more my weapon I girded , anew to the hield

w Buckled my arm once more made ready to end to the field .

Lo w on my ife the threshold embraces fondly my knee ,

hi t Holds our little Iulus before s father o see .

it If be death thou seekest , let us fare with thee to die

If thine experience teach thee that hope in the battle may lie ,

s Shelter thy household first . Unto whose fierce hands dost re ign

s o n e w as 9 A can , and father , and who once called consort of thine

sh e Loudly cries ; to the roof of the palace echoes her groan ,

u s w When on a sudden before s a wondrous marvel is ho n .

an d his w Lo ! amid kiss embrace of eeping mother and sire ,

Over the crown of Iulus a pointed flickering fire 6 8 — 0 TH E / N ] D 1 1 1 1. 3 7 4 E E 4

Breaks into light faint flame no the sw eet soft hair of his head

is Wanders , harmless of touch , and around his temples spread .

of his the We , in a flutter fear , shake loose locks from blaze ,

Quickly with fountain water extinguish the heavenly rays .

his Then to the stars Anchises in gladness lifting eyes ,

s Raises his suppliant hands and his prayerful voice to the skie .

Jove Almighty—if prayer thy immortal purpose can turn

o n u s ask o ur Look more I not ; if more piety earn ,

’ w sk Grant thy succour ithal , and confirm these signs of the y.

s w s i Scarce had the old man poken , hen suddenly cra hing on h gh

u Loud on the left came th nder , and falling from heaven through the night ,

o n e . Trailing a torch , star shot by us in silvery light

s Over the palace roof we beheld it , j ourneying fa t

o f s Then in the forest Ida it ank in splendour at last , — Printing it s path in fire o n e furrow behind in the gloom

- s Shone long drawn , and around and afar rose sulphurou fume .

his Vanquished at length , my father uplifts face to the air ,

s Prays the immortal , bends to the heavenly planet in prayer .

N o w w no longer I tarry I come , I follo anon

s s o f son . God of my ires , my household guard , and the son my

i Yours is the augury yonder in your high keeping s Troy .

’ So n i . , I obey thee , refuse not in fl ght my foot to employ 1 2 TH E z E /VE ID 0 — 2 6 4 II . 7 5 7

E ven as he spake , through the city the flames are louder to hear .

Nearer the heat comes rolled , as the reddening fires draw near .

to Haste then , dearest father , mount my neck from above ;

n or I on my back will bear thee , feel this labour of love .

e on e Fall fate whither it pl ases , the twain peril will share ,

Find one safety together . Beside his father shall fare

Little Iulus my wife at a distance follow behind .

w . Ye , my attendants , hearken , and mark ith obedient mind

Forth of the city , a mound and an ancient fane is beheld ,

Lonely abode of Ceres beside it a cypres s o f eld

s Stands , by devout generations preserved through centuries pa t

e Severed asunder at starting , we th re shall rally at last .

Thou , my father , the vessels divine and the gods of our home

Take in thine innocent hands myself w h o lately am come

Out of a war thus mighty , and fresh from blood of the slain ,

Sinful it were to approach them until I wash me again

’ Clean in the running fountain .

My shoulders broad and my

Even at the word , in the skin of a yellow lion I deck

'

Under the burden place me . The little Iulus has t w ined

s Fingers in mine , and follows with childi h paces behind

After him hastens Creusa and through dark places we fare .

n o t s I , whose pulses stirred at j avelins howered in the fray ,

1 TH E E I - 44 NEID I. 749 769

to I o Back the city hie me , my shining arm ur invest

t o a Firmly resolve renew each desperate venture ag in ,

t o Traverse Troy her heart , once more brave death in the quest .

I s First for the walls made , and the gate with its hadowy door ,

Whence we had issued the footprints left intently explore ,

’ w Follo them into the darkness , and scan them narrowly o er .

o n s Horror all ides thrills me , the silence even appals .

sh e Homeward next , in the faint far hope had fled to its halls ,

I . ae Back betake me Ach ans had entered , the palace they hold .

is Lost all lost fierce fire by the wind to the rafters rolled .

Flames overleap it in triumph , and roar in wrath to the air .

’ I Onward thence to the height and to Priam s gates repair .

’ Here in the vacant cloisters , and Juno s holy abode ,

Phoenix and cruel Ulysses as cho sen sentinels strode

’ s t Guarding the booty . And here , from around , Troy treasure is s ored ,

~—~ ’ Snatched from the blazing temples , the great gods banqueting board ,

w . Goblets of solid gold , and apparel , spoil of the s ord

Gathered it lies in a heap All round it a numerous band ,

Youths and terrified mothers in captive companies stand .

I ss Even to the shadowy darkness dared my lo to proclaim ,

Filled with clamour the midnight ways , and shouted her name — TH E N 11. 7 7 0 79 1 [ E E /l) 1 4 5

Sadly with vain iteration , until , to a madness wrought

I While from palace to palace in quest unceasing flew ,

Phantom unhappy , the shade of my very Creusa , methought ,

I Sudden appeared to mine eyes , yet taller than her that knew .

I Frozen stood , voice clave to my throat , hair bristled for fear ,

she Then addressed me and sought with her voice my sorrow to cheer .

so Why fain to indulge thee in this wild passion of woe ,

fl Husband beloved of my heart From the gods our destinies o w .

Fate forbids thy Creusa beside thee further to fly

h o w . Fate , and the Heavenly Ruler rules the Olympian sky

to Thine is an exile long , waste tracts be ploughed on the deep ,

to E re thou come Hesperian shores , where in tranquil sweep

Lydian Tiber rolls through a smiling warrior plain

w Joy , and a throne , and a royal bride there ait thee again .

Cease these tears for Creusa thy love . I never shall see

to Haughty abodes of the Dolop , nor mate a Myrmidon be ,

of Never as slave to the service Danaan women be torn ,

o f - Daughter of Dardan princes , and spouse the Venus born .

Me the Immortal Mother detains in the borders of Troy .

’ w t o Now , fare ell and for ever be true the love of our boy .

I When she had ended , in tears melted , and much to her there

h s e . Fain would have said , but left me and faded away to the air 1 TH E E N E J D 2 - 46 II . 7 9 804

I ’ Thrice essayed with my arms the beloved one s neck to enlace ,

Thrice clasped vainly her image eluded my fond embrace ,

Light as the idle breezes , and like some vanishing dream .

I So night passes , and back to my band my path retrace .

I t Here discern with amazement a coun less people that stream ,

i — th e New companions , to j o n me , the matron , warrior bold ,

for Hosts the exile mustered , a piteous throng to behold ,

n Flocking from all sides round , and with hearts and with fortu es

I . Whithersoever lead them , to follow over the main

ow N on the mountains of Ida was rising Lucifer bright ,

Ushering in day ’ s car and the Danaan held in his might

Every beleaguered gate , nor was hope of deliverance still .

’ I . Yielding to doom , my father lifted and made for the hill

ARGUMEN T

J En eas n in in his n a a i e a es th e a en s of th e T a s , co t u g rr t ve , r l t dv ture roj n

e se in sai m th e f aft r tt g l fro coast o Troy .

’ U n the w a h e a in w i h n m a he n e He o s w i e po y t y f ll t A dro c , o c ct r f ,

’ a ie a e T in h th e e h s c rr d ft r roy s fall to captivity by Pyrr us Gre k . Pyrr u is n o w ea an d th e T an in H e en s on e o f his s a es h as suc d d , roj Pr ce l u , l v , c e ed ed to his h n n m h h e in n s t o a T an t ro e . A dro ac e t refore aga belo g roj

r lo d . Th e in terview b etw ee n h er an d h er coun trymen is perh ap s on e o f th e m s a h e i assa s in i i o t p t t c p ge V rg l .

Th e T an s esum e h ei w an e in s i u ac fo r a n i h w i hin roj r t r d r g , b vo g t t

s n o f ZEt n a an d es c a w i h if c u m th e C o s h em s . ou d , pe t d fi lty fro ycl p Polyp u

S i in th e sou h ern sh e o f i i h e an at Dre an um w h e k rt g t or S c ly , t y l d p , re

n h i m ie h em t i a as c ses ie s . On ea in i i r c a s o A d l v g S c ly a sto rr t Afr c , de

s i e in B I He e e n th e n ar a i e o f E n as . cr b d o ok . r d s r t v e A m ap in dic atin g th e c ourse o f his voyage w ill be found at th e en d of B III ook . BOO! III .

’ When it had pleased the Immo rtals in Asia s fall to destroy

’ Priam s innocent people , when Ilion proud , and the Troy

’ u Nept ne s hands had builded was all one smoke on the plain ,

God -sent auguries bid us on shores untrodden and far

’ ’ for Seek an exile s home . Beneath Ida s Phrygian chain ,

An tan dro s Under the walls of , we build our fleet , unaware

Whither the fates will guide us , or when our j ourney be done .

Yonder our seamen muster . And summer scarce had begun ,

Ere Anchises commands us to spread our canvas to fate .

I ’ Weeping leave my country s havens , and plains where of late l I ion reigned , and am borne as an exile over the deep ,

Comrades , son , and Penates , and mightier Gods in my keep .

Far in the seas is a martial land where a Thracian horde

Drive their furrows the cruel Lycurgus once was its lord ;

l Ancient al y of the Troj ans , with kindred gods to our own ,

o ur . I w While destiny smiled To its curving bay am blo n , 1 0 TH E E N I 111 1 — 5 E D . 7 3 7

fi rst- Found my built walls in an evil hour on the shore ,

ZEn ead s naming the nation , to bear my name evermore .

’ a Here to my mother , Dione s child , and the gods I ddressed

ou r Prayer and devout oblation , that new toil may be blest

Then to the King of Immortals , who rules the Olympian steep ,

- e . Hallowed an altar , slaying a milk whit bull by the deep

Near , as it chanced , was a hillock of earth . Thick cornel appears

Set on its brow and a myrtle with branches pointed as spears .

I r Yonder make my way , and the wild wood growth f om the ground

to w d . Set me rend , that the altar with foliage green may be cro ne

fu . Aw l the portent there that awaits me , strange to be told

Lo from the first green tree , that with broken roots from the mould

Yields as we tear it , a black blood drips , with a poisonous blight

t f Drenching the earth . I shook o my innermost heart with a fright

n Frozen with mortal terror my blood co gealed as it ran .

Then to the hillock trees I returned ; from another began

i Tearing the long l the branches , the secret cause to explore .

Blood from the bark of the second in dark stream flowed once more .

of I Pondering much , to the nymphs the forest prayer command ,

’ ’ A Sc thia s sk of the Father of Battles , supreme o er y land ,

Duly to bless these visions and lighten the omen ; but when

I ff Now to the thicket turn in redoubled e ort again ,

1 2 TH E E N /D — 0 5 E 1 1 1. 5 9 8

of m Lay this portent before them , and ask thereon their ind .

t o so All are of counsel alike depart sinful a place ,

to . Leave these shores of a traitor , and give our vessels the wind

Funeral solemn we make for the hero , heap at his head

E arth upon earth great altars arise to the shades of the dead ,

Sadly with dark -blue fillets and sombre cypresses crowned

Ilian women about them , with hair , as is wonted , unbound .

Flagons with warm milk foaming we bring , blood piously shed

s his Bear him in bowl , then lay in the tomb spirit to dwell ,

Bid him with lifted voices a loud and a last farewell .

- Soon as the seas may be trusted , and wind lulled waves are asleep ,

When with its gentle whisper the south wind calls to the deep ,

Vessels are drawn to the beach , to the strand my mariners speed

t he Forth from the harbour we sail , and earth and her cities recede .

sea is Set in the midmost a hallowed isle , a retreat

’ ZE aean Dear to the Nereids queen , to g Neptune sweet

’ Round earth s shores as it drifted , the filial god of the bow

M c on o s G aru s Moored it to y lofty and y , never to know

Wandering more ; but to look unmoved on the winds when they blow .

Tranquil harbours afford to the crews outworn by the sea

’ Shelter ; and , landing we bend to Apollo s city the knee .

’ n A ius , king upon earth , and Apollo s priest , on our way 8 1 — TH E / ] 1 111 . 99 ENE D 5 3

Meets us , his forehead wreathed with a hallowed garland of bay ;

he on re haired Knows , as looks my g y sire , his familiar friend

i to . Clasping h s brotherly hand , his royal palace we wend

Votive prayers I address to the time -worn temple of stone

Th mbrze an . Grant us , divine y King , fair homes of our own

Give to a wearied people a city with walls secure

— n Children for hope of the race a abiding rest and a sure .

Guard these fortress towers of another and happier Troy ,

All that the Greeks have left , and Achilles , fierce to destroy .

9 Whom shall we follow , and whither , and where from wandering cease

r o u r Send us a token f om heaven , and inspire bosoms with peace

I i ’ Ere had ended , behold all earth seems trembl ng the God s

- Threshold and bay tree shake , and the mountain around us nods

Loudly the tripod groans , and the gates unfold of the shrine .

Bending in lowly submission we hear this message divine

- Dardans ever enduring , the earth which sent ye at first

Forth from your ancient stock , shall receive ye back to be nursed

. of Safe on her fruitful breast Seek her who bare ye yore .

’ ZEn eas There sons shall be lords over every shore ,

’ ’ his Yea , and children s children , and their far seed evermore .

o s Thus spake Ph ebu , and joy amid uproar rose we demand 1 TH E E 111 1 00 -1 2 1 5 4 NEID .

W All in accord what city be this , hat glorious land ,

Whither Apollo calls Troy ’ s wandering race to return 9

Lore of the past in his memory reviving Listen and learn

! Now of your promised hopes , O chiefs Anchises cries .

’ Jove s own island , Crete , in the midst of the waters lies

’ Ida s mountain is yonder , the cradle there of our line ,

of Noble cities a hundred , a region corn and wine

ou r I Whence grandsire Teucer , if right remember the tale ,

t Rh oet ean Firs to the kind shores came blown by the gale ,

- Chose for his kingdom a birthplace there . No Ilion then

in Stood with her citadel towers , men dwelt the heart of the glen .

Hence our Cybele queen , and her Corybant cymbal strains

Ida ’ s forest the silence that round our mysteries reigns

’ Hence are the harnessed lions that trail their sovereign s throne .

’ Come , let us follow the great gods will , with a victim atone

s Duly to angered Tempests , and ail for the Gnossian realm .

on . Nor is it far the waters If great Jove favour the helm ,

’ w ’ Safely the third day s morning ill land our vessels in Crete .

ff When he had ended , he lays on the altars o erings meet ,

to on e to One bull , Neptune , thee bull Apollo the bright

t o One black lamb to the storm the favouring zephyrs a white .

on of Fame comes borne the air , a Cretan king from his throne

1 1 1 —1 6 1 56 TH E {EN EID 1 . 44 5

to Bids us sail , ask grace of the oracle , pray to be taught n When this burde of woe to its destined end will be brought ,

o n . Whither to turn for assistance , or steer our course the main

Now was the night deep sleep over all things living on earth

w Hung , when the hallo ed shapes of the Phrygian gods of my hearth ,

Whom I had carried safe from the blazing city away ,

Seemed to be standing before me where in my slumber I lay .

’ Clear in the streaming light they showed , as the moon s great ball ,

set . Now at the full , came flooding the w indows in the wall

’ Thus they addressed me , seeking my heart s foreboding to cheer

Ort ia What from Apollo , yg reached , thou surely shalt hear ,

L0 ! to thy chamber he sends us , to chant this night in thine ear .

Thee and thy banner we followed from flaming Troy , and with thee

Traversed on board thy vessels the tumbling waves of the sea.

We to the stars hereafter thy glorious sons will guide ,

Grant thy city the throne of the world . Be it thine to provide

Mighty abodes for the mighty , nor tire in thy toilsome flight .

Thou must away , for it was not on these far shores that the bright r Delian bade thee land , nor in C ete thy destiny seek .

There is a spot , Hesperia hight in the tongue of the Greek ,

Ancient , puissant in arms and the fruits of a bountiful earth

’ ’ (E n otria s Twas colony once , men later of birth 1 11 1 66—1 88 TH E E . NEID 1 5 7

i — ’ t . Italy call the legend saith , from a warrior s name

There is the home Heaven grants us from yonder Dardanus came

’ Iasiu s Thence old , our family s founder and king .

Rise and thine aged sire these tidings j oyously bring ;

’ n Doubt them he may ot . To far Cortona and Italy s strand

’ Bid him to sail . Great Jove has denied thee Crete and her land .

Filled at the vision and voice of the heavenly host w ith awe — Slumber it w as not methought mine eyes their countenance saw

— — Knew their filleted locks their visible presence and dread

I Cold drops over me streaming , leapt forthwith from my bed , — Raised to the stars clasped hands , loud voice then , reverent , poured

Wine unm ixed on the altar the mighty Penates adored ,

Seek my sire and acquaint him , the tale in its order expand

Families twain , twin sires , he confesses , led him astray ,

Blinded by modern error concerning an ancient land .

’ on S , he replies , long schooled by the Ilian fates to obey ,

N 0 less seer than C assandra revealed this glorious day .

' I she N ow remember for Teneria s race this fate proclaimed ,

t . Of en Hesperia , often a kingdom in Italy named

Yet who then had believed that a Troj an host would invade

’ did s Italy s borders , or whom the living Ca sandra persuade

’ s i a d Come , let us yield to Apollo , and eek for a happ er l n . TH E E — 1 5 8 NEID 1 11 . 2 09

’ u ria s So spake Te c sire with j oy we obey his command .

One more home we resign , and , a handful left on the shore ,

o ur n s on Spread to the gale ca va , and race the waves once more .

Soon as the barks to the deep sea came , no land with the eye

Seen any longer , around me the waters , above me the sky ,

’ o er Suddenly my head closed purple cloud , in its womb

w Bearing darkness and storm , and the aves grew rough with the gloom .

Winds roll upward the billows to mountains , the great seas sweep

Over us . Scattered and lost we are driven on the floods of the deep .

Storm mists mantle the sun from the View night falling in rain

sk Covers the y ; from the clouds fire flashes again and again .

Whirled from the course , we are drifted on waters darker than death .

n o Day from the night Palinurus himself longer , he saith ,

Now can discern , nor remember the path in the midst of the wave .

Three long days that were sunless amid thick darkness we drave ,

w Wandering over the seas , three nights ithout ever a star .

Not till the fourth day broke was the land seen lifting afar ,

to Distant mountains to open and roll up smoke the View .

Then sails flutter we rise to the oars unabating the crew

Labour the foaming waters , and cleave bright billows of blue .

sea trO h ad s I Saved from the , on the S p first find shelter again ;

1 6 0 TH E A EIN E ID 111 2 - . 33 2 56

Lost in the darkness , the clamorous troop sail over the prey ,

Tainting the food they taste . I enj oin my comrades t o stan d

Now to their arms , and in battle engage this terrible band .

Bucklers and weapons they hide in the grasses buried away .

Over the winding shores when the monsters in thunder sweep ,

- Signal Misenus gives from his watch post set on the steep ,

Clanging his buckler . We charge them to strange encounters advance ,

sea- Seeking to sully the plumes of the fell birds with the lance .

rufl ed Not one feather is , the spears from their bodies glance .

t o Swiftly they soar in retreat the heavens , and leave as they sail

- o Food half eaten behind , and a l athsome lingering trail .

ae High on a mountain summit Cel no , quitting her mates ,

o f Perches , a prophet of evil , and chants this chant the Fates

for is What our oxen killed and our slaughtered kine , it war

’ Laom ed on s 9 War ye in payment bring us , sons that ye are

Forcing the blameless Harpies their ancient homes to depart — Take these words of the prophet implant them deep in your heart .

o s t o All the Omnipotent Father to Ph ebu , all that me

o — —I Ph ebus repeated Queen of the Furies utter t o thee .

’ Italy s kingdom ye seek on the waves fair winds at your call .

’ harobu rs Italy s kingdom shall find . and her enter withal

i ’ l Round your appointed cit es the ramparts ne er sha l be built ,

s i Till fell famine , in turn for the guiltless blood ye have p lt , - 1 2 2 TH E [ E / 11. 5 7 7 7 NE D 1 6 1

to ’ Drive your desperate teeth devour their banqueting board .

on sh Then , as she spake , the wing to a distant forest e soared .

’ — Chill fear strikes to my comrades veins each heart is dismayed .

Now n o longer they bid me reconquer peace with the blade

Peace at the altars of Heaven with prayers and vow s would implore

- or sea s . Whether goddesses these , but foul birds of the hore

N ow my father Anchises , his hands spread forth from the beach ,

l on the Ca ls great Immortals , ordains due honours for each

Gods forfend this menace , avert this presage of bale ,

’ Give to the faithful pardon and rest . Then bids us to hale

sea s . Ships to the , loose cables , and slacken sheet to the gale

s South winds filling the ails , on the foaming waves we are driven ,

i Follow the course on the deep by the breeze and the pilot g ven .

’ Z ante s forests appear on the billows n ow and we sight

Far Dulichiu m Same the beetling N erito s height

s s Crowd all sail from the Ithacan rocks by Laertes po ses ed ,

s Cursing the land that fostered Ulysses fierce at her brea t .

’ Leu c at e s - h Soon mountain , in storm clouds iding its head ,

w his . Opens Apollo beneath , ith temple that seamen dread

w e Tired of the seas , we approach . At the little city land ;

are s Anchors ca t forthwith from the prows , sterns laid on the 1 6 2 TH E [ 2 — ENEID 1 1 1 . 7 8 2 99

- So an unlooked for coast we attain and t o Jove the supreme

his Lustral oblation make , on altar kindle the flames

w n Bared and anointed shoulders ith glisteni g unguent stream ,

of Actian shores ring out to the sound the Ilian games .

’ s w Wrestler rene Troy s ancient sports . We rej oice to arrive

S i — afe through the Arg ve cities to come from foemen alive .

’ s su n Over a year great circle the already has rolled ,

w n ow w his w ffl Icebound inter ith north inds ru es the w ave .

High o n the tem ple portal a shield once borne by the bold

—as Abas for trophy I plant , device thereunder engrave

’ ’ A rm u r this b E n a r n rin Dan a a n o y e s f om c o qu e g d as t e .

Then to the harbour I bid farewell , man benches again

w e se a s . Gaily buffet the , sweep over the water blue

sk - w t v 1 ew Soon thy y capped to ers , acia , vanish from

s i o s w e i s Pa t the Ep rote c a t are carr ed , kirting the strand

’

Ch ao n ia B u th rotu m . E nter s harbour , at lofty land

Hard to believe is the rumour that greets us on yonder plains

’ w o f s Over the to ns an Argive foe Troy Helenus reigns ,

Consort and kingdom of Pyrrhus h as risen himself to command .

’ So to a Troj an hu sband returns An d rom ach e s hand .

w w w s Mute ith onder I stood , and a deep i h came to exchange

his s s . Speech w ith the hero , and learn eventful tory and trange

1 6 TH E {E A/E TD 1 11 — 4 . 3 2 1 343

Happy beyond all others the daughter of Priam , to whom

’ Under the ramparts lofty o f Troy at her enemy s tomb

w as n Death decreed . She endured o t the shame o f a lottery base

’ as w as d efiled Never , slave , by a conquering master s embrace .

’ I w w as sea , hen our homes lay blazing , trailed o er , and have borne

’ ’ s s Pyrrhus humours proud , and a prince insolent scorn ,

of — Mother bondage children until my lord of his grace ,

’ s an d Lac een ian Seeking Hermione hand a bride of race ,

Gave me to Helenus , thrall to the bridal bed of a thrall .

F r f . o o Victim in turn Orestes , inflamed with love the maid

his Torn from arms , and distraught by avenging Furies withal

f Slew him in front o the shrine of his household gods as he prayed .

m Pyrrhus deceased , of his kingdom a portion to Helenus ca e ,

' o n s w Ch ao n ia s Who the wide plain round me besto ed name ,

haon ian o f Called the C realm from the Troj an Chaon ours ,

s an d . Built on the heights yon fortre s , yonder Pergama towers

w n w 9 What i ds ruled thy voyage , and hat Fates landed thee there

Which go d drave thy vessel s on these o u r shores unaware 9

d 9 — Is What of Ascanius young , oth he still survive the boy

’ 9 — Breathing , as yet , life s breath whom once , I bethink me , in Trov

Doth he remember the mother he lost , doth memory inspire

’ s Aught of the ancient valour , the manhood s generou fire ,

’ —ZEn eas 9 When upon Hector the uncle he thinks , the sire 1 1 1 - 66 TH E { I . 344 3 ENE D 1 6 5

she These words weeping spake , and was still outpouring in vain

f to Floods o unceasing tears , when behold from the walls the plain

’ Helenus , Priam s son , with his warriors round him , speeds ;

h hi as e t o s . Knows us those has loved , palace j oyously leads

Few are his words , they are broken with tears then forward I fare ,

’

Come to a tinier Troy and a seeming Pergama there ,

sun - Find in a dried river the name of a Xanthus of old ,

c n t Seek once more w ith embraces a S ma gate o enfold .

Rest within walls thus friendly alike my comrades enj oy .

Now in his spacious portals the king gives welcome to Troy

Pouring libation of wine , in the halls of the palace they stand — Piling on golden trenchers the viands , goblet in hand .

so n ow s Day follows on day , and the breeze calls to the ail

Canvases heave and swell with the puff of the South wind gale .

I . Speech crave of the seer , and desire his counsel to learn

’ w i Prince of the Troj an blood , Heaven s prophet , ise to d scern

’ his Phoebus will , and the tripod , bays , yon stars of the night ,

Skilled in the tongue of the bird and the sign of the wing in its

’ Speak ; since favouring altars and all heaven s gods in accord

il ~ sa se ek . Bid us to Italy , distant and alien skies

Only the Harpy Celaeno to w onders strange and abhorred

o s . Dooms us , and heavenly anger , and famine in loaths me gui e ’ 11 1 6 —86 1 66 TH E E A E J D . 3 7 3

Which of the perils first shall I count it w isdom to fly

Whither for guidance turn in the ills that before us he 9

w Helenus giving a steer thereon , as onted , to death ,

w Peace of the mighty Immortals implores , then loosens the reath

Bound on his hallowed forehead , and leads me to thy great shrine ,

! I w . Phoebus clasping my hand , as thrill ith presence divine

There from his lips in spired makes answer the priest of the bay

Son of the Goddess for truly by omen s special thy w ay

is ss o f w Over the billows ble ed , so Jove the fates that are hirled

w w . Orders the cast , rolls on ard the changes , governs the orld — Part o f thy lot that in safety across strange waters and kind

fin d Thou mayest pass , and a home in the harbours of Italy

I will reveal . The remainder the Sisters from Helenus hold

i Great Saturnian Juno forb ds the se lips to unfold .

— sh e ar t Italy near as looks to thine eyes untaught , who fain

Blindly to enter the havens that seem so nigh on the main

h w . Far from Epirus lies , by a pat less way and a ide

First in Sicilian waters thy bending oar must be plied ,

’ v s w Round Ansonia s billows thy es els labour a hile ,

’ s Even to the spectral lakes and to Colchian Circe s i le ,

0 — 1 1 68 TH E E N E J D 1 11 . 4 9 4 3

May the devout generations for aye this ritual keep

‘ ’ at Nearer to Italy s shores when the breezes bring thee last ,

Soon as the narrow gates of Pelorus are widening fast ,

- Make for the left hand shore and the seas on the left with a sweep ,

Fetching a compass . Beware of the shore on the right and its deep .

a o Ages g , these coasts in a wild convulsion uphurled

Thus in the process of seasons h as time wrought change on the world

Were , it is said , torn fiercely asunder and doomed to remain

Severed . though once one land . In came in its fury the main

Rent the Sicilian side from Hesperia , racing between

n Cities and fields o w parted on shores of a narrow ravine .

Scylla the right bank holds on the left , implacable sits

w E ver Charybdis , thrice each day in the s irl of her pits

sea Swallows the wild floods deep down , then lifts them on high ,

w w . E ach in its turn , and with mountains of ater ashes the sky

o f Scylla the while lies hid in the gloom her cavern , her lips

Thrusting to seaward , and drawing anon to her breakers the ships .

Human her face in her bosom a beauteous maiden is she

Far as her loin s thence downward a monstrous thin g of the se a

f o . Tail of a dolphin , belly wolves Far better to keep

' blufl s o f Pach n u m Rou nd the Sicilian y in long , slow sweep ,

Than upon Scylla the grisly within her measureless cave 2 — TH E z E /VE ID 1 6 1 11 . 4 3 4 5 3 9

- sea . Once to have looked , and the reefs with her hound voices that rave

Yea ! and if Heaven with its wisdom has blessed me—faith as a seer

n If I have fou d , if Apollo has breathed true things in mine ear

One more counsel I bring thee , above all counsels supreme ,

Bid thee again and again in thy memory treasure the theme .

Be t o the royal Juno thine earliest worship addressed

w Sing her thy j oyful vows , and ith gifts from a suppliant hand

so w s Soften the queen of Immortals , and ith victory bles ed

’ Thou from Sicilian shores shal t w aft upon Italy s land .

’ Cum se s There when to city at length your way ye have made ,

Av ern ian Come to the haunted lakes , and the rustling glade ,

’ on i Thou shalt look the Sibyl inspired , Fate s seer , who div nes

Under her rock , and commits to the leaves of the forest her lines .

All of the verses the maiden engraves on the leaflets light

h . Rangin g in order s e hides in her cavern , buried from sight

Motionless yonder they lie , and untroubled till , when the gate

l s Ro l on its hinges , and soft winds blow , and the opening door

Tosses the delicate leaves of the scattered verses of fate

Never sh e cares to recapture the fluttering leaflets more .

i t o . Never again replace them , or piece them line upon l ne

an d s . Pilgrims depart uncounselled , bear no love to the hrine

n o t Count the hours expended a loss , though loudly thy crew 1 1 1 7 0 TH E z E N E l D 1 . 4 5 4

w Chide the delay, though loudly the aters call thee to sail ,

Though winds wait thy coming t o sw ell thy canvas anew

’ s Vi it the seer , and beseech her the oracle s will to unveil ,

v 01c e s . Chant with her thy fates , and unlock thee freely her lip

’ sh e Italy s tribes will teach thee , the battles waiting thee there , — How to avoid or endure each toil vouchsafe to thy ships

s Prosperou voyage thither in gracious answ er to prayer .

Further I may n o t disclose thee the things that in darkness lie

k ’ s . Go , and exalt great Troy by immortal deeds to the y

his After the prophet has spoken , and counsel ceased on lips ,

Noble gifts he commands to be borne to the Teucrian ships ,

Golden and ivory carved . Upon every vessel are stowed

Do d on man Caldrons , and silver in massive load

- Hauberks of golden links , thick ribbed ; gay helmets and bright ,

w - s in h Coned , and ith long haired crests , once worn by Pyrrhu fig t ;

s s to Gift for Anchi es next good steeds , brave pilots steer ;

c ars fo r - Service of the ships for the mariners , mariner gear .

c Then , due reverence done , to An hises ordering sails

to Now be bent lest waiting we keep these favouring gales ,

’ ‘ s o w ed Thus aith Ph ebus prophet Anchises , royally ,

’ st s Worthy e eemed of the glory of heavenly Venu bed ,

TH E E /VE ID 1 11 — 1 1 7 2 f . 49 7 5 5

Still to be sought . On a Xanthus your eyes may dwell , on a Troy — — Which your labour has wrought Heaven grant with an omen o f

‘ o i Brighter than urs , less near to the path of the ravag ng Greek .

’ to th e Should it be mine hereafter enter Tiber s creek ,

’ co rn fi eld s see Land upon near to the Tiber s waters , and

w Raised to the skies those walls that a ait my people and me ,

We with the sister cities , the nations kindred of line

o n e ! Thine , O Epirus , , and the other , Hesperia , thine

- of Dardanus , Heaven born founder both , one story of pain

Common for ever to each , will make in our hearts of the twain

One great Troy ; may the h Op e to our children ever remain

se a Cerau n ian Forth on the we are carried , we skirt the steep ,

Whence to Italian shores is the nearest way by the deep .

Day goes down , and in shadows the mountains fade from the eye .

we Close to the sea on the bosom of sweet earth folded , lie

sea- Watching the oars by turns . On the dry beaches the crew

Rest , and on wearied limbs sleep gently descends as the dew .

as o f Ere Night , drawn by the Hours , h encircled half the skies ,

e hi Ke n Palinurus arises from slumber , explores with s eyes

his Every wind , drinks in with ears each sound of the air

All of the stars as they glide in the silent fi rmam en t there 1 1 1 1 6 - TH E [ / , 5 5 37 ENE D 1 73

ra Numbers ; observes Arcturus , the Hyads inily bright ,

d Both of the Bears , and Orion , in golden panoply ight .

on e When he beholds that the heavens are as unclouded expanse ,

Loud on his trumpet he sounds from the poop our fleet we advance ,

w i Feel our way through the aters , and spread our wings to the n ght .

w as Morn reddening already , the stars dispersed and in flight ,

s l w s i When from afar faint hill we distinguish , and o in the k e s

. ! Italy Foremost Achates and loudest Italy cries .

li Italy mariners all shout merrily , hai ng the land .

w w Crowning a great imperial cup ith a garland of flo ers ,

Brimming it full with wine , my father , goblet in hand ,

w . Stands on the poop uplifted , and prays to the heavenly po ers

! ’ Gods Great rulers of sea , and of earth , and of tempests , he saith ,

” - w Grant us a fair wind passage , and blow ith favouring breath .

Coveted breezes freshen the port now nearer in sight

’ Widens ; Minerva s temple is seen on the citadel height .

o ur . Sails mariners furl , turn gaily the ships for the strand

Yonder the harbour ; by floods that an east wind sets to the land

t s . Curved o a bo w . Salt p ray foams over the barrier rocks

Tw o s Hidden the inmost haven . turreted precipice block

w s w s . Dip , like all , to the ave , and the temple recede from the beach

s saw w Here for an earlie t omen I , on a meado y reach , 8— 6 0 1 74 TH E [ ENEID 1 11. 5 3 5

n as w . Four steeds brow si g the plain at a distance , white the sno s

Quoth my sire ’ Tis a welcome of battle the strange land show s

’ 00 is o f . Battle s equipment these , yon tr p a token war

Yet is the creature trained to incline his neck to the car

’ Patiently , bearing the rein in accord with the chariot s yoke .

’ Peace may be augured also . In j oyous prayer we invoke

Pallas , of clanging arms , and in triumph her temple hail ;

Veil at h e r altar -fi re s our brow s with a Phrygian veil

h T en , by the earnest counsel of Helenus , honour in turn

’ f i Juno s shrine , and before it our incense of er ngs burn

w n n - Wind ard pointi g the hor s of the sail clothed yards of the fleet ,

Leave these Danaan lands of the enemy , fearing deceit .

w s Thence for the bay of Tarentum we make , all built by the hand

— v If the tradition err not o f Hercules . O er the w ave

s Lacin ian s n Ri es Juno in maj e ty , faci g the strand ;

’ m ’ w Sc lac eu . Caulo s citadel to ers y , the seaman s grave

’ ZEtn a s Sicilian heights ere long from the billow s emerge

’ ’ s a Round them the deep great groan and the breakers roar , and the se s

s w s s w Broken voice are heard , aves toss , and mingle ith surge .

’ s Saith my sire Tis the mighty Charybdis the cavern these ,

s u s w w s Helenu bade be are , and the a ful reef on her shore

i ! — s r ! Mar ners all to the rescue , together ri e to the c a

1 6 TH E [ E A/ - 7 E TD 1 1 1 . 5 82 60 2

Trembles with thunder , enshrouding the heavens in smoke of her

All night long till the morning , we bore these prodigies dire ,

n or saw Hid in the forest , we the cause of the uproar there .

n o Starlight none was beaming , bright and radiant air

sk w Shone from the constellations , the y was with darkness stre n

- Dead and unbroken night in a storm cloud prisoned the moon .

n ow Day was arising with her earliest orient star ,

’ Morning had scattered the night s dank shades already afar ,

t o When from the forest a stranger , by want a shadow worn ,

10 Suddenly issues , with a woeful garb and forlorn ,

Stretching his outspread hands with a suppliant air to the shore .

Turning , we gazed . Foul rags and a beard dishevelled he wore ,

w Garments fastened ith thorns all else seemed Greek , as of one

s Sent w ith the Danaan armies to Troy in the year that were gone .

’ o u r When he beheld Dardan attire , Troy s arms in the light

on e Gleaming afar , moment he halted , scared at the sight

n his Halted , and stood . Then , praying and weepi g , headlong flight

’ s Urged once more to the beach . By the great star yonder , he cries ,

of By the immortal gods , by the breathful light the skies ,

Carry me hence , O Troj ans , and bear me whither ye go .

Further I ask no favour . I come from the fleets of the foe 60 6 2 TH E z E N E l D 1 11. 3 4 1 7 7

to s Marched assail your hearth and your Ilian homes as I know .

t If of the wrong that we did ye the memory s ill is a pain ,

w n s . Strew my limbs on the aters , and drow me in yon vast sea

J o y it will be , if I perish , by human hands to be slain — Ever our knees he embraced still hung , as he spake , to our knees .

Touched at his fears we exhort him his name and birth to declare

Then to confess what burden misfortune drives him t o bear .

n ot Tarrying till he answers , my sire forthwith to the youth

o f Reaches his hand , reassures him with instant token truth .

’ Laying aside all terror at length I am Ithacan born ,

‘ - Answers the stranger , a mate of Ulysses , misery worn ,

Know n as Ach aemenides by a father needy and poor — Sent t o the battle were only his lot still mine to endure

n o w When they fled in confusion from gates mercy that kno ,

w o e Thoughtless comrades , alas in the Cyclops cave to my

’ f . w o w s Left me behind Tis a d elling gore , ho e banquets are red ,

hi Dusky within , and enormous . Its lord towers high , and s head

th Touches the stars . God keep from e earth such monster abhorred

is to on ff w Pleasant he not look , and none dare o er him ord .

o f his an d o f is w . Flesh the hapless food , human blood his ine

w saw h o w I ith mine own eyes his giant hand , as supine

his s w n Still in cavern he lay , eized t ain of our number o shore 1 8 TH E E N E TD III 6 2 — 7 . 5 64 8

And on the hard rock brake them . The deluged threshold in gore

Ran . I beheld him crunching the limbs all dripping and red ,

Noted the warm flesh quiver between his teeth as he fed .

Not unavenged . For Ulysses endured not the dark deed done

’

son . True to himself in the perilous hour , great Ithaca s

Soon as in wine fast buried and sleep , with the banquet replete ,

Drooping his neck to the earth he had lain full length in his lair ,

Giant enormous , vomiting gore and the morsels of meat

- — Mingled with blood stained wine , to the great Gods breathing a prayer , d Lots for the venture choosing , we gathered on all si es near ;

Rushed in a body upon him , and bored with a pointed spear

Into the one huge eye that his great grim brows overlay ,

Round as an Argive shield , or the. sunlit lamp of the day .

’ s So we avenged right gladly our fallen companions ghost .

- ! Fly , ye ill fated , fly and unmoor forthwith from his coasts .

in Hideous and huge his cavern as seems Polyphemus to sight ,

his -fleec ed Folding wool flocks and the udders milking at night ,

or Hundreds like him inhabit the curved shore yonder , stray

i Over the mounta ns , a horrible nation , loathed of the day .

of Thrice already the horns the moon their light have increased ,

- w Since in the forest glades , amid ilderness haunts of the beast ,

th e s Life I have borne , and beheld from mountain the monsters va t ,

an d as s Quaking to hear their voices terrible tramp they pas ed .

1 80 TH E E 111 6 1 —68 NEID . 7 9

ea Failing to rival in speed the Ionian s on its way ,

Fearful his roars and appalling—the vast deep echoing round

n Trembled in every wave . Great Italy , scared at the sou d ,

ZEtn a . Thundered , and groaned from her caverns in darkness drowned

Forth from the forest glens and the mountains , the Cyclops band

’ Rush at the giant s call , and in numbers crowd to the strand .

Yonder we see them gathered , and glowering with impotent eyes ,

’ ZEtn a s terrible brethren with tall heads touching the skies ,

- Awful council of war as the high topped oaks , or the green

Cypresses laden with cones , stand over a mighty ravine ,

Some tall forest of Jove , some grove of Diana the Queen .

Terror and agony drive us to slacken sheets to the sail ,

Whithersoever it draws— spread canvas and fly with the gale — Yet , since Helenus counselled to pause ere passing between

Scylla the grim and Charybdis the dread—where death may be seen — w e . Close upon either way , resolve our course to retrace

Soon from the narrow straits of Pelorus , driving apace ,

Winds of the north are upon us , and by their blasts I am blown

’ Pan ta ia s Past g harbour , a gorge in the unhewn stone ;

— ’ Past the unbroken lowlands of Thapsus Meg ara s bay . 6 0 — 1 0 TH E E 111 . 9 7 NEID 1 8 1

ae E ach did Ach menides from his memory show , as it lay ,

w a . Mate of the roving Ulysses , retracing with us his y

’ Off Plemm riu m s the Sicanian bay , and by wild y shore ,

’ Ort ia s so Stretches yg isle , named of the nations of yore .

sa Thither the E lian river Alpheus , as legends y ,

’ o Burrowed in secret flight beneath Ocean s waves , and t day

’ Through thy fount , Arethusa , is mingled with Sicily s sea .

t o n Here the isla d gods we incline , as bidden , the knee

Heloru s m fo r Pass the arshes , a soil too rank the plough

’ Pach n u m s Thence by the towering bluffs of y headland brow .

Soon Camarina is seen in the distance , doomed to abstain

Ever from change by the Fates ; and the ranging Gelian plain

so f - Gela herself, called rom her furious river and high ,

A ri en tum t sk Now , g g lif s her imperial brow to the y ,

Mother of noble steeds ere long . Then , favoured of wind ,

Selin u s Thee too , palmy , I leave on the breezes behind ;

’ Lil b aeu m s Thrid y shallows and sunken ridges , and rest

’ Dre an u m s Safely in p harbour , a j oyless shore and unblest .

f Here by a hundred storms of the sea long bu feted , here

s Lo t I my sire , my solace in every danger and fear .

son his i Here thou leftest , alas thy to burden of pa n , 1 82 1 1 1 1 1 — 1 TH E i E N E /D . 7 7 8

! N oblest of fathers from peril so often rescued in vain

his Helenus neither , the prophet , in all warnings of gloom

a . Ever foretold this grief, nor Cel eno , Fury of doom

w as . This my crowning sorrow , the goal to my wandering given

Thence when I sailed , by the Gods upon yonder shore I was driven .

[ on e Thus Eneas the sire , all faces fixed upon ,

of - s Told the heaven sent Fates , and the course his ve sels had

Then at the last was silent , and rested , his history done .

ARGUMEN T

Th e e f Di n d ZE n e s lov story o do a a . M ercury is se n t at l ast by J upiter to rem in d [E n eas o f th e thron e in

L a ium w hic h th e Fa e s h ad as si n e him . W a n e th e en t t g d r d by port t ,

ZE n eas ie s m Ca h a e an d Di e se e i s h e se u fl fro rt g ; do , d rt d , k ll r lf pon a

u n e f ral pyre .

’ Th e a e o f Di o s s e i an d o f h er a an n m n h er t l d uff r ng , b do e t by lover , w n ec e s i h n hin n m n i e i as s ar ly t o a Rom an more t a a tou c g a d ro a t c p so d e .

’ Di s a ic e n d w seem to him th e e in n in o f th e a o f Ca h a e do tr g ould b g g f te rt g , an d his pride w ould be stirre d by a sen se o f th e greatn ess o f his o w n

’ c un s es in ie s w h i h e i en h u s ea th e s a i o f a o try d t , c r qu red ev t rly cr fice

Ca h a in ian een ZEn eas ea e s Ca h a e but h e ea es it at th e rt g qu . l v rt g , l v

i in f m e b dd g o th e ! in g o f Heaven in ord er to found Ro . BOO! IV

s Long since stricken in soul with a ecret trouble , the Queen

Drinks from the arrow the poison , consumes with a fire unseen .

’ o ft Oft on the hero s valour she ponders , on his fair

Race and descent . His warrior words , his warrior air

to n o Dwell in her heart , her limbs quiet slumber is given .

’ Morn with the sun s bright torch had illumined earth , and from heaven

’ w — Banished the Night s dank shado , when long with terror distraught

sh e w ho t Thus to her sister cries , shares in her every though

its 9 What wild visions , sister , have kept my soul from rest

Who is the stranger come to our palace halls as a guest 9

’ ’ — s Princely his bearing a hero arms and a hero s breast .

s Sprung from the Gods I believe him , nor hold such fancie for dreams .

f Fear is the token o baseborn souls . How destiny seems

his — Alway , alas foe what a warfare this he has warred

Were I not ever resolved , since my first lover and lord

Cheated my heart and died , with another never to wed

Were I not all too weary of torch and of bridal bed , 1 86 TH E E IV 1 — 1 NEID . 9 4

Haply to this one fault I had yielded . Never before ,

’ w as Since by a brother s hand my hearth reddened with gore ,

s or w Hath love stirred these pulse moved my ill from its hold .

These are the flames I remember , I know their traces of old .

’ w s But may the earth ya n deep to receive me , Jupiter might

t w Drive my living soul ith his lightnings down to the Night ,

t o w w Down the t ilight world and the gloom here the buried rest ,

! E re I profane thee , Honour , or slight thy seemly behest

He who was first my husband has taken the heart I gave

Living he held it , dead let him keep it still in his grave .

as she w . Tears fell fast , spake , and bede ed her womanly breast

’ ow n s Dearer than life s light to thy sister , mu t it be thine ,

to . Anna replies , unmated in j oyless beauty pine

’ of ss 9 Nothing to know or of children dear , or love s bright bli

of 9 Think ye the dust takes heed , or the buried spirit , this

0 Though n o lord in thy desolate heart , sister , has reigned

— s Here , or in Tyre thy country , Iarba himself disdained ,

’ E ach great captain slighted from Africa s glorious skies ,

Wilt thou also resist this love that is sw eet in thine eyes 9

Seest thou not whose marches surround our colony far 9

’ ia Here Gaetul s cities , a race unconquered in war ,

’ s s s There Numidian s fierce , and a quicksand barbarous coa t ,

1 88 TH E { 6 —8 ENEID IV . 4 4

’ Over the victim s smoking breast , laid bare by the knife ,

w Stoops , and ith anxious gaze consults its quivering life .

’ ! w Ah blind seers Can a woman s vo s , can the altars inspire

’ Peace in a burning soul 9 To her heart love s withering fire

’ E ats its way , love s fever within her slowly has wrought .

she sad Over the city wanders , the Queen , wildered of thought

- So , when the arrow is sped , and the hunter shepherd , with bow

d o e Drawn at a venture , wounds in the Cretan forests a ,

his Leaving feathery dart in her sides unwittingly caught ,

She through Dicte ’ s lawns and the mountain covers at speed

’ Flies , to her flanks still clinging the hunter s murderous reed .

’ z En eas she u w Now leads thro gh Carthage , sho s him in pride

’ a All Tyre s we lth , and a city complete wherein to abide ,

Speaks , then leaves unfinished the speech already begun

to o f sun Now once more the banquet returns at the fall the ,

’ to o f Once more wildly implores him tell Troy s story pain ,

n o n . Ha gs intent his lips , as he tells it again and again

Then , when the guests are gone , and the dim moon hiding its light

Fails in turn , and the sinking stars soft slumber invite ,

sh e w his Left in her lonely palace weeps , lies do n in place ,

on Hears his departed voice , still looks his absent face ;

’ s d s t Or , by the father s likene s enchante , strive to de ain 8 —1 0 TH E xE N / IV . 5 5 E Z) 1 89

' in efl l Ascan still on her bosom , to cheat her ab e pain .

Ramparts unfinished rest , no warriors practise the lance ,

o n Harbours arise no more , the plain no trenches advance

Labour , alas suspended , the works all desolate lie ,

Frowning and giant towers , grim engines mounting the sky .

’ When great Juno beheld her within Love s circles o f fire

saw Captive taken , and that against enkindled desire

sh e Honour itself was feeble , sought fair Venus and spake

Praise immortal , methinks , and undying laurels ye take ,

Thou , and the God thy son , high name and fame in the field ,

n If to the cu ning of two great gods one woman should yield .

un on ian Yet I perceive thy terrors of these J walls ,

th n n How e lookest for treason when Carthage ope s her halls .

Is it eternal war 9 What fr uits can rivalry reap ?

Peace everlasting rather , and marriage feasts let us keep .

d ’ All thy wishes are grante , and Dido s passionate soul

’ Feeds upon love s fierce flame . Let both unite to control

One and a common people . Be thy power equal to mine .

’ t o She a Phrygian husband s rule shall meekly incline .

And , for a marriage portion , proclaim her Tyrians thine .

— Knowing h er artful thought full well that Juno but planned 0 —2 1 9 0 TH E E NEID IV . 1 6 1 6

’ ’ Italy s royal crown to bestow upon Libya s land

Venus in turn makes answer And w h o so blind as to choo se

of rofl ered 9 War with the Queen Immortals , or p peace to refuse

All good fortune w ait on a w ork thusfavoured of thee

o o f Only the Fates I d ubt, if the pleasure Jupiter be

Tyre and the Troj an pilgrims in one fair city to place ,

w People to people uniting,and marrying race ith race .

. t o Thou art his spouse immortal His counsels thine discern .

” h e s . Lead and I follow , saith

Imperial Juno in turn

. Th e Mine be in sooth that mission means our purpose to reach ,

w . t o . Listen , and I ill reveal thee Do thou give ear my speech

E Armed for the chase neas , and with him Dido the lorn ,

w w o a Ride to the oods on the morrow , hen Ph ebus at e rliest morn

Lifts his beams , and with radiant light uncurtains the land .

s I , while hither and thither the horsemen cour in a band

w Ranging the covers round , ill above them pour from on high

- w s Storm clouds mingled ith hail , and dis olve in thunder the sky .

All of the train shall be scattered in darknes s gloomy as night ;

’ e s i Troy s great princ and the Queen in the self ame cavern al ght .

w w There ill I be , and , if only assured thy ill doth approve ,

his Join them in lasting union , and make her own true love .

1 2 TH E E IV 1 8—1 6 8 9 NEID . 4

Pliant bay and entwining with gold his fluttering hair , — Loud on his shoulders clanging his bow so rapidl y strode

’

so w . Troy s great son , beauty from all his countenance glo ed

When to the mountains they come , and the tangles trodden of none ,

Scared from the high rock -ledges the wild goats scattering run

Dow n the descent ; while yonder careering wildly in flight

Over the open plain stags hurry , together unite

- t o All their dust stained forces , and bid farewell the height .

Ascan the boy in the heart of the glens on a fiery steed

Rides exulting , in turn each comrade passes at speed

Prays that a foaming boar may amid these spiritless flocks

his . Gladden eyes , or a yellow lion descend from the rocks

u Now universal th nder convulses the heavenly space ,

Storm clou d mingled with hail on the thunder follows apace

n ’ Troj an and Tyrian horsemen with Ascan , Ve us s pride ,

Scatter , and over the uplands in search of a shelter ride ,

Hither and thither spread . Streams pour from the mountain side .

’ Troy s great prince and the Queen in a single cavern are found .

a E arth , the prim eval mother , and Juno , lighting the bride

- Into the bridal chamber , the signal gave . At the sound

’ Heaven s artillery flashes , the skies in sympathy flame ,

While on the mountain summits the Oreads shout in acclaim . ’ 1 6 4 1 TH E A SA E H ) IV . 9 9 1 9 3

T d to s his sa day first gave her woe , fir t gave her to death

h s s e . Curious eye no more regards , nor slandering breath

N ow no longer a stolen and silent love is her aim

sh e w . Marriage calls their union , and cloaks her guilt ith a name

That same hour through the mightiest citie s of Libya ran

m t o f s in Fame , ost swif the evil that Heaven flicts upon man

s w sh e she Movement add to her gro th , and gathers speed as flies

s sh e t o s Fear at the outset dwarf her , mounts ere long the kies

o n o Plants the ground her feet , with her f rehead touches the heaven .

o f s s E arth , at the anger god cele tial to madness driven ,

— it Bare her , the last of the Titan and Giant brood , is said

- w s . Fleet inged , peedy of foot , a colossal monster and dread

One u nslumbering eye is beneath each feather sh e w ears

i - as . Tongues many , resound ng mouths , all vigilant ears

’ s w sh e ts While night la ts , in the shado floa twixt earth and the skies

w s Shrieking loudly , nor ever in s eet sleep closes her eye

o n - sh e When day comes , the roof top tall or the tower alights ,

’ as an d s Sits a sentinel there , the world s great cities affright ,

’

n ss . Cleavi g to falsehood and folly , and yet truth s me enger too

’ Many a rumour now through Libya s land sh e delights

t o s Idly carry , and chant in the ear false tidings and true

’ ’ How z En eas to the realm is come , Troy s lineage born 1 TH E E v 1 2 -2 1 2 94 NEID 1 . 9

How fair Dido deigns as a bride his couch to adorn

How through the lengthened winter in ease and dalliance light ,

l . Sceptre and throne forgetting , they take their guilty de ight

sh e E very mouth with the tale fills , then swiftly her path

in flam e s w w . Turns to Iarbas , his soul , heaps rath upon rath

Son of a Libyan nymph , whom Hammon had forced to his love ,

He in his vast dominions a hundred temples to Jove

w s s Built ith a hundred altar , on each an un lumbering fire ,

W atch for the great Immortals to keep , when sentinels tire .

Blood o f the victims slain lies rich upon every floor

Garlands hang at the threshold with blossoms bright evermore .

h o w th e t w t o Bards still tell , incensed by bit er ne s a flame ,

’ o f Heaven s great images round him , in front the altars he came

’ Pouring suppliant prayers to immortal Jupiter s name

w Jove , unto hom on embroidered thrones this people of mine

i w Now keep festival ever , and make libat on of ine ,

Dost thou behold these doings , or when thy lightnings are hurled

Is it 9 an idle panic that shakes , O Father , the world

sk Are thy fires all aimless that flame from clouds in the y ,

Empty of purpose the thunders that roll confusion o n high 9

! Lo this woman , who hither as outcast came but of late ,

u i — to B ying her little c ty , to whom we deigned afford

— 1 96 TH E E N E/D IV . 2 34 3 5 5

Grudges a father to Ascan the hills o f imperial Rome 9

What doth he seek , what hopes he , with foemen making his home ,

to 9 Heedless of children to raise , and Italian furrows plough

Let him to sea ; my mandate is this ; be the messenger thou .

s his Jupiter spake . The behe t of awful father the fleet

s s s his Mercury hastes to accomplish . He fa ten fir t to feet

s w him w s Golden sandal , that aft on feathered ings through the skie ,

w Over the earth and her aters , as fast as the tempest flies

Reaches the wand w herewith from the river ! of Death he recalls

to it s Shadowy ghosts , sends others j oyless Hell and halls

’

s s s . Brings and bani hes slumber , reopens the dead man eye

’ w s w Armed there ith heaven s breezes he mar hals , billo y cloud

s s Cleaving apace , till he ee the uplifted crest and the proud

s o f - w h o s Slope the age worn Atlas , hold all heaven on his head ,

s —w - w w s s Atla the rude , hose pine cro ned bro are ever be pread

i w s Th ckly ith tempest , and la hed by the wind and the rain evermore .

Snow s everlasting mantle his shoulders streams w ith a roar

his his is Roll from aged chin , and beard with icicles frore .

’ s Here Heaven s me senger halted , and , poised upon pinions twain ,

Gathered his w hole bright body and dow nw ards sw ooped to the main

Like to a bird that , encircling the ocean beach and the steep

s w lo w Rock here fishes abound , flies to the face of the deep . 2 6—2 8 TH E [ / 1 IV . 5 7 ENE D 9 7

w se a- s So bet een earth and heaven , the remote sand and the bla t ,

’

hi son s . Leaving s grandsire s mountain , the of Cyllene pas ed

V When by the illage huts he alighted , there he descries ,

n s Building citadel towers , and lifti g roofs to the skie ,

’ Troy s great chieftain before him a falchion hung at his side

Starred with a yellow j a sper ; a mantle Tyrian dyed

his s Blazed in the sun on shoulder , the gift of Dido rich ,

w s . Work of her loom , and broidered ith delicate golden titch “ w to w Is ZEn eas 9 S ift the hero he ends it thou , , and here

9 Placing the trench , and preparing a royal Carthage to rear

i s w Found ng cities of beauty , thy elf uxorious gro n ,

’ i n ! w Th nki g little , alas of thy people s eal and a throne

’ Tis the Immortal King from his shining palace on high

w h o his an d s k . Sends me , the sire shakes at pleasure earth the y

Jove himself ordain s me to bear these w ords on the breeze

is 9 What thine aim , thy purpose , in Libya resting at ease

If so splendid a future aw akes in thy heart no fire m If to bestow no toil on thine own great na e thou desire ,

Think upon youthful Iulus , the promise bright of thine heir ,

’ ’ ’ his his Italy s kingdom due , Rome s soil inherited care .

s t Mercury pake , yet before he had ended , vanished from sigh ,

w s w as . Faded a ay on the breeze , lost amid heavenly light 1 8 TH E E N ID 9 E IV .

ZEn eas s hi Mute at the sight stand , wild fire in s eyes

l on Horror bristles his ocks , his lips all utterance dies

N ow o f he desires but to fly , and depart these regions love ,

’

a . Scared by the God s great warning , the awful mand te of Jove

9 How 9 Whither , alas shall he turn face the infuriate Queen

How may he dare to approach her 9 the tale h ow break to her ear 9

Hither and thither he hurries his thought w ith vigilance keen

Scours each mental horizon , explores each possible fear .

n of Cha ces he weighs with chances , and deems it wisest all

Mn estheu s s Serestu s , brave Serge tus , round him to call ;

sea w Bids them fit for the , to the vessels summon the cre ,

Arm , but dissemble the reasons that prompt this policy new .

for And , the gentle Dido as yet knows nothing , and still

’ Dreams not that love s great bond can be sundered lightly at will ,

He will observe her fancies , await some tenderer hour ,

w Seek for occasion wise to approach her Tyrian bo er .

— Dark misgivings of evil a lover who can mislead ?

his Came on the Queen . She felt departure even in the air ,

w s Trembling at every shado and Fame , her pas ion to feed ,

i Told of a fleet outfitt ng , of crews for flight that prepare .

he Over the city s ranges distraught , her soul upon fire

S0 at the nodding image the Bacchanal bounds from sleep ,

TH E z E N E H) 2 - 00 IV . 3 3 343

h 9 By whose hands dost leave me to perish , guest of my heart

“

of . Nought a name still dearer is left me , alas upon earth

Why shall I longer live 9 To behold Pygmalion lay

low o r as 9 Carthage , Iarbas captive lead me away

Ah had I only a child of thine to be nursed on my kn ee

ZEn eas E re thy departure , were but a young at play

w his N o in my halls , with face to remind me even of thee ,

Less of an utter captive , and less forlorn I should be .

A o w s wed by the heavenly mandate , the her listens ith eye

All unmoved , and represses the rebel cares that arise .

After a little he saith Thou canst not reckon too high ,

ow e o Queen , of the debt I thee , and nought my heart d th deny

e o w Nor shall I ever tire of rem mbering Did s eet ,

s w While still memory last , hile yet these pulses beat .

s f Words in an hour like thi shall be ew . Yet deem not that I

0 Thought , Queen , thy kingdom in silent cunning to fly !

’ Not in a bridegroom s fashion by torchlight lit to his rest

n o t s Did I approach thee was on these condition a guest .

t o Ah did the Fates permit me lead my life as I chose ,

w s And at my own good pleasure the strife with sorro to clo e ,

’ Rather on Troy s loved city and what w as left of my land

m l . s s Wou d I bestow y heart The abode of Priam hould tand , —6 TH E z E N E l D IV . 344 3 3

’ This right arm for the vanquished restore Troy s citadel gate .

o w Gr n aean of N y Apollo himself, and the voices fate

’ ’ i s t o L c a s . Sounding from y hrines , have called me Italy s strand

’ i ! o w n There s my heart , my country If thou , Phoenicia s ,

w Fin de st a spell in Carthage towers , in a Libyan to n ,

s O Here to arre t thy gaze , shall j ealous hearts be ppressed

If in Italian borders a Teucrian looks for rest 9

is . Our fate also , as thine , to seek on the waters a throne

w i w s Often as Night th her shado y mi t veils earth from the skies ,

s Oft as the fiery stars appear , in leep to mine eyes

Comes my sire Anchises with aspect troubled and w ild

Often I think upon Ascan , the wrong I do to my child ,

’ of Robbed his promised lands and of fair Hesperia s crow n .

’ Now at the last Heaven s herald from Jove sent vi sibly dow n — By both lives I swear it on rushing wings of the air

’ s Brings Heaven s will . The eeyes did behold him in daylight fair

od Enter the palace , robed as a g these ears as he came

Heard his terrible voice . No longer strive to inflame

’ sad s My pirit and thine by reproaches . Italy s throne

Truly I seek , but impelled by a grander will than mine o w n .

E re he had ended , upon him she glared with gathering ire ,

Rolling her furious eyes from his head to his feet w ith scorn z E N - 2 02 TH E E l D IV . 364 384

Silently viewed him , and brake forth finally , kindled to fire

G oddess none thy mother , no monarch Teucrian born

0 On r Fathered thy race , traitor rugged ocks the accursed

Caucasus rather bare thee , Hyrcanian tigers nursed .

Why do I parley still 9 Can a greater wrong be behind 9

o n e 9 9 Did he but sigh sigh . Did an eyelid flutter or shake

One tear flow ? Did he pity the loving heart that he brake 9

Why in procession range each crime 9 Great Juno is blind

Jupiter looks n o longer with equal eyes on mankind

Truth from the world has departed . An outcast w recked on the

Blindly I gave him shelter , I housed him here in the land ,

his Harboured his vessels , saved from death mariner band .

’ Ti n Furies infernal seize my soul . s o w his divine

’ L cia s Phoebus calls him away , now voices from y shrine ,

’ N ow w h o o f tis a heavenly herald bears on wings the breeze ,

Sent by the monarch of heaven himself, these ghastly decrees

Truly the gods are busy , with cares their quiet is fraught

n ot Hence I delay thee , nor will answer make thee in aught .

Go ! let the tempests help thee to Italy ! Seek on t h e seas

t o Thy new kingdom If righteous gods have power repay ,

’ sea w a Mays t thou receive thy guerdon on wild reefs , by the y ,

Often on Dido calling in vain In fire and in storm

I Absent shall be near thee , and when this quivering form

TH E AEN ID Iv 0 2 0, E . 4 6

of s Some on their shoulders heave great pearls the gli tening grain ,

w h o Others serry the ranks , or punish laggards feign

f w All o the meado path with toil is alive and aglow .

n o 9 What were , alas sad Dido , the thoughts that arose in thee w

to see s What groans came from thy bosom , from the citadel teep

of All of the shore confusion below thee , and all the deep

One wild hubbub of voices before thy sorrowing gaze 9

Pitiless love Strange bidding the heart thou rulest obeys

is Tears once more , wild prayers , she driven to essay in her pain ,

Humbling her spirit to Love as a suppliant woman again ,

i in Lest some means be untried , and her l fe expended vain .

s sea- : Si ter , the whole beach is astir from the hill and the dale

u . Mariners muster . The canvas aw aits b t a favouring gale

a Joyous the sailors crown their pe ep s with garlands for se .

w If I have even borne to believe this sorro could be ,

on e Strength w ill be mine to endure it . And yet boon would I crave

to One last boon . Yon traitor thee his confidence gave ,

E ver his secret counsels to thee entrusted alone ;

his hi f Only to thee w ere moods and s hours o tendernes s know n .

Go r as a suppliant , sister address our enemy p oud

Tell him it w as not I w h o w ith Greeks confederate vowed

’ ’ Ruin at Aulis to Troy s high race nor to Ilion s coa st 8— TH E z E N E II ) 1 Iv . 2 2 0 4 449 U

Why are his ears thus cruelly closed ? Why hastes he to go 9

One last grace let him grant her w h o loves him still to her woe

w Ah let him ait till breezes are kinder , calmer the deep .

Marriage vow s he has broken I ask not now he should keep

N o t t o abandon for Dido his Latium fair and his reign

k - t o A s but a breathing space , some rest for passion sleep ,

c a Till my destiny tea h me , a v nquished woman , to weep .

This last boon thy sister implores . Ah pity her pain

Grant it , and Dido in death will return it doubled again .

Sadly her sister takes fond prayers and p assionate tears

un w . Brings them ans ered back No prayers nor tears can prevail .

Voices of human pleading with heart unshaken he hears ,

Fate has the entrance barred , and his ear Heaven seals to the tale .

So w hen on Alpine summits the northern hurrican es long

t o w -w w Labour reck some age orn oak hose timbers are strong , — — Hither and thither they smite him a roar comes leafage and bough

Thunder beneath to the ground from his tempest -bu ffeted brow ;

Firm on the mountain ledges the tree s tands high as his head

w su n so n To ers to the , deeply his roots strike dow to the dead .

w e i Thus wild ords , fond prayers , on the her again and aga n

his i Gather , and break all round him great heart throb s w th the pain

his w i Calm in soul he abides , and the tears roll do n , but in va n . — 2 06 TH E E NEID IV . 4 5 0 4 7 1

' O afl ri ht Dido , ppressed by the Fates that await her , wild with g ,

’ Prays but to die she is weary of heaven s blue vault and the light .

su n Further to nerve her purpose to leave this world of the ,

sh e sh e s While on the fuming altar makes oblation , ees

Wine from the sacred bow l in a darkening river run

s i s And th e libation poured turn blood . The e v sion to none

is . Doth she discover , silent to even her sister of these

sh e Furthermore in her palace a marble temple owned ,

w f Raised to her former lover , and tended ith o ferings choice ,

Ever in snow -white fillets and festal greenery crowned

Hence in the moonless nights came sighs , as it seemed , and

- Oft of her dead lord calling , and high on the roof tops round

One lone owl to the darkness in sad funereal tone

- m an Wailed evermore , and lengthened its long drawn cry to a e .

Sayings dim , dire warnings from prophets of earlier years

s E Fright her . In all her vi ions the fierce neas appears

i sh e s s Hound ng her ever to madness , and eem left evermore

s s De olate , travelling alway a lone , long j ourney , with tears

o n w Seeking her people of Tyre a silent ilderness shore .

As s s w hen Pentheu , frenzied , a troop of the Furie seems ,

Two great suns , two cities of Thebes , to behold in his dreams

’ son Or as Orestes , slain Agamemnon s , when before

his Murdered mother he flees in ravings over the scene ,

2 0 8 TH E xE N E /D 2 - IV , 49 5 1 2

o f an d Not my choice , I swear by the heavens thine own sweet life ,

’ Dearest , I borrow thus the enchanter s art for the strife .

sk Build me a secret pyre in the inner courts to the y ,

’ s w to There let the fal e one s s ord , that he leaves forgotten lie

u H ng in my bridal chamber , his raiment worn , and the bed

s s —h Where I peri hed , be laid for the prieste s warns me s e said

E very trace of the traitor in fire should pass to the dead .

Pausing , her cheek grew pale . Yet little the sister perceived

d n Under the rite death hidden , nor dreamed such ma ess could be ,

w a Nor that an end more bitter , than hen Sych eus she grieved ,

’ - ms Waited her , unsuspecting perfor her Dido s decree .

is When in the inner palace the pyre uplifted seen ,

e -o ak Fashioned of giant pine and of h lm planking , the Queen

w s w Hangs it with flowery wreaths , and cro n it ith funeral green .

w o his On it the raiment orn , the abandoned sw rd , and dear

h i s e w s . Image lays , forekno ing the end thereof that near

s s Round it the altars ri e , and the prie tess , tresses unbound ,

Summons in thunder -tones three hundred gods from the shade

w Chaos and E rebus dread , great Hecate three times cro ned ,

i E ver triune Diana , of three fair faces the ma d .

’ ’ sh e w as O er it , for death s libation , sprinkles ater well ,

i o Fe gned to be brought from Avernus , the awful f untain of Hell 1 - TH E E N ID 2 0 IV . 5 3 5 34 E 9

’ Bids them to fetch the envenomed j uice of a rank weed s grass ,

’ Shorn at the pale moon s beam with a magic sickle of brass

Sends for the charm from the brows o f a newborn foal that is wrung

E re the impatient mother has torn its growth from her young .

Then at the flaming altar , a cake in her innocent hands ,

fe et l One all unsandalled , her robe ungird ed , she stands

on to Calls the Gods in her dying hour her faith behold ,

’ Calls on the stars that discern fate s hidden secrets o f o ld

w Prays to the Powers , if Po ers there be , who still from above

f Look w ith j ustice and pity on love unmated o love .

d to o w . N was the night Tired limbs upon earth were fol ed sleep ,

Silent the fore st s and fierce sea-waves in the firm am en t deep

’ Midw ay rolled heaven s stars ; n o sound on the meadows stirred ;

o f - i E very beast the field , each bright l ned feathery bird

o r Haunting the limpid lakes , the tangled briary glade ,

Under the silent night in sleep were peacefully laid

All but the grieving Queen . She yields her never to rest ,

s to Take not the quiet night her eyelids or wearied breast .

’ Sad thought s cro w d to her bosom again love s hurricane raves ;

’ she is s Nightly again tos ed upon wrath s tempestuous waves .

Wildly sh e saith to herself What now shall Dido essay 9

9 Turn to her former lovers , and brave their mockery gay 3 1 0 TH E E — NEID IV . 5 3 5 5 5 5

Sue upon suppliant knees some Nomad prince for his hand ,

I who disdained so often the kneeling lords of the land 9

o 9 Cleave to the Troj an sail rs , pursue their path on the seas

9 Blindly fulfil their pleasure , obey their viler decrees

Have they j oy in remembering the service done 9 Do they hold

Still in memory and honour the hand which helped them of old 9

Who would suffer me yonder , if even my spirit inclined

Place on his vessels proud for a hateful enemy find 9

i Lost one scarce thou knowest , as yet dost hardly div ne ,

’ All the eternal treason of false Laom ed on s line .

9 Shall I , a woman lone , with exulting mariners fly

Or to the fleet with a squadron of Tyrian warriors hie 9

Drive once more to the ocean , and bid spread sail to the breeze

Those I scarcely persuaded to tempt Sidonian seas 9

f Die as thy frailties merit let steel thy su ferings close .

Thou , sweet sister , first , by the tears of Dido beguiled ,

t o its . Gavest to ruin this aching heart , this breast foes

Ah had the Gods but left m e t o haunt some wilderness wild

Mateless and all unblamed , untutored in love and its pain

N o w is th e faith forsworn that I gave Sych ae us the slain !

E High on the poop neas , resolved already on flight ,

s his Slept deep sleep his ve sels , comrades , ordered aright .

- 2 1 2 TH E E N E/D IV . 5 76 5 9 7

on Holiest one we obey thee , whatever thy title high ;

n Lo ! with rej oicing hearts to perform thy biddi g we fly .

ou sk Be thou graciously near us , and make y stars of the y

Herald us weather fair . As he spake , from the scabbard his sword

d . Flamed as the lightning flashes , and sun ered swiftly the cord

All are aglow , heave gaily amain , haste gladly to do

Land in the distance fades , sails cover the seas , and the crew

Labour the foaming waters , and cleave bright billows of blue .

Now fr om the saffron bed of Tithonus morning again

’ Rises , and sprinkles with newborn light earth s every plain .

Se en - set t he as the sleepless Queen , from her watch towers on steep ,

Saw day whiten , the vessels with squared sails ploughing the deep , — Desolate shores and abandoned ports , thrice beating her fair

Breasts with her hand , thrice rending her yellow tresses of hair

! sh e Father of E arth and of Heaven and shall this stranger , cries ,

’ as 9 Wend on his treacherous way , flout Dido s realm he flies

Leaps no sword from the scabbard 9 Is Tyre not yet on his trail 9

i t None of ye warp ng the ships from the dockyards , hois ing the sail 9

Forth with the flame and the arrow ! To sea and belabour the main !

9 9 Ah , wild words Is it Dido Has madness troubled her brain

! sin n Ah , too late , poor Dido the comes home to thee ow

w as his Then the hour to consider , when thou wast crowning brow . V — T N l D I . 5 98 6 1 8 H E xE E 2 1 3

w h o sa Look ye The faith and the honour of him still , as they y,

Carries on shipboard with him his Troj an gods on the way

Bore on his shoulders his aged sire ! Ah had I not force

Limb from limb to have torn him , and piecemeal scattered his corse

9 to Over the seas His crews have slain , and , banquet of j oy ,

Served on the father ’ s table the flesh of Iulus the boy 9 — Even were chance in the battle unequal , death was at hand .

9 Whom had Dido to fear I had borne to his vessels the brand , — Filled with flames each deck , each hold , child , people , and sire

Whelmed in a blazing ruin , and flung myself on the pyre

’ w Sun , hose flaming torches reveal E arth s every deed

’ sad Juno , witness of love s pains , who knowest my need — Name on the midnight causeways howled , thou , Hecate dire ,

Sister avengers , Genius of Dido , soon to expire ,

Gently receive her and give to her crying misery heed

Listen and hear these prayers If the Heavens ’ stern laws have decreed

Yon base soul shall find him a harbour , and float to the land ;

’ so t Thus Jove s destinies order , and fate finally s and

Harassed in war by the spears of a daring people and wild ,

i Far from the land of his fathers and torn from the arms of his ch ld ,

ask May he in vain succour , and watch his Teucrian band

Dying a death untimely ! And when this warrior proud

h as Under the hard condition s of peace his spirit bowed , ) 6 1 - 6 2 1 4 TH E .E N E H IV . 9 39

’ Neither o f monarch s throne nor of sunlight sweet let him taste

Fall ere time overtakes him , and tombless bleach on the waste .

This last prayer as my life ebbs forth I pour with my blood

t Let not thy ha red sleep , my Tyre , to the Teucrian brood ;

for ff Lay . on the tomb of Dido funeral o ering this

Neither be love nor league to unite my people and his

’ Rise thou Nameless Avenger from Dido s ashes to come ,

Follow with fire and slaughter the false Dardanians home

d ‘ Smite them to ay , hereafter , through ages yet unexplored ,

to ! Long as thy strength sustains thee , and fingers cling the sword

sea for ! Sea upon wage battle ever Shore upon shore ,

Spear upon spear To the sires and the children strife evermore

Then for a while with her troubled heart sh e fondly debates

How sh e may soone st leave this world o f the su n that sh e hates .

a sh e Briefly to Barce , nurse of the slain Sych eus , saith ,

Hers in her o w n old land long slept in the ashes of death

Go , dear nurse fetch hither my sister . Tell her to fling

w Over her limbs stream water , and ith her duly to bring

’ Death s black cattle ordained fo r the dead ; thi s bid her to do

Thou thy brows entwining with wreaths of funeral yew ;

Since I am minded to finish the rite already begun

to Sacred to Stygian Jove , and with sorrow then be done ,

2 1 6 TH E [ — 1 ENEID IV . 66 1 68

on his Let the Dardanian feast the fires merciless eyes ,

Carry the omens with him of Dido ’ s death as he flies

- Then amid these half spoken words , her maids , as they stood ,

w d Saw she had sunk on the weapon , the s ord all dabbled in bloo

Hands outspread . Loud shrieks ring over the palaces high .

Fame through the town appalled uplifts her furious cry .

and ’ Groaning tears , loud wails , wild cries of women s despair

Shake each palace ; the beating of breasts sounds over the air .

’ a — Twas as if Carthage haughty , or Tyre prim eval , the foe

— low Now in her citadel gates , were laid by the enemy ,

’ Fierce fires rolling alike o er dwellings of man and of God !

sh e Breathless her sister heard . In bewildered frenzy trod

o she Tearing her cheeks and beating her breasts , through the thers came

Rushing , and tenderly called on the dying Queen by her name .

Sister Was this thy secret ? To blind mine eyes thy desire 9

-flam e s 9 This the intent of thine altar , thy funeral pyre

9 What shall my first complaint be , when all is desolate made

Didst thou deem me unworthy to share thy path to the shade 9

’ Thou should st rather have called me the same sad fortune to bear ;

One keen stroke had slain us in one dark hour of despair .

These hand s built thy pyre ; these lips to our gods did pray

h e n I— —w as w Wherefore here t liest , and cold heart a ay v 2 — 0 TH E .E N E J D I . 68 70

u s w has Thou hast stricken , sister , ith thee thine Anna died ,

’ i Yea , and thy people , and fathers , and Sidon s c ty beside

f r ! Water anon o the wounds Let me wash them thus If a breath ,

One last breath , still linger , I fain would drink it in death

she - Swift at a bound alit on the topmost funeral stair ,

Took in her arms her expiring sister , and folded her there

she . Groaned as held her , stanching the blood with her garment fair

She strives vainly t o Open her wearied eyes and oppre ssed

- Fails , and they close once more , and the death wound sobs in her breast .

Thrice on her couch with an effort sh e raised her pillowed her head

Thrice on the elbow beneath her , and thrice fell back on the bed

Upwards lifted her wandering gaze , and above and around

sh Sought in the heavens for the light , and groaned when light e had four

Then in compassion of this long pain , this lingering breath ,

J 1111 0 from heaven sent Iris to loose her soul from the clay

’ For , since neither in nature s course , nor in merited death

’ Wrought by another s hand , but , before her hour and her day ,

d sh e Sa ly died , in a passion of sudden love and distress ,

Death ’ s great Queen from her forehead had not dissevered the tress

of Yet her yellow hair , nor had sentenced her to the Night .

w w So upon saffron ings came Iris , de ily bright ,

s i w Down from the skie descending , and tra ling a rainbo train , D — 2 1 8 TH E z E N E l . Iv 0 1 0 . 7 7 5

o f Made a thousand colours that flashed in the sunlight again ,

t as Ligh ed above her , and crying , I bear , bidden , away

s for Thi a tribute to Death , and dissolve thy fetters of clay ,

i Sundered the lock with her hand . Forthwith her body res gned

All its genial fire , and her life went forth to the wind .

ARGUMEN T

’ ZE n eas s s his a e th e e s o f Di s u a i e n in pur ue voy g , fir do f ner l p le r dde g

h i h n m m f r ic i an d th e t e s e s e in him . Th e T a s a n c e e o S k b d roj ke o or ly ,

ien in e s s h e e ei s h em a h a n w s e sin c fr dly k g Ac te t re r c ve t . A ye r s o elap d e th e ea h o f n hise s an d E n eas e e a es w i h om un e a am e s in d t A c , c l br t t p p f r l g

’ h i e a h h n u i ian an d a i ic o f h e se am e s s d ad f t er s o o r . A br ll t r p d p ture t g form s th e su bj ec t o f th e chie f portion o f th e book ; c on c lu din g w ith a d e s i i n o f Tro a a a a a e is am i ia t o th e u n m an cr pt o j , g y c v lry ex rc e , f l r yo g Ro

n es an d a e e t o be o f T an i in . it s s e am e s m obl , ll g d roj or g At clo , fl fro th e vessels an ch ore d upon sh ore in dicate th at th e fleet h as been fire d by

th e w m en o f T w h o are w e a of th e sea. Th e sh i s are s a e a o roy , ry p v d by

w n o f ain an d w a n e in a eam n ch is e s ZEn eas ea in do pour r ; , r d dr by A , (l v g

ehin h im a se em en in ic i e s m es h is u se w a s L a iu m b d ttl t S ly)r u co r to rd t ,

h e n f m i t la d o pro se . BOO! V

s Far on the seas meanwhile , as an arrow peeds to the mark ,

Z—E Sailed neas , and clave wild floods with the north wind dark ,

on Turning to gaze the city , that even already is seen

sk d Reddening the y with the fires of the sa Phoenician Queen .

Little the cause they know of the bright flames yonder displayed

th Yet sad thoughts of e anguish of great love falsely betrayed ,

’ w All the familiar tale what a oman s fury will dare ,

f Lead each Teucrian heart through a sad foreboding o care .

Soon as the vessels to deep sea came , no land with the eye

Seen any longer , around them the waters , above them the sky ,

’ Purple cloud drave over the hero s head , in its womb

Carrying darkness and storm , and the waves grew rough with the gloom .

Even the pilot himself, Palinurus , cries from his post Why these clouds that encompass the heavens in a gathering host 9

w u s 9 What doom , lord of the billo s , awaits Then in a breath

t o e ars Bids them reef all canvas , and bend with a will to the , 2 2 2 TH E AEN E H) 6— V . 1 36

here Now to the tempest trimming his sails Great , he saith ,

to E ven were Jove Immortal plight me his heavenly faith ,

Never with skies like these can I reach the Italian shores .

Shifting winds roar contrary ways , from the blackening west

i Rising in force , and the m sts of the air into cloud are pressed

t o w All too feeble the vessels strive there ith , or essay

Head to the storm . Since Fate is the sovereign , ours to obey

Turn our course at her bidding Methinks not far on the sea

’ Sicily s coasts and the kingdoms of brotherly Eryx be ,

If I aright have remembered the stars observed on the way .

PEn eas is Quoth In sooth this many an hour , it plain ,

Such is the will of the breezes , and all thy labour is vain .

Alter the course . What welcomer shore can a Teucrian find ,

More to desire as a shelter for ships outworn by the wind ,

Than where Acestes of Troy still breathes sweet life , and the blest

A shes and bones o f a father in earth are folded to rest 9

So for the haven they make once more , and a following gale ,

Risen from the west , inflates with a favouring breath their sail .

Over the heaving billows the ships of the Teucrians go

Gladly at last to an anchor are brought on the beach they know .

of d High on a neighbouring mountain , Acestes , king the lan ,

Armed with his j avelins grim , in the skin of a Libyan bear ,

2 2 TH E . N J D 8- 4 E E v . 5 7 8

Come , and with cheerful honour the dead in remembrance keep .

A sk - at his tomb for a fair sea wind . May he grant me the j oy

- Gifts like these ere long , in a new built city of Troy ,

a t o Year by year on an alt r his name has hallowed place .

- Two huge oxen , Acestes , the Troj an born , of his grace

Gives unto each of the ships . This night to the banquet command

’ Ilion s gods , and the gods of Acestes , king of the land .

After the ninth fair morning for mortal men has unfurled

Genial day , and the rays of the dawn uncurtained the world ,

I with a race of the vessels will open the Troj an games .

Every runner of speediest foot , each hero who claims

Praise for his arrow light or his j avelin , all who demand

l t o - Bold y enter the battle with cestus gauntleted hand ,

’ Let them attend, and aspire each brave to the conqueror s palm .

Crown ye with boughs ; and be hushed , all voices , in holiest calm .

o Then with the myrtle of Venus the chieftain wreathes him . With j y

Hel m u s bo y , aged Acestes , adorn their foreheads the y

Ascan obeys the behest , and the youthful gallants of Troy .

While from the council assembled the son with his thousands around

’ Strides in the midst of the host to the father s funeral mound ;

fl a on s o f of Twain huge g wine unwatered , new milk twain ,

of . Pours for libation , and two great bowls of the blood the slain - TH E z E N E /Z) v . 79 99

- i e xclain i s Scattering bright l ned flowers on the tomb All hail , he ,

Ashes o f one whom vainly I rescued once from the flames

i o t is Spirit and shade of my sire , all ha l N mine the empr e

to t o By thy side attain the promised Italian skies ,

’ Seeking an unknow n Tiber on far Ansonia s soil .

of Ere he had uttered the word , amid sevenfold masses coil ,

w o f Sliding in seven great rings , from the sacred hollo s gloom

s s w Trailed an enormou erpent , in peace reathed over the tomb

i t o S lently gliding from altar altar , his every fold

Chequered with dark blue blots bright patche s of fiery gold

s s as bow Burned on his cale , the from a raincloud breaking anon

s s s su n . Flashe a thou and colours , that glance in the di tant

ZEn as Spellbound stood e . The serpent in long array

fl a on s s his s w a Made through g and poli hed cups inuous y ,

s Tasted the fea t , then , leaving the altars where he had fed ,

s Entered in peace once more the epulchral mound of the dead .

’ hi i s s Whether s s re familiar , or geniu haunting the shore

Thus be revealed him , he knows not , renews his rites but the more

as is w w s Slays , meet , t ain e es of the yester year at the hrine ,

w s tw o s Two young heifers ith darkening back , votive wine ;

w Pours from the bo l libation , and summons back from the grave

’ s set Great Anchises gho t , free from the Acheron wave . 1 — 2 2 6 TH E [ ENE/D v . 00 1 2 1

ff Gladly his comrades o er , as each can spare of his cheer ,

Gifts , load every altar , and slaughter many a steer ;

Brazen caldrons appoint to the fire , then , stretched on the sward ,

s Under the spits live embers place , roast fle h for the board .

’ - ’ w s had T as the expected day , and the Sun god s hor es borne

Upwards in light unclouded the ninth fair queen of the morn .

o f o f Led by the name and the fame Acestes , king the land ,

s Tribes from the marches gather in concour e gay to the strand ,

to s s E ager some compete , and the Teucrian ome to behold .

Gifts are arranged in the centre before all eyes to be seen

Tripods meet for the priest and the altar , garlands of green ,

’ of fo r for Branches palm the conqueror s meed , bright arms the bold ,

Raiment dipped in the purple , with talents silver and gold .

’ Hark ! from the central hill tis the trumpet soun ds for the games

- Picked from the fleet four equal barks , each ponderous oared ,

Mn e h eu . st s Enter the watery lists Here , noblest of names , — Teucrian warrior n ow ere long an Italian lord

w Urges the flying Dragon , her cre all keen for the race

Memmian s . to Sire of the hou e There Gyas steers his place ,

Chim w ra Handling the huge , immense of bulk and of span ,

his Vast as a floating town . Three tiers that Teucrians man ,

Triple banks uplifted in order over the brine ,

Q o r o o q t n Q fr o m w li m n

2 2 8 TH E { I V 1 —1 66 ENE D . 44

Not so swiftly the cars in the two -wheeled chariot race

Scour the expanse of plain , stream forth from the barrier space ;

N o t so s plunges the yoke , when the charioteer as he speed

hi i s s . Tosses flowing reins , and ar sing , lashe his steeds

Thundering voices and loud applause from the woodlands sound ,

- m Roll from the land locked shores , from the ountains echo around .

w of Far to the front shoots Gyas , of cro d and thunder clear ,

n r Gliding ahead o the wate . Cloanthus follows in rear

’ of e ars Better his service , but his vessel s ponderous size

' an e u al Heavily stays him . Behind , at q interval , vies

f s Dragon with Centaur vast for the oremo t lead on the bow .

’ i i — s n N o w t s the Dragon hath t the Centaur pa ses her o w .

n e w Beak by beak and together the pair travel in line ,

s E ach w ith her long keel ploughing in lengthened furrow the brine .

th e Nearer the ships had drawn meanwhile to reef and the mark ,

w When , still leading the van , mid ay on the watery realm ,

o his Gyas shouts to Men etes , the master guiding bark

Whither away to the starboard seas 9 Turn hither the helm ;

t o w Cling the shore , graze lightly the larboard rocks ith the blade .

. o Leave deep water to others He spake but Men etes , afraid ,

d hi s . Sheered to the open , in fear of the shallows , eaf to chief

so c 9 Whither aw ay wildly , Men etes Head for the reef — 1 6 1 8 TH E xE N E l D V . 7 7

Fo r o 10 ! is Gyas thunders again . Cl anthus , at hand

Close on her larboard quarter and holding nearer to land .

i on E dg ng the shore the left , in the inner channel between

’ sea- is Gyas s bark and the loud rocks , his Scylla seen ,

Suddenly forges ahead to the front , flies suddenly past ,

Then rounds swiftly the beacon , and holds safe water at last .

’ Fierce grief broke to a flame in the hero s heart ; on his cheeks

Salt tears rolled ; in his anger the tardy Menoetes he seeks .

’ o f i All unmindful honour s vo ce and the lives of his crew ,

l w Head ong into the aters the laggard helmsman he threw ,

s to s ss S trode him elf the rudder , him elf a umed the command ,

hi s t o . Cheerily spake to men , then wrested the helm the strand

n Scarcely from u der the billows emerging , stricken in years ,

d s Heavy with ripping raiment , Menoete slowly appears

Makes for the dry rock level , and yonder safely he sits .

his w Laughter greeted fall , and pursued him s imming t o land

l w s Laughter fol o s him still as the salt eawater he spits .

s Hope at the sight inspirits the hearts of the hindmo t pair ,

Ere he recovers , the palm from the lingering Gyas to bear .

s n Seizing the vantage water , Sergestus edge the ba k ,

Draw s not his Centaur clear of the rival keel on her flank

s is th e Part of her broadside clear it , a part pressed by prow 0 { V 1 88- 2 0 3 TH E ENEID . 7

Still of the j ealous Dragon . Amidst his mariners now

Mn esth eu e ar Over his deck strides s bold Rise all to the ,

’ i ! w Brave compan ons he shouts great Hector s fello s of yore ,

’ Whom I chose to be mine upon Ilion s funeral n ight ;

n ow th e Put forth your spirit , old inveterate might ,

Which once nerved ye the sands of the shifting Syrtes to brave ,

’ Dread Ionia s seas , and the merciless Malean wave .

— ’ Mn esth eu s n o . asks no triumph , alas conqueror s place

Yea let them that are chosen of Neptune win in the race

h l at e ess . n N , deem it reproach to be last This victory gai ,

’ s Friend , at the least , and preserve us from shame s indelible stain .

to E very muscle is strained ; they bend the benches with glee ,

- w Brass bound timbers are shaken ith huge strokes dealt to the sea .

Waters recede from beneath them the limb and the feverish lip

- - Quiver with quick drawn breath , and the sweat drops over them drip .

Chance vouchsafed t o the gallants the modest fame they desire .

ch an n el ‘ er estu s While in the inner S g , all upon fire ,

— for of Heads for the rock , as he nears it , want an ampler sweep ,

- Lo ill fated he strikes upon crags that j ut to the deep .

E ven the reefs are shaken ; the e ars upon splinters o f rock

w w . Catch and crash , and the bo s hang helpless and rent ith the shock

Oarsmen spring from the thwarts , hold fast to the ledge with a cry ,

2 3 2 TH E ALL/VE T] ? — V . 2 2 9 2 49

Should their laurels be stolen , and rivals rob them of fame

’ E ven at sweet life s cost for the glory of victory long ;

on t o Yonder thrive success their strength is to seem be strong .

Beak on a level with beak , peradventure both of the braves

ow di s N had vided the prize , but Cloanthu spreads to the w ave s

Both clasped hands , prays loudly , attests all heaven t o his v ow

, w is sea w w Gods hose royal domain the , hose aters I plough ,

l - l w Glad y before your altars a milk white bu l I ill lay ,

’ on i Yonder shore , right gladly a debtor s offer ngs pay

’ n t o i Fli g the billows a victim s heart , pour w ne from the bo w l .

Lo w as w s as he spake , he heard far do n in the wave by the whole

Nereid band , and the Neptune choir , and the ocean maid ,

P n s Fair a op ea. The sire Portunus graciou ly laid

his sh e Hands almighty upon him , and pushed ship as flew .

Sw ifter than southern gale or a feathered arrow sh e made

w as w . Soon to the shore , and lost in the distant harbour to vie

ZEn eas Summoning all , by voice of herald proclaims

’ N o w his Cloanthus victor o f all Troy s fleet in the games ;

Crow n s with the bay -leaf green his brow s then gives to the crew s

f n Largess noble o three steers each , for the win er to choose

o f of s b s . Flagons wine , and silver a mas ive talent e ides

Special honours apiece for the captains then he provide s ; l — ) . ) 2 0 2 1 TH E z E N E l D I V . 5 7 wb

th e i - First for v ctor a gold bound scarf, twice round it in rows

Thick Meliboean purple for border meandering goes .

Here inw oven a prince with his hounds and his arrows is seen

’ Chasing the fl eet -foot deer amid Ida s forest s of green

s . E ager and breathless seems . There swooping , and talons di played

’ - Jupiter s armour bearer has borne him aloft from the glade .

Wildly his aged guards stretch forth vain hands upon high

k Furious hounds yell vainly with baying throats to the s y .

to t o Next the chief who meri s the second honour , he t ld

o en Hauberk of polished chain , thrice threaded with gold

Spoil that his conquering hands from the slain Dem oleo s tore

’ ’ Neath high Troy , on the rapidly rolling Simois shore .

Heavy and many its folds upon straining shoulder s to -day

Sa aris w Hardly can g even , or Phegeus , bear it a ay

Stalwart slaves yet of old its lord in his armour -chain

’ Drove Troy s scattering legions in hot flight over the plain .

Brazen caldrons twain for a third last guerdon he gave ;

w B owls from the silver wrought , and engraven ith tracery brave .

N ow all held their prizes and proud were wending their way ,

w Purple ribbons adorning their foreheads bound ith the bay ,

s e ar When from the wild rock painfully re cued , many an

M on e his d to issing , but tier left isabled bark , the shore TH E E N I V 2 2 - 2 2 34 E D . 7 94

r Home amid j ee s Sergestus his way inglorious wrought .

on is As the crown of the great highway some snake that caught ,

Crushed by a wheel as it crosses , or left in torture to lie

-b Mangled and all but slain by the stone of a passer y ,

Seeking idly for shelter , it writhes round slowly , in part

Fierce to the last , eyes blazing with fire , throat lifted to dart — Hiss upon hiss part , lamed with the wound , still keeps it in vain

w Wreathing its spires , and ent ining its knotted coils in its pain

So with her oarage crippled , the ship makes slowly her way ,

Nevertheless spreads canvas , and glides full sail to the bay .

T for r hen for the rescued bark , the sailors saved f om the seas ,

’ Troy s glad chief t o Sergestus the promised guerdon decrees

Pholo e fo r h er Gives him fair a slave , in motherly bloom ,

Cretan of race , twin boys at her bosom , and skilled at the loom .

’ ’ to d Ship race o er , Troy s gracious lord a mea owy space

’ Leads them , enclosed all round in a darksome forest s embrace ,

o f l Set in the mountains . An oval green through the val ey extends ,

’ Like some theatre s ring . With his thousands hither he wends ,

“ - ’ Sits on the rude built throne , then bids by the herald s call

s Those who list to the race , and array their prizes for all .

Troj ans hither repair with Sicilians mixed ; in the van ,

his to Famed for beauty , the young E uryalus , budding man

1 — 1 36 TH E -ENEID V . 3 9 34

’ Nisus in front , more swift than the wind or the lightning s wings .

i Second Sal ns speeds , at a distance , far in the rear ;

Third E uryalus comes , but comes at an interval clear ;

Hel m u s see on y follows Diores behind , hard his trace ,

Heel upon heel and shoulder to shoul der presses the chase .

n o w Over a longer reach had the course finishing ranged ,

t o . Past he had flown , and a doubtful race a victory changed

w w ' Now was the last lap ellnigh gained , spent runners ere fast

w - Nearing the final goal , hen the ill starred Nisus at last

o f Slid on the blood the steers at the morning sacrifice slain ,

Where it had drenched in a torrent the green expanse of the plain .

Lo of his as in the hour supreme triumph , the youth he trod

’ n o t treach ro u s t o so d Kept his foot on the soil , but face the

i ’ Fell , in the v ctims gore and the ordure meeting with ill

. his l Yet in fall he forgot not his loved E uryalus sti l ,

w a Rose , as Salins came , in the midst of the slippery y ;

Salins , over him rolled , in the thick sand heavily lay .

So o s to the fr nt E uryalus flie , and , thanks to his friend ,

th e Victor , amid loud cheers , loud plaudits , reaches end

Hel m u s . N ow y next him , Diores a third over the great

’ Audience lifted , to where Troy s elders in dignity sate ,

- Saliu s his Ri ses the loud tongued clamour of , claiming meed , 2 — V . 34 36 3 TH E [ ENEID 2 37

Robbed of his honours by fraud . For the young E uryalus plead

’ Chiefl his s y the people s voice , and boyi h tears and confes sed

Merit that seems most winning when all in loveliness dressed .

to With him Diores sides , of the grievance loud complain ,

Who has in vain succeeded , the third prize earned but in vain ,

Saliu s n ow Should first place in the honours to be restored .

Sentence the great zE n eas announces E ach his reward

Keeps unchanged our order of merit none may displace .

w h o h as s Yet may I pity a friend fallen untouched by di grace .

Saliu s Then an enormous hide gives , heavy with hair ,

Loaded with golden claws of an Afric lion , to wear . “ so a If, quoth Nisus , the vanquished to gifts lordly ttain ,

If thou pity the fallen on this wise , what will remain

W f w i orthy to o fer Nisus , who earned ith mer t the crown ,

Had not the same chance thro w n him that threw thy Salins down 9

as d efiled And he spake , he discovered his limbs and forehead

ZEn eas Still with stains of his fall . graciously smiled ,

’ b Did m ao n s s Bade them a uckler bring , y cunning de ign ,

’ Trophy by Dan aan s hung at the portal of Neptune s shrine

’ With this glittering honour adorns Troy s glorious child .

s as After the races are ended , the prize portioned due

- n Z s w Breathes there any amo g ye , proclaims Enea ane , 2 38 TH E HENEIB V .

o f Valiant and ready heart , let him enter yonder the lists ,

There in the face of his fellows uplift his gauntleted wrists .

Then as he spake he displayed two prizes reserved for the bold

w his First for the victor a bull , ith horns all ribbons and gold ;

w Helmet bright and a s ord for the vanquished , to solace defeat .

Swiftly the summons is answered . In giant force to his feet

Leapt great Dares—around him the murmured hum of the crowd

Dares accustomed of old to encounter Paris the proud ;

Who , at the tomb where Hector illustrious rests with the slain , t Stretched vast Butes in dea h on the yellow sand of the plain ,

B ebr cian Son of y sires and elate with his champion bays .

N ow once more to the battle the Dares of ancient days

Lifts his towering crest , lays broadening shoulders bare ,

o n . Lunges with arms alternate , and showers his blows the air

Where is another to match him 9 From all yon myriad bands

Who dares challenge him n ow ? Who gloves in defiance his hands 9

Deeming in bright ambition that all men yield him the day ,

o f s . Grasping the horns the bull imp“atiently , yonder he stand Son of a goddess , he thunders , if none dare j oin in the fray ,

9 is Am I for ever to wait How long it seemly , he cries ,

9 Here to detain me Command me to go my way with the prize . Thundering cheers ring forth from the Troj ans in common accord

All men cry for the brave to be given his promised reward .

2 0 - 2 40 TH E f E N E l D V . 4 9 4 9

Slowly the old man spake with a breath deep draw n from his heart

o n Ah had ye looked on the gauntlets of Hercules , gazed the god

on ! Armed , seen yonder these sad shores that battle of blood

Eryx of old thy brother was harnessed thus for the fray

- Still with brain s and w ith gore thou see st they are d abbled to day .

Gloved in the se he confronted the great Alcides ; to these

I was accu stomed in days when a blood less prone to repose

i s w as Succoured st ll my vein , nor envious age by degrees

Over my forehead sprinkling as yet her whitening snow s .

s s of i Still , if Dares the Troj an mislike the e weapons m ne ,

ZEn eas Great desires , my master Acestes approves ,

s I , that the battle be equal , the E ryx g auntlet resign .

’ n o Thou be afraid longer , and doff Troy s champion gloves .

s Lightly he flung from his houlder his folded mantle away ,

w da Bared his enormous the s , vast bones , huge arms , to the y ,

as s Then stood forth a giant , and towered upreme on the sands .

’ Gauntlets of even weight Troy s lord brings forth for the fray ;

Case s in equal armour the rival champion hands .

s E ach upon tiptoe stood , ro e suddenly there to his height ,

n w Lifting o high ith undaunted heart both arms to the light ,

’ Heads draw loftily back from the reach of the enemy s stroke ;

s . Hands in skirmi h with hands play quickly , the battle provoke 0- 0 TH E E N /D 2 1 V . 4 3 4 5 E 4

- ’ Dares the nimbler footed , in manhood s confident ease

— his Huge Entellus of limb and of weight , but tardier knees

w . Totter , and troubled breath convulses his to ering frame

Wound upon wound unavailing the rival warriors aim ,

w l Blo s on their hol ow flanks rain thickly , the great thuds sound

s Back from the breasts hand wander , their ears , their temples , around .

in Cheekbones rattle . Astrain , but posture ever the same ,

c l Firm E ntellus stands , and eludes ea h vol ey that flies

Only with bending body and ever vigilant eyes .

- Dares , like a commander who storms from his earth made mound

n Some tall tow , or besieges a mountain fort with his train ,

r u E very entrance tries , reconnoitres wisely the g o nd ,

Often essays the assault , but essays it ever in vain .

Now Entellus his right hand showed as he rose to the blow ,

’ Showed for a moment , and struck , but his rapid enemy s eye

i Saw it already descend ng , and ere it lighted below ,

Dares darted aside , and it passed him harmlessly by .

Huge Entellus his strength on the vain wind wasted , and prone

’ n E arthwards heavily thundered by no man s stroke but his o w .

’ i n So upon high Erymanthus , or Ida s mounta n i cline ,

in e . Hollow with age , comes crashing , at last uprooted , the p

s Troj ans ri e to behold , and the brave Trinacrians rise 2 2 TH E {E A/E TD 1 — 4 V . 4 5 4 7 2 — All with conflicting passions fired shouts roll to the skies .

of First on the field disaster the royal Acestes appears ,

Lifts from the earth with pity his comrade equal in year s .

h ere Undismayed , unabated , the now to the fight

Keener than ever returns wild anger rouses his might

i Honour insp res him , and sense of a valour yet unrevealed .

Furiously Dares he chases in hot flight over the field ;

his w Now with right hand leads , ith his left hand now , the attack

s Ceaseless , unresting ever . As hailstorm smiting the stack

Battle so on turret and roof, rains Entellus his blow

i ff . Pl es both hands , drives hither and thither the bu eted foe

ZEn eas n o t Further the wise permits fury to rage ,

to w Leaves not fierce E ntellus insatiate battle age ,

Orders a truce forthwith , leads shattered Dares away

i thu s ' w a Far from the battle , and gently consoles him by the y

- e s 9 Ill starr d brave What madnes , alas , thy wit has estranged

’ is s 9 Seest thou not thy strength urpassed , Heaven s pleasure is changed

Yield to the Gods . And an end thereon of the duel decrees .

his his Home to the vessels faithful friends lead Dares , knees

t — w s i Tot ering , and shaken his head s ays feebly , a crim on ng flood

s . Spurts from his lip in a torrent , and teeth spurt forth with the blood

to is his Back the ships he led companions , summoned , receive

Helmet and sword to Entellu s the bull and the victory leave .

2 4 4 TH E z E N E l D v . 496 5 1 9

e c t Pandarus , chos n of old by a goddess the tru e o destroy ,

First upon Danaan ranks that day thine arrow to cast .

Buried deep in the helmet Acestes lay to the last ,

t o vie . Ready with the youths , though a veteran E ach one strings

Cord to the bow , from the quiver himself the artillery brings .

’ First from the twanging thong Hipp oco on s arrow impelled

as i Cleaves a lash the divided skies , then strikes and s held

- Fast in the timber ; the stricken mast tree shakes , and the bird

Flutters with fear all round them her pinions flapping are heard .

Mn estheu s Next keen placed him , his bowstring drawn to the breast ,

his d Levelled eye and his weapon , his keen glance upward ad ressed

Failed in an evil hour to the dove herself to attain ,

Broke with his shaft but her fetters , the hempen cords of the chain ,

Where by her captive feet from the masthead lofty she hung .

sh e to n . Into the breezes flew , the dark clouds rapidly spru g

N o w his - r his with bow to the bolt head d awn and arrow displayed ,

Swift as a thought to his brother a prayer Eurytion prayed

w Eyed her in clear sky sailing , ith joy escaping the dart

— t o Under a dark cloud flapping her wings then pierced her heart .

’ sh e Breathless fell , amid heaven s bright stars left life , and restored

sh e its . Home , as downwards floated , the fatal bolt to lord

n o w w as e Only Acestes remaining , h pe of a prize 2 0 - v . 5 5 4 2 TH E E N E/D 2 4 5

Gone , yet his arrow he still sent forth to the heavenly skies ,

’ Proudly displaying an old man s art and his resonant bow .

Sudden a sign was revealed them , as later chronicles show ,

Full of an awful omen ; a great woe pointed the tale

Prophets of doom long after proclaimed its meaning of bale .

as Lo it rose through cloudlets of glory , the reed took fire ,

Printing in flames its flight , then , vanishing , seemed to expire

un fix ed sk Lost on the viewless winds , as the stars from the y

Shoot full often across it , and bright hair trails as they fly .

Awed the Sicilians stood at the sign , and the warriors of Troy ,

Praying the Gods immortal the great ZEn eas with joy

Hails it as omen fair , then folds in a loving embrace

le ad s Happy Acestes , and him with gifts excelling in grace .

Take them , he cries , O father , for by this marvellous sign

’ i Heaven s high monarch decrees that especial honours be th ne .

Take what once w as bestowed on Anchises aged and grey

This great bowl , all graven with figures , which in his day

Cisseu s Thracian gave him , a royal gift and a sure ,

n Token and pledge of the love that he bare him , lo g to endure .

his - Then he encircled brows with the bay tree green , and addr essed

as Royal Acestes victor beyond all others confessed .

Nought Eurytion gentle of him who is chosen complains ,

’ his ow n Though twas good arrow the dove from the skie s that had cas t . 2 6 TH E z E N E l D 6 4 V . 54 3 5 4

Second in order of honour the brave w h o sundered her chain s .

He who spitted the pole with his feathered reed is the last .

ZEn eas Now the father , or ever the festival ends ,

E tides Summons py , comrade and guardian true , who attends

l S Youthful Iu us , and peaks in his faithful ear the command

Hasten to Ascan the prince ; if his boyish cavalry band

held Ready he , with his steeds for the pageant ranged at his side ,

’ his Bid him parade troop in his grandsire s honour , and ride

7 Forth in his armour: Himself the invading throng he ordains

to th e . All to depart from the course , and clear free space on plains

’ dr In Troy s chil en march , and before their sires in a line

u - Mo nted on well reined horses , a glittering company , shine .

o Murmured applause breaks forth from the allied hosts , as they g

is . Hair bound down , as the wont , with leaflets stripped from the bough

Lances of cornel tipped with steel each carries in rest ,

set Some on the shoulder a quiver smooth . High on the breast

Round each throat runs twisted a flexible golden chain .

—; — Companies three , three chiefs in command , prick over the plain

Twice six glorious children behind each leader arrayed

—in d . E qual ivisions , a captain for each , splendour parade

is One young squadron led by a youthful Priam in glee ,

’ e Named from his grandsire s name , and begotten , P lites , of thee ,

TH E { / 8 — 2 48 ENE D V . 5 6 60 5

Backs now bare in retreat—now point their steel to the breast

Now plight truce and together are pacing , lances in rest .

Even as the fabled road in the Labyrinth olden of Crete

Ran through sunless walls and a thousand paths of deceit ,

Till all tracks for retracing the j ourney failed in a maze

Whence none came that had entered , for none found clue to its ways

So with in woven paces the Troj an chivalry bright

Ride , and in sportive tangle involve gay battle and flight

Like some dolphin shoal , that afloat on the watery plain

’ ’ Cleaves Carpathia s billows and distant Libya s main .

This fair fashion of handling the steed , these trials of skill ,

Ascan revived when he circled with rampar ts Alba the Long

' ’ old Latium s Taught fathers to keep this festival still ,

As he had kept it himself, and his Troj an chivalry young .

r Alba her people tutored ; f om these , imperial Rome

i Held the trad tion , preserving the rites ancestral of home .

’ r Troy are the children called ; Troy s squad on the bright cavalcade .

m ’ Thus far funeral ga es in a father s honour were played .

to Fortune here grew fickle , each fair promise untrue .

While at the tomb they pay him the funeral honours as due , 6 06—6 2 6 TH E z E /vE H) o v . 49

Lo to the Ilian vessels Saturnian Juno sent

t as . Forth from the skies brigh Iris , and breathed fair winds she went

Deep her mighty designs , and her ancient wrath unallayed .

on So a rainbow formed of a thousand colours , the maid ,

’ Viewless to mortal eyes , ran down heaven s slope in the breeze .

Over the vast assembly her glances wander sh e sees

Shores and deserted harbours the vessels lying un manned

’ r While withd awn from the rest , Troy s dames on a desolate strand

Wept for the lost Anchises , and , as they wept him , the band

on sea. Gazed the deep great Still many a water , alas

Many a billowy reach for a toil -worn people to pass

One cry fills each bosom , on each lip rises the prayer

O for a city ! The toils of the wave are weary to bear

r S sh e St aight to the heart of the throng as a pirit of evil flew ,

Laid her immortal raiment by and her heavenly face ,

w Dor clu s Beroe , aged ife of the Thracian y , grew ,

of n Mother children once , with a ame and a glorious race .

of Thus in the midst the Troj an dames stood Iris to view .

! sad sh e Ah sisters , cries , why might not a Danaan foe

’ 9 w o e Trail us to die beneath Ilion s walls Ah people of ,

What fierce ruin awaits thee at Fortune ’ s merciless hands 9

w ar Seven long summers already are closing , since in the 2 0 TH E f E N E I — 5 D v . 6 2 7 64 5

’ Ilion fell , and we wander , alas o er waters and lands .

- n Wild sea rocks we encou ter , and measure many a star ,

i ’ Seek ng on ocean s wastes for an Italy , which as we come

Vanishes ever , and always tossed on the tumbling foam .

d ’ Here are the brotherly king oms of Eryx , Acestes halls

9 May we not here plant homes , give here to a nation her walls

Land o f my fathers Penates from foemen rescued in vain

Shall Troy call by her name n o citadel ever again 9

’ May it not ever be mine on a Hector s rivers to look ,

9 Gaze on another Xanthus , another Simois brook

e w s . Com , let us harry ith fire the accursed Ship As I dreamed ,

Lo s s in a vision the shade of the seer Ca sandra , me eemed ,

Gave me the lighted torches The Troy ye are seeking is here

” “ ’ Ti sh e . s . Here , exclaimed , your home the hour already to strike

Portents of heaven brook little delay . Four altars are near

s u s . Kindl ed to Neptune . Torche and w ill God gives alike

sh e Leading the way as spake , she uplifted a terrible brand ,

w it w S ung around and above her , ith main might heaving her hand ,

Wheeled it in flames and flung it . The hearts o f the women of Troy

- as saw . Throbbed they , spell bound they stand with a furious j oy

o f One thereon the number , a soul well stricken in years ,

s Pyrgo , nurse of the children of Priam , crie to her peers

2 2 T E E N E /Y) V 66 - 8 5 H . 7 6 7

Forth Ascanius bounds to the front ; as he lately in glee

so th e Led his battalion , to camp in danger his horse

i h s . Hotly he Spurs , and his panting guards check vainly course

i e What strange madness , he thunders , and what w ld thing do y

- 9 Ill starred dames No enemy this , no tents of the Greek

These that ye burn . Your own bright hopes in the fire ye destroy .

’ is tis Lo , it I , the Ascan ye know And his helmet the boy

Flung dislodged from his temples before their feet as he spake

’ Helmet employed so lately in sport , war s image to wake .

Soon ZEn eas in haste draws near with the Teucrian host .

’ Troy s dames , hither and thither in panic over the coast

Scattering , steal to the forests and deep cave hollows away

Loathing the deed that is done , and abhorring the light of the day .

Sobered , they know their friends , and the Juno madness is spent .

o t so se en N that unvanquished flames their fury relent ,

t ow Under the wetted timbers the still smoulders and glows ,

Vomiting thick pent smoke heat , gathering strength as it goes , Feeds on the keels fierce fire Spreads downward and ranges below

w h ere Neither can stal art , nor waters , master the foe .

Then from his shoulders his raiment the chieftain rending in prayer

Calls on the Gods for succour uplifts clasped ha nds to the air

Jove Almighty ! if yet one Troj an remain of the race 8 - 08 TH E AE v . 6 8 7 NEID

i i Whom th ne hatred assa ls not , if still thy pitying face

o ur Looks upon human sorrows , preserve vessels from fire

’ Save Troy s feeble nation from perishing , Heavenly Sire

Else , if death we deserve , with thine awful thunders to death

’ h lm o erw e . Hurl this remnant weak , and thyself us , he saith

th e Scarce has prayer been breathed , when a tempest dark as the night

on Breaks in a streaming shower . E arth trembles plain and on height ,

Shaken with thunder . From uttermost heaven fall rivers of rain ,

w Murky , and black ith storms from the southward sweeping in train .

Every vessel is drowned in the dow npour ; timbers in part

Charred and consumed by the fire at length are soaked to the heart .

Soon all fiery vapour is quenched , and the vessels of Troy — Four of the number missing are saved from flames that destroy .

ZEn eas w Then the Sire , by his cruel sorro distraught ,

w his Hither and thither avers , and turns bewildered thought

’ o f . t Mighty the load his cares Shall he res upon Sicily s plain ,

’ 9 Heedless of destiny s voice , or for Italy voyage amain

-w au te s Age orn N then , whom Pallas had chosen of yore

s t o Wi dom learn , and attain to immortal praise by her lore

’ Hers is the voice that in spires him to read w hat the Heavens great

Ever portends , or the order stern of the Fates may require

’ “ Thus consoles Troy s here Be ours with j oy to repair 2 TH E z E N E ID — 54 V . 709 7 2 9

Whithersoever the flow and the ebb o f the destinies bear ;

’ is e Fortune ever conquer d by man s endurance alone .

Thine is Acestes the Troj an , of seed celestial sown ;

w Take him to share thy counsel , his illing fellowship claim .

Leave in his keeping all whose ships have perished in flame

Those w ho tire of adventure and thy great destiny ; sires

Stricken in years , and the dame who rest from the waters desires .

w as t o Choose such souls as are eak , or fear encounter the foam ;

S w Here upon these kind hores let the earied build them a home .

to Gentle Acestes permits them give their city his name .

‘ N ew ZEn eas at the last , , his bosom kindled to flame ,

t . Know s no bounds o the troubles that rend him Gloomiest night ,

Upwards borne in her car , was ascending the heavenly height ,

sk s o f When from the dark y gliding , the hade Anchises appears

n his Sudden before him , and la guage immortal streams on ears

’ ’ s Dearer than dear life s elf, ere yet life s j ourney was done ,

’ ! Son son ! Schooled in the story of Troy s great destinies , sweet

’ ow n Hither at Jove s bidding I come , whose tempest has driven

Fire from the Ships , whose mercy at length looks down from the heaven .

s . Follow the noble counsel of Nautes , stricken in year

Take but the flower of the youth—stout hearts untroubled by fears

2 6 H fE E / - 5 T E N D v . 7 5 1 7 7 2

n o t Willing crowds , who know the thirst of immortal praise .

Those on the ships frame benches anew in the vessels restore

o ar Timbers the flames have burned fit cable and fashion the .

Thinned their number , alas but with martial fire in their veins

‘ Walls ZEn eas himself with the ploughshare marks on the plains

Portions the sites by lot . Here Ilion names , and a Troy

his Yonder . The Troj an Acestes beholds kingdom with j oy

Fixes the market ; laws with assembled Senate bestows .

Touching the stars on the summit of Eryx a temple grows , — Raised to Idalian Venus a sacred grove in its gloom

’ Spreading afar , and a priest , are given to Anchises tomb

’ ff Nine days now Troy s people had banqueted , o erings dressed

n to Rou d each altar ; and now soft airs lay ocean rest ,

w Whi spering south inds gather , and once more woo to the deep .

Over the bay sounds terrible wailing of w omen that weep .

Spent in embraces , slowly the days and the sad nights go .

n w h o so Mothers , and fainti g hearts , deemed cruel of late

’ ’ so Ocean s face , and the ocean s name worthy of hate ,

Long to depart , and to suffer the toils that wanderers know .

s w Kind ZEn ea ith gentle address their sorrowing cheers ,

h ’ Give s to the c arge of Acestes of Troy Troy s people , with tears

s s Bids them to Eryx slay three calves , to the Tempe t in turn - TH E E 2 v . 7 7 3 7 93 NEID 5 7

ew e s . One lamb , then duly the cables loose from the tern

his o f Binding forehead with leaves of an olive stripped its green ,

s High in the bow , uplifting the bowl himself he is seen ,

w to . Flinging the entrails , pouring the sparkling ine the deep

Rising behind them a fair wind follow s the mariners keen

sea . Labour the billows together , and over the blue sweep

l Now , with many a trouble her sou celestial rent ,

to Venus Neptune flies , pours forth from her heart the lament

Juno ’ s terrible anger and still unslumbering hate

0 Drive me in lowliest prayer , king , my pride to abate .

Long years have not appeased her , nor pious service sh e know s

’ ’ s Neither at Jove high will , nor at destiny s bidding , repose .

Nought it suffice s her yet to have plucked with fury of hell

’ to Troy from Phrygia s heart , have trailed her through every w o e

’ s s of Troy s la t relic , the ashes , the bones , her victim , her fell

!

w s . ! Wrath still follo The cause , be it hers , hers only , to know

Thou thyself hast w itne s sed o f late o n the Libyan main

sea s sh e s What mountain rai ed skies , waters , commingling in o n e

Wild confusion to tempe sts of ZE olu s trusting in vain ;

o w n i Yea , though in thine k ngdom the deed of daring was done .

’ sh e has Lo at the last to infernal crime led Troy s dames , 2 8 TH E [ —8 1 5 ENEID v . 7 94 5

Burned in her shameless cunning the fleet , and , his vessels in flames ,

’ Driven Troy s chief to abandon his crews on an alien shore .

May their remnant safely across thy watery floor

Sail , I entreat thee , and soon Laurentian Tiber find ,

’ ask s s If I but Jove s promi e , if Fate their home have as igned

’ s o f Answered the great sea lord , the Saturnian , king the brine

Thou dost well , Cytherea , to trust these kingdoms of mine ,

has Whence thy birth . Right loyal been my service for thee

sea. Oft I allayed great anger , the rage of the skies and the

Nor upon land , as the Xanthus and Simois know , did I fail

ZEn eas . Thine to shield When Achilles , scouring the plain ,

’ w - Hurled upon Troy s own alls her battalions breathless and pale ,

— s Gave to the tomb whole legions , when river choked with the Slain

Groaned , and the Xanthus found no channel to roll to the main ,

ZEn eas s Then , as thy loved against Pelide in fight

u Stood to the front , less favoured of Heaven , and nequal in might ,

him t o I in a dark cloud wrapped , albeit I burned destroy

! o w n —~ Yea though mine hands raised her the perjured city of Troy .

Still my purpose abides unchanged . Thy terrors allay

S as Av ern ian ba Safe he hall enter , thine heart seeks , the y.

n One so only of Troy in the watery flood shall be lost ,

One life only among them of many a life be the cost .

— 2 60 TH E xE N E ID V . 838 85 7

’ - When Sleep , lightly descending from heaven s st ar glistening floor ,

’ in Parted the darksome air , and dispelled night s shadows , quest ,

Brave Palinurus , of thee . Dire dreams for thine innocent breast

t Bore the immor al god , as he sate on the poop of the ship ,

h rbas P o in outward shape , these words on his heavenly lip

s - sea Ia us born Palinurus , the takes onward the fleet ;

’ ! w Airs breathe evenly lo tis an hour hen slumber were Sweet .

Rest those brows , let wearied eyes play truant to toil

i w I for a little will ply thy task and be p lot a hile .

his i Hardly uplifting glance , Pal nurus answered and spake

Is it the old Palinurus thy lips bid thus to mistake

w s Look of a tranquil water , of billo s eeming to sleep 9

9 Me , Palinurus , to rest on the faith of the monster deep

’ s TEn eas What , tru t Troy s to breezes treacherous , I ,

Duped so oft by the treason of clear and unclouded sky 9

s i his E ven as he pake , to the t ller he still clung closely , hand

w Never relaxing , the stars ith his eye still steadily scanned .

Lo the immortal g o d w aves over his temples a spray

’ w a S teeped in a Stygian charm and in Lethe s dews by the y ,

’

w . Closes , despite his endeavours , the mariner s s imming eyes

’ ’ Se e n as his limbs were slac k n in g in slumber s early surpri se — 8 8 8 1 TH E . N V . 5 7 E E/D

s S his Stooping , he hurled him below to the hining eas , in fall

w Trailing shattered planks from the stern and the rudder ithal ,

Headlong driven , and invoking his comrades vainly and oft .

w o d Then to the vie less breezes the g sailed lightly aloft .

o t e N l ss safely and swiftly the fleet rides over the wave ,

Travels bold and secure in the promise that Neptune gave .

to ff s n o w w Nearly at last the cli s of the Siren it was blo n ,

’

w . Dangerous once , still hitened with many a mariner s bone

s Hollow w ith thunder of surge everla ting the great rock s soun d .

o f s w Then , perceiving the roll his ve sel , her helmsman dro ned ,

Troy ’ s chief helmed her himself through the midnight waves and

’ w fo r Groaning aloud , sore stricken ith grief his follower s doom

to o w sk Ah readily trusting to calm of aters and y ,

w Thine upon sands unkno n , Palinurus , naked to lie ARGUME N T

E n as ea hin at as th e m ise sh es o f I a an s at Cum te e , r c g l t pro d or t ly , l d , an d s eek s th e c av ern o f th e Cu m a an Sibyl th e d e scription o f w h ich dim ly

em in s th e ea e o f th e ac at D e h i m e w i h th i m r d r d r or le lp . Ar d t e tal s an o f a o en u h an d u n er th e u i an c e o f th e Si ZE n eas e sc e n s g ld bo g , d g d byl , d d in th e e io n s o f th e e a in s e a ch o f h i i n h i to r g d d r s s re A c s es .

H h is u n e in s m in e a e an d th e in e es e e en s . H e t ra re jo r y g cul t , t r t d p

’ vers e s in Ch aron s b o at th e Stygian l ak e e n t ers th e gh ostly w orld ; an d sees in th e m e s h au n e h se w h o h a e ie fo r n h a yrtle grov , t d by t o v d d u ppy

e th e s i i o f in i n an Di A s h e c ee s u h er h e h e a s t h e lov , p r t d g t do . pro d f rt , r sh ie s o f th e u i w h o are s u ff e in m en in H e an d e a n s h e i r k g lty r g tor t ll , l r t r

a i u s a es : i a e h a in f e e th e n u h at th e a e o f v r o f t t ll , ft r v g o f r d golde bo g g t

se in e h e asse s at as t o th e E s ian e s o f th e ble st fi w h e re Pro rp , p l t ly fi ld am n a w o f Sh a w h e i n n h i o g cro d do s d sc er s A c s e s .

Th e n e in s th e n o e s a in L in i e I is t h e a e b g bl t p s sage at l teratur . t f t o f u i e h u m an s i i s a e h usan s o f ears o f u a io n a ain t o p r fi d p r t , ft r t o d y p rg t , g be s en t o an h e i o n e a h an d n c h is e s is w a ch in as h e s an s t ot r l fe rt ; A t g , t d ,

’ a train o f fut ure h eroe s w h o are d e stin e d t o m ak e Rom e s n am e gloriou s

l H e ain t h i TE i i m f t o a l tim e . expl s o s so n n e as th e gre at re l g ou s y stery o th e sou l s w aitin g fo r a s econ d life ; an d ru n s through th e splen did roll o f

’ m e s c o m in in s an d w a i r s w h se ec sh a w s E n eas s ee s Ro g k g rr o , o proj ted do

Fin a at th e c s e— a e Cae r h m e n e o him . sa t e ea a d b f re lly , lo ft r gr t , Po p y ,

u u s u s h im s e —E n e as s e e s th e ac i u s m o f a u h u in e A g t lf ob rv gr o for yo “t f l pr c , i TH E YOU N G w alkin g by th e side o f o n e o f th e fam ou s M arc elli. It s ” ARCE LLU S so n o f arc e u s an d O c a ia s is e t o u u s u s an d M , M ll t v ( t r A g t )

u h i Th e b o n w h m o m u ch h ado pte d by A gu stus as s o w n h eir . oy o s ope h ad b een fix e d w as d e em e d t o die o n th e very verge o f m an h ood ; an d th e sixth [E n e id re c e ives addition al in tere st from th e fact th at it w as re ad alou d sh ortly after h is d eath by Virgil at th e Im p erial Court in th e p re

n f u u s u n d f th e u n h a m h \h en th e e c am e s e ce o A g t s a o ppy ot er . V po t ” t o th e w e - n w n assa e Tu M arc ellu s er is O c a ia sw n e an d w as ll k o p g , t v oo d ,

e i c arrie d u n con s c io u s o u t . A b u st b l eve d t o re pre se n t th e you n g M arc ellu s

e is s in th e u s eu m at e s o f w h ich . is o n o f F n hi x t M Arl , Mr Alfred Morr o t ll h as kin dly proc ure d m e a photo graph th at w ill be fou n d re p rod u c e d in th e fro n tispie c e .

2 6 TH E E 1 — 4 NEID VI . 7 39

Airily poising at last upon this Chalcidian range ,

n t o t Here first touchi g the land , Apollo hallowed his ligh

o f Oarage wings ; and a temple colossal built on the site .

Graved on the doors is the death of An dro geo s yonder in turn

’ Attica s land , condemned each year in atonement to yield

Seven of her children the lots are drawn , still standing the urn

Rising from midmost ocean , to match them , Crete is revealed .

’ I Here s the gloomy romance of the bull , Pasiphae s blind

tw o Passion and twiformed Minotaur , bodies combined ,

Record of lawless love there , marvellous labour , were shaped

w Palace and inding mazes , from whence no feet had escaped ,

Dmd alus h er Had not pitied the lorn princess and love ,

And of himself unentangled the woven trick of the grove ,

’ Guiding her saviour s steps with a thread . Thee , too , he had wrought ,

Icarus , into the picture , had grief not baffled the thought .

w T w ice he essayed upon gold to engrave thine agony , t ice

o f . i Faltered the hands the father , and fell E ach noble dev ce

s is Long their eyes had peru ed , but Achates now in sight

o With him the priestess comes , dread servant of Ph ebus and Night ,

To Daughter of Glaucus the seer . the Troj an monarch sh e crie s

’ ZEn eas Tis not an hour , , for feasting yonder thine eyes .

Better to slaughter from herds unyoked seven oxen and seven

f s . E w es o the ye ter year , as a choice oblation to Heaven \ ) 1 v i 0 —60 TH E [ L 0 . 4 ENEID U

as Then , the ministers hasten the rites ordained to prepare ,

’ Into the depth of the temple she bids Troy s children repair .

’ n th e There is a cavern hew in mountain s enormous side ,

Reached by a hundred gates , and a hundred passages wide .

’ Thence roll voices a hundred , the seer s revelations divine .

’ to When by the doors they stood Tis the hour inquire of the shrine ,

10 Cried the illumined maiden The God , here is the God

as sh e S E ven spake , while still on the threshold only he trod ,

Sudden her countenance altered , her cheek grew pale as in death ,

fl ew Loose and disordered her fair hair , heart panted for breath ,

’

. w Bosom with madness heaved More lofty than oman s her frame ,

More than mortal her voice , as the presence of Deity came

Nearer upon her . And art thou slow to petition the shrine ,

’ — Troy s [Eneas a laggard at prayer 9 nought else w ill i n cline

h ! s e s s . This charmed temple , cries , its colos al doors to unclo e

T e hen stands silent . The v teran bones of the Teucrians froze ,

Chilled with terror , and prayer from the heart of the monarch arose

o w o e Ph ebus compassionate ever to Troy in the hour of her ,

Who again st haughty Achilles of old didst prosper the bo w

Bent by the Dardan Paris , beneath thine auspices led

sea s s Many a I have travelled around great continent pread ,

as Mass lian s s i Far y tribes and the quick and lin ng their plain . V 6 1 —80 2 66 TH E AENEID I.

’ ! Italy s vanishing regions , behold , thy people attain

Here may the evil fate o f the Troj an s leave us at last

’ ’ ’ tis s Per am a s Spare , for mercy s hour , thi remnant of g race ,

s s in Gods and goddesses all , whose j ealou eye the past

’ Looked upon Ilion s glories From thee I implore one grace ,

u . u s Prophet of Heaven , dark seer of the fut re Grant the debt , — Long by the destinies owed u s a kingdom promised of yore

’ set Foot upon Latium s borders at length may Teucrians ,

Bearing their household gods by the tempests tossed evermore

’ ’ I , their votary grateful , in Phoebus and Trivia s praise

Hewn from the solid marble a glorious fane will raise ,

’ Call by Apollo s name his festival . Also for thee

Shall in our future kingdom a shrine imperial be .

S There hall thine own dark sayings , the mystic fates of our line ,

Gracious seer , be installed , and a priesthood chosen be thine .

to h Only entrust not leaves thy prop ecy , maiden divine ,

’ Lest in disorder , the light winds Sport , they be driven on the air

e . His Chant thyself the pr diction lips here ended from prayer .

o f to Still untamed Apollo , stature terrible grown ,

re h etic d Raves the p p mai in her cavern , fain to dethrone — . This great God who inspires her the more w ith bit doth school

Fiery mouth and rebelliou s bo som and mould her to rule .

E 1 0 2 - 1 2 2 68 TH E NEZD VI . 3

After her madness ceased and her lips of frenzy were still ,

ZEn eas : Thus replied No vision , lady , of ill

Comes unimagined now to the exile here at thy door ;

E ach has he counted and traversed already in spirit before .

t— s One sole grace I entrea Since these be the gates , it is aid ,

Sacred to Death and the twilight lake by the Acheron fedQ

Leave to revisit the face of the sire I have loved so w ell

on . Teach me the way thyself, and unlock y portals of hell

on This was the sire I bore my shoulders forth from the flame ,

w as w e e . Brought through a thousand arro s , that vexed our flight cam

w Safe from the ranks of the foemen . He shared my j ourney ith me

w as of sea Weak as he , braved ocean , the threats sky and of ;

More than the common strength or the common fate of the old .

’

. n Tis at his biddi g , his earnest prayer long since , I am fain

Thus in petition t o seek thy gate . With compassion behold

w Father and son , blest maid , for untold thy po er , nor in vain

Over the groves of Avernus hath Hecate set thee to reign .

w as his w Grace to Orpheus granted , bride from the shado s to bring ,

Strong in the pow er of his lyre and its sounding Thracian string .

’ his Still in turn dies Pollux , a brother s life to redeem ,

Travels and ever retrav els the j ourney . Why of the great

9 Theseus tell thee , or why of Alcides mighty relate

as is s . My race , even theirs , descended from Jove the upreme 1 2 - 1 6 TH E f if N E /Z) 2 6 VI . 4 4 9

to . So evermore he repeated , and still the altar he clung

’ She in reply Great Hero , of heaven s high lineage sprung ,

s to Son of Anchises of Troy , the de cent Avernus is light

’ th e Death s dark gates stand open , alike through day and the night .

t o But retrace thy steps and emerge to the sunlight above ,

’

. w This is the toil and the trouble A few , hom Jupiter s love

o r w t h as S s Favours , hose brigh valour raised them thence to the kie ,

. S Born of the gods , have succeeded On this ide wilderness lies ,

n his w i w Black Cocytus arou d it t il ght waters ent ines . —

Still , if such thy desire , and if thus thy spirit inclines

w T ice to adventure the Stygian lake , twice look on the dark

o n w Tartarus , and it delights thee quest so ild to embark ,

t un Learn what first o perform . On a tree no s that receives — Hides one branch all golden its yielding stem and its leaves

to o f f Sacred esteemed the queen the shadows . Forests o night

s s . Cover it , sloping valley enclo e it around from the light

Subterranean gloom and its mysteries only may be

Reached by the mortal who gathers the golden growth of the tree .

This for her tribute chosen the lovely Proserpina needs

' h s Aye to be brought her . The one boug broken , another succeed ,

s s . Also of gold , and the pray bear leaf of a metal as bright

Deep in the forest explore , and if once thou find it aright ,

e w its o w n Pluck it the branch will f llo , of grace and design , “ 0 1 —1 6 2 7 THE AEN EIZ) VI . 47 7

Should thy destiny call thee or else no labour of thine

w . Ever ill move it , nor ever thy hatchet conquer its might

’ an d kn ow st sh e Yea , the corpse of a friend , although thou not ,

s ss w Lies upon Shore unburied , and taint thy ve els ith death ,

i n Wh le thou tarriest here at the gate thy future t o k ow .

t o s s Carry him home his re t , in the grave his body be tow

’ Death s black cattle provide for the altar ; give to the shades

s first lu stral so Thi oblation , and on the Stygian glades ,

o n m Even realms where never the feet of the living co e ,

’ s Thou halt finally look . Then , closing her lips , she was dumb .

w w s s E Sadly , ith do nca t eye , neas turns to depart ,

Leaving the cave on the issues dark foretold by her word s

Pondering much in his bosom . Achates , trusty of heart ,

’

s as his . Paces beside him , plunged in a mu ing deep lord s

Many the troubled thought s that in ranging talk they pursue

is s Who the dead companion the prieste s spake of, and who

s 9 Yonder unburied lie And advancing thither , they find

on s s High the beach Mi enus , to death untimely con igned ,

ZEolu s- s w born Misenu , than hom no trumpeter bright

w fo r Ble more bravely battle , or fired with music the fight

’ w h o Comrade of Hector great , at Hector s Side to the war

’ his his Marched , by soldier s spear and trumpet known from

2 2 TH E z E N E l D 1 1 - 2 1 7 VI . 9 4

And at his side on the green turf lighted . The hero of Troy c Knows the celestial birds of his mother , and ries with j oy

w i Guide us , if ever a way be , and cleaving s iftly the sk es ,

Wing for the grove w here in shadow a golden branch overlies

- . is One all favoured spot Nor do thou in an hour that dark ,

son ! So a Mother , desert thy saying , he p uses to mark

What be the omens , and whither the birds go . They in their flight ,

’ Soaring , and lighting to feed , keep still in the Teucrians sight .

h When t ey have come to the valley of baleful Avernus , the pair ,

Shooting aloft , float up through a bright and radiant air

Both on a tree they have chosen at length their pinions fold

f Through whose branches o green is a wavering glimmer of gold .

As in the winter forest a mistletoe often ye see

of - Bearing a foliage young , no growth its own oak tree ,

Circling the rounded holes with a leafage of yellow ing bloom

w as as - ’ Such the branching gold , it shone through the holm oak s gloom ,

So i n in the l ght wind rustled the foil . ZE eaS with bold

Ardour assails it , breaks from the tree the reluctant gold

’ Then to the Sibyl s palace in triumph carries it home .

Weeping for dead Misenus the Troj an host on the shore

N o w to his thankless ashes the funeral offerings bore .

Rich with the resinous pine and in o ak -hewn timbers cased - v 2 1 2 6 TH E . N M) 1. 5 3 E E 7 3

s s i Ri es a giant pyre , in its ides dark fol age laced ;

o f Planted in front stand branches cypress , gifts to the grave

Over it hang for adornment the gleaming arms of the brave .

w t S ome heat fountain a er , the bubbling caldron prepare

- o . n Clay cold limbs then wash and an int Wail sounds o the air .

is on Dirge at an end , the departed placed the funeral bed ;

’ d O er him they fling bright raiment , the wonted attire of the ead .

sad o f Others shoulder the ponderous bier , service death

Some in ancestral fashion the lighted torches beneath

w Hold ith averted eye s . High blaze on the burning pyre

Incense , funeral viands , and oil outpoured on the fire .

After the ashes have fallen and flames are leaping no more ,

n Wine o the smouldering relics and cinders thirsty they pour .

s Co r n aeu s Next in a ves el of brass y gathers the bones ,

’ w w s s Thrice bears pure spring ater around Troy s sorro ing on ,

’ o er d ew Sprinkles it them in , from the bough of an olive in bloom ,

t w s u o . Give l stration all , then bids fare ell to the tomb

ZEn eas s But the devout a vast grave build on the shore ,

’ s his c ar Places upon it the warrior arms , trumpet and ,

s sk - s Clo e to the y capped hill that from hence Misenu is hight .

his Keeping through endless ages glorious memory bright .

’ s th e Fini hed task , to accomplish the Sibyl s behest they sped . 2 TH E { / 2 —2 8 74 ENE D VI . 37 5

— w There was a cavern deep , with a ya ning throat and a dread ,

Shingly and rough , by a sombre lake and a forest of night

Sheltered from all approach . No bird wings safely her flight

it s - s Over face , from the gorges exhale such poisonous breath ,

Rising aloft to the skies in a vapour laden with death .

Here four sable oxen the priestes s ranges in line

Empties o n every forehead a brimming beaker of wine

-fi re as first - s Casts on the altar , the fruit due to the dead ,

m Hair from between both horns of the victim , plucked fro its head

’

u w . Lo dly on Hecate calls , o er heaven and the shado s supreme

t as s O hers handle the knife , and receive , it trickle , the stream

hre ZE Warm from the t at in a bowl . n eas with falchion bright

Slays himself one lamb of a sable fleece to the fell

s Mother and queen of the Furies , and great E arth , si ter of Night ,

Killing a barren heifer to thee , thou mistress of Hell .

Next for the Stygian monarch a twilight altar he lays

w t o b Flings on the flames hole bodies of bulls unquartered laze ,

Pours rich oil from above upon entrails burning and bright .

sun of When , at the earliest beam of the , and the dawn the light ,

Under his feet earth mutters , the mountain forests around

to Seem be trembling , and hell dogs bay from the shadow profound ,

’ Night s dark goddess approaching .

n Avaunt , ye unhallowed , avau t

2 6 TH E E N E D 2 8—2 6 7 J VI . 7 9

- o f Sleep , half brother Death , and the Joys unclean of the mind .

Murderous Battle is camped on the threshold . Fronting the door

s The iron cell of the Furies , and frenzied Strife , evermore

n s Wreathi g her serpent tres es with garlands dabbled in gore .

s s o f w a Thick with gloom , an enormou elm in the mid t the y

s - Spread its time worn branches and limbs false Dreams , we are told ,

s s Make their abode thereunder , and ne tle to every pray .

w Many and various monsters , withal , ild things to behold , — Lie in the gateway stabled the aw ful Centaurs of old

Scyllas with forms half-human and there with his hundred hand s

’ w D ells Briareus ; and the shapeless Hydra of Lerna s lands ,

Horribly yelling in flaming mail the Chim mra arrayed ;

- Gorgons and Harpies , and one three bodied and terrible Shade .

s n his s ZEn eas Cla pi g word , in sudden panic of fear

Points it s blade at the legion ; and had not the Heaven -taught seer

Warned him the phantoms are thin apparitions , clothed in a vain

o f Semblance form , but in substance a fluttering bodiless train

n Idly his w eapon had slashed the advanci g shadows in twain .

i Here s the path to the river of Acheron , ever by mud

w s o Clouded , for ever seething ith wild , in atiate fl od — v 2 1 TH E . N ID 1. 9 7 3 7 E E 7 7

w w s s its . Do n ard , and into Cocytu di gorging endless sands

a w Sentinel over its w ters an a ful ferryman stands ,

w Charon , grisly and rugged ; a gro th of centuries lies

hi as hi Hoary and rough on s chin a flaming furnace s eyes .

Hung in a loop from his Shoulders a foul scarf round him he

ow w n ow m N ith his pole impelling the boat , trim ing the sail

his s - w its s s Urging teel grey bark ith burden of corp e pale ,

’

s is w . Aged in years , but a god old age un ithered and hale

w s w s Do n to the bank of the river the treaming shado repair ,

ss s s w h o w Mothers , and men , and the lifele bodie of tho e ere

w Generous heroes , boys that are beardless , maids un ed ,

s Sons borne forth in the ight of their sires to the pile of the dead ,

’ Many as forest leave s that in autumn s earlie st fro st

as s i s Flutter and fall , or bird that in bev es flock to the coa t

s w w i Over the sea deep hollo s , when inter , ch lly and frore ,

s s Drive them acros s far w aters to land on a unnier shore .

Yonder they stood , each praying for earliest passage , and each

hi s s E agerly straining s hands in de ire of the oppo ite beach .

S as i s s s uch he l st to the ves el the boatman gloomy receive ,

Far from the sand s of the river the re st he cha se s and leave s .

at w .E s w Moved the ild uproar , nea , ith riveted eves 2 8 TH E .E N E H ) 1 8— 7 VI . 3 338

to 9 Why thus crowd the water the shadows , priestess he cries ;

What d o the spirits desire 9 And why go some from the shore

’ Sadly away , while others are ferried the dark stream o er 9

Briefly the aged priestess again made answer and spake

o f s Son Anchise , sprung most surely from gods upon high ,

Yon . is the deep Cocytus marsh , and the Stygian lake

E ven the Immortals fear to attest its presence and lie

k These are a multitude helpless , of spirits lac ing a grave ;

Charon the ferryman yonder the buried , crossing the wave .

Over the awful ban ks and the hoarse -voiced torrents of doom

None may be taken before their bones find rest in a tomb .

Hundreds of years they wander , and flit round river and shore ,

o f r Then t the lake they long o are free t o return once more .

h his Silent the ero gazed and his footstep halted , mind

Filled w ith his own sad thoughts and compassion of doom unkind .

f Yonder he notes , in a fliction , deprived of the dues of the dead ,

’ i L cia Leu cas s s . Near p , Orontes who y vessels had led

- as Over the wind tossed waters from Troy together they drave ,

One wild storm overtook them , engulfing vessels and brave .

Yonder , behold , Palinurus the pilot gloomily went ,

’ Who , .while sailing from Libya s Shores , on the planets intent ,

6 1 - 8 2 80 TH E E NEID VI . 3 3 3

- s t . When wild people a sailed me , a treasure rove to their mind

Now are the waves my masters I toss on the beach in the w ind .

' n su n u s 0 by the pleasa t , by the j oyo s light of the kies ,

o f By thy Sire , and Iulus , the rising hope thine eyes ,

w s h ere ! Save me from these great sorro , my Over me pour

as t o s . E arth , in truth thou canst , and return the Velian hore

s w a El e , if a heavenly mother hath shown thee yonder a y ,

’ s Since ome god s own presence , methinks , doth guide thee , who here

d Seekest to cross these streams and the Stygian marshes rear ,

and - Give thy hand to thy servant , take him with thee to day ,

So that in quiet places his wearied head he may lay

sad w Thus , phantom , he cried ; thus ans ered the seer of the Shrine

- o f 9 Whence , Palinurus , comes this ill omened longing thine

s on Thou ca t eyes , unburied , Stygian waves , the severe

u f Stream of the Furies , approach nbidden the banks o the mere

s Cease thy dream that the Fates by prayer may be ever appea ed ,

so Yet keep this in remembrance , that thy lot may be eased

n Many a eighbouring people from cities far and unknown ,

s s Taught by prodigies dire of the skies , thy bone hall atone ,

th s Building y tomb , and remitting their gift each year to thy gho st

’ So Palinurus name shall for ever cleave to the coast .

Thu s his affliction She soothes . For a little sea son his sad

Spirit has comfort he think s on his namesake land and is glad v 1 8 - 0 TH E xE N E /D 2 8 1 . 3 4 4 5

1 Thence they advance on the j ourney and 1 0W draw near to the flood .

n saw w w Se e as the boatman them , from here on the ater he stood ,

to Move through the silent forest and bend their steps the beach ,

s s . E re they arrive he acco ts them , and first break silence in speech

Stranger , approaching in arms our river , whoever thou art ,

Speak on the spot thine errand , and hold thee further apart .

This is the kingdom of shadows , of sleep and the slumberous dark ;

Bodies of living men are forbidden the Stygian bark .

N o t of mine o w n good will was Alcides over the wave

o r T n or Yonder , heseus taken , yet Pirithous brave ,

ss w Though from gods they descended , and matchle warriors ere

’ One from the monarch s presence t o chains sought boldl y to bear

’ w i Hell s unslumbering arder , and trailed him trembl ng away .

’ d s Two from her bri al chamber con pired Death s queen to convey .

Briefly again makes answer the great Amphrysian seer

Here no cunning awaits thee as theirs was , far be the fear .

’ Violence none our weapon s prepare Hell s warder may still

fo r f Bay in his cavern ever , a frighting the phantoms chill

’ ’ s s i s sh e Hell chaste mi tress keep to her k nsman s hall if will .

’ ZEn eas son s Troy s , a mo t loving , a warrior brave ,

s Goes in the quest of his ire to the deepest gloom of the grave .

If thou art all unmoved at the sigh t of a love so true 2 82 TH E { 0 — ENEID VI . 4 6 4 2 6

Here She displays him the bough in her garment hidden from View

. his m Know this branch In boso the tempest of anger abates .

o n Further he saith not . Feasting his eyes the wand of the Fates ,

fo r Mighty oblation , unseen unnumbered summers before ,

n - Charo advances his dark blue bows , and approaches the shore ;

Summons the rest o f the spirits in row on the benches who sate

t o for w Place resign the comers , his gang ay clears , and on board

hi ZEn eas . s w i Takes The cobbled boat groans under e ght .

Water in streams from the marshes through every fissure is poured .

’ Priestess and hero safely across Death s river are passed ,

- Land upon mud unsightly , and pale marsh sedges , at last .

Here huge Cerberus bays with his triple j aws through the land ,

Crouched at enormous length in his cavern facing the strand .

e en S as the Sibyl noted his hair now bristling with snakes ,

flin s of . Morsels She g him of meal , and honeyed opiate cakes

Maddened with fury of famine his three great throats unclose

Fiercely he snatches the viand , his monstrous limbs in repose

. Loosens , and , prostrate laid , sprawls measureless over his den

ZEn eas While the custodian sleeps , the entrance takes ,

Speeds from the bank of a stream no traveller crosses again .

i n as Vo ces they heard , and an infinite waili g , onward they bore ,

2 8 TH E E — 4 NEID VI . 448 46 8

a w Laodamia , and C enis , a man once , oman at last ,

ow u N by the wheel of the Fates in her former fig re recast .

-w Fresh from her death ound still , here Dido , the others among ,

w Roamed in a spacious wood . Through shado the chieftain soon

is Dimly discerned her face , as a man , when the month but young ,

s or h as o See , believes he seen , amid cloudlets shining , the mo n .

n as Tears in his eyes , he addressed her with te der love of old

True , then , sorrowful Dido , the messenger fires that told

so u h t est Thy sad death , and the doom thou g of choice by thy hand !

s 9 o w Was it , ala to a grave that I did thee N by the bright

Stars, by the Gods , and the faith that abides in realms of the Night ,

’

w s . T a unwillingly , lady , I bade farewell to thy land

s — Yet , the behest of Immortal , the same which bids me to go

w the s Through these shado s , wilderness mire and the darkne s below ,

s n o r ss w to Drove me imperiou thence , po essed I po er believe

I at departing had left thee in grief thus bitter to grieve .

y n o t w T arr , and turn away from a face that on thine ould dwell

! T flie st is is thy lover thou , and this our last farew ell

w w w as sh e S o , ith a burning heart and ith glo ering eyes went ,

s s ' Melting vainly in tear , he es ayed her wrath to relent v 6 — 1 TH E [ /1) 2 1. 4 9 4 9 ENE 85

s She with averted gaze upon earth her countenance ca t ,

’ t s s Nothing ouched in her look by her lover s word to the la t ,

M r su as a es s . Set a marble rock of p , cold as a stone

sh e to After a little fled , in the forest hurried hide ,

a Ever his foe Sych eus , her first lord , there at her side ,

s w w . An wers sorrow ith sorro , and love not less than her own

Thence on the path appointed they go , and the uttermost plain

s s Reach ere long , where re t in eclusion the glorious slain .

s Parth en o mu s Tydeus here he discern , here p of old

o f an d Famous in arms , and the ghost Adrastus , pallid cold .

W lo w ailed in the world of the sunlight long , laid in the fray ,

’ A hi Here dwell Ilion s chiefs . s s eyes on the gallant array

. s see Lighted , he groaned Three ons of Antenor yonder they ,

s s Glaucus and Medon and young Ther ilochu , brethren three

Po l h mt es s his s Here yp , ervant of Heaven from earlie t breath

a s There Id eus , the shield and the reins till holding in death .

Thickly about him gather the spectral children o f Troy

’ Tis s not enough to have een him , to linger round him is j oy ,

hi s w h s to . Pace at side , and inquire y thu he descends the dead

’ e s s But the Acha an chief , Agamemnon s legion arrayed ,

h ere s When on the they looked , and his armour gleaming in hade ,

w fled Shook ith an infinite terror , and some turned from him and , 2 86 TH E E - NEID VI . 4 9 2 5 1 1

As to the Danaan vessels in days gone by they had sped .

Some on the air raise thinnest of voices the shout of the fray

- Seems , upon lips wide parted , begun , then passing away .

Noble Deiphobus here he beholds , all mangled and marred ,

So n -his s of the royal Priam vi age cruelly scarred ,

Visage and hands from his ravaged temples bloodily shorn

' his his s w ith w oun d s E ach of ears , and no trils inglorious torn .

w s s k to Hardly he kne him in ooth , for he trembled , ee ing hide

These great wrongs but at last in a voice most loving he cried

Gallant Deiphobus , born of the Teucrian lineage bright ,

Who had the heart to revenge him in this dire fashion and dread 9

’ s 9 s Who dared thus to abu e thee On Troy s la t funeral night ,

i Weary of endless slaughter and Danaan blood , it was sa d

Thou hadst laid thee to die on a heap of the nameless dead .

’ Yea and a vacant mound upon far Rh oetaeu m s coast

I there built thee , and thrice bade loud farewell to thy ghost .

‘ Hallow ed the spot by thin e armour and name . E re cros sing the w ave

n or Never , friend , could I find thee , give thee an Ilian grave .

w as 0 Nothing left undone , friend he replies ; thou hast paid

w as his All that Deiphobus claims , all debt that due to shade .

’ T was my destiny sad , and the crime accursed of the Greek

— E N D VI. TH E . E/ 5 3 5 5 5 5

w s Morn already ith ro eate steeds , while talk they exchange ,

o N w in her j ourney has traversed the half of the heavenly range ,

And peradventure thus the allotted time had been passed ,

Had not the faithful Sibyl rebuked him briefly at last .

w ZEn eas . s . Night dra s nigh , In tears we are spending the hour

T is i . Here is the place where the path d vided his to the right ,

Dis— E — Under the w alls of the terrible to lysium ours .

i Yonder , the left , brings doom to the guilty , and drives them in fl ght

Do w n to the sinful region where awful Tartarus lower s .

r w Terrible p iestess , fro n not , Deiphobus cries ; I depart ,

oin . o u r . J shadowy legion , restore me to darkness anon

Go o f s , thou j oy the race may the Fates vouch afe thee a part

w as Brighter than mine And behold , as he uttered the word , he

ZEn e as s s Turning his eyes , ee broad battlements placed

f his s Under the cli fs on left , by a triple rampart enca ed ;

o f w Round them in torrents ambient fire runs Phlegethon s ift ,

i f o . R ver Hell , and the thundering rocks sends ever adrift

One huge portal in front upon pillars of adamant stand s ;

’ s o w n w s Neither can mortal might , nor the heaven arrior band ,

w Rend it asunder . An iron to er rears over the door ,

Where Tisiphone seated in garments dripping with gore - TH E z E N E /D v 1 . 5 56 5 76 2 89

Watches the porch , unsleeping , by day and by night evermore .

s o f ss Hence come groans on the breezes , the ound a pitile flail ,

B attle n o f of iron bands , and the clanki g fetters that trail .

s . Silent the hero stands , and in terror rivets his eye

9 s What dire shapes of impiety these Speak , priestess he crie .

9 What dread torment racks them , and what shrieks yonder arise

o f s She in return Great chief the Teucrian host , as is meet

f s Over the threshold o sinners may pas no innocent feet .

’ w h o se t t o Av ern ian Hecate s self, me rule the glade ,

’ Taught me of Heaven s great torments , and all their terrors displayed .

n o w s Here reigns dread Rhadamanthus , a king mercy that kno ,

to d Chastens and j udges the guilty , compels each soul isclose

o f Crimes the upper air that he kept concealed from the eye ,

dl n Proud of his i e cu ning , till Death brought punishment nigh .

Straightway then the Avenger Tisiphone over them stands ,

ne Scourges the trembling sin rs , her fierce lash arming her hand s

l s Holds in her eft uplifted her erpents grim , and from far

Summons the awful troop o f her sisters gathered fo r war

Then at the last w ith a grating of hideous hinges unclos e

’ s w Hell s infernal doors . Do t see what arders are those

Crouched in the porch ? What presence is yonder keeping the gate 9

w fe e fi ercer in Kno that a Hydra beyond it , a still hate , — 8 2 90 TH E E NEID V I . 5 7 7 5 9

Lurks with a thousand ravening throats . See Tartarus great

Yawning to utter abysses , and deepening into the night ,

T wice as profound as the space of the starry Olympian height .

H ’ ere the enormous Titans , the E arth s old progeny , hurled

w . Lo by the lightning , are under the bottomless waters whirled

Here I beheld thy children , Aloeus , giants of might ,

to r Brethren bold who endeavoured pluck down heaven f om its height ,

e Fain to displace gr at Jove from his throne in the kingdom of light .

Salm on eu s to o Saw , overtaken with agony dire

’ n While the Olympian thunder he mimicked and Jove s o w fire .

e - o t Born on his four h rsed chariot , and waving torches tha glowed ,

Over the Danaan land , through the city of E lis , he rode ,

d u e to . Marching in triumph , and claiming the honours a god

Madman , thinking with trumpets and tramp of the steeds that he drove

s He might rival the storm , and the matchless thunders of Jove

Bu t the omnipotent Father a bolt from his cloudy aby ss

—n o Launched brand from the pine , no smoke of the torchlight this

A t its nd wi h an awful whirlwind blast hurled Pride to fall .

it o s T y also , the nurseling of E arth , great mother of all ,

see w Here was to , hose body a long league covers of plain

s e One huge vulture , tanding with hook d beak at his side ,

i n o t his w Shears his liver that d es , bo el fruitful of pain ,

2 2 z E V 1 — 9 TH E /VE ID I. 6 7 6 37

s th e an d Theseu Sits , unblest , will ever seated remain

. Phlegyas here in his torments a warning voice t o mankind

’ Raises , loudly proclaiming throughout Hell s gloomy abodes

to to Learn hereby be j ust , and think no scorn of the Gods

’ is his o n w ho s This the sinner c u try old , forged tyranny s chain ,

s n . Made for a bribe her law , for a bribe unmade them agai

Y u i t o wretch dared on a daughter w th eyes unholy o look .

’ o f s All some infamy ventured , infamy gains partook .

Had I a thousand tongues , and a thousand lips , and a speech

’ s of r Fa hioned steel , sin s va ying types I hardly could teach ,

Could not read thee the roll of the torments suffered of each

as Soon the aged seer of Apollo her story had done ,

w sh e s ss . For ard , crie , on the path , and complete thy mi ion begun

s s Ha ten the march I behold in the distance battlement great ,

’ i s Bu lt by the Cyclop forge , and the vaulted dome at the gate

i s Where the divine revelation orda ns our gift to be laid .

i di s i d Side by Side at her b d ng they traver e the reg on of sha e ,

i s n ow w . Over the di tance hasten , and dra n gh to the doors

E s s sh w Fronting the gates nea tands , fre ater he pours

h his s on n as s e d . Over limb , and the branch the portal ha gs ba e

ss d ss After the rite is completed , the gift to the godde ad re ed . ) v 1 6 8 6 TH E . N /D o . t C 3 5 9 E E \ b

Now at the last they come to the realms w here Joy has her throne

w s s o s S eet green glade in the Fortunate Forest , ab de of the ble st ,

s ss Fields in an ampler ether , a light more gloriou dre ed ,

w o w n sun w n Lit evermore ith their bright stars and a of their o .

- Some are training their limbs on the wrestling green , and compete

w w Gaily in sport on the yello arenas , some ith their feet

n s Treadi g their choral measures , or inging the hymns of the god

s s While their Thracian priest , in a acred robe that trail ,

w w s s s s Chants them the air ith the seven s eet note of his mu ical cale ,

o w w n n ow w his N ith his fingers striki g , and ith ivory rod .

i Here are the ancient children of Teucer , fa r to behold ,

o f Generous heroes , born in the happier summers old ,

Il u s o f , Assaracus by him , and Dardan , founder Troy .

Far in the di stance yonder are visible armour and car

Unsubstantial , in earth their lances are planted , and far

w Over the meado s are ranging the chargers freed from employ .

i w All the del ght they took when alive in the chariot and s ord ,

w as All of the loving care that to shining coursers paid ,

’ w s n ow w s s Follo them that in quiet belo E arth brea t they are laid .

s w Banqueting here he behold them to right and to left on the s ard ,

ec s w s s Chanting in chorus the P an , beneath eet fore t of bay ,

w i w s Whence , amid ld ood covers , the river E ridanu , poured ,

hi Rolls s maj e stic torrent s to upper earth and the day . 2 TH E E N E /7 ? — 0 94 V I. 660 68

Chiefs for the land of their sires in the battle wounded of yore ,

Priests whose purity lasted until sweet life was no more ,

o s w ho e Faithful pr phet spak as beseemed their god and his shrine ,

All who by arts invented to life have added a grace ,

e All whos services earned the remembrance deep of the race ,

- Round their shadowy foreheads the snow white garland entwine .

om Then , as about them the phant s stream , breaks silence the seer ,

s ae — Turning fir t to Mus us , for round him the shadows appear

Thickest to crowd , as he towers with his shoulders over the throng “ of Tell me , ye j oyous spirits , and thou , bright master song ,

Where is the home and the haunt of the great Anchises , for whom

u s Hither we come , and have traversed the awf l river of gloom 9

Briefly in turn makes answer the hero None has a home

In fixed haunts . We inhabit the dark thick glades , on the brink

- w r E ver of moss banked rivers , and water meado s that d ink

i m . to L v g streams But if onward your heart thus wills ye go ,

et e . Climb this ridge . I will s y in pathways easy to know

Forward he marches , leading the way ; from the heights at the end

Shows them a shining plain , and the mountain slopes they descend .

There withdrawn to a valley of green in a fo ld o f the plain

St od h his i o Anc ises the father , eyes ntent on a train

TH AEN E ) 0 1 —2 0 2 96 E H VI . 7 7

T hrice clasped vainly , the phantom eluded his hands in flight ,

as Thin the idle breezes , and like some dream of the night .

There E neas beholds in a valley withdrawn from the rest

-off Far glades , and a forest of boughs that sing in the breeze ;

st Near them the Lethe river that glides by abodes of the N e .

s Round it numberless races and peoples floating he see .

So on the flowery meadows in calm , clear , summer , the bees

- o Settle on bright hued bl ssoms , or stream in companies round

Fair white lilies , till every plain seems ringing with sound .

ZEn eas Strange to the scene , with terror suddenly pale ,

s it s n w A ks of mea ing , and hat be the streams in the distant

Who those warrior crowds that about yon river await .

An swer returns An chi ses The Spirits promised by Fate

’ Life in the body again . Upon Lethe s watery brink

These of the fountain of rest and of long oblivion drink .

to n E ver I yearn to relate thee the tale , display thi e eyes ,

Count thee over the children that from my loins shall arise ,

’ ” So that our j oy may be deeper on finding Italy s skies .

O my father and are there , and must we believe it , he said ,

Spirits that fly once more to the sunlight back from the dead 9 ’ 2 1 — TH E i N E /D VI . 7 739 2 9 7

Soul s that anew to the body return and the fetters of clay 9

Can there be any w h o long for the light thus blindly as they 9

s Listen , and I will resolve thee the doubt , Anchi es replies .

Then unfolds him in order the tale of the earth and the s kies .

n sk s In the begi ning , the earth , and the y , and the space of night ,

sun Also the shining moon , and the Titanic and bright

w s Feed on an in ard life , and with all thing mingled , a mind

’

w is . Moves universal matter , ith Nature s frame combined

’ s Thence man s race , and the beast , and the bird that on pinions flie .

w n All ild shapes that are hidden the gleami g waters beneath .

h as s E ach elemental seed a fiery force from the kies ,

it s di E ach , heavenly being , that no dull clay can sguise ,

f ’ i o to . Bodies earth ne er deaden , nor l mbs long destined death

w Si Hence , their fears and desires ; their sorro s and j oys for their g ,

w . Blind ith the gloom of a prison , discerns not the heavenly light

sad Nor when at last life leaves them , do all ills , that belong

i Unto the s nful body , depart still many survive

t Lingering within them , alas for it needs must be tha the long

w Gro th should in w ondrous fashion at full completion arrive .

s So , due vengeance racks them , for deed of an earlier day 2 8 TH E N E / v . 9 . E D i 740 7 5 9

ff Su ering penance , and some to the winds hang viewless and thin

Searched by the breezes from others , the deep infection of sin

Swirling water washes , or bright fire purges , away .

E ach in his o w n sad ghost we endure then pass to the wide

Realms of Elysium . Few in the fields of the happy abide ,

w Till great Time , hen the cycles have run their courses on high ,

. s Take the inbred pollution , and leaves to us only the bright

’

o w n sk . Sense of the heaven s ether , and fire from the springs of the y

When for a thousand years they have rolled their wheels through the

Go d t o the Lethe river recalls this myriad train ,

w That ith remembrance lost once more they may visit the light ,

” And , at the last , have desire for a life in the body again .

son When he had ended , his and the Sibyl maiden he drew

Into the vast assembly—the crowd with its endless hum

on V There a hillock plants them , that hence they better may iew

i . All the procession advanc ng , and learn their looks as they come

t What bright fame hereaf er the Troj an line shall adorn ,

What far children be theirs , from the blood of Italians born ,

Splendid souls , that inherit the name and the glory of Troy ,

s . Now will I tell thee , and teach thee the fates thy race hall enj oy

— 00 TH E 2 3 ENEID VI . 784 80 5

Blest in her warrior brood So crow ned with towers ye have s een

’ B erec n thian Ride through Phrygia s cities the great y queen ,

Proud of the gods her children , a hundred sons at her knee ,

i All of them m ghty immortals , and lords of a heavenly fee

s Turn thy glance now hither , behold this gloriou clan ,

f . ae o Romans of thine See C sar , and each generation man

’ Yet to be born of Iulu s beneath heaven s infinite dome .

h ere s w Yonder behold thy , the promi ed prince , upon hom

s a Often thy hopes have dwelt , Augu tus C esar , by birth

w h o o Kin to the godlike dead , a golden age up n earth

’ w Comes to rene where once o er Latium Saturn reigned ,

’ Holding remote Garaman tes and India s tribe s enchained .

o Far bey nd all our planets the land lies , far beyond high

’ o w n t w Heaven , and the sun s orbi , here Atlas , lifting the Sky ,

S w its Whirls on his Shoulders the phere , in rought with fiery suns

lo Cas ia s Ere his arrival , through shivering p run

’ M ian sw s . aeot Fear , at her oracle s an er The vast plain ,

Sevenfold Nile and his mouths , are fluttered and tremble again

Ranges of earth more wide than Alcides ever surveyed ,

’ E r m an th s Though he pursued deer brazen of limb , tamed y glade ,

o r Vin e o d w Lerna w ith arrows scared , the g , hen from the war

w his Home ard with ivied reins he conducts conquering car ,

’ Driving his team of tigers from Nysa s summit s afar . 806—82 6 TH E z E N E /D v 1.

Art thou loth any longer w ith deeds o u r Sw ay to expand 9

’ Can it be fear forbids thee to hold An sonia s lan d 9

w w his w Who comes yonder the hile ith the olive branch on bro ,

s 9 w o u ss s w Bearing the sacred ves els I kno y tre e , I kno

’ s Yon grey beard , Rome s monarch , the first with law to su tain

’ Rome yet young ; from the lord ship of Cure s little domain

’ his i w h Sent to an empire s throne . At s de goes one o shall break

s w s w Slumberou peace , to the battle her easeful arrior ake ,

i s is s m so Rouse once more her battal on d u ed to the triu ph long ,

s o s s Tullu the king Next , An us the boa tful marche along ,

s See , overj oyed already by prai es breathed from a crowd

Yonder the royal Tarquins are vi sible yonder the proud

’ s Soul of avenging Brutus , with Rome great fasces again

’ ’ o w n w h o s s Made Rome s fir t to her con ul s throne shall attain ,

s his s s s Hold her terrible axe on , the rebelliou pair ,

’ r Doom to a rebel s death fo the sake of Liberty fair .

-s si as s Ill tarred re let the ages relate plea e them the tale ,

hi n d i s Yet Shall s patriot passion a th r t of glory prevail .

Dec ii i Look on the there , and the Drus hatchet in hand

Tor u atu s s n his See q the ter , and Camillus home to land

w i s n s i s w ho s n Marching th re cued ba ners . But yonder pir t ta d

in s a n s n ow Dressed the hining rmour alike , harmo iou — 0 2 TH E . E N ID v i 82 3 E . 7 84 8

While in the w orld of Shadow s w ith dark night over their brow

w w Ah hat battles the twain must age , what legions array ,

’ a dl t o d a What fell c rnage kin e , if e er they reach the y

’ Mon oecu s s Father descending from Alpine snows and height ,

Husband ranging again st him an E astern host fo r the fight

s to s s o f Teach not your heart , my children , learn these les on strife

’ s Turn not a country s valour again t her veriest life .

t o Thou be the first forgive , great child of a heavenly birth

i w s w Fl ng do n , son of my loin , thy weapons and s ord to the earth

’ w h o See , rides from a vanquished Corinth in conqueror s car

i a Home to the Capitol , decked w th Ach ean spoils from the war

a to Argos and proud Mycen e a second comes dethrone ,

A ZEacu s - w of y , and the born , hose race Achilles is sown ,

Venging his Troj an Sires and Minerva ’ s outraged fane

w 9 ss s u w 9 Who ould leave thee , Cato , untold thee , Co u , nkno n

’ ’ s o r Gracchu clan , the Scipio pair , war s thunderbolts twain ,

’ — s in his Libya s ruin forget Fabriciu , prince need

n his t s 9 Pass unsu g Serranus , furrows sowing wi h eed

i to Give me but breath , ye Fab ans , follow Yonder the great

w to . Fabius thou , hose timely delays gave strength the state

Others will mould their bronze s to breathe with a tenderer grace

Draw , I doubt not , from marble a vivid life to the face ,

T E AEN /D 8 — 304 H E VI . 6 7 885

An sw er again Anchises began with a gathering tear

’ Ask n o t 0 so n me , my , of thy children s infinite pain

to Fate one glimpse of the boy the world will grant , and again

To o o n Take him from life . puissant methinks to immortals high

’ s sk Rome s great children had eemed , if a gift like this from the y

Longer had been vouchsafed What w ailing o f w arriors bold

’ Shall from the funeral plain to the War -god s city be rolled !

sad w w o f w o e What pomp thine eyes ill discern , hat pageant ,

- fl o w When by his new made tomb thy waters , Tiber , shall

Never again such hopes shall a youth of thy lineage , Troy

Rouse in his great forefathers of Latium Never a bo y

N obler pride shall inspire in the ancient Romulus land. !

e fo r - fo r his Ah , for his filial l ve his old world faith hand

Matchless in battle Unharmed what foeman had offered to stand

’ w n Forth in his path , hen chargi g on foot for the enemy s ranks ,

’ Or w hen plungin g the spur in his foam -flec ke d cour ser s flanks

’ ’ Child of a nation s sorrow ! if thou canst baffle the Fates

w Bitter decrees , and break for a hile their barrier gates,

to ! n Thine become Marcellus I pray thee , bri g me anon

w w so n Handfuls of lilies , that I bright flo ers may stre on my ,

bo Heap on the shade of the y unborn these gifts at the least ,

sad . Doing the dead , though vainly , the last service

He ceased . 886 - 0 1 TH E { / VI. 9 ENE D 30 5

So from region to region they roam with curious eyes ,

S Traverse the pacious plains where shadowy darkness lies .

son One by one Anchises unfolds each scene to his ,

Kindling his soul with a passion for glories yet to be won .

th e Speaks of wars that await him beneath the Italian skies ,

’ w Rude Laurentian clans and the haughty Latinus alls ,

its . How to avoid each peril , or bear brunt , as befalls

his it Sleep has portals twain ; one fashioned of horn , is said ,

Whence come true apparitions by exit smooth from the dead

S One with the polished splendour of hining ivory bright .

l False are the on y visions that issue thence from the night .

Thither Anchises leads them , exchanging talk by the way ,

n There speeds Sibyl and so by the ivory gate to the day .

his E Straight to vessels and mates neas j ourneyed , and bore

’ Thence for Caieta s harbour along the Italian shore .

PRIN TED BY - SPOTT SWOODE A N D CO . N EW STREET I , SQUARE LON DON