ARTIS International Symposium
105 Jonghap Hall
Ajou University
Suwon, South Korea
12–14 January 2017
Ajou Center for Translation and Interpreting Studies (ACTIS)
Advancing Research in Translation and Intercultural Studies (ARTIS)
1
2
ARTIS@Ajou2017
Translation and Knowledge: From Knowledge Production to Collective Intelligence on the Web
Book of Abstracts
105 JONGHAP HALL
Ajou University
Suwon, South Korea
12-14 January 2017
3
ARTIS@AJOU2017
Contact [email protected]
4
Program
5
ARTIS International Symposium
Translation and Knowledge: From Knowledge Production to Collective Intelligence on the Web
12-14 January 2017 105 Jonghap Hall, Ajou University, South Korea Ajou Center for Translation and Interpreting Studies (ACTIS)
Program 12 January Day one 9:00-9:30 Registration and coffee 9:30-9:45 Opening session Chair: Ji-Hae Kang (Ajou University, South Korea)
Welcoming speech Man-Ghyu Pak (Dean, College of Humanities, Ajou University, South Korea) Welcome and introduction Ji-Hae Kang (Director, Ajou Center for Translation and Interpreting Studies, South Korea) 9:45-11:00 Lecture 1 Chair: Sungeun Cho (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea)
Investigating Translation and Knowledge Production at the Digital Crossroads Luis Pérez-González (University of Manchester, UK) 11:00-11:30 Tea and coffee 11:30-13:00 Panel 1 Chair: Won-Jun Nam (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea)
Technology and the Role of Translation in the Knowledge Production and Dissemination, What Next? Silhee Jin (Chung-Ang University, South Korea) Translation within Affective Online Communities: The Doctor Who’s TARDIS Crew as a Case Study Seryun Lee (University of Manchester, UK) Multilingual Collective Intelligence: Wikipedia Translation Jung-wook Hong (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea) 13:00-14:30 Lunch and poster session 14:30-16:00 Panel 2 Chair: Miehyeon Kim (Ajou University, South Korea)
The Transformation of Knowledge between of the East and the West in Translating Zhuangzi Noble Po-kan Lo (City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) How the Imperial Knowledge Gets Disseminated: A Study of Korea Depicted Youngshin Kim (Anyang University, South Korea) Democracy Narrated: Translations in Wolgan Amerika and Shinchǒnji (1949-1950) Yejin Kim (SOAS, University of London, UK) 16:00-16:30 Tea and coffee
6
16:30-17:45 Workshop 1
Fanning the Flame: How to Turn a Research Idea into a Viable Project Karen Bennett (Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal)
13 January Day two 9:00-9:30 Arrival and coffee 9:30-10:45 Lecture 2 Chair: Sung-Hee Kirk (Sookmyung Women’s University, South Korea)
Approaches to the Study of Travelling Ideas: Lessons from Translation Studies, Historiography and the Japanese Case Judy Wakabayashi (Kent State University, USA) 10:45-11:15 Tea and coffee 11:15-12:45 Panel 3 Chair: Kwang-Soon Cho (Ajou University, South Korea)
Reproduction and Reception of the Pre-modern Korean Cultural Concept, Polygamy: Kuunmong in Translation Jinsil Choi (Keimyung University, South Korea) ‘Individualism’ on the move: Redefining ‘individualism’ through translation Yifan Zhu, Kyung Hye Kim (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China) Translated Modernity in East Asia Han-Nae Yu (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea) 12:45-14:15 Lunch and poster session 14:15-15:30 Workshop 2
Writing for and Publishing in International Journals: An Editor’s Perspective Luis Pérez-González (University of Manchester, UK) 15:30-16:00 Tea and coffee 16:00-17:30 Panel 4 Chair: Youngshin Kim (Anyang University, South Korea)
Circulation of knowledge through literary paratexts Esther Torres-Simon (Rovira I Virgili University, Spain) Translating Homosexuality into Korean Soyoung Park (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea) 18:00 - ARTIS official dinner event
14 January Day three 9:00-9:30 Arrival and coffee 9:30-10:45 Lecture 3 Chair: Soon-Mi Kim (Sookmyung Women’s University, South Korea)
Rethinking Translated Knowledge: Investigating the Translation and Reception of ‘Western’ Ideas in Korea Ji-Hae Kang (Ajou University, South Korea) 10:45-11:15 Tea and coffee 11:15-12:45 Panel 5 Chair: Jong-Hwa Won (Chung-Ang University, South Korea)
Woman readers and institutional translation: The case of Chungbuwon Sung Hee Choi (Korea University, South Korea) Why does plain language in legal translation matter? Focusing on English translation of Korean statutes Jeong-JuYoo (Handong Global University, South Korea)
7
How specialized knowledge is translated and transmitted by the media: A case study on the South Korea’s business biweekly DBR Jungmin Hong (Ewha Womans University, South Korea) 12:45-14:00 Lunch (Lunch on wheels) 14:00-15:15 Lecture 4 Chair: Sunkyung Yun (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea)
Updating Epistemicide: Translating Knowledge in the Translingual Paradigm Karen Bennett (Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal) 15:15-15:45 Tea and coffee 15:45-16:45 Panel 6 Chair: Han-Nae Yu (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea)
Manipulating Language to Manipulate Society: Research on the Limits of International Conflict Dissemination Yolanda Moreno (University of Alcalá, Spain) What does the translator’s manuscript tell us?: Translating The Wealth of Nations into late Qing China by Yan Fu Jinyu Liu (Inner Mongolia University, China) 16:45-18:00 Roundtable plenary and closing remarks
Poster session Conceptual and methodological issues in the historical study of translation Hyo-eun Choi (Handong Global University, South Korea) Application of actor-network theory in the localization process: Focusing on different interests of actors Heejoo Ham (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea) How do literary translators position themselves in paratexts? Younjeong Kwak (Ajou University, South Korea) Discourse, translation and social changes: A critical discourse analytical approach to Macao 13:30-14:30 chief executives’ policy addresses 12 January Michelle Lam (University of Macau, Macau)
Position shift of Korean literature in the global literary system and newly emerging calls from 13:15-14:15 Korean readers 13 January Seung-hye Mah (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea) Post-colonial translation: Standardization or "purification" of terminology Hyunju Park (Ewha Womans University, South Korea) It takes two to tango: From knowledge production to knowledge ownership Hayne Shin (Handong Global University, South Korea) Study on factors affecting preteen audiences’ perceptual reading of translated Korean subtitles Euna Kim (Pusan National University, South Korea)
8
Abstracts
9
Lecture 1
Investigating Translation and Knowledge Production at the Digital Crossroads
Luis Pérez-González University of Manchester
The growing visibility of Translation Studies at the nexus of various pathways of research in the humanities has foregrounded the role that translation has played and continues to play in the (re)production, transformation and circulation of knowledge in its various forms and expressions. The rich body of literature on this topic that has emerged so far has focused on the study of hegemonic, patronage-driven translation initiatives contributing to the circulation of written texts between homogeneous national communities – each of them constrained by essentialist categories of identity politics. But the advent of the digital culture has brought about a re-politicisation of translation, as participatory networks of translation formed by ordinary citizens are reinvigorating the dialectic between hegemony and contestation in various ways. Unlike their patronage-driven counterparts, these self- organising agencies of translation seek to refract and tamper with the translation flows initiated by institutional or corporate structures – effectively creating new spaces for resistance and dissent. Of note is also the fact that these sites of translation – configured as virtual communities of geographically dispersed, like-minded individuals–involve the engagement of ordinary people in complex negotiations of cultural identity and citizenship, both through written and audiovisual texts. This session starts from the premise that Translation Studies is currently ill-equipped to investigate the intervention of these non- professional movements of translation in contemporary flows of knowledge. It then moves on to present and critique a range of concepts developed at the interface between political theory, cultural studies and media sociology that can yield interesting insights into the role of translation in post-industrial, knowledge societies. In the second part of this session, examples will be offered to demonstrate some of the ways in which the disciplinary discourses of Translation Studies can be extended to better account for the growing importance of agency over structure and the interplay between expert discourses and ordinary voices that underpin the new function of translation in public life.
10
Lecture 2
Approaches to the study of travelling ideas: Lessons from translation studies, historiography and the Japanese case
Judy Wakabayashi Kent State University
This paper explores some theoretical issues, methodological approaches, and questions to pursue in studying the transmission, circulation, and transformation of academic thought when introduced into a new discursive context through translation. Examining how knowledge and ideas undergo varying degrees of transmutation across temporal, geographic, linguistic, cultural and epistemic borders evokes not only the trope of loss so often associated with translation (including to the detriment—even ‘epistemicide’ [Bennett 2007]—of local concepts), but also the possibilities of gain through metamorphosis. Specifically, the paper focuses on the dislocation and reception of “Western” knowledge and ideas in Japan during the pursuit of modernization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
In the examining these knowledge/translation flows, the paper draws on diverse disciplinary strands – predominantly Translation Studies and historiography, but also related fields such as intellectual history (particularly the history of ideas), the history of science and technology, book history, sociology, cultural studies, transfer studies and reception theory. It uses a case study of the importation of European and American knowledge and ideas into Japan from the late nineteenth century as a trigger prompting a series of questions that are of potential relevance to the examination of processes of knowledge transfer and conceptual reconfiguration in other parts of East Asia at that time— and perhaps also to other places and times, including the present.
11
Lecture 3
Rethinking Translated Knowledge: Investigating the Translation and Reception of ‘Western’ Ideas in Korea
Ji-Hae Kang Ajou University
Scholarly interest in how theories and concepts travel across cultural borders has yielded a number of interesting research findings related to the origins of theories, historical processes of their travel, and later interpretations. For East Asian societies, imported 'Western' theories and ideas have played a critical role in establishing higher education and building scholarship since the late nineteenth century. The 'translatedness' of academic knowledge has been regarded in complicated ways by the local intellectuals/academics in the region up to the present time. In the case of Korea, discourses on 'translated knowledge' have ranged from 'superior,' 'valorizing’ and 'suspicious' to 'dangerous,' 'deficient,' and 'self- referring.' More recently, the reflexive 'turn to practice' and the possibility of multipolarization in the academic world are pushing key sectors of Korean academia to reconsider translation and rethink its role in the generation, transmission, and circulation of academic knowledge.
Against this background, this session considers theoretical and methodological issues related to the study of the translation and reception of academic knowledge. It starts with a discussion of concepts from different disciplinary fields—principally translation studies, linguistics, and sociology, but also related areas such as historiography and cultural studies that can contribute to the investigation of how knowledge is transformed and recontextualized in the process of travelling across temporal, spatial, and discursive boundaries. In the second part of the session, examples will be offered from the Korean context to show some of the ways in previous discussions of ‘translated knowledge’ may benefit from insights offered by translation studies.
12
Lecture 4
Updating Epistemicide: Translating Knowledge in the Translingual Paradigm
Karen Bennett Universidade Nova de Lisboa
The term ‘epistemicide’ was first coined by the Portuguese sociologist, Boaventura de Sousa Santos (1996, 2001) to refer to the systematic eradication of Third World knowledges by western science. It was later applied to translation by Bennett (2007, 2013, 2015) in order to describe the way that academic texts produced in non-Anglophone cultures often have to be so radically rewritten for publication in international journals that their epistemological infrastructure is effectively destroyed. The long-term consequences of this process included, it was argued, a drift towards an epistemological monoculture, as scholarly discourses in other languages assimilated to the dominant one through a process of calquing.
This argument was developed at a time when the hegemony of English appeared unassailable in the world of academic publishing and beyond. Various models had been developed to account for it(e.g. International English, World Englishes, English as a Lingua Franca etc), all of which assumed a balance of power tilted inevitably in favour of native English speakers. Amongst other things, it was generally believed that the influence was unidirectional, flowing from the centre to the periphery and thereby reducing the non- native speaker to subaltern status.
In recent years, however, there has been a spate of publications (e.g. Canagarajah 2013, Pennycook 2007, etc) suggesting that the situation is by no means so simple, and that in many domains, non-native-speakers of English (‘multilingual scholars’ as they are now known) are a great deal more empowered than was previously believed. Not only this, the English language is itself being changed through contact with other languages, developing forms of hybridity or métissage that allow local identities to be expressed while at the same time enabling those speakers to participate in global conversations. This translingual paradigm has also profoundly challenged dominant concepts of translation, in that the traditional binaries between mother tongue/foreign language, original/translation, author/translator etc no longer seem to hold in many different spheres.
This paper focuses on how knowledge is being generated and disseminated within the translingual paradigm and its implications for Translation Studies. Considering the prevalence, in this domain, of second-language writing, self-translation and paratranslational activities (like language revision and editing), it suggests that a much
13 broader concept of translation might now be in order, perhaps something akin to the idea of translatio (L) that prevailed in the Medieval and Early Modern periods before the development of the modern nation state. That is to say, in a world where English is being constantly re-forged to serve new purposes in specific communicative situations, what are the implications for the training of academic translators and junior researchers?
References
Bennett, K. 2007. “Epistemicide! The Tale of a Predatory Discourse”. Translation and Ideology: Encounters and Clashes. Eds. Sonia Cunico and Jeremy Munday. Special edition of The Translator. 13/ 2:151-169.
---- 2013. ‘English as a lingua franca in academia: combating epistemicide through translator training’, Stefania Taviano (ed.) English as a Lingua Franca: Implications for Translator and Interpreter Education, special issue of The Interpreter and Translator Trainer7(2). 169-193.
---- 2015. ‘Towards an epistemological monoculture: mechanisms of epistemicide in European research publication’. In English as an Academic and Research Language, Ramón PloAlastrué and Carmen Pérez-Llantada (eds), English in Europe Vol. 2, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. 9-35
Canagarajah, Suresh. 2013. Translingual Practice: Global Englishes and Cosmopolitan Relations. London & New York: Routledge.
Pennycook, Alastair. 2007. Global Englishes and Transcultural Flows. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
Sousa Santos, B.1996. “The fall the Angelus Novus: beyond the modern game of root s and options”. Working paper series on Political Economy of Legal Change, 3. University of Wisconsin-Madison. ------2001. “Towards an epistemology of blindness: Why the new forms of ‘ceremonia l adequacy’ neither regulate nor emancipate”. European Journal of Social Theory 43: 251-279.
14
Panel 1
Technology and the Role of Translation in Knowledge Production and Dissemination, What Next?
Silhee Jin Chung-Ang University
The presentation will shed light on the inseparable link between technology, media, translation, and knowledge sharing over time, including the past, present and the future. The first part of the presentation will give a chronological outline of technology and its ‘disruptive role’ in shaping the norms of society to date, zooming in on the post-WWII period when Information and Telecommunication technologies have merged to give birth to Information Communication Technologies. The role of translation in dissemination of knowledge will be discussed within the larger framework of the technological evolution of the human civilization, especially the role of new technological enablers such as the World Wide Web and new forms of media characterizing the generations of Web 1.0 and beyond. The Second part of the presentation will cover the role of translation in today’s world, highlighting the role of current day technology and its subsequent influence on social transformation that has given birth to MOOC among various forms of knowledge dissemination in which translators including amateur translators take part. Here, different MOOC platforms and the translational activities therein will be explored in some detail. The third part of the presentation will attempt to draw an outlook of the changing role of translation in knowledge production and dissemination based on the future outlook of technological advancement.
15
Panel 1
Translation within Affective Online Communities: The Doctor Who’s TARDIS Crew as a Case Study
Seryun Lee University of Manchester
In today’s globalised informational societies, technological developments have brought about important changes in the way digital texts are produced, consumed and circulated. Against this background, ordinary people have been empowered to participate in such processes to pursue various agendas. This is evident in translations performed by and/or disseminated within online fandom participatory environments. Members of fandom communities actively contribute to generating new media content flows. Through processes of appropriation, remediation and recirculation (Deuze 2006), they enable the transnational consumption of digital content by new audiences. Within these communities, translation becomes a central part of the prosumption (Denison 2011) processes whereby fans collectively pursue their shared interests. This study explores news translations within the TARDIS Crew, the biggest Korean online fan forum for the BBC Doctor Who series. It focuses on spontaneously translated news about this drama series (e.g. developments in production, personal lives of featured actors/actresses) originally published by the British media and posted on the TARDIS Crew forum. This presentation discusses the role that fans’ translations of news articles play within the playful context of this online fandom community. To that effect, it draws on the concept of ‘affective labour’, a way of defining immaterial work that galvanises communities of affinity around objects of fandom (Hardt 1999). Specifically, it examines fan translators’ motivations and practices as well as the engagement of fellow fans (readers) with the translation, as shown in their forum comments. It is argued that the translator and recipients’ mutually affective commitment permeates the processes of information and knowledge production, as illustrated by the news translations. Further, this presentation suggests that to understand translation-mediated processes in the digital culture, translation scholars should go beyond the texts themselves and examine the impact of various contextual elements, such as translation dissemination platforms and forms of translator–recipient interaction.
16
Panel 1
Multilingual Collective Intelligence: Wikipedia Translation.
Jung-wook Hong Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
Wikipedia, characterized as a free peer-produced encyclopedia, has been considered as a typical example of collective intelligence in the era of digital turn. In particular, dedicating to a place of knowledge exchange with providing free access to the sum of all human knowledge, it transferred the tradition of knowledge exchange into the new, digital age. (Keller, 2011) Since launched only in English language on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia has achieved amazingly surprising development with more than 5 million articles in 295 different languages. Despite some concerns regarding its characteristics of anonymity, accuracy of content, and quality of writing, Wikipedia has led to the death of printed versions of encyclopedia, such as Encyclopedia Britannica, which has caused criticisms for possibly leading to professional content producers’ disappearance. However, still developing and extending its knowledge producing and reproducing technologies and contents, it becomes one of the greatest knowledge repository. Its efforts focusing on localization and internationalization of knowledge dissemination have provided the volunteer editors of Wikipedia with Content Translation tool. The tool, provided by Wiki Media Foundation Language team, aims at making translation of Wikipedia articles easier and better for its volunteer editors particularly available with two or more languages. Based on Wikipedia’s efforts on cross-lingual collective intelligence, the paper discusses potential contribution for knowledge dissemination and transfer by multilingual collective intelligence, demonstrating the way of translating articles in Wikipedia. The discussion includes not only some good issues regarding its contribution for knowledge dissemination and reproduction in terms of multilingual collective intelligence but also some worrisome issues like bias regarding ideology and hegemonic dominance of knowledge and languages.
Reference
Keller, J. (2011) ‘Is Wikipedia a World Cultural Repository?’. The Atlantic. http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/05/is-wikipedia-a-world-cultural- repository/239274/
17
Panel 2
The Transformation of Knowledge between of the East and the West in Translating Zhuangzi
Noble Po-kan Lo City University of Hong Kong
In Truth and Method, Hans-Georg Gadamer points out that “[i]n the process of understanding, a real fusing of horizon occurs — which meaning that as historical horizon is projected, it is simultaneously superseded. To bring about this fusion in a regulated way is the task of what we called historically effected consciousness” (p. 306). Therefore, in understanding, interpretation is the fusion of horizons affected by history. Through exploring the hermeneutic circle, Hans-Georg Gadamer reveals the process of interpreting and translating. Interpretation begins with pre-understanding which is the reader’s expectation to the text, and then to the text itself which is the fusion of the horizons of the past and the present.
It is a circle of “reading-interpreting-rereading-re-interpreting”, with which the text is flexible and ever-changing; with epistemology, interpretation aims at overcoming the subjective prejudice and misunderstanding caused by temporal distance and getting the objective and historical truth, which signifies grasping the original idea of the author or the text, and realizing it by itself. In that case, a better interpretation is faithfully to rebuild the real and true meaning of the original text, whilst ontology emphasizes the historicality of understanding. The notion of historical, cultural, and social conditions renders the production, dissemination, and reception of knowledge. My paper will examine the process of transmitting literary discourses across linguistic and cultural boundaries through hermeneutics, with reference to translation in both English and Chinese of Zhuangzi (莊子), one of the canonical Chinese classics.
18
Panel 2
How The Imperial Knowledge Gets Disseminated : A Study of Korea Depicted in The Seoul Press, English Newspaper Published by the Japanese Colonial Rule
Youngshin Kim Anyang University
The paper aims to study The Seoul Press, an English language newspaper published by the Japanese Regency General during the Japanese rule of Korea in the early 20th century. The Japanese Regency General was attempting “the civilization mission” in Korea, which was to be accomplished, in part, by the establishment of the English newspaper, The Seoul Press. The ultimate goal of The Seoul Press was to rationalize and promote the Japanese imperial rule of Korea towards the international readers. In spite of its huge impact on the international readership, the study of The Seoul Press in Korea has been virtually non- existent, as The Seoul Press was viewed as a Japanese governmental organ, thus brushed off by Korean scholars.
Against this backdrop, this study aims to emphasize the importance of academic interest in The Seoul Press, since the newspaper reveals the imperial eyes adopted by Japan towards Korea and Koreans. More specifically, the study analyses the way how Korea was portrayed by Japan and how the “Japanese knowledge” of Korea was produced and disseminated throughout the international society.
References Bang, M. and Shin, S. 2010. Using corpus linguistics in the study of media language: a case study of the use of democracy as binomials in US and South Korean newspaper corpora. Sociolinguistics 18(1), 77-103. Denny, S. 2010. The Tapestry of Colonial Communication; Colonizing Discourse in the Seoul Press. Degree of Master, University of Toronto. Pratt, M. 1992. Imperial Eyes. Travel Writing and Trasculturation. London/New York: Routledge. Robinson, D. 1997. Translation and Empire: Postcolonial Theories Explained. St. Rome.
19
Panel 2
Democracy Narrated: Translations in Wolgan Amerika and Shinchunji (1949-1950)
Yejin Kim SOAS, University of London
This paper aims to examine how and why two Korean magazines, Shinchunji and Wolgan Amerika, tried to disseminate a political concept “democracy” through translations and how the strategies mirrored the narratives of the publishing governments, Korea and U.S., based on Baker’s narrative approach.
As a magazine nationalised by the Korean government in mid-1949, the most important aim of Shinchunji was to explain democracy in support of the newborn “democratic” government. Many translations in the magazine were used to contrast democracy with communism and to emphasise its superiority. This magazine focused more on specific features of democracy as an antithesis of communism rather than expounding the core concepts of democracy. This translation policy clearly reflected the narratives the government desired to promote to consolidate its regime in the midst of rebellions of Korean leftists and threats from the Soviet Union and North Korea.
Wolgan Amerika, published when the withdrawal of the U.S. Military Forces in Korea was in progress, was used to consolidate the “democratic bloc” and the U.S. influence in East Asia and Korea. This magazine and its Korean translators served the U.S. Department of State in the sense that they disseminated the “superiority of democracy” narratives not only by translating articles on the American political system but also articles on the advanced American culture, technology and educational systems. Korean translators and U.S. officials might have focused more on disseminating democracy “as the only way to achieve both political improvement and economic prosperity” than as academic concepts to gain the minds and hearts of Koreans.
In conclusion, “democracy” introduced by the two governmental magazines in the crucial period of nation building in South Korea was more like “propaganda” than the pure introduction of political ideas, and it reflected the governmental policies of South Korea.
20
Panel 3
Reproduction and Reception of the Pre-modern Korean Cultural Concept, Polygamy: Kuunmong in Translation
Jinsil Choi Keimyung University
This study investigates how the pre-modern Korean cultural concept, polygamy, a “cultural challenge” (Gale 1922/2003: xi) to both Western and Asian contemporary readers, as represented in Kuunmong, a Korean novel supposedly published in 1689, is reproduced by two English translators with different religious backgrounds and writing in different periods, Reverend James Scarth Gale (1922) and Bishop Richard Rutt (1974), and how the concept is introduced, explained, and received in the target culture. As pointed out by Yu (2009), factors of reception, distribution and publication may be crucially relevant to the choice of contents to include. This study offers a contribution to examining this relevance. The analysis is based on textual and para-textual data including introductions and/or prefaces, and readers’ reviews.
In Gale’s translation, a more favorable attitude towards polygamy has been identified in the book introduction and translation, whilst in Rutt’s, the concept is more critically interpreted and reproduced. I suggest that this difference may be related to the different social atmospheres at the times of writing, readers’ expectations, translators’ individual opinions, and possibly interferences by publishers.
References Yu, Myoung In. 2009. “Kuunmong and the Sinosphere: Focusing on its Title”. In Global Korea: Old and New, ed. by Duk-soo Park, 190-200. Sydney: Korean Studies Association of Australia.
21
Panel 3
‘Individualism’ on the move: redefining ‘individualism’ through translation
Yifan ZHU, Kyung Hye KIM Shanghai Jiao Tong University
As Mannheim (1960: 245) argues, “the same word, or the same concept in most cases, means very different things when used by differently situated persons”. This is particularly true when a new concept or an idea travels to a new receiving culture where it is not established yet, because any word has a variety of connotations and meanings that are altered and added over time. While recent neologisms taking some time to get established in society, the extensive and dynamic meaning negotiation and redefining processes are carried out, resulting in various distinguished, sometimes contradicting, use of a newly coined word; and a word becomes to encapsulate theories and cultures after the dynamic semantic change has been carried out.
As social, political and moral philosophy that stresses the importance of individual dignity, self-reliance, and liberty; individualism is one of the central concepts to understand human behaviour and society, but it also is one of those new concepts introduced to Chinese society in early 1900s. Although the semantic prosodies associated with this item is negative in Chinese contemporary texts, its definition and the prosody it featured in those early days are not static, nor are they clear. Constant changes in the meaning of ‘individualism’ are found in the texts from 1900s to date due to the complex interplay between the linguistic, socio-cultural and ideological factors involved in the defining processes. While the genealogy of ‘individualism’ in the European countries like France, Germany, and the UK, has extensively carried out to date (e.g. Swart 1962; Lukes 1971; Barnes 1995; Claeys 1986; Shanahan 1992), many of these studies failed to look at its use and transformation of its meaning beyond Europe, with the exception of few works such as Hightower (1961) who investigates how individualism is presented in Chinese literature.
As translation not only plays a vital role in knowledge dissemination, but it also is a site where dynamic knowledge negotiation is carried out, this study examines the ways in which ‘individualism’ is redefined, re-established and reconstructed in China through translation during the period between 1910 and 2010 by drawing on a corpus-based methodology. This study ultimately argues that concept and ideas are constantly renegotiated and redefined as they travel from one culture to another, and as they travel through time.
22
Panel 3
Translated modernity in East Asia
Han-Nae YU Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
In the modern era, countries in East Asia such as China, Japan, and Korea were able to gain understanding about the West and establish a new order, which is modernity, through translation. How to translate and distribute new and unfamiliar concept words containing Western philosophies, disciplines, ideologies, and systems was one of the most desperate and urgent tasks for intellectuals at the time, and translation was an important tool and method for the formation of modernity in East Asia. One of the fundamental difficulties in translating concepts or phenomena of the West was that those concepts or phenomena hadn’t existed yet in the East Asian countries. Translators had to translate the words that they hope to establish in reality, not the words that already existed in reality.
Translation of these concepts involved a process of various translations emerged being negotiated and agreed among members of the society until one of those translations settled and widely used in the society. This paper examines how concepts such as “evolution” and “civilization” were translated, circulated, and received in Asian countries, and how it resulted in a new order in Asia. In examining the transmission of ideas through translation, this paper hopes to elucidate the role of translation in creating new forms of consciousness and facilitating social change.
23
Panel 4
Circulation of knowledge through literary paratexts
Esther Torres-Simon Rovira I Virgili University
Within Translation Studies, the study of literary paratexts has been linked to the presentation of national images, the justification of translation decisions, the study of the voice of the translator, or the tracking of indirect translations, among others. However, it has not yet been considered a source for expert discourses.
Paratexts to translated literature can have a formative purpose that makes them a parallel way of cross-cultural circulation of academic thought. The paratext works as “an instrument of adaptation [in...] the continual modification in the ‘presentation’ of the text” (Genette 1997: 408). Sometimes, the adaptation requires informed knowledge on non-literary areas. This research looks at the paratexts (introductions, translator’s notes, and prefaces) of literary works translated from Korean into English between 1950 and 2000 in order to isolate what Korean-related knowledge is presented to the new audience in their attempt to situate the literary work in context.
Formative paratexts can be more common in early stages of a translation flow, when the need to present the text to an audience unfamiliar with the source culture and background is more urgent. In these early stages, the academic profile of the translators might equally encourage the inclusion of informed knowledge in the shape of description of inventions, historical and religious developments or conceptual differences between the source and the target culture.
Reference Genette, Gérard. 1997. Paratexts: thresholds of interpretation. New York: Cambridge University Press.
24
Panel 4
Translating Homosexuality into Korean
Soyoung Park Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
This study focuses on the role of translation in the reception and circulation of discourse concerning homosexuality in Korea. Before the introduction of sexological discourse from Europe via Japan during the 1920s, there was little discourse on homosexuality in the Korean society. The loanword
25
Panel 5
Woman readers and institutional translation: the case of Chungbuwon
Sung Hee Choi Korea University
This study examines Chungbuwon, Korea’s first serial adapted novel written purely in Hangul (Korean-language). The serial novel was published in 1914 for one year in Maeil Sinbo, a media outlet of the Japanese Governor-General of Korea and gained unprecedented popularity. The source text titled Diavola was published in Britain’s The London Journal in 1866. This study explores the shifts in translation of Diavola to Chungbuwon and examines the representation of the female protagonists through Luis von Flotow’s feminist translation theory. In addition, it discusses how Chungbuwon reflected the feminist discourse that emerged in Korean society and how such ideas expanded to newspaper readers in the 1910s.
Chungbuwon was actively influenced by educated female readers who were greatly interested in its translation. Their interest conflicted with the patriarchal colonialism of Maeil Sinbo and the Japanese Governor-General. After the Japanese occupation, the Maeil Sinbo advocated for the subordinate role of woman as a good wife and wise mother, encouraging her to raise loyal subjects of Japanese empire. Meanwhile, the newspaper tried to attract more woman readers in order to increase its sales by publishing Chungbuwon on the front page. At that time, female readers accounted for 30% of contributors to the newspaper and they pushed for the publication of Chungbuwon through the “Reader Contributions” and “Letters to the editor” sections in the Maeil Sinbo. They gradually broke free of patriarchal ideology and asserted the need for gender equality. Against this backdrop, the translator, Lee Sang Hyup, emphasized the subordinate role of women as upheld by the government, while at the same time reflecting the readers’ demand for feminism discourses.
This study uses Luise von Flotow’s three feminist translation strategies to analyze the representation of women in the adaptation process of Chungbuwon: ‘supplement’, ‘prefacing and footnoting’ and ‘hijacking’. Based on the analysis of these translation strategies, this study finds that the representation of the female protagonist in Chungbuwon is very different from that of the protagonist in Diavola, which reflects patriarchal ideas of the ideal woman in 19th century Britain. Chungbuwon was more progressive in nature, resisting the patriarchal ideology advocated by the Maeil Sinbo. This representation of women supports the beliefs of those who participated in Korea’s women liberation movement in the 1910s.
26
Panel 5
Why does Plain Language in Legal Translation Matter? Focusing on English Translation of Korean Statutes
Jeong-Ju Yoo Handong Global University
Over the past few decades, legal English has experienced great challenges due to the Plain Language Movement. This campaign has especially gained momentum in legislative and administrative genres backed by national governments, so that most of the common law countries now have their own version of Plain Legislative Guidelines for application in their laws and regulations. However, these drastic changes in English legislation have rarely been reflected in English translation of Korean statutes. This is because legal translation has traditionally advocated the preservation of the form and style of the ST because of its special character and purpose differentiated from other translation genres. Also, traditional legal and translation scholars have seen legal professionals, not lay persons, as the major recipients of legislative texts, which resulted in the use of legalese as a means of ensuring accuracy and efficiency in legal communication. However, this kind of strong emphasis on preserving the letter of law in legislative translation often disrupts the understanding of target foreign readers not familiar with the unique legal concepts and expressions of Korea and thus causing default in securing the same legal effect intended in the translated legal text. Against this backdrop, this study adopts more reader-oriented approach in legislative translation proposed by the Plain Legislative Guidelines of common law countries. Focusing on the expectancy norm of the target audience and thus lessening of their cognitive processing efforts, this paper conducts a case study by examining the extent to which the translation does not fit into the non-translated convention of the statutory texts based on the concept of textual fit proposed mainly by Biel (2014). For this purpose, the overused lexico- grammatical patterns of English-translated Korean statutes are compared to non-translated English statutes, with special emphasis on statutory expressions salient in the translated statutes. This paper compiles three sub-corpora consisting of English-translated Korean statutes, non-translated US statutes, and non-translated UK statutes for comparison of textual fit by using key word analysis provided by Wmatrix and WordSmith 6.0. The quantitative data produced by this comparable corpus methodology will present the degree of textual fit between the translated and non-translated statutes and thus provide implications for adopting Plain Legislative Guidelines in the lexico-grammatical patterns showing distant textual fit with the non-translated statutes.
Reference Biel, Ł. (2014). Lost in the Eurofog: The Textual Fit of Translated Law. Frankfurt am Main; New York: Peter Lang Edition.
27
Panel 5
How Specialized Knowledge is Translated and Transmitted by Media: A Case Study on South Korea’s Business Biweekly DBR
Jungmin Hong Ewha Womans University
This study aims at investigating how specialized knowledge is translated and transmitted by media organizations which play a crucial role in introducing knowledge to the general public in an attempt to explore the role of translation in creating and disseminating knowledge. The focus of the study is the case of Dong-A Business Review (DBR), bi-weekly business magazine published by South Korea’s third-largest circulated newspaper The Dong-A Ilbo. While many of the magazine’s articles are written by its own journalists and external contributors, an equally large share of them is based on translation of English articles and reports produced by world’s renowned business schools such as Harvard Business School, Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, IMD and INSEAD. Reports published by world’s largest management consultancies including Mckinsey & Company and Boston Consulting Group are also translated. This makes the role of translation in DBR’s news production process much more important than in the nation’s other business publications, and therefore in introducing the latest and key theories and information in business and management discipline to its target readers and shaping their understanding of the knowledge, which supports the validity of this case study as an investigation into translation’s role in creating and disseminating knowledge. In examining DBR’s case, this study seeks to triangulate multiple research methods such as interviews, surveys and textual analysis, and answer the following questions: (1) Why does the magazine translate such articles? (2) Who are involved in the translation process? (3) Which role does each participant play and in which process? (4) How does each participant interact with one another? (5) Do the source texts change in the process of translation and how? (6) Do the process and product of translation affect the production of DBR’s original Korean- language articles and how?
28
Panel 6
Manipulating Language to manipulate Society: Research on the limits of International conflicts dissemination.
Yolanda Moreno University of Alcalá
The limits of language learning in certain countries are preventing the audience to get informed of international conflicts. Media coverage of Middle East conflicts is far from reporting the actual reality in the world. Journalistic practices legitimate aversion to specific societies by using ambiguous terminology and blurry concepts. International news and wrong translations from newspapers stories contribute to the discourse appropriation and creation of erroneous narratives. The main goal of this article is to analyse the misconception of cultural elements related with language and culture through translation in Media discourse. Therefore, a critical approach to discourse analysis will be used to show the articulation and circulation of distorted narratives of others cultures. Due to the short extent of this research, critical discourse analysis will be reducing to the examination of 1) discursive processes involved in narration of conflict, 2) orderliness in the Media discourse, and 3) embedded misconception in discourse
This article will showcase parts of the results of an international doctoral study at University of Alcalá (Madrid) and Université Saint-Joseph (Beirut). It explores the perspectives of 55 interpreter practitioners from Lebanon, UAE, Palestine, Syria, Spain, USA among other different countries, with respect to bridging the linguistic and cultural gap between media and civil population. The data were compiled from 3 different data sources (surveys, interviews and observation). This study focuses on the practitioners' perspective regarding interpreting and translation culture and how this affects the dissemination of the information of International Conflicts.
The article shares the results and engages the audience to learn new interpreting theoretical frameworks related to bridging the cultural gap and how this affects the reception of the public and the interpreter’s role in the provision and prevention of media propaganda of international conflicts.
29
Panel 6
What does the translator’s manual script tell us?: Translating The Wealth of Nations into late Qing China by Yan Fu
Jinyu Liu Inner Mongolia University
The earliest introduction of western economics into China occurred in the late nineteenth century. The aim of this paper is to throw light on the economic thought in the period of “Chinese Enlightenment”, when the leading intellectuals, though disagreeing among themselves on a variety of problems, were agreed in their sincere wish to modernizes their country by uprooting all remnants of feudalism and by enlightening the people. The economic thought dealt with in this paper is one of the main phases of the enlightenment. A milestone was reached in the work Yuanfu, Yan Fu’s translation of Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations during 1896-1902. How smith’s ideas were presented to the Chinese audience is an interesting case study in intellectual diffusion. In particular, the newly discovered 317 manual scripts on the margins of the original text by Yan are an addition to a text with the intention of providing greater clarity for specific interpretive decisions. The paper seeks to reassess Yan’s agenda and position in translating and constructing economic modernity by scrutinizing how manual scripts interacted with the source text, Yuanfu and Anyu, commentaries by Yan in the text of Yuanfu. It also concerns specifically the use of manuscript material to investigate the various stages in the construction of the translation product--translated economic thoughts, comments, even criticism towards Smith. The paper considers the value of this research material which has been drastically underexploited in translation studies to date in investigating the mind-processing and decision-making of the translator and how it might complement and interact with other sources and methodologies.
30
Poster
Conceptual and methodological issues in the historical study of translation
Hyo-eun Choi Handong Global University
This study aims to propose a structure that enables translation scholars to plan and pursue the historical study of translation. Also the author will explore various methodologies that can fit to the structure and to the unique needs of the historical study of translation. Although its importance is rarely disputed, the historical study on translation is one of the most under-researched areas among translation studies. As Gürçaglar(2013: 131) rightly points out, “The present state of our historical knowledge on translation is extremely fragmented,” and the reason for this shortcomings is derived not only from the lack of available data and the diversity of approaches but also from “the very diffuse nature of the concept of translation.” That is why the author starts from defining the concept of translation as an object of historical study. The author then clarifies the three-dimensions of translation on which scholars can construct their historical study of translation, in the manner that both integrates the multi-faceted nature of translation and respects its distinguishable characters as an object for historical study. Then the author moves onto devising feasible methods to study each dimension of translation as a historical object, ranging from bibliography and biography to text analysis and discoursing. The frame and style to write up a result of the historical study of translation also proposed in this study, which can improve the accessibility of the general public toward the academic endeavors that are mostly lingered only within the scholarly dialogue.
31
Poster
Application of Actor-Network Theory in Localization Process: Focusing on Different Interests of Actors
Heejoo Ham Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
This study is an attempt to apply Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory (ANT) into localization process. In previous researches, ANT model had been a theoretical framework to explain translation process, especially when multiple participants take part in the production of translation: literary translation where not only authors and translators, but also publishers and editors play their own roles over the entire translation process, or; audio-visual translation that produces subtitles or dubbing for films where different agents such as producers, editors, program coordinators work together. This study differentiates itself from previous ANT-based studies as it takes the case of localization process that involves translator, reviewer, supervisor and others. In localization process, translation and linguistic validation occurs via a specially designed online tool, namely Trados or other computer-aided translation platforms, thus making this process a valid case for the application of ANT as the theory emphasizes the role of non-human actors as well as human actors. This study first explores how the “network” is established in localization process, paying attention to participating actors’ qualifications and job descriptions. The study, then, describes the operation of the network, focusing on specific role and task assigned to each actor. The description also explains how actors interact with each other when they are in disputes or disagreement. In the end, the study demonstrates that even though these actors work in the same network, their interests are different and they make efforts to maximize their own interests when interacting with other actors.
32
Poster
How Do Literary Translators Position Themselves in Paratexts?
Youn-Jeong Kwak Ajou University
This study examines how the position of the literary translator is revealed in the paratexts. Hermans (2014) points out that translators consciously place themselves in translation and that the discourse they use inevitably positions them. Recently, an increasing number of well-known Korean writers have been participating in literary translation, but how these novelists position themselves in translated texts has not been investigated by translation researchers. In this paper, the paratexts of five translations in a collection of world literature published by Munhakdongne are analyzed. The study argues that the translators express their understandings of the original work as readers and empathize with the original writers as novelists in translators' notes. The paratexts are often spaces for revealing their personal experiences and knowledge about the source text and original author. For literary translators who are also widely known creative writers in the target culture, the translator’s note is a site where their comprehension of the source text is expressed by personal lyricism, introspection, and meditation with literary rhetoric.
33
Poster
Discourse, Translation and Social Changes: A critical discourse analytical approach to Macao Chief Executives’ policy addresses
Michelle Lam University of Macau
Policy addresses are the reports delivered by the chief executives of Macao SAR annually in every November to review the work of the past year and to present the major tasks and plans of the government in the coming year. The policy addresses are the important governmental documents to convey the government’s policies and publicize the government’s work plan set for the SAR, and at the same time, carry important information about social and economic developments. With the Corpus-assisted methodology, this paper applies Fariclough’s three-dimensional conception of critical discourse analysis to the investigation of the policy addresses given by the two chief executives of the four different terms of Macao SAR government in the past 16 years since 1999 (the handover) to observe the dialectical relationship between discourse and social change.
This study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. The original Chinese version and their English translations of the ten policy addresses by the chief executive of the first two terms of Macao SAR government, Mr Edmund Ho Hau Wah, and 7 policy addresses by the chief executive of the third and the fourth terms of Macao SAR government, Mr Fernando Chui Sai On, are collected to create two corpora for the study. The Corpus software, AntConc is used to search the keywords’ frequency and their collocations, as well as the English translations. The study aims at identifying changes in the government plans and achievements in the investigated period and exploring how the policy addresses as a discourse type function in the social changes of Macao SAR through discussing the social factors reflected in the presentations of the keywords and their English translations.
34
Poster
Position Shift of Korean literature in the global literary system and newly emerging calls from Korean readers
Seung-hye Mah Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
This study investigates the process from the position shift of individual writers to shifts in translations, starting from the elements that influence the position shift of writers in the Korean literary polysystem, to newly emerged calls resulted from the position shift, and to ultimate shifts in translation strategies by translators.
The elements that may have an impact on the position shift of an individual writer and his/her works are first, literary awards such as Nobel Prize in Literature or The Man Booker Prizes, second, sales volume of the work after its publication, and third, newly emerged literary models such as feminism.
According to Even-Zohar(2004), “translated works do correlate in the way their source texts are selected by the target literature”(Even-Zohar, 2004: 199), and one of the elements that would influence the selection for translation in Korea is prestigious literary awards. Once the position of a particular writer is elevated, it triggers more interests in the writer among Korean readers. As a result, other works of the writer, which haven’t been spotlighted, are translated and introduced further. For example, most of works of Tony Morrison, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature, have been translated into Korean after she won the prize in 1993.
As the writer and his/her works become more visible, readers develop their urge to have a closer look at the original, which ultimately would lead to shifts in translation strategies. For example, Haruki Murakami’s novel, Norwegian Wood, was translated into Korean as The Era of Loss, a title that might appeal more to Korean readers. Once the sales of the book were skyrocketed and the position of the writer was elevated in the Korean literary system, Korean readers expressed their desire to read a translation that is closer to the original, so the original title, Norwegian Wood, is used in translations afterward.
When a new literary model such as feminism takes hold in the Korean literary system, feminist writers and their books, which were once neglected, started gaining more interests from Korean readers, which results in more translations of relevant books. For example, feminist movement has grown up exponentially since the early 1990s in Korea as it was explained in Jang(2006), “feminism or feminist movement had been regarded as strange or new until the mid-1980s in Korea”(Jang, 2006: 5). One of the representative feminist novels
35 is the Awakening(1899) by Kate Chopin. It has 5 translated versions in Korea and all the translations, except for the first one published in 1981, were published after 1990.
Likewise, the above-mentioned elements have an impact on the position shift of individual writers in the Korean literary system and they are intricately related to translations of the writers’ works. Therefore, the process from the writers’ position shift to shifts in translations are closely investigated in the paper.
36
Poster
Post-colonial Translation: Standardization or "Purification" of Terminology
Hyunju Park Ewha Womans University
In the modern period, Korea mostly accepted knowledge from the West, but the nation regained confidence in its culture thanks to rapid economic growth over the past few decades. In this background, the country is now actively engaged in raising awareness of its own culture and disseminating the uniqueness of Korean culture all around the world. As part of such efforts, the government has taken a range of initiatives to standardize or "purify" related terminologies with a view to disseminating "correct" knowledge about the Korean culture.
This study looks at such state-level initiatives and analyzes translation norms embodied in them. A closer look reveals that "correctness" through "purification" means discarding terminologies with any colonial connotations or encouraging the use of those that can accentuate the uniqueness of the Korean culture. In sum, a post-colonial approach to translation is encouraged.
The initiatives, however, have not been put into practice in the actual translation scene. In general they are not shared with translators who play a crucial role in the circulation of the "correct knowledge." As such, in the standardization or "purification" process the involvement of translators as linguistic and intercultural experts is necessary to enable them to better serve their expected role in knowledge dissemination. Also it would be effective if the results from the standardization efforts could be integrated into an online "translation dictionary" specifically targeted at solving translation problems.
37
Poster
It takes two to tango: From knowledge production to knowledge ownership
Hayne Shin Handong Global University
With the great commission of Jesus Christ to “go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation” (Mark 16:15), Christian faith has been actively disseminated throughout the world from the early church history. Whenever Christianity (or any other religion) crossed borders, interpreters usually played a crucial role in mediating between different languages and cultures. In case of evangelism in China, Korea, and Japan, which share similar cultural background of Confucianism, interesting differences are found in knowledge production process that dates back to 16th century (China and Japan) and 18th – 19th century (Korea).
This poster presentation briefly introduces how the word “God” of Christian faith was differently interpreted into the target languages of Chinese, Korean and Japanese, and influenced their outcome as a result. The presentation also summarizes the user-expectation surveys on Korean churches (Shin 2013) and on Turkish churches (Balci 2016), which validated that sermon interpreters should be believers themselves and advocate of faith, as preaching is done not through interpreters but with interpreters. The interview surveys with some of Korea’s well-known sermon interpreters also confirmed the importance of knowledge ownership and a sense of mission for successful interpreting.
By referring to the famous British-born theologian J. I. Packer who distinguished between knowledge about God and knowledge of God in his book Knowing God (1973), the poster presentation concludes that in case of religious contents, it is important to turn “knowing about God” into “knowing God” for effective dissemination of Christian teachings. Although this view may contradict with the traditional understanding of interpreters as neutral transmitter of knowledge, the study on sermon interpreting can help strengthen and broaden the role of interpreters as active and creative partner in the knowledge production process.
38
Poster
Study on factors affecting preteen audiences’ perceptual reading of translated Korean subtitles
Euna Kim (Pusan National University)
This paper investigates the factors affecting preteen audiences’ perceptual reading of translated Korean subtitles while evaluating readability in terms of lexical difficulty and subtitle length. The audiovisual texts chosen for this analysis were Finding Dory(2016) and Inside Out(2015) and their respective Korean subtitles, which were then evaluated according to their degree of lexical difficulty and subtitle length. The results showed that there are two categories affecting the preteen audience’s readability of subtitles; internal factors –degree of lexical difficulty, subtitle length, sentence structure, grammar-, and external factors – visual and audio information from the film, constraints of subtitles’ time and space, the reader’s lexical knowledge-. However, in regards to the internal factors, this research only focused on lexical difficulty and subtitle length pertaining to the audience’s readability. Firstly, when the degree of lexical difficulty was tested, there were some lexical items that were not included in the vocabulary lists of the National Institute of the Korean Language, which were likely to affect readability. They are categorized as proper words, Chinese character words, loanwords, and foreign words. In these animation film subtitles, loanwords and foreign words were being employed despite the fact that they could have been substituted by Korean words. Secondly, AVT norms dictate that one subtitle line must be limited to 13 Korean characters but it does not take into account the time subtitles remain on the screen. Therefore, assuming that there are two subtitle lines and each line has 13 characters, a maximum of 26 characters fit into one subtitle set. After applying this number of characters to the six-seconds rule (D’Ydewalle et al. 1987), the corresponding speed for each subtitle set should be 5 CPS (Characters Per Second). Although the subtitles for these two films followed this criterion, high-level vocabulary that were included could affect readability by slowing down the perceptual process of reading and vice-versa.
It is important to note that the primary targets of animation films are children and their lexical knowledge finds itself between the elementary and intermediate levels of vocabulary. In addition, their reading speed can be impeded by the lengthy subtitles and eye movement halts due to unfamiliar vocabulary, especially at the cinema where there is an overflow of sounds and visual information.
The implication of this research for subtitle translators is that they should take into consideration both internal and external factors when creating subtitles, thus contributing to the improvement of audiences’ readability.
39
40
Participants
41
Biodata of Participants - Lecturers / Workshop Leaders
BENNETT, Karen
Karen Bennett is Assistant Professor at the Universidade Nova in Lisbon, where she lectures in History and Theory of Translation. She has a MA and PhD in Translation Studies from the University of Lisbon, and researches the translation of knowledge (amongst other things) with the Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies (CETAPS) and University of Lisbon Centre for English Studies (ULICES/CEAUL). Her recent publications include the article ‘Foucault in English: the politics of exoticization’ to appear in Target in 2017, the chapter ‘Towards an epistemological monoculture: mechanisms of epistemicide in European research publication’, in the volumeEnglish as an Academic and Research Language (edited by Ramón PloAlastrué and Carmen Pérez-Llantada), De Gruyter Mouton (2015) 9- 35, and the edited volume The Semiperiphery of Academic Writing: Discourses, Communities and Practices, London: Palgrave Macmillan (2014). She is also currently co-editing a special issue of The Translator on the subject of International English and Translation. Contact Email: [email protected]
KANG, Ji-Hae
Ji-Hae Kang is Professor of Translation Studies at the Department of English Language Literature and Director of Ajou Center for Translation and Interpreting Studies (ACTIS) at Ajou University, Republic of Korea. Her research focuses on translation and interpreting in institutional settings, issues of power, identity and discourse in transnational exchanges, and the interplay between translation and digital culture. She has conducted case studies on translator positioning in institutions, translation/interpreting policies and practices in Korean history, and the role of translation in the circulation and reception of academic knowledge. Other interests include translation-related activities in transnational fandom and social, political, and ethical consequences of the development of digital technology with respect to translation. She is the author of ThongyekuyIhay [Understanding Interpreting] (2004) and guest-editor of the special issue on Translation in Institutions for the journal Perspectives (2014). Her articles have appeared in a wide range of leading translation studies journals, including Target, The Translator, Meta, Perspectives, and The Korean Association of Translation Studies (KATS) Journal. Previously the editor of The KATS Journal, she is currently on the editorial board of Perspectives. Contact Email: [email protected]
42
Biodata of Participants - Lecturers / Workshop Leaders
PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ, Luis
Luis Pérez-González is Professor of Translation Studies and Co-director of the Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies at the University of Manchester, UK. He is a Co- investigator on the 4-year project Genealogies of Knowledge: The Evolution and Contestation of Concepts across Time and Space, and a case study analyst in the Manchester-led OWRI project Cross-language Dynamics: Reshaping Community – both of them funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council in the UK. He is also author of Audiovisual Translation: Theories, Methods and Issues (Routledge 2014), editor of Routledge Handbook of Audiovisual Translation (2017), and co-editor of Routledge’s Critical Perspectives on Citizen Media book series. His articles have appeared in a wide range of international journals, including The Translator, The Journal of Language and Politics, Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media, International Journal of Cultural Studies, Journal of Pragmatics and Language and Intercultural Communication. Contact Email: [email protected]
WAKABAYASHI, Judy
Judy Wakabayashi is professor of Japanese translation at Kent State University. After working as a translator in Japan, she received her Ph.D. from the University of Queensland in 1993 and taught Japanese-English translation at the graduate level in Australia before taking up a position at Kent State in 2002. Her research interests include Japanese studies, the history of translation in Japan and other parts of Asia, and methods for researching and writing about translation history. Other interests include translation theory and pedagogy and fictional representations of translators. She currently teaches graduate courses in Japanese-English translation, translation theory and histories of translation. She is the co- editor of Asian Translation Traditions (2005), Decentering Translation Studies: India and Beyond (2009) and Translation and Translation Studies in the Japanese Context (2012), as well as author of numerous articles and chapters on translation and translator of several non-fiction books. Contact Email: [email protected]
43
Biodata of Participants
CHOI, Hyo-eun
The author obtained her doctorate of Interpretation and Translation Studies at Ewha Womans University, and is currently a lecturer at Handong University in Pohang and Dongguk University in Seoul. Her main research interests are the translation of Christian texts, including both popular and theological books, and the translation history of Christianity in Korea. ([email protected]) Contact Email: [email protected]
CHOI, Jinsil
The author works as an assistant professor at Keimyung University, South Korea. She completed her PhD at the University of Leicester, UK, 2014, with a thesis entitled “A Corpus Based Analysis of Institutional Translation in Korea”. Her research interests include a corpus-based translation discourse analysis, pre-modern Korea in translation, and English language teaching methodology with translation. She published the Korean translations of “Discourse and the Translator” by Basil Hatim and Ian Mason and “Linguistics and the Language of Translation” by Kirsten Malmkjaer. Contact Email: [email protected]
CHOI, Sung Hee
Sung Hee Choi is a research professor in the English Language and Literature Department at Korea University, Korea. She majored in English literature at Korea University, receiving her M.A. degree in 1993 and her Ph.D. in 2002 (English Renaissance and 18th century Literature). After working in several universities in Korea as a lecturer, she began her M.A. in Translation Studies at the University of Birmingham, England and received her M.A. degree in 2011. Areas of teaching and research are aspects of cultural studies in translation, critical discourse analysis, postcolonial translation, feminist translation. Presently her research focuses on literary translation in early modern Korea. Contact Email: [email protected]
44
Biodata of Participants
HAM, Heejoo
Heejoo Ham studied at Graduate School of Interpreting and Translation at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies majoring in Korean-English interpretation and translation. She is a beginning researcher in the translation studies studying for a PhD at the same graduate school, and also a practitioner working as a professional interpreter and translator. Main research interests include sociological aspect in the translation studies, translator study and professional ethics for translators and interpreters. Contact Email: [email protected]
HONG, Jungmin
Hong Jung Min obtained her master’s degree and doctoral degree from the Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation of Ewha Womans University. She now teaches translation at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies and Ewha Womans University. Her research interests range from media translation, musical translation to status of translators with the main publications including ‘A Study on the role and status of news translators in South Korea - Focusing on the case of English news(2014), ‘Study on difference in musical lyrics translation between premiere and revival, and its possible reasons - Focusing on Sondheim's Sweeny Todd(2016).’ She is a professional translator and also worked as a journalist at Reuters, Bloomberg, and Edaily. Contact Email: [email protected]
HONG, Jung-wook
Jung-wook Hong obtained her PhD in Linguistics (CDA & SFL) at Macquarie University, Australia in 2012. She teaches subjects in the fields of New Media and Digital Humanities at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. Her research interests include (Critical) Discourse Analysis, Digital Humanities, and Translation Studies. Contact Email: [email protected]
45
Biodata of Participants
JIN, Silhee
Silhee Jin (PhD Translation Studies) is an Assistant Professor at the Advanced Interpretation and Translation Program of the Graduate School of International Studies, Chung Ang University, Korea. Her research area includes interpreter and translator training, multimedia translation, computer-assisted interpreter training, technology-enhanced models of Translation, computer-assisted translation, and educational technology. Her latest presentations and papers are entitled, ‘Constraints and the Applicability of ICT in the Training of CI interpreters’; ‘A Social Constructivist Model of Training Consecutive Interpretation: focused on an ICT-based Experiential Learning Environment,’ and ‘A Model of Live Subtitle Translation for Conference Interpretation.’ Contact Email: [email protected]
KIM, Euna
Kim Euna is a Ph.D. candidate in Translation Studies in English Language & Literature at the Pusan National University in Busan, South Korea. She holds a B.A. in finance from the University College Dublin in Singapore, and an M.A. in Translation Studies in English Language & Literature; also from the Pusan National University in South Korea where she is currently continuing her Ph.D. and research. Her interests center around audiovisual translation, especially in subtitling. Her current research focuses on preteen audiences' perceptual reading of subtitles. Contact Email: [email protected]
KIM, Kyung Hye
Kyung Hye KIM is a lecturer at School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Her academic interests lie in corpus-based translation studies and the application of critical discourse analysis and narrative theory in translation studies. Contact Email: [email protected]
KIM, Yejin
I am a PhD candidate (in Writing-Up status) at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London and completed MA Comparative Literature at University College London and MA Translation Studies at Sungkyunkwan University. My research interests include politics of translation with the specific focus on historical contexts. My current research is on the relation between translations and national ideology formation in the national building period in South Korea (1949-1950). Contact Email: [email protected]
46
Biodata of Participants
KIM, Youngshin
Youngshin Kim is currently Deputy Professor at the Department of English Language and Culture at Anyang University, Korea. A conference interpreter and practicing translator, Kim earned her Doctoral degree in translation studies from Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul. Her research interest lies in translation sociology, translation and ideology, and translation criticism. She has translated three books including Women and Power(2010). Contact Email: [email protected]
KWAK, Youn-Jeong
Youn-jeong Kwak is a Ph D student in Interpretation and Translation at Ajou University. She received MA degree in English literature from Chonnam National University in 2004. Her research interest is on literary translation, sociology of translation, and translator studies. Contact Email: [email protected]
LAM, Michelle
The author is a full-time lecturer at City University of Macao and meanwhile a PhD student in Linguistics at the University of Macau. Her research interest is on critical discourse analysis on translation studies. Contact Email: [email protected]
LEE, Seryun
Seryun Lee is a first year PhD student at the Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies, University of Manchester. Her thesis explores the Korean-English translation of vlogs as part of the self-mediation disseminated within the YouTube platform from an affect theory perspective, focusing on its role in establishing communities of affinity in cyberspace. Seryun holds an MA in Translation Studies and a BA in English Language and Literature from Ajou University. Prior to joining the CTIS, she worked as a translator/researcher at the Korea Energy Economics Institute. Contact Email: [email protected]
47
Biodata of Participants
LIU, Jinyu
Associate professor of translation and interpreting studies Head of English department, Foreign Languages studies College, Inner Mongolia University, PRC
Her research field includes the translation history of the social sciences in late Qing period, pedagogical studies of translation. She got her Ph.D degree from Beijing Foreign Studies University and has published quite a few papers and one book. Currently she is visiting East Asian Languages and Civilization, Harvard University. Contact Email: [email protected]
LO, Noble Po-kan
I received my BA and MA from the University of Hong Kong, an MSt from the University of Oxford and a CELTA from the University of Cambridge. I am currently reading for my Certificate in Advanced Education Leadership at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and PhD in Translation at University College London. My publications have appeared in peer-reviewed journals such as the Journal of East Asian Studies, Journal of Society for Humanities Studies in East Asia, Journal of Study on Language and Culture of Korea and China, Journal of The Cultural Studies Centre of East Asia and Journal of International Chinese Studies. I have presented my work at Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Chonnam National University, Fudan University, National Taiwan University, the University of Hong Kong and the Open University of Hong Kong.
I am presently Visiting Fellow in the Department of English at City University of Hong Kong and serve as Translation Editor of the International Journal for the Study of Lu Xun and the International Journal for the Study of Murakami Haruki. I am also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and a Member of the Chartered Institute of Linguists, Hawaii Chinese Writers’ Association and the Society for Humanities Studies in East Asia. Contact Email: [email protected]
48
Biodata of Participants
MAH, Seung-hye
Seung-hye Mah graduated from Ewha Womans University in Korea majoring in English Language and Literature. She earned her Master’s degree in TESOL from New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development in the US and another Master’s degree in Simultaneous Interpreting and Translation from Seoul University of Foreign Studies. She received her Ph. D from Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation. Her current research interests include translation education and literary translation from Korean into English. Contact Email: [email protected]
MORENO, Yolanda
Yolanda Moreno is graduated from University of Alcalá (Madrid) of English studies degree. Together with this degree, she obtained a dual qualification and validation d’aquis attending to specific courses at the University of Northumbria (Newcastle) in Modern languages degree and Études Anglaises parcours Traduction at University of Orléans (France). To complete her academic formation she studied a Postgraduate Master’s Degree in Intercultural Communication, Translation and Interpreting in the Public Services. In 2015, she is a researcher, teaching assistant and PhD candidate at University of Alcalá (Madrid). Contact Email: [email protected]
PARK, Hyunju
Hyunju PARK received her PhD in translation studies from the Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation of Ewha Womans University in Korea. She worked as in- house translator for the Cultural Heritage Administration and has over 10 years of translation experience in the heritage field. Her research interests include heritage translation, bilingual dictionary, translation aid and terminological competence. Contact Email: [email protected]
49
Biodata of Participants
PARK, Soyoung
Soyoung Park is Lecturer in the Department of Korean-Spanish, Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. Her research interests include theatre translation, translation and history, gender and education. She has published in journals such as Interpreting and Translation Studies, Interpretation and Translation Studies, The Journal of Translation Studies, etc. Contact Email: [email protected]
SHIN, Hayne
Hayne Shin is a visiting professor of the Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation at Handong Global University in Pohang, Korea, where she developed sermon interpreting courses in 2005 based on her sermon interpreting experience. With her research interest on interpreting in religious context, she spoke at the related panels at the international conference on Non-Professional Interpreting and Translation (NPIT) in 2014 and European Society of Translation Studies (EST) Congress in 2016, and at the NIDA Institute’s Bible Translation and Church Interpreting Seminar in 2015. She also teaches interpreting at Ewha Womans University, where she received her doctorate degree. Contact Email: [email protected]
TORRES-SIMON, Esther
Esther Torres is a professional translator, teacher and researcher at the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). As a translator she specializes in the translation of cultural products (literature, audiovisual, art). As a lecturer she has worked in Chonbuk National University, University of Yonsei, Catalonia’s Open University and currently teaches in the Department of English and German Studies at the URV. Since 2013, she holds a doctorate in Translation and Intercultural Studies and works on Korean literary exchanges, the reception of translations, and the links between theory and practice. Contact Email: [email protected]
50
Biodata of Participants
YOO, Jeong-Ju
Dr. Yoo, Jeong Ju earned her PhD in Translation Studies from the Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation(GSTI) of Ewha Womans University. As a postdoctoral fellowship awardee from the National Research Foundation of Korea, she is currently working as a postdoctoral researcher at Hanondg International Law School(HILS). She has almost 10 years of experience as a legal translator at one of the major law firms in Korea and the Korea Legislation Research Institute, and lectures legal translation at Ewha's GSTI and Handong International Law School. Her major research interests include legal translation, legal writing and drafting in plain language, legal translation assessment and pedagogy, and corpus linguistics as a methodology for translation studies. Contact Email: [email protected]
YU, Han-Nae
Han-Nae YU received a doctoral degree in Interpretation and Translation studies from GSIT, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, in 2015. She is presently working as lecturer in the Department of Korean–English, GSIT, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. Her research area includes translation criticism, literary translation, and the role and status of translators. Her latest papers are entitled: ‘Social Visibility of the Translator: Focusing on the Epitext of The Road Translated by Chong, Young-Mok’, ‘An Analysis of the Translator’s Style of The Great Gatsby: Focusing on Optional Shift’, ‘Suggestions for Translator Training and Employment: Focusing on Job Advertisement Analysis’. Contact Email: [email protected]
ZHU, Yifan
Yifan ZHU has a PhD in Linguistics with a specialization in translation and contrastive studies of Chinese and English. She is an associate professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. She has taught many courses including Translation Practice, MTI Translation Critics, MTI Translation Theories. She has rich experience in translation and translation training. In addition to teaching and translation, Dr. Zhu publishes scholarship in translation studies, contrastive linguistics and corpus-based translation studies. Her articles appear in journals such as Chinese Translator's Journal, Journal of Foreign Languages, Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages and Foreign Languages Research, etc. Her monograph The Influence of Translation on Modern Chinese (1905-1936) was published in 2011 by the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Contact Email: [email protected]
51
52
List of Participants
Name Abstract Biodata
BENNETT, Karen ………………………………………… 13 42 CHOI, Hyo-eun ………………………………………… 31 44 CHOI, Jinsil ………………………………………… 21 44 CHOI, Sung Hee ………………………………………… 26 44 HAM, Heejoo ………………………………………… 32 45 HONG, Jungmin ………………………………………… 28 45 HONG, Jung-wook ………………………………………… 17 45 JIN, Silhee ………………………………………… 15 46 KANG, Ji-Hae ………………………………………… 12 42 KIM, Euna ………………………………………… 39 46
KIM, Kyung Hye ………………………………………… 22 46 KIM, Yejin ………………………………………… 20 46 KIM, Youngshin ………………………………………… 19 47 KWAK, Youn-Jeong ………………………………………… 33 47 LAM, Michelle ………………………………………… 34 47 LEE, Seryun ………………………………………… 16 47 LIU, Jinyu ………………………………………… 30 48 LO, Noble Po-kan ………………………………………… 18 48 MAH, Seung-hye ………………………………………… 35 49 MORENO, Yolanda ………………………………………… 29 49 PARK, Hyunju ………………………………………… 37 49 PARK, Soyoung ………………………………………… 25 50 PÉREZ-GONZÁ LEZ, Luis …………………………………………. 10 43 SHIN, Hayne ………………………………………… 38 50 TORRES-SIMON, Esther ………………………………………… 35 50 WAKABAYASHI, Judy ………………………………………… 12 43
53
YOO, Jeong-Ju ………………………………………… 27 51 YU, Han-Nae ………………………………………… 23 51
ZHU, Yifan ………………………………………… 22 51
54
Memo
55
Memo
56
Memo
57